1092:"And as it is free to anyone to renounce his right and transfer it to another, all the right which is publicly known to pertain to us in the said kingdom as its true heirs, we have given and granted to him by our letters patent, and in order that he may do therein judgment and justice and equity which through default of the prince have utterly failed therein, we have unanimously established and set him up as our king and lord in our kingdom aforesaid, for in our judgment and the common judgment of men he is pious and prudent, humble and chaste, exceedingly temperate, in all things sedate and moderate, and possessing power (God on high be praised) to snatch us mightily from the house of bondage with the help of God and our own justice, and very willing to render to everyone what is due to him of right, and above all is ready to restore entirely to the Church in Ireland the possessions and liberties of which she was damnably despoiled, and he intends to grant greater liberties than ever otherwise she has been wont to have".
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817:) and west (also by the Earl of Ulster) of TĂr EĂłgain and to retain his lands, he and some twelve of his vassals and allies jointly asked for aid from Scotland. The Bruce brothers agreed, on condition that Edward would be supported as King of Ireland. The brothers envisaged themselves as separate rulers of Scotland and Ireland. Robert would regain Man and Edward possibly make an attack on Wales, with Welsh support. Their vision included "a grand Gaelic alliance against England" between Scotland and Ireland, both countries having a common heritage, language and culture.
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990:. Bruce and Ă“ NĂ©ill sacked and burned Coleraine, threw down the bridge over the river Bann and faced off de Burgh's pursuing army on the opposite bank. While both sides now were experiencing shortages of food and supplies, Bruce and Ă“ NĂ©ill could at least draw support from local lords such as Ă“ Cathain and Ă“ Floinn. Mindful of this, de Burgh eventually withdrew back forty miles to Antrim, while Butler had to return to Ormond due to lack of supplies.
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982:. The Scots-Irish army was located at Inniskeen, ten miles north. In between Sliabh Breagh and Inniskeen was the village of Louth. De Burgh moved his army north of Louth and set up camp while his cousin, William Liath de Burgh attempted to ambush Bruce's forces. While some skirmishing did result in a number of Scots deaths, Bruce refused to give battle and instead, with the Ă“ NĂ©ill, retreated northwards to
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1021:, i.e., a fight – garrisoned Nobber on the 30th, and advanced to Kells, where he was met by Mortimer. Mortimer had managed to raise a large force consisting both of his Anglo-Irish and Gaelic vassals, in addition to forces of other magnates. At the same time, Bruce was reinforced by Moray who had returned from Scotland with around five hundred fresh troops and supplies. The
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followed: De Burgh found himself deprived of not two but three allies and their armies when his kinsman, Walter mac Walter
Cattach Burke deserted back to Connacht at the head of several hundred men, probably to guard his own estates from the upcoming conflict. Thus, when in August, Bruce and his men crossed the Bann (in four ships supplied by Scots sea captain,
1169:
trilogy, the campaign, and particularly Robert's visit to
Ireland to support his brother, are described at significant length. Edward Bruce is shown as out of his depth during his invasion of Ireland; there may be some truth in this, although the novel could exaggerate his lack of competence and the
1025:
was fought on the sixth or seventh of
November, with Mortimer being decisively defeated by Bruce. Mortimer was forced to retreat to Dublin while his lieutenant, Walter Cusack, held out at Trim. He almost immediately set sail for England to urge Edward II for reinforcements. At the same time, Governor
993:
In addition to this, Bruce sent separate messages both to King Felim and a rival dynast, Cathal Ua
Conchobair, promising to support them if they withdrew. Cathal managed to return to Connacht and had himself proclaimed king, leaving Felim with no choice but to return to put down his rebellion. Worse
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but because of its narrowness Ulster armies had frequently ambushed and been ambushed at the pass. Here he was met by Mac
Duilechain of Clanbrassil and Mac Artain of Iveagh, both of whom had submitted to him at Carrickfergus. Their attempted ambush ended in their defeat and the army pressed on,
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to invade
Ireland. There have been several theories as to the motives behind Bruce's campaign in Ireland. One theory proposed for the invasion of Ireland was to drain England of men, materials and finance and even to exploit the resources in Ireland for Scotland's benefit, a second front in the
851:. As King Robert did not yet have a legitimate son, Edward was proclaimed his legal heir and successor as King of Scots and all other titles in case of his death. Edward's invasion fleet also mustered there, having received calls to assemble as far back as at least the previous month.
1087:"And that we may be able to attain our purpose more speedily and fitly in this respect, we call to our help and assistance Edward de Bruyis, illustrious earl of Carrick, brother of Robert by the grace of God most illustrious king of the Scots, who is sprung from our noblest ancestors.
1057:, consuming its supplies entirely and before leaving, razing it to the ground. The only manors left alone belonged to Irish lords intimidated to join him, or that of a junior branch of the de Lacy family who in an effort to gain lands voluntarily joined him.
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have long been evident. The
Declaration of Arbroath was likewise sent to Pope John XXII complaining of mistreatment at English hands. Historian Sean Duffy argues that the author of the Declaration relied heavily on the text of the Remonstrance.
1002:, where on either the first or ninth of September a charge by the Scots-Irish led to his defeat. William Liath was captured and taken as hostage to Scotland by Moray who arrived there on 15 September 1315 to raise more troops,
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took the hostages and lordship of the whole province of Ulster without opposition and they consented to him being proclaimed King of
Ireland and all the Gaels of Ireland agreed to grant him lordship and they called him King of
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824:, received news from Irish sources around this time that an invasion was about to take place, and made his way to Ireland, where he held land mainly in and around the castle and town of
794:, as England relied heavily on Ireland for resources and deprive the English of Irish tax revenues contributing to the war effort. This became critical when King Robert's control of the
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was lost to Norman-backed Scots in
January 1315, opening a threat to the south and southwest of Scotland, and also reopening up a potential source of aid to England from the
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813:(Tyrone), Domnall mac Brian Ă“ NĂ©ill (Donall Ă“ NĂ©ill). Ă“ NĂ©ill had been troubled by Norman incursions to the southeast (the de Verdons), the east (tenants of the
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began to take drastic action to defend Dublin from Bruce, such as levelling entire tenements and churches to use the stones to reinforce their walls.
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951:. The town, another possession of the de Verdon's, was almost totally destroyed with its population, both Anglo-Irish and Gaelic, massacred alike.
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affected
Ireland also, and disease became widespread in his army, causing it to shrink, and he was defeated and killed at the end of 1318 at the
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Finally apprised of the seriousness of the situation, Edward II had on 1 September ordered an assembly of the leading Anglo-Irish, which met at
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698:, Robert the Bruce decided to expand his war against the English by sending an army under his younger brother Edward to invade Ireland. Some
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in Dublin in late October, but no decisive action was taken. On 13 November, Bruce marched further south via Dundalk – where, incredibly,
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After several years of mobile warfare, Bruce and his allies failed to hold areas that they had conquered. His army fed itself by
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leaders also asked him to send an army to help drive the Anglo-Normans out of Ireland, offering to crown his brother
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On 26 May 1315 Edward and his fleet (and more than 5,000 men) landed on the Irish coast at points at and between
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and some twelve fellow northern Kings and lords met Edward Bruce at Carrickfergus and swore fealty to him as
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in 1155 and indirectly ruled much of the eastern part of the island. The country was divided between the
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When Ă“ NĂ©ill approved of conditions for himself and on behalf of his vassals, preparations began.
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1053:(Annaly), the lordship of Gaelic lord O Hanely. Bruce spent Christmas at de Verdon's manor of
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In July, two separate armies opposing Bruce met and assembled at Sliabh Breagh, south of
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The invasion of 1315 also forms the backdrop of a series of novels by Tim Hodkinson,
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This campaign has sometimes been dealt with briefly or not at all in accounts of the
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In late June, Edward proceeded with his army from Carrickfergus along Magh Line (
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At this point Bruce directly or indirectly ruled much of eastern and mid-Ulster.
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for the Western Isles with his son-in-law Walter Stewart, to subjugate them till
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in return. Another reason for the expedition was that supporters of the exiled
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891:. Subsequently, the Scots managed to take the town, though not the castle, of
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De Burgh retreated back to Connacht, while other Anglo-Irish took refuge in
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and mentioning Edward as King of Ireland. Pope John ignored the request.
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destroying de Verdon's fortress of Castleroache, and on 29 June attacked
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The Greatest Traitor: The Life of Sir Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March
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Robert the Bruce's Irish Wars: The Invasions of Ireland 1306–1329
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The Brus; from a collation of the Cambridge and Edinburgh manuscripts
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had claimed a right to take control of Ireland by the papal document
741:(Rory O'Conor) who had been deposed by his son in 1186. Further, the
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The campaign effectively ended with Edward's defeat and death in the
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1349:"The Irish Remonstrance: Prototype for the Declaration of Arbroath"
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1073:, with the support of Edward's Irish allies sent a remonstrance to
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After sacking and burning Kells, Bruce proceeded to do the same to
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Shama, Simon, "Invasions of Ireland from 1170–1320", BBC – History
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Edward faced by an army led by vassals and confederates of the
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Similarities exist between the 1317 Remonstrance and the 1320
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873:"all the isles, great and small, were brought to his will."
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high king; however, he was defeated by the Normans at the
2425:
1318:"Chronology of Key Events in Irish History, 1169 to 1799"
1113:, which caused increasing unpopularity. The pan-European
840:
1854:
List of World Heritage Sites in the Republic of Ireland
1190:
Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland
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where he was taken prisoner and freed to return King
387:
1584:
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
1333:"Remonstrance of the Irish Chiefs to Pope John XXII"
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dynasties that survived the Norman invasion and the
1392:. New York Public Library. Aberdeen, Spalding club.
1947:List of national parks of the Republic of Ireland
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1238:
1236:
828:. He had previously fought against the Bruces at
655:was a three-year military campaign in Ireland by
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2793:Association football in the Republic of Ireland
1140:The campaign is described in books 14 to 16 of
765:In 1258 some of the Gaelic aristocrats elected
671:in 1315 to his defeat and death in 1318 at the
1233:
77:Victory for the English and their Irish allies
1427:
809:Added to this was a request for aid from the
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867:, and Glendrum. His brother had sailed from
1556:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
970:. The second consisted of forces raised in
2979:Public holidays in the Republic of Ireland
1434:
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785:, King of Scots, sent his younger brother
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39:
1302:Joyce, P.W., "Edward Bruce (1315–1318)",
924:"Innermallan"/"Enderwillane"/Imberdiolan"
687:, and the conflict between the Irish and
2798:Association football in Northern Ireland
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1994:Demographics of the Republic of Ireland
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998:), de Burgh retreated still further to
964:Richard Ă“g de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster
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1170:differences between the two brothers.
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739:Ruaidri mac Tairrdelbach Ua Conchobair
45:The Lordship of Ireland (pink) c. 1300
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1874:
1480:
1415:
1407:The Annals of Ulster (UCC.ie / celt)
1346:
1335:. Corpus of Electronic Texts Edition.
1325:
906:. The Irish annals state that Bruce "
712:competitors for the Crown of Scotland
361:
3090:Military campaigns involving England
1290:
1252:
966:and his ally, the King of Connacht,
1310:
926:in contemporary accounts – between
854:
13:
2023:Tourism in the Republic of Ireland
1798:Economy of the Republic of Ireland
1596:Irish Free State (1922–1937)
1441:
1137:, but there are a few exceptions.
843:on 26 April 1315, just across the
822:Roger Mortimer, 3rd Baron Mortimer
681:First War of Scottish Independence
33:First War of Scottish Independence
14:
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1808:Post-2008 Irish economic downturn
1400:
1196:Annals of Ireland 1162–1370
1104:
836:'s royal seal, lost in the rout.
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1977:Tallest buildings and structures
1347:Duffy, Seán (13 December 2022).
667:. It lasted from his landing at
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1019:"some gave them the right hand"
839:The Scottish Parliament met at
59:(3 years, 4 months and 18 days)
1813:Post-2008 Irish banking crisis
1379:
1340:
1278:. History Ireland. 31 May 1916
1268:
1004:"his ships filled with booty."
889:Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray
1:
1875:
1163:The Price of the King's Peace
1135:Wars of Scottish Independence
57:26 May 1315 – 14 October 1318
2878:Northern Ireland flags issue
2054:
1829:List of conflicts in Ireland
1573:Southern Ireland (1921–1922)
1304:A Concise History of Ireland
1226:
1150:, for his principle patron,
968:Felim mac Aedh Ua Conchobair
16:Medieval campaign in Ireland
7:
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1849:Gaelic clothing and fashion
1481:
1337:Retrieved on 23 March 2022.
1322:Retrieved on 23 March 2022.
729:By the early 14th century,
10:
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3085:Ireland–Scotland relations
1353:Scottish Historical Review
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918:), burning Rathmore, near
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1129:Representation in fiction
1115:Great Famine of 1315–1317
694:After his victory at the
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26:Bruce campaign in Ireland
25:
1165:, the third part of his
392:of Scottish Independence
274:Sir Thomas de Mandeville
2970:Prostitution (Republic)
1098:Declaration of Arbroath
714:, had fled to Ireland.
328:c. 3,000 men (Connacht)
325:c. 6,000 men (Scotland)
3060:Wars involving Ireland
1839:List of Irish kingdoms
1386:Barbour, John (1856).
898:In early June, Donall
879:, the de Mandevilles,
331:c. 1,400 men (Breifne)
185:Commanders and leaders
3080:Invasions by Scotland
3070:Rebellions in Ireland
2946:Mass media (Republic)
2890:National coat of arms
1778:IRA Northern Campaign
1365:10.3366/shr.2022.0576
1222:, Ian Mortimer, 2004.
1152:Robert II of Scotland
1144:, 1375–77, epic poem
1077:asking him to revoke
958:. One was led out of
771:Battle of Downpatrick
725:Historical background
696:Battle of Bannockburn
679:. It was part of the
638:Edinburgh–Northampton
344:Casualties and losses
3075:Invasions of Ireland
2868:County coats of arms
2760:List of Irish people
1834:List of Irish tribes
1684:Cromwellian conquest
1670:Plantation of Ulster
1601:Ireland (since 1922)
1061:Remonstrance of 1317
1008:Carrickfergus Castle
881:Bissets of the Glens
704:High King of Ireland
334:300 Ships (Scotland)
2983:in Northern Ireland
2974:in Northern Ireland
2715:Legendary creatures
2628:Traditional singing
2464:Saint Patrick's Day
2099:Republic of Ireland
2028:Tourist attractions
2013:ROI–UK border
1998:of Northern Ireland
1951:in Northern Ireland
1783:IRA Border Campaign
1758:War of Independence
1728:Second Great Famine
1713:Act of Union (1800)
1665:Flight of the Earls
1522:Lordship of Ireland
1457:Republic of Ireland
1320:. CAIN Web Service.
1216:, Sean Duffy, 2004.
1192:, GWS Barrow, 1976.
777:Invasion of Ireland
760:Lordship of Ireland
743:Plantagenet dynasty
545:Invasion of Ireland
539:Ireland (1315–1318)
269:Richard Ă“g de Burgh
213:Fedlim Ă“ Conchobair
177:Lordship of Ireland
99:Kingdom of Scotland
3020:Ireland portal
2338:Skirts and kidneys
1844:List of High Kings
1763:Anglo-Irish Treaty
1703:First Great Famine
1688:Settlement of 1652
1660:Tyrone's Rebellion
1650:Desmond Rebellions
1539:Kingdom of Ireland
1175:Lions of the Grail
1119:Battle of Faughart
811:King of TĂr EĂłgain
719:Battle of Faughart
673:Battle of Faughart
604:Great Raid of 1322
309:Maurice FitzGerald
289:John de Bermingham
165:Kingdom of England
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1276:"History Ireland"
1246:"Annála Connacht"
978:by the Justicier
900:Ă“ NĂ©ill of Tyrone
861:Olderfleet Castle
659:, brother of the
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247:Donnchad Ă“ Briain
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783:Robert the Bruce
708:House of Balliol
665:Robert the Bruce
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211:
204:
194:
175:
162:
161:
96:
95:
51:
50:
43:
23:
22:
3105:
3104:
3100:
3099:
3098:
3096:
3095:
3094:
3030:
3029:
3028:
3023:
3014:
3012:
2997:
2965:outside Ireland
2936:Historic houses
2904:
2885:Irish Wolfhound
2856:Brighid's Cross
2842:
2813:Gaelic handball
2808:Gaelic football
2779:
2750:Hiberno-Normans
2719:
2632:
2580:
2535:
2516:Hiberno-English
2502:
2447:
2408:
2362:
2268:
2247:
2190:
2172:
2162:
2152:
2093:
2084:Ulster loyalism
2058:
2037:
1955:
1879:
1858:
1817:
1743:Dublin lock-out
1679:Confederate War
1630:Norman invasion
1617:Battles of Tara
1605:
1561:1801–1923
1549:1691–1800
1544:1536–1691
1532:1169–1536
1485:
1472:
1448:
1440:
1403:
1398:
1397:
1384:
1380:
1345:
1341:
1331:
1330:
1326:
1316:
1315:
1311:
1300:
1291:
1281:
1279:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1262:
1253:
1244:
1243:
1234:
1229:
1210:, London, 1789.
1186:
1131:
1107:
1063:
1023:Battle of Kells
936:Kingdom of Mide
904:King of Ireland
857:
800:Hiberno-Normans
779:
727:
649:
648:
647:
642:
523:Pass of Brander
456:Stirling Castle
436:Stirling Bridge
395:
391:
388:
386:
313:
249:
240:
234:
223:
217:
206:
200:
167:
159:
93:
69:
58:
44:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3103:
3093:
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3087:
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3072:
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3010:
3007:
3006:
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2999:
2998:
2996:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2976:
2967:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2931:Heritage Sites
2928:
2923:
2918:
2912:
2910:
2906:
2905:
2903:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
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2865:
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2820:
2815:
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2800:
2795:
2789:
2787:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2755:Irish diaspora
2752:
2747:
2746:
2745:
2743:Gaelic Ireland
2735:
2729:
2727:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2717:
2712:
2705:
2698:
2691:
2684:
2677:
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2663:
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2640:
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2518:
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2504:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2495:
2486:
2484:Rose of Tralee
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2455:
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2449:
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2300:
2295:
2293:List of dishes
2289:
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2280:
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2257:
2256:
2253:
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2249:
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2240:
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2211:
2209:D'Hondt method
2200:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2188:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2176:
2170:Seanad Éireann
2166:
2146:
2141:
2136:
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2134:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2103:
2101:
2095:
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2047:
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2036:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1980:
1979:
1974:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1953:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1910:Extreme points
1907:
1902:
1900:Climate change
1897:
1891:
1889:
1881:
1880:
1868:
1867:
1864:
1863:
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1810:
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1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
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1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1718:1803 Rebellion
1715:
1710:
1708:1798 Rebellion
1705:
1700:
1695:
1693:Williamite War
1690:
1681:
1675:1641 Rebellion
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1655:Spanish Armada
1652:
1647:
1645:Tudor conquest
1642:
1637:
1635:Bruce campaign
1632:
1627:
1613:
1611:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1592:
1591:
1581:
1580:(1921–present)
1575:
1570:
1568:Irish Republic
1565:
1564:
1563:
1553:
1552:
1551:
1546:
1536:
1535:
1534:
1529:
1527:800–1169
1518:Gaelic Ireland
1515:
1510:
1505:
1499:
1497:
1487:
1486:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1470:
1462:
1453:
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1449:
1439:
1438:
1431:
1424:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1402:
1401:External links
1399:
1396:
1395:
1378:
1359:(3): 395–428.
1339:
1324:
1309:
1306:, Dublin, 1909
1289:
1267:
1251:
1231:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1223:
1217:
1211:
1204:William Camden
1193:
1185:
1182:
1179:The Waste Land
1142:John Barbour's
1130:
1127:
1106:
1105:Defeat in 1318
1103:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1088:
1075:Pope John XXII
1071:King of Tyrone
1062:
1059:
1041:, Finnea, the
1032:John de Hothum
916:Six Mile Water
883:, Logans, and
877:Earl of Ulster
856:
853:
815:Earl of Ulster
778:
775:
767:Brian Ua NĂ©ill
757:Hiberno-Norman
733:had not had a
726:
723:
653:Bruce campaign
644:
643:
641:
640:
635:
630:
624:
623:
619:
618:
613:
612:
611:
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284:Roger Mortimer
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104:Irish kingdoms
88:
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3022:
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2994:
2991:
2989:
2988:Public houses
2986:
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2699:
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2258:
2244:
2243:Peace process
2241:
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2201:
2199:
2197:
2193:
2187:
2184:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2173:(upper house)
2171:
2167:
2165:
2163:(lower house)
2161:
2157:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2133:
2130:
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2123:
2120:
2118:
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2110:
2108:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2096:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2079:Republicanism
2077:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2052:
2048:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1958:
1952:
1948:
1945:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
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1921:
1918:
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1911:
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1796:
1794:
1793:Peace process
1791:
1789:
1786:
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1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1773:The Emergency
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1753:Easter Rising
1751:
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1738:Fenian Rising
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1514:
1513:Early history
1511:
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1208:Richard Gough
1205:
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1194:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1181:
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1176:
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1168:
1164:
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1159:Nigel Tranter
1155:
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1045:monastery of
1044:
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1029:
1028:Bishop of Ely
1024:
1020:
1016:
1011:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
991:
989:
985:
981:
980:Edmund Butler
977:
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893:Carrickfergus
890:
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845:North Channel
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689:Anglo-Normans
686:
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628:Auld Alliance
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2941:Homelessness
2860:
2828:Road bowling
2823:Martial arts
2770:Ulster Scots
2707:
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2651:Mythological
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2531:Ulster Scots
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2358:Three-in-One
2169:
2160:Dáil Éireann
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2107:Constitution
1996: /
1967:Architecture
1949: /
1822:Other topics
1803:Celtic Tiger
1788:The Troubles
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1508:Protohistory
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1080:Laudabiliter
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787:Edward Bruce
780:
764:
748:Laudabiliter
746:
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700:native Irish
693:
677:County Louth
657:Edward Bruce
652:
650:
544:
498:Loudoun Hill
235:
218:
201:
196:Edward Bruce
157:
126:West Breifne
116:TĂr Chonaill
102:
91:
86:Belligerents
18:
2961:Place names
2838:Rugby union
2733:Anglo-Irish
2618:Instruments
2474:The Twelfth
2438:Set dancing
2238:LGBT rights
2144:LGBT rights
2074:Nationalism
1640:Black Death
1049:and raided
920:Antrim town
830:Bannockburn
796:Isle of Man
792:ongoing war
594:2nd Berwick
533:Bannockburn
409:1st Berwick
111:TĂr Eoghain
3034:Categories
2862:Cláirseach
2765:Travellers
2623:Rock music
2606:Folk music
2541:Literature
2343:Soda bread
2226:Government
2153:parliament
2150:Oireachtas
2127:Government
2067:Ideologies
1698:Penal Laws
1589:since 1922
1503:Prehistory
1055:Loughsewdy
1043:Cistercian
1015:Parliament
996:Thomas Dun
609:Old Byland
589:Skaithmuir
550:Moiry Pass
493:Glen Trool
2993:Squatting
2709:Fomorians
2638:Mythology
2508:Languages
2493:Halloween
2469:Bealtaine
2452:Festivals
2443:Stepdance
2348:Spice Bag
2333:Irish fry
2323:Colcannon
2298:Barmbrack
2221:Education
2179:President
2117:Education
2033:Transport
2008:Provinces
1930:Mountains
1905:Coastline
1877:Geography
1768:Civil War
1723:Tithe War
1373:254676295
1227:Footnotes
1200:Britannia
1161:'s novel
1111:pillaging
1065:In 1317,
1047:Abbeylara
984:Coleraine
909:Ireland."
834:Edward II
773:in 1260.
735:high king
721:in 1318.
578:1315–1327
518:River Dee
508:Inverurie
488:Turnberry
483:Loch Ryan
467:1306–1314
420:1297–1304
390:First War
339:c. 20,000
121:AirgĂalla
2951:Monastic
2916:Calendar
2900:Shamrock
2895:Red Hand
2833:Rounders
2498:Wren Day
2432:Sean-nĂłs
2384:Guinness
2328:Drisheen
2204:Assembly
2186:Taxation
2089:Unionism
2056:Politics
1989:Counties
1733:Land War
1625:Clontarf
1621:Glenmama
1495:Timeline
1147:The Brus
976:Leinster
960:Connacht
940:Leinster
781:In 1315
710:, rival
683:against
661:Scottish
622:Treaties
616:Weardale
584:Carlisle
570:Faughart
565:Skerries
528:Roxburgh
461:Earnside
318:Strength
146:UĂ Maine
131:Connacht
64:Location
31:Part of
2921:Castles
2848:Symbols
2818:Hurling
2803:Camogie
2702:Firbolg
2688:Immrama
2681:Echtrai
2611:session
2594:Ballads
2571:Theatre
2560:Gaeilge
2554:Fiction
2489:Samhain
2404:Whiskey
2278:Cuisine
2266:Culture
2216:Economy
2112:Economy
1920:Islands
1895:Climate
1888:Natural
1483:History
1443:Ireland
1184:Sources
1051:Angaile
1039:Granard
972:Munster
949:Dundalk
944:Munster
932:Dundalk
885:Savages
869:Tarbert
806:Irish.
731:Ireland
685:England
633:Corbeil
478:Dalrigh
473:Methven
451:Happrew
441:Falkirk
352:unknown
349:unknown
236:†
219:†
202:†
141:Desmond
136:Thomond
68:Ireland
2926:Cinema
2725:People
2674:Aos SĂ
2661:Ulster
2656:Fenian
2646:Cycles
2576:Triads
2566:Poetry
2549:Annals
2526:Shelta
2479:LĂşnasa
2459:Imbolc
2394:PoitĂn
2374:Coffee
2367:Drinks
2318:Coddle
1984:Cities
1935:Rivers
1925:Loughs
1610:Events
1468:topics
1460:topics
1446:topics
1371:
1282:31 May
1206:; ed.
1069:, the
1000:Connor
988:Armagh
849:Antrim
804:Gaelic
753:Gaelic
737:since
555:Connor
513:Buchan
503:Slioch
446:Roslin
426:Lanark
414:Dunbar
232:
215:
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163:
151:Tethba
97:
74:Result
2956:Names
2909:Other
2873:Flags
2785:Sport
2738:Gaels
2666:Kings
2600:CĂ©ilĂ
2586:Music
2521:Irish
2418:Dance
2379:Cream
2313:Champ
2308:Boxty
2231:local
2132:local
2018:Towns
2003:Ports
1960:Human
1915:Fauna
1369:S2CID
956:Ardee
928:Newry
865:Larne
847:from
669:Larne
663:king
599:Myton
560:Kells
431:Scone
2775:Yola
2389:Mist
2353:Stew
2286:Food
1940:list
1284:2021
1177:and
986:via
974:and
942:and
930:and
826:Trim
802:and
651:The
403:1296
54:Date
2426:Jig
2399:Tea
2139:Law
1361:doi
1357:101
1202:by
1198:in
1157:In
1121:in
962:by
863:at
841:Ayr
675:in
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