27:
Poor children do worse in school than their well-off peers. They are more likely to experience learning disabilities and developmental delays. Poor children score between 6 and 13 points lower on various standardized tests of IQ, verbal ability, and achievement. Poverty also has a negative impact on
406:
Campbell, Frances A., Elizabeth
Pungello, Shari Miller-Johnson, Margaret Burchinal, and Craig T. Ramey. “The Development of Cognitive and Academic Abilities: Growth Curves From an Early Childhood Educational Experiment,” Developmental Psychology, 2001, vol. 37, no. 2, pp.
64:. In Germany and Great Britain Early Excellence Centres are widely discussed programs of compensatory education. Not all of that programs have been proven to be effective. However scientists were able to identify social programmes that work. Among these are the
480:
Baker, Scott, Russell
Gersten and Thomas Keating. When less may be more: A 2-year longitudinal evaluation of a volunteer tutoring program requiring minimal training. Reading Research Quarterly, Volume 35, Number 4; Oct-Dec.
343:
Campbell, Frances A., Craig T. Ramey, Elizabeth
Pungello, Joseph Sparling, and Shari Miller-Johnson. “Early Childhood Education: Young Adult Outcomes From the Abecedarian Project,”
225:
Duncan, G.J., Yeung, W., Brooks-Gunn, J., and Smith, J.R. How much does childhood poverty affect the life chances of children? American
Sociological Review, in press.
307:
Lawrence J. Schweinhart, Helen V. Barnes, and David P. Weikart. Significant
Benefits: The High/Scope Perry Preschool Study Through Age 27 (High/Scope Press, 1993)
316:
Lawrence J. Schweinhart, PhD. The High/Scope Perry
Preschool Study Through Age 40: Summary, Conclusions, and Frequently Asked Questions (High/Scope Press 2004)
538:
360:, A Benefit-Cost Analysis of the Abecedarian Early Childhood Intervention, New Brunswick, N.J.: National Institute for Early Education Research, 2002
40:
Numerous programs have been created in order to help children at risk reach their full potential. Among the
American programs of compensary education are
19:
offers supplementary programs or services designed to help children at risk of cognitive impairment and low educational achievement succeed.
492:"Social programs that work: SMART - Start Making a Reader Today (Volunteer tutoring program for at-risk readers in early elementary school)"
28:
high-school graduation and college attendance. Children raised by a single parent, children who have more than two siblings, children by
419:
328:
467:
393:
267:
212:
166:
362:
181:
491:
61:
49:
109:
523:
436:
236:
135:
528:
285:
344:
82:
77:
280:
Hans Weiß: Frühförderung mit
Kindern und Familien in Armutslagen. MĂĽnchen/Basel: Ernst Reinhardt Verlag.
53:
553:
32:
and children raised in poverty-stricken neighbourhoods are also at risk of low academic achievement.
417:
Abecedarian
Project (High-quality child care/preschool for children from disadvantaged backgrounds)
124:
Garber, Howard L. (1988): Milwaukee
Project: Preventing Mental Retardation in Children at Risk
534:
Helping Young Urban Parents Educate Themselves and Their Children. ERIC/CUE Digest, Number 85
416:
325:
326:
Perry Preschool Project (High-quality preschool for children from disadvantaged backgrounds)
369:
188:
8:
495:
87:
41:
461:
387:
357:
281:
261:
206:
160:
57:
29:
106:
423:
332:
113:
443:
243:
142:
179:
The Future of Children, Children and Poverty Vol. 7, No. 2 – Summer/Fall 1997
547:
434:
FPG Snapshot; No. 42, April 2007 - Poverty and Early Childhood Intervention.
234:
FPG Snapshot; No. 42, April 2007 - Poverty and Early Childhood Intervention.
133:
FPG Snapshot; No. 42, April 2007 - Poverty and Early Childhood Intervention.
533:
518:
296:
65:
45:
529:
New Head Start Studies Raise Question on Help: Should Fewer Get More?
68:
Perry Preschool Project, the Abecedarian Project, and SMART.
22:
545:
35:
44:, the Chicago Child-Parent Center Program,
524:Poverty and Early childhood Intervention
546:
466:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
392:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
266:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
211:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
165:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
62:21st Century Community Learning Center
50:Abecedarian Early Intervention Project
54:SMART (Start Making a Reader Today)
13:
105:Katy Independent School district:
14:
565:
512:
23:Children at risk of disadvantages
347:, 2002, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 42-57
484:
474:
428:
410:
400:
350:
337:
319:
310:
301:
290:
274:
228:
219:
173:
127:
118:
99:
1:
345:Applied Developmental Science
93:
83:Poverty in the United Kingdom
78:Poverty in the United States
7:
71:
10:
570:
36:How to help these children
519:Social Programs that Work
297:Social Programs that work
539:Early excellence centres
422:March 12, 2005, at the
107:Compensatory Education
17:Compensatory education
356:Leonard N. Masse and
331:2008-06-17 at the
112:2008-05-17 at the
88:Remedial education
358:W. Steven Barnett
58:Milwaukee Project
561:
554:Education issues
507:
506:
504:
503:
494:. Archived from
488:
482:
478:
472:
471:
465:
457:
455:
454:
448:
442:. Archived from
441:
432:
426:
414:
408:
404:
398:
397:
391:
383:
381:
380:
374:
368:. Archived from
367:
354:
348:
341:
335:
323:
317:
314:
308:
305:
299:
294:
288:
278:
272:
271:
265:
257:
255:
254:
248:
242:. Archived from
241:
232:
226:
223:
217:
216:
210:
202:
200:
199:
193:
187:. Archived from
186:
177:
171:
170:
164:
156:
154:
153:
147:
141:. Archived from
140:
131:
125:
122:
116:
103:
30:teenaged parents
569:
568:
564:
563:
562:
560:
559:
558:
544:
543:
515:
510:
501:
499:
490:
489:
485:
479:
475:
459:
458:
452:
450:
446:
439:
437:"Archived copy"
435:
433:
429:
424:Wayback Machine
415:
411:
405:
401:
385:
384:
378:
376:
372:
365:
363:"Archived copy"
361:
355:
351:
342:
338:
333:Wayback Machine
324:
320:
315:
311:
306:
302:
295:
291:
279:
275:
259:
258:
252:
250:
246:
239:
237:"Archived copy"
235:
233:
229:
224:
220:
204:
203:
197:
195:
191:
184:
182:"Archived copy"
180:
178:
174:
158:
157:
151:
149:
145:
138:
136:"Archived copy"
134:
132:
128:
123:
119:
114:Wayback Machine
104:
100:
96:
74:
38:
25:
12:
11:
5:
567:
557:
556:
542:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
514:
513:External links
511:
509:
508:
483:
473:
427:
409:
399:
349:
336:
318:
309:
300:
289:
273:
227:
218:
172:
126:
117:
97:
95:
92:
91:
90:
85:
80:
73:
70:
37:
34:
24:
21:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
566:
555:
552:
551:
549:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
516:
498:on 2010-11-29
497:
493:
487:
477:
469:
463:
449:on 2008-05-28
445:
438:
431:
425:
421:
418:
413:
403:
395:
389:
375:on 2003-03-15
371:
364:
359:
353:
346:
340:
334:
330:
327:
322:
313:
304:
298:
293:
287:
286:3-497-01539-3
283:
277:
269:
263:
249:on 2008-05-28
245:
238:
231:
222:
214:
208:
194:on 2008-05-28
190:
183:
176:
168:
162:
148:on 2008-05-28
144:
137:
130:
121:
115:
111:
108:
102:
98:
89:
86:
84:
81:
79:
76:
75:
69:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
33:
31:
20:
18:
500:. Retrieved
496:the original
486:
476:
451:. Retrieved
444:the original
430:
412:
402:
377:. Retrieved
370:the original
352:
339:
321:
312:
303:
292:
276:
251:. Retrieved
244:the original
230:
221:
196:. Retrieved
189:the original
175:
150:. Retrieved
143:the original
129:
120:
101:
39:
26:
16:
15:
502:2010-09-25
453:2008-05-25
379:2010-06-06
253:2008-05-25
198:2008-05-25
152:2008-05-25
94:References
66:High/Scope
46:High/Scope
42:Head Start
548:Category
462:cite web
420:Archived
388:cite web
329:Archived
262:cite web
207:cite web
161:cite web
110:Archived
72:See also
60:and the
407:231-242
284:
56:, the
481:2000.
447:(PDF)
440:(PDF)
373:(PDF)
366:(PDF)
247:(PDF)
240:(PDF)
192:(PDF)
185:(PDF)
146:(PDF)
139:(PDF)
468:link
394:link
282:ISBN
268:link
213:link
167:link
550::
464:}}
460:{{
390:}}
386:{{
264:}}
260:{{
209:}}
205:{{
163:}}
159:{{
52:,
48:,
505:.
470:)
456:.
396:)
382:.
270:)
256:.
215:)
201:.
169:)
155:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.