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In India he lived in poverty for a while and then began to follow the system of
Serampore to be involved in education. He then became involved in establishing a school for the children of Europeans as well as one for Indians where the children paid for the education by working on plantations. The
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while also teaching at an orphanage under Johann Georg Knapp. He was ordained in 1769 at
Copenhagen and went with the mission to Tranquebar along with Wilhelm Jacobus MĂĽller, leaving on 16 March 1771 after a previous plan to sail on January 6, 1770, had to be cancelled due to winter ice.
35:(Tharangambadi). He promoted schools, natural theology, and collected specimens of local natural history which he sent to collaborators and several species have been named from his collections including the plant
394:
MacGregor, Arthur (2018-04-24). "European
Enlightenment in India: an Episode of Anglo-German Collaboration in the Natural Sciences on the Coromandel Coast, Late 1700s–Early 1800s". In MacGregor, A. (ed.).
149:
John married
Christina Sophia Guldberg at Tranquebar on 27 November 1776. John suffered from blindness and lung disease and died of a stroke in Tranquebar and is buried at the New Jerusalem Cemetery.
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after him. John could speak
English, Portuguese and Tamil apart from German. John fell afoul of many in the mission and faced much opposition to his involvement in education.
142:(1772–1800), a former student of John, made two visits to Tranquebar. John called Lebeck as the crown of his former educational establishment and had Bloch name the fish
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funding crunch was brought on by the clash between
England and Denmark and John made use of local teachers. John was influenced into the study of natural history by
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628:
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Naturalists in the Field: Collecting, Recording and
Preserving the Natural World from the Fifteenth to the Twenty-First Century
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to priest Julius
Gerhard (1708–1780) and Catharina Dorothea Pyrläus (c. 1710–1780). He studied theology at the university of
235:"Translating Nature: Changes in the perception and utilization of Science in the Halle Mission in South India, c. 1706-1813"
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114:. He used sessions of observation under the microscope as part of his religious teaching. In 1770 he visited
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and began to collect specimens. He sent fishes, along with illustrations made by natives to
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527:. Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, V. Die Junge Mommsen E.
8:
253:
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548:"The schools of Tranquebar: An educational field of cultural encounters and conflicts"
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known as testaceotheology or the use of molluscs for preaching. Patrick
Russell named
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27:(11 August 1747 – 1 September 1813) was a German missionary in the service of the
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and corresponded with him subsequently. Chemnitz was a promoter of a form of
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455:"A Tamil Pietist in Ceylon: The Educational Experiments of Christian David"
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History of the
Tranquebar mission worked out from the original papers
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Der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin, Neue Schriften
178:. Tranquebar: Evangelical Lutheran Mission Press. pp. 287–294.
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in Berlin. He began a botanical garden and sent plant specimens to
49:
292:"Missionaries and Clergymen as Botanists in India and Pakistan"
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89:
599:
Travel notes "Reisetagebuch von Christoph Samuel John"
191:"The long history of child sponsorship, c. 1700–1950"
20:
Profile engraving by Gottlob August Liebe (1746–1819)
432:"Beschreibng und Abbildung des Uranoscopus lebeckii"
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500:Jackson, E.M. (1999). Anderson, Gerald H. (ed.).
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31:in southern India at the Danish settlement of
502:Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions
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459:International Journal of Asian Christianity
504:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 334.
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349:"Western Science in India before 1850"
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353:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
242:Indian Journal of History of Science
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517:"Das soziale Leben der Naturdinge"
77:John was born in FrobersgrĂĽn near
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552:Review of Development and Change
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254:10.16943/ijhs/2019/v54i4/49772
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546:Grinder-Hansen, Keld (2009).
233:Jensen, Niklas Thode (2019).
172:Fenger, J. Ferdinand (1863).
153:
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515:Geisen, Nico (2020-09-22).
453:Balmforth, Mark E. (2020).
401:. Brill. pp. 365–392.
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347:Larwood, H. J. C. (1962).
290:Stewart, Ralph R. (1982).
138:after him. The naturalist
471:10.1163/25424246-00301004
407:10.1163/9789004323841_014
365:10.1017/S0035869X00120544
565:10.1177/0972266120090105
189:Kaell, Hillary (2022).
208:10.1093/hisres/htab031
140:Heinrich Julius Lebeck
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25:Christoph Samuel John
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639:Lutheranism in India
108:Marcus Élieser Bloch
100:Johann Gerhard König
29:Danish-Halle Mission
624:German missionaries
430:John, C.S. (1801).
195:Historical Research
47:and the fish genus
144:Uranoscopus lebeck
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521:Die junge Mommsen
416:978-90-04-32384-1
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132:and Bloch named
124:natural theology
112:William Roxburgh
53:and the species
38:Impatiens johnii
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135:Lutjanus johnii
104:Patrick Russell
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56:Lutjanus johnii
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279:on 2020-02-15.
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41:, the snake
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619:1813 deaths
614:1747 births
129:Eryx johnii
44:Eryx johnii
608:Categories
442:: 283–287.
154:References
33:Tranquebar
582:200125948
574:0972-2661
487:216162639
479:2542-4238
381:163654885
373:1356-1863
326:0040-0262
270:213766307
262:0019-5235
217:0950-3471
120:Elsinore
334:1220590
106:and to
50:Johnius
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330:JSTOR
296:Taxon
277:(PDF)
266:S2CID
248:(4).
238:(PDF)
83:Halle
79:Greiz
570:ISSN
475:ISSN
411:ISBN
369:ISSN
322:ISSN
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560:doi
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