38:
312:
the proposition he had made some years ago" on his behalf. Pakenham feared that
Wellesley felt bound by promises he had made ten years earlier and was in two minds as to whether to accept the proposal. Despite his more formal proposal after he had obtained her brother's permission, she insisted that he should see her in person before committing himself. Wellesley travelled to Ireland to meet her, and although he was obviously disappointed in the change in her (he remarked to his brother "She has grown ugly, by Jove!"), went ahead with the marriage. The couple were married on 10 April 1806,
360:, that he had "repeatedly tried to live in a friendly manner with her ... but it was impossible ... & it drove him to seek that comfort & happiness abroad that was denied him at home". Harriet, the nature of whose own relations with Wellesley remains a subject of speculation, had a rather low opinion of Pakenham—"she is such a fool"—but disputed Wellesley's claim that she cared nothing for his happiness; in a rare moment of sympathy, she wrote that Pakenham wanted above all to make her husband happy, but had no idea how to do it.
433:
426:
1155:
1008:
998:
446:
United
Kingdom (Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington) impaling Quarterly of 4: 1st: Quarterly or and gules, in the first quarter an eagle displayed vert (Pakenham); 2nd: Argent, on a bend indented sable cotised azure three fleurs-de-lis argent each cotise charged with three bezants ; 3rd: Ermine, a griffin segreant azure armed and langued gules beaked or; 4th: Per bend crenellée argent and gules (Edward Pakenham, 2nd Baron Longford).
311:
Pakenham had been a pretty, vivacious girl when
Wellesley had met her ten years before, but she had been very ill in 1795–6, during his absence, and was thin, pale and in poor health by the time he informed their mutual friend Olivia Sparrow that he was returning to England and that she should "renew
331:
Though she regained something of her former health, the two did not get on well together. Wellesley was a man of action, as well as frugal and reserved, with a sharp wit; Pakenham was protective and possessive. With little in common, Wellesley could not help but give the impression that he found her
445:
Quarterly, I and IV gules, a cross argent, in each quarter five plates; II and III, Or, a lion rampant gules armed and langued Azure gorged with a coronet Or. For augmentation, an inescutcheon charged with the crosses of St. George, St. Andrew, and St. Patrick combined, being the union badge of the
409:
she had once given him, "She found it, as she would have at any time these past twenty years, had she cared to look for it" remarked
Wellington. "How strange it was", he went on to say, "that people could live together for half a lifetime and only understand each other at the end". She died on 24
355:
Wellesley remained in
Portugal and Spain during the entire Peninsular War, not returning to England until 1814. Pakenham aged quickly and became short-sighted, causing her to squint when talking. Wellesley found her vain and vacuous. It appears that she indeed loved him, but contented herself by
290:
Pakenham had met
Wellesley in Ireland when they were both young, and Wellesley, after numerous visits to the Longfords' Dublin home, made his feelings towards her clear. At the time, her family disapproved of the match as Wellesley was the third son of a large family and had little in the way of
291:
prospects. After the rejection by the
Pakenhams, Wellesley became serious about his military career, was posted to the Netherlands and India, enjoyed a spectacular rise, and seemingly forgot about Pakenham. Although she remained hopeful that they would be reunited, she admitted to a friend,
303:, but Sparrow, who was in contact with Wellesley, revealed that he still considered himself attached to her. After much soul-searching, Pakenham broke off the engagement to Cole, although she believed the stress of the affair had damaged her health.
390:
After comparison with crowds of other beaux spirits, fine ladies and fashionable scramblers for notoriety, her graceful simplicity rises in our opinion, and we feel it with more conviction of its superiority.
690:
380:. Lady Elizabeth Yorke commented that "her appearance, unfortunately, does not correspond with one's notion of an ambassadress or the wife of a hero, but she succeeds uncommonly well in her part".
1044:
683:
324:, Wellesley returned to England. Pakenham followed him and after a stay with his brother, while Wellesley continued to inhabit his bachelor's lodging, they set up home together in
1340:
1374:
1297:
676:
1369:
1139:
1442:
1011:
1171:
279:
1356:
1037:
368:
She became the
Duchess of Wellington on Wellesley's creation as the Duke of Wellington on 3 May 1814 and eventually joined him in France when he was appointed
369:
1361:
1001:
699:
93:
1030:
868:
275:
745:
1102:
848:
512:
405:
She became seriously ill in 1831, which brought
Wellington to her bedside. She ran a finger up his sleeve to find if he was still wearing an
1144:
730:
755:
263:
1097:
259:
1074:
1053:
333:
204:
139:
106:
1134:
808:
340:, in 1808, they lived apart for most of the time and occupied separate rooms in the house when they were together. Her brother,
1432:
1091:
770:
1462:
1085:
818:
813:
775:
760:
581:
547:
232:
1397:
923:
853:
255:
220:
160:
1422:
1417:
1412:
798:
1452:
1119:
1107:
843:
823:
658:
639:
609:
765:
750:
489:
479:
1129:
313:
1335:
1328:
735:
1437:
873:
1323:
1318:
37:
348:
and
Wellesley's regard for him helped to smooth his relations with Pakenham, until Ned's death at the
1447:
1427:
1457:
1195:
833:
707:
474:
267:
240:
176:
1237:
1183:
1113:
191:
1310:
1222:
1188:
1079:
918:
913:
478:
356:
doting on her sons and four adopted children. Wellesley confided to his closest female friend,
337:
144:
1282:
1124:
883:
725:
570:
536:
432:
349:
569:
535:
1407:
1402:
1022:
898:
373:
296:
271:
394:
8:
1242:
863:
740:
720:
317:
300:
236:
1212:
1259:
1227:
858:
1247:
1232:
1217:
715:
668:
654:
635:
605:
577:
543:
504:
357:
1200:
1176:
983:
953:
948:
928:
893:
793:
1305:
973:
383:
341:
248:
1207:
968:
963:
933:
878:
785:
345:
295:, after many years that she thought the "business over". She became engaged to
292:
228:
224:
1391:
1287:
978:
908:
903:
803:
325:
1154:
425:
1277:
1254:
943:
888:
244:
81:
452:
On either side a Lion Gules gorged with an Eastern Coronet and chained Or.
938:
958:
838:
484:
321:
25:
386:, however, found her "delightful" and "amiable" and commented that:
199:; 14 January 1773 – 24 April 1831), known before her marriage as
406:
216:
62:
1052:
419:
Coat of arms of Catherine Wellesley, Duchess of Wellington
377:
320:), by Wellesley's clergyman brother, Gerald. After a brief
572:
A Right Royal Scandal: Two Marriages That Changed History
227:
Catherine Pakenham" when her father succeeded as the 2nd
186:
Catherine Sarah Dorothea Wellesley, Duchess of Wellington
698:
215:Catherine Pakenham was born on 14 January 1773 in
94:Spouse of the prime minister of the United Kingdom
567:
563:
561:
559:
1443:Spouses of prime ministers of the United Kingdom
1389:
306:
223:, and the former Catherine Rowley, she became "
1103:William Wellesley-Pole, 3rd Earl of Mornington
556:
493:. Vol. 43. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
1038:
684:
332:poor company and although they had two sons,
497:
1069:Catherine Wellesley, Duchess of Wellington
1045:
1031:
691:
677:
473:
316:(while it was using a temporary chapel in
264:Elizabeth Rowley, 1st Viscountess Langford
36:
1098:Richard Wellesley, 1st Marquess Wellesley
629:
538:Wellington: The Path to Victory 1769–1814
260:Elizabeth Cuffe, 1st Countess of Longford
1054:Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington
595:
593:
363:
344:, served under Wellesley throughout the
205:Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington
140:Arthur Wellesley, 2nd Duke of Wellington
107:Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington
648:
632:The Life And Letters of Maria Edgeworth
527:
1390:
1092:Anne Wellesley, Countess of Mornington
599:
467:
1086:Garret Wesley, 1st Earl of Mornington
1026:
672:
634:. Kessinger Publishing. p. 260.
590:
542:. Yale University Press. p. 40.
233:Thomas Pakenham, 2nd Earl of Longford
190:
122:
568:Major, Joanne; Sarah Murden (2016).
533:
256:Thomas Pakenham, 1st Baron Longford
161:Edward Pakenham, 2nd Baron Longford
13:
700:Spouses of British prime ministers
431:
424:
397:described Pakenham as "adorable".
14:
1474:
1108:Henry Wellesley, 1st Baron Cowley
480:"Pakenham, Hercules Robert"
262:. Her maternal grandparents were
231:in 1776. Among her siblings were
49:Catherine Sarah Dorothea Pakenham
1153:
1007:
1006:
997:
996:
515:from the original on 8 July 2017
490:Dictionary of National Biography
285:
254:Her paternal grandparents were
118:
651:Wellington: A Personal History
16:Wife of the Duke of Wellington
1:
1433:British duchesses by marriage
1336:Wellington College, Berkshire
649:Hibbert, Christopher (2001).
576:. Pen and Sword. p. 22.
460:
210:
1463:Irish expatriates in England
874:Charlotte Campbell-Bannerman
307:Marriage to Arthur Wellesley
7:
1398:People from County Longford
505:"Langford, Baron (I, 1800)"
314:St. George's Church, Dublin
10:
1479:
622:
604:. London: Harper Collins.
511:. Heraldic Media Limited.
1423:People from County Dublin
1418:19th-century Irish people
1413:18th-century Irish people
1349:
1296:
1270:
1162:
1151:
1060:
992:
784:
706:
630:Edgeworth, Maria (2004).
602:Wellington: The Iron Duke
475:Chichester, Henry Manners
219:, Ireland. A daughter of
172:
153:
132:
100:
89:
70:
44:
35:
30:The Duchess of Wellington
23:
1453:Women of the Regency era
1196:Second Anglo-Maratha War
653:. Da Capo. p. 480.
600:Holmes, Richard (2002).
400:
299:, the second son of the
268:Hercules Langford Rowley
241:Hercules Robert Pakenham
177:Hercules Langford Rowley
1184:Fourth Anglo-Mysore War
1114:Lady Anne Culling Smith
869:Georgina Gascoyne-Cecil
413:
1238:Third Siege of Badajoz
1223:Second Battle of Porto
1189:Battle of Seringapatam
919:Elizabeth Douglas-Home
436:
429:
392:
145:Lord Charles Wellesley
1315:Wellington monuments
1283:Stratfield Saye House
884:Margaret Lloyd George
746:Mary Watson-Wentworth
731:Harriet Pelham-Holles
435:
428:
388:
364:Duchess of Wellington
350:Battle of New Orleans
342:Edward "Ned" Pakenham
1118:Nephews and nieces:
899:Clementine Churchill
297:Galbraith Lowry Cole
272:Member of Parliament
1438:Daughters of barons
1341:Cultural depictions
1311:Wellington's Column
1243:Battle of Salamanca
864:Catherine Gladstone
829:Catherine Wellesley
741:Elizabeth Grenville
534:Muir, Rory (2013).
420:
301:Earl of Enniskillen
239:; and Lt.-Gen. Sir
237:Sir Edward Pakenham
1260:Battle of Waterloo
1228:Battle of Talavera
859:Mary Anne Disraeli
849:Emma Smith-Stanley
509:Cracroft's Peerage
437:
430:
418:
280:County Londonderry
203:, was the wife of
1385:
1384:
1248:Battle of Vitoria
1233:Battle of Sabugal
1218:Battle of Vimeiro
1172:Flanders Campaign
1020:
1019:
914:Dorothy Macmillan
761:Elizabeth FitzRoy
716:Catherine Walpole
583:978-1-4738-6342-2
549:978-0-300-19860-7
458:
457:
395:Germaine de Staël
358:Harriet Arbuthnot
183:
182:
84:, London, England
1470:
1448:Wives of knights
1428:Wellesley family
1375:Hyde Park Corner
1213:Battle of Roliça
1201:Battle of Assaye
1177:Battle of Boxtel
1157:
1047:
1040:
1033:
1024:
1023:
1010:
1009:
1000:
999:
984:Victoria Starmer
954:Samantha Cameron
929:Audrey Callaghan
894:Anne Chamberlain
809:Louisa Jenkinson
794:Ursula Addington
776:Dorothy Bentinck
726:Catherine Pelham
693:
686:
679:
670:
669:
664:
645:
616:
615:
597:
588:
587:
575:
565:
554:
553:
541:
531:
525:
524:
522:
520:
501:
495:
494:
482:
471:
421:
417:
194:
165:Catherine Rowley
126:
124:
120:
77:
58:
56:
40:
21:
20:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1458:Pakenham family
1388:
1387:
1386:
1381:
1345:
1306:Wellington Arch
1292:
1266:
1164:
1158:
1149:
1056:
1051:
1021:
1016:
988:
844:Frances Russell
780:
702:
697:
667:
661:
642:
625:
620:
619:
612:
598:
591:
584:
566:
557:
550:
532:
528:
518:
516:
503:
502:
498:
472:
468:
463:
416:
403:
384:Maria Edgeworth
366:
336:, in 1807, and
309:
288:
249:King William IV
221:Edward Pakenham
213:
168:
149:
128:
116:
112:
109:
85:
79:
75:
66:
60:
59:14 January 1773
54:
52:
51:
50:
31:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1476:
1466:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1379:
1378:
1377:
1372:
1370:Royal Exchange
1364:
1359:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1313:
1308:
1302:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1291:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1264:
1263:
1262:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1208:Peninsular War
1205:
1204:
1203:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1181:
1180:
1179:
1168:
1166:
1160:
1159:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1116:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1094:
1088:
1082:
1077:
1071:
1064:
1062:
1058:
1057:
1050:
1049:
1042:
1035:
1027:
1018:
1017:
1015:
1014:
1004:
993:
990:
989:
987:
986:
981:
976:
971:
969:Carrie Johnson
966:
964:Marina Wheeler
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
934:Denis Thatcher
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
891:
886:
881:
879:Margot Asquith
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
824:Sarah Robinson
821:
816:
814:Mary Jenkinson
811:
806:
801:
799:Anne Grenville
796:
790:
788:
786:United Kingdom
782:
781:
779:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
712:
710:
704:
703:
696:
695:
688:
681:
673:
666:
665:
659:
646:
640:
626:
624:
621:
618:
617:
610:
589:
582:
555:
548:
526:
496:
465:
464:
462:
459:
456:
455:
454:
453:
450:
447:
443:
438:
415:
412:
402:
399:
365:
362:
346:Peninsular War
308:
305:
293:Olivia Sparrow
287:
284:
229:Baron Longford
225:The Honourable
212:
209:
201:Kitty Pakenham
181:
180:
174:
170:
169:
167:
166:
163:
157:
155:
151:
150:
148:
147:
142:
136:
134:
130:
129:
114:
110:
105:
104:
102:
98:
97:
91:
90:Known for
87:
86:
80:
78:(aged 58)
72:
68:
67:
61:
48:
46:
42:
41:
33:
32:
29:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1475:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1295:
1289:
1288:Walmer Castle
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1261:
1258:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1194:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1185:
1182:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1161:
1156:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1115:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1095:
1093:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1048:
1043:
1041:
1036:
1034:
1029:
1028:
1025:
1013:
1005:
1003:
995:
994:
991:
985:
982:
980:
979:Akshata Murty
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
909:Clarissa Eden
907:
905:
904:Violet Attlee
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
804:Jane Perceval
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
791:
789:
787:
783:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
721:Maria Walpole
719:
717:
714:
713:
711:
709:
708:Great Britain
705:
701:
694:
689:
687:
682:
680:
675:
674:
671:
662:
660:0-7382-0148-0
656:
652:
647:
643:
641:1-4191-6937-8
637:
633:
628:
627:
613:
611:0-00-713750-8
607:
603:
596:
594:
585:
579:
574:
573:
564:
562:
560:
551:
545:
540:
539:
530:
514:
510:
506:
500:
492:
491:
486:
481:
476:
470:
466:
451:
448:
444:
441:
440:
439:
434:
427:
423:
422:
411:
408:
398:
396:
391:
387:
385:
381:
379:
375:
371:
361:
359:
353:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
329:
327:
326:Harley Street
323:
319:
315:
304:
302:
298:
294:
286:Personal life
283:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
252:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
208:
206:
202:
198:
195:
193:
187:
179:(grandfather)
178:
175:
171:
164:
162:
159:
158:
156:
152:
146:
143:
141:
138:
137:
135:
131:
108:
103:
99:
95:
92:
88:
83:
74:24 April 1831
73:
69:
64:
47:
43:
39:
34:
27:
22:
19:
1278:Apsley House
1255:Hundred Days
1068:
1002:Category:GBR
974:Hugh O'Leary
944:Cherie Blair
889:Lucy Baldwin
854:Emily Temple
828:
819:Joan Canning
771:Louisa Petty
756:Anne FitzRoy
650:
631:
601:
571:
537:
529:
517:. Retrieved
508:
499:
488:
469:
404:
393:
389:
382:
376:'s exile to
367:
354:
330:
310:
289:
276:County Meath
253:
245:aide-de-camp
214:
200:
196:
189:
185:
184:
82:Apsley House
76:(1831-04-24)
18:
1408:1831 deaths
1403:1773 births
1012:Category:UK
949:Sarah Brown
939:Norma Major
924:Mary Wilson
751:Hester Pitt
736:Mary Stuart
485:Lee, Sidney
96:(1828–1830)
1392:Categories
1135:Priscilla
1096:Brothers:
1073:Children:
959:Philip May
839:Julia Peel
766:Anne North
461:References
449:Supporters
442:Escutcheon
370:Ambassador
318:Drumcondra
211:Early life
55:1773-01-14
1357:Aldershot
1298:Memorials
1145:Georgiana
834:Mary Grey
352:in 1815.
322:honeymoon
173:Relatives
65:, Ireland
26:Her Grace
1329:Somerset
1165:and wars
1112:Sister:
1090:Mother:
1084:Father:
519:30 April
513:Archived
477:(1895).
374:Napoleon
197:Pakenham
133:Children
1366:London
1362:Glasgow
1350:Statues
1163:Battles
1140:William
1120:Richard
1080:Charles
623:Sources
487:(ed.).
410:April.
338:Charles
235:; Gen.
154:Parents
127:
115:
111:
1324:London
1319:Dublin
1075:Arthur
1067:Wife:
1061:Family
657:
638:
608:
580:
546:
407:armlet
372:after
334:Arthur
266:, and
258:, and
217:Dublin
121:
101:Spouse
63:Dublin
1271:Homes
1130:Henry
483:. In
401:Death
125:)
117:(
113:
1125:Anne
655:ISBN
636:ISBN
606:ISBN
578:ISBN
544:ISBN
521:2020
414:Arms
378:Elba
278:and
274:for
123:1806
71:Died
45:Born
247:to
192:née
1394::
592:^
558:^
507:.
328:.
282:.
270:,
251:.
243:,
207:.
119:m.
1046:e
1039:t
1032:v
692:e
685:t
678:v
663:.
644:.
614:.
586:.
552:.
523:.
188:(
57:)
53:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.