2665:
580:
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542:"We are doing everything possible to give work this new status as a social duty and to link it on the one hand with the development of technology, which will create the conditions for greater freedom, and on the other hand with voluntary work based on the Marxist appreciation that one truly reaches a full human condition when no longer compelled to produce by the physical necessity to sell oneself as a commodity."
44:
2751:". At first, goods may not even be intentionally produced for the explicit purpose of exchanging them, but as a regular market for goods develops and a cash economy grows, this becomes more and more the case, and production increasingly becomes integrated in commodity trade. "The product becomes a commodity" and "exchange value of the commodity acquires a separate existence alongside the commodity"
2677:
3036:
Marx acknowledged explicitly that not all commodities are products of human labour; all kinds of things can be traded "as if" they are commodities, so long as property rights can be attached to them. These are "fictitious commodities" or "pseudo-commodities" or "fiduciary commodities", i.e. their
2817:
In absolute terms, exchange values can also be measured as quantities of average labour-hours. Commodities which contain the same amount of socially necessary labor have the same exchange value. By contrast, prices are normally measured in money-units. For practical purposes, prices are, however,
2813:
Thus, the "commodification" of a good or service often involves a considerable practical accomplishment in trade. It is a process that may be influenced not just by economic or technical factors, but also political and cultural factors, insofar as it involves property rights, claims to access to
2765:
becomes more complex, a class of merchants emerges which specialises in trading commodities, buying here and selling there, without producing products themselves, and parallel to this, property owners emerge who extend credit and charge rents. This process goes together with the increased use of
3013:, consists of the equivalent of variable capital, plus surplus value. Thus, the workers produce by their labor both a new value equal to their own wages, plus an additional new value which is claimed by capitalists by virtue of their ownership and supply of productive capital.
3024:; by their work, workers create a new value distributed as both labour-income and property-income. If, as free workers, they choose to stop working, the system begins to break down; hence, capitalist civilisation strongly emphasizes the
3008:
Likewise, in considering the gross output of capitalist production in an economy as a whole, Marx divides its value into these four components. He argues that the total new value added in production, which he calls the
2777:
The transformation of a labor-product into a commodity (its "marketing") is in reality not a simple process, but has many technical and social preconditions. These often include the following ten (10) main ones:
456:
is any good or service ("products" or "activities") produced by human labour and offered as a product for general sale on the market. Some other priced goods are also treated as commodities, e.g. human
3037:
existence as commodities is only nominal or conventional. They may not even be tangible objects, but exist only ideally. A property right or financial claim, for instance, may be traded as a commodity.
523:
of exchange-value, but exchange value could also be expressed as a direct trading ratio between two commodities without using money, and goods could be priced using different valuations or criteria.
2900:
Since no one agency can control or regulate the myriad of transactions that occur (apart from blocking some trade here, and permitting it there), the whole of production falls under the sway of the
2870:
The hyphens ("-") here refer to a transaction applying to an exchange involving goods or money; the dots in the last-mentioned circuit ("...") indicate that a value-forming process ("P") occurs
2839:
C-C' (countertrade, in which a commodity trades directly for a different commodity, with money possibly being used as an accounting referent, for example, food for oil, or weapons for diamonds)
427:
2754:
Even so, in simple commodity production, not all inputs and outputs of the production process are necessarily commodities or priced goods, and it is compatible with a variety of different
3514:
4574:
856:
821:
461:, works of art and natural resources, even though they may not be produced specifically for the market, or be non-reproducible goods. This problem was extensively debated by
2997:
by the ruling profit margins applying to outputs sold. They reflect the fact that production has become totally integrated into the circuits of commodity trade, in which
3582:
515:, meaning that a commodity can be traded for other commodities, and thus give its owner the benefit of others' labor (the labor done to produce the purchased commodity).
420:
477:
are not equivalent terms in economics, and theorising the specific relationship of value to market price has been a challenge for both liberal and
Marxist economists.
2874:
purchase of commodities and the sales of different commodities. Thus, while at first merchants are intermediaries between producers and consumers, later capitalist
641:
4313:
413:
342:
352:
4564:
214:
2878:
becomes an intermediary between buyers and sellers of commodities. In that case, the valuation of labour is determined by the value of its products.
2809:
Guarantees about the quality and safety of the commodity, and possibly a guarantee of replacement or service, should it fail to function as intended.
2818:
usually preferable to labour-hours, as units of account, although in capitalist work processes the two are related to each other (see labor power).
4239:
2836:
M-M' (a sum of money is lent out at interest to obtain more money, or, one currency or financial claim is traded for another; "money begets money")
2112:
3575:
3540:
287:
3306:
2800:
The (physical) transferability of the commodity itself, i.e. the ability to store, package, preserve and transport it from one owner to another.
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ranging from self-employment and family labour to serfdom and slavery. Typically, however, it is the producer himself who trades his surpluses.
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59:
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triple-C: Cognition, Communication, Co-operation (Vol. 10, No. 2) - special issue "Marx is Back" (edited by
Christian Fuchs and Vincent Mosco)
504:
It has a use value because, by its intrinsic characteristics, it can satisfy some human need or want, physical or ideal. By nature this is a
2986:
These components reflect respectively labour costs, the cost of materials and operating expenses including depreciation, and generic profit.
601:
4554:
596:
493:, which represents a quantity of human labor. Because it has value, implies that people try to economise its use. A commodity also has a
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222:
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become expressed as relations between things; for example, price relations. Markets mediate a complex network of interdependencies and
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616:
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used in production to create a new commodity, which is sold for more money than the original outlay; "the circular course of capital")
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851:
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The existence of a social need for it (a market demand) that must be met through trade, or at any event cannot be met otherwise.
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Commodity-trade, Marx argues, historically begins at the boundaries of separate economic communities based otherwise on a
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3028:, regardless of religious belief. People must work, because work is the source of new value, profits and capital.
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of commodities (cost-price + average profit). Prices of production are established jointly by average input costs
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1952:
1502:
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form of production. Thus, producers trade in those goods of which those producers, have episodic or permanent
998:
896:
876:
781:
706:
531:
104:
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Collected Works of Karl Marx and
Frederick Engels: Volume 35 (International Publishers: New York, 1996) p. 49.
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Collected Works of Karl Marx and
Frederick Engels: Volume 35 (International Publishers: New York, 1996) p. 48.
1100:
485:
In Marx's theory, a commodity is something that is bought and sold, or exchanged in a relationship of trade.
4322:
4126:
4013:
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79:
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becomes the dominant motive. But what prices of production simultaneously hide is the social nature of the
1922:
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891:
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emerging among people who may not even know who produced the goods they buy, or where they were produced.
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2748:
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1702:
831:
756:
651:
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3515:"A Note on the Ongoing Processes of Commodification: From the Audience Commodity to the Social Factory"
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2177:
2102:
1465:
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701:
169:
2847:(a commodity is sold for money, which buys another, different commodity with an equal or higher value)
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M-C (an act of purchase: a sum of money purchases a commodity, or "money is changed into a commodity")
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4008:
3925:
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3303:
2342:
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806:
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By producing new capital in the form of new commodities, Marx argues the working class continuously
4676:
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3017:
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The right to buy and sell the commodity, and/or obtain (privately) and keep income from such trade
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to their own requirements, and they aim to obtain different goods with an equal value in return.
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1413:
1145:
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337:
109:
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2908:, i.e. the aggregate effects of a multitude of people interacting in markets. How quantities of
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164:
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816:
761:
527:
490:
159:
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Both commodity and commodification play an important role in the critical approaches to the
534:
required to produce them, and price relativities of products are ultimately governed by the
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4229:
4136:
4093:
4053:
3965:
3741:
3636:
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2923:, commodity sales increase the amount of exchange-value in the possession of the owners of
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589:
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The existence of a reliable supply of a product, or at least a surplus or surplus product.
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886:
312:
8:
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791:
711:
606:
302:
282:
3128:(International Publishers: New York, 1967) p. 38 and also "Capital" as contained in the
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1033:
508:, i.e. the object is useful not just to the producer but has a use for others generally.
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4259:
4083:
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3895:
3885:
3736:
3701:
3611:
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2639:
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2470:
2425:
2420:
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2082:
1807:
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1642:
1612:
1472:
1298:
1278:
1218:
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869:
826:
686:
357:
89:
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2132:
267:
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1832:
1752:
1677:
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1418:
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1125:
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1068:
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1021:
983:
926:
441:
387:
94:
64:
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1977:
1912:
1862:
1727:
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4447:
4427:
4377:
4336:
4264:
4184:
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3935:
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3761:
3468:
The concept of the commodity is explored at length by Marx in the following works:
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2959:
2890:
2744:
2693:
2669:
2605:
2590:
2382:
2317:
2217:
2152:
2127:
2077:
2042:
2002:
1837:
1797:
1762:
1652:
1632:
1582:
1577:
1557:
1512:
1482:
1428:
1377:
1372:
1339:
1238:
1195:
1140:
1083:
681:
563:
401:
252:
3234:
Karl Marx, "A Contribution to the
Critique of Political Economy" contained in the
3221:
Karl Marx, "A Contribution to the
Critique of Political Economy" contained in the
3175:, (International Publishers: New York, 1967) p. 38 and "Capital" contained in the
3158:
Karl Marx, "A Contribution to the
Critique of Political Economy" contained in the
2855:(money is used to buy a commodity which is resold to obtain a larger sum of money)
2392:
4437:
4412:
4234:
3786:
3656:
3500:, "Commodities and Gifts: Why Commodities Represent More than Market Relations".
3310:
3047:
2737:
2622:
2513:
2465:
2460:
2372:
2307:
2287:
2227:
2122:
2097:
2062:
2057:
2047:
2017:
1972:
1962:
1827:
1767:
1722:
1687:
1667:
1627:
1602:
1448:
1367:
1063:
993:
726:
307:
262:
4291:
3276:(International Publishers: New York, 1967) p. 39 and "Capital" contained in the
2032:
4529:
4488:
4397:
4387:
4346:
4078:
4043:
3860:
3721:
3696:
3691:
3681:
3651:
3289:
3067:
2989:
In capitalism, Marx argues, commodity values are commercially expressed as the
2913:
2885:
effects of universalised trade in commodities, involving a process Marx calls "
2627:
2455:
2357:
2292:
2282:
2272:
2267:
2187:
2167:
2157:
2147:
2137:
2107:
2087:
2027:
2022:
2007:
1992:
1982:
1902:
1872:
1867:
1857:
1782:
1757:
1747:
1742:
1717:
1707:
1682:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1562:
1243:
1175:
1130:
906:
746:
498:
332:
292:
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The legally sanctioned assertion of private ownership rights to the commodity.
1882:
4665:
4620:
4483:
4356:
4219:
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3835:
3010:
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from the trade, by acting as intermediaries between producers and consumers.
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2192:
2182:
2092:
1967:
1847:
1822:
1817:
1787:
1712:
1617:
1567:
1492:
1477:
1423:
1397:
1155:
936:
466:
257:
154:
4392:
3338:
Karl Marx, "Outlines of the
Critique of Political Capital" contained in the
3259:
Karl Marx, "Outlines of the
Critique of Political Economy" contained in the
3246:
Karl Marx, "Outlines of the
Critique of Political Economy" contained in the
3111:
Karl Marx, "Outlines of the Critique of Political Economy" contained in the
4508:
4498:
4156:
4098:
3905:
3870:
3766:
3555:
Privileged Goods: Commoditization and Its Impact on Environment and Society
3077:
3002:
2901:
2894:
2863:
2565:
2387:
2362:
2327:
2257:
2252:
2237:
2222:
2172:
2162:
2012:
1997:
1987:
1937:
1907:
1892:
1877:
1842:
1662:
1622:
1572:
1522:
1443:
1387:
535:
119:
3005:
process, i.e. how an increase in capital-value occurs through production.
4544:
4432:
4351:
4131:
4103:
3875:
3676:
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2347:
2302:
2197:
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1637:
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1008:
691:
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547:
458:
277:
208:
114:
4549:
4513:
4382:
4113:
3993:
3661:
3025:
2826:
The seven basic forms of commodity trade can be summarised as follows:
2806:
The possibility of the owner to use or consume the commodity privately.
2397:
2207:
2037:
1947:
1942:
1932:
1812:
1737:
1697:
1692:
1532:
1332:
1307:
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621:
462:
194:
134:
129:
124:
16:
Something bought and sold as a result of labor value, in Marxist theory
2794:
The transferability of these private rights from one owner to another.
4640:
4534:
4341:
4214:
4204:
4028:
4018:
3945:
3236:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 29, p. 270.
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2523:
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2332:
1957:
1552:
1507:
1317:
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445:
382:
247:
43:
2558:
2553:
2352:
1433:
3601:
1327:
571:
2955:
of any such commodity is reducible to four components equal to:
2770:, and the aim of merchants, bankers and renters becomes to gain
530:, product-values in an open market are regulated by the average
4171:
1322:
2688:
857:
Their Morals and Ours: The class foundations of moral practice
4493:
3193:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 35,
2791:
The enforcement of these rights, so that ownership is secure.
2767:
474:
3455:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 35
3438:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 35
3408:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 35
3391:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 35
3374:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 35
3357:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 35
3340:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 28
3327:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 35
3261:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 28
3248:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 28
3223:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 29
3210:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 35
3160:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 29
3147:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 35
3130:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 35
3113:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 28
2743:
Marx refers to this as "simple exchange" which implies what
4575:
An Introduction to the Three Volumes of Karl Marx's Capital
4003:
3496:
A useful commentary on the Marxian concept is provided in:
822:
An Introduction to the Three Volumes of Karl Marx's Capital
2912:
are allocated in a market economy depends mainly on their
2814:
resources, and guarantees about quality or safety of use.
2947:
of a capitalistically produced commodity (in contrast to
2803:
The imposition of exclusivity of access to the commodity.
642:
The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State
554:
3590:
3250:(International Publishers: New York, 1986) pp. 167-168.
2916:, and this allocation is mediated by the "cash nexus".
2904:, and economics becomes a science aiming to understand
3302: : The Cuban Revolution Today" (12 March 1965)
4565:
A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy
2833:
C-M (an act of sale: a commodity is sold for money)
3512:
3225:(International Publishers: New York, 1987) p. 269.
3162:(International Publishers: New York, 1987) p. 270.
3145:, p. 36 and also in "Capital" as contained in the
4321:
3423:(International Publishers: New York, 1967) p. 56.
3115:(International Publishers: New York, 1986) p. 80.
4663:
4240:Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun
2938:
3474:Contribution to a Critique of Political Economy
480:
3453:, pp. 71â72 and "Capital" as contained in the
3436:, pp. 71â83 and "Capital" as contained in the
4307:
3576:
2713:
602:The Condition of the Working Class in England
421:
4555:Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844
2972:Incidental expenses which cost labour-time (
597:Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844
4570:Outlines of a Critique of Political Economy
3539:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3406:, p. 150 and "Capital" as contained in the
3389:, p. 155 and "Capital" as contained in the
3372:, p. 147 and "Capital" as contained in the
3355:, p. 147 and "Capital" as contained in the
2821:
223:Outlines of a Critique of Political Economy
4314:
4300:
3583:
3569:
3325:, p. 87 and "Capital" as contained in the
2720:
2706:
742:Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses
617:The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte
428:
414:
4200:The East wind prevails over the West wind
3488:Commodities â from the first chapter of
3208:, p. 36 and "Capital" contained in the
3191:, p. 35 and "Capital" contained in the
852:The Struggle Against Fascism in Germany
4664:
1528:Socialism with Chinese characteristics
4682:Marxian critique of political economy
4295:
3564:
3031:
2441:Critique: Journal of Socialist Theory
812:Change the World Without Taking Power
555:Historical origins of commodity trade
4469:Abstract labour and concrete labour
3591:Marxist phraseology and terminology
767:Marxism and the Oppression of Women
697:Theses on the Philosophy of History
13:
3547:
3509:political economy of communication
14:
4698:
3841:Commanding heights of the economy
3707:Primitive accumulation of capital
787:Time, Labor and Social Domination
228:Time, Labor and Social Domination
4255:Revolution is not a dinner party
4225:Whole-process people's democracy
2931:and thus augment their capital (
2687:
2675:
2663:
2499:21st-century communist theorists
837:Towards Socialism or Capitalism?
752:How Europe Underdeveloped Africa
672:Essays on Marx's Theory of Value
578:
42:
4595:Who cooked Adam Smith's dinner?
4152:Uneven and combined development
3667:Dictatorship of the proletariat
3443:
3426:
3413:
3396:
3379:
3362:
3345:
3332:
3315:
3282:
3266:
3253:
3240:
1201:Theory of historical trajectory
1079:Dictatorship of the proletariat
777:Hegemony and Socialist Strategy
677:History and Class Consciousness
632:Critique of the Gotha Programme
4504:Socially necessary labour time
3921:Socially necessary labour time
3228:
3215:
3198:
3181:
3165:
3152:
3135:
3118:
3105:
999:Socially necessary labour time
897:Philosophy in the Soviet Union
782:The Sublime Object of Ideology
707:A Critique of Soviet Economics
532:socially necessary labour time
105:Socially necessary labour time
1:
4687:Critique of political economy
4474:Capitalist mode of production
4323:Critique of political economy
4281:People's Multiparty Democracy
3831:Capitalist mode of production
3816:Critique of political economy
3647:Capitalist mode of production
3463:
3288:A letter from Che Guevara to
2939:Cost structure of commodities
2921:capitalist mode of production
2858:M-C...P...-C'-M' (money buys
920:Critique of political economy
450:critique of political economy
378:Critique of political economy
217:Critique of Political Economy
80:Critique of political economy
60:Capitalist mode of production
4195:Continuous revolution theory
3916:Socialist mode of production
3772:Workers of the world, unite!
3747:Socialist mode of production
3712:Proletarian internationalism
3504:, Vol 68, # 1, Spring 2004.
957:Falling profit-rate tendency
732:The Society of the Spectacle
481:Characteristics of commodity
175:Falling profit-rate tendency
75:Concrete and abstract labour
7:
4580:Critique of Economic Reason
3911:Simple commodity production
3304:"Socialism and Man in Cuba"
3083:Simple commodity production
3040:
2949:simple commodity production
2749:simple commodity production
2431:Capitalism Nature Socialism
947:Concrete and abstract labor
832:Capital in the Anthropocene
757:Social Justice and the City
652:The Accumulation of Capital
10:
4703:
4180:Antagonistic contradiction
4127:Degenerated workers' state
2919:In Marx's analysis of the
702:Dialectic of Enlightenment
473:, among others. Value and
338:New School Economic Review
201:Economic and Philosophical
170:Technological unemployment
4603:
4522:
4461:
4370:
4329:
4273:
4170:
4112:
4024:People's democratic state
4009:General line of the party
3964:
3800:
3732:Revolutionary spontaneity
3596:
3483:Volume 1 Part 1 Chapter 1
847:Literature and Revolution
807:Late Victorian Holocausts
737:Pedagogy of the Oppressed
722:The Wretched of the Earth
4560:The Mirror of Production
4074:Socialism in one country
4034:Political rehabilitation
3513:Prodnik, Jernej (2012).
3099:
2974:faux frais of production
2951:), Marx claims that the
2822:Forms of commodity trade
797:The Origin of Capitalism
667:The State and Revolution
4626:Criticism of capitalism
4585:Discourse on Inequality
4250:Revolutionary base area
4210:MarxismâLeninismâMaoism
4122:Deformed workers' state
3901:Relations of production
3821:Accumulation of capital
3801:Sociology and economics
3617:Base and superstructure
3597:Philosophy and politics
3022:relations of production
2756:relations of production
1503:MarxismâLeninismâMaoism
1146:Relations of production
1029:Base and superstructure
882:Dialectical materialism
842:The Revolution Betrayed
662:Terrorism and Communism
657:Philosophical Notebooks
612:The Communist Manifesto
471:Karl Rodbertus-Jagetzow
100:Relations of production
4069:Socialist accumulation
3717:Proletarian revolution
3672:Historical materialism
3298:as "From Algiers, for
3073:Labour theory of value
2965:Fixed and circulating
2962:used up to produce it.
2446:Historical Materialism
1191:Proletarian revolution
1186:Primitive accumulation
1181:Historical determinism
552:
348:Historical Materialism
165:Historical materialism
4636:Economic anthropology
4362:Erik Johan Stagnelius
3989:Democratic centralism
3632:Bourgeois nationalism
3502:Science & Society
2682:Philosophy portal
2476:Science & Society
1094:Democratic centralism
952:Factors of production
817:Caliban and the Witch
762:Women, Race and Class
540:
528:labor theory of value
215:A Contribution to the
130:Wertabspaltungskritik
4646:Mainstream economics
4540:The Right to Be Lazy
4230:One Divides Into Two
4137:Permanent revolution
4094:Democracy in Marxism
4054:Revolutionary terror
3851:Commodity production
3836:Crisis of capitalism
3742:Scientific socialism
3637:Bourgeois revolution
3093:Value-form (Marxism)
3063:Commodity production
2999:capital accumulation
2991:prices of production
2933:capital accumulation
2694:Socialism portal
2670:Communism portal
2539:History of communism
2534:Economic determinism
2519:Criticism of Marxism
2509:Creative destruction
1269:Marxism and religion
989:Scientific socialism
892:Philosophy of nature
772:Imagined Communities
637:Dialectics of Nature
4616:Classical economics
4611:Assume a can opener
4443:Claus Peter Ortlieb
4418:Hans-Georg Backhaus
4147:Transitional demand
4014:National liberation
3999:Enemy of the people
3881:Means of production
3642:Bourgeois socialism
3627:Bourgeois democracy
3058:Commodity fetishism
2943:In considering the
2927:, i.e., they yield
2887:commodity fetishism
2860:means of production
2426:Capital & Class
1106:False consciousness
1054:Commodity fetishism
1044:Class consciousness
962:Means of production
792:The Age of Extremes
712:The Long Revolution
647:What Is to Be Done?
607:The German Ideology
521:monetary expression
358:Capital & Class
343:Crisis and Critique
303:Hans-Georg Backhaus
283:Claus Peter Ortlieb
203:Manuscripts of 1844
85:Means of production
33:Marxian critique of
4590:The Accursed Share
4260:Social imperialism
4084:Social imperialism
3956:Worker cooperative
3896:Production for use
3886:Mode of production
3737:Revolutionary wave
3702:Petite bourgeoisie
3612:Barracks communism
3557:. CRC Press, 1999.
3521:. pp. 274â301
3421:Capital: Volume II
3309:2021-02-13 at the
3032:Pseudo-commodities
2763:division of labour
2640:Worker cooperative
2618:Left-wing populism
2544:Left-wing politics
2481:Socialist Register
2471:Rethinking Marxism
1264:Literary criticism
967:Mode of production
827:Capitalist Realism
687:The Black Jacobins
519:Price is then the
353:Socialist register
90:Mode of production
4672:Marxian economics
4659:
4658:
4408:Neue Marx-LektĂŒre
4371:20thâ21st-century
4330:18thâ19th-century
4289:
4288:
4190:Capitalist roader
4142:Social revolution
3984:Central Committee
3891:Productive forces
3856:Dominant ideology
3752:Super-imperialism
3687:Lumpenproletariat
3498:Costas Lapavitsas
3434:Capital: Volume I
3404:Capital: Volume I
3387:Capital: Volume I
3370:Capital: Volume I
3353:Capital: Volume I
3323:Capital: Volume I
3274:Capital: Volume I
3206:Capital: Volume I
3189:Capital: Volume I
3173:Capital: Volume I
3143:Capital: Volume I
3126:Capital: Volume I
2969:used up per unit.
2730:
2729:
2571:Political ecology
2549:Marxian economics
1488:Council communism
1456:
1455:
1383:Neue Marx-LektĂŒre
1345:Regulation school
1234:Cultural analysis
1126:Lumpenproletariat
1069:Cultural hegemony
1059:Communist society
1049:Classless society
984:Productive forces
717:Guerrilla Warfare
590:Theoretical works
526:According to the
442:political economy
438:
437:
388:Marxist sociology
313:Hans-JĂŒrgen Krahl
95:Productive forces
35:political economy
4694:
4631:Critique of work
4448:Georges Bataille
4428:Michael Heinrich
4378:Jean Baudrillard
4337:Friedrich Engels
4316:
4309:
4302:
4293:
4292:
4265:Struggle session
4185:Anti-revisionism
4162:World revolution
4089:Soviet democracy
3974:Anti-revisionism
3966:MarxistâLeninist
3936:Subject of labor
3866:Free association
3809:
3792:World revolution
3782:Workers' control
3777:Workers' council
3762:Two-stage theory
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2960:Variable capital
2906:market behaviour
2891:social relations
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2761:However, as the
2745:Frederick Engels
2722:
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2645:Workers' council
2466:Race & Class
1373:Frankfurt School
1340:Neo-Gramscianism
1313:MarxismâLeninism
1295:
1294:
1239:Cultural Studies
1196:World revolution
1141:Private property
682:Prison Notebooks
582:
559:
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506:social use value
430:
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402:Socialism portal
253:Friedrich Engels
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4677:Commodification
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4413:Helmut Reichelt
4403:Ătienne Balibar
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3787:World communism
3657:Commodification
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3553:Jack P. Manno,
3550:
3548:Further reading
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3311:Wayback Machine
3292:, published at
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994:Surplus product
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727:Reading Capital
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4079:Social fascism
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3722:Pure communism
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3697:Metabolic rift
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3692:Means of labor
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3682:Liquidationism
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609:
604:
599:
593:
588:
587:
584:
583:
575:
574:
568:
567:
556:
553:
544:
517:
516:
513:exchange value
509:
502:
499:exchange value
482:
479:
436:
435:
433:
432:
425:
418:
410:
407:
406:
405:
404:
396:
395:
391:
390:
385:
380:
374:
373:
371:Related topics
370:
369:
366:
365:
361:
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
335:
333:Monthly Review
329:
328:
325:
324:
321:
320:
316:
315:
310:
305:
296:
295:
293:Moishe Postone
290:
285:
280:
275:
270:
265:
260:
255:
250:
244:
243:
240:
239:
236:
235:
231:
230:
225:
220:
213:
211:
206:
199:
197:
191:
190:
187:
186:
183:
182:
178:
177:
172:
167:
162:
157:
151:
150:
147:
146:
143:
142:
138:
137:
132:
127:
122:
117:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
56:
55:
52:
51:
48:
47:
39:
38:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4699:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4669:
4667:
4652:
4651:Occam's razor
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4621:Chrematistics
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4608:
4606:
4602:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4527:
4525:
4523:Written works
4521:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4484:Chrematistics
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4466:
4464:
4460:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4375:
4373:
4369:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4357:Paul Lafargue
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4334:
4332:
4328:
4324:
4317:
4312:
4310:
4305:
4303:
4298:
4297:
4294:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4276:
4272:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4220:New Democracy
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4177:
4175:
4173:
4169:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4119:
4117:
4115:
4111:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4039:Popular front
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3971:
3969:
3967:
3963:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3941:Surplus value
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3931:Social murder
3929:
3927:
3926:Socialization
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3813:
3811:
3807:
3799:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3609:
3607:
3603:
3595:
3586:
3581:
3579:
3574:
3572:
3567:
3566:
3563:
3556:
3552:
3551:
3545:
3542:
3536:
3520:
3516:
3510:
3505:
3503:
3499:
3492:
3491:
3486:
3484:
3482:
3478:
3476:
3475:
3471:
3470:
3469:
3456:
3452:
3446:
3439:
3435:
3429:
3422:
3416:
3409:
3405:
3399:
3392:
3388:
3382:
3375:
3371:
3365:
3358:
3354:
3348:
3341:
3335:
3328:
3324:
3318:
3312:
3308:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3296:
3291:
3285:
3279:
3275:
3269:
3262:
3256:
3249:
3243:
3237:
3231:
3224:
3218:
3211:
3207:
3201:
3194:
3190:
3184:
3178:
3174:
3168:
3161:
3155:
3148:
3144:
3138:
3131:
3127:
3121:
3114:
3108:
3104:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3038:
3029:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3014:
3012:
3011:value product
3006:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2987:
2981:
2980:Surplus value
2978:
2975:
2971:
2968:
2964:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2936:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2917:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2903:
2898:
2896:
2895:supply chains
2892:
2889:", mean that
2888:
2884:
2879:
2877:
2873:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2849:
2841:
2838:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2828:
2827:
2819:
2815:
2808:
2805:
2802:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2790:
2787:
2784:
2781:
2780:
2779:
2775:
2773:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2757:
2752:
2750:
2746:
2741:
2739:
2735:
2723:
2718:
2716:
2711:
2709:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2683:
2673:
2671:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2654:
2653:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2634:
2631:
2630:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2601:Revolutionary
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2581:Authoritarian
2579:
2578:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2551:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2490:
2489:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2418:
2412:
2411:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2383:Moufawad-Paul
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1550:
1547:
1542:
1541:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1493:Eurocommunism
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1478:Austromarxism
1476:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1467:
1462:
1461:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1424:Communization
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1404:
1399:
1398:Praxis School
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1364:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1296:
1288:
1287:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1210:
1209:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1170:
1165:
1164:
1157:
1156:Working class
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1018:
1017:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
978:
975:
973:
970:
969:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
937:Crisis theory
935:
932:
928:
925:
924:
921:
916:
915:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
874:
871:
866:
865:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
594:
591:
586:
585:
581:
577:
576:
573:
570:
569:
565:
561:
560:
549:
543:
539:
537:
533:
529:
524:
522:
514:
510:
507:
503:
500:
496:
492:
488:
487:
486:
478:
476:
472:
468:
467:David Ricardo
464:
460:
455:
451:
447:
443:
440:In classical
431:
426:
424:
419:
417:
412:
411:
409:
408:
403:
400:
399:
398:
397:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
375:
368:
367:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
330:
323:
322:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
300:
299:
294:
291:
289:
288:Geoff Pilling
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
269:
266:
264:
261:
259:
258:Paul Lafargue
256:
254:
251:
249:
246:
245:
238:
237:
229:
226:
224:
221:
218:
212:
210:
207:
204:
198:
196:
193:
192:
185:
184:
176:
173:
171:
168:
166:
163:
161:
158:
156:
155:Crisis theory
153:
152:
145:
144:
136:
133:
131:
128:
126:
123:
121:
118:
116:
113:
111:
110:Socialization
108:
106:
103:
101:
98:
96:
93:
91:
88:
86:
83:
81:
78:
76:
73:
71:
68:
66:
63:
61:
58:
57:
50:
49:
45:
41:
40:
37:
30:
29:
25:
21:
20:
4509:Valorisation
4499:Law of value
4478:
4235:People's war
4157:United front
4099:United front
3906:Ruling class
3871:Law of value
3845:
3767:Wage slavery
3757:Theoretician
3554:
3523:. Retrieved
3518:
3506:
3501:
3495:
3489:
3480:
3473:
3467:
3457:, pp. 81â82.
3454:
3450:
3445:
3440:, pp. 81â94.
3437:
3433:
3428:
3420:
3415:
3407:
3403:
3398:
3390:
3386:
3381:
3373:
3369:
3364:
3356:
3352:
3347:
3339:
3334:
3326:
3322:
3317:
3299:
3293:
3284:
3277:
3273:
3268:
3260:
3255:
3247:
3242:
3235:
3230:
3222:
3217:
3209:
3205:
3200:
3192:
3188:
3183:
3176:
3172:
3167:
3159:
3154:
3146:
3142:
3137:
3129:
3125:
3120:
3112:
3107:
3078:Law of value
3035:
3015:
3007:
3003:valorisation
2994:
2988:
2985:
2952:
2944:
2942:
2918:
2905:
2902:law of value
2899:
2880:
2875:
2871:
2869:
2864:labour power
2825:
2816:
2812:
2776:
2771:
2760:
2753:
2742:
2733:
2731:
2566:Municipalism
2378:Bhattacharya
1523:Situationist
1498:Instrumental
1151:State theory
1116:Immiseration
1111:Human nature
1101:Exploitation
941:
931:accumulation
541:
536:law of value
525:
520:
518:
512:
505:
484:
453:
439:
297:
120:Wage slavery
69:
4545:Das Kapital
4433:Mark Fisher
4423:Robert Kurz
4352:John Ruskin
4245:Revisionism
4132:French Turn
4104:Vanguardism
4059:Secretariat
4049:Revisionism
3876:Materialism
3727:Revisionism
3677:Imperialism
3622:Bourgeoisie
3490:Das Capital
3481:Das Kapital
3449:Karl Marx,
3432:Karl Marx,
3419:Karl Marx,
3402:Karl Marx,
3385:Karl Marx,
3368:Karl Marx,
3351:Karl Marx,
3321:Karl Marx,
3272:Karl Marx,
3204:Karl Marx,
3187:Karl Marx,
3171:Karl Marx,
3141:Karl Marx,
3124:Karl Marx,
2529:Communalism
1928:Wallerstein
1518:Revisionist
1249:Film theory
1229:Criminology
1224:Archaeology
1136:Proletariat
1121:Imperialism
1034:Bourgeoisie
1009:Wage labour
902:Reification
692:On Practice
548:Che Guevara
459:labor-power
278:Mark Fisher
273:Robert Kurz
209:Das Kapital
160:Imperialism
115:Wage labour
4666:Categories
4550:Grundrisse
4514:Value-form
4393:André Gorz
4383:Guy Debord
4114:Trotskyist
3994:Dual power
3662:Dialectics
3464:References
3026:work ethic
3018:reproduces
2910:use-values
2876:production
2872:in between
2586:Democratic
2451:Mediations
2063:Przeworski
2003:Poulantzas
1853:Sivanandan
1808:Bettelheim
1708:Horkheimer
1703:MariĂĄtegui
1678:Pashukanis
1603:Liebknecht
1533:Wertkritik
1473:Analytical
1333:Trotskyism
1308:Autonomist
1299:Structural
1279:Philosophy
1219:Aesthetics
1004:Value-form
972:Capitalist
877:Alienation
870:Philosophy
622:Grundrisse
511:It has an
463:Adam Smith
195:Grundrisse
135:Value-form
125:Wertkritik
4641:Economics
4535:Sarvodaya
4479:Commodity
4342:Karl Marx
4215:Mass line
4205:Four Olds
4029:Politburo
4019:New class
3946:Use value
3846:Commodity
3410:, p. 161.
3393:, p. 166.
3376:. p. 159.
3359:, p. 159.
3342:, p. 102.
3263:, p. 148.
3088:Use value
3053:Commodity
2982:per unit.
2945:unit cost
2738:surpluses
2633:Economism
2596:Reformist
2576:Socialism
2524:Communism
2504:Anarchism
2358:Coulthard
2283:McDonnell
2243:Screpanti
2153:Rowbotham
2018:Harnecker
1828:Althusser
1768:Deutscher
1608:Kollontai
1598:Luxemburg
1578:Plekhanov
1508:Nkrumaism
1419:Classical
1393:Political
1318:Guevarism
1274:Sociology
1254:Geography
1074:Democracy
1022:Sociology
977:Socialist
942:Commodity
495:use value
454:commodity
446:Karl Marx
383:Economics
248:Karl Marx
70:Commodity
4462:Concepts
3535:cite web
3525:30 March
3511:, e.g.:
3329:, p. 98.
3307:Archived
3212:, p. 46.
3149:, p. 46.
3132:, p. 48.
3041:See also
2883:reifying
2559:Old Left
2554:New Left
2421:Antipode
2415:Journals
2318:Heinrich
2293:Roediger
2288:Douzinas
2278:Hennessy
2233:Holloway
2148:Hartsock
2138:Eagleton
2123:Federici
2098:Bannerji
2073:Therborn
2053:RanciĂšre
2048:Easthope
2028:Anderson
2023:Altvater
1923:O'Connor
1918:MĂ©szĂĄros
1913:Guattari
1868:Thompson
1858:Miliband
1838:Williams
1823:Hobsbawm
1798:Emmanuel
1778:Beauvoir
1743:Lefebvre
1688:Benjamin
1653:Bukharin
1633:Zinoviev
1628:Grossman
1613:Bogdanov
1588:Connolly
1568:Lafargue
1513:Orthodox
1483:Centrist
1434:Leninism
1429:Feminist
1378:Humanist
1359:Hegelian
887:Ideology
564:a series
562:Part of
545:â
326:Journals
53:Concepts
24:a series
22:Part of
4604:Related
3826:Capital
3806:Marxian
3602:Marxist
3451:Capital
2925:capital
2747:calls "
2658:Outline
2611:Utopian
2388:Srnicek
2373:Toscano
2368:Seymour
2323:Prashad
2273:Sankara
2268:Berardi
2253:Hampton
2228:Burawoy
2198:Panitch
2193:Haraway
2183:Cleaver
2168:Brenner
2133:Balibar
2088:Postone
2078:Losurdo
2008:Vattimo
1978:Gonzalo
1973:Jameson
1963:Parenti
1903:Liebman
1898:Guevara
1788:Nkrumah
1783:Sombart
1758:Padmore
1728:Kalecki
1723:Marcuse
1683:Bordiga
1668:Gramsci
1623:Trotsky
1583:Du Bois
1573:Kautsky
1449:Western
1328:Titoism
1213:Aspects
1169:History
1089:Radical
927:Capital
627:Capital
572:Marxism
497:and an
489:It has
65:Capital
4172:Maoist
3300:Marcha
3295:Marcha
3195:p. 45.
2929:profit
2852:M-C-M'
2844:C-M-C'
2772:income
2606:Social
2591:Market
2393:Horvat
2348:Fisher
2343:Linera
2338:Lordon
2328:Kelley
2313:Marcos
2308:Ghandy
2298:Foster
2223:Fraser
2218:Wright
2208:Jessop
2203:Clarke
2188:Bishop
2178:Massey
2158:Mouffe
2108:Newton
2103:Spivak
2093:Rodney
2058:Berman
2013:Badiou
1993:Laclau
1988:Harvey
1983:Dussel
1943:Debord
1938:Tronti
1908:Heller
1893:Castro
1888:Berger
1873:Bauman
1863:Cabral
1848:Mandel
1843:Freire
1833:Hinton
1813:Draper
1793:Sweezy
1763:Sartre
1753:Adorno
1718:Brecht
1673:Galiev
1648:Korsch
1643:LukĂĄcs
1618:Stalin
1563:Morris
1558:Engels
1546:People
1323:Maoism
1244:Ethics
1084:Soviet
802:Empire
469:, and
241:People
148:Topics
26:on the
4494:Illth
4274:Other
3979:Cadre
3951:Value
3100:Notes
2953:value
2768:money
2403:Saito
2398:Hamza
2263:ĆœiĆŸek
2248:TamĂĄs
2213:Davis
2173:Davis
2163:Geras
2128:Wolff
2113:Sakai
2068:Cohen
2043:Sison
2038:Vogel
1998:Bahro
1968:Negri
1958:Nairn
1883:Kosik
1878:Fanon
1818:Jones
1773:Hoxha
1748:James
1733:Fromm
1663:Serge
1638:Bloch
1593:Lenin
1414:Black
1039:Class
491:value
475:price
298:NML:
188:Works
4004:Foco
3541:link
3527:2013
2881:The
2862:and
2363:Malm
2333:Dean
2303:West
2258:Cano
2238:Rose
2143:Kurz
2118:Wood
2083:Ture
2033:Löwy
1953:Hall
1948:Amin
1933:Mies
1803:Hill
1713:Dutt
1698:Basu
1553:Marx
1444:Post
1406:Both
1388:Open
452:, a
2995:and
2935:).
1738:Cox
1693:Mao
1439:Neo
448:'s
4668::
3537:}}
3533:{{
3517:.
2976:).
2353:Li
1658:Ho
566:on
538:.
465:,
4315:e
4308:t
4301:v
3808:)
3804:(
3604:)
3600:(
3584:e
3577:t
3570:v
3543:)
3529:.
2721:e
2714:t
2707:v
933:)
929:(
501:.
429:e
422:t
415:v
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