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239:
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40:
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332:. While a rapier is primarily a thrusting sword, a schiavona is a cut and thrust sword that has extra weight for greater penetration. It was basket-hilted (often with an imbedded quillon for an upper guard) and its blade was double edged. A surviving blade measures 93.2 cm (36.7 in) Ă— 3.4 cm (1.3 in) Ă— 0.45 cm (0.18 in) and bears two
1232:
1190:
A Gaelic
Dictionary, p. 120. see also Wagner, Paul; Christopher Thompson (2005). "The words "claymore" and "broadsword"". SPADA. Highland Village, Texas: The Chivalry Bookshelf. 2: 111–117.. Dwelly's Illustrated Gaelic to English Dictionary (Gairm Publications, Glasgow, 1988, p. 202); Culloden – The
470:
Some authors suggest that claybeg should be used instead, from a purported Gaelic claidheamh beag "small sword". This does not parallel
Scottish Gaelic usage. According to the Gaelic Dictionary by R. A. Armstrong (1825), claidheamh mĂłr "big/great sword" translates to "broadsword", and claidheamh dĂ
385:
swords", and the term has been extended to refer to the entire type of Civil War–era broadswords by some 20th-century authors. Other scholars dispute that the faces etched on the hilt are
Charles I. There are examples used on both sides of the conflict and the face imagery appeared before Charles I
546:
The
Walloon sword was favoured by both the military and civilian gentry. A distinctive feature of the Walloon sword is the presence of a thumb-ring, and it was therefore not ambidextrous. The most common hilt type featured a double shell guard and half-basket, though examples exist with hand
389:
One possible explanation for the "Mortuary" name is that in the decades after the
English Civil Wars, the arms of war heroes were donated to churches. The Churches painted the swords black and used them in funeral displays until the 19th century, when many were sold into the antique market.
625:
184:
type during the same period. The term "broadsword" was used in the 17th and 18th centuries, referring to double-edged basket-hilted swords. The term was introduced to distinguish these cut and thrust swords from the smaller and narrower smallsword.
483:"Sinclair hilt" is the name given by Victorian antiquarians, in the late 19th century, to Scandinavian swords that "bear a certain resemblance" to swords used in the Scottish Highlands in the 17th and 18th centuries. They named the sword for
644:
558:
Following their campaign in the
Netherlands in 1672 (when many of these German-made swords were captured from the Dutch), the French began producing this weapon as their first regulation sword. Weapons of this design were also issued to the
466:
A common weapon among the clansmen during the
Jacobite rebellions of the late 17th and early 18th centuries was the Scottish basket hilted broadsword, commonly known as claidheamh mor or claymore meaning "great sword" in Gaelic.
343:. It was popular among mercenary soldiers and wealthy civilians alike; examples decorated with gilding and precious stones were imported by the upper classes to be worn as a combination of fashion accessory and defensive weapon.
267:
114:
The basket-hilted sword was generally in use as a military sword. A true broadsword possesses a double-edged blade, while similar wide-bladed swords with a single sharpened edge and a thickened back are called
325:. It was widely recognizable for its "cat's-head pommel" and distinctive handguard made up of many leaf-shaped brass or iron bars that were attached to the cross-bar and knucklebow rather than the pommel.
212:. The mortuary and claybeg variants were commonly used in the British isles, whether domestically produced or acquired through trade with Italy and Germany. They also influenced the 18th-century cavalry
352:
146:
The basket-hilted sword is a development of the 16th century, rising to popularity in the 17th century and remaining in widespread use throughout the 18th century, used especially by
401:. Two Mortuary swords also reputed to belong to Cromwell are at the Cromwell Museum and another at the Philadelphia Museum of Art. Mortuary swords remained in use until around 1670.
535:
era. The historian and sword typologist Ewart
Oakeshott proposed an English origin for this type of sword, with subsequent development in the Netherlands and Germany. Basket-hilted
370:. This (usually) two-edged sword sported a half-basket hilt with a straight blade some 90–105 cm long. These hilts were often of very intricate sculpting and design.
1050:
Many of these baskets were decorated with embossed heads‥taken to represent the executed King
Charles I, and for this reason they are often described as mortuary swords.
79:(1728). This image portrays McBane in the "Inside Guard" with a broadsword, while the table next to him has both broadswords and smallswords. The wall behind him has a
1280:
1062:
462:
by David Morier (1705?–1770) depicting one of the final moments of the last
Jacobite Rebellion, at the Battle of Culloden, the last battle fought on British soil.
1410:
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336:
or grooves running about 1/4 the length of the blade. Weighing in at around 1.1 kg (2.4 lb), this blade was useful for both cut and thrust.
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307:
sword that became popular in Italy during the 16th and 17th centuries. Stemming from the 16th-century sword of the Balkan mercenaries who formed the
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271:
1416:
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339:
The schiavona became popular among the armies of those who traded with Italy during the 17th century and was the weapon of choice for many
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1444:
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2508:
1914:
107:
added to swords' crossguards since the Late Middle Ages. In modern times, this variety of sword is also sometimes referred to as the
1487:
573:
2538:
1482:
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161:, an English warship lost in 1545. Before the find, the earliest positive dating had been two swords from around the time of the
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2783:
1389:
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The basket-hilted sword was a cut and thrust sword which found the most use in a military context, contrasting with the
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1100:
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1404:
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634:'s forces land in Norway, 1612. The soldier in the center is armed with a Sinclair hilt broadsword and wears a
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232:
165:. At first the wire guard was a simple design, but as time passed it became increasingly sculpted and ornate.
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435:
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31:
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in the National Museum of Scotland, Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum, and the Trades House of Glasgow.
1093:
British Military Swords, 1600 to 1660 The English Civil Wars and the Birth of the British Standing Army
613:
172:, the similarly heavy thrust-oriented sword most often worn with civilian dress which evolved from the
17:
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and sword-rapiers, characterised by pierced shell-guards, made during the same period are known as
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328:
Classified as a true broadsword, this war sword had a wider blade than its contemporary civilian
2212:
1600:
1592:
1116:
967:
471:
lĂ imh to "two-handed sword", while claidheamh beag "small sword" is given as a translation of "
696:
397:'s weapon of choice; the one he owned is now held by the Royal Armories and displayed at the
282:. One of the last active uses of the Scottish broadsword in war was in World War II by Major
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528:
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227:, and fencing with the broadsword came to be seen as a speciality of Scotland. A number of
8:
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to a full basket. The hilt may have influenced the design of 18th century continental
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with reduced "half" or "three-quarter" baskets, remained in use in cavalry during the
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119:. Various forms of basket-hilt were mounted on both broadsword and backsword blades.
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European weapons and armour: From the Renaissance to the industrial revolution
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One of the earliest basket-hilted swords was recovered from the wreck of the
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Portrait of Donald McBane, a Scottish fencing master, from Donald McBane's
992:
246:(far right) leads commandos during a training exercise, sword in hand, in
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1909:
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650:"The Advantage of Shifting the Leg", plate from Henry Angelo & Son's
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308:
304:
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224:
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Swords and the Sorrows (The National Trust for Scotland, Glasgow, 1996).
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By the 17th century there were regional variations of basket-hilts: the
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2220:
2041:
1791:
1653:
378:
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1948:
718:"Broadsword or Broad Sword? Settling the Question of What's in a Name"
381:
of the "martyred" king on the hilt. These swords came to be known as "
351:
315:, the name came from the fact that the guard consisted largely of the
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2005:
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1984:
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39:
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1989:
377:(1649), basket-hilted swords were made which depicted the face or
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1979:
1848:
1731:
1706:
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870:; Peek, Hedley; Aflalo, Frederick George, eds. (1911). "Swords".
735:
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532:
363:
104:
100:
56:
1142:"Arms and Armour | Key Collections | Key Collections | Cromwell"
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that protects the hand. The basket hilt is a development of the
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Descendants of the basket-hilted sword, albeit in the form of
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One of the weapon types in the modern German dueling sport of
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1095:. Vol. I. Andrew Mowbray Publishers. pp. 178–180.
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1770:
1582:
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220:
968:"Schiavona - Historical Reference (Currently Unavailable)"
1242:
1117:"Sword - Mortuary sword Reputed to have been Cromwell's"
1067:
Cromwellian Scotland, Future Museum, South West Scotland
747:
1214:
Imperial Armies of the Thirty Years' War (2): Cavalry
579:
Venetian schiavona, type 2a, of the late 17th century
262:
and throughout the 19th century, specifically as the
1281:"European XVIIe Century Cavalry Walloon Broadsword"
30:"Broadsword" redirects here. For other uses, see
2775:
2666:
866:
1411:The basket-hilted sword. Description and photos
1086:
1084:
1438:
272:1897 Pattern British Infantry Officer's Sword
1024:The Association for Renaissance Martial Arts
722:The Association for Renaissance Martial Arts
235:were published throughout the 18th century.
133:
123:
1081:
942:"The Schiavona, A 17th century Masterpiece"
909:
907:
709:
547:protection ranging from a shell and single
1445:
1431:
1359:, Barnsley, England: Pen and Sword Books,
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779:
777:
775:
55:Juxtaposition of an early broadsword with
1372:
1248:
1200:
1043:
841:
741:
1417:Schiavona – Venetian basket-hilted sword
904:
715:
591:British Pattern 1788 Heavy Cavalry Sword
453:
358:A similar weapon was the cut-and-thrust
350:
237:
219:During the 18th century, the fashion of
70:
50:
38:
1090:
772:
487:, a Scottish mercenary who died in the
14:
2776:
1354:
972:Reliks Swords, Knives and Collectibles
872:The Encyclopaedia of Sport & Games
753:
404:
65:The Encyclopaedia of Sport & Games
27:Sword with basket-like hand protection
1426:
268:Gothic Hilted British Infantry Swords
208:, and some types of eastern European
1305:
1017:
939:
785:
418:
276:Pattern 1908 and 1912 cavalry swords
233:fencing with the Scottish broadsword
1357:The British Cavalry Sword from 1600
1212:Vladimir Brnardic, Darko Pavlovic,
913:
83:with flintlock pistols on each side
24:
1260:
886:"Forms of European Edged Weaponry"
860:
25:
2810:
1398:
1048:. London: Ward Lock. p. 24.
878:
817:"Sword from Mary Rose on display"
652:Hungarian and Highland Broadsword
346:
223:in Europe focused on the lighter
99:characterised by a basket-shaped
1020:"Antique and Replica Schiavonas"
874:. Vol. 1. pp. 349–355.
844:The Sword in the Age of Chivalry
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422:
77:The Expert Swordsman's Companion
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1167:"Broadsword of Oliver Cromwell"
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1134:
1109:
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1037:
1011:
985:
960:
933:
1091:Mowbray, Stuart (1 May 2013).
940:Bink, Jean (8 December 2008).
835:
809:
759:
681:Historical fencing in Scotland
411:Historical fencing in Scotland
13:
1:
1488:Straight swords (Double-edge)
1405:Scottish basket-hilted swords
1044:Wilkinson, Frederick (1967).
702:
603:A Scottish broadsword of the
511:(hewing sword) was common in
362:which was used after 1625 by
141:
2784:Early Modern European swords
1887:Iron Age – Three Kingdom Era
769:article in German Knowledge.
567:until as late as the 1850s.
294:
7:
1483:Curved swords (Single-edge)
1478:Thrusting swords (Edgeless)
1121:Royal Armouries collections
659:
289:
270:of the 1820s to 1890s, the
32:Broadsword (disambiguation)
10:
2815:
1171:Philadelphia Museum of Art
842:Oakeshott, Ewart (1998) .
693:, similar guarding concept
408:
29:
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2691:
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2019:
1998:
1962:
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1754:
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1634:
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1503:
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1468:
744:, pp. 156, 173, 175.
47:of the late 17th century.
1963:Heian – Kamakura periods
1355:Martyn, Charles (2004),
619:Swiss-made Walloon sword
321:, Istrian and Dalmatian
264:1796 Heavy Cavalry Sword
132:") is the basket-hilted
2647:Phra Saeng Khan Chai Si
2020:Meiji period and beyond
1999:Muromachi – Edo periods
1419:(interestingswords.com)
1413:(interestingswords.com)
1235:21 October 2012 at the
716:Clements, John (2022).
373:After the execution of
1878:Liaoning bronze dagger
1601:Migration Period sword
463:
355:
251:
134:
124:
84:
68:
48:
2213:Post-classical period
1903:Goryeo and Joseon era
1871:Bronze Age – Gojoseon
1593:Post-classical period
1326:"Armemuseum - Varjor"
916:"Mortuary Hilt Sword"
868:Howard, Henry Charles
697:Swiss arms and armour
491:in Norway (d. 1612).
457:
409:Further information:
354:
241:
74:
54:
42:
2548:Spanish colonization
1942:Yayoi – Nara periods
1382:Boydell & Brewer
1263:"Pappenheimer Sword"
1046:Swords & daggers
607:or "back-sword" type
541:Pappenheimer rapiers
59:with a 17th-century
2799:Weapons of Scotland
2261:Early modern period
2184:Parthian Long Sword
2090:Medieval and modern
1712:Basket-hilted sword
1636:Early modern period
1203:, pp. 172–173.
1018:Dean, Ross (2022).
948:on 10 February 2009
792:and its influences"
676:Elizabethan fencing
405:Scottish broadsword
278:down to the eve of
206:Scottish broadsword
89:basket-hilted sword
2608:Post-Classic stage
2241:Turko-Mongol Sabre
1689:Late modern period
1306:Robinson, Nathan.
914:Goodwin, William.
786:Robinson, Nathan.
464:
434:. You can help by
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252:
85:
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1391:978-1-84383-720-6
1287:on 31 August 2018
1226:978-1-84603-997-3
1218:Osprey Publishing
846:. Boydell Press.
756:, pp. 6, 29.
565:Gustavus Adolphus
563:from the time of
529:Thirty Years' War
489:Battle of Kringen
452:
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368:English Civil War
163:English Civil War
16:(Redirected from
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2631:Preah Khan Reach
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1328:. Archived from
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1308:"Walloon Swords"
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1283:. Archived from
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1462:historical era
1460:by region and
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1420:
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1400:
1399:External links
1397:
1396:
1395:
1390:
1370:
1366:978-1844150717
1365:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1332:on 11 May 2009
1317:
1298:
1272:
1261:Grandy, Bill.
1253:
1251:, p. 172.
1249:Oakeshott 1980
1241:
1205:
1201:Oakeshott 1980
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1102:978-1931464611
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853:978-0851157153
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823:. 26 July 2007
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415:Andrew Ferrara
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360:mortuary sword
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347:Mortuary sword
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313:Doge of Venice
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284:Jack Churchill
260:Napoleonic era
244:Jack Churchill
242:British Major
202:mortuary sword
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1312:myArmoury.com
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999:. 29 May 2008
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501:walloon sword
495:Walloon sword
492:
490:
486:
479:Sinclair hilt
476:
474:
468:
461:
456:
446:
443:February 2014
437:
433:
430:This section
428:
425:
421:
420:
416:
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402:
400:
396:
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387:
384:
380:
376:
371:
369:
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341:heavy cavalry
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199:
195:
194:Sinclair hilt
191:
186:
183:
182:
181:spada da lato
177:
176:
175:espada ropera
171:
166:
164:
160:
155:
153:
149:
148:heavy cavalry
139:
136:
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126:
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90:
82:
78:
73:
66:
62:
58:
53:
46:
41:
37:
33:
19:
2439:Dahong palay
2364:Parang Nabur
2344:Keris bahari
2296:Early period
2137:Central Asia
1727:Pistol sword
1711:
1611:Arming sword
1606:Viking sword
1377:
1356:
1349:Bibliography
1334:. Retrieved
1330:the original
1320:
1311:
1301:
1289:. Retrieved
1285:the original
1275:
1266:
1256:
1244:
1213:
1208:
1196:
1186:
1174:. Retrieved
1170:
1161:
1149:. Retrieved
1145:
1136:
1124:. Retrieved
1120:
1111:
1092:
1071:. Retrieved
1066:
1057:
1049:
1045:
1039:
1027:. Retrieved
1023:
1013:
1001:. Retrieved
996:
987:
975:. Retrieved
971:
962:
950:. Retrieved
946:the original
935:
923:. Retrieved
919:
894:. Retrieved
889:
880:
871:
862:
843:
837:
825:. Retrieved
820:
811:
799:. Retrieved
795:
789:
767:Korbschläger
761:
749:
737:
725:. Retrieved
721:
711:
691:Pata (sword)
651:
604:
561:Swedish army
557:
545:
508:
505:épée wallone
504:
500:
498:
482:
469:
465:
440:
436:adding to it
431:
392:
388:
372:
359:
357:
338:
327:
316:
300:
298:
253:
248:World War II
218:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
190:Walloon hilt
189:
187:
179:
173:
167:
156:
145:
135:Korbschläger
121:
113:
108:
95:type of the
88:
86:
76:
64:
60:
44:
36:
2660:Mesoamerica
2383:Philippines
2337:Late period
2135:Western and
1910:Bonguk geom
1894:Hwandudaedo
1806:Ming – Qing
1717:Small sword
1674:Swiss degen
1454:Sword types
997:Everything2
993:"Schiavona"
754:Martyn 2004
636:comb morion
549:knuckle-bow
525:Scandinavia
517:Switzerland
366:during the
305:Renaissance
280:World War I
274:and as the
225:small sword
2778:Categories
2674:Macuahuitl
2430:(Binangon)
2221:Arab sword
2144:Prehistory
2042:Shikomizue
1792:Hook sword
1654:Katzbalger
1644:Zweihänder
1504:Prehistory
952:23 October
925:4 December
920:My Armoury
890:My Armoury
827:9 February
801:4 December
796:My Armoury
703:References
379:death mask
256:backswords
210:pallasches
150:up to the
142:Morphology
117:backswords
109:broadsword
43:A typical
18:Broadsword
2555:Balisword
2454:Ginunting
2398:Balasiong
2391:Classical
2288:Indonesia
2006:Wakizashi
1828:Yanmaodao
1797:Zhanmadao
1659:Cinquedea
1616:Longsword
1578:Rhomphaia
1291:31 August
790:Schiavona
666:Backsword
318:Schiavoni
309:bodyguard
301:Schiavona
295:Schiavona
231:teaching
198:schiavona
159:Mary Rose
61:schiavona
45:schiavona
2721:Mainland
2711:Acinaces
2640:Thailand
2624:Cambodia
2583:Mainland
2514:Sansibar
2474:Karambit
2464:Kampilan
2428:Binagong
2418:Batangas
2403:Bangkung
2231:Shamshir
2226:Scimitar
2179:Acinaces
1985:Nagamaki
1823:Changdao
1813:Liuyedao
1785:Medieval
1737:Spadroon
1626:Falchion
1621:Claymore
1563:Makhaira
1376:(1980),
1233:Archived
1220:, 2010,
821:BBC News
671:Claymore
660:See also
509:haudegen
460:painting
383:mortuary
290:Subtypes
221:duelling
105:quillons
63:, from
57:quillons
2734:Kaskara
2706:Khopesh
2570:Tenegre
2565:Hagibis
2529:Talibon
2524:Susuwat
2519:Sundang
2509:Sanduko
2489:Panabas
2354:Sundang
2349:Klewang
2274:Kindjal
2246:Yatagan
2198:Falcata
2156:Khopesh
2102:Kastane
2097:Firangi
2064:Ancient
2037:NinjatĹŤ
1980:Kodachi
1954:Tsurugi
1949:ChokutĹŤ
1915:Wungeom
1849:Miaodao
1764:Ancient
1732:Shashka
1707:Cutlass
1679:Colhona
1558:Falcata
1544:Gladius
1516:Khopesh
654:(1799).
537:rapiers
533:Baroque
527:in the
513:Germany
364:cavalry
334:fullers
330:rapiers
311:of the
2759:Takoba
2754:Billao
2749:Shotel
2744:Flyssa
2739:Nimcha
2692:Africa
2679:Macana
2504:Pinuti
2494:Parang
2484:Laring
2449:Gayang
2423:Bicuco
2413:Barong
2408:Banyal
2318:Balato
2313:Parang
2308:Niabor
2303:Mandau
2189:Xiphos
2112:Pulwar
2107:Talwar
2081:Aruval
2071:Khanda
2011:Katana
1975:ĹŚdachi
1837:Modern
1697:Rapier
1568:Spatha
1549:Xiphos
1497:Europe
1388:
1363:
1336:4 July
1224:
1176:28 May
1151:28 May
1126:28 May
1099:
1073:11 May
1069:. 2024
1029:12 May
1003:12 May
977:12 May
896:12 May
892:. 2024
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