50:
193:
Although
Hadrianus is sometimes said to have been "fluctuating between the parties of Cinna and Sulla", it is unclear what facts indicate support of Sulla. As both Cicero and Valerius Maximus note, the Sullan regime established that same year took no action in the matter, even though the legitimate
605:(Routledge, 2002), p. 138, cautions that despite Orosius’s originality and strengths as an interpreter of his source material, “his recounting of the facts is often unimpressive.” In this case, however, the possibility cannot be discounted that Orosius, who visited and studied with
542:
Sic iste multo sceleratior et nequior quam ille
Hadrianus aliquanto etiam felicior fuit. Ille, quod eius avaritiam cives Romani ferre non potuerunt, Uticae domi suae vivus exustus est, idque ita illi merito accidisse existimatum est ut laetarentur omnes neque ulla animadversio
86:
of Africa and a partisan of Sulla. An alternative view is that
Metellus did not hold a legitimate governorship, but was attempting to seize power in Africa in 84 when Hadrianus held a duly appointed office. Since Hadrianus began his term during the last consulship of
189:
echoes Cicero's account closely: “After
Hadrianus antagonized the Roman citizens settled at Utica with his sleazy governance and consequently was burned alive by them, no inquest was held at Rome to investigate the matter, nor did anyone bother to file a complaint.”
204:
seems to contradict both Cicero and
Valerius, claiming that Hadrianus was burned alive with his entire household because he had fomented rebellion among the slaves of Africa, whose masters apparently reacted with firewood and homicidal arson. The
164:
Hadrianus: because Roman citizens could not tolerate his greed, he was burned alive in his own house at Utica. What happened to him was considered so well-deserved that everybody was happy about it and no official inquiry was
572:
cum enim
Adrianus civis Romanos, qui Uticae consistebant, sordido imperio vexasset idcircoque ab his vivus esset exustus, nec quaestio ulla in urbe hac de re habita nec querella versata est.
220:
Even if
Hadrianus was not among those proscribed, his death as a Cinnan holdover was timely. He was succeeded as governor of Africa by the most famous of Sulla's henchmen and supporters,
599:
Fabius vero
Hadrianus, cui imperium pro praetore erat, regnum Africae servorum manu adfectans, a dominis eorum apud Uticam congestis sarmentis cum omni familia vivus incensus est
41:
in 83–82. He is known primarily for the sensational circumstances of his death: during an uprising, the governor's residence was set on fire and
Hadrianus was burned alive.
194:
governor of a major province had been killed. Both sources state that the violence in Utica was instigated not by
Africans rebelling against Rome, but by Roman citizens (
440:
584:
675:
For the legal status of Pompey’s command in Africa, see Ronald T. Ridley, “The Extraordinary Commands of the Late Republic: A Matter of Definition,”
423:
715:
224:; at age 24, Pompey had not held the offices prerequisite to a governorship, but having declared the primacy of sword over law, he
317:
120:, a rival for the Numidian kingship, and succeeded in temporarily ousting Hiempsal, who hid out with Metellus and his men in
156:, Cicero makes a threatening comparison to Hadrianus and the manner of his death, saying that the defendant was even worse:
152:’s characterization of Hadrianus likely colored the view of historians who came later. In the course of his prosecution of
160:
So you see, this man is by far guiltier and more worthless, even though he has been somewhat luckier than Hadrianus. Yes,
213:, factually or not, of resorting to slaves to apply violence, and the killing might best be viewed in the context of the
67:
Next to nothing is known of the early career of Hadrianus. He has been identified with the C. Fabius Hadrianus who was a
17:
136:), he was killed when the official residence was set on fire. The sources uniformly emphasize that he was burned alive.
735:
730:
79:
128:. The actions of Hadrianus incurred the enmity of the pro-Sullan upper classes in Africa. During an uprising in
710:
705:
695:
720:
225:
214:
38:
365:
88:
647:, vol. 2 (New York 1952), p. 74, note 7, and p. 77. At the time, Pompey had not yet added the
700:
463:
8:
488:
2.1.70; Livy, Periocha 86; Orosius (5.20.3) extends this death to the entire household:
606:
516:
270:
5.20), but is generally corrected to Fabius, as in the 1889 edition of C. Zangemeister
145:
337:
254:
196:
567:
472:
458:
296:
232:
allies. Pompey remained in Africa till 79, when he claimed his controversial first
186:
663:
271:
228:
the Marians, a contingent of whom were still occupying Africa, along with their
148:
called him "beastly." A chronological examination of the sources indicates that
725:
610:
263:
201:
129:
117:
83:
689:
405:
Charles T. Barlow, "The Roman Government and the Roman Economy, 92–80 B.C.,"
288:
233:
176:
102:
259:
113:
185:, the official residence of the governor. The 1st-century AD historian
181:
121:
453:
210:
175:, “house,” which directs attention away from Hadrianus's status as a
125:
93:
649:
384:
344:
284:
229:
133:
109:
98:
68:
34:
53:
Coin issued by C. Fabius Hadrianus in 102 BC, depicting the god
448:
348:
221:
153:
149:
58:
49:
171:
54:
333:
144:
Hadrianus's tenure was remembered for greed and harshness.
523:
by A.J.N. Wilson (Manchester University Press, 1966),
78:
Following his praetorship in 84, Hadrianus forced out
75:) in 102 BC; several examples of his coins are known.
585:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
437:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
521:
Emigration from Italy in the Republican Age of Rome
368:and the Monuments: Studies in His Public Persona,"
420:The Age of Cinna: Crucible of Late Republican Rome
687:
303:, vol. 2 (New York 1952), pp. 60, 64, 69, 562.
91:, he is usually considered in league with the
316:, vol. 1 (Cambridge University Press, 1987),
422:(Franz Steiner Verlag, 2002), pp. 75 and 95
101:from Africa to the cause of Cinna and the
139:
97:. His governorship would have redirected
44:
447:, vol. 2 (New York 1952), p. 69, citing
332:, vol. 2 (New York 1952), p. 60, citing
48:
14:
716:Assassinated ancient Roman politicians
688:
679:30 (1981) 280–297, especially p. 281.
645:The Magistrates of the Roman Republic
445:The Magistrates of the Roman Republic
330:The Magistrates of the Roman Republic
301:The Magistrates of the Roman Republic
490:cum omni familia vivus incensus est.
27:Roman senator and governor of Africa
613:”), had access to sources now lost.
24:
601:. David Rohrbacher, "Orosius," in
556:in praetorio suo vivus exustus est
25:
747:
295:(1909, reprinted 1967), cited in
603:The Historians of Late Antiquity
669:
656:
637:
616:
591:
576:
561:
548:
530:
510:
494:
478:
429:
412:
399:
375:
358:
322:
306:
277:
246:
13:
1:
407:American Journal of Philology
394:American Journal of Philology
239:
179:; Livy calls it properly the
62:(Classical Numismatics Group)
37:in 84 BC and governor of the
7:
664:Pompey, "Sicily and Africa"
396:98 (1977), p. 297, note 39.
372:49 (2000), p. 188, note 87.
10:
752:
215:Sullan proscriptions of 82
209:were often accused by the
736:Roman Republican praetors
731:Roman governors of Africa
236:for his victories there.
626:35.5, 41.2, 42.2, 43.3;
622:For instance, Plutarch,
609:in Africa (see article “
588:, vol. 2 (1849), p. 323.
525:Journal of Roman Studies
381:Charles T. Barlow, "The
364:Christopher S. Mackay, "
314:Roman Republican Coinage
283:Orosius, 5.20.3; Pseudo-
124:under the protection of
116:. Hadrianus allied with
39:Roman province of Africa
443:and T.R.S. Broughton,
287:241 in the edition of
167:
140:Politics and character
112:and the protection of
64:
45:A controversial career
31:Gaius Fabius Hadrianus
711:1st-century BC Romans
706:2nd-century BC Romans
696:2nd-century BC births
464:Bibliotheca historica
312:Michael H. Crawford,
169:Cicero uses the word
158:
82:, his predecessor as
52:
653:Magnus, "the Great."
507:(Livy, Periocha 86).
262:in some editions of
200:). At first glance,
554:Livy, Periocha 86:
409:101 (1980), p. 209.
18:C. Fabius Hadrianus
643:T.R.S. Broughton,
527:57 (1967), p. 257.
517:A.N. Sherwin-White
457:2.1.70 and 5.94;
328:T.R.S. Broughton,
211:conservative elite
146:A.N. Sherwin-White
65:
57:and the prow of a
630:5.5; see Lovano,
597:Orosius, 5.20.3:
439:, vol. 2 (1849),
108:Metellus fled to
16:(Redirected from
743:
721:Deaths from fire
680:
673:
667:
660:
654:
641:
635:
632:The Age of Cinna
620:
614:
595:
589:
580:
574:
568:Valerius Maximus
565:
559:
552:
546:
534:
528:
514:
508:
498:
492:
482:
476:
473:Valerius Maximus
433:
427:
418:Michael Lovano,
416:
410:
403:
397:
379:
373:
362:
356:
326:
320:
310:
304:
297:T.R.S. Broughton
281:
275:
250:
187:Valerius Maximus
21:
751:
750:
746:
745:
744:
742:
741:
740:
686:
685:
684:
683:
674:
670:
662:See article on
661:
657:
642:
638:
621:
617:
596:
592:
581:
577:
566:
562:
553:
549:
535:
531:
515:
511:
499:
495:
483:
479:
434:
430:
417:
413:
404:
400:
390:argento publico
380:
376:
363:
359:
327:
323:
311:
307:
293:Pseudoasconiana
282:
278:
251:
247:
242:
222:Pompeius Magnus
142:
132:(in modern-day
89:Cornelius Cinna
47:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
749:
739:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
682:
681:
668:
655:
636:
615:
590:
575:
560:
547:
543:constitueretur
529:
509:
493:
477:
428:
411:
398:
374:
357:
321:
305:
276:
244:
243:
241:
238:
141:
138:
46:
43:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
748:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
693:
691:
678:
672:
665:
659:
652:
651:
646:
640:
633:
629:
625:
619:
612:
608:
604:
600:
594:
587:
586:
579:
573:
569:
564:
557:
551:
544:
539:
533:
526:
522:
518:
513:
506:
502:
497:
491:
487:
481:
474:
470:
466:
465:
460:
456:
455:
450:
446:
442:
438:
432:
425:
421:
415:
408:
402:
395:
391:
387:
386:
378:
371:
367:
361:
354:
353:Bellum civile
350:
346:
342:
340:
335:
331:
325:
319:
315:
309:
302:
298:
294:
290:
289:Thomas Stangl
286:
280:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
256:
249:
245:
237:
235:
231:
227:
223:
218:
216:
212:
208:
203:
199:
198:
191:
188:
184:
183:
178:
177:promagistrate
174:
173:
166:
163:
157:
155:
151:
147:
137:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
106:
104:
100:
96:
95:
90:
85:
81:
80:Metellus Pius
76:
74:
70:
63:
60:
56:
51:
42:
40:
36:
32:
19:
701:82 BC deaths
676:
671:
658:
648:
644:
639:
631:
627:
623:
618:
602:
598:
593:
583:
578:
571:
563:
555:
550:
541:
537:
532:
524:
520:
519:, review of
512:
504:
500:
496:
489:
485:
480:
468:
467:38.4; Livy,
462:
452:
444:
436:
431:
419:
414:
406:
401:
393:
389:
382:
377:
369:
360:
352:
338:
329:
324:
313:
308:
300:
292:
279:
267:
258:is given as
253:
248:
219:
206:
195:
192:
180:
170:
168:
161:
159:
143:
107:
92:
77:
72:
66:
61:
30:
29:
114:Hiempsal II
690:Categories
540:, 2.1.70:
505:crudelitas
392:Coinage,"
240:References
182:praetorium
165:conducted.
122:Mauretania
628:Sertorius
607:Augustine
538:In Verrem
486:In Verrem
454:In Verrem
347:241, and
343:, Pseudo-
268:Historiae
207:populares
126:Bocchus I
94:populares
73:monetalis
677:Historia
650:cognomen
634:, p. 34.
570:9.10.2:
536:Cicero,
501:Avaritia
484:Cicero,
469:Periocha
459:Diodorus
388:and the
385:Aerarium
383:Sanctus
370:Historia
345:Asconius
339:Periocha
285:Asconius
230:Numidian
226:defeated
84:governor
611:Orosius
582:Smith,
475:9.10.2.
435:Smith,
318:p. 326.
264:Orosius
260:Fulvius
234:triumph
202:Orosius
134:Tunisia
118:Hiarbas
110:Numidia
103:Marians
99:tribute
69:moneyer
35:praetor
624:Marius
449:Cicero
441:p. 323
424:online
349:Appian
154:Verres
150:Cicero
59:galley
726:Fabii
366:Sulla
355:1.80.
255:nomen
197:cives
172:domus
130:Utica
55:Janus
503:and
471:86;
334:Livy
272:here
252:The
162:that
33:was
692::
461:,
451:,
351:,
341:84
336:,
299:,
291:,
217:.
105:.
666:.
558:.
545:.
426:.
274:.
266:(
71:(
20:)
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