381:
548:
3254:
3222:
680:
3244:
615:, the Linux side of Caldera International was losing money badly; it was spending four times as much as it received in revenue. The only Linux distribution company that was doing even somewhat well at the time was Red Hat. Caldera International was further disadvantaged in that the Unix side of its business contributed most of its revenue and represented the products its resellers had the largest incentive to sell.
3233:
48:
659:. The product name Caldera OpenLinux became "SCO Linux powered by UnitedLinux". In May 2003, the SCO Group began issuing proclamations and lawsuits based upon its belief that its Unix intellectual property had been incorporated into Linux in an unlawful and uncompensated manner – thus commencing the
488:
release, especially in terms of it having a fully graphical and easy-to-use installation feature. Ease of installation was an important criteria in selecting a Linux distribution, and
Caldera Deutschland had created this first fully graphical installer for Linux, called Lizard, starting in November
517:
Caldera OpenLinux 3.1 came out in June 2001. Among the new softwares incorporated were
Caldera's own Volution Manager and Volution Messaging Server, which were layers of functionality on top of Linux aimed at adding value to the operating system product. The workstation edition of Caldera OpenLinux
314:
Caldera offered three versions of OpenLinux, with one for hackers and the other two for resellers and commercial users. Alternatively, the three versions could be seen as a base version, a workstation version, and a server version. Pricing could also change; at one point, the product breakdown was:
220:
and toward that end conducted research on how to better and more easily integrate and manage network access for users. At the time, the
Internet was dominated by Unix-based operating systems, but the Novell group saw the Unixes of the day as being too hardware intensive, too large, and charging too
477:
This approach led to a debate about the purity of Linux-based products. Caldera stated that: "We have produced a product that combines the best of open-source and commercial packages; we are doing Linux for business. We do add to it commercial packages that allow business users to easily integrate
584:
wrote at the time, "Unusual for the Linux world, Caldera makes a strong cost-of-ownership argument in the corporate environment." It also said: "Unparalleled support and a wide range of products, including e-commerce solutions, make
Caldera OpenLinux Server 3.1 a very attractive choice. Caldera's
306:
This new product was named
Caldera OpenLinux. (The name OpenLinux tended to annoy people associated with other Linux distributions, falsely suggesting as it did that the other distributions were not open.) Review copies of it became available by March 1997. By one account, it was the first
647:
rather than
Caldera OpenLinux. As such, the Caldera product name was changed to "Caldera OpenLinux powered by United Linux". This effectively meant the end of the LST-/Caldera-based OpenLinux technology itself, and the Caldera Deutschland GmbH office in Erlangen was shut down.
354:
system being installed. That floppy was not shipped by the distribution and had to be cut by the user. At another point in time, Caldera OpenLinux was also available on a retail basis, in the form of a CD-ROM for installing Linux on a PC that sold for US$ 49.
179:
distribution, OpenLinux was an early high-end "business-oriented" distribution that included features it developed, such as an easy-to-use, graphical installer and graphical and web-based system administration tools, as well as features from bundled
626:
was an attempt by a consortium of Linux companies to create a common base distribution for enterprise use and minimize duplication of engineering effort and thereby form an effective competitor to Red Hat. The founding members of United Linux were
666:
In any case, Caldera OpenLinux had played a significant role in Linux history by establishing what would be necessary to create a mainstream, business-oriented system, with stability and support, out of the Linux kernel.
608:, although Red Hat was clearly the primary recipient of such hardware support announcements. And overall Red Hat had the broadest base of acceptance within the computer industry, with SuSE strong in Europe.
531:
The last release of the product was
Caldera OpenLinux 3.1.1 in January 2002. OpenLinux 3.1 and 3.1.1 were used as the user-space basis for SCO's Linux Kernel Personality (LKP) product on
262:
One of the features of
Caldera Network Desktop was an installation component called LISA (Linux Installation and System Administration), which had been developed with the Germany-based
1169:
358:
OpenLinux typically came with a separate CD-ROM called the
Solutions CD, which is what delivered the commercial software. These included such powerful enterprise products as the
738:? (there are some mentionings in the net, but in such a low number, that it is unclear, if this version was actually released ... and not sure if 2.0 and 2.1 existed at all)
794:
Red Hat was the dominant commercial distribution at the time, with
Caldera, SuSE, and Turbolinux in the next tier. Of two other distributions sometimes grouped with them,
1323:
372:
assessed the initial Caldera OpenLinux release as providing an easy-to-use distribution at an attractive price-to-performance point for those exploring Linux.
1763:
1004:
578:
Caldera OpenLinux offered specific packages for e-commerce and secure-server configurations. It was also aimed at the business connectivity domain. As
1430:
267:
176:
225:
offered the best possible answer for the operating system component, and started building code towards that purpose, including contributing work on
1103:
274:-derived distribution that had been maintained by LST since its first incarnation in 1993. Caldera Network Desktop ended sales in March 1997.
1923:
920:
3278:
636:
233:
compatibility layer for Windows. However, Noorda departed from Novell and under new management, the Linux role in Corsair was dropped.
3283:
1573:
1877:
291:, and its LST Power Linux distribution, which was made the basis of their following product. Then in May 2007, it was announced at
585:
clear distinction between client and server distributions underlines the company's endeavor to appeal to the business community."
1671:
17:
1692:
871:
1005:"LST Software GmbH Merges With Caldera Inc. – Critically acclaimed European Linux developers strengthen Caldera's commitment"
1874:"T h e D i f f e r e n c e s b e t w e e n C a l d e r a L i n u x a n d R e d H a t L i n u x: A n O p i n i o n P i e c e"
1650:
980:
651:
In the event, United Linux did not last much longer. In June 2002, Caldera International had a change in management, with
687:
422:
But Caldera Systems focused on a high-end Linux product and its Linux distribution became rich with features with bundled
2008:
1594:"Caldera, Conectiva, SuSE, Turbolinux Partner To Create UnitedLinux, And Produce A Uniform Version Of Linux For Business"
1012:
3247:
2289:
1916:
1857:
1838:
1819:
1800:
1234:
489:
1998. Several years later it was still receiving praise from reviewers. The installer could even be started from a
1304:
3288:
1382:
1044:
1143:
663:– and stopped selling its own Linux product. The United Linux effort itself collapsed as a consequence.
184:. In its era, Caldera OpenLinux was one of the four major commercial Linux distributions, the others being
3293:
3257:
2018:
1909:
442:
to allow people to run Windows applications under Linux. Additionally, they shipped with Linux versions of
3225:
3166:
643:. The consortium was announced in May 2002. However, the UnitedLinux distribution would be based mostly
588:
In its era, Caldera OpenLinux was one of the four major commercial Linux distributions, the others being
112:
559:
3045:
2588:
2482:
1940:
2977:
2780:
2076:
132:
3193:
2728:
2666:
2472:
2395:
2091:
1471:
300:
256:
881:
2982:
2228:
1528:
400:
396:, which handled OpenLinux going forward, including development, training, services, and support.
252:
2819:
2631:
2405:
1431:"Caldera Systems Previews New Company – Caldera International – At CeBIT with Industry Support"
660:
1895:
1891:
1310:
1224:
1104:"Neue Version des Unix-Clones: Caldera will Open Linux zum kommerziellen Durchbruch verhelfen"
941:
3035:
2626:
2023:
1629:
1251:
942:"Down to the Wire - Hot Caldera rates a look as an Internet service, maybe even for desktops"
845:
644:
640:
467:
217:
172:
71:
2824:
1608:
1449:
528:
gave it 3 out of 5 'discs', behind the Red Hat and SuSE products which each got 4 out of 5.
3243:
3151:
691:
511:
423:
181:
8:
1963:
1707:
1655:
1356:
1161:
514:. In March 2001 announced that it would be changing its name to Caldera International.
380:
47:
2957:
1932:
1184:
1073:
600:. In particular, these were the four that got the backing of hardware vendors such as
510:
During 2000, Caldera Systems began the process of acquiring the Unix businesses of the
263:
248:
240:
160:
972:
484:, released in April 1999, was seen as significantly improved from the previous year's
212:
was a project run by Novell's advanced technology group that sought to put together a
3156:
1853:
1834:
1815:
1796:
1230:
838:
490:
427:
351:
296:
288:
138:
63:
655:
taking over as CEO from Ransom Love. Caldera International soon changed its name to
496:
The improvements provided by the Lizard installer led to the technology publication
3012:
2997:
2987:
2897:
2862:
2299:
2066:
1512:
519:
435:
213:
145:
3136:
2925:
2804:
2738:
2698:
2555:
2510:
2364:
2150:
2013:
1881:
1726:
1450:"Change for Caldera OpenLinux Workstation 3.1 Will Require 'Per System' Licenses"
921:"Ransom Love, Co-founder of Caldera and SCO, Speaks of Unix, GPL and the Lawsuit"
601:
439:
408:
393:
230:
168:
67:
1593:
1324:"Technology: Supporters of Linux Worry That Commercialization Could Bring Chaos"
1206:
259:. It seemed primarily aimed at the office desktop and custom solutions markets.
3114:
2676:
2583:
2537:
2253:
1873:
795:
463:
292:
209:
30:"Caldera (operating system)" redirects here. For the DOS operating system, see
3124:
3272:
3060:
2992:
2945:
2930:
2877:
2671:
2452:
2442:
2294:
2233:
2193:
2165:
2145:
1676:
1634:
1613:
1578:
1552:
1485:
1276:
656:
589:
498:
485:
481:
404:
368:
236:
185:
164:
2198:
1745:
1547:
1412:
366:. Use of these components required activation of a license key. A review in
243:
and Ransom H. Love and received start-up funding from Noorda's Utah-focused
3237:
3198:
2972:
2949:
2917:
2907:
2844:
2661:
2502:
2462:
2457:
2424:
2329:
2248:
2170:
2155:
2102:
2071:
1486:"SCO Unixware 7.1.x, Open UNIX 8 Installing Linux Kernel Personality (LKP)"
1271:
894:
652:
623:
612:
532:
308:
244:
1948:
3104:
3083:
3065:
2867:
2857:
2723:
2718:
2686:
2492:
2487:
2477:
2437:
2379:
2284:
2188:
2160:
2061:
2051:
1953:
1507:
1008:
580:
524:
443:
412:
363:
343:
247:, and Caldera became one of the first commercial companies putting out a
547:
419:
was bundled into the product, which was a benefit in the German market.
287:
Caldera, Inc. collaborated with the LST staff, which by then had become
266:(LST). In terms of Linux distributions, that group was responsible for
3119:
3075:
3007:
3002:
2935:
2887:
2872:
2762:
2743:
2638:
2613:
2565:
2515:
2334:
2324:
2319:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2038:
1988:
1165:
632:
628:
597:
593:
459:
451:
205:
193:
189:
58:
1901:
1390:
1229:(Revised ed.). New Delhi: Firewall Media. p. 123–124.
1040:
3173:
3109:
3022:
2882:
2852:
2834:
2809:
2693:
2575:
2560:
2545:
2432:
2354:
2208:
2056:
1993:
1764:"CALDERA SYSTEMS INC. RELEASES OPENLINUX 1.3 WITH KDE AND SYBASE ASE"
1256:
471:
455:
271:
1185:"Ransom Love Interview and Caldera Systems, Inc at Comdex Fall 2000"
1043:(in German). LST - Verein zur Förderung freier Software e.V. 2018 .
895:"Caldera and Corsair – Who is Caldera, and what is Corsair, really?"
840:
Rebel Code: The Inside Story of Linux and the Open Source Revolution
3188:
3183:
3131:
3055:
2892:
2829:
2775:
2770:
2621:
2593:
2520:
2467:
2349:
2263:
2243:
2203:
2130:
2046:
1973:
359:
295:
that Caldera, Inc. was acquiring LST and its development center in
3141:
3050:
3030:
2967:
2814:
2799:
2656:
2603:
2447:
2389:
2384:
2344:
2339:
2258:
2238:
2183:
2175:
2140:
2135:
2096:
2086:
2028:
1983:
1968:
1958:
1121:
502:
giving Caldera OpenLinux 2.3 its top award, Product of the Year.
431:
403:
desktop. Other open-source components that it came with included
31:
3203:
3040:
2962:
2902:
2839:
2790:
2733:
2550:
2527:
2410:
2359:
2309:
2304:
2121:
2112:
2081:
2003:
1342:
799:
339:
3178:
3161:
3146:
2713:
2703:
2400:
2314:
2279:
925:
447:
222:
81:
1693:"Caldera Changes Name to the SCO Group, Plans SCO Linux 4.0"
2708:
2681:
2598:
2374:
2369:
1998:
1978:
1711:
1532:
416:
347:
3232:
1154:
844:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Perseus Publishing. pp.
605:
226:
1898:, Bradford Morgan White's industry histories on Substack
775:
Caldera International OpenLinux Workstation/Server 3.1.1
1659:. Central Utah. p. B10 – via Newspapers.com.
342:
for installation, but it was often necessary to create
1433:(Press release). Caldera Systems, Inc. March 26, 2001.
769:
Caldera International OpenLinux Workstation/Server 3.1
175:) that existed from 1997 to 2002. Based on the German
1886:
522:. An extensive review of Caldera OpenLinux 3.1 in
933:
307:
commercial distribution to include version 2 of the
27:
Linux distribution of the late 1990s and early 2000s
1756:
1272:"Wabi: Caldera's Solution for Windows Applications"
1183:Cook, Forrest; Sobol, Rebecca (November 20, 2000).
1548:"A Rose by Any Other Name – Is It Still the Same?"
837:
1574:"Caldera CEO steps aside to focus on UnitedLinux"
966:
964:
962:
919:Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. (September 25, 2003).
712:Caldera OpenLinux Lite/Base/Standard(/Deluxe) 1.0
558: with: actual sales figures. You can help by
334:was USD 299 and was their fully featured product.
221:much in license fees. They became convinced that
3270:
1305:"Red Hat, Caldera release new versions of Linux"
912:
538:
1725:Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. (January 23, 2004).
1724:
1162:"Caldera Creates Two Wholly-Owned Subsidiaries"
918:
759:Caldera Systems OpenLinux eDesktop/eBuilder 2.4
959:
748:Caldera Systems OpenLinux eDesktop/eServer 2.3
466:to allow their customers to non-destructively
1917:
1672:"SCO name returns as Caldera rebrands itself"
1097:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1087:
411:. There was also a non-commercial version of
1848:Hall, Jon "maddog"; Wells, Nicholas (2000).
1718:
1444:
1442:
1440:
865:
863:
861:
859:
857:
855:
505:
1596:(Press release). UnitedLinux. May 30, 2002.
1465:
1463:
869:
328:was a USD 99 version with a few extensions.
3221:
1924:
1910:
1642:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1315:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1084:
1071:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1029:
999:
997:
870:Ulrich, Bill; Kaven, Oliver (2001-11-13).
450:as well as productivity applications from
434:implementation from Novell. They licensed
399:The Caldera Systems distribution used the
392:In September 1998, Caldera, Inc. spun off
1847:
1705:
1526:
1520:
1437:
1218:
1216:
1182:
852:
750:(September 1999) with Linux kernel 2.2.10
720:(September 1997) with Linux kernel 2.0.29
346:for the initial boot, depending upon the
277:
1876:– Caldera white paper, March 2021
1606:
1545:
1460:
1334:
1322:Fisher, Lawrence M. (October 18, 1999).
1302:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1176:
939:
724:Caldera OpenLinux Lite/Base/Standard 1.2
718:Caldera OpenLinux Lite/Base/Standard 1.1
379:
1931:
1651:"Caldera to lay off 16 local employees"
1621:
1560:
1539:
1340:
1205:Thomas, Benjamin D. (August 23, 1999).
1191:
1101:
1058:
1026:
994:
831:
829:
827:
825:
823:
821:
819:
777:(January 2002) with Linux kernel 2.4.13
754:Caldera Systems OpenLinux eServer 2.3.1
730:Caldera Systems OpenLinux Lite/Base 1.3
454:. Since many of their customers used a
338:Earliest versions of OpenLinux came on
14:
3271:
1648:
1627:
1374:
1349:
1321:
1222:
1213:
1204:
1141:
970:
887:
764:Caldera Systems OpenLinux eBuilder 3.0
375:
1905:
1828:
1809:
1790:
1743:
1669:
1600:
1571:
1529:"Struggling Linux company swaps CEOs"
1505:
1499:
1410:
1380:
1291:
1252:"NetWare for Linux: neat party trick"
1249:
835:
744:(1999-04-19) with Linux kernel 2.2.xx
732:(1998-09-28) with Linux kernel 2.0.35
426:. For instance, the company offered
1690:
1527:Shankland, Stephen (June 27, 2002).
1469:
1343:"Caldera Systems IPO Soars in Debut"
816:
674:
542:
282:
3279:Caldera (company) operating systems
1706:Shankland, Stephen (May 15, 2003).
1172:from the original on June 24, 2017.
771:(June 2001) with Linux kernel 2.4.2
24:
1784:
1670:Weiss, Todd R. (August 26, 2002).
1628:Kearns, Dave (September 9, 2002).
1546:Gerhardt, Jeff (August 27, 2002).
1472:"Caldera Releases OpenLinux 3.1.1"
1381:Drake, Joshua (January 14, 2002).
798:was aimed more at end users while
322:was a freely downloadable version.
25:
3305:
2290:Bharat Operating System Solutions
1867:
1691:Loli, Eugenia (August 26, 2002).
1488:. The SCO Group. January 15, 2008
1303:Thurrott, Paul (April 25, 1999).
1142:Hafner, Katie (October 8, 1998).
1102:Radonic, Andrej (21 March 1997).
940:Petreley, Nicholas (1996-02-19).
670:
3284:Discontinued Linux distributions
3253:
3252:
3242:
3231:
3220:
1887:LST association site (in German)
1572:Weiss, Todd R. (June 27, 2002).
848:–101, 220–223, 230–231, 295–296.
678:
546:
362:database management system from
46:
1737:
1699:
1684:
1663:
1607:Hochmuth, Phil (June 3, 2002).
1586:
1478:
1423:
1404:
1341:Plotkin, Hal (March 21, 2000).
1264:
1243:
1135:
1114:
1047:from the original on 2018-08-04
983:from the original on 2018-08-05
880:Caldera portion also available
714:(1997) with Linux kernel 2.0.25
1896:The History of Caldera, Part 2
1892:The History of Caldera, Part 1
1630:"The name game, Caldera style"
1411:Kroll, Jason (December 1999).
1250:Yager, Tom (August 17, 1998).
1072:Leibovitch, Evan (July 1997).
788:
430:, which included a full-blown
251:. That first distribution was
13:
1:
1850:Caldera OpenLinux For Dummies
1744:Kukuk, Amy (September 1997).
1708:"SCO targets Linux customers"
1649:Duggan, Tara (May 10, 2002).
1413:"1999 Editors' Choice Awards"
1144:"Mac, Windows And Now, Linux"
973:"Caldera Network Desktop 1.0"
809:
742:Caldera Systems OpenLinux 2.2
736:Caldera Systems OpenLinux 1.4
539:Markets, alliances, and sales
518:came with a requirement for
199:
1470:Loli, Eugenia (2002-01-31).
1011:. 1997-05-23. Archived from
611:By 2002, in the wake of the
458:setup, Caldera shipped with
7:
1812:Caldera OpenLinux Unleashed
1124:. ArchiveOS. 25 August 2023
229:networking for NetWare and
119:; 22 years ago
10:
3310:
2483:Rocks Cluster Distribution
971:Hughes, Phil (June 1996).
802:was for Linux enthusiasts.
29:
3216:
3092:
3074:
3021:
2944:
2916:
2789:
2761:
2752:
2649:
2612:
2574:
2536:
2501:
2423:
2272:
2120:
2111:
2037:
1939:
1506:Stone, Brad (July 2004).
1226:IT Tools and Applications
506:Caldera International era
144:
131:
111:
103:
95:
87:
77:
57:
52:Installation CD from 1999
45:
3194:Softlanding Linux System
2473:Red Hat Enterprise Linux
1383:"Volution shows promise"
1361:rant.gulbrandsen.priv.no
781:
301:Caldera Deutschland GmbH
257:Red Hat Commercial Linux
2983:Linux for PlayStation 2
1831:Caldera OpenLinux Bible
1793:Using Caldera OpenLinux
1223:Bangia, Ramesh (2005).
386:Using Caldera OpenLinux
384:Book-signing event for
253:Caldera Network Desktop
239:was founded in 1994 by
18:Caldera Network Desktop
2632:Open Enterprise Server
1357:"The Openlinux Lizard"
618:
389:
278:Technology and product
3036:Damn Vulnerable Linux
2627:SUSE Linux Enterprise
2024:Resurrection Remix OS
1829:Negus, Chris (2000).
1810:Stoll, David (2000).
1791:Smart, Allan (1999).
1168:. September 2, 1998.
645:SuSE Enterprise Linux
641:Caldera International
383:
255:, which was based on
218:Internet connectivity
173:Caldera International
72:Caldera International
3152:Linux Router Project
1768:www.prnewswire.co.uk
692:adding missing items
512:Santa Cruz Operation
424:proprietary software
350:capabilities of the
182:proprietary software
167:(and its successors
3294:Linux distributions
3084:SUSE Studio Express
2851:Other derivatives:
1933:Linux distributions
1814:. Sams Publishing.
1207:"Caldera OpenLinux"
1074:"Caldera OpenLinux"
878:. pp. 120–128.
836:Moody, Guy (2001).
376:Caldera Systems era
204:By 1994, under CEO
42:
3289:SCO–Linux disputes
2958:BLAG Linux and GNU
2825:Linux Caixa Mágica
1880:2011-07-13 at the
1727:"UnitedLinux, RIP"
1508:"The Linux Killer"
1328:The New York Times
1148:The New York Times
690:; you can help by
661:SCO–Linux disputes
520:per-seat licensing
390:
332:OpenLinux Standard
264:Linux Support Team
249:Linux distribution
241:Bryan Wayne Sparks
161:Linux distribution
40:
37:Linux distribution
3266:
3265:
3212:
3211:
3157:MCC Interim Linux
3100:Caldera OpenLinux
2419:
2418:
1617:. pp. 1, 16.
1164:(Press release).
708:
707:
576:
575:
491:Microsoft Windows
428:NetWare for Linux
352:IBM PC compatible
299:, thus creating
297:Erlangen, Germany
289:LST Software GmbH
283:Caldera, Inc. era
157:Caldera OpenLinux
154:
153:
139:Monolithic kernel
41:Caldera OpenLinux
16:(Redirected from
3301:
3256:
3255:
3246:
3238:Linux portal
3236:
3235:
3224:
3223:
3013:Yellow Dog Linux
2998:Think Blue Linux
2988:Scientific Linux
2863:CrunchBang Linux
2759:
2758:
2300:Damn Small Linux
2118:
2117:
2009:Paranoid Android
1926:
1919:
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1863:
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1656:The Daily Herald
1646:
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1625:
1619:
1618:
1604:
1598:
1597:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1569:
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1537:
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1524:
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1503:
1497:
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1482:
1476:
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1467:
1458:
1457:
1456:. June 25, 2001.
1446:
1435:
1434:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1408:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1398:
1389:. Archived from
1378:
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1369:
1367:
1353:
1347:
1346:
1338:
1332:
1331:
1319:
1313:
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1202:
1189:
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1174:
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1133:
1132:
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1129:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1099:
1082:
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1069:
1056:
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1037:
1024:
1023:
1021:
1020:
1001:
992:
991:
989:
988:
968:
957:
956:
954:
953:
937:
931:
930:
916:
910:
909:
907:
906:
891:
885:
879:
872:"Choosing Linux"
867:
850:
849:
843:
833:
803:
792:
703:
700:
682:
681:
675:
571:
568:
550:
543:
436:Sun Microsystems
214:desktop metaphor
127:
125:
120:
50:
43:
39:
21:
3309:
3308:
3304:
3303:
3302:
3300:
3299:
3298:
3269:
3268:
3267:
3262:
3230:
3208:
3137:Foresight Linux
3088:
3070:
3017:
2940:
2926:Container Linux
2912:
2898:Musix GNU+Linux
2805:Black Lab Linux
2785:
2748:
2739:Tiny Core Linux
2645:
2608:
2570:
2556:OpenMandriva Lx
2532:
2511:Calculate Linux
2497:
2415:
2365:Raspberry Pi OS
2268:
2151:Ubuntu Cinnamon
2107:
2033:
2014:PixelExperience
1935:
1930:
1882:Wayback Machine
1870:
1860:
1841:
1822:
1803:
1787:
1785:Further reading
1782:
1781:
1772:
1770:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1742:
1738:
1723:
1719:
1704:
1700:
1689:
1685:
1668:
1664:
1647:
1643:
1626:
1622:
1609:"Linux times 4"
1605:
1601:
1592:
1591:
1587:
1570:
1561:
1544:
1540:
1525:
1521:
1504:
1500:
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1479:
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1214:
1203:
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1181:
1177:
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1159:
1155:
1140:
1136:
1127:
1125:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1100:
1085:
1070:
1059:
1050:
1048:
1039:
1038:
1027:
1018:
1016:
1003:
1002:
995:
986:
984:
979:. No. 26.
969:
960:
951:
949:
938:
934:
917:
913:
904:
902:
893:
892:
888:
868:
853:
834:
817:
812:
807:
806:
793:
789:
784:
704:
698:
695:
679:
673:
621:
572:
566:
563:
556:needs expansion
541:
508:
394:Caldera Systems
378:
285:
280:
268:LST Power Linux
202:
177:LST Power Linux
169:Caldera Systems
123:
121:
118:
104:Initial release
68:Caldera Systems
53:
38:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3307:
3297:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3264:
3263:
3261:
3260:
3250:
3240:
3228:
3217:
3214:
3213:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3170:
3169:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3128:
3127:
3117:
3115:Familiar Linux
3112:
3107:
3102:
3096:
3094:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3086:
3080:
3078:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3027:
3025:
3019:
3018:
3016:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2954:
2952:
2942:
2941:
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2938:
2933:
2928:
2922:
2920:
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2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
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2827:
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2807:
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2795:
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2773:
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2756:
2750:
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2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2690:
2689:
2679:
2677:Clear Linux OS
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2653:
2651:
2647:
2646:
2644:
2643:
2642:
2641:
2636:
2635:
2634:
2618:
2616:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2584:Austrumi Linux
2580:
2578:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2542:
2540:
2534:
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2513:
2507:
2505:
2499:
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2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2387:
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2377:
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2367:
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2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
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2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2276:
2274:
2270:
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2267:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2179:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2126:
2124:
2115:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2105:
2100:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2043:
2041:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1945:
1943:
1937:
1936:
1929:
1928:
1921:
1914:
1906:
1900:
1899:
1889:
1884:
1869:
1868:External links
1866:
1865:
1864:
1858:
1845:
1839:
1826:
1820:
1807:
1801:
1786:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1755:
1746:"New Products"
1736:
1717:
1698:
1683:
1662:
1641:
1620:
1599:
1585:
1559:
1538:
1519:
1498:
1477:
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1436:
1422:
1403:
1373:
1348:
1333:
1314:
1307:. ITPro Today.
1290:
1263:
1242:
1235:
1212:
1190:
1175:
1153:
1134:
1113:
1083:
1057:
1025:
993:
958:
932:
911:
886:
851:
814:
813:
811:
808:
805:
804:
796:Mandrake Linux
786:
785:
783:
780:
779:
778:
772:
766:
761:
756:
751:
745:
739:
733:
727:
721:
715:
706:
705:
685:
683:
672:
671:Known releases
669:
620:
617:
574:
573:
553:
551:
540:
537:
507:
504:
464:PartitionMagic
415:. Support for
377:
374:
336:
335:
329:
326:OpenLinux Base
323:
320:OpenLinux Lite
293:Linux Kongress
284:
281:
279:
276:
210:Novell Corsair
201:
198:
152:
151:
148:
142:
141:
136:
129:
128:
115:
113:Latest release
109:
108:
105:
101:
100:
97:
93:
92:
89:
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84:
79:
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74:
61:
55:
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51:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3306:
3295:
3292:
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3287:
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3282:
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3274:
3259:
3251:
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3205:
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3180:
3177:
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3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3091:
3085:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3077:
3073:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3061:TopologiLinux
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3028:
3026:
3024:
3020:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2993:Red Hat Linux
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2947:
2943:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2931:Sabayon Linux
2929:
2927:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2919:
2915:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2878:Feather Linux
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2850:
2849:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2792:
2788:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2764:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2751:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2688:
2685:
2684:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2672:Chimera Linux
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2648:
2640:
2637:
2633:
2630:
2629:
2628:
2625:
2624:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2617:
2615:
2611:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2577:
2573:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2539:
2535:
2529:
2526:
2522:
2519:
2518:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2453:MIRACLE LINUX
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2443:CentOS Stream
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2426:
2422:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
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2388:
2386:
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2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
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2363:
2361:
2358:
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2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2295:BlankOn Linux
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2275:
2271:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2234:Peppermint OS
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2194:elementary OS
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:Derivatives:
2181:
2180:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2166:Ubuntu Studio
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2146:Ubuntu Budgie
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2110:
2104:
2101:
2099:(3.0 onwards)
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2077:Hyperbola GNU
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2036:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
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1972:
1970:
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1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1927:
1922:
1920:
1915:
1913:
1908:
1907:
1904:
1897:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1861:
1859:0-7645-0679-X
1855:
1851:
1846:
1842:
1840:0-7645-4706-2
1836:
1832:
1827:
1823:
1821:0-672-31761-3
1817:
1813:
1808:
1804:
1802:0-7897-2058-2
1798:
1794:
1789:
1788:
1769:
1765:
1759:
1751:
1750:Linux Journal
1747:
1740:
1732:
1728:
1721:
1713:
1709:
1702:
1694:
1687:
1679:
1678:
1677:Computerworld
1673:
1666:
1658:
1657:
1652:
1645:
1638:. p. 22.
1637:
1636:
1635:Network World
1631:
1624:
1616:
1615:
1614:Network World
1610:
1603:
1595:
1589:
1581:
1580:
1579:Computerworld
1575:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1555:
1554:
1553:Linux Journal
1549:
1542:
1534:
1530:
1523:
1515:
1514:
1509:
1502:
1487:
1481:
1473:
1466:
1464:
1455:
1451:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1432:
1426:
1418:
1417:Linux Journal
1414:
1407:
1393:on 2016-04-05
1392:
1388:
1384:
1377:
1366:September 21,
1362:
1358:
1352:
1344:
1337:
1330:. p. C5.
1329:
1325:
1318:
1311:
1306:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1279:
1278:
1277:Linux Journal
1273:
1267:
1260:. p. 79.
1259:
1258:
1253:
1246:
1238:
1236:9788170084471
1232:
1228:
1227:
1219:
1217:
1208:
1201:
1199:
1197:
1195:
1186:
1179:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1157:
1150:. p. G1.
1149:
1145:
1138:
1123:
1117:
1109:
1108:Computerwoche
1105:
1098:
1096:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1079:
1078:Linux Gazette
1075:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1046:
1042:
1036:
1034:
1032:
1030:
1015:on 2012-09-13
1014:
1010:
1006:
1000:
998:
982:
978:
977:Linux Journal
974:
967:
965:
963:
948:. p. 108
947:
943:
936:
928:
927:
922:
915:
900:
899:Linux Journal
896:
890:
883:
877:
873:
866:
864:
862:
860:
858:
856:
847:
842:
841:
832:
830:
828:
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186:Red Hat Linux
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165:Caldera, Inc.
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159:is a defunct
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3199:Splashtop OS
3099:
2973:Linpus Linux
2908:Sunwah Linux
2845:Ubuntu GNOME
2754:Discontinued
2753:
2463:Oracle Linux
2249:Ubuntu Touch
2171:Ubuntu Unity
2156:Ubuntu Kylin
2103:SystemRescue
2092:Parabola GNU
1849:
1830:
1811:
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1771:. Retrieved
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1395:. Retrieved
1391:the original
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1327:
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1281:. Retrieved
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1255:
1245:
1225:
1209:. Linux.com.
1178:
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1137:
1126:. Retrieved
1116:
1110:(in German).
1107:
1077:
1049:. Retrieved
1017:. Retrieved
1013:the original
985:. Retrieved
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726:(1998-04-17)
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653:Darl McBride
650:
624:United Linux
622:
613:dot com bust
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560:adding to it
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533:SCO UnixWare
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344:floppy disks
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309:Linux kernel
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286:
261:
245:Canopy Group
235:
208:'s purview,
203:
163:produced by
156:
155:
117:3.1.1 / 2002
96:Source model
3105:CyanogenMod
3066:VectorLinux
2868:DoudouLinux
2858:Corel Linux
2724:Source Mage
2493:Sailfish OS
2488:Rocky Linux
2478:Red Star OS
2438:Asahi Linux
2380:SparkyLinux
2189:Bodhi Linux
2161:Ubuntu MATE
2062:EndeavourOS
1954:Android-x86
1454:Linux Today
1309:(See also:
1009:PR Newswire
901:. June 1995
882:at this url
876:PC Magazine
699:August 2024
581:PC Magazine
567:August 2024
525:PC Magazine
493:partition.
468:repartition
444:WordPerfect
413:Star Office
364:Software AG
3273:Categories
3248:Comparison
3120:Firefox OS
3008:Vine Linux
3003:Turbolinux
2936:xB Machine
2888:HandyLinux
2873:Dreamlinux
2639:GeckoLinux
2566:ROSA Linux
2516:ChromiumOS
2325:FreedomBox
2320:Endless OS
2224:LXLE Linux
2219:Linux Mint
2214:Linux Lite
2199:EmmabuntĂĽs
2129:Official:
2067:Frugalware
1989:GrapheneOS
1773:2017-09-21
1492:2024-08-31
1397:2019-11-17
1387:LinuxWorld
1283:January 9,
1187:. LWN.net.
1166:PRNewswire
1128:2024-08-31
1051:2018-08-04
1041:"Historie"
1019:2018-08-06
987:2018-08-05
952:2017-06-25
905:2008-09-24
810:References
688:incomplete
633:Turbolinux
598:SuSE Linux
594:Turbolinux
472:hard disks
460:PowerQuest
452:Applixware
206:Ray Noorda
200:Background
194:SuSE Linux
190:Turbolinux
3174:Mobilinux
3110:DemoLinux
3023:Slackware
2883:gNewSense
2853:BackTrack
2835:Pinguy OS
2810:Cub Linux
2694:GoboLinux
2576:Slackware
2561:PCLinuxOS
2546:ALT Linux
2433:AlmaLinux
2392:(1.0–2.0)
2355:Parrot OS
2209:Freespire
2057:BlackArch
2019:Replicant
1994:LineageOS
1852:. Wiley.
1833:. Wiley.
1695:. OSNews.
1474:. OSNews.
1257:InfoWorld
1122:"Caldera"
946:InfoWorld
637:Conectiva
456:dual boot
272:Slackware
78:OS family
59:Developer
3258:Category
3189:Remix OS
3184:OpenELEC
3132:Floppyfw
3056:Platypux
2893:Libranet
2830:LinuxTLE
2798:Ubuntu:
2776:Antergos
2771:ArchLabs
2622:openSUSE
2594:Salix OS
2538:Mandriva
2521:ChromeOS
2468:Qubes OS
2350:MX Linux
2264:Zorin OS
2244:Trisquel
2204:KDE neon
2131:Edubuntu
2047:ArchBang
1974:DivestOS
1878:Archived
1170:Archived
1045:Archived
981:Archived
360:Adabas D
3142:Immunix
3051:NimbleX
3046:Kongoni
3031:BioSLAX
2968:ClearOS
2946:Red Hat
2815:Gobuntu
2800:Asturix
2699:Guix SD
2657:4MLinux
2604:Zenwalk
2589:Porteus
2448:EulerOS
2390:SteamOS
2385:SolydXK
2345:Knoppix
2340:Kanotix
2259:Wubuntu
2239:Pop! OS
2229:Nova OS
2184:BackBox
2176:Xubuntu
2141:Lubuntu
2136:Kubuntu
2097:SteamOS
2087:Manjaro
2029:OmniROM
1984:Fire OS
1969:ColorOS
1964:Celadon
1959:CalyxOS
1941:Android
1795:. Que.
1345:. CNBC.
432:NetWare
340:CD-ROMs
146:License
122: (
91:Defunct
64:Caldera
32:OpenDOS
3204:Turkix
3125:B2G OS
3041:KateOS
2978:Korora
2963:CentOS
2950:Fedora
2918:Gentoo
2903:Parsix
2840:Sabily
2791:Debian
2781:Chakra
2734:T2 SDE
2662:Alpine
2551:Mageia
2528:Pentoo
2503:Gentoo
2458:Nobara
2425:Fedora
2411:Whonix
2360:PureOS
2330:Kaisen
2310:Devuan
2305:deepin
2122:Ubuntu
2113:Debian
2082:LinHES
2072:Garuda
2004:One UI
1856:
1837:
1818:
1799:
1233:
800:Debian
639:, and
596:, and
478:it."
470:their
388:, 1999
192:, and
133:Kernel
3179:Nitix
3162:MeeGo
3147:Jurix
3093:Other
2729:Solus
2719:Puppy
2714:NixOS
2704:KaiOS
2687:Kwort
2667:CHAOS
2650:Other
2401:Tizen
2396:Tails
2315:Elive
2285:Astra
2280:antiX
2273:Other
2052:Artix
1731:eWeek
1513:Wired
926:eWeek
782:Notes
448:Corel
446:from
223:Linux
216:with
150:Mixed
99:Mixed
82:Linux
3226:List
3076:SUSE
2763:Arch
2744:Void
2709:KaOS
2682:CRUX
2614:SUSE
2599:Slax
2375:Slax
2370:Q4OS
2335:Kali
2254:Uruk
2039:Arch
1999:MIUI
1979:EMUI
1894:and
1854:ISBN
1835:ISBN
1816:ISBN
1797:ISBN
1712:CNET
1533:CNET
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1285:2012
1231:ISBN
629:SuSE
604:and
440:Wabi
417:ISDN
409:Wine
407:and
348:BIOS
270:, a
231:Wine
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107:1997
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2406:UOS
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