523:, with assistant director Gerald Mitchell. The ironic ending of the film, in which Rose's damaged gramophone record of Pinkie's voice sticks and repeats the words "I love you", was changed against Greene's wishes from his original story, in which Rose is about to hear the entire recording and will realise that Pinkie hated her. This is described by Greene as "The greatest horror of all". The filmmakers believed censors were likely to object to the more tragic original ending. Instructed to lose weight for the film, Richard Attenborough trained with
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the waitress would be able to identify Spicer. Pinkie visits the restaurant and discovers that the sweet, naive young waitress Rose found the card and noticed that it was not Fred who left the card, and is sure she would recognise the person who did, as she has a good memory for faces. Pinkie warns Rose not to speak about the person who left the card, and as part of gaining her confidence, asks her out on a date. Without fully understanding why he has said this, Rose trusts Pinkie and agrees that she will say nothing.
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shoot herself first. Rose is torn between her love for Pinkie and the
Catholic prohibition against suicide, and hesitates. Meanwhile, Dallow and Ida, both wishing to protect the innocent Rose, alert police, who rush onto the pier after Pinkie. Upon seeing the police, Rose throws the gun into the water and Pinkie tries to run away, but falls from the pier to his death. A grief-stricken Rose later plays the damaged record of Pinkie's voice, which sticks on Pinkie's words "I love you" without playing the rest.
2001:
535:
351:, and he decides to marry her so she cannot testify against him. After their wedding, at Rose's request he makes a record of his voice at a fairgrounds booth, on which he says, "What you want me to say is I love you. Well here is the truth. I hate you, you little slut. You make me sick." Rose cherishes the record, wrongly assuming that it contains Pinkie's profession of love, although she does not have a
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especially in the latter half, is good, but there is not enough
Brighton to be seen. It is well acted. Richard Attenborough, as Pinkie, is all Pinkie should be, ruthless, craven, sinister and sadistic, and he looks and lives the part. Carol Marsh, a new find, is a restrained Rose, and Hermione Baddeley, as always, is fruity, common and kind."
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in hopes that
Colleoni's men will kill him there. However, Pinkie is also attacked by Colleoni's men, receiving a long scar on his right cheek, and runs off thinking Spicer is dead. However he is told later that Spicer lived. Pinkie ends up finishing Spicer off himself by pushing him down a stairwell in front of several witnesses.
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death, but only succeeds in scratching it. Dallow objects, saying Rose's death is unnecessary because Ida is about to leave
Brighton, having been unable to find any convincing evidence against Pinkie. Colleoni has also paid off Pinkie and Dallow to leave town, and they go for a final drink with Rose before departing.
343:
Pinkie is also being pressured by
Colleoni, the older and more powerful leader of a rival gang, and owner of the large Cosmopolitan Hotel. He is also pursued by the police, who want him to leave town to avoid further gang warfare. Deciding that Spicer is a liability, Pinkie sends him to the racetrack
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Much of the filming was done on location in
Brighton, although some locations were recreated in the studio. The scenes where Fred is pursued through Brighton were shot with hidden cameras, capturing footage of Brighton residents and tourists engaged in their regular activities, unaware that a movie
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To establish an alibi for himself, Pinkie sends one of his gang members, Spicer, to distribute Fred's "Kolley Kibber" cards throughout the town, making it look like Fred was going about his business normally. Spicer errs by leaving one card under the tablecloth in a restaurant, creating a risk that
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is disappointing and difficult to follow. Those who have not read the book will be completely at sea, and those who have will be irritated at the tricks played with a superb story. One requires a knowledge of race-gang language to understand what the characters are talking about. The photography,
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When Ida enters the bar, the paranoid Pinkie decides to carry out his plan for Rose's death, and takes her for a walk on the pier. Pinkie convinces Rose he will soon be hanged and the two of them should commit suicide in order to always stay together. He gives Rose his gun and tries to get her to
359:
Ida's visit makes Pinkie decide he needs to kill Rose too, and he confides to his last remaining gang member, Dallow, his plan to get Rose to enter a suicide pact with him and kill herself first. Pinkie also tries to destroy the voice recording he made to avoid its becoming evidence after Rose's
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Carol Marsh was cast as Rose after responding to a newspaper advertisement for a 16 or 17-year-old girl, "frail, innocent, naive, and tolerably but not excessively pretty." Although the film was her most significant role, in 1997 she said that she "had never seen the film and couldn't bear to."
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Pinkie and the gang hold Fred responsible for Kite's death. They confront Fred in a local pub, threaten him, and pursue him through the crowded resort town before Pinkie finally murders Fred on the ghost train. While Fred is attempting to elude the gang, he meets brassy, outgoing Ida Arnold, a
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middle-aged entertainer currently appearing in a local show. Ida takes a liking to Fred and notes that he appears to be afraid. The police think that Fred's death is a heart attack or suicide, but Ida suspects foul play and begins her own amateur investigation.
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to play it on and is unaware of its true contents. Ida, who by now suspects Pinkie of killing both Fred and Spicer, poses as Rose's mother to visit her while Pinkie is out and warn her about Pinkie, but Rose is loyal to Pinkie and Ida leaves.
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racetrack gang of the 1930s, which fought public battles with straight razors in its competition to control crime at racecourses in southern
England, including one at Brighton. A former Sabini gang member named Carl Ramon served as
332:" promotion). Fred will play "Kolley Kibber", leaving cards around town that can be redeemed for a monetary prize, with a larger prize for the first person who publicly identifies Fred as Kolley Kibber.
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390:; damnation, forgiveness and mercy. Rose, and Pinkie (ostensibly), are Catholics, as was Greene; their beliefs are contrasted with Ida's strong but non-religious moral sensibility.
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in 1935, a gangster named Kite is found dead, shortly after a newspaper published a story exposing local rackets and gang wars. Kite's old gang, now led by the
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previewed the revival, saying "both
Catholicism and his movie-friendliness are in full cry in John Boulting's terrific 1947 gangster picture."
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Some reviewers, as well as author Greene, also objected to the final scene as sentimental and contrary to the original book's darker ending.
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Chapman, J. (2022). The Money Behind the Screen: A History of
British Film Finance, 1945-1985. Edinburgh University Press p 355.
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As of 1 April 1950 the film earned distributor's gross receipts of £147,124 in the UK of which £94,902 went to the producer.
308:": Ida in the film says that like Brighton rock she doesn't change—as the name Brighton stays written the whole way through.
735:, was released in the United Kingdom on 4 February 2010. Joffé changed the setting from the 1930s to the 1960s, during the
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First screened to the trade and cinema distributors on 25 November 1947, the film held its World
Premiere at the
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on 8 January 1948, followed by a Gala Premiere at the Leicester Square Warner Cinema London on 9 January 1948.
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critic denouncing the razor-slashing scenes as "horrific" and concluding, "This film must not be shown."
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was described in the trade papers as being a "notable box office attraction" in British cinemas in 1948.
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caused a critical uproar in Britain due to its depictions of crime and violence, with the
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wrote the screenplay for the 1948 film adaptation, produced and directed by
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through the Boulting brothers' production company Charter Film Productions.
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885:
Jones, Grahame C. (Spring 1969). "Graham Greene and the Legend of Péguy".
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559: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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It was less successful in the United States (where it was released as
1104:, 12 June 2009 (6/14/09 on p. AR13 of the NY ed.). Retrieved 6/14/09.
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Chelsea FC in the Swinging '60s: Football's First Rock 'n' Roll Club
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Like the book and like other Greene film adaptations such as
937:. Images of England. Stroud: Tempus Publishing. p. 71.
284:) as an amateur sleuth investigating a murder he committed.
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988:
Realism and Tinsel: Cinema and Society in Britain 1939-48
383:
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Rose falls in love with Pinkie, discovering he is also a
1551:
Getting to Know the General: The Story of an Involvement
1516:
Getting to Know the General: The Story of an Involvement
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A new adaptation of the novel, written and directed by
695:) and critics did not consider its violence excessive.
304:
The title comes from the old-fashioned confectionary "
1122:
at the British Film Institute's Film and TV Database
280:) as the innocent girl he marries, and Ida Arnold (
272:as violent gang leader Pinkie Brown (reprising his
2860:
833:Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television
784:
782:
2366:
2352:
2030:
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831:Vincent Porter, 'The Robert Clark Account',
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702:has maintained a good reputation, with the
2939:Films with screenplays by Terence Rattigan
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2345:
2037:
2023:
1218:
1204:
975:– via National Library of Australia.
276:role of three years earlier), Rose Brown (
40:
1094:"The Screen’s Seduction of Graham Greene"
865:British Film Institute Collections Search
603:The Colleoni gang was modelled after the
575:Learn how and when to remove this message
287:The film was adapted from the 1938 novel
853:
2934:Films with screenplays by Graham Greene
1060:
1032:
818:
816:
14:
2861:
926:
751:in New York City 19–26 June 2009, and
493:Norman Watson as racecourse evangelist
163:Associated British Picture Corporation
2964:English-language crime thriller films
2919:Films based on works by Graham Greene
2340:
2018:
1199:
932:
884:
657:
813:
557:adding citations to reliable sources
528:
1035:"Optimum to remake 'Brighton Rock'"
382:doctrines concerning the nature of
24:
2959:English-language crime drama films
1061:Elliott, Emily-Ann (19 May 2009).
27:1948 British film by John Boulting
25:
2975:
1111:
720:
2000:
1999:
1752:The Invisible Japanese Gentlemen
1559:A World of My Own: A Dream Diary
533:
2929:Films directed by John Boulting
1677:The Last Word and Other Stories
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1026:
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747:The original film had a run at
592:of the film takes place at the
544:needs additional citations for
967:. NSW. 10 July 1948. p. 3
923:The History Press (1 May 2015)
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13:
1:
2914:Films based on British novels
2894:British black-and-white films
1033:Dawtrey, Adam (15 May 2008).
772:
643:
510:
2899:1940s English-language films
2884:British crime thriller films
1063:"Brighton set to Rock again"
1014:(157): 170. 1 January 1947.
662:At the time of its release,
638:
499:as the look-out (uncredited)
378:(1949), the film deals with
7:
2846:The Girl Who Came to Supper
2731:The Prince and the Showgirl
1669:May We Borrow Your Husband?
1610:The Return of A. J. Raffles
760:
10:
2980:
2874:1940s crime thriller films
2715:The Man Who Loved Redheads
2595:The Belles of St. Clements
2276:Carlton-Browne of the F.O.
742:
724:
619:
2889:British crime drama films
2829:
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2375:
2308:There's a Girl in My Soup
2163:
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1997:
1971:
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1465:The Captain and the Enemy
1244:
1235:
1007:The Monthly Film Bulletin
964:The Sydney Morning Herald
935:Brighton and Hove Cinemas
850:. Retrieved 14 June 2009.
808:British Newspaper Archive
767:BFI Top 100 British films
727:Brighton Rock (2010 film)
715:the top 100 British films
704:Encyclopedia of Film Noir
677:The Monthly Film Bulletin
478:Harry Ross as Bill Brewer
367:
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18:Brighton Rock (1947 film)
2954:Films scored by Hans May
1634:For Whom the Bell Chimes
1508:In Search of a Character
1441:Doctor Fischer of Geneva
835:, Vol 20 No 4, 2000 p485
186:8 January 1948
160:Charter Film Productions
2544:A Bequest to the Nation
2316:Soft Beds, Hard Battles
1857:The Heart of the Matter
1785:The Future's in the Air
1349:The Heart of the Matter
1333:The Power and the Glory
448:Virginia Winter as Judy
393:
311:
2909:British gangster films
2879:1948 crime drama films
2771:The Yellow Rolls-Royce
2070:Seagulls Over Sorrento
2045:Films directed by the
1325:The Confidential Agent
887:Comparative Literature
711:British Film Institute
626:ABC Cinema in Brighton
505:as singer (uncredited)
473:Joan Sterndale-Bennett
297:, and was produced by
2924:Films set in Brighton
2795:Bequest to the Nation
2643:English Without Tears
1945:The End of the Affair
1865:The End of the Affair
1594:The Complaisant Lover
1369:The End of the Affair
1230:and their adaptations
1022:– via ProQuest.
933:Eyles, Allen (2003).
706:calling it "superb".
521:John and Roy Boulting
2803:The Browning Version
2691:The Browning Version
2659:While the Sun Shines
2651:The Way to the Stars
2611:French Without Tears
2520:Variation on a Theme
2464:The Browning Version
2440:While the Sun Shines
2400:French Without Tears
2392:A Tale of Two Cities
1929:The Honorary Consul
1913:Travels with My Aunt
1696:The End of the Party
1492:Journey Without Maps
1417:Travels with My Aunt
1341:The Ministry of Fear
959:"Film banned in NSW"
717:, it ranked at #15.
588:was being made. The
553:improve this article
469:Lina Barrie as Molly
401:Richard Attenborough
270:Richard Attenborough
257:) is a 1948 British
104:Richard Attenborough
2949:1940s British films
2504:The Sleeping Prince
1745:A Shocking Accident
1425:The Honorary Consul
1269:Rumour at Nightfall
484:as Police Inspector
2787:Goodbye, Mr. Chips
2268:Happy Is the Bride
2236:Sailor of the King
2153:Rotten to the Core
2145:I'm All Right Jack
2129:Private's Progress
2062:Seven Days to Noon
1953:The Quiet American
1889:The Quiet American
1817:Went the Day Well?
1661:A Sense of Reality
1653:Twenty-One Stories
1377:The Quiet American
1301:The Bear Fell Free
1285:It's a Battlefield
1261:The Name of Action
1169:TCM Movie Database
1102:The New York Times
848:The New York Times
845:NY Times biography
754:The New York Times
713:'s 1999 survey of
658:Critical reception
136:Peter Graham Scott
2944:Films set in 1935
2856:
2855:
2819:The Deep Blue Sea
2723:The Deep Blue Sea
2699:The Sound Barrier
2627:The Day Will Dawn
2552:In Praise of Love
2496:The Deep Blue Sea
2334:
2333:
2284:A French Mistress
2244:Josephine and Men
2047:Boulting brothers
2012:
2011:
1937:Monsignor Quixote
1897:Our Man in Havana
1809:This Gun for Hire
1724:Alas, Poor Maling
1717:Across the Bridge
1710:The Basement Room
1645:Story collections
1500:The Lawless Roads
1449:Monsignor Quixote
1393:Our Man in Havana
1098:Terrence Rafferty
631:It was banned in
610:technical adviser
585:
584:
577:
425:Harcourt Williams
407:Hermione Baddeley
386:and the basis of
324:teenaged hoodlum
282:Hermione Baddeley
244:
243:
108:Hermione Baddeley
16:(Redirected from
2971:
2448:Love In Idleness
2416:Follow My Leader
2369:Terence Rattigan
2361:
2354:
2347:
2338:
2337:
2212:Fame Is the Spur
2105:Journey Together
2039:
2032:
2025:
2016:
2015:
2003:
2002:
1988:Shades of Greene
1921:The Human Factor
1825:Ministry of Fear
1618:The Great Jowett
1602:Carving a Statue
1586:The Potting Shed
1433:The Human Factor
1401:A Burnt-Out Case
1220:
1213:
1206:
1197:
1196:
1105:
1091:
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1084:
1082:
1080:
1075:on 22 April 2019
1071:. Archived from
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737:mods and rockers
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517:Terence Rattigan
490:as lazy waitress
482:Campbell Copelin
452:Reginald Purdell
419:William Hartnell
193:
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112:William Hartnell
65:Terence Rattigan
44:
32:
31:
21:
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2811:The Winslow Boy
2747:Adventure Story
2739:Separate Tables
2683:The Winslow Boy
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2512:Separate Tables
2480:Adventure Story
2456:The Winslow Boy
2408:After the Dance
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2260:Brothers in Law
2252:Run for the Sun
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2013:
2008:
1993:
1967:
1873:Loser Takes All
1841:The Fallen Idol
1793:The New Britain
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1738:The Destructors
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1578:The Living Room
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1385:Loser Takes All
1293:England Made Me
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1002:"Brighton Rock"
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861:"Brighton Rock"
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790:"Brighton Rock"
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503:Constance Smith
464:Charles Goldner
460:as Phil Corkery
403:as Pinkie Brown
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306:a stick of rock
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2707:The Final Test
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2568:All on Her Own
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2384:First Episode
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893:(2): 138–40.
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565:December 2023
558:
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542:This section
540:
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531:
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504:
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497:Ronald Shiner
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458:George Carney
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443:Alan Wheatley
441:
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415:as Rose Brown
414:
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409:as Ida Arnold
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375:The Third Man
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295:Graham Greene
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290:Brighton Rock
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268:and starring
267:
266:John Boulting
263:
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248:Brighton Rock
240:£190,147 (UK)
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62:Graham Greene
61:
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53:John Boulting
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2587:Films and TV
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2472:Harlequinade
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2228:High Treason
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2196:Thunder Rock
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1238:Bibliography
1188:
1174:
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1141:
1136:Screenonline
1126:
1118:
1101:
1089:
1077:. Retrieved
1073:the original
1066:
1056:
1044:. Retrieved
1038:
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1005:
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987:
981:
969:. Retrieved
962:
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868:. Retrieved
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669:Daily Mirror
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663:
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648:
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630:
623:
614:
602:
586:
571:
562:
551:Please help
546:verification
543:
525:Chelsea F.C.
514:
445:as Fred Hale
431:Wylie Watson
373:
371:
362:
358:
346:
342:
338:
334:
326:Pinkie Brown
322:psychopathic
315:
303:
299:Roy Boulting
288:
286:
264:directed by
253:
252:
247:
246:
245:
204:Running time
179:Release date
126:Harry Waxman
94:Roy Boulting
74:
29:
2763:The V.I.P.s
2675:Bond Street
2560:Before Dawn
2536:Man and Boy
2188:Pastor Hall
2172:Trunk Crime
870:19 December
733:Rowan Joffé
698:Over time,
594:Palace Pier
515:Greene and
466:as Colleoni
437:Nigel Stock
413:Carol Marsh
278:Carol Marsh
116:Carol Marsh
90:Produced by
49:Directed by
2869:1948 films
2863:Categories
2635:Uncensored
2432:Flare Path
1881:Saint Joan
1626:Yes and No
1020:1305811307
773:References
749:Film Forum
644:Box office
598:Peacehaven
511:Production
427:as Prewitt
353:gramophone
237:Box office
208:92 minutes
198:(premiere)
190:1948-01-08
153:Production
80:1938 novel
59:Written by
2904:Film noir
2579:(1975/77)
2424:Grey Farm
2367:Works by
2137:Lucky Jim
2097:John only
1226:Works by
1079:17 August
1068:The Argus
990:2003 p211
971:10 August
639:Reception
439:as Cubitt
433:as Spicer
421:as Dallow
330:Lobby Lud
262:film noir
155:companies
132:Edited by
2164:Roy only
2054:Together
2006:Category
1740:" (1954)
1733:" (1954)
1726:" (1940)
1719:" (1938)
1712:" (1936)
1705:" (1930)
1698:" (1929)
1158:AllMovie
1016:ProQuest
761:See also
680:wrote: "
475:as Delia
454:as Frank
388:morality
349:Catholic
318:Brighton
274:West End
259:gangster
232:£192,436
221:Language
146:Hans May
142:Music by
100:Starring
71:Based on
2180:Inquest
2078:Suspect
1801:21 Days
1364:; 1949)
1362:novella
1190:Variety
1167:at the
1130:at the
1040:Variety
907:1769942
796:. 2021.
743:Revival
709:In the
620:Release
224:English
213:Country
188: (
2849:(1963)
2841:(1960)
2822:(2011)
2814:(1999)
2806:(1994)
2798:(1973)
2790:(1969)
2782:(1966)
2779:Nelson
2774:(1964)
2766:(1963)
2758:(1962)
2750:(1961)
2742:(1958)
2734:(1957)
2726:(1955)
2718:(1955)
2710:(1953)
2702:(1952)
2694:(1951)
2686:(1948)
2678:(1948)
2670:(1947)
2662:(1947)
2654:(1945)
2646:(1944)
2638:(1942)
2630:(1942)
2622:(1941)
2614:(1940)
2606:(1937)
2598:(1936)
2571:(1974)
2563:(1973)
2555:(1973)
2547:(1970)
2539:(1963)
2531:(1960)
2523:(1958)
2515:(1954)
2507:(1953)
2499:(1952)
2491:(1950)
2483:(1949)
2475:(1948)
2467:(1948)
2459:(1946)
2451:(1944)
2443:(1943)
2435:(1942)
2427:(1940)
2419:(1940)
2411:(1939)
2403:(1936)
2395:(1935)
2387:(1933)
2327:(1979)
2319:(1974)
2311:(1970)
2303:(1968)
2295:(1966)
2287:(1960)
2279:(1959)
2271:(1958)
2263:(1957)
2255:(1956)
2247:(1955)
2239:(1953)
2231:(1951)
2223:(1948)
2215:(1947)
2207:(1945)
2199:(1942)
2191:(1940)
2183:(1939)
2175:(1939)
2156:(1965)
2148:(1959)
2140:(1957)
2132:(1956)
2124:(1951)
2116:(1948)
2108:(1945)
2089:(1963)
2081:(1960)
2073:(1954)
2065:(1950)
2004:
1982:(play)
1964:(2010)
1956:(2002)
1948:(1999)
1940:(1985)
1932:(1983)
1924:(1979)
1916:(1972)
1908:(1967)
1900:(1959)
1892:(1958)
1884:(1957)
1876:(1956)
1868:(1955)
1860:(1953)
1852:(1949)
1844:(1948)
1836:(1947)
1828:(1944)
1820:(1942)
1812:(1942)
1804:(1940)
1796:(1940)
1788:(1937)
1780:(1934)
1680:(1990)
1672:(1967)
1664:(1963)
1656:(1954)
1637:(1983)
1629:(1983)
1621:(1981)
1613:(1975)
1605:(1964)
1597:(1959)
1589:(1957)
1581:(1953)
1562:(1992)
1554:(1984)
1546:(1980)
1538:(1971)
1519:(1984)
1511:(1961)
1503:(1939)
1495:(1936)
1476:(2005)
1468:(1988)
1460:(1985)
1452:(1982)
1444:(1980)
1436:(1978)
1428:(1973)
1420:(1969)
1412:(1966)
1404:(1960)
1396:(1958)
1388:(1955)
1380:(1955)
1372:(1951)
1352:(1948)
1344:(1943)
1336:(1940)
1328:(1939)
1320:(1938)
1312:(1936)
1304:(1935)
1296:(1935)
1288:(1934)
1280:(1932)
1272:(1932)
1264:(1930)
1256:(1929)
1245:Novels
1046:24 May
1018:
941:
905:
605:Sabini
590:climax
368:Themes
229:Budget
2603:Gypsy
2376:Plays
1972:Other
1769:Films
1570:Plays
903:JSTOR
739:era.
251:(US:
2528:Ross
1147:IMDb
1081:2009
1048:2008
973:2012
939:ISBN
872:2023
394:Cast
312:Plot
1187:at
1178:at
1156:at
1145:at
1134:'s
1132:BFI
1096:by
895:doi
891:XX1
555:by
384:sin
316:In
293:by
82:by
2865::
1100:,
1065:.
1037:.
1012:14
1010:.
1004:.
961:.
901:.
889:.
863:.
815:^
792:.
781:^
635:.
600:.
2360:e
2353:t
2346:v
2038:e
2031:t
2024:v
1761:"
1757:"
1754:"
1750:"
1747:"
1743:"
1736:"
1729:"
1722:"
1715:"
1708:"
1701:"
1694:"
1360:(
1219:e
1212:t
1205:v
1083:.
1050:.
947:.
909:.
897::
874:.
578:)
572:(
567:)
563:(
549:.
192:)
20:)
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