460:
492:
451:, and Dhian Singh's nephew. As they passed through the gate stones fell from above, killing Udam Singh and injuring the prince. Dhian Singh, who was a few steps behind, immediately arranged for the prince to be taken into the fort. Nobody else was allowed into the fort, not even his mother, Chand Kaur, who beat on the fort gates with her bare hands in a fever of anxiety. Eyewitnesses stated that before he was taken into the fort the prince appeared to be only slightly injured, was conscious and asked for water. However, when his mother and friends were allowed in to see him, he was dead with severe injuries to his head.
521:, Maharani Chand Kaur Samadhi, is located near Gumat, Jammu. A magnificent gurudwara, known as Gurudwara Maharani Chand Kaur, has also been built on the same premises and the adjoining neighborhood is known as Chand Nagar. Another of her samadhi exists at The Royal Lahore Garden, to the south of her samadhi, stands the samadhi of her mother-in-law,
440:). The new Maharaja only ruled for less than four months until October 1839, when he was overthrown in a coup by his son, Nau Nihal Singh, and Dhian Singh. He was imprisoned at Lahore until his death in November 1840 from slow poisoning. Contemporary chroniclers suggest that the poison had been administered under Dhiān Siṅgh's orders.
48:
482:
On 13 January, Sher Singh arrived in Lahore. The regiments outside the city walls went over to his side, leaving Chand Kaur with 5,000 men and a limited quantity of gunpowder against a force of 26,000 infantry, 8,000 horse and 45 guns. Chand Kaur's troops in the fort fought for two days, but Dhian
474:
However, she said that Nau Nihal's widow, Maharani Sahib Kaur, was pregnant and might give birth to a rightful successor. The arrival in Lahore of two powerful opponents of Sher Singh, Sardar Atar Singh
Sandhawalia and Sardar
483:
Singh arrived on the evening of 17 January and arranged a ceasefire. Chand Kaur was persuaded to accept a pension and relinquish her claim to the throne, and on 27 January Sher Singh was formally anointed as
Maharaja.
471:, the son of Ranjit Singh's estranged first wife, Mehtab Kaur. Chand Kaur turned to Gulab Singh for support. A compromise was proposed that Chand Kaur should adopt Sher Singh's son Pratap Singh.
514:, her son, in Lahore and received a pension of 900,000 rupees. However her enemies still saw her as a threat and she was battered to death with wooden pikes by her servants on 11 June 1842.
1147:
654:
510:
In July 1841 Sahib Kaur's son was stillborn, ending any justification for Chand Kaur's claim to the regency. The dowager
Maharani retired to the
712:
1151:
432:
After the death of Ranjit Singh on 27 June 1839, Kharak Singh was appointed as his successor and Raja Dhian Singh Dogra as his
842:
589:
479:, settled the matter. On 2 December 1840 Chand Kaur was proclaimed Maharani of the Punjab, with the title Malika Muqaddasa.
1556:
605:
420:
Their son, Nau Nihal Singh, was born on 23 February 1821 and in March 1837 he married Bibi Nanaki Kaur Sahiba, daughter of
529:. In between the samadhis of the two maharanis, there is the smaller samadhi of her daughter-in-law, Maharani Sahib Kaur.
307:, proclaimed as Malika Muqaddisa (lit. Empress Immaculate) on 2 December 1840. She was born to Sardar Jaimal Singh of the
1673:
1668:
1648:
459:
1663:
745:
658:
579:
491:
448:
1116:
1678:
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997:
443:
Returning from the cremation of his father on 5 November, Nau Nihal Singh went through the gate of the
672:
1622:
1602:
1551:
1410:
1235:
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947:
942:
835:
511:
194:
1607:
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720:
405:. In February 1812, at the age of ten, she married Kunwar Kharak Singh, the eldest son of Maharaja
1531:
1495:
1007:
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1516:
1643:
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1205:
1111:
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987:
476:
777:
1521:
1390:
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1098:
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87:
377:
led a successful assault of Lahore. She was later murdered by her servants on 11 June 1842.
1658:
1653:
1526:
1420:
1225:
1078:
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1022:
828:
421:
8:
1415:
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1340:
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467:
After the deaths of Kharak Singh and Nau Nihal Singh, Dhian Singh supported the claim of
324:
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1251:
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373:. She abandoned her claim when Sahib Kaur delivered a stillborn son and rival
1637:
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47:
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504:
463:
Maharani Chand Kaur. Watercolour by a
Company artist, Punjab, ca.1865
797:
386:
215:
94:
55:
409:. In 1816, Ranjit Singh officially announced Kharak Singh as his
351:
292:
284:
Rajkumari Sahib Kaur of
Patiala (daughter of Maharaja Amar Singh)
258:
30:
1245:
437:
417:) making Chand Kaur the "Tikka Rani Sahiba" (Crown Princess).
398:
369:
for the unborn child of Nau Nihal Singh and his pregnant widow
366:
206:
198:
122:
820:
181:
638:
Sardar Singh Bhatia. "Nau Nihal Singh Kanvar (1821-1840)".
623:
Ahluwalia, M.L. "Kharak Singh, Maharaja (1801-1840)".
401:. Her father was Sardar Jaimal Singh, chief of the
713:"Nakain Kaur, Chand Kaur and Sahib Kaur's Samadhis"
525:, lovingly called Mai Nakain by her father-in-law,
342:During her husband's brief reign she served as the
652:
16:Malika Muqaddasa of the Sikh Empire from 1840–1841
1635:
637:
486:
836:
303:(1802 – 11 June 1842) was the regent of the
748:. Punjab University Patiala. Archived from
608:. Institute of Sikh Studies. Archived from
327:. In 1821 she gave birth to their only son
843:
829:
385:Chand Kaur was born in 1802 into a Sandhu
46:
1152:List of battles involving the Sikh Empire
743:
229:(present day Islamia College Civil Lines)
553:
549:
547:
545:
543:
541:
490:
458:
568:پاكستان وچ سكھاں دياں تريخى پوتر تھاواں
1636:
677:Worldwide Guide to Women in Leadership
447:with his companion Udam Singh, son of
824:
697:Hasrat, B.J. "Sher Singh, Maharaja".
622:
606:"Connecting the Dots in Sikh History"
577:
538:
357:After the deaths of both her husband
653:Harbans Singh Noor (February 2004).
354:when her son ascended the throne.
13:
806:5 November 1840 – 18 January 1841
696:
14:
1690:
655:"Death of Prince Nau Nihal Singh"
413:and anointed him "Tikka Kanwar" (
108:5 November 1840 – 18 January 1841
69:1 September 1839 – 8 October 1839
744:Harbans Singh, Editor-in-Chief.
850:
705:
657:. Sikh Spectrum. Archived from
427:
690:
665:
646:
631:
616:
598:
571:
562:
311:. In 1812, she was married to
227:Royal Garden, Lahore (Samadhi)
1:
738:
558:. Punjab University, Patiala.
673:"Women in Power (1840-1870)"
554:Bhagat Singh. "Chand Kaur".
487:Retirement and assassination
380:
7:
10:
1695:
1674:19th-century women regents
1669:19th-century Indian people
1649:Women from the Sikh Empire
1211:British East India Company
746:"Encyclopaedia of Sikhism"
1664:19th-century Indian women
1623:Treaty of Amritsar (1846)
1603:Treaty of Amritsar (1809)
1595:
1569:
1552:Johann Martin Honigberger
1509:
1411:Chattar Singh Attariwalla
1303:
1296:
1260:
1188:
1162:
1130:
1097:
1064:
1021:
913:
904:
858:
808:
795:
786:
512:haveli of Nau Nihal Singh
313:Crown Prince Kharak Singh
288:
280:
272:
257:
245:
234:
222:
195:Haveli of Nau Nihal Singh
188:
158:
154:
141:
128:
112:
104:
93:
83:
73:
65:
54:
45:
28:
23:
1613:Treaty of Chushul (1842)
1608:Tripartite Treaty (1838)
717:Lahore Sites of Interest
699:Encyclopaedia of Sikhism
640:Encyclopaedia of Sikhism
625:Encyclopaedia of Sikhism
556:Encyclopaedia of Sikhism
532:
1618:Treaty of Lahore (1846)
1496:Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana
454:
365:, she declared herself
331:, who became second in
1451:Ajit Singh Sandhawalia
1436:Mangal Singh Ramgarhia
1426:Ranjodh Singh Majithia
1406:Sher Singh Attariwalla
1401:Sham Singh Attariwalla
1297:Officials and warriors
1206:Emirate of Afghanistan
1112:Battle of Chillianwala
578:Singh, Ranjit (2013).
507:
477:Ajit Singh Sandhawalia
464:
192:11 June 1842 (aged 40)
1532:François Henri Mouton
1522:Jean-Baptiste Ventura
1361:Khushal Singh Jamadar
1148:Panchayati Revolution
1144:Hill States–Sikh Wars
1099:Second Anglo-Sikh War
527:Maharaja Ranjit Singh
494:
462:
321:Maharaja Ranjit Singh
88:Nanaki Kaur Atariwala
1679:19th-century regents
1570:Influential families
1527:Claude Auguste Court
1517:Jean-François Allard
1431:Surat Singh Majithia
1421:Lehna Singh Majithia
1226:Hill States Alliance
1079:Battle of Ferozeshah
1066:First Anglo-Sikh War
752:on 12 September 2016
422:Sham Singh Atariwala
263:Kanhaiya (by birth)
1416:Amar Singh Majithia
1351:Mahan Singh Mirpuri
1142:, Katoch–Sikh War,
523:Maharani Datar Kaur
325:Maharani Datar Kaur
276:Sardar Jaimal Singh
1577:Sandhawalia family
1491:Sultan Mahmud Khan
1476:Jarnail Ghaus Khan
1461:Sangat Singh Saini
1356:Dewan Mokham Chand
1231:Kingdom of Mankera
1107:Battle of Ramnagar
1051:Battle of Peshawar
1046:Battle of Nowshera
923:Battle of Bhangani
776:has generic name (
508:
465:
395:Gurdaspur District
333:line of succession
174:Gurdaspur district
40:Empress Immaculate
1631:
1630:
1565:
1564:
1537:Alexander Gardner
1456:Kahan Singh Nakai
1441:Akali Phula Singh
1321:Diwan Bhawani Das
1158:
1157:
1089:Battle of Sobraon
1041:Battle of Shopian
819:
818:
809:Succeeded by
591:978-93-5113-048-2
584:. Unistar Books.
495:Rani Chand Kaur,
391:Fatehgarh Churian
335:to the throne of
298:
297:
165:Fatehgarh Churian
38:Malika Muqaddasa
1686:
1386:Balbhadra Kunwar
1346:Hari Singh Nalwa
1336:Misr Diwan Chand
1326:Diwan Buta Singh
1301:
1300:
1241:Barakzai dynasty
1216:Kingdom of Nepal
1170:Sikh Khalsa Army
1122:Battle of Gujrat
1084:Battle of Aliwal
1056:Battle of Jamrud
1036:Battle of Multan
1031:Battle of Attock
1023:Afghan–Sikh wars
915:Mughal-Sikh Wars
911:
910:
845:
838:
831:
822:
821:
787:Preceded by
784:
783:
781:
775:
771:
769:
761:
759:
757:
733:
732:
730:
728:
719:. Archived from
709:
703:
702:
694:
688:
687:
685:
683:
669:
663:
662:
661:on 26 June 2013.
650:
644:
643:
635:
629:
628:
620:
614:
613:
612:on 5 March 2016.
602:
596:
595:
575:
569:
566:
560:
559:
551:
150:
137:
116:2 December 1840
50:
21:
20:
1694:
1693:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1685:
1684:
1683:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1591:
1582:Majithia family
1561:
1542:Paolo Avitabile
1505:
1486:Fakir Azizuddin
1396:Mehta Basti Ram
1316:Diwan Dina Nath
1292:
1256:
1236:Namgyal dynasty
1184:
1163:Military forces
1154:
1126:
1117:Siege of Multan
1093:
1074:Battle of Mudki
1060:
1017:
906:
900:
876:Nau Nihal Singh
854:
849:
815:
805:
793:
790:Nau Nihal Singh
773:
772:
763:
762:
755:
753:
741:
736:
726:
724:
723:on 4 March 2016
711:
710:
706:
695:
691:
681:
679:
671:
670:
666:
651:
647:
636:
632:
621:
617:
604:
603:
599:
592:
576:
572:
567:
563:
552:
539:
535:
489:
457:
430:
383:
363:Nau Nihal Singh
350:and became the
329:Nau Nihal Singh
264:
252:Nau Nihal Singh
230:
228:
209:
193:
171:
163:
148:
135:
133:Nau Nihal Singh
117:
39:
37:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1692:
1682:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1599:
1597:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1573:
1571:
1567:
1566:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1559:
1557:Henry Lawrence
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1513:
1511:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1503:
1501:Sohan Lal Suri
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1307:
1305:
1298:
1294:
1293:
1291:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1264:
1262:
1258:
1257:
1255:
1254:
1252:Maqpon Dynasty
1249:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1201:Durrani Empire
1198:
1192:
1190:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1136:Nepal–Sikh War
1134:
1132:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1103:
1101:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1070:
1068:
1062:
1061:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1027:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
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945:
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935:
930:
925:
919:
917:
908:
902:
901:
899:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
862:
860:
856:
855:
848:
847:
840:
833:
825:
817:
816:
810:
807:
800:regent of the
794:
788:
740:
737:
735:
734:
704:
689:
664:
645:
630:
615:
597:
590:
581:Golden Crystal
570:
561:
536:
534:
531:
488:
485:
456:
453:
429:
426:
382:
379:
296:
295:
290:
286:
285:
282:
278:
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274:
270:
269:
261:
255:
254:
249:
243:
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236:
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226:
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190:
186:
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160:
156:
155:
152:
151:
143:
139:
138:
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126:
125:
114:
110:
109:
106:
102:
101:
97:regent of the
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
67:
63:
62:
52:
51:
43:
42:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1691:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1644:Sikh emperors
1642:
1641:
1639:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1594:
1588:
1587:Tiwana family
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1568:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1547:Josiah Harlan
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1512:
1508:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1391:Jawahar Singh
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1366:Zorawar Singh
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1299:
1295:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1278:Harkishangarh
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1259:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1196:Mughal Empire
1194:
1193:
1191:
1187:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1140:Sino-Sikh war
1137:
1133:
1129:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1096:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1008:Gurdas Nangal
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
983:Chappar Chiri
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
920:
918:
916:
912:
909:
903:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
863:
861:
857:
853:
846:
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1481:Ilahi Bakhsh
1341:Diwan Mulraj
1331:Pratap Singh
1288:Zorawar Fort
943:2nd Anandpur
938:1st Anandpur
896:Duleep Singh
880:
871:Kharak Singh
866:Ranjit Singh
796:
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725:. Retrieved
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415:Crown prince
407:Ranjit Singh
384:
359:Kharak Singh
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239:Kharak Singh
149:(as monarch)
136:(as monarch)
29:
18:
1659:1842 deaths
1654:1802 births
1466:Hukma Singh
1381:Gulab Singh
1311:Dhian Singh
1283:Lahore Fort
1273:Multan Fort
1268:Jamrud Fort
1221:Qing Empire
1189:Adversaries
1175:Fauj-i-Khas
852:Sikh Empire
802:Sikh Empire
503:& Raja
449:Gulab Singh
445:Hazuri Bagh
348:Sikh Empire
305:Sikh Empire
266:Sukerchakia
203:Sikh Empire
169:Sikh Empire
129:Predecessor
119:Lahore Fort
99:Sikh Empire
74:Predecessor
60:Sikh Empire
58:consort of
35:Sikh Empire
1638:Categories
1510:Foreigners
1471:Veer Singh
1446:Chandu Lal
1180:Fauj-i-Ain
886:Sher Singh
881:Chand Kaur
814:as monarch
812:Sher Singh
792:as monarch
756:2 February
739:References
682:6 February
469:Sher Singh
389:family in
375:Sher Singh
371:Sahib Kaur
315:, son and
301:Chand Kaur
146:Sher Singh
113:Coronation
78:Datar Kaur
24:Chand Kaur
1376:Lal Singh
1371:Tej Singh
1248:of Poonch
998:Jalalabad
907:conflicts
891:Jind Kaur
727:25 August
505:Lal Singh
499:, Sardar
381:Biography
241:(m. 1812)
142:Successor
84:Successor
1596:Treaties
978:Sadhaura
948:Chamkaur
905:Military
798:Maharani
766:cite web
387:Jat Sikh
361:and son
289:Religion
216:Pakistan
95:Maharani
56:Maharani
1304:Natives
1246:Sudhans
993:Lohgarh
973:Sirhind
963:Sonepat
958:Muktsar
519:samadhi
393:in the
352:Rajmata
346:of the
293:Sikhism
105:Regency
31:Rajmata
1131:Others
968:Samana
933:Basoli
928:Nadaun
859:Rulers
588:
438:vizier
399:Punjab
367:regent
337:Punjab
281:Mother
273:Father
235:Spouse
223:Burial
212:Punjab
207:Punjab
199:Lahore
178:Punjab
123:Lahore
66:Tenure
1261:Forts
1013:Delhi
1003:Jammu
988:Rahon
953:Sarsa
533:Notes
434:wazir
259:House
247:Issue
182:India
778:help
758:2013
729:2017
684:2013
586:ISBN
517:Her
455:Rule
323:and
189:Died
162:1802
159:Born
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