461:, finish with an instructive moral, and are narrated by someone who claims to have seen the events himself. These stories consisted of anecdotes, jokes, legends, and tales involving mystical, fantastical or legendary elements. The authors did not want to present their works as fiction, but modeled themselves on the literary style of the biographies in the official histories. They went so far as to credit specific people as authorities for the story, however fantastic, and give particular times and places as settings. The authors of these tales were also more careful about the art of storytelling than authors of earlier works, and a number of them have well-developed plots.
1253:
670:, seduces the impoverished scholar Zheng. Although Zheng discovers that she is actually a fox, he continues the relationship. Because of his genuine affection and the help of his relative Wei Yin, Renshi marries Zheng as his concubine. At some point, Wei also falls in love with the beautiful Renshi and courts her, but Renshi, being true, is unmoved and refuses him. Years later, Zheng has to journey to take up an official post and wants Renshi to go with him. Renshi is unwilling but is eventually persuaded. She is killed on their way by hounds.Another notable
945:. The story involves a young student who falls in love with the famous courtesan Li Wa. Having spent all his money on Li Wa, he is abandoned by Li Wa and her Madam and then beaten by his father. Injured and impoverished, he roams the street as a beggar until meeting Li Wa again. Li Wa changes her heart and takes him in. She makes him study hard for the examinations. After he successfully passes the examinations, his father reconciles with him and accepts his marriage with Li Wa. The story concludes in a rare happy ending.
1004:, Chunyu Fen, an unsuccessful officer drinks himself to sleep and dreams about a kingdom where he experiences the ups and downs of life and gains wealth and fame, but when he wakes, he finds that the kingdom is merely a large ants' nest. Chunyu Fen then eschews money and women and becomes a Taoist, although he still feels somewhat attached to the ants' nest. The story satirised the corruption and scramble for power among officials. In terms of satire and writing, it is superior to
343:
619:. There was a great number of new writers and new works. The stories of this period are generally of high quality and rich in both content and form. Although the influence of the old gods and demons fiction still lingered, many stories had begun to reflect reality instead of telling mere fantasies.The themes are mainly satire, love and history, among which love is the best explored. Some of the best
997:
in the exams and is made an official, but is later exiled because of slanders. When he is in despair, he is pardoned and given back his former position. Later in his dream-life he marries, has a large family and finally dies at the age of eighty. When he wakes up, the rice is not yet cooked. Thus he
992:
is a story that advises people to give up the desire for fame and gain. In the story, a student who has failed the examination many times meets a Taoist monk who gives him a porcelain pillow. When the student receives the pillow, the owner of the inn is cooking rice. The student sleeps on the pillow
965:
written in Early Tang dynasty tells the story of how Wang Du from the Sui dynasty receives an ancient mirror from Hou of Fenyin and slays demons with its help; Liu Yi zhuan by Li
Chaowei tells the story of how Liu Yi, when passing the north bank of Jing River after failing the examinations, meets a
925:
with the most long-lasting influence on later generations. The student Zhang meets Cui
Yingying in a temple and falls in love. After a while, they establish a secret sexual relationship and meet each other at night. Months later, Zhang leaves to take the examination and abandons Yingying, believing
598:
is considered to be of the highest quality. In the story, after a white ape abducts a beauty, the husband of the woman enters the ape's palace, kills the white ape and rescues her. The complex personality of the white ape is portrayed in a realistic and fascinating way, making the story a classic
529:
In the Tang dynasty, the increasing social productivity and booming economy led to rising demand for entertainments and cultural activities. The development of urban economy also offered a variety of themes and source material for writers. Intellectuals began to write invented stories in order to
934:
and courtesan Huo Xiaoyu. They originally vow to be life-long lovers, but Xiaoyu worries that their relationship will not last, so she asks Li Yi to put off their marriage for eight years. Having successfully passed the examination, Li Yi becomes an official. Immediately afterwards, he marries a
794:
promoted that literature should be a vehicle for ideology, highlighted the educational function of literature and in turn disapproved of unorthodox plots, the freedom and creativity of authors were limited. In the meantime, the rise to popularity of vernacular novels reduced novels in classical
491:
to have a complete structure and the best works usually meet this standard while having a complex plot. Characterisation-wise, emphasis is laid on the description of a character's psychology and the portrayal of round characters, which is achieved by drawing attention to details and providing
478:
usually begins with basic information of the main character—their year of birth and death, origin, noteworthy ancestors and their titles—and end with comments on the event or the character. The origin of the story would also be explained so as to prove its authenticity. Poetry, both in
1179:
and their respective ends—when they flee from the rebellion, the emperor is forced to sentence Yang to death at Mawei
Courier Station; after the rebellion is suppressed, the emperor is also forced to abdicate. In the end of the story the emperor meets Yang again in his dream.
1094:, who, in order to scare away an enemy of her master, steals their prized golden box from their bedside at night. She later leaves her master to become a bhikkhuni. Similar characters include Xie Xiao'e from Xie Xiao'e zhuan and Nie Yinniang from the eponymous
935:
woman from his own elevated social status and avoids Xiaoyu. Xiaoyu falls gravely ill. Dying, she reprimands and curses Li Yi. As a result of the curse, he becomes extremely jealous and abusive, so much so that none of his marriages can last.
324:
stories have a complicated plot with twists and detailed descriptions and are meaningful literary creations instead of mere recordings of factual events. They are some of the earliest
Chinese literature written in the form of
661:
was separate from the traditional gods and demons stories and where the focus of a story shifted from the recounting of strange events to the literary use of language and the portrayal of characters. In
498:
by Shen Jiji, for example, allows readers to see the characters from multiple perspectives and, with its witty dialogues, gives a cleverly-drawn picture of the triangular relationship of the characters.
513:
is better at describing scenery, emotions, setting atmosphere and achieving these goals with poetry. Content-wise, its purpose having developed from telling strange stories to reflecting reality,
521:
as an example, it reflects the phenomenon that men with a certain social status would do anything to marry a woman of the same status, even abandoning the love they shared with a common woman.
1203:
Annotated translations of six tales. The
Introduction, "Notes for a History of the Translation of Tang Tales," gives a history of the translation of the tales and the scholarship on them.
966:
shepherdess, who turns out to be the daughter of the Dragon King, abused by her husband, and helps her send words to her father. In order to give lessons or express satire,
1082:, the protagonist, beautiful Wushuang, after being abducted to a harem, is given a rare potion which allows her to fake death for three days and is thus rescued by a
811:
In Ming and Qing dynasties, vernacular novels were far more popular than those written in classical
Chinese. Many of the latter imitated the themes and writing of
487:, is largely used to express emotions, describe a person or scenery, make comments or to mark a turn in the plot. Structure-wise, it is important for
1033:
is particular not because of its beautiful writing, but because it uses a ghost story to reveal the secrets behind an assassination of an emperor.
915:
show criticism to the traditional concept that one must not marry out of their social class and celebrate freedom of choice in love and marriage.
1102:
is set in at the end of the Sui dynasty when warlords fought for power. The curly-bearded guest seeks to dominate the kingdom, but realises that
411:
Buddhist tales written in the colloquial). Certain scholars hold the opinion that all fictional stories written in
Classical Chinese except
790:
by an anonymous author. Among these, the works of Yue Shi are the most outstanding. In the Song dynasty, because the prominent philosophy,
1697:
162:
682:. Liushi is abducted by a foreign general in a rebellion before being rescued by the fierce warrior Xu Jun and finally reunited with
750:
tells the amazing story of Nie
Yinniang's youth—how she learns martial arts and spells under the guidance of an extraordinary
1785:
1225:(New York: Harcourt, 1964 Translated by Christopher Levenson from Wolfgang Bauer's and Herbert Franke's German translations.)
855:
835:
433:
607:
recounts the love affair a man has with two female immortals; graphic description of intercourse can be found in the story.
572:
written was limited and their general quality was not as high. The works of that period also bear heavy influence from the
204:. The term often refers specifically to fictions written in the Tang dynasty, in which case the fictions are also called
1615:
1543:
1643:
1452:
1403:
1303:
1200:
1838:
1833:
393:. Some scholars have argued that it is not to be used as a general term for all Tang dynasty stories. The scholars
961:, influenced by the tradition from the Six Dynasties, contains ideas from both Buddhism and Taoism. For example,
545:
so as to gain favour from the examiners, which led to the popularity of the form of fiction. An example is that
1709:
1677:
1575:
1476:
1427:
1376:
1344:
1237:
1215:
549:
by Li Fuyan was written during an examination. However, some scholars think this belief is without foundation.
470:
31:
1110:
so that the latter can help Li Shimin take the throne. Then the curly-bearded guest leaves to be the king of
657:
written in 781 AD by Shen Jiji is a masterpiece. It marks the beginning of a new era for Tang fiction, where
590:
by Zhang Zhuo. They were all written during the reigns of
Emperor Gaozong and Empress Wu Zetian. None of the
47:
1228:"The World in a Pillow: Classical Tales of the Tang dynasty," in John Minford, and Joseph S. M. Lau, ed.,
169:
146:
1189:
1006:
988:
972:
849:
309:
244:
1813:
1828:
754:, chooses her own husband, which is unorthodox considering the time period, and does heroic deeds.
1103:
917:
903:
629:
561:
501:
260:
1044:
fictions often reflect the hope for justice and salvation in a time of unrest. Notable works of
1107:
1805:
1440:
1000:
978:
284:
457:
of the Tang period frequently use incidental poems, set their story in the national capital
226:, was first formed in Early Tang dynasty, became popular in Middle Tang and dwindled in the
1744:
1422:(New York: Columbia University Press, 1978; Reprinted: Boston: Cheng & Tsui, 1986.
538:
1210:(New York: Columbia University Press, 1978). Reprinted: Boston: Cheng & Tsui, 1986.
706:
writers to tell mysterious stories unrelated to real life. There emerged many works about
8:
1164:
815:
from Tang and Song dynasties. Certain scholars also categorise them in a broad sense as
530:
show off their literary talent. They are all factors that resulted in the popularity of
1266:
1106:
is destined to be emperor after meeting him. Therefore, he gives all his possession to
941:, with its clear structure and unpredictable, moving plot, is one of the best works of
255:
1781:
1705:
1673:
1639:
1611:
1571:
1539:
1472:
1448:
1423:
1399:
1372:
1340:
1299:
1271:
1233:
1211:
1196:
937:
893:
643:
402:
274:
197:
123:
115:
1232:(New York; Hong Kong: Columbia University Press; The Chinese University Press, 2000
1163:
focuses on the events that happened when the
Emperor Xuanzong of Tang fled from the
480:
953:
791:
651:. They all have a diversity of realistic characters, which make them the classics.
574:
505:
has also created layered characters. Technique-wise, compared to fictions from the
329:
and have provided valuable inspiration plot-wise and in other ways for fiction and
316:
218:
80:
517:
has a large range of themes and reflects different aspects of the society. Taking
1809:
1775:
1393:
1334:
821:
683:
679:
381:
which was the first modern critical edition of the texts and helped to establish
335:
389:, and there are debates regarding what fictions precisely should be included as
54:
38:
139:
132:
101:
1822:
1471:(Ann Arbor: Center for Chinese Studies, The University of Michigan, 1997;
833:
by Ma Zhongxi, and "The Taoist of Lao Mountain", "Xia nu" and "Hong Yu" from
799:. The only fictional work from this period that can be counted as chuanqi is
506:
370:
is established by usage. In the early 1920s the prominent author and scholar
330:
223:
1258:
1075:
931:
898:
735:
722:
699:
653:
648:
494:
420:
375:
363:
305:
279:
250:
227:
201:
87:
1118:
has reached an unsurpassed peak in fictions written in classical Chinese.
751:
1176:
840:
458:
428:
326:
193:
155:
342:
1631:
1063:
983:
394:
289:
1025:
written by Li Fuyan in Late Tang dynasty are also noteworthy works of
1168:
1139:
1132:
1054:
908:
716:
667:
634:
565:
385:
as the term by which they are known. There is no clear definition of
265:
1695:
1371:(in Simplified Chinese). Shanghai: Shanghai Guji Publishing House.
1154:
686:.After the 820s, intellectuals gradually lost interest in writing
333:
in later eras. Many were preserved in the 10th-century anthology,
1570:(in Simplified Chinese). 倪慶餼譯. Beijing: Renmin University Press.
1538:(in Chinese). 韋凌譯. Shanghai: East China Normal University Press.
1467:"The form and content of Chuanqi," in Wilt Idema and Lloyd Haft.
819:. Typical works from this period include "Jin feng chai ji" from
743:
407:
144:
1218:. Includes 26 selections, ranging from the Tang dynasty to 1916.
1083:
826:
707:
678:
by Xu Yaozuo, a story about the courtesan Liushi and her lover
578:
popular in the Six dynasty. Only three works are extant today:
371:
350:
623:
are love stories about unions and separations. Representative
1111:
484:
427:
was written. These scholars hold that many of the stories in
238:(heroes and knights-errant) and history. Well known works of
1812:
Ulrich Theobald, Department of Chinese and Korean Studies,
1672:(in Simplified Chinese). 李慶譯. 上海: 上海古籍出版社. pp. 26–37.
926:
her to be untrue. His friends all approve of his decision.
1293:
167:
1195:(Singapore and Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific, 2010).
1638:(in Traditional Chinese). 上海: 上海古籍出版社. pp. 74–81.
795:
Chinese to second place and also led to the decline of
1175:
tells the love story between the Emperor Xuanzong and
970:
are often about supernatural beings or another world.
774:
written in the Song dynasty is few. Some examples are
746:
slave who saves the lover of his master from a harem.
1298:(in Simplified Chinese). 北京: 中華書局. pp. 203–252.
120:
106:
92:
1248:
1223:
The Golden Casket: Chinese Novellas of Two Millennia
594:
written in High Tang still remains.Among the three,
1420:
Traditional Chinese Stories: Themes and Variations.
1208:
Traditional Chinese Stories: Themes and Variations.
596:
Supplement to Jiang Zong's Biography of a White Ape
584:
Supplement to Jiang Zong's Biography of a White Ape
1700:Traditional Chinese Stories: Themes and Variations
1533:
1086:. Heroic female characters are greatly praised in
1696:馬幼垣（Y. W. Ma）、劉紹銘（Joseph S. M. Lau）, ed. (1978).
948:
1820:
537:Certain scholars believe that candidates of the
1398:. Vol. 1. World Scientific. p. xiii.
998:realises that life is no more than a dream. In
401:as a general term for short stories written in
1747:(in Traditional Chinese). 國立台灣大學文學院佛學數位圖書館暨博物館
1610:(in Simplified Chinese). 益西拉姆等譯. 上海: 復旦大學出版社.
405:during the Tang and Song dynasties (excluding
541:in the Tang dynasty often handed in works of
234:has four main themes: love, gods and demons,
52:
36:
1445:Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of Literature
1167:and the discussions between the emperor and
758:by an anonymous author is also a well-known
1183:
445:is sometimes translated as "marvel tales."
1773:
1630:
1447:. Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster. 1995.
1391:
993:and dreams that he successfully becomes a
806:
1339:(in Traditional Chinese). Taipei: 正中書局.
568:. In Early and High Tang, the number of
341:
339:(Extensive Records of the Taiping Era).
1704:. New York: Columbia University Press.
474:. Therefore, like in historic records,
16:Classical Chinese fictional short story
1821:
1732:(in Traditional Chinese). 北京: 人民文學出版社.
1691:
1689:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1505:
552:
122:
1723:
1721:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1418:Y. W. Ma and Joseph S. M. Lau. ed.,
1328:
1326:
1324:
1289:
1287:
1206:Y. W. Ma and Joseph S. M. Lau. ed.,
856:Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio
836:Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio
434:Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio
362:Referring to fictions written in the
1605:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1221:Wolfgang Bauer, and Herbert Franke,
1114:. The characterisation of heroes in
1777:Tang Dynasty Tales: A Guided Reader
1736:
1686:
1667:
1652:
1624:
1565:
1552:
1395:Tang Dynasty Tales: A Guided Reader
1332:
1294:倪豪士（William H. Nienhauser） (2007).
1193:Tang dynasty Tales: A Guided Reader
1116:The Tale of the Curly-Bearded Guest
1100:The Tale of the Curly-Bearded Guest
1072:The Tale of the Curly-Bearded Guest
879:Love is the most explored theme of
732:The Tale of the Curly-Bearded Guest
302:The Tale of the Curly-Bearded Guest
13:
1727:
1718:
1584:
1482:
1366:
1321:
1284:
1036:
702:, it was once again the trend for
615:Middle Tang was the golden age of
448:
374:prepared an anthology of Tang and
14:
1850:
1798:
1353:
1251:
1774:Nienhauser, William H. (2010).
1767:
1758:
1745:"〈試論中國小說跟佛教的「龍王」傳說在華人社會中的相互影響〉"
1742:
1392:Nienhauser, William H. (2010).
765:
168:
145:
1469:A Guide to Chinese Literature.
1461:
1433:
1412:
1385:
1312:
949:Zhiguai (tales of the strange)
610:
560:appeared during the reigns of
524:
471:Records of the Grand Historian
468:is under great influence from
121:
107:
93:
53:
37:
1:
1277:
1090:. For example, Hongxian from
930:tells the story between poet
710:"heroes and knights-errant".
357:
1230:Classical Chinese Literature
756:A Daughter of the Wei Family
693:
7:
1534:莫宜佳（Monika Motsch） (2008).
1244:
1190:Nienhauser, William H., Jr.
963:Record of an Ancient Mirror
911:. The love stories told in
586:by an anonymous author and
464:The narrative structure of
431:'s 17th-century collection
254:(The Story of Lady Ren) by
10:
1855:
1126:Historical fictions among
1121:
1007:The World Inside a Pillow
989:The World Inside a Pillow
973:The World Inside a Pillow
862:
786:by Qian Yi or Liu Fu and
245:The World Inside a Pillow
181:
161:
154:
138:
131:
114:
100:
86:
79:
74:
70:
62:
46:
30:
26:
21:
1668:江炳堂 (1992). 內田道夫 (ed.).
1184:Translations and studies
1152:by Chen Hong as well as
801:Zhi cheng Zhang zhu guan
762:written in this period.
492:different perspectives.
347:Tang Song Chuanqi Vol. 2
32:Traditional Chinese
1839:Tang dynasty literature
1834:Chinese literary genres
1318:Idema and Haft, p. 139.
1150:Dong cheng fu lao zhuan
1031:Xin Gongping shang xian
874:
807:Ming and Qing dynasties
582:supposedly by Wang Du,
423:the last dynasty where
192:is a form of fictional
48:Simplified Chinese
1814:University of Tübingen
1764:王汝濤.《宦官殺皇帝的秘錄探微》臨沂師專學報
1240:), pp. 1019-1076.
1048:on this theme include
928:The Tale of Huo Xiaoyu
889:The Tale of Huo Xiaoyu
871:has four main themes:
780:Yang Taizhen wai zhuan
639:The Tale of Huo Xiaoyu
354:
270:The Tale of Huo Xiaoyu
1159:by Anonymous Author.
1001:The Governor of Nanke
979:The Governor of Nanke
831:The Wolf of Zhongshan
738:are famous examples.
599:among early works of
353:, 1928 first edition.
345:
285:The Governor of Nanke
66:transmission strange
1780:. World Scientific.
1336:《[中國傳奇小說史話]》
1080:The Tale of Wushuang
1050:The Tale of Wushuang
918:Yingying's Biography
904:Yingying's Biography
887:about love includes
712:The Tale of Wushuang
630:Yingying's Biography
539:imperial examination
519:Yingying's Biography
502:Yingying's Biography
261:Yingying's Biography
216:originated from the
200:first formed in the
1165:An Lushan Rebellion
1161:Gao Lishi wai zhuan
788:Li Shishi wai zhuan
627:about love include
553:Early and High Tang
397:and Lloyd Haft see
1267:Chinese literature
1173:Chang hen ge zhuan
1146:Chang hen ge zhuan
1020:Xin Gongping shang
986:are two examples.
742:is the story of a
641:by Jiang Fang and
419:, thus making the
355:
294:Chang hen ge zhuan
1787:978-981-4287-28-9
1272:Chuanqi (theatre)
1070:by Yuan Jiao and
976:by Shen Jiji and
938:The Tale of Li Wa
894:The Tale of Li Wa
730:by Yuan Jiao and
644:The Tale of Li Wa
403:classical Chinese
308:. Unlike general
300:by Yuan Jiao and
275:The Tale of Li Wa
198:Classical Chinese
185:
184:
177:
176:
81:Standard Mandarin
1846:
1792:
1791:
1771:
1765:
1762:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1752:
1740:
1734:
1733:
1725:
1716:
1715:
1693:
1684:
1683:
1665:
1650:
1649:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1603:
1582:
1581:
1563:
1550:
1549:
1531:
1480:
1465:
1459:
1458:
1437:
1431:
1430:), pp. xxi-xxii.
1416:
1410:
1409:
1389:
1383:
1382:
1364:
1351:
1350:
1330:
1319:
1316:
1310:
1309:
1291:
1261:
1256:
1255:
1254:
1060:Xie Xiao'e zhuan
1016:The Engaging Inn
853:are included in
843:. Notably, both
792:Neo-Confucianism
575:zhiguai xiaoshuo
441:. In this case,
317:zhiguai xiaoshuo
219:zhiguai xiaoshuo
173:
172:
171:
150:
149:
148:
127:
126:
125:
110:
109:
96:
95:
72:
71:
58:
57:
42:
41:
19:
18:
1854:
1853:
1849:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1844:
1843:
1829:Chinese fiction
1819:
1818:
1801:
1796:
1795:
1788:
1772:
1768:
1763:
1759:
1750:
1748:
1741:
1737:
1726:
1719:
1712:
1694:
1687:
1680:
1670:〈夢與現實——「傳奇」的世界〉
1666:
1653:
1646:
1629:
1625:
1618:
1604:
1585:
1578:
1564:
1553:
1546:
1532:
1483:
1479:), pp. 134-139.
1466:
1462:
1455:
1439:
1438:
1434:
1417:
1413:
1406:
1390:
1386:
1379:
1365:
1354:
1347:
1331:
1322:
1317:
1313:
1306:
1292:
1285:
1280:
1257:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1186:
1144:by Yao Runeng,
1124:
1039:
1037:Xiayi (heroism)
968:zhiguai chuanqi
951:
891:by Jiang Fang,
877:
865:
822:Jiandeng Xinhua
809:
768:
696:
613:
562:Emperor Gaozong
555:
547:Ji xuan guai lu
527:
485:folk song style
481:regulated verse
451:
449:Characteristics
360:
336:Taiping Guangji
272:by Jiang Fang,
63:Literal meaning
17:
12:
11:
5:
1852:
1842:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1817:
1816:
1810:Chinaknowledge
1800:
1799:External links
1797:
1794:
1793:
1786:
1766:
1757:
1735:
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1710:
1685:
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1623:
1617:978-7309069891
1616:
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1545:978-7561760765
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1304:
1296:〈唐傳奇中的創造和故事講述〉
1282:
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1068:Hongxian zhuan
1038:
1035:
1029:. Among them,
950:
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770:The number of
767:
764:
728:Hongxian Zhuan
695:
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554:
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526:
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359:
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298:Hongxian zhuan
296:by Chen Hong,
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1645:9787108009401
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1606:內山知也 (2010).
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1454:0-87779-042-6
1450:
1446:
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1441:"Pu Songling"
1436:
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1405:9789814287289
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1307:
1305:9787101054057
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1297:
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1201:9789814287289
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1084:knight-errant
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1058:by Pei Xing,
1057:
1056:
1052:by Xue Diao,
1051:
1047:
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1034:
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1028:
1024:
1021:
1017:
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975:
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964:
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946:
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883:. Well known
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733:
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726:by Pei Xing,
725:
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719:
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714:by Xue Diao,
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507:Six Dynasties
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410:
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388:
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373:
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365:
352:
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344:
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221:
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25:
20:
1776:
1769:
1760:
1749:. Retrieved
1738:
1729:
1701:
1698:
1669:
1635:
1626:
1607:
1567:
1566:柳無忌 (1993).
1536:《中國中短篇敘事文學史》
1535:
1468:
1463:
1444:
1435:
1419:
1414:
1394:
1387:
1368:
1335:
1333:陳文新 (1995).
1314:
1295:
1259:china portal
1229:
1222:
1207:
1192:
1172:
1160:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1138:
1137:by Guo Shi,
1131:
1127:
1125:
1115:
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1079:
1076:Du Guangting
1071:
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899:Bai Xingjian
892:
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884:
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866:
854:
848:
844:
834:
830:
820:
816:
812:
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796:
787:
783:
782:by Yue Shi,
779:
775:
771:
769:
766:Song dynasty
759:
755:
752:Buddhist nun
748:Nie Yinniang
747:
739:
736:Du Guangting
731:
727:
723:Nie Yinniang
721:
715:
711:
703:
697:
687:
676:Liushi zhuan
675:
671:
666:, Renshi, a
664:Renshi Zhuan
663:
658:
654:Renshi Zhuan
652:
649:Bai Xingjian
642:
638:
628:
624:
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614:
604:
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591:
587:
583:
579:
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569:
564:and Empress
557:
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542:
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531:
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518:
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495:Renshi zhuan
493:
488:
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280:Bai Xingjian
273:
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251:Renshi zhuan
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228:Song dynasty
217:
213:
209:
206:Tang chuanqi
205:
202:Tang dynasty
188:
187:
186:
147:/ɖˠiuᴇnɡˠiᴇ/
88:Hanyu Pinyin
1728:魯迅 (1952).
1636:〈順宗實錄與續玄怪錄〉
1367:陳珏 (2005).
1177:Yang Guifei
841:Pu Songling
784:Wu yi zhuan
776:Luzhu zhuan
611:Middle Tang
605:You xian ku
588:You xian ku
525:Development
429:Pu Songling
210:chuanqi wen
194:short story
170:/*don.gral/
156:Old Chinese
108:Chʻuan-chʻi
1823:Categories
1751:2014-08-28
1711:023104058X
1679:7532511588
1632:Chen Yinke
1577:7300010350
1477:0892641231
1428:023104058X
1378:7532539717
1346:957090979X
1278:References
1238:0231096763
1216:023104058X
1064:Li Gongzuo
984:Li Gongzuo
668:fox spirit
580:Gu jing ji
395:Wilt Idema
358:Definition
349:edited by
290:Li Gongzuo
163:Zhengzhang
102:Wade–Giles
1169:Gao Lishi
1157:wai zhuan
1140:An Lushan
1135:wai zhuan
1133:Gao Lishi
1104:Li Shimin
1055:Kunlun Nu
1012:Du Zichun
909:Yuan Zhen
740:Kūnlún nú
717:Kūnlún nú
700:Late Tang
694:Late Tang
635:Yuan Zhen
566:Wu Zetian
266:Yuan Zhen
256:Shen Jiji
1730:《中國小說史略》
1634:(1980).
1608:《隋唐小說研究》
1568:《中國文學新論》
1245:See also
1155:Li Linfu
1130:include
684:Han Hong
680:Han Hong
459:Chang'an
242:include
1806:Chuanqi
1369:初唐傳奇文鈎沉
1128:chuanqi
1122:History
1108:Li Jing
1096:chuanqi
1088:chuanqi
1046:chuanqi
1027:chuanqi
959:chuanqi
955:Zhiguai
943:chuanqi
923:chuanqi
921:is the
913:chuanqi
885:chuanqi
881:chuanqi
869:chuanqi
845:chuanqi
817:chuanqi
813:chuanqi
797:chuanqi
772:chuanqi
760:chuanqi
744:Negrito
704:chuanqi
698:In the
688:chuanqi
672:chuanqi
659:chuanqi
625:chuanqi
621:chuanqi
617:chuanqi
601:chuanqi
592:chuanqi
570:chuanqi
558:Chuanqi
543:chuanqi
532:chuanqi
515:chuanqi
511:chuanqi
489:chuanqi
476:chuanqi
466:chuanqi
455:chuanqi
443:chuanqi
439:chuanqi
425:chuanqi
417:chuanqi
408:bianwen
399:chuanqi
391:chuanqi
387:chuanqi
383:chuanqi
379:chuanqi
368:chuanqi
322:chuanqi
320:, most
240:chuanqi
232:Chuanqi
222:of the
214:Chuanqi
189:Chuanqi
94:Chuánqí
22:Chuanqi
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1199:
1142:shi ji
995:Jinshi
901:, and
863:Themes
827:Qu You
708:youxia
372:Lu Xun
351:Lu Xun
1743:曹仕邦.
1112:Buyeo
1078:. In
1042:Xiayi
932:Li Yi
867:Tang
331:drama
236:xiayi
1782:ISBN
1706:ISBN
1674:ISBN
1640:ISBN
1612:ISBN
1572:ISBN
1540:ISBN
1473:ISBN
1449:ISBN
1424:ISBN
1400:ISBN
1373:ISBN
1341:ISBN
1300:ISBN
1234:ISBN
1212:ISBN
1197:ISBN
1148:and
1023:xian
1018:and
875:Love
850:biji
847:and
778:and
720:and
483:and
453:The
437:are
415:are
376:Song
314:and
248:and
1074:by
1062:by
982:by
907:by
897:by
839:by
825:by
734:by
674:is
647:by
633:by
366:as
304:by
288:by
278:by
264:by
208:or
196:in
116:IPA
1825::
1808:"
1720:^
1688:^
1654:^
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230:.
212:.
55:传奇
39:傳奇
1804:"
1790:.
1754:.
1714:.
1682:.
1648:.
1620:.
1580:.
1548:.
1457:.
1408:.
1381:.
1349:.
1308:.
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