1090:
3136:
2082:
3095:
1873:
1707:
1916:
2630:
1456:
1998:
2458:
1666:
1957:
1286:
2716:
2499:
2544:
1748:
146:
1499:
2757:
2207:
2374:
3179:
2292:
3011:
2041:
1089:
2970:
2675:
3481:. This work is carried out mainly at four regular meetings (DH/HR meetings) every year. Documentation for these meetings takes the form of the Annotated Agenda and Order of Business. These documents are made public, as are, in general, the decisions taken in each case. The Committee of Ministers' essential function is to ensure that member states comply with the judgments of the European Court of Human Rights. The Committee completes each case by adopting a final resolution. In some cases, interim resolutions may prove appropriate. Both kinds of Resolutions are public.
2929:
1542:
1039:
182:
1619:
2845:
3027:
2802:
2248:
1832:
1515:
2123:
4168:
3500:
981:
4374:
513:
1680:
1472:
1416:
231:
4356:
3572:
500:
3152:
2558:
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3630:
565:
2333:
1372:
2515:
4240:
3536:
2221:
1791:
1020:
4810:
4186:
838:
4796:
3944:
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3054:
2886:
2166:
4688:
3854:
734:
3443:
3314:
2472:
1430:
2773:
2306:
2417:
2264:
2096:
4782:
4338:
2902:
1889:
812:
487:
4726:
4060:
3890:
903:
760:
1556:
2859:
2689:
4707:
3872:
747:
2390:
2014:
1592:
1344:
1805:
3109:
2055:
1300:
2730:
1764:
1388:
1259:
1721:
4392:
4150:
3590:
2587:
942:
526:
4096:
4006:
929:
877:
2180:
3068:
2816:
1635:
4504:
3684:
2601:
2431:
1971:
604:
4754:
4648:
4630:
4594:
4486:
4298:
4280:
4222:
3926:
3796:
3778:
3760:
1007:
786:
695:
682:
669:
539:
461:
448:
4540:
4468:
4410:
4316:
4258:
4024:
3666:
3648:
3554:
890:
630:
591:
578:
474:
435:
4768:
4666:
4432:
4204:
4078:
3836:
3612:
3518:
2347:
1930:
994:
916:
799:
721:
552:
4558:
3966:
3742:
851:
656:
36:
2984:
4740:
3908:
2646:
773:
1846:
4576:
3724:
643:
2139:
4114:
968:
3984:
2943:
864:
4522:
4042:
3702:
617:
4612:
3818:
708:
4132:
955:
1330:
3413:
of resolutions. Under
Article 29 of the Financial Regulations (revised in May 1997) the Deputies are assisted by a Budget Committee composed of eleven independent experts, appointed by the Committee of Ministers acting on proposals from member governments. An abridged version of the adopted budget is available in electronic form.
402:
3430:
Article 17 of the
Statute authorises the Committee of Ministers to set up "advisory or technical committees". This has led to the creation of some 30 steering committees and a large number of ad hoc expert committees, which assist the Committee of Ministers in the implementation of the programme of activities.
3429:
Since 1966 the
Council of Europe has organised, planned and budgeted its activities according to an annual work programme, published as the "Intergovernmental Programme of Activities". The Deputies adopt the programme towards the end of each year and are entrusted with overseeing its implementation.
3412:
Under
Article 38.c of the Statute the Secretary General is required to prepare a draft budget each year and submit it to the Committee of Ministers for adoption. The draft budget is presented to the Deputies in November of each year. It is adopted, along with the Programme of Activities, in the form
3220:
The
Committee of Ministers performs a triple role; as the emanation of the governments which enables them to express on equal terms their national approaches to the problems confronting Europe's societies; as the collective forum where European responses to these challenges are worked out, alongside
3208:
and usually last one full day or two half days. While the greater part of each session is usually devoted to political dialogue, the
Ministers may discuss all matters of mutual interest with the exception of national defence. Although the records of the sessions are confidential, a final communiqué
3262:
If the
Committee decides that a state can be admitted, it adopts a resolution inviting that state to become a member. The invitation specifies the number of seats that the state will have in the Assembly as well as its contribution to the budget. Recently the invitations have included a number of
3403:
The
Statute permits the Committee of Ministers to ask member governments "to inform it of the action taken by them" in regard to recommendations (Article 15.b). In 1987, at their 405th meeting, the Ministers' Deputies adopted a message to the intergovernmental committees (steering committees and
3135:
3392:
However, at their 519 bis meeting (November 1994) the
Ministers' Deputies decided to make their voting procedure more flexible and made a "Gentleman's agreement" not to apply the unanimity rule to recommendations. Recommendations are not binding on member States.
407:
1153:
member state sits on the
Committee of Ministers. In May 1951 the Committee of Ministers invited each member state to appoint a Permanent Representative who would be in constant touch with the organisation. All Permanent Representatives reside in
3377:
The same majorities are required to authorise the publication of any explanatory report. The Committee also fixes the date that the treaty will be opened for signature. Conventions are legally binding for those States which ratify them.
2081:
412:
1141:, it is the guardian of the Council's fundamental values; it monitors member states' compliance with their undertakings. The Holy See, Japan, Mexico, and the US are observer states in the Committee of Ministers.
1194:, Russia's rights of representation were suspended, but it remained a member of the Council of Europe and party to the relevant Council of Europe conventions, including the European Convention on Human Rights.
397:
4899:
4924:
3212:"Meetings of the Ministers' Deputies" are usually held in the Committee of Ministers' meeting room once a week. The Deputies also meet several times a week in subsidiary groups.
3386:
Article 15.b of the Statute provides for the Committee of Ministers to make recommendations to member states on matters for which the Committee has agreed "a common policy".
3421:
In 2006 the Committee of Ministers launched the "Council of Europe Communication Strategy", the first time that the Council of Europe had had a proper communication policy.
1133:. It is both a governmental body, where national approaches to problems facing European society can be discussed on an equal footing, as well as a collective forum, where
1076:
392:
4860:
3094:
3389:
Under Article 20 of the Statute, adoption of a recommendation requires a unanimous vote of all representatives present and a majority of those entitled to vote.
1872:
100:
72:
3348:
Article 15.a of the Statute states that the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe "shall consider the action required to further the aim of the
5037:
3477:
In accordance with Article 46 of the Convention as amended by Protocol No. 11, the Committee of Ministers supervises the execution of judgments of the
362:
310:
79:
57:
50:
5032:
357:
5012:
3256:
3233:
3222:
1138:
1069:
291:
86:
5336:
1129:'s decision-making body. It comprises the Foreign Affairs Ministers of all the member states, or their permanent diplomatic representatives in
1706:
68:
4979:
1176:
The second in rank in a delegation usually has the title "Deputy Permanent Representative", not to be confused with "Ministers' Deputy".
3366:
The text of any treaty is finalised when it is adopted by the Committee. Under Article 20 of the Statute adoption of a treaty requires:
3266:
Once invited, a state becomes a member by depositing, normally by the Minister for Foreign Affairs, an instrument of accession with the
1915:
5002:
3267:
1062:
251:
4657:
3453:
3324:
3255:
The process of admission begins when the Committee of Ministers, having received an official application for membership, consults the
2629:
2087:
269:
3204:
The Committee meets at ministerial level once a year, in May or in November. The meetings, known as "sessions", are normally held in
3400:(Article 29 of the Social Charter). Recommendations adopted before 1979 were issued in the "Resolutions" series of texts adopted.
5057:
425:
17:
1049:
1997:
1455:
93:
1665:
3404:
committees of experts), urging them to improve their monitoring of the implementation of recommendations and resolutions.
5085:
3356:
3259:(under Statutory Resolution (51) 30). The Assembly adopts an opinion which is published in the Assembly's texts adopted.
382:
3359:
of 1950 is one of the best known Council of Europe treaties and the one with the strongest supervision mechanism by the
1285:
2457:
1956:
5017:
4679:
3237:
304:
221:
119:
3273:
The only European states which are not members of the Council of Europe and thus could in principle be admitted are
5075:
3396:
Since 1993 the Committee has also adopted recommendations in accordance with its role in the implementation of the
1191:
2715:
5357:
5150:
4972:
3751:
4495:
2498:
256:
5022:
3478:
3360:
332:
2504:
145:
5027:
2543:
345:
5388:
4965:
4873:
3805:
2522:
1747:
408:
Council of Europe Convention on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse
3993:
3787:
2756:
4141:
4033:
3178:
2463:
1878:
3229:
2206:
1170:
387:
338:
2373:
1498:
4015:
3397:
46:
4861:"17 novembre : l'Italie prend la Présidence du Comité des Ministres du Conseil de l'Europe"
4603:
4289:
3845:
3248:
The Committee of Ministers has the authority to invite European States to become members of the
3010:
2046:
1753:
5095:
4716:
4379:
4231:
3472:
2297:
2291:
1522:
1514:
1421:
518:
297:
244:
2975:
1624:
5367:
4675:
4459:
3953:
3657:
3228:
The work and activities of the Committee of Ministers include political dialogue, developing
3209:
is issued at the end of each meeting. The Ministers may also issue one or more declarations.
4325:
2040:
2003:
4195:
3711:
2969:
2762:
2680:
2674:
1547:
1165:
In 1952 the Committee of Ministers decided that each Minister could appoint a Deputy. The
8:
5165:
4635:
4177:
3997:
3801:
2844:
2103:
2095:
1671:
1179:
Current Chair of the Committee is highlighted, with the position being currently held by
700:
181:
3016:
4531:
4441:
3621:
3599:
3298:
3263:
conditions concerning the implementation of democratic reforms in the applicant state.
1921:
1166:
4213:
2928:
1541:
350:
5362:
5140:
5042:
4988:
4545:
4347:
4307:
4267:
3349:
3294:
3249:
1962:
1896:
1888:
1618:
1150:
1126:
635:
3769:
3715:
2801:
2592:
2247:
2128:
1831:
1169:
have the same decision-making powers as the Ministers. A Deputy is usually also the
4697:
4549:
4477:
4419:
3881:
3252:(Articles 4, 5 and 6 of the Statute). It may also suspend or terminate membership.
2850:
2635:
2253:
2122:
1583:
1180:
189:
167:
4159:
3935:
1415:
5220:
4815:
4365:
4271:
4191:
4069:
3639:
2565:
2557:
2549:
1463:
1377:
1118:
1106:
843:
3527:
2891:
2422:
1712:
230:
5352:
5290:
5115:
5047:
4455:
4329:
4245:
4105:
3635:
3541:
3290:
3159:
3151:
3059:
2171:
1837:
1796:
1687:
1679:
1025:
570:
4423:
4087:
3509:
2212:
5382:
5331:
5180:
4693:
4639:
4621:
4567:
4249:
4051:
3859:
3827:
3693:
3603:
3141:
2338:
2228:
2220:
1335:
1184:
1137:-wide responses to such challenges are formulated. In collaboration with the
1043:
739:
3473:
Supervising the execution of judgments of the European Court of Human Rights
4401:
4383:
3975:
3899:
3733:
3545:
2807:
2721:
2332:
1504:
1371:
2885:
1158:. They are usually senior diplomats with ambassadorial rank, occasionally
5275:
5215:
4801:
4173:
3949:
3863:
3809:
3675:
3581:
3505:
3184:
3100:
3034:
3026:
2934:
2514:
2416:
1790:
1291:
986:
830:
284:
3442:
3313:
3053:
2165:
1093:
126th session of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe in
5245:
5210:
5190:
4787:
4731:
4585:
4513:
4343:
4123:
4065:
3895:
3563:
3278:
3205:
2780:
2772:
2479:
2471:
2313:
2305:
1435:
1429:
1155:
1130:
908:
817:
765:
492:
193:
4952:
3424:
3225:
and as guardian of the values for which the Council of Europe exists.
2586:
5185:
4712:
3877:
3433:
3304:
2271:
2263:
752:
325:
4957:
35:
5311:
5260:
5255:
5235:
5100:
4900:"Ireland takes over the Chairmanship of the Committee of Ministers"
4397:
4155:
4101:
4011:
3917:
3595:
3282:
2909:
2901:
2866:
2858:
2696:
2688:
2379:
1563:
1555:
947:
934:
882:
531:
3289:
pending clarification of its international legal status. Once the
5285:
5240:
5200:
5160:
5155:
5145:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5105:
5090:
5080:
5070:
5065:
4759:
4653:
4599:
4581:
4509:
4491:
4473:
4415:
4361:
4321:
4303:
4285:
4263:
4227:
4029:
3957:
3931:
3783:
3765:
3729:
3689:
3671:
3653:
3577:
3559:
3274:
3116:
3108:
2737:
2729:
2397:
2389:
2062:
2054:
2021:
2013:
1937:
1929:
1812:
1804:
1771:
1763:
1728:
1720:
1598:
1591:
1479:
1471:
1395:
1387:
1351:
1343:
1307:
1299:
1266:
1258:
1012:
895:
791:
687:
674:
648:
609:
596:
583:
544:
505:
479:
466:
453:
440:
209:
5326:
5316:
5306:
5280:
5270:
5250:
5230:
5225:
5205:
5175:
5135:
5110:
4773:
4671:
4563:
4527:
4437:
4209:
4119:
4083:
4047:
3989:
3971:
3841:
3747:
3707:
3617:
3523:
3286:
3075:
3067:
2991:
2983:
2823:
2815:
2653:
2645:
2608:
2600:
2438:
2430:
2187:
2179:
1978:
1970:
1853:
1845:
1642:
1634:
1134:
999:
973:
921:
869:
856:
804:
726:
661:
622:
557:
197:
4925:"Council of Europe suspends Russia's rights of representation"
5321:
5265:
5195:
5170:
4745:
4617:
4137:
3913:
3823:
3297:, it could also accede to the Council of Europe. So far, the
2950:
2942:
2354:
2346:
2146:
2138:
1094:
960:
778:
713:
3381:
3370:
a two-thirds majority of the representatives casting a vote;
3232:
through Council of Europe conventions, interacting with the
3352:, including the conclusion of conventions and agreements".
1329:
3355:
Over 190 treaties have now been opened for signature. The
3215:
3199:
3171:
3128:
3087:
3046:
3003:
2962:
2921:
2878:
2835:
2792:
2749:
2708:
2665:
2620:
2577:
2534:
2491:
2450:
2409:
2366:
2325:
2283:
2240:
2199:
2158:
2115:
2074:
2033:
1990:
1949:
1908:
1865:
1824:
1783:
1740:
1699:
1658:
1611:
1575:
1534:
1491:
1448:
1407:
1363:
1321:
1278:
375:
3343:
1144:
398:
Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings
3160:
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
3425:
Adopting and monitoring the Programme of Activities
3434:Implementing cooperation and assistance programmes
3305:Monitoring respect of commitments by member states
363:European Commission against Racism and Intolerance
358:European Commission for the Efficiency of Justice
69:"Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe"
5380:
3257:Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe
3234:Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe
3223:Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe
1103:Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe
138:Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe
3363:in Strasbourg and the Committee of Ministers.
3243:
4973:
1070:
3301:has only signed Council of Europe treaties.
4874:"Council of Europe: Committee of Ministers"
1111:Comité des ministres du Conseil de l'Europe
4980:
4966:
3268:Secretary General of the Council of Europe
3238:Congress of Local and Regional Authorities
1077:
1063:
180:
144:
5038:Commission against Racism and Intolerance
4863:, strasbourg-europe.eu, 17 November 2021.
3382:Adopting recommendations to member states
1527:Bosna i Hercegovina / Боснa и Херцеговина
393:Convention on the Prevention of Terrorism
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
5033:Commission for the Efficiency of Justice
4839:Short names used within EU institutions.
3491:
1149:The Minister of Foreign Affairs of each
1088:
27:Council of Europe's decision-making body
14:
5381:
3494:
3407:
3216:The role of the Committee of Ministers
3200:Meetings of the Committee of Ministers
2570:Северна Македонија/Severna Makedonija
56:Please improve this article by adding
4987:
4961:
3373:a majority of those entitled to vote.
3344:Concluding Conventions and agreements
1145:Members of the Committee of Ministers
3437:
3308:
29:
4833:
3357:European Convention of Human Rights
1187:from November 2023 until May 2024.
24:
4696: : November 2023 – May 2024 (
4656: : November 2022 – May 2023 (
4620: : November 2021 – May 2022 (
4584: : November 2020 – May 2021 (
4548: : November 2019 – May 2020 (
4512: : November 2018 – May 2019 (
4476: : November 2017 – May 2018 (
4440: : November 2016 – May 2017 (
4400: : November 2015 – May 2016 (
4364: : November 2014 – May 2015 (
4324: : November 2013 – May 2014 (
4288: : November 2012 – May 2013 (
4248: : November 2011 – May 2012 (
4212: : November 2010 – May 2011 (
4176: : November 2009 – May 2010 (
4140: : November 2008 – May 2009 (
4104: : November 2007 – May 2008 (
4068: : November 2006 – May 2007 (
4032: : November 2005 – May 2006 (
3992: : November 2004 – May 2005 (
3952: : November 2003 – May 2004 (
3916: : November 2002 – May 2003 (
3880: : November 2001 – May 2002 (
3844: : November 2000 – May 2001 (
3804: : November 1999 – May 2000 (
3768: : November 1998 – May 1999 (
3732: : November 1997 – May 1998 (
3692: : November 1996 – May 1997 (
3656: : November 1995 – May 1996 (
3620: : November 1994 – May 1995 (
3580: : November 1993 – May 1994 (
3544: : November 1992 – May 1993 (
3508: : November 1991 – May 1992 (
25:
5400:
5368:Serbia and Montenegro (2003–2006)
4946:
222:Politics of the Council of Europe
4818: : November 2027 – May 2028
4808:
4794:
4790: : November 2026 – May 2027
4780:
4766:
4762: : November 2025 – May 2026
4752:
4738:
4734: : November 2024 – May 2025
4724:
4705:
4686:
4664:
4646:
4628:
4610:
4592:
4574:
4556:
4538:
4520:
4502:
4484:
4466:
4448:
4430:
4408:
4390:
4372:
4354:
4336:
4314:
4296:
4278:
4256:
4238:
4220:
4202:
4184:
4166:
4148:
4130:
4112:
4094:
4076:
4058:
4040:
4022:
4004:
3982:
3964:
3942:
3924:
3906:
3888:
3870:
3852:
3834:
3816:
3794:
3776:
3758:
3740:
3722:
3700:
3682:
3664:
3646:
3628:
3610:
3588:
3570:
3552:
3534:
3516:
3498:
3441:
3416:
3312:
3177:
3150:
3134:
3107:
3093:
3066:
3052:
3025:
3009:
2982:
2968:
2941:
2927:
2900:
2884:
2857:
2843:
2814:
2800:
2771:
2755:
2728:
2714:
2687:
2673:
2644:
2628:
2599:
2585:
2556:
2542:
2513:
2497:
2470:
2456:
2429:
2415:
2388:
2372:
2345:
2331:
2304:
2290:
2262:
2246:
2219:
2205:
2178:
2164:
2137:
2121:
2094:
2080:
2053:
2039:
2012:
1996:
1969:
1955:
1928:
1914:
1887:
1871:
1844:
1830:
1803:
1789:
1762:
1746:
1719:
1705:
1678:
1664:
1633:
1617:
1590:
1554:
1540:
1513:
1497:
1470:
1454:
1428:
1414:
1386:
1370:
1342:
1328:
1298:
1284:
1257:
1190:On 25th February, following the
1037:
1018:
1005:
992:
979:
966:
953:
940:
927:
914:
901:
888:
875:
862:
849:
836:
823:
810:
797:
784:
771:
758:
745:
732:
719:
706:
693:
680:
667:
654:
641:
628:
615:
602:
589:
576:
563:
550:
537:
524:
511:
498:
485:
472:
459:
446:
433:
229:
34:
4953:Homepage Committee of Ministers
3484:
2318:Lëtzebuerg/Luxembourg/Luxemburg
2245:
2217:
4917:
4892:
4866:
4853:
4715: : May – November 2024 (
4382: : May – November 2015 (
4158: : May – November 2009 (
3479:European Court of Human Rights
3361:European Court of Human Rights
3039:Schweiz/Suisse/Svizzera/Svizra
333:European Court of Human Rights
13:
1:
5028:Commissioner for Human Rights
4846:
4674: : May – November 2023 (
4658:Þórdís Kolbrún R. Gylfadóttir
4638: : May – November 2022 (
4602: : May – November 2021 (
4566: : May – November 2020 (
4530: : May – November 2019 (
4494: : May – November 2018 (
4458: : May – November 2017 (
4418: : May – November 2016 (
4346: : May – November 2014 (
4306: : May – November 2013 (
4266: : May – November 2012 (
4230: : May – November 2011 (
4194: : May – November 2010 (
4122: : May – November 2008 (
4086: : May – November 2007 (
4050: : May – November 2006 (
4014: : May – November 2005 (
3974: : May – November 2004 (
3934: : May – November 2003 (
3898: : May – November 2002 (
3862: : May – November 2001 (
3826: : May – November 2000 (
3786: : May – November 1999 (
3750: : May – November 1998 (
3710: : May – November 1997 (
3674: : May – November 1996 (
3638: : May – November 1995 (
3598: : May – November 1994 (
3562: : May – November 1993 (
3526: : May – November 1992 (
2229:Principality of Liechtenstein
2088:Þórdís Kolbrún R. Gylfadóttir
346:Commissioner for Human Rights
270:Þórdís Kolbrún R. Gylfadóttir
210:https://www.coe.int/en/web/cm
58:secondary or tertiary sources
2566:Republic of North Maecedonia
7:
4804: : May – November 2027
4776: : May – November 2026
4748: : May – November 2025
3244:Admitting new member States
1938:Federal Republic of Germany
1192:Russian invasion of Ukraine
10:
5405:
5353:Czechoslovakia (1991–1992)
3489:Incumbent listed in bold.
3240:of the Council of Europe.
2523:Kingdom of the Netherlands
383:Convention on Human Rights
5345:
5299:
5056:
4995:
2314:Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
208:
203:
188:
179:
174:
160:
155:
143:
136:
4826:
3230:public international law
1171:Permanent Representative
388:Convention on Cybercrime
5363:Saar (assoc. 1950–1956)
5013:Parliamentary Assembly
5008:Committee of Ministers
4878:www.europewatchdog.info
4680:Arturs Krišjānis Kariņš
4496:Marija Pejčinović Burić
4016:Diogo Freitas do Amaral
3994:Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz
3398:European Social Charter
3236:, interacting with the
1484:België/Belgique/Belgien
1308:Principality of Andorra
257:Marija Pejčinović Burić
5096:Bosnia and Herzegovina
4717:Gabrielius Landsbergis
4380:Bosnia and Herzegovina
4232:Kostyantyn Gryshchenko
4142:Miguel Ángel Moratinos
4034:Mihai Răzvan Ungureanu
3450:This section is empty.
3321:This section is empty.
2781:Republic of San Marino
2464:Isabelle Berro-Lefèvre
2439:Principality of Monaco
2298:Gabrielius Landsbergis
1523:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1437:Republic of Azerbaijan
1422:Alexander Schallenberg
1139:Parliamentary Assembly
1115:Committee of Ministers
1098:
519:Bosnia and Herzegovina
298:Theodoros Roussopoulos
292:Parliamentary Assembly
264:Committee of Ministers
45:relies excessively on
18:Committee of Ministers
5023:Court of Human Rights
4192:Republic of Macedonia
3954:Jaap de Hoop Scheffer
3658:Niels Helveg Petersen
2272:Republic of Lithuania
1901:საქართველო/Sakartvelo
1173:of the member state.
1092:
4326:Michael Spindelegger
4290:Gilbert Saboya Sunyé
2910:Republic of Slovenia
2004:Giorgos Gerapetritis
1754:Lars Løkke Rasmussen
1564:Republic of Bulgaria
1123:Comité des ministres
4178:Micheline Calmy-Rey
3998:Adam Daniel Rotfeld
3408:Adopting the budget
3035:Swiss Confederation
2976:José Manuel Albares
2697:Portuguese Republic
2484:Црна Гора/Crna Gora
2398:Republic of Moldova
1813:Republic of Finland
1772:Republic of Estonia
1672:Constantinos Kombos
1625:Gordan Grlić-Radman
1600:Republic of Croatia
1396:Republic of Austria
1352:Republic of Armenia
1267:Republic of Albania
1167:Ministers' Deputies
413:Istanbul Convention
5358:Russia (1996–2022)
4532:Jean-Yves Le Drian
4442:Ioannis Kasoulidis
3788:Halldór Ásgrímsson
3752:Theodoros Pangalos
3622:Alekos Michaelides
3600:Stanislav Daskalov
3299:European Community
3293:has attained full
3076:Republic of Turkey
2824:Republic of Serbia
2654:Republic of Poland
2613:Norge/Noreg/Norga
2188:Republic of Latvia
1922:Ilia Darchiashvili
1729:Kingdom of Denmark
1643:Republic of Cyprus
1568:България/Bǎlgariya
1480:Kingdom of Belgium
1160:chargés d'affaires
1099:
5389:Council of Europe
5376:
5375:
5043:Venice Commission
5003:Secretary General
4989:Council of Europe
4880:. 4 February 2014
4824:
4823:
4348:Elmar Mammadyarov
4308:Eduard Nalbandyan
4268:Edmond Haxhinasto
4196:Antonio Milošoski
3712:Hervé de Charette
3470:
3469:
3350:Council of Europe
3341:
3340:
3295:legal personality
3250:Council of Europe
3197:
3196:
3174:
3131:
3090:
3049:
3006:
2992:Kingdom of Sweden
2965:
2924:
2881:
2838:
2795:
2763:Luminița Odobescu
2752:
2711:
2709:22 September 1976
2681:Radosław Sikorski
2668:
2623:
2609:Kingdom of Norway
2580:
2537:
2494:
2453:
2412:
2369:
2355:Republic of Malta
2328:
2286:
2243:
2202:
2161:
2118:
2077:
2036:
1993:
1979:Hellenic Republic
1963:Annalena Baerbock
1952:
1911:
1879:Stéphane Séjourné
1868:
1827:
1786:
1743:
1702:
1661:
1614:
1578:
1548:Elmedin Konaković
1537:
1494:
1461:
1451:
1410:
1366:
1356:Հայաստան/Hayastan
1325:
1315:
1281:
1151:Council of Europe
1127:Council of Europe
1087:
1086:
1044:Europe portal
636:Georgia (country)
403:Oviedo Convention
305:European Congress
252:Secretary General
215:
214:
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
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4755:
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4741:
4730:
4728:
4727:
4711:
4709:
4708:
4698:Dominique Hasler
4692:
4690:
4689:
4676:Edgars Rinkēvičs
4670:
4668:
4667:
4652:
4650:
4649:
4634:
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4631:
4616:
4614:
4613:
4598:
4596:
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4580:
4578:
4577:
4562:
4560:
4559:
4550:David Zalkaliani
4544:
4542:
4541:
4526:
4524:
4523:
4508:
4506:
4505:
4490:
4488:
4487:
4478:Anders Samuelsen
4472:
4470:
4469:
4460:Lubomír Zaorálek
4454:
4452:
4451:
4436:
4434:
4433:
4420:Marina Kaljurand
4414:
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3910:
3909:
3894:
3892:
3891:
3882:Antanas Valionis
3876:
3874:
3873:
3858:
3856:
3855:
3840:
3838:
3837:
3822:
3820:
3819:
3800:
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3782:
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3540:
3538:
3537:
3522:
3520:
3519:
3504:
3502:
3501:
3492:
3465:
3462:
3452:You can help by
3445:
3438:
3336:
3333:
3323:You can help by
3316:
3309:
3181:
3173:
3168:
3155:
3154:
3138:
3130:
3125:
3121:Україна/Ukrayina
3112:
3111:
3097:
3089:
3084:
3071:
3070:
3056:
3048:
3043:
3030:
3029:
3017:Tobias Billström
3013:
3005:
3000:
2987:
2986:
2972:
2964:
2963:24 November 1977
2959:
2951:Kingdom of Spain
2946:
2945:
2931:
2923:
2918:
2905:
2904:
2888:
2880:
2875:
2862:
2861:
2847:
2837:
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2804:
2794:
2793:16 November 1988
2789:
2776:
2775:
2759:
2751:
2746:
2733:
2732:
2718:
2710:
2705:
2692:
2691:
2677:
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2666:26 November 1991
2662:
2649:
2648:
2636:Espen Barth Eide
2632:
2622:
2617:
2604:
2603:
2589:
2579:
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2561:
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2335:
2327:
2322:
2309:
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2294:
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2280:
2267:
2266:
2254:Dominique Hasler
2250:
2242:
2241:23 November 1978
2237:
2224:
2223:
2209:
2201:
2200:10 February 1995
2196:
2183:
2182:
2168:
2160:
2155:
2147:Italian Republic
2142:
2141:
2125:
2117:
2112:
2099:
2098:
2084:
2076:
2071:
2058:
2057:
2043:
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2017:
2016:
2000:
1992:
1987:
1974:
1973:
1959:
1951:
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1933:
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1825:13 February 2021
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1584:Dimitar Glavchev
1577:
1572:
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1322:10 November 1994
1318:
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1280:
1275:
1262:
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1251:
1242:
1233:
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1215:
1206:
1197:
1196:
1181:Dominique Hasler
1079:
1072:
1065:
1042:
1041:
1040:
1023:
1022:
1021:
1010:
1009:
1008:
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311:Leendert Verbeek
233:
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190:Palace of Europe
184:
168:Dominique Hasler
148:
134:
133:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
5404:
5403:
5399:
5398:
5397:
5395:
5394:
5393:
5379:
5378:
5377:
5372:
5341:
5295:
5221:North Macedonia
5052:
4991:
4986:
4949:
4944:
4943:
4933:
4931:
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4922:
4918:
4908:
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4881:
4872:
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4858:
4854:
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4834:
4829:
4816:North Macedonia
4809:
4807:
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4793:
4781:
4779:
4767:
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4753:
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4739:
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4725:
4723:
4706:
4704:
4687:
4685:
4665:
4663:
4647:
4645:
4629:
4627:
4611:
4609:
4604:Péter Szijjártó
4593:
4591:
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4573:
4557:
4555:
4539:
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4521:
4519:
4503:
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4409:
4407:
4391:
4389:
4373:
4371:
4366:Didier Reynders
4355:
4353:
4337:
4335:
4315:
4313:
4297:
4295:
4279:
4277:
4272:Edmond Panariti
4257:
4255:
4239:
4237:
4221:
4219:
4214:Ahmet Davutoğlu
4203:
4201:
4185:
4183:
4167:
4165:
4149:
4147:
4131:
4129:
4113:
4111:
4095:
4093:
4077:
4075:
4070:Fiorenzo Stolfi
4059:
4057:
4041:
4039:
4023:
4021:
4005:
4003:
3983:
3981:
3965:
3963:
3943:
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3925:
3923:
3907:
3905:
3889:
3887:
3871:
3869:
3853:
3851:
3846:Indulis Bērziņš
3835:
3833:
3817:
3815:
3795:
3793:
3777:
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3759:
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3741:
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3723:
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3701:
3699:
3683:
3681:
3665:
3663:
3647:
3645:
3640:Josef Zieleniec
3629:
3627:
3611:
3609:
3589:
3587:
3571:
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3129:9 November 1995
3127:
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2867:Slovak Republic
2864:
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2616:
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2606:
2605:
2598:
2590:
2581:
2578:9 November 1995
2576:
2573:
2569:
2563:
2562:
2555:
2550:Caspar Veldkamp
2547:
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2251:
2239:
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2226:
2225:
2218:
2210:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2185:
2184:
2177:
2169:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2136:
2126:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2101:
2100:
2093:
2085:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2060:
2059:
2052:
2047:Péter Szijjártó
2044:
2034:6 November 1990
2032:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2019:
2018:
2011:
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1989:
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1460:
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328:
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51:primary sources
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5402:
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5346:Former members
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5288:
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5116:Czech Republic
5113:
5108:
5103:
5098:
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5088:
5083:
5078:
5073:
5068:
5062:
5060:
5054:
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5048:Pompidou Group
5045:
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5025:
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5015:
5010:
5005:
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4992:
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4977:
4970:
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4947:External links
4945:
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3770:János Martonyi
3755:
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3716:Hubert Védrine
3697:
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3164:United Kingdom
3146:
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3104:
3091:
3063:
3060:Ignazio Cassis
3050:
3021:
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3007:
2979:
2966:
2938:
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2896:
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2882:
2854:
2841:
2828:Србија/Srbija
2811:
2798:
2767:
2766:
2753:
2750:7 October 1993
2725:
2712:
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2671:
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2639:
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2593:Timčo Mucunski
2583:
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2505:Filip Ivanović
2495:
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2451:5 October 2004
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2162:
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2129:Micheál Martin
2119:
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2008:
2007:
1994:
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1838:Elina Valtonen
1828:
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1797:Margus Tsahkna
1787:
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1688:Czech Republic
1675:
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1026:United Kingdom
1015:
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989:
976:
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937:
924:
911:
898:
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872:
859:
846:
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820:
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794:
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768:
755:
742:
729:
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690:
677:
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42:
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26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
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5332:United States
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5209:
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5181:Liechtenstein
5179:
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5159:
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5119:
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5019:
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4817:
4806:
4803:
4792:
4789:
4778:
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4761:
4750:
4747:
4736:
4733:
4722:
4720:
4718:
4714:
4702:
4699:
4695:
4694:Liechtenstein
4684:
4681:
4677:
4673:
4662:
4659:
4655:
4644:
4641:
4640:Simon Coveney
4637:
4626:
4623:
4622:Luigi Di Maio
4619:
4608:
4605:
4601:
4590:
4587:
4583:
4572:
4569:
4568:Nikos Dendias
4565:
4554:
4551:
4547:
4536:
4533:
4529:
4518:
4515:
4511:
4500:
4497:
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4457:
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4428:
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4421:
4417:
4406:
4403:
4399:
4388:
4385:
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4370:
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4363:
4352:
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4345:
4334:
4331:
4327:
4323:
4312:
4309:
4305:
4294:
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4287:
4276:
4273:
4269:
4265:
4254:
4251:
4250:William Hague
4247:
4236:
4233:
4229:
4218:
4215:
4211:
4200:
4197:
4193:
4182:
4179:
4175:
4164:
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4160:Samuel Žbogar
4157:
4146:
4143:
4139:
4128:
4125:
4121:
4110:
4107:
4103:
4092:
4089:
4085:
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4067:
4056:
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4052:Sergey Lavrov
4049:
4038:
4035:
4031:
4020:
4017:
4013:
4002:
3999:
3995:
3991:
3980:
3977:
3973:
3962:
3959:
3955:
3951:
3940:
3937:
3936:Nicolae Dudău
3933:
3922:
3919:
3915:
3904:
3901:
3897:
3886:
3883:
3879:
3868:
3865:
3861:
3860:Liechtenstein
3850:
3847:
3843:
3832:
3829:
3828:Lamberto Dini
3825:
3814:
3811:
3807:
3806:David Andrews
3803:
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3756:
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3709:
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3694:Tarja Halonen
3691:
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3662:
3659:
3655:
3644:
3641:
3637:
3626:
3623:
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3608:
3605:
3604:Ivan Stanchov
3601:
3597:
3586:
3583:
3579:
3568:
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3547:
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3451:
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3444:
3440:
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3431:
3422:
3417:Communication
3414:
3405:
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3399:
3394:
3390:
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3379:
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3326:
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3300:
3296:
3292:
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3264:
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3258:
3253:
3251:
3241:
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3235:
3231:
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3213:
3210:
3207:
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3191:
3189:
3187:
3186:
3180:
3176:
3162:
3161:
3153:
3148:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3142:Dmytro Kuleba
3137:
3133:
3119:
3118:
3110:
3105:
3103:
3102:
3096:
3092:
3088:13 April 1950
3078:
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3036:
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3012:
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2852:
2846:
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2799:
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2758:
2754:
2740:
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2559:
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2516:
2511:
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2500:
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2418:
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2400:
2399:
2391:
2386:
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2382:
2381:
2375:
2371:
2367:29 April 1965
2357:
2356:
2348:
2343:
2341:
2340:
2339:Xavier Bettel
2334:
2330:
2316:
2315:
2307:
2302:
2300:
2299:
2293:
2289:
2274:
2273:
2265:
2260:
2259:
2256:
2255:
2249:
2233:Liechtenstein
2231:
2230:
2222:
2215:
2214:
2208:
2204:
2190:
2189:
2181:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2167:
2163:
2149:
2148:
2140:
2135:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2124:
2120:
2106:
2105:
2097:
2092:
2090:
2089:
2083:
2079:
2065:
2064:
2056:
2051:
2049:
2048:
2042:
2038:
2024:
2023:
2015:
2010:
2009:
2006:
2005:
1999:
1995:
1991:9 August 1949
1983:Ελλάδα/Elláda
1981:
1980:
1972:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1958:
1954:
1940:
1939:
1931:
1926:
1924:
1923:
1917:
1913:
1909:27 April 1999
1899:
1898:
1890:
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1884:
1881:
1880:
1874:
1870:
1856:
1855:
1847:
1842:
1840:
1839:
1833:
1829:
1817:Suomi/Finland
1815:
1814:
1806:
1801:
1799:
1798:
1792:
1788:
1774:
1773:
1765:
1760:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1749:
1745:
1731:
1730:
1722:
1717:
1715:
1714:
1708:
1704:
1690:
1689:
1681:
1676:
1674:
1673:
1667:
1663:
1651:Kýpros/Kıbrıs
1650:
1645:
1644:
1636:
1631:
1630:
1627:
1626:
1620:
1616:
1602:
1601:
1593:
1588:
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1535:24 April 2002
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1411:
1408:16 April 1956
1398:
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1369:
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1336:Imma Tor Faus
1331:
1327:
1310:
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1226:
1223:
1217:
1214:
1208:
1205:
1199:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1188:
1186:
1185:Liechtenstein
1182:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1168:
1163:
1161:
1157:
1152:
1142:
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1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
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1108:
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1096:
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1047:
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1035:
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1027:
1016:
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1001:
990:
988:
977:
975:
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962:
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949:
938:
936:
925:
923:
912:
910:
899:
897:
886:
884:
873:
871:
860:
858:
847:
845:
834:
832:
821:
819:
808:
806:
795:
793:
782:
780:
769:
767:
756:
754:
743:
741:
740:Liechtenstein
730:
728:
717:
715:
704:
702:
691:
689:
678:
676:
665:
663:
652:
650:
639:
637:
626:
624:
613:
611:
600:
598:
587:
585:
574:
572:
561:
559:
548:
546:
535:
533:
522:
520:
509:
507:
496:
494:
483:
481:
470:
468:
457:
455:
444:
442:
431:
430:
427:
422:
421:
414:
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409:
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404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
380:
377:
372:
371:
364:
361:
359:
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352:
349:
348:
347:
344:
340:
336:
335:
334:
331:
330:
327:
322:
321:
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308:
307:
306:
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299:
295:
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281:
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228:
227:
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207:
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187:
183:
178:
175:Meeting place
173:
169:
165:
159:
154:
147:
142:
135:
132:
124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
53:
52:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
5337:EU relations
5007:
4996:Institutions
4932:. Retrieved
4928:
4919:
4907:. Retrieved
4903:
4894:
4882:. Retrieved
4877:
4868:
4859:(in French)
4855:
4835:
4703:
4402:Daniel Mitov
4384:Igor Crnadak
4171:
3976:Jan Petersen
3900:Lydie Polfer
3734:Klaus Kinkel
3546:Douglas Hurd
3528:Hikmet Çetin
3503:
3488:
3485:Chairmanship
3476:
3461:January 2011
3458:
3454:adding to it
3449:
3428:
3420:
3411:
3402:
3395:
3391:
3388:
3385:
3376:
3365:
3354:
3347:
3332:January 2011
3329:
3325:adding to it
3320:
3283:Vatican City
3272:
3265:
3261:
3254:
3247:
3227:
3219:
3211:
3203:
3183:
3169:Member since
3158:
3140:
3126:Member since
3115:
3099:
3085:Member since
3074:
3058:
3044:Member since
3033:
3015:
3001:Member since
2990:
2974:
2960:Member since
2949:
2933:
2919:Member since
2908:
2892:Juraj Blanár
2890:
2879:30 June 1993
2876:Member since
2865:
2849:
2836:14 June 2006
2833:Member since
2829:
2822:
2808:Luca Beccari
2806:
2790:Member since
2786:
2779:
2761:
2747:Member since
2736:
2722:Paulo Rangel
2720:
2706:Member since
2695:
2679:
2663:Member since
2659:
2652:
2634:
2618:Member since
2614:
2607:
2591:
2575:Member since
2571:
2564:
2548:
2532:Member since
2528:
2521:
2503:
2489:Member since
2478:
2462:
2448:Member since
2437:
2423:Mihai Popșoi
2421:
2410:13 July 1995
2407:Member since
2396:
2378:
2364:Member since
2353:
2337:
2323:Member since
2312:
2296:
2281:Member since
2270:
2252:
2238:Member since
2227:
2211:
2197:Member since
2186:
2170:
2156:Member since
2145:
2127:
2113:Member since
2108:Éire/Ireland
2102:
2086:
2075:7 March 1950
2072:Member since
2061:
2045:
2031:Member since
2026:Magyarország
2020:
2002:
1988:Member since
1977:
1961:
1950:13 July 1950
1947:Member since
1936:
1920:
1906:Member since
1895:
1877:
1863:Member since
1852:
1836:
1822:Member since
1811:
1795:
1781:Member since
1770:
1752:
1738:Member since
1727:
1713:Jan Lipavský
1711:
1700:30 June 1993
1697:Member since
1686:
1670:
1656:Member since
1648:
1641:
1623:
1609:Member since
1599:
1582:
1573:Member since
1562:
1546:
1532:Member since
1521:
1505:Hadja Lahbib
1503:
1489:Member since
1478:
1462:
1446:Member since
1436:
1420:
1405:Member since
1403:
1394:
1376:
1361:Member since
1350:
1334:
1319:Member since
1306:
1290:
1279:13 July 1995
1276:Member since
1265:
1246:
1237:
1228:
1219:
1210:
1201:
1189:
1178:
1175:
1164:
1159:
1148:
1122:
1114:
1110:
1102:
1100:
339:Robert Spano
263:
131:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
44:
5276:Switzerland
5216:Netherlands
4934:25 February
4929:www.coe.int
4904:www.coe.int
4802:Netherlands
4424:Jürgen Ligi
4174:Switzerland
4088:Vuk Jeremić
3950:Netherlands
3864:Ernst Walch
3810:Brian Cowen
3676:Siim Kallas
3582:Willy Claes
3510:René Felber
3506:Switzerland
3285:as well as
3185:David Lammy
3101:Hakan Fidan
2935:Tanja Fajon
2922:14 May 1993
2851:Marko Đurić
2785:San Marino
2492:11 May 2007
2284:14 May 1993
2213:Baiba Braže
1942:Deutschland
1784:14 May 1993
1659:24 May 1961
1292:Igli Hasani
987:Switzerland
831:Netherlands
337:President:
309:President:
296:President:
285:Legislature
268:President:
5246:San Marino
5211:Montenegro
5191:Luxembourg
5086:Azerbaijan
4884:7 February
4847:References
4788:Montenegro
4732:Luxembourg
4586:Heiko Maas
4514:Timo Soini
4344:Azerbaijan
4124:Carl Bildt
4066:San Marino
3896:Luxembourg
3564:Alois Mock
3279:Kazakhstan
3206:Strasbourg
3172:5 May 1949
3047:6 May 1963
3004:5 May 1949
2621:5 May 1949
2535:5 May 1949
2527:Nederland
2480:Montenegro
2326:5 May 1949
2159:5 May 1949
2116:5 May 1949
1866:5 May 1949
1741:5 May 1949
1576:7 May 1992
1492:5 May 1949
1441:Azərbaycan
1400:Österreich
1156:Strasbourg
1131:Strasbourg
909:San Marino
818:Montenegro
766:Luxembourg
493:Azerbaijan
194:Strasbourg
156:Leadership
110:March 2024
80:newspapers
47:references
5300:Observers
5186:Lithuania
4713:Lithuania
4106:Ján Kubiš
3878:Lithuania
2914:Slovenija
2871:Slovensko
1271:Shqipëria
1125:) is the
753:Lithuania
326:Judiciary
245:Executive
162:President
5383:Category
5312:Holy See
5261:Slovenia
5256:Slovakia
5236:Portugal
5101:Bulgaria
5018:Congress
4398:Bulgaria
4156:Slovenia
4102:Slovakia
4012:Portugal
3918:Joe Borg
3596:Bulgaria
2701:Portugal
2380:Ian Borg
1604:Hrvatska
1248:Minister
1230:Minister
1212:Minister
948:Slovenia
935:Slovakia
883:Portugal
532:Bulgaria
5286:Ukraine
5241:Romania
5201:Moldova
5166:Ireland
5161:Iceland
5156:Hungary
5146:Germany
5141:Georgia
5131:Finland
5126:Estonia
5121:Denmark
5106:Croatia
5091:Belgium
5081:Austria
5076:Armenia
5071:Andorra
5066:Albania
5058:Members
4760:Moldova
4654:Iceland
4636:Ireland
4600:Hungary
4582:Germany
4546:Georgia
4510:Finland
4492:Croatia
4474:Denmark
4456:Czechia
4416:Estonia
4362:Belgium
4322:Austria
4304:Armenia
4286:Andorra
4264:Albania
4228:Ukraine
4030:Romania
3958:Ben Bot
3932:Moldova
3802:Ireland
3784:Iceland
3766:Hungary
3730:Germany
3690:Finland
3672:Estonia
3654:Denmark
3636:Czechia
3578:Belgium
3560:Austria
3275:Belarus
3117:Ukraine
3080:Türkiye
2996:Sverige
2742:România
2738:Romania
2658:Polska
2402:Moldova
2276:Lietuva
2192:Latvija
2104:Ireland
2063:Iceland
2022:Hungary
1897:Georgia
1733:Danmark
1312:Andorra
1013:Ukraine
896:Romania
792:Moldova
701:Ireland
688:Iceland
675:Hungary
649:Germany
610:Finland
597:Estonia
584:Denmark
571:Czechia
545:Croatia
506:Belgium
480:Austria
467:Armenia
454:Andorra
441:Albania
426:Members
204:Website
94:scholar
5327:Mexico
5317:Israel
5307:Canada
5281:Turkey
5271:Sweden
5251:Serbia
5231:Poland
5226:Norway
5206:Monaco
5176:Latvia
5151:Greece
5136:France
5111:Cyprus
4909:24 May
4813:
4799:
4785:
4774:Monaco
4771:
4757:
4743:
4729:
4710:
4691:
4672:Latvia
4669:
4651:
4633:
4615:
4597:
4579:
4564:Greece
4561:
4543:
4528:France
4525:
4507:
4489:
4471:
4453:
4438:Cyprus
4435:
4413:
4395:
4377:
4359:
4341:
4319:
4301:
4283:
4261:
4243:
4225:
4210:Turkey
4207:
4189:
4153:
4135:
4120:Sweden
4117:
4099:
4084:Serbia
4081:
4063:
4048:Russia
4045:
4027:
4009:
3990:Poland
3987:
3972:Norway
3969:
3947:
3929:
3911:
3893:
3875:
3857:
3842:Latvia
3839:
3821:
3799:
3781:
3763:
3748:Greece
3745:
3727:
3708:France
3705:
3687:
3669:
3651:
3633:
3618:Cyprus
3615:
3593:
3575:
3557:
3539:
3524:Turkey
3521:
3287:Kosovo
2955:España
2443:Monaco
2151:Italia
2067:Ísland
1858:France
1647:Κύπρος
1239:Member
1221:Member
1203:Member
1135:Europe
1119:French
1107:French
1097:, 2016
1024:
1011:
1000:Turkey
998:
985:
974:Sweden
972:
959:
946:
933:
922:Serbia
920:
907:
894:
881:
870:Poland
868:
857:Norway
855:
842:
829:
816:
805:Monaco
803:
790:
777:
764:
751:
738:
727:Latvia
725:
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686:
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662:Greece
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647:
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608:
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558:Cyprus
556:
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530:
517:
504:
491:
478:
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452:
439:
198:France
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
5322:Japan
5266:Spain
5196:Malta
5171:Italy
4827:Notes
4746:Malta
4618:Italy
4138:Spain
3914:Malta
3824:Italy
2359:Malta
1776:Eesti
1692:Česko
1183:from
1113:) or
1095:Sofia
961:Spain
779:Malta
714:Italy
101:JSTOR
87:books
4936:2022
4911:2022
4886:2023
3281:and
3221:the
1101:The
150:Logo
73:news
3456:.
3327:.
376:Law
49:to
5385::
4927:.
4902:.
4876:.
4678:,
4422:,
4328:,
4270:,
3996:,
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3270:.
1402:–
1162:.
1121::
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3459:(
3334:)
3330:(
3166:–
3123:–
3082:–
3041:–
2998:–
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1649:/
1606:–
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1117:(
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117:(
112:)
108:(
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91:·
84:·
77:·
54:.
20:)
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