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officials to build public support and political will for change. Citizens' Climate Lobby established its primary, interconnected goals – to achieve legislation at the federal level that would effectively mitigate climate change, to create widespread political will for a sustainable climate, and to empower citizens to better exercise their own political and personal will. United States leadership is widely seen as critical in international emissions reduction efforts, and particularly in carbon pricing, as this would encourage other countries to follow suit with similar legislation.
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being considered in the nation's capital, members of
Citizens' Climate Lobby bring it to the attention of their elected representatives and lobby for their support as appropriate. The chapters also act to keep citizens informed about climate legislation and timely actions to take. Monthly local chapter meetings allow members to share information about climate change issues, to plan for upcoming events related to climate change and to provide mutual support.
703:. As one example, trade-exposed emissions-intensive industries may simply relocate to regions with laxer climate protection. A border carbon adjustment (BCA) program can help counter this and related effects. Under such a policy, tariffs are levied on the carbon embodied in imported goods from unregulated trading partners while the original climate protection payments for exported goods are rebated. The study finds that the BCA programs evaluated can reduce
1003:. As all CCL chapters, Klimatsvaret advocates a rising carbon fee with dividend, but emphasizes the need to include non-fossils sources of carbon dioxide in the fee. On the national level, Klimatsvaret proposes a carbon fee on all fuels used in domestic transport. The revenues are to be recycled as direct monthly dividends. The reason for the restriction to the transport sector is that most other significant emission sources are covered by the
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376:) or equivalent gases. The fee would be levied against all fossil fuels at their point of entry into the economy. The revenue that would be collected would be 100% returned as a monthly or annual payment to every American household. This would protect low and middle class Americans from the rising consumer costs associated with the carbon fee. This idea is known as a
427:, goods coming from countries without a carbon price would be subjected to a fee at the border. Goods leaving the US for sale in a country without a carbon price would be reimbursed that fee at the border. In addition, all existing subsidies of fossil fuels, including tax credits, would be phased out over the five years following enactment.
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The largest focal point each year is the Annual
International Conference in June, which includes meeting with and lobbying as many members of Congress as possible in Washington, D.C. Canada's Citizens' Climate Lobby has in the past coordinated its annual meeting and lobbying activities in Ottawa with
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enabled so called "carbon funded tax cuts" because the revenue, instead of being returned as a dividend, is used to offset corporate and personal income taxes. In 2015, a review of
British Columbia's emissions found that they had fallen 16% since 2008, while economic activity outperformed the rest of
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Citizens' Climate Lobby believes it is important for members to meet and create a relationship with local representatives as a means of "putting a face" on local chapters and to provide information and state their concerns regarding climate change legislation. When there is an important climate bill
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The work of
Citizens' Climate Lobby has an influence at the local and the national scale. At the local scale, Citizens' Climate Lobby brings concerned citizens together as a community to educate themselves and others, including through the media, and to create a voice on climate change to present to
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Citizens' Climate Lobby is a network involving its US, international and
Canadian head offices, and the dedicated volunteers that comprise the various chapters throughout the United States and Canada and other countries. Until his death in December 2019, Marshall Saunders remained the organization's
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The
Citizens' Climate Lobby held its first annual conference in 2009 in Washington, D.C., bringing together representatives from around the United States as well as several Canadians. These Canadians subsequently led the establishment of the organization within Canada in 2011, with the first chapter
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Regional coordinators in the US regularly communicate with the local group leaders in their geographical region. Aside from the few paid staff members, the organization is run by thousands of volunteers. Often volunteers will initiate a new group by themselves, or with just one or two others, until
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passed a measure that urges the United States
Congress to enact a tax on carbon-based fossil fuels. The proposal is revenue-neutral, with all money collected going to the bottom two-thirds of American households. So while the resolution is framed as a tax, it is in fact a carbon fee and dividend
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Volunteers in local chapters meet monthly for teleconference lectures by climate experts and communication with other groups, to discuss coordinated actions to be undertaken by members, to practice skills involved in lobbying politicians and dealing with media, and to plan local outreach. These
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Saunders coordinated his efforts to establish
Citizens' Climate Lobby with RESULTS, an organization committed to helping volunteer organizations seeking legislative changes to become more effective. Groups of volunteers organized by electoral districts could work through local media and elected
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At the national level
Citizens' Climate Lobby chapters can directly influence federal legislation via the work completed at the local level. These chapters contribute to a growing network of people across the country who share the same initiative. Together these individuals and groups become a
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ever seen, presenting a unique challenge for economics. According to the Stern Review, without action, the overall costs of climate change will be equivalent to losing at least 5% of global gross domestic product (GDP) each year, now and forever. The Review provides prescriptions including
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A private economic modeling company, Regional
Economic Models, Inc (REMI), was commissioned by Citizens' Climate Lobby to conduct an objective analysis of the economic impacts of a revenue neutral carbon fee and dividend in the US. The study found that, if enacted in 2016, by 2036: US
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Educating themselves, their friends and people of influence about the science, economics, sociology, business, denial machine, politics, communication, and many other aspects of climate change. They sponsor weekly educational webinars, which are nicknamed Citizens' Climate University
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emissions would be reduced 50% below 1990 levels; because of the economic stimulus of recycling carbon fee revenue back to households 2.8 million jobs would be added to the American economy; improved air quality would result in 230,000 premature deaths avoided over that time period.
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Citizens' Climate Lobby is coordinated through regular email communication at all levels, monthly international teleconferences and group meetings, weekly international, national or regional group leader calls; national websites; social media communication at different levels.
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Citizens' Climate Lobby Australia has helped create a Parliamentary Friends of Climate Action Group and trained hundreds of people who have gone on to meet with federal politicians and advisors. It has produced a guide for members and others regarding effective lobbying.
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Since the initial development of Citizens' Climate Lobby, the group has rapidly grown and spread, from 3 local groups in 2007 to 327 groups in May 2016. They are located throughout the United States and Canada, and more recently branching out to other countries including
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Creating awareness in the media by writing stories, blogs, media releases, letters to the editor, opinion editorials, tweets, status updates, etc., and submitting them to traditional (radio, TV, and newspapers) and 21st century sources (blogs, online magazine and social
356:(both starting in 2013), Australia, Germany, India, Nepal, Panama, United Kingdom, Burundi, Brazil, Cameroon, Chile, France, Kenya, Iceland, Italy, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Qatar, Poland, Romania, Portugal, Serbia, Scotland, Switzerland and the Ukraine.
1023:, endorsed CCL by saying "I love working with Citizens' Climate Lobby—their relentless focus on the need for a fee-and-dividend solution is helping drive the debate in precisely the right direction. I'm enormously grateful for their persistence and creativity."
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Shultz was former secretary of state under President Ronald Reagan. Gary Becker is a Nobel laureate economist and economics professor at the University of Chicago. Greg Mankiw was Mitt Romney's former economic adviser. Nicholas Stern is chair of the
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Economist Nicholas Stern also supports putting a price on carbon as explained in his Stern Review. The Stern Review is significant in that it is the largest and most widely known and discussed economic report on climate change of its kind. Entitled
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The impacts of climate change are not evenly distributed – the poorest countries and people will suffer earliest and most. And if and when the damages appear it will be too late to reverse the process. Thus we are forced to look a long way
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and in his talks, he explains the economics of carbon pricing and why he believes that putting a price on carbon in the form of a carbon tax is more effective and efficient than cap and trade or command and control style legislation.
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The annual international conference in Washington, D.C., has grown from 175 attendees in 2012, to 367 attendees in 2013, to over 1,300 attendees in 2017. In 2015, over 800 volunteers participated in 487 meetings with Congressional
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to minimize the economic and social disruptions. The Stern Review's main conclusion is that the benefits of strong, early action on climate change far outweigh the costs of not acting. Some of the report's main conclusions are:
332:. Saunders increasingly recognized that while it was necessary for individuals to change their own behavior in the face of climate change, it would never be enough; the time had come for Congress to discontinue subsidizing the
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Citizen Climate Lobby published an economic report, Building a Green Economy (September 2010) written by CCL member Joseph Robertson. The report is now used as a source with the media and Members of Congress.
2000:
Böhringer, Christoph; Balistreri, Edward J; Rutherford, Thomas F (December 2012). "The role of border carbon adjustment in unilateral climate policy: overview of an Energy Modeling Forum study (EMF 29)".
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Citizens' Climate Lobby is a non-partisan group that develops and maintains relationships with and may coordinate some activities with a broad base of organizations that share similar goals. In 2013,
264:. Its stated mission is to create the political will for a sustainable climate, while empowering individuals to exercise their personal and political power. With the international/US headquarters in
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equivalent emissions in 1990. To protect US businesses from competition from other countries that do not have carbon pricing mechanisms, a border adjustment would be enacted. Similar to the
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Developing partnerships, alliances and relationships with a range of groups towards building a broad and diverse base support which will create political will for a sustainable climate.
312:. CCL believes that a revenue-neutral carbon fee and dividend is a bipartisan solution that would effectively address carbon emissions without relying on a complex regulatory approach.
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Meeting with Members of Parliament (Canada) and Members of provincial legislative assemblies (MLAs/MPPs/MHAs/MNAs) to discuss carbon fee and dividend policy and other climate issues.
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president alongside his wife, Pamela Saunders. Mark Reynolds is the group's executive director. Cathy Orlando serves as the program director for Citizens' Climate International.
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they find enough other people nearby to formally start a new group. When a new group is started, orientation and training is provided through the respective national office.
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336:. With ever-rising energy production and increased use Saunders believed effective legislation was necessary to cut carbon emissions, by putting a price on carbon.
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recognized the need for progressive climate legislation. Saunders, a successful businessman turned philanthropist, internationally recognized for his work in
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Climate change threatens the basic elements of life for people around the world – access to water, food production, health, use of land and the environment.
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695:, released its EMF 29 study titled "The role of border carbon adjustment in unilateral climate policy". It is well understood that unilateral
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Editorial Board meetings have grown from 24 in 2012 to 52 in 2014. Published Opinion Editorials (Op Eds) have grown from 87 in 2012 to 291 in 2014.
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Canada. The policy has been called "popular across the political spectrum" and been considered a model for policies in other states and countries.
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Remembering Marshall Saunders: In memory of CCL founder Marshall Saunders: 1939–2019. Citizens Climate Lobby website. Accessed December 28, 2019.
531:(D-MD) introduced the Energy Innovation and Carbon Dividend Act (HR 7173). A few days later, a companion Senate bill was introduced by Senators
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Writing handwritten letters to politicians, especially Members of Congress, Parliament and National Assemblies, and recruiting others to do so.
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environmental group that trains and supports volunteers to build relationships with their elected representatives in order to influence
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Canada's Citizens' Climate Lobby participates in many climate related projects and actions. Some of the initiatives to date include:
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In 2016, a group called CarbonWA, allied but unaffiliated with the Citizens Climate Lobby, submitted a carbon pricing measure to the
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The role of border carbon adjustment in unilateral climate policy: Insights from a model-comparison study — Discussion Paper 2012-54
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ETS so that all emissions are covered and modify the annual cap so that 2030 emissions sink by at least 50% relative to 1990 levels
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Citizens' Climate Lobby additionally holds a smaller, secondary conference known as the Congressional Education day each November.
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countries to non-abating non-OECD countries. This last finding is regressive and counter to the equity principles contained in the
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Developing relationships and strategic partnerships with like-minded groups locally, provincially, nationally and internationally.
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Citizens' Climate Lobby has written a legislative proposal, The Carbon Fee and Dividend Act, introduced by Dr. James Hansen at an
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activities support the ongoing goals of the organization and contribute to progress toward effective carbon pricing legislation.
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1431:"Ruckelshaus, William D., Thomas, Lee M., Reilly, William K. and Whitman, Christine Todd, A Republican case for Climate Action"
767:
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Citizens' Climate Lobbyists create political will for a sustainable climate and empower others in many ways, including by:
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companies. In the United States, using a market-based approach by putting a price on carbon is gaining support from both
633:
The scientific evidence points to increasing risks of serious, irreversible impacts from climate change associated with
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Citizens' Climate Lobby proposes national legislation that would reduce US greenhouse gas emissions by placing a fee on
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1915:. Stern Review Report on the Economics of Climate Change (pre-publication edition). London, United Kingdom: HM Treasury
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Letters to Members of Congress have grown from 6,991 in 2014, to 40,990 in 2016, to 74,851 in 2017, to 98,886 in 2020 .
528:
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compliant border adjustment system to level the playing field between European companies and their global competitors
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powerful voice that can capture the attention of other citizens and of municipal and federal representatives alike.
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Joining US volunteers at the Annual Conference/Lobbying in Washington, D.C., to meeting with Members of Congress.
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Published Letters to the Editor have grown from 646 in 2012 to 2,583 in 2014, to 3,574 in 2015, to 4,293 in 2020.
485:, would impose a steadily rising fee on emissions of carbon dioxide, and use that revenue to offset the state's
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seek a steadily rising and socially equitable price on carbon. However their first focus is on overhauling the
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Working in collaboration with the Climate Action Network Canada to encourage Canada's government to remove
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2071:. Washington, D.C.: Regional Economic Models (REMI) and Synapse Energy Economics (Synapse). Archived from
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in 2018. Operating since 2007, the goal of CCL is to build political support across party lines to put a
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The number of local groups has grown significantly, from 3 in 2007, 74 in 2012, and 568 in August 2022.
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Participating in community events where they engage the public in climate change awareness and actions.
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580:
568:
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The economic, climate, fiscal, power, and demographic impact of a national fee-and-dividend carbon tax
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554:. If passed, a national carbon fee and dividend would be implemented similar to that described above.
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Economist and law professor Shi-Ling Hsu also supports a revenue-neutral carbon tax. In his book
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20:
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1866:"Stern Review on The Economics of Climate Change (pre-publication edition). Executive Summary"
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their elected representatives and work through local outreach and media. Their goal is to cut
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other organizations but held its first Annual Conference and Lobbying Days in November 2013.
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2006:
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665:, through tax, trading or regulation, is an essential foundation for climate change policy.
583:. Shi-Ling Hsu is the D'Alemberte Professor and Associate Dean for Environmental Programs,
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1656:"British Columbia's Carbon Tax Has Been So Successful That Businesses Want To Increase It"
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8:
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Emissions have been, and continue to be, driven by economic growth; yet stabilization of
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2041:"REMI Report — The Environmental, Economic and Health Impact of Carbon Fee and Dividend"
2010:
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locally elected representatives of the federal government. This includes Members of the
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on the world economy, and states that climate change is the greatest and widest-ranging
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The Citizens' Climate Lobby is a non-partisan organization with members throughout the
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Congressional Meetings have grown from 534 in 2012, to 1,086 in 2014, to 1387 in 2016.
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Lobbying politicians directly in their constituency offices and in the capital cities.
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2014:
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987:, all revenues must be redistributed back to the population on a per-capita basis.
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2306:(in German). Munich, Germany: BĂĽrgerlobby Klimaschutz. May 5, 2016. Archived from
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The Citizens' Climate lobby originated in the United States in 2007 after founder
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1969:
Böhringer, Christoph; Rutherford, Thomas F; Balistreri, Edward J (October 2012).
1622:"There's a simple way to green the economy — and it involves cash prizes for all"
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209:(CF&D) at the national level. CCL is supported by notable climate scientists
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2018:
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The Case for a Carbon Tax, Getting Past our Hangups to Effective Climate Policy
516:
369:
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1484:
1457:"Changing the Dialogue on Energy and Climate, Bob Inglis at TEDx Jacksonville"
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Participating in the Parliamentary Petition Project for a sustainable climate.
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1940:"EMF 29: The role of border carbon adjustment in unilateral climate policy"
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Emeritus professor Henry Jacoby again argued for the CF&D concept in a
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24:
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The benefits of strong, early action on climate change outweigh the costs.
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Founded in the United States, the CCL has chapters in over 70 countries.
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276:, Citizens' Climate Lobby is composed of local volunteer groups who
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Time To Wake Up: Carbon Fee Options by Senator Sheldon Whitehouse
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Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment
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cent per pound). The fee would continue to rise until total US CO
273:
2134:"The Thom Hartmann Show, Will America get a Federal Carbon Tax?"
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1325:"Citizens Climate Lobby Chapters, www.citizensclimatelobby.org"
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221:. CCL's advisory board also includes former Secretary of State
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1968:
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2273:"Bürgerlobby Klimaschutz — Citizens' Climate Lobby Germany"
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on October 30, 2006. In it, Stern discusses the effect of
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1978:. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Project on Climate Agreements
1774:. Florida: College of Law, Florida State University. 2015
489:, business tax, and to expand the state's version of the
384:
2248:"Lobbying Playbook: How to Guides, Stories and Examples"
1995:
1993:
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Fee and dividend § Energy Modeling Forum study 2012
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Climate change organizations based in the United States
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Citizens' Climate Lobby fee and dividend proposal video
2188:
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1719:"Nation's first carbon tax on the ballot in Washington"
1601:. California Legislative Information. September 1, 2016
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1509:"Citizens Climate Lobby, www.citizensclimatelobby.org"
1410:"Citizens Climate Lobby, www.citizensclimatelobby.org"
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introduce a continuously increasing floor price for CO
722:
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equivalent emissions have been reduced to 10% of US CO
1990:
1962:
1868:. London, United Kingdom: HM Treasury. Archived from
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As long as there is no effective price signal at the
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Organizations based in San Diego County, California
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Non-profit organizations based in the United States
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676:
260:and other countries, which advocates for effective
2391:Citizens' Climate Lobby list of chapters worldwide
1906:Nicholas, Stern (2006). "Summary of Conclusions".
1859:
1857:
1855:
1772:"College of Law, Florida State University — Deans"
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983:is that, for an equitable and socially-compatible
460:enacted a revenue-neutral carbon tax in 2008. The
1934:
1932:
1930:
1164:Individual and political action on climate change
658:is feasible and consistent with continued growth.
503:Energy Innovation and Carbon Dividend Act of 2019
468:
405:cent per pound) and rise $ 10 per ton each year (
383:CCL's proposal would start the fee at US$ 15 per
2469:
2106:
2104:
2062:Nystrom, Scott; Luckow, Patrick (June 9, 2014).
2033:
711:, and will shift substantial costs from abating
2533:Environmental organizations established in 2007
2528:Environmental organizations based in California
2175:"Citizens Climate Lobby 2013 Conference Report"
2167:
1852:
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606:Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change
197:with approximately $ 680,000 in revenue in the
2325:
1927:
1575:"Proposed Carbon Fee and Dividend Legislation"
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1423:
1295:"Citizens Climate Lobby Financial Information"
1205:Improving the climate conversation in Congress
1094:– a climate change campaign (formerly "10:10")
573:Centre for Climate Change Economics and Policy
2442:
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2101:
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1654:Fragroso, Alejandro Davila (March 31, 2016).
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1349:
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912:
608:, this 700-page report was released for the
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296:' approach to pricing carbon pollution from
2548:Lobbying organizations in the United States
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2463:Citizens' Climate Lobby local groups video
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1129:Climate change policy of the United States
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37:
2543:International environmental organizations
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1599:"AJR-43 Greenhouse gases: climate change"
1338:
1266:
1228:
1226:
892:and put a fair price on carbon pollution.
497:Energy Innovation and Carbon Dividend Act
447:
300:, and simultaneously ending subsidies to
2478:2007 establishments in the United States
2376:Citizens' Climate Lobby sites and groups
2246:Citizens' Climate Lobby (May 29, 2023).
2195:Robertson, Joseph (September 21, 2010).
1905:
1836:Cairncross, Francis (October 30, 2006).
1794:"Book Review: The Case for a Carbon Tax"
1653:
1501:
1253:
895:Pushing for a Pan Canada Energy Strategy
552:117th United States Congress as H.R.2307
550:. In 2021, it was reintroduced into the
117:> 200,000 (568 active local chapters)
2346:
1899:
1688:
1373:
1305:from the original on September 10, 2018
1005:European Union Emissions Trading System
928:European Union Emissions Trading System
672:if strong collective action starts now.
668:There is still time to avoid the worst
585:Florida State University College of Law
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1716:
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328:, became increasingly concerned about
2043:. California: Citizens' Climate Lobby
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1838:"Time to get Stern on climate change"
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976:emissions as a transitional measure.
2538:Environmental policies organizations
1235:Citizens' Climate Lobby Chapters
859:
778:and Senators (appointed) in Canada.
598:
292:-based approach: a revenue-neutral '
268:, and a Canadian national office in
1893:"Report's stark warning on climate"
1891:Peston, Robert (October 29, 2006).
1807:
1689:Roberts, David (October 18, 2016).
1679:
1620:Jacoby, Henry D (January 5, 2021).
1267:Bornstein, David (March 29, 2013).
1149:Economic analysis of climate change
723:Regional Economic Models study 2014
707:, can yield modest gains in global
542:The bill was reintroduced into the
13:
819:
14:
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2396:Citizens' Climate Lobby Australia
2370:
2252:The Commons Social Change Library
2225:Citizens' Climate Lobby Australia
1946:. Stanford, Calif. Archived from
1717:Kramer, Becky (October 3, 2016).
1108:Avoiding Dangerous Climate Change
205:, specifically a revenue-neutral
1751:"Carbon Washington | Our Policy"
1355:"Citizens' Climate Lobby Canada"
1110:– a 2005 conference on the topic
1075:
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1047:
1033:
677:Energy Modeling Forum study 2012
16:US climate advocacy organization
2406:Citizens' Climate Lobby Germany
2239:
2213:
2153:
2126:
2112:"Citizens' Climate Lobby Staff"
2090:
1743:
1710:
1530:"CCL-Sweden, www.cclsverige.se"
1269:"Lobbying for the greater good"
1103:Air pollution reduction efforts
247:
2434:Citizens' Climate Lobby Sweden
2429:Citizens' Climate Lobby Polska
2421:Citizens' Climate Lobby Poland
2401:Citizens' Climate Lobby Canada
2005:. 34, Supplement 2: S97–S110.
1286:
1196:
1010:
789:
469:Proposed measure in Washington
344:emerging in Sudbury, Ontario.
284:and promote a transition to a
1:
2563:Environmental advocacy groups
2295:Positionspapier — Kurzfassung
1190:
1159:Garnaut Climate Change Review
2333:"Klimatsvaret — CCL Sverige"
1666:Center for American Progress
1169:List of environmental issues
910:In Germany, CCL is known as
864:
432:California State Legislature
7:
2019:10.1016/j.eneco.2012.10.003
1944:Energy Modeling Forum (EMF)
1815:"The Case for a Carbon Tax"
1691:"The left vs. a carbon tax"
1026:
995:In Sweden, CCL is known as
481:. The initiative, known as
462:British Columbia carbon tax
225:, former US Representative
10:
2579:
2444:Klimatsvaret - CCL Sverige
2163:. Citizens' Climate Lobby.
1628:. London, United Kingdom.
1174:Politics of global warming
999:Klimatsvaret - CCL Sverige
905:
680:
637:(BAU) paths for emissions.
569:London School of Economics
500:
430:On September 1, 2016, the
315:
193:. The CCL is a registered
18:
2114:. Citizens' Climate Lobby
1909:Executive summary (short)
1293:Citizen's Climate Lobby.
1124:Climate change mitigation
990:
922:. Like other CCL groups,
873:
774:in the United States and
670:impacts of climate change
558:Economic basis for action
483:Washington Initiative 732
164:
121:
111:
101:
91:
81:
71:
53:
45:
36:
2300:Position paper — Summary
2197:Building a Green Economy
1864:Stern, Nicholas (2006).
1139:Climate Solutions Caucus
768:House of Representatives
761:Priorities and influence
737:Organizational structure
511:members Representatives
509:Climate Solutions Caucus
491:earned income tax credit
282:greenhouse gas emissions
170:CitizensClimateLobby.org
59: (17 years ago)
2415:BĂĽrgerlobby Klimaschutz
2161:"Learn - CCL Community"
1299:Citizen's Climate Lobby
1240:Citizens' Climate Lobby
1210:Citizens' Climate Lobby
1114:Carbon fee and dividend
914:BĂĽrgerlobby Klimaschutz
546:under the same name as
444:article in early 2021.
378:carbon fee and dividend
364:Proposed US legislation
294:carbon fee and dividend
207:carbon fee and dividend
179:Citizens' Climate Lobby
96:Carbon fee and dividend
32:Citizens' Climate Lobby
21:Carbon fee and dividend
2443:
2414:
1848:on September 26, 2007.
1154:Environmental movement
998:
913:
691:(EMF), coordinated by
571:and also chair of the
507:On November 27, 2018,
448:Model policy in Canada
185:) is an international
2313:on September 23, 2016
1069:Global warming portal
972:for Germany on all CO
890:fossil fuel subsidies
776:Members of Parliament
689:Energy Modeling Forum
2503:Coronado, California
1724:The Spokesman-Review
1184:World Energy Outlook
1144:Conservation (ethic)
979:A central theme for
968:call for a national
334:fossil fuel industry
322:Marshall L. Saunders
266:Coronado, California
76:Marshall L. Saunders
2518:Emissions reduction
2078:on October 31, 2020
2011:2012EneEc..34..S97B
1950:on October 25, 2016
1465:. December 10, 2013
709:economic efficiency
693:Stanford University
623:environmental taxes
262:climate legislation
33:
1435:The New York Times
1273:The New York Times
1092:Possible (charity)
1055:Environment portal
610:British government
288:economy through a
31:
2513:Environmental tax
934:ETS) as follows:
860:CCL International
705:emissions leakage
701:emissions leakage
687:In late 2012 the
635:business-as-usual
599:Stern Review 2006
525:Brian Fitzpatrick
454:Canadian province
425:Montreal Protocol
176:
175:
2570:
2446:
2417:
2387:
2386:
2384:Official website
2365:
2364:
2362:
2360:
2350:
2344:
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2339:
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2183:
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2148:
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2121:
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2085:
2083:
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2070:
2059:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2003:Energy Economics
1997:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1983:
1977:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1936:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1914:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1872:on March 9, 2010
1861:
1850:
1849:
1844:. Archived from
1833:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1811:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1768:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1747:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1731:on July 19, 2017
1727:. Archived from
1714:
1708:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1686:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1651:
1645:
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1595:
1589:
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1571:
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1561:
1559:
1557:
1551:"CCL-Bangladesh"
1547:
1541:
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1538:
1536:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1505:
1499:
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1475:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1437:. August 1, 2013
1427:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1406:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1361:on June 29, 2011
1357:. Archived from
1351:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1290:
1284:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1264:
1251:
1250:
1230:
1221:
1220:
1200:
1134:Climate movement
1085:
1080:
1079:
1071:
1066:
1065:
1057:
1052:
1051:
1043:
1041:Economics portal
1038:
1037:
1001:
982:
967:
941:
933:
925:
921:
918:and abbreviated
916:
577:Leeds University
477:in the state of
458:British Columbia
414:
413:
409:
404:
403:
399:
286:renewable energy
239:Sam Daley-Harris
223:George P. Shultz
215:Katharine Hayhoe
172:
151:Sam Daley-Harris
146:Katharine Hayhoe
67:
65:
60:
41:
34:
30:
2578:
2577:
2573:
2572:
2571:
2569:
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2567:
2508:Economic policy
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2117:
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2110:
2109:
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2091:
2081:
2079:
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2060:
2056:
2046:
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2039:
2038:
2034:
1998:
1991:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1967:
1963:
1953:
1951:
1938:
1937:
1928:
1918:
1916:
1912:
1904:
1900:
1889:
1885:
1875:
1873:
1862:
1853:
1834:
1830:
1820:
1818:
1817:. carbontax.org
1813:
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1798:
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1528:
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1523:
1513:
1511:
1507:
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1492:
1490:
1489:. June 27, 2013
1483:
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908:
876:
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862:
822:
820:Accomplishments
792:
763:
739:
731:
725:
685:
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661:Establishing a
601:
560:
505:
499:
471:
450:
422:
418:
411:
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401:
397:
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392:
375:
366:
318:
250:
203:price on carbon
168:
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2485:
2483:Carbon finance
2480:
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2431:
2418:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2372:
2371:External links
2369:
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2264:
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2227:. July 7, 2023
2212:
2206:978-0982649176
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2100:
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1842:The First Post
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1083:Society portal
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697:climate policy
681:Main article:
678:
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649:greenhouse gas
645:
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638:
631:
618:market failure
614:global warming
600:
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544:116th Congress
517:Francis Rooney
501:Main article:
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370:carbon dioxide
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1319:
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1298:
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1272:
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1119:Carbon price
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602:
591:
589:
561:
541:
529:John Delaney
527:(R-PA), and
506:
472:
451:
440:
437:
429:
382:
380:(CF&D).
367:
358:
346:
342:
338:
319:
298:fossil fuels
251:
248:Introduction
243:
211:James Hansen
182:
178:
177:
136:James Hansen
103:Area served
46:Abbreviation
28:
25:Carbon price
2436:– known in
2423:– known in
2408:– known in
2359:February 3,
2180:February 3,
2145:February 3,
1982:October 22,
1954:October 22,
1895:. BBC News.
1876:January 31,
1821:February 3,
1799:February 3,
1735:November 6,
1702:October 25,
1671:October 25,
1556:February 3,
1535:February 3,
1493:February 3,
1469:February 3,
1441:February 3,
1415:February 3,
1365:February 3,
1011:Connections
790:Initiatives
575:(CCCEP) at
535:(D-DE) and
533:Chris Coons
326:microcredit
306:Republicans
302:fossil fuel
231:Don Cheadle
54:Established
2472:Categories
2221:"About us"
2118:October 3,
1639:January 5,
1248:Q113623440
1218:Q113623428
1191:References
970:carbon tax
949:allowances
656:atmosphere
537:Jeff Flake
513:Ted Deutch
479:Washington
393:equivalent
354:Bangladesh
227:Bob Inglis
187:grassroots
141:Bob Inglis
123:Key people
19:See also:
2354:"350.org"
2338:March 15,
2027:0140-9883
1919:April 28,
1756:August 7,
1634:0261-3077
1514:March 11,
1330:March 11,
865:Australia
830:Earth Day
487:sales tax
310:Democrats
195:501(c)(4)
113:Members
1303:Archived
1244:Wikidata
1214:Wikidata
1027:See also
852:offices.
772:Senators
539:(R-AZ).
523:(D-FL),
519:(R-FL),
515:(D-FL),
441:Guardian
435:scheme.
237:founder
229:, actor
2410:Germany
2257:July 7,
2231:July 7,
2139:YouTube
2007:Bibcode
1462:YouTube
1098:350.org
1021:350.org
964:level,
906:Germany
812:media).
654:in the
567:at the
410:⁄
400:⁄
316:History
274:Ontario
270:Sudbury
235:RESULTS
165:Website
72:Founder
62: (
2452:Videos
2438:Sweden
2425:Poland
2302:]
2203:
2025:
1632:
1246:
1216:
991:Sweden
940:
932:
874:Canada
799:(CCU).
717:UNFCCC
644:ahead.
548:HR 763
475:ballot
350:Sweden
290:market
258:Canada
233:, and
217:, and
107:Global
2311:(PDF)
2304:(PDF)
2298:[
2076:(PDF)
2069:(PDF)
1976:(PDF)
1913:(PDF)
1578:(PDF)
981:CCL-D
966:CCL-D
924:CCL-D
920:CCL-D
278:lobby
92:Focus
2361:2014
2340:2021
2319:2016
2280:2016
2259:2023
2233:2023
2201:ISBN
2182:2014
2147:2014
2120:2017
2084:2016
2049:2016
2023:ISSN
1984:2016
1956:2016
1921:2011
1878:2010
1823:2014
1801:2014
1780:2016
1758:2016
1737:2017
1704:2016
1673:2016
1641:2021
1630:ISSN
1607:2016
1585:2014
1558:2014
1537:2014
1516:2021
1495:2014
1471:2014
1443:2014
1417:2014
1367:2014
1332:2021
1311:2017
1280:2013
770:and
713:OECD
579:and
452:The
308:and
82:Type
64:2007
57:2007
23:and
2440:as
2427:as
2412:as
2015:doi
1696:Vox
954:WTO
930:(EU
581:LSE
456:of
387:of
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372:(CO
183:CCL
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