780:
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31:
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bodies. After the original impoundment of the waters of
Cardiff Bay in November 1999 plans were mooted for a Royal inauguration of the barrage. That, it was envisaged, would be held on St David's Day 2000 to be attended by the Queen and Morgan, a vociferous opponent of the scheme. In the event, no such event took place. On 1 March 2000, the day scheduled for the ceremony, the National Assembly of Wales announced that there would be no special ceremony held to mark the project.
771:
1700:
611:
1093:
400:. Treasury officials had queried the economic case for the development and the economic methodology used to justify it. In 1990, a select committee, which had been unable to examine all economic details it wanted, voted 3–1 in favour of the scheme. Subsequently, BBC Wales discovered that Thatcher wanted to scrap the barrage proposal until Edwards threatened to resign.
381:) were installed which improved water quality and allowed the composition of the bay to become entirely freshwater, the only saltwater ingress being that from the three locks providing access to and from the Severn estuary for the proliferating number of boats using Cardiff Bay. This salt water sinks to the bottom of the bay which is then sucked back out to sea via a
741:– an alien species to the UK which multiplies rapidly to the detriment of native marine life. The Cardiff Harbour Authority has decreed that "Personal watercraft" used in Cardiff Bay such as kayaks, canoes and sailing dinghies must be washed down with bleach solution before being taken to any other area of freshwater.
591:) and Cardiff Council. Cardiff Harbour Authority made significant progress in the creation of the bay edge walkway and have redeveloped a large portion of the previously inaccessible bay periphery and the bay edge walkway was finally completed and open to the public on Monday 30 June 2008, allowing public access from
454:
authority, the Vale of
Glamorgan Council at the Penarth end of the barrage. That was also the site chosen for the installation of a 7-foot tall bronze figure of a mermaid – which was the logo of Cardiff Bay Development Corporation. (The logo had been designed by Cardiff graphics artist Roger Fickling.)
457:
The
Cardiff Bay Development Corporation was wound up on 31 March 2000, handing over control of the completed project to Cardiff Council. Soon afterwards the plaque at the Penarth end of the barrage was removed and an entirely new plaque erected midway along the barrage. The new plaque made no mention
436:
During the development of
Cardiff Bay and of the Cardiff Bay Barrage, there was constant tension between the Cardiff Bay Development Corporation and Cardiff City Council (later Cardiff County Council). The National Assembly's Audit Committee spoke of a "fractured working relationship" between the two
432:
In the meantime, local residents living near the edge of the bay and the banks of River Taff feared that their homes would be damaged by the permanently raised water level, as they had been in several previous floods. Environmental groups strongly opposed construction because the bay was an important
586:
One of the major selling points of the proposed development was the opening up of a new pedestrian and cycle route across the barrage. This would not only enhance tourism on both sides but provide a pleasant and safe short-cut between
Cardiff and Penarth, cutting two miles off the journey otherwise
428:
in March 2000 that the costs of the barrage construction alone had risen to £400 million, and there would be additional £12 million a year charge for maintenance and operation. Morgan said, "This is far higher than was ever identified to
Parliament during the passage of the Barrage Bill".
635:
The bronze mermaid which stands on the roundabout at the
Penarth end of the barrage was designed by Cardiff graphics artist Roger Fickling and comprised the official logo of the Cardiff Bay Development Corporation. It was installed on Vale of Glamorgan land because of tensions between the CBDC and
335:
in the early 1980s. An avid opera enthusiast, Edwards envisaged a scheme to revitalise the area incorporating new homes, shops, restaurants and, as a centrepiece, an opera house at the waterside. However the tidal nature of
Cardiff Bay, exposing extensive mudflats save for two hours either side of
453:
Labour and Co-operative MP for
Cardiff South and Penarth who had always supported the scheme. However, as Cardiff Council would not accommodate the installation of a commemorative plaque on their land, the ceremony had to be performed and the plaque unveiled on land owned by the adjacent local
448:
In place of an official Royal inauguration of this massive civil engineering scheme, the largest of its kind in Europe, a modest ceremony was arranged by
Cardiff Bay Development Corporation at which a former Lord Mayor of Cardiff, Councillor Ricky Ormonde (who had served as Lord Mayor in 1994)
343:
stretching across the mouth of Cardiff Bay from Cardiff Docks to Penarth, which would impound freshwater from the rivers Ely and Taff to create a large freshwater lake, thus providing permanent high water. By making the area more appealing, investment was to be attracted to the docklands.
728:
The freshwater lake had problems with blue-green algae initially which made it impossible to swim in the water or participate in water sports. These issues have now largely been resolved though some toxic algae remain in some of the dock areas in the bay.
433:
feeding ground for birds, which would be lost following impoundment. Concerns were also raised over groundwater levels in low-lying areas of Cardiff possibly affecting cellars and underground electrical junctions.
711:
that used the bay when mud was exposed no longer feed there. Initially these birds used nearby sites to feed, but in most cases, this behaviour was not sustained, and the birds were unable to settle elsewhere.
482:
Joint Venture. The electrical and control systems equipment was designed, installed and commissioned by Lintott Control Systems (Norwich). Construction started in 1994, following the successful passage of the
875:
703:
According to two studies published in 2006, the loss of intertidal mudflats has resulted in the numbers and diversity of the birds using Cardiff Bay greatly reducing. Almost all of the
458:
of Cardiff Bay Development Authority. The bronze figure of the CBDC symbol of the mermaid, however, remained on the roundabout, at the entrance to the Penarth end of the barrage.
950:
677:– a development of a former commercial dock. The marina predated the barrage, so yachts need to pass through the marina's own locks as well as the barrage locks to reach the sea.
366:
In November 1999, the barrage was completed, with the sluice gates closed at high water, to retain the seawater from the Bristol Channel within the 500 acre (200 hectare) bay.
587:
taken on the heavy-traffic roads further upstream. However, this benefit took years to materialise due to a lack of agreement between the derelict access land owners (
602:
The Cardiff Bay Barrage has won awards as a feat of engineering from the British Construction Industry and achieved the Institution of Civil Engineers Brunel Medal.
1061:
928:
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720:, but they exhibited lower body weight, and their annual survival rate declined from 85% to 78% as a result of lower levels of winter survival.
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354:
The barrage was consequently seen as central to the regeneration project. In 1987, prior to approval of the construction of the barrage, the
628:. It cost £25,000 and was produced between 11 and 25 March 2007. Three yellow ellipses were painted onto locks and gates, with professional
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being used to access the barrage's more difficult sections. It was Varini's first work in Wales and the UK and took a year to plan.
519:
for maritime traffic. Construction was completed in 1999 and shortly afterwards the barrage came into effect. The impounding of the
339:
Edwards credited the solution to this perceived problem to a Welsh Office civil servant, Freddie Watson. Watson proposed building a
847:
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in the US, where a largely derelict port area was transformed into a thriving commercial district and tourist attraction.
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At first major water quality problems ensued which required the bay to be drained dry overnight and refilled each day.
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The barrage scheme was opposed by environmentalists and, according to a BBC investigation, by the Prime Minister
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was established to proceed with redeveloping the docklands, a sixth of the entire area of the city of Cardiff.
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Opposition to the project also came from many other quarters. One of the most prominent critics was the then
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848:"The grand promises of Cardiff Bay: Success and failure in the biggest regeneration in Welsh history"
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302:. It was one of the largest civil engineering projects in Europe during construction in the 1990s.
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The barrage has played an important role in the regeneration of the area. Attractions such as the
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422:. Morgan, like Thatcher, said that the scheme would cost too much money. It was reported by the
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included provisions for compensation for any homes damaged by the barrage and a large
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Cardiff Bay has become the first area of freshwater in Wales to be infested with
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The Cardiff Bay Arts Trust (CBAT), now known as Safle, commissioned Swiss artist
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1044:"BBC NEWS – UK – Wales – South East Wales – Tiny lake animals excite experts"
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There are two yacht clubs and three marinas associated with the barrage:
610:
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599:. The CHA has developed a Sea Angling zone on the outer breakwater arm.
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The mudflats exposed at low tide, before the construction of the barrage
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651:– sited on the north side of the river between Cardiff and Penarth.
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Low-key inauguration ceremony of Cardiff Bay Barrage November 1999
1324:
868:"Thatcher Opposition to Cardiff Barrage beaten by threat to quit"
496:
60:
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1033:
Journal of Applied Ecology 43:464–473 and Bird Study 47:102–112
663:– situated up-river of Cardiff Bay Yacht Club on the River Ely.
548:
508:
176:
890:"Audit Committee Report – Securing the Future of Cardiff Bay"
291:
995:"BBC NEWS – In Pictures – Public art at Cardiff Bay barrage"
377:
Eventually, oxygenation systems (based on those used at the
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The development was also inspired by the redevelopment of
973:"Barrage dog is one in a million – One millionth visitor"
527:
created a 2-square-kilometre (490-acre) freshwater lake.
1011:
624:
to produce a piece of public art for the CHA, entitled
582:
The seaward side of the sluices at Cardiff Bay Barrage
693:
686:The barrage was used as a special stage during the
336:high water, was seen as aesthetically unappealing.
555:have since moved onto the waterfront. In 2000 the
323:The origin of the scheme dates back to a visit by
716:displaced from Cardiff Bay settled at the nearby
1739:
657:– situated centrally, near the main road bridge.
1708:Proposed South Wales Metro stations in Cardiff
911:"BBC News – WALES – Assembly snub for barrage"
388:The barrage was opened to the public in 2001.
1119:
1062:"Cardiff Harbour Authority – Zebra Mussels"
1126:
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639:
29:
235:2,250 m/s (79,000 cu ft/s)
1315:Cardiff Central bus station (demolished)
1133:
609:
577:
534:
499:habitat for birds further east down the
465:
439:
309:
1087:Cardiff Bay Barrage on cardiffbay.co.uk
951:"Cardiff Harbour Authority – Fish Pass"
744:
1740:
845:
1107:
539:Cardiff Bay Barrage Control building.
878:from the original on 27 August 2020.
1778:Buildings and structures in Penarth
1753:Buildings and structures in Cardiff
1626:List of railway stations in Cardiff
903:
557:Cardiff Bay Development Corporation
385:connected to a salt water shaft.
356:Cardiff Bay Development Corporation
13:
1054:
965:
669:– Based higher up on the River Ely
414:(Labour), who was later to become
14:
1789:
1758:Redevelopment projects in Cardiff
1080:
511:to reach breeding grounds in the
474:Construction was undertaken by a
1698:
1247:St Mary Street & High Street
1091:
846:Kelsey, Chris (9 January 2018).
796:
787:
778:
769:
760:
751:
732:
694:Impact on the ecology of the bay
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1411:
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1027:
1016:
485:Cardiff Bay Barrage Act of 1993
461:
1005:
987:
943:
921:
882:
860:
839:
1:
832:
681:
636:Cardiff Council (see above).
391:
361:
929:"Cardiff Bay Barrage Report"
470:The fish pass on the barrage
329:Secretary of State for Wales
7:
805:
286:) lies across the mouth of
10:
1794:
872:Local Government Chronicle
605:
571:to manage the barrage, as
331:, to the largely-derelict
305:
209:1.1 km (0.68 mi)
201:7.96 m (26.1 ft)
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1397:Rail transport in Cardiff
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573:Cardiff Harbour Authority
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1283:Bus transport in Cardiff
827:Tidal Lagoon Swansea Bay
723:
698:
589:Associated British Ports
530:
266:4.5 m (15 ft)
258:200 hectares (490 acres)
1581:Lisvane & Thornhill
1320:Cardiff Bus Interchange
640:Yacht clubs and marinas
545:Wales Millennium Centre
113:Construction began
1506:Major railway stations
1471:Vale of Glamorgan Line
1340:Stagecoach South Wales
1210:and commercial streets
1012:Cardiff Bay Yacht Club
649:Cardiff Bay Yacht Club
626:3 Ellipses for 3 Locks
617:
615:3 Ellipses for 3 Locks
583:
569:Cardiff County Council
567:awarded a contract to
540:
471:
449:officiated along with
445:
349:Baltimore Inner Harbor
315:
284:Morglawdd Bae Caerdydd
283:
232:Spillway capacity
143:Construction cost
1492:Great Western Railway
1402:South Wales Main Line
1142:Motorways and A roads
983:on 26 September 2011.
613:
581:
538:
503:. Features include a
469:
443:
313:
263:Normal elevation
177:Type of dam
18:Dam in Cardiff, Wales
1518:Cardiff Queen Street
1208:Pedestrian precincts
1135:Transport in Cardiff
1100:at Wikimedia Commons
939:on 4 September 2012.
874:. 25 February 1997.
745:Views of the barrage
408:Member of Parliament
296:Queen Alexandra Dock
1763:Public art in Wales
1663:Cardiff Bay Barrage
1497:Transport for Wales
1252:Lloyd George Avenue
1242:Cowbridge Road West
1237:Cowbridge Road East
1098:Cardiff Bay Barrage
688:2010 Wales Rally GB
276:Cardiff Bay Barrage
89:51.44812°N 3.1647°W
85: /
44:Cardiff Bay Barrage
24:Cardiff Bay Barrage
1692:Proposed transport
1356:Cycling in Cardiff
1298:Capital City Green
1154:European route E30
1066:cardiffharbour.com
1050:. 25 October 2005.
1023:Cardiff Yacht Club
955:cardiffharbour.com
897:www.assembly.wales
655:Cardiff Yacht Club
618:
584:
541:
472:
446:
316:
224:Spillway type
1735:
1734:
1704:South Wales Metro
1480:Railway operators
1096:Media related to
1072:on 25 April 2016.
630:mountain climbers
398:Margaret Thatcher
333:Cardiff docklands
273:
272:
255:Surface area
171:Dam and spillways
128:Opening date
94:51.44812; -3.1647
1785:
1773:Coast of Cardiff
1702:
1668:Cardiff Waterbus
1647:Cardiff Heliport
1571:Heath High Level
1529:railway stations
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1371:Ely Valley Trail
1335:Adventure Travel
1303:Capital City Red
1128:
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1068:. Archived from
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1002:
991:
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979:. Archived from
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961:on 4 March 2016.
957:. Archived from
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935:. Archived from
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714:Common redshanks
325:Nicholas Edwards
155:Welsh Government
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1717:Cardiff Parkway
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1642:Cardiff Airport
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1576:Heath Low Level
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1513:Cardiff Central
1501:
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1415:Butetown branch
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1222:Caroline Street
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1159:A48(M) motorway
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1001:. 8 April 2007.
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718:Rhymney estuary
705:common shelduck
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667:Grangemoor Quay
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551:, shopping and
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501:Bristol Channel
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379:Swansea Barrage
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1455:Rhondda line
1447:Merthyr line
1439:Maesteg Line
1431:Coryton Line
1407:Valley lines
1381:Pont y Werin
1257:Newport Road
1070:the original
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1596:Ninian Park
1541:Cardiff Bay
1330:First Cymru
1288:Cardiff Bus
1217:Bute Street
1149:M4 motorway
812:Centre Port
553:watersports
288:Cardiff Bay
249:Cardiff Bay
192:Cardiff Bay
161:Operator(s)
108:Operational
92: /
68:Coordinates
1742:Categories
1722:Crwys Road
1673:River Taff
1621:Whitchurch
1566:Grangetown
1556:Danescourt
1536:Birchgrove
1527:Other city
1361:Taff Trail
1262:West Grove
1199:A4232 road
1194:A4161 road
1189:A4160 road
1184:A4119 road
1179:A4054 road
833:References
709:shorebirds
682:Motorsport
563:, and the
521:River Taff
515:and three
513:River Taff
392:Opposition
362:Completion
227:Controlled
77:51°26′53″N
1683:Tiger Bay
1678:River Ely
1591:Llanishen
1561:Fairwater
1423:City Line
1232:City Road
1174:A469 road
1169:A470 road
1048:bbc.co.uk
999:bbc.co.uk
915:bbc.co.uk
561:dissolved
525:River Ely
507:to allow
505:fish pass
240:Reservoir
215:Spillways
80:3°09′53″W
1712:Butetown
1606:Rhiwbina
1308:Iff card
1164:A48 road
876:Archived
806:See also
294:between
188:Impounds
151:Owner(s)
57:Location
1727:Gabalfa
1694:network
1611:Ty Glas
1586:Llandaf
1551:Coryton
1546:Cathays
1349:Cycling
1325:Fflecsi
606:Artwork
575:(CHA).
497:wetland
480:Costain
418:of the
341:barrage
306:History
245:Creates
182:Barrage
133: (
118: (
63:, Wales
61:Cardiff
49:Country
1376:NCR 88
1293:Baycar
549:Senedd
547:, The
509:salmon
491:. The
410:(MP),
327:, the
319:Origin
206:Length
198:Height
105:Status
1656:Water
1601:Radyr
893:(PDF)
724:Algae
699:Birds
531:Today
517:locks
292:Wales
280:Welsh
146:£120m
707:and
559:was
523:and
493:bill
298:and
135:2001
131:2001
120:1994
116:1994
1635:Air
1276:Bus
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