Pedestrian crossing

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repeating at once per second, to allow people who are blind to find the device. If APS units are installed in more than one crossing direction (e.g. if there are APS units at a curb for both the north–south and west–east crossing directions), different sounds or speech messages may be used for each direction. Under the MUTCD guideline, the walk indication may be a speech message if two or more units on the same curb are separated by less than 10 feet (3.0 m). These speech messages usually follow the pattern ". Walk sign is on to cross ." Otherwise, the walk indication may be a "percussive tone", which usually consists of repeated, rapid sounds that can be clearly heard from the opposite curb and can oscillate between high and low volumes. In both cases, when the "don't walk" indication is flashing, the device will beep at every second until the "don't walk" indication becomes steady and the pedestrian countdown indication reaches "0", at which point the device will beep intermittently at lower volume. When activated, the APS units are mandated to be accompanied by a vibrating arrow on the APS during the walk signal.

1451:, showing how many seconds are remaining for the clearing phase. In the United States, San Francisco was the first major city to install countdown signals to replace older pedestrian modules, doing so on a trial basis starting in March 2001. The United States MUTCD added a countdown signal as an optional feature to its 2003 edition; if included, the countdown digits would be Portland Orange, the same color as the "Upraised Hand" indication. The MUTCD's 2009 edition changed countdown timers to a mandatory feature on pedestrian signals at all signalized intersections with pedestrian clearance intervals ("flashing upraised hand" phases) longer than seven seconds. With the MUTCD guideline allotting at least one second to cross 3 feet (0.91 m), this indicates that countdown timers are supposed to be installed on roads wider than 21 feet (6.4 m). The countdown is not supposed to be displayed during the pedestrian "walk" interval ("steady walking person" phase). 2051:, an extended phase system called "Keywalk" was developed by the Main Roads Department of Western Australia in response to concerns from disability advocates about the widening of the Albany Highway in that city in the mid-1990s. The department felt that extending the walk phase permanently on cross streets would cause too much disruption to traffic flow on the highway and so the Keywalk system was developed to allow for those who needed an extended green light phase to cross the road safely. A small electronic key adjusted the green/walk and flashing red/complete crossing phases to allow more time for the key holder to complete the crossing of the highway safely. The system was first installed at the junction of Albany Highway and Cecil Avenue. It is unclear what became of this system. 361: 2144: 271:, in December 1868. It was the idea of John Peake Knight, a railway engineer, who thought that it would provide a means to safely allow pedestrians to cross this busy thoroughfare. The signal consisted of a semaphore arm (manufactured by Saxby and Farmer, who were railway signaling makers), which was raised and lowered manually by a police constable who would rotate a handle on the side of the pole. The semaphore arms were augmented by gas illuminated lights at the top (green and red) to increase visibility of the signal at night. However, in January 1869, the gas used to illuminate the lights at the top leaked and caused an explosion, injuring the police operator. No further work was done on signalled pedestrian crossings until fifty years later. 1133: 445: 423: 65: 284:"Could you do something to help the pedestrian to recover the old margin of safety on our common streets and roads? It is heartrending to read of the fearful deaths taking place. If a pedestrian now has even one hesitation or failure the chance of escape from a dreadful death is now much less than when all vehicles were much slower. There is, too, in the motor traffic an evident desire not to slow down before the last moment. It is surely a scandal that on the common ways there should be undue apprehension in the minds of the weakest users of them. While the streets and roads are for all, of necessity the pedestrians, and the feeblest of these, should receive the supreme consideration." 1121: 45: 1830: 1884: 383: 1848: 1902: 74: 1866: 2005: 54: 1951: 1049: 1987: 513: 343: 1969: 964: 1919: 1293: 2203:

vehicles per day, a marked crosswalk is likely to have worse safety performance than an otherwise similar unmarked location, unless safety features such as raised median refuges or pedestrian beacons are also installed. On multilane roads carrying over 15,000 vehicles per day, a marked crosswalk is likely to have worse safety performance than an unmarked location, even if raised median refuges are provided. The marking pattern had no significant effect on safety. This study only included locations where vehicle traffic was not controlled by a signal or stop sign.

1388: 1041: 956: 2060: 1569: 142:, but may also be at other points on busy roads that would otherwise be too unsafe to cross without assistance due to vehicle numbers, speed or road widths. They are also commonly installed where large numbers of pedestrians are attempting to cross (such as in shopping areas) or where vulnerable road users (such as school children) regularly cross. Rules govern usage of the pedestrian crossings to ensure safety; for example, in some areas, the pedestrian must be more than halfway across the crosswalk before the driver proceeds, and in other areas, 948: 666: 469: 737: 832: 500:, protected by kerbs. The island allows pedestrians to cross the road one direction of traffic at a time, which can be quicker and safer (they decrease pedestrian accidents by around 40%) than a lack of crossing. Additionally, they can narrow the road, slowing down vehicles and preventing them from overtaking. However, they may not afford pedestrians priority, meaning pedestrians may have a longer wait than a controlled crossing. They can also create pinch points, which can be dangerous for cyclists. 190: 1713: 627: 1814: 1437: 1935: 2023: 1334: 481: 1086:

standing or parking of vehicles around pedestrian crossings. It also specifies signs and markings: the "pedestrian crossing sign" is on a blue or black ground, with a white or yellow triangle where the symbol is displayed in black or dark blue, and that the minimum width recommended for pedestrian crossings is 2.5 m (or 8-foot) on roads on which the speed limit is lower than 60 km/h (or 37 mph), and 4 m (or 13-foot) on roads with a higher or no speed limit.

1768: 1498: 405: 1601: 1196: 1665: 583: 1696: 203: 531:, referring to the alternate white and black stripes painted on the road surface. If the pedestrian has priority over vehicular traffic when using the crossing, then they have an incentive to use the crossing instead of crossing the road at other places. In some countries, pedestrians may not have priority, but may be committing an offence if they cross the road elsewhere, or " 313:(MUTCD) advises that crosswalk markings should 'not be used indiscriminately' and encourages engineering studies at sites away from signalized intersections and STOP or Yield signs. Its guidance is against installing crossing markings (without extra engineering interventions) on high-traffic routes if the speed limit exceeds 40 miles per hour (64 km/h). 1462:" signals. New York City started studying the pedestrian timers in an inconclusive 2006 study but only started rolling out pedestrian timers on a large scale in 2011 after the conclusion of a second study, which found that pedestrian countdown timers were ineffective at shorter crosswalks. Additionally, a 2000 study of pedestrian countdown timers in 1729:

intrusive to neighboring properties. Among American cities, San Francisco has one of the greatest numbers of APS-equipped intersections in the United States, with APS installed at 202 intersections as of October 2016. New York City has APS at 131 intersections as of November 2015, with 75 more intersections to be equipped every year after that.

1428:, a button press is always required if a button is available, though the city prefers to build signals where no button is present and the pedestrian cycle always happens between short car cycles. In both cases the light will not turn immediately, but will wait until the next available pedestrian slot in a pre-determined rotation. 1078:, which says of pedestrian crossings: 'to mark pedestrian crossings, relatively broad stripes, parallel to the axis of the carriageway, should preferably be used'. This means that pedestrian crossing styles are quite uniform across the Continent. However, while the stripes are normally white, in Switzerland they are yellow. 546:

made to change direction. There are differences between the engineering regulations in different countries. The marking shoe of a pedestrian cross striping machine, which determines marking lines' width, is much wider than on other marking machines. A smaller marking shoe with wheels may be used to perform the

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When a footpath crosses a railway in the United Kingdom, there will most often be gates or stiles protecting the crossing from wildlife and livestock. In situations where there is little visibility along the railway, or the footpath is especially busy, there will also be a small set of lights with an

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Tactile cones near or under the control button may rotate or shake when the pedestrian signal is in the pedestrian "walk" phase. This is for pedestrians with visual impairments. A vibrating button is used in Australia, Germany, some parts of the United States, Greece, Ireland, and Hong Kong to assist

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researcher notes of call buttons in the US, "Most buttons don't provide any feedback to the pedestrian that the traffic signal has received the input. It may appear at many locations that nothing happens." However, there are some locations where call buttons do provide confirmation feedback. At such

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PV warrants have been used in the UK, among other countries such as India, since they were developed in 1987. This warrant uses a calculation of peak pedestrian volume and peak vehicular volume to determine which type of crossing, if any, should be installed. For example, if 500 pedestrians cross the

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Modules for traffic lanes consist of a dash in the middle and a symbol for the kind of lane right or left of the dash, depending on the direction from which the traffic crosses the crossing. If a crossing is possible from both directions, a symbol is located on both sides. If the pedestrian crossing

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In the United States, the standards in the 2009 MUTCD require APS units to have a pushbutton locator tone, audible and vibrotactile walk indications, a tactile arrow aligned with the direction of travel on the crosswalk, and to respond to ambient sound. The pushbutton locator tone is a beep or tick,

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Crosswalks have adaptations, mainly for people with visual impairments, through the addition of accessible pedestrian signals (APS) that may include speakers at the pushbutton, or under the signal display, for each crossing location. These types of signals have been shown to reduce conflicts between

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are special equipment professionally used to paint zebra lines on the intersections or other busy road sections. Because of the characteristics of zebra crossings, parallel stripes that are wide but not long, the striping machine is often a small hand-guided road marking machine, which can easily be

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Pedestrian crossing warrants are guidelines for the appropriate pedestrian crossing type for a site's traffic conditions. There are several guidelines in use across the world, and guidance and practice differ between jurisdictions. An over-emphasis by traffic engineers on vehicular movement in these

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and stating that "a crosswalk at an intersection is defined as the extension of the sidewalk or the shoulder across the intersection, regardless of whether it is marked or not."); see also California Vehicle Code section 275(a) ("'Crosswalk' is . . . hat portion of a roadway included within the of

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A five-year U.S. study of 1,000 marked crosswalks and 1,000 unmarked comparison sites found that on most roads, the difference in safety performance of marked and unmarked crossings is not statistically significant, unless additional safety features are used. On multilane roads carrying over 12,000

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while the crossing signal continues its operation as programmed. However, in instances of the latter case, such as New York City's, the buttons were simply deactivated when traffic signals were updated to automatically include pedestrian phases as part of every signal cycle. In such instances these

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Pedestrian call buttons (also known as pedestrian push buttons or pedestrian beg buttons) are installed at traffic lights with a dedicated pedestrian signal, and are used to bring up the pedestrian "walk" indication in locations where they function correctly. In the majority of locations where call

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Marked crosswalks are usually placed at traffic intersections or crossroads, but are occasionally used at mid-block locations, which may include additional regulatory signage such as "PED XING" (for "pedestrian crossing"), flashing yellow beacons (also known as rectangular rapid-flashing beacons or

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The Illuminating Engineering Society of North America currently provides engineering design standards for highway lighting. In the US, in conventional intersections, area lighting is typically provided by pole-mounted luminaires. These systems illuminate the crosswalk as well as surrounding areas,

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Crossing laws vary between different states and provinces and sometimes at the local level. All U.S. states require vehicles to yield to a pedestrian who has entered a marked crosswalk, and in most states crosswalks exist at all intersections meeting at approximately right angles, whether they are

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The temporary pedestrian crossings can be integrated into portable traffic signals that may be used during the roadworks, or it can be stand-alone just to stop vehicles to allow pedestrians to safely cross the road without directing vehicle movements. When using the temporary pedestrian crossings

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However, pedestrian bridges are ineffective in most locations; due to their expense, they are typically spaced far apart. Additionally, ramps, stairs, or elevators present additional obstacles, and pedestrians tend to use an at-grade pedestrian crossing instead. A variation on the bridge concept,

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pedestrians can locate the control box and cone device and know when they have reached the other side. In Britain, different colours of tactile paving indicate different types of crossings; yellow (referred to as buff coloured) is used at non-controlled (no signals) crossings, and red is used at

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states that pedestrians should use pedestrian crossings when one is nearby (§6.c) and prohibits the overtaking of other vehicles approaching crossings, unless the driver would be able to stop for a pedestrian. The 1971 European supplement to that Convention re-iterates the former and outlaws the

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posts containing linear light sources inside. These posts have been shown to sufficiently illuminate the pedestrian but not the background, consequently increasing contrast and improving pedestrian visibility and detection. Although this method shows promise in being incorporated into crosswalk

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The relief is read from the bottom up. It consists of different modules, which are put together according to the crosswalk. Each pedestrian crossing begins with the start symbol, consisting of an arrow and a broad line representing the curb. Subsequently, different modules for traffic lanes and

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Pictograms are standard on all traffic light controlled crossings. Like some other countries, a flashing red sequence is used prior to steady red to clear pedestrians. Moments after, in some instances, a flashing yellow sequence (for motorists) can begin indicating that the vehicles may proceed

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The devices have been in existence since the mid-20th century, but were not popular until the 2000s because of concerns over noise. As of the 2009 MUTCD, APS are supposed to be set to be heard only 6 to 12 feet from the device to be easy to detect from a close distance but not so loud as to be

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Courtesy crossings are uncontrolled crossings with coloured surfacing or some other non-formal suggestion that pedestrians may cross. They aim to encourage concentrated pedestrian crossings and to encourage drivers to let pedestrians cross the roads out of courtesy, rather than obligation. The

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Islands are represented as a rectangle, which has semicircles on the right and left side. If there is a pushbutton for pedestrians on the island, there is a dot in the middle of the rectangle. If the pedestrian walkway divides on an island, the rectangle may be open on the right or left side.

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Some crossing include a tactile map of the crossing geometry. For example, this crossing from Oslo shows (starting at the bottom) that the crossing consists of a curb, a bicycle lane, two lanes of traffic, a pedestrian island, two tram tracks, another island, then three more traffic lanes.

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In some areas, the signal timing technique of a Leading Pedestrian Interval (LPI) allows pedestrians exclusive access to a crosswalk, typically 3–7 seconds, before vehicular traffic is permitted. Depending on intersection volume and safety history, a normal right-turn-on-red (RTOR) might be

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spanning the crossing. The crossings are demarcated with paint and/or have special paving materials. These crossings allow the pedestrian to cross at grade with the sidewalk and has been shown to reduce pedestrian crashes by 45% due to reduction of vehicular speeds and the prominence of the

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Depending on the duration and the nature of the temporary signals, the equipment can be installed in different way. One way is to use the permanent traffic signals mounted temporary poles such as poles in concrete-filled barrels. Another way is to use portable pedestrian crossing signals.

774:, several artists were commissioned to create an artwork as part of its "Creative Crossings" competition. Artist Marlee Bedford painted the first set of four crosswalks as part of the 2015 competition, and Linda Powers painted two more crosswalks in 2016 following that year's competition. 1677:, touch-sensitive buttons require no force to activate. To confirm that a request has been registered, the buttons usually emit a chirp or other sound. They also offer anti-vandalism benefits due to not including moving parts which are sometimes jammed on traditional push-button units. 1178:– which have crossing sensors and low-level pedestrian signals – and pedex crossings, which features pedestrian countdown timers, however in Ireland only pelican crossings are installed. Puffin crossings are rare. Cyclists are sometimes permitted to use pedestrian crossings, such as 1417:

buttons may be removed during future updates to the pedestrian signals. In the United Kingdom, pressing a button at a standalone pedestrian crossing that is unconnected to a junction will turn a traffic light red immediately, but this is not necessarily the case at a junction.

985:, and often vary even between a city and its county (or local equivalents). Most frequently, they are marked with two parallel white lines running from one side of the road to the other, with the width of the lines being typically 12 to 24 inches (300 to 610 mm) wide. 535:". Special markings are often made on the road surface, both to direct pedestrians and to prevent motorists from stopping vehicles in the way of foot traffic. There are many varieties of signal and marking layouts around the world and even within single countries. In the 4775: 260:. Blocks raised on the road allowed pedestrians to cross the street without having to step onto the road itself which doubled up as Pompeii's drainage and sewage disposal system. The spaces between the blocks allowed horse-drawn carts to pass along the road. 688:

must be crossed. They can also be beneficial in locations where the sidewalk or pedestrian path naturally ascends or descends to a different level than the intersection itself, and the natural "desire line" leads to a footbridge or tunnel, respectively.

1424:, Massachusetts. In Boston, some busy intersections are programmed to give a pedestrian cycle during certain times of day (so pushing the button is not necessary) but at off-peak times a button push is required to get a pedestrian cycle. In neighboring 149:

Pedestrian crossings using signals clearly separate when each type of traffic (pedestrians or road vehicles) can use the crossing. Crossings without signals generally assist pedestrians, and usually prioritise pedestrians, depending on the locality.

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Hasson, P., P. Lutkevich, B. Ananthanarayanan, P. Watson, and R. Knoblauch. Field Test for Lighting to Improve Safety at Pedestrian Crosswalks. Presented at the 16th Biennial Transportation Research Board Visibility Symposium, Iowa City, Ia.,

1470:, found that pedestrians were more likely to cross the street during the pedestrian clearance interval (flashing upraised hand) if there is a timer present, compared to at intersections where there was no timer present. A study in 1031:

In Spain, the United Kingdom, Germany and other European countries, 90% of pedestrian fatalities occur outside of pedestrian crossings. The highest rate is in the UK, which has fewer crossings than neighbouring European countries.

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Colourful crossings have been criticised for creating accessibility issues. For blind and visually impaired pedestrians, consistency in design is important to ensure a safe crossing. Visually impaired people with limited sight and

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through the crossing if safe to do so; this is fairly uncommon however. In districts with heavier traffic warranting the use of a traffic light such as inner city areas, the equivalent of the US 'standard' configuration is used.

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in powder form is then melted into a molten liquid state for painting. Finally, the painter pulls or pushes the striping machine with the guide rod along the guiding line. As an alternative to thermoplastics, household paint or

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Some crosswalks, known as colourful crossings, include unique designs, many of which take the form of artwork. These works of art may serve many different purposes, such as attracting tourism or catching drivers' attention.

1733: 728:(also known as a bulb-out), which narrows the width of the street and is used in combination with crosswalk markings. They can also be used to slow down cars, potentially creating a safer crossing for pedestrians. 712:

or small islands in the middle of a street may be added when a street is very wide, as these crossings can be too long for some individuals to cross in one cycle. These pedestrian refuges may consist of building

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explicitly prohibited during the LPI phase. LPI benefits include increased visibility and greater likelihood of vehicles yielding. LPI is among the tools being considered in the fatality-elimination toolkit of

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signals for roadworks, there should be consideration on signal cycle time. The pedestrian crossing cycles may add longer delay to the traffics which may require additional planning on road work traffic flows.

1547:, were created to encourage pedestrians to wait for the "walk" indicator, with the result that 81% more pedestrians stopped and waited for the "walk" light compared to at crosswalks with conventional signals. 2067:

There are two types of crosswalk lights: those that illuminate the whole crosswalk area, and warning lights. Both these lighting systems encourage oncoming traffic to yield for pedestrians only if necessary.

762:, Chile, a 2013 work by Canadian artist Roadsworth features yellow-and-blue fish overlaid on the existing crosswalk. Other crossings worldwide also feature some of Roadsworth's work, including a crosswalk in 492:

In some countries, including the US, "unmarked crosswalks" are presumed to occur at intersections even if a crossing is not marked, except at locations where pedestrian crossing is expressly prohibited.

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Illuminating Engineering Society of North America. American National Standard Practice for Roadway Lighting. Publication IESNA-RP-8-00. Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, New York, 2000.

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Reflector signposting is used at crossings in school zones; however, given that most school crossings in the country are staffed with a crossing guard, these signs only serve as a warning to motorists.

1152:'s pedestrian crossings are quite distinct from the rest of Europe use animal names to distinguish different types of crossing. These conventions have been adapted in some ex-Empire countries, such as 917:

may experience pain or confusion in interpreting colourful crossings or distress from visual noise. These crossings may therefore discriminate against marginalised groups in accessing public spaces.

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Bullough, J.D., X. Zhang, N.P. Skinner, and M.S. Rea. Design and Evaluation of Effective Crosswalk Lighting. Publication FHWA-NJ-2009-03. New Jersey Department of Transportation, Trenton, NJ, 2009.

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RRFBs), stop or yield signs, or by actuated or automatic signals. Some more innovative crossing treatments include in-pavement flashers, yellow flashing warning lights installed in the roadway, or

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In Finland, fences in the footpath approaching the crossing force pedestrians and bicycles to slow down to navigate a zigzag path, which also tends to force that user to look out for the train.

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Pedestrian sound signal in Sweden. During the first 9 seconds, the slow don't walk signal is heard. Then the button is pressed, sounding a beep. Soon after this, the faster walk signal is heard.

785:. A message on the white bars of the crosswalk reads, "for your safety." 3D crosswalk designs have also been installed in China, with a "floating zebra crossing" implemented in a village in 1775:

On some pushbutton especially in Austria and Germany there is a symbolic relief showing the crossing situation for the visually impaired, so they can get an overview of the crossing.

3514:. United Nations Treaty Series (in English, French, Chinese, Russian, and Spanish). Vol. 1091. Vienna. 8 November 1968. p. 27 – via United Nations Treaty Collection. 1057: 2914: 3644:. Great Britain. Department for Transport, Northern Ireland. Department for Infrastructure, Scotland. Scottish Government, Wales. Welsh Government (2003 ed.). London. 2019. 292:"Pedestrians have a right to cross roads safely and, therefore, planners and engineers have a professional responsibility to plan, design, and install safe crossing facilities." 1509:

In some countries, instead of "don't walk", a depiction of a red man or hand indicating when not to cross, the drawing of the person crossing appears with an "X" drawn over it.

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the boundary lines of sidewalks at intersections where the intersecting roadways meet at approximately right angles, except the of such lines from an alley across a street")

2888: 4177: 1759:". In Croatia, Denmark and Sweden, beeps (or clicks) with long intervals in-between signifying "don't walk" mode and beeps with very short intervals signifying "walk" mode. 4704: 1474:

found similar results to the Florida study, determining that countdown timers may actually cause more crashes than standard hand/man signals. However, other cities such as

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Keywalk for the disabled is an Australian first (March 1995). Western Roads: official journal of Main Roads, Western Australia, 18(4), p.10. Perth: Main Roads Department.

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Van Houten, Ron; Louis Malenfant, J.; Van Houten, Joy; Retting, Richard (1 January 1997). "Using Auditory Pedestrian Signals To Reduce Pedestrian and Vehicle Conflicts".

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The simplest marked crossings may just consist of some markings on the road surface. In the US these are known as "marked crosswalks". In the UK these are often called

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should be swept clean and kept dry. The painter first pulls a guiding line straight and fix the two ends on the ground. Then they spray or brush a primer layer on the

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Biswas, Sabyasachi; Ghosh, Indrajit; Chandra, Satish (1 April 2017). "Effect of Traffic Signal Countdown Timers on Pedestrian Crossings at Signalized Intersection".

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pedestrians and vehicles. However, without other indications such as tactile pavings or cones, these APS units may be hard for visually impaired people to locate.

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Convention on Road Signs and Signals of 1968; European Agreement Supplementing the Convention; and Protocol on Road Markings, Additional to the European Agreement

2836: 2504: 1847: 1865: 1829: 539:, there are many inconsistencies, although the variations are usually minor. There are several distinct types in the United Kingdom, each with their own name. 3370: 2429: 3879: 1512:

Some countries around the Baltic Sea in Scandinavia duplicate the red light. Instead of one red light, there are two which both illuminate at the same time.

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Some crossings have pedestrian traffic signals that allow pedestrians and road traffic to use the crossing alternately. On some traffic signals, pressing a

4920: 4828: 1747:, Singapore and some parts of Canada (moderate to large urban centres). In Japan, various electronic melodies are played, often of traditional melancholic 1580:, closing of the permanent crossing signals due to repairs or upgrades, and establishing new pedestrian crossings for the duration of large public events. 5082: 4992: 4284:

Long, Kejun; Han, Lee D.; Yang, Qiang (1 October 2011). "Effects of countdown timers on driver behavior after the yellow onset at Chinese intersections".

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Pedestrian countdown signals are also used elsewhere around the world, such as in Buenos Aires, India, Mexico, Taiwan, and the United Arab Emirates. In

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In France, it is not mandatory that crosswalks exist. However, if there is one less than 50 meters (55 yards) away, pedestrians are obliged to use it.

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There have been many efforts to create lighting scenarios that offer better nighttime illumination in crosswalks. Some innovative concepts include:

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Van Houten, Ron; Ellis, Ralph; Sanda, Jose; Kim, Jin-Lee (2006). "Pedestrian Push-Button Confirmation Increases Call Button Usage and Compliance".

3701:. Department for Transport, Northern Ireland. Department for Infrastructure, Scotland. Scottish Government, Wales. Welsh Government. London. 2019. 1786:

A cycle path is represented by two points next to each other, a vehicle lane by a rectangle and tram rails by two lines lying one above the other.

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explanatory sign. When a train approaches, the signal light will change to red and an alarm will sound until the train has cleared the crossing.

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Sometimes, call buttons work only at some intersections, at certain times of day, or certain periods of the year, such as in New York City or in

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to give notice to both drivers and pedestrians the time remaining on the crossing signal. In places where there is very high pedestrian traffic,

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In areas with heavy snowfall, using in-pavement lighting can be problematic, since snow can obscure the lights, and snowplows can damage them.

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In certain circumstances, there are needs to install temporary pedestrian crossing signals. The reasons may include redirecting traffic due to

1344: 4829:"Crosswalk Demonstration Project: Design and Evaluation of Effective Crosswalk Illumination | University Transportation Research Center" 4335: 1102:

design for pedestrian lights are widely used. These signals originated in the former East Germany and have become an icon of the city and of

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Some municipalities have found that there are instances where pedestrian countdown signals may be less effective than standard hand/man or "

781:, Georgia, some Tbilisi Academy of Arts students and government officials jointly created a crossing that is designed to look like it is in 721:

to the crosswalk to provide a refuge; or simply cutting through the existing island or median strip where the median is already continuous.

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are uncontrolled and more appropriate for lower flow numbers. What appears to be just pedestrian crossings can also be created largely as a

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Zebra crossings are similar to their Continental counterparts, with white stripe markings, they must have orange flashing globes, called '

4067:"The impact of pedestrian countdown signals on pedestrian-motor vehicle collisions: a reanalysis of data from a quasi-experimental study" 4008: 2285: 1502: 1075: 128: 3112: 2412: 1160:. 'Look right' and 'look left' markings are sometimes found in tourist areas, to remind pedestrians of the driving direction in the UK. 5159: 4753: 2100:

To warn the oncoming traffic, these warning lights usually only rapidly flash when a pedestrian presses a button to use the crosswalk.

1115: 1489:("little green man"), who will walk faster immediately before the traffic signal will change. There is also always a countdown timer. 4362: 1527:

in western Germany and the Netherlands. Other countries also use unusual "walk" and "don't walk" pedestrian indicators. In southwest

310: 3774: 2862: 5365: 5048: 4185: 4065:

Richmond, Sarah A; Willan, Andrew R; Rothman, Linda; Camden, Andi; Buliung, Ron; Macarthur, Colin; Howard, Andrew (9 March 2017).

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or nonworking call buttons that used to function correctly. In the former case, these buttons are designed to give pedestrians an

1260: 7011: 5227: 4715: 3968: 2562: 2286:"Making Roads Safe for Pedestrians or Keeping them Out of the Way? - An Historical Perspective on Pedestrian Policies in Britain" 2105: 611: 3506: 1918: 1232: 804:, China had a red-and-white zebra crossing with hearts painted on it, reflecting its location near a junction of two rivers. In 5473: 5418: 1478:

found that countdown timers were effective, and New York City found that countdown signals worked mainly at longer crosswalks.

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prohibits crosswalk art due to concerns about safety and visibility, but U.S. cities have chosen to install their own designs.

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inclusion of stripes (e.g. in paving), the presence of narrowing and visual narrowings of the road positively affect courtesy.

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A refuge is sometimes installed so that a pedestrian can cross in two stages; called 'unmarked crosswalk' in North America.

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A pedestrian pathway in a tunnel under a road, providing a crossing without interrupting pedestrian or vehicular traffic.

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road per hour and 600 vehicles per hour use that road section, PV dictates that a pelican crossing should be installed.

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Safety Effects of Marked vs. Unmarked Crosswalks at Uncontrolled Locations:Executive Summary and Recommended Guidelines

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pedestrian crashes by 28% compared to a location without crossings. However, if combined with (placed on top of) a

1132: 4031: 6925: 5813: 5778: 5164: 3585: 1485:, the walking man moves his feet during the countdown. In Taiwan, all the crossings feature animated men called 1228: 422: 7087: 6688: 5803: 5788: 5403: 4740: 4471: 4444: 3909: 3420: 1621: 1217: 890: 2188:

The safety of unsignalled pedestrian or zebra crossings is somewhat contested in traffic engineering circles.

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In France, when a train is approaching, a red man is shown with the word STOP flashing in red (R25 signal).

1813: 618:(also known as Barnes Dances) may be used, which stop vehicular traffic in all directions at the same time. 450:

Footbridge over a pedestrian pathway, allowing pedestrians to cross without interrupting vehicular traffic.

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Safety and Guidelines for Marked and Unmarked Pedestrian Crosswalks at Unsignalized Intersections in Nevada

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Research undertaken in New Zealand showed that a zebra crossing without other safety features on average

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Impacts of LED Brightness, Flash Pattern, and Location for Illuminated Pedestrian Traffic Control Device

4440:"Proven Safety Countermeasures - Leading Pedestrian Intervals - Safety | Federal Highway Administration" 758:

Cities and towns worldwide have held competitions to paint crosswalks, usually as a form of artwork. In

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buttons are installed, pushing the button does not light up the pedestrian walk sign immediately. One

1106:– nostalgia for East German life. A study has shown they are more effective than Western-style icons. 382: 7031: 6670: 6489: 5345: 2973: 1463: 1397: 1136:

Traditional 'farside' signals are frequently replaced with 'nearside' signal boxes, like this one in

1004:

at both ends of the crosswalk also have the pedestrian signal heads. For many years these bore white

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Zebra crossings are common in low traffic areas and their approaches may be marked by zigzag lines.

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is a zebra crossing, the middle line is dashed. A traffic light secured crossing has a solid line.

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National Association of City Transportation Officials; Global Designing Cities Initiative (2016).

1543:, some signals have a "don't walk" indicator that dances; these "dancing man" signals, created by 7041: 7021: 6823: 2292: 1610: 1253: 1206: 846:

Sometimes, different cities around the world may have similar art concepts for their crosswalks.

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laws are in place which restrict pedestrians from crossing away from marked crossing facilities.

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Crosswalk with overhead lighting, and internally illuminated overhead crosswalk signs in Germany

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Pedestrian warning signs enhanced with LED lights either within the sign face or underneath it.

875: 256:

Pedestrian crossings already existed more than 2,000 years ago, as can be seen in the ruins of

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and do not always provide enough contrast between the pedestrian and his or her background.

1167:'. They also normally have zig-zag markings to prevent overtaking and stopping of vehicles. 963: 7092: 6588: 6286: 6009: 5907: 5793: 5393: 5144: 4178:"Patente de Invención, Semáforo vehicular-peatonal con aviso de cambio en unidad de tiempo" 4129: 3398: 2217: 2111:

In-pavement, flashing warning lights oriented upwards (especially visible to children, the

836: 680:

may be used in lieu of crosswalks at very busy intersections as well as at locations where

542: 512: 193:

Police notice explaining the operation of the first pedestrian crossing signal, London 1868

73: 2531:"Guide for Maintaining Pedestrian Facilities for Enhanced Safety Research Report - Safety" 1292: 8: 6540: 6133: 6089: 5977: 5829: 5768: 5524: 5509: 5504: 5398: 5332: 5289: 5154: 5011: 1532: 1413: 1387: 1040: 955: 821: 813: 766:

where the zebra stripes are shaped like bullets, as well as "conveyor belt" crosswalk in

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Pedestrian controlled crossings are sometimes provided with enhanced features to assist

44: 6884: 6444: 6258: 6243: 6054: 5989: 5912: 5897: 5842: 5746: 5680: 5670: 5641: 5578: 5448: 5413: 5184: 4648: 4623: 4604: 4317: 4232: 4099: 4066: 3904: 3748: 3724: 3667: 3519: 3443: 3341: 3222: 2638: 2386: 2158:

Pedestrian crossings across railways may be arranged differently elsewhere, such as in

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served as an advertisement for a nearby shopping center, but was later painted over. A

771: 432: 124: 3861: 2333: 977:

In the United States, crosswalks are sometimes marked with white stripes, though many

6777: 6504: 6307: 6238: 6188: 5927: 5808: 5646: 5618: 5603: 5588: 5458: 5453: 5443: 5088: 5015: 4653: 4635: 4608: 4596: 4309: 4301: 4236: 4224: 4123:"Pedestrian Countdown at Traffic Signals - An overview of London's successful trials" 4104: 4086: 3940: 3712: 3702: 3655: 3645: 3250: 2789: 2755: 2264: 2059: 2048: 1688: 1467: 1174:

is no longer permitted in the UK, because it has been replaced with more intelligent

1170:

There are a number of different types of signal-controlled crossing. The traditional

709: 603: 132: 4321: 800:

Colored crosswalks might have themes that reflect the immediate area. For instance,

53: 6863: 6707: 6361: 6336: 6123: 6039: 6034: 5949: 5752: 5707: 5549: 5355: 5350: 5174: 5169: 4643: 4588: 4293: 4216: 4094: 4082: 4078: 3808: 2365: 2227: 1171: 902: 871: 749: 558: 496:

Pedestrian refuges are uncontrolled crossings with two dropped kerbs and a central

410:

Crossings allowed to be used by non-pedestrians, such as cyclists or horse riders.

151: 5216: 1520: 1098: 850:-colored crosswalks, which are usually painted to show support for the locality's 177:

technique, especially when combined with other features like pedestrian priority,

6889: 6813: 6598: 6558: 6469: 6459: 6429: 6419: 6404: 6366: 6322: 6148: 6138: 6069: 5685: 5388: 5237: 5194: 5179: 4297: 2159: 1505:

sign indicating to motorists that they must give priority to pedestrians using it

1179: 1175: 1009: 926: 665: 517: 468: 174: 139: 4898: 3542:

International cooperation to improve the safety of European pedestrian crossings

3394: 2479: 2370: 2353: 1743:

APS in other countries may consist of a short recorded message, as in Scotland,

736: 6937: 6757: 6568: 6530: 6499: 6479: 6464: 6276: 6158: 5700: 5628: 5499: 5494: 5433: 5423: 5315: 5270: 5222: 5199: 5149: 3880:"Pedestrian Countdown Signals: Experience with an Extensive Pilot Installation" 2148: 2138: 1680: 1409: 1164: 1145: 1048: 786: 725: 714: 528: 497: 485: 170: 4220: 3716: 3659: 2484:

In: The 17th Annual Transport Practitioners' Meeting. PTRC: Oxford, UK. (2019)

2454:"Pedestrian Refuge Island | Traffic Choices - aiding traffic scheme decisions" 189: 7061: 7046: 6988: 6978: 6947: 6787: 6578: 6535: 6484: 6424: 6389: 6356: 6223: 6173: 6163: 6064: 5994: 5984: 5877: 5847: 5736: 5695: 5613: 5489: 5323: 5265: 4639: 4600: 4305: 4228: 4090: 3944: 3060:

Bechtel, Allyson K.; MacLeod, Kara E.; Ragland, David R. (17 December 2003).

2597: 2354:"Re-Examination of PV 2 Criteria for Developing Pedestrian Crossing Warrants" 2232: 2112: 1756: 1712: 1674: 1405: 947: 855: 825: 642: 547: 536: 178: 91: 3801:

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board

2122:

Pole-mounted, flashing warning lights (mounted similar to a traffic signal).

7026: 6957: 6932: 6808: 6603: 6593: 6494: 6449: 6409: 6399: 6394: 6351: 6233: 6228: 6153: 6079: 6049: 5941: 5922: 5852: 5690: 5598: 5340: 4955: 4657: 4622:

Barlow, Janet M.; Scott, Alan C.; Bentzen, Billie Louise (1 January 2009).

4313: 4108: 3857: 3696: 3639: 3061: 1401:

locations, pedestrians are more likely to wait for the "walk" indications.

1001: 982: 978: 863: 718: 657:

allows pedestrians to cross safely in any direction, including diagonally.

654: 274:

In the early 20th century, car traffic increased dramatically. A reader of

6899: 5243: 4578: 3218:"The Government Says Rainbow Crosswalks Could Be Unsafe. Are They Really?" 2720: 959:

A crosswalk at a signalized intersection, showing the 'parallel line'-type

793:, China to catch drivers' attention; and another multicolored crossing in 697:

or skywalk, is sometimes implemented in regions that experience inclement

7016: 6983: 6942: 6828: 6782: 6762: 6752: 6573: 6218: 6208: 6183: 6108: 6019: 5972: 5967: 5917: 5722: 5654: 5623: 5232: 4389:"Waiting for 'Don't Walk' Signs Is More Fun When the Stick Figure Dances" 3492:"Public Affairs : AA pedestrian crossings survey in Europe - the AA" 2196: 1683:(or tactile pavings) may be laid flush within the adjacent footways (US: 1557: 1482: 990: 930: 797:

Province that serves the same purpose as the colored Changsha crosswalk.

626: 521: 473: 389: 264: 2785:

Handbook of Driving Simulation for Engineering, Medicine, and Psychology

2782:

Fisher, Donald L.; Rizzo, Matthew; Caird, Jeffrey; Lee, John D. (2011).

1752: 480: 6818: 6803: 6563: 6439: 6312: 6248: 6213: 6193: 6074: 6044: 6014: 5954: 5902: 5554: 5099: 1653: 1624: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1544: 1220: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 673: 532: 454: 143: 112: 6915: 1767: 1296:

Crossing lamp/s used at a signalised intersection in Sydney, Australia

392:, or Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons (RRFB) for vehicular traffic. 7036: 6952: 6868: 6772: 6767: 6434: 6281: 6168: 6128: 6118: 6113: 6004: 5872: 5867: 5717: 5636: 5593: 5544: 5534: 5529: 5519: 4980: 4520:"Signal-Controlled Pedestrian Facilities at Portable Traffic Signals" 3088:"San Francisco's Castro District to get gay pride rainbow crosswalks" 1748: 1744: 1577: 1497: 1486: 1445: 1153: 1137: 1125: 981:

have slightly different styles. The designs used vary widely between

897:

had 40 crosswalks with unique designs, including the rainbow flag in

883: 824:, is painted with red-and-yellow colors to signify the colors of the 404: 348:

Crossings giving equal priority to pedestrian and vehicular traffic.

276: 4592: 3812: 2598:"Does pressing the pedestrian crossing button actually do anything?" 2480:"Analysing pedestrian and vehicle interaction at courtesy crossings" 1600: 1195: 388:

Crossing with call buttons, pedestrian signals, and traffic lights,

6874: 6747: 6627: 6622: 6454: 6203: 6198: 6059: 6024: 5962: 5608: 5583: 5408: 5260: 3614:"Go ahead: Bring back East Germany's little traffic light man, say" 2212: 1684: 1664: 1528: 1182:(so named because TWO user types CAN cross) and sparrow crossings. 1103: 867: 805: 790: 763: 759: 562: 263:

The first pedestrian crossing signal was erected in Bridge Street,

155: 154:

use signals to keep pedestrians together where they can be seen by

135:

Conventions, both of which pertain to road signs and road traffic.

95: 6699: 3559: 2743: 2741: 2199:, zebra crossings were found to reduce pedestrian crashes by 80%. 1716:

An accessible pedestrian signal which is used in the US and Canada

1056: 831: 27:

Place designated for pedestrians to cross a road, street or avenue

6730: 6525: 6509: 6178: 6029: 5539: 5514: 5351:

Dual carriageway / Divided highway / Expressway

5281: 3996:"The Effects of Pedestrian Countdown Signals in Lake Buena Vista" 2116: 2084: 1471: 1149: 894: 840: 809: 801: 794: 778: 741: 698: 302:

criteria is criticised for neglecting the safety of pedestrians.

257: 166: 163: 582: 6920: 6856: 6632: 6302: 5712: 5675: 3191:"Long Beach Tunes Up Road Safety With Painted Piano Crosswalks" 3166:"Tel Aviv's rainbow crosswalk draws cheers, then jeers, online" 2738: 1695: 1540: 1475: 1421: 1093: 879: 808:, Brazil, a crosswalk with its bars irregularly painted like a 694: 677: 268: 159: 120: 87: 83: 1404:

Reports suggest that many walk buttons in some areas, such as

370:). Pedestrians normally have priority over vehicular traffic. 6894: 6851: 2915:"Second set of Lompoc crosswalks undergoes artistic makeover" 2222: 2044: 1448: 1157: 635: 631: 571: 566: 367: 4336:"Abu Dhabi installs countdown signal system for pedestrians" 602:

signals may also be included to assist people who have poor

111:

in American and Canadian English) is a place designated for

5312: 4064: 3933:"Too Slow in the Crosswalk? Automatic Timers Will Tell You" 1779:

islands follow. The relief is completed with a broad line.

1771:

Relief symbol on a pushbutton of a traffic light in Germany

1015:

legends, but pictograms of an "upraised hand" (symbolizing

851: 789:

to boost tourism; a multicolored 3-D crossing installed in

717:

in the middle of the road; extending an existing island or

554: 116: 4994:

Sécurisation des traversées piétonnes des voies de tramway

3862:"Crosswalk Buttons Don't Do Anything! Except When They Do" 2889:"'Creative Crossings' organizers unveil crosswalk artwork" 1515:

In many parts of eastern Germany, particularly the former

1128:, with the traditional – and mandatory – 'belisha' beacons 6143: 4152:"Podrán programar semáforos según el estado del tránsito" 4032:"Paging Inspector Sands: The Costs of Public Information" 3005:"Ten More Creative Crosswalks & Zany Zebra Crossings" 2091:

Festooned strings of light over the top of the crosswalk.

1343:

deal primarily with United States and do not represent a

606:. In many cities, some or most signals are equipped with 2104:

In-pavement lighting oriented to face oncoming traffic (

4705:"Accessible Pedestrian Signals (APS), October 31, 2016" 3798: 1572:

Portable pedestrian crossing signal at a road work site

4969:

Efficacy of Rectangular-shaped Rapid Flash LED Beacons

4776:"Productinformation Signal requesting device (EK 533)" 4624:"Audible Beaconing with Accessible Pedestrian Signals" 4363:"Japan Now Has a Traffic Signal Shaped Like Astro Boy" 3775:"Ask CityLab: Do "WALK" Buttons Actually Do Anything?" 3062:"Oakland Chinatown Pedestrian Scramble: An Evaluation" 1074:

is party to (though has not necessarily ratified) the

614:

are used to signal traffic of pedestrian presence, or

4938: 4741:"Accessible Pedestrian Signals Program Status Report" 4553:

Bentzen, Billie Louise; Tabor, Lee S. (August 1998).

4418:

National Association of City Transportation Officials

3828:"Why the Crosswalk Buttons in Your City May Not Work" 3113:"West Hollywood's rainbow-colored crosswalks to stay" 3059: 2966:"Colorful 3D zebra crossing seen in China's Changsha" 2169:

a "Red Man" light; no light when no train approaching

127:. The term "pedestrian crossing" is also used in the 4184:(in Spanish). INPI. 28 November 2006. Archived from 2837:"Creative crosswalks around the world – in pictures" 2336:(Report). Nevada Department of Transportation. 2012. 1699:

Tactile representation of a street crossing in Oslo.

5089:

Photos of pedestrian signals from various countries

3471:"The Unintentional Racism Found in Traffic Signals" 3246:"Crosswalks marked with colors of Pan-African flag" 3066:

Safe Transportation Research & Education Center

2999: 2997: 2995: 2993: 2991: 2781: 1591: 1535:, there are pedestrian signal lights that resemble 951:

A traditional, now-defunct U.S. "DON'T WALK" signal

82:Pedestrian crossings in (clockwise, from top left) 5094:Investigating Improvements to Pedestrian Crossings 4621: 4206: 1076:Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals (1968) 1000:At crossings controlled by signals, generally the 4967:Van Houten, Ron and & Malenfant, J.E. Louis, 3593:, ECE/TRANS/196, United Nations Publication, 2006 2088:lighting standards, more studies need to be done. 7059: 5047:. Federal Highway Administration. Archived from 4257:"7 Crosswalk Signals You Won't Mind Waiting For" 3994:Huang, Herman; Zegeer, Charles (November 2000). 3698:Traffic signs manual. Chapter 6, Traffic control 2988: 2863:"How to Make Crosswalks Artistically Delightful" 2563:"For Exercise in New York Futility, Push Button" 2497: 1044:The typical Continental pedestrian crossing sign 366:Formed of black and white stripes (resembling a 30:"Crosswalk" redirects here. For other uses, see 3365: 3363: 3139:"Crews Paint Rainbow Crosswalks in Center City" 2714: 2712: 2166:a barrier which closes when a train approaches; 2132: 1408:and the United Kingdom, may actually be either 724:Another relatively widespread variation is the 616:exclusive traffic signal phases for pedestrians 138:Marked pedestrian crossings are often found at 5000: 3852: 3850: 3848: 3641:Traffic signs manual. Chapter 5, Road markings 3273:"Colourful Crossings » Transport for All" 2591: 2589: 2587: 2585: 2583: 2556: 2554: 2552: 2550: 2548: 2477: 1550: 577: 373:Called a 'marked crosswalk' in North America. 6715: 5297: 5115: 4939:"Crosswalk Lights, Pedestrian Crossing Signs" 4921:"German traffic light for smartphone zombies" 4895:"Pedestrian & Bicycle Information Center" 4354: 4182:Instituto Nacional de la Propiedad Industrial 3085: 2830: 2828: 2826: 2824: 2822: 2820: 2818: 2816: 2814: 2812: 2424: 2422: 2394:(2009 ed. – 3rd revision ed.), July 2022 1341:The examples and perspective in this section 1109: 4552: 3969:"Countdown Clocks Coming to City Crosswalks" 3360: 3316:"Part II of II: Best Practices Design Guide" 2940:"Tbilisi opening up for colorful crosswalks" 2709: 2326: 2295:Centre for Transport Studies. Archived from 2263:(2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. 1435: 1061: 934:pedestrian in the driver's field of vision. 224:. There might be a discussion about this on 5085:- Department for Transport (United Kingdom) 4283: 4009:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 3993: 3885:. ITE Journal. January 2006. pp. 43–48 3845: 3578: 3322:. Designing Sidewalks and Trails for Access 2633: 2631: 2629: 2627: 2625: 2623: 2621: 2619: 2580: 2545: 2413:"Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons (RRFB)" 2351: 2260:Cities of Vesuvius: Pompeii and Herculaneum 6722: 6708: 5304: 5290: 5160:Pedestrian crossings in the United Kingdom 5122: 5108: 5033: 5031: 4983:, Federal Highway Administration, May 2015 4958:, Federal highway Administration, May 2009 4754:New York City Department of Transportation 3729:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 3672:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 3524:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 2809: 2419: 1359:, or create a new section, as appropriate. 1323: 1116:Pedestrian crossings in the United Kingdom 660: 443: 421: 403: 381: 341: 4647: 4527:Department for Transport (United Kingdom) 4386: 4098: 4029: 3484: 3436: 2478:Jones, P.; Di Guardo, G. (10 July 2019). 2388:Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices 2369: 2283: 1640:Learn how and when to remove this message 1375:Learn how and when to remove this message 1280:Learn how and when to remove this message 937: 311:Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices 244:Learn how and when to remove this message 5129: 4360: 3905:"FHWA - MUTCD - 2003 Edition Chapter 4E" 3766: 2912: 2886: 2860: 2616: 2595: 2284:Ishaque, Muhammad M.; Noland, Robert B. 2142: 2058: 1766: 1731: 1711: 1694: 1673:hearing-impaired people. Alternatively, 1663: 1567: 1496: 1386: 1291: 1131: 1119: 1083:Vienna Convention on Road Traffic (1968) 1055: 1047: 1039: 962: 954: 946: 830: 735: 664: 625: 612:Embedded pavement flashing-light systems 599: 581: 511: 479: 467: 395:Sometimes known as a 'pelican crossing' 188: 7012:International Federation of Pedestrians 5228:Embedded pavement flashing-light system 5028: 4387:Liszewski, Andrew (16 September 2014). 3856: 3539:Mazzone, Francesco (25 November 2008), 3538: 3468: 3462: 3413:"2000 MUTCD - PART 4 - TRAFFIC SIGNALS" 3086:Branson-Potts, Hailey (14 March 2014). 2718: 2256: 2106:Embedded pavement flashing-light system 967:A ladder-style crosswalk by a STOP sign 704: 14: 7060: 5037: 4671: 4669: 4667: 4209:Transportation in Developing Economies 3691: 3689: 3687: 3310: 3308: 3306: 2078: 1659: 1019:) and a "walking person" (symbolizing 835:Pedestrian crossing sign used in art, 621: 6703: 6400:Median / Central reservation 5285: 5103: 4548: 4546: 4544: 4529:(Traffic Advisory Leaflet). June 2011 4492: 4472:Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) 4445:Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) 4279: 4277: 4250: 4248: 4246: 3963: 3961: 3910:Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) 3424:. December 2000. pp. 4E1 to 4E14 2834: 2692:"A Brief History of the Barnes Dance" 2689: 1124:A zebra crossing on the sea front of 1035: 607: 463: 413:Sometimes known as 'toucan crossing' 5008:Pedestrian planning and design guide 3930: 3508:Convention on Road Signs and Signals 3215: 3163: 2347: 2345: 2343: 1622:adding citations to reliable sources 1595: 1563: 1444:Some pedestrian signals integrate a 1327: 1218:adding citations to reliable sources 1189: 731: 595: 196: 6729: 5079:Federal Highway Administration (US) 4877:"Illuminated Air Crosswalk Concept" 4664: 4361:Metcalfe, John (19 November 2014). 3897: 3825: 3772: 3684: 3405: 3334: 3303: 3243: 2887:Jacobson, Willis (21 August 2015). 2861:Metcalfe, John (25 February 2014). 2560: 2352:Jain, Udit; Rastogi, Rajat (2017). 2038: 1692:controlled (signalised) locations. 1523:) has a hat. There are also female 1431: 920: 594:is required to trigger the signal. 507: 316: 24: 6318:Risk compensation (road transport) 5311: 5083:The Design of Pedestrian Crossings 4541: 4328: 4274: 4254: 4243: 3958: 2913:Jacobson, Willis (22 April 2016). 2596:Castella, Tom (4 September 2013). 2506:Your Guide to Pedestrian Crossings 2446: 1707: 1668:Tactile paving next to a crosswalk 1519:, the design of the crossing man ( 1092:In the east of Germany, including 645:to vehicles in all directions for 543:Pedestrian cross striping machines 25: 7104: 7007:International charter for walking 5077:Bicycle and Pedestrian Statistics 5070: 4560:. Accessible Design for the Blind 3603:Code de la route, article R412-37 3444:"Chapter 4E - MUTCD 2009 Edition" 3342:"Chapter 3B - MUTCD 2009 Edition" 3216:Rueb, Emily S. (7 October 2019). 3037:. 3 February 2009. Archived from 2972:. 29 January 2015. Archived from 2835:Perry, Francesca (14 July 2016). 2719:Wetmore, John (29 October 2012). 2639:"Chapter 4E - MUTCD 2009 Edition" 2561:Luo, Michael (27 February 2004). 2340: 2320:The Times, 14 Feb. 1911, pg. 14: 2147:A railway pedestrian crossing in 2095: 1052:Swiss yellow pedestrian crossings 1023:) have been required since 2009. 854:cultures, have been installed in 740:A rainbow pedestrian crossing in 6684:Glossary of road transport terms 4986: 4974: 4493:Bliss, Laura (26 January 2018). 4467:"Right Turn on Red Restrictions" 4030:Kapoor, Sacha; Magesan, Arvind. 3931:Chan, Sewell (3 November 2006). 3031:"Love zebra crossing in Chengdu" 2690:Jaffe, Eric (18 December 2012). 2533:. Federal Highway Administration 2358:Transportation Research Procedia 2021: 2003: 1985: 1967: 1949: 1933: 1917: 1900: 1882: 1864: 1846: 1828: 1812: 1762: 1599: 1592:Enhancements for disabled people 1466:, at several intersections near 1332: 1194: 942: 591: 574:can be used to mark crosswalks. 516:A woman at a marked crossing in 359: 201: 158:, and where they can cross most 72: 63: 52: 43: 5165:Pedestrian separation structure 5010:. Land Transport New Zealand / 4961: 4949: 4931: 4913: 4887: 4869: 4860: 4847:"Press Releases - LRC Newsroom" 4839: 4821: 4811: 4802: 4793: 4768: 4733: 4697: 4615: 4572: 4555:"Accessible Pedestrian Signals" 4512: 4486: 4459: 4432: 4406: 4380: 4200: 4170: 4144: 4115: 4058: 4023: 3987: 3924: 3872: 3819: 3792: 3773:Gan, Vicky (2 September 2015). 3741: 3632: 3606: 3597: 3532: 3498: 3387: 3371:"Right of Way in the Crosswalk" 3279: 3265: 3237: 3209: 3183: 3157: 3131: 3105: 3079: 3053: 3023: 2958: 2932: 2906: 2880: 2854: 2775: 2683: 2657: 2523: 2471: 2430:"Right of Way in the Crosswalk" 1609:needs additional citations for 1205:needs additional citations for 4677:"APS Technical Specifications" 4581:Transportation Research Record 4158:(in Spanish). 19 November 2010 4083:10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040717 4011:Highway Safety Research Center 3469:Kaufman, David (6 July 2020). 3320:Federal Highway Administration 3244:Lee, Jessica (6 August 2015). 2788:. CRC Press. p. 34–PA10. 2405: 2378: 2314: 2277: 2250: 1300:In Australia, the terminology 891:Federal Highway Administration 13: 1: 6666:Pavement performance modeling 6656:International roughness index 4414:"Leading Pedestrian Interval" 3826:Kim, Susanna (31 July 2014). 2243: 1501:A pedestrian crossing with a 1492: 768:Winston-Salem, North Carolina 669:Pedestrian overhead crosswalk 280:wrote to the editor in 1911: 6661:Present serviceability index 6455:Sidewalk / Pavement 6000:Diamond grinding of pavement 4298:10.1080/15389588.2011.593010 2754:. Island Press. p. 88. 2133:Railway pedestrian crossings 1185: 586:A toucan crossing in England 7: 6974:Pedestrian circumnavigators 6633:Underpass / Tunnel 6628:Overpass / Flyover 6382:High-occupancy vehicle lane 6272:Driving under the influence 5346:Freeway / Motorway 4495:"The Best Cheap Street Fix" 4045:Erasmus School of Economics 2371:10.1016/j.trpro.2017.05.130 2206: 2054: 1551:Leading Pedestrian Interval 1355:, discuss the issue on the 973:Crosswalks in North America 641:Some intersections display 578:Signal-controlled crossings 565:surface. The thermoplastic 378:Signal-controlled crossing 324:Type (incl. various names) 296: 10: 7109: 5560:Highway systems by country 3568:Convention on Road Traffic 3164:Lior, Ilan (16 May 2012). 2751:Global Street Design Guide 2136: 1681:Tactile surfacing patterns 1517:German Democratic Republic 1503:Vienna Convention standard 1318: 1113: 1110:United Kingdom and Ireland 970: 870:. Crosswalks painted like 747: 686:controlled-access highways 184: 32:Crosswalk (disambiguation) 29: 7073:Pedestrian infrastructure 7032:Walk Safely to School Day 6997: 6966: 6908: 6842: 6796: 6738: 6679: 6671:Granular base equivalency 6641: 6612: 6518: 6490:Traffic signal preemption 6335: 6295: 6257: 6099: 6088: 5940: 5898:Right-in/right-out (RIRO) 5827: 5804:Single-point urban (SPUI) 5744: 5735: 5663: 5568: 5482: 5364: 5331: 5322: 5253: 5208: 5137: 4971:, Retrieved 25 March 2011 4286:Traffic Injury Prevention 4221:10.1007/s40890-016-0032-7 2322:The Pedestrian's Chances. 2183: 2162:, where they consist of: 1464:Lake Buena Vista, Florida 1398:Portland State University 1026: 630:A pedestrian scramble in 6834:Walking distance measure 6651:Pavement condition index 6377:High-occupancy toll lane 6372:Contraflow lane reversal 6347:Barrier transfer machine 5038:Zegeer, Charles (2002). 2721:"Perils For Pedestrians" 2458:www.trafficchoices.co.uk 2257:Bradley, Pamela (2013). 2238:Pedestrian crossing flag 1560:planners and advocates. 1440:Count down traffic light 1391:A pedestrian call button 1070:Nearly every country of 7042:Walking Artists Network 7022:National Pedestrian Day 6926:Long-distance footpaths 6824:Preferred walking speed 5505:Express-collector setup 3195:NBC Southern California 2293:Imperial College London 1926:island with pushbutton 1909:island with pushbutton 1324:Pedestrian call buttons 925:Raised crossings are a 661:Footbridges and tunnels 653:, this type of vehicle 484:A courtesy crossing in 472:A pedestrian refuge in 6689:Road types by features 6584:Raised pavement marker 6551:Constant-slope barrier 6475:Traffic directionality 6465:Street running railway 5888:Protected intersection 4956:Embedded LEDs in Signs 2152: 2064: 1772: 1740: 1717: 1700: 1669: 1573: 1506: 1441: 1392: 1297: 1141: 1129: 1067: 1062: 1053: 1045: 968: 960: 952: 938:Distinctions by region 929:measure that contains 843: 745: 670: 638: 587: 524: 489: 477: 294: 286: 194: 181:, or raised surfaces. 7088:Road surface markings 6546:Concrete step barrier 5883:Offset T-intersection 3733:) CS1 maint: others ( 3676:) CS1 maint: others ( 3574:– via unece.org 2385:"Part 3 – Markings", 2146: 2062: 1770: 1738: 1715: 1698: 1667: 1571: 1500: 1439: 1390: 1295: 1229:"Pedestrian crossing" 1135: 1123: 1066:signal, showing green 1059: 1051: 1043: 966: 958: 950: 915:neurodivergent people 874:have been painted in 834: 739: 668: 629: 585: 515: 483: 471: 418:Pedestrian underpass 290: 288:According to Zegeer, 282: 192: 7068:Pedestrian crossings 6589:Road surface marking 6287:Single-vehicle crash 6010:Full depth recycling 5908:Seagull intersection 5145:Guerrilla crosswalks 5131:Pedestrian crossings 4130:Transport for London 3399:Uniform Vehicle Code 3275:. 28 September 2021. 2218:Road surface marking 1618:improve this article 1353:improve this section 1214:improve this article 837:University of Bremen 705:Crosswalk shortening 682:limited-access roads 440:Pedestrian overpass 400:Multi-user crossing 214:confusing or unclear 7078:Road infrastructure 6880:Pedestrian crossing 6415:Pedestrian crossing 5978:Reinforced concrete 5814:Three-level diamond 5525:Two-lane expressway 5510:Farm-to-market road 5155:Pedestrian scramble 5054:on 17 November 2011 5012:NZ Transport Agency 4943:Traffic Safety Corp 4188:on 9 September 2018 3197:. 30 September 2016 2079:Illuminating lights 1794: 1660:Tactile indications 1533:Kanagawa Prefecture 1414:illusion of control 1302:pedestrian crossing 822:Oakland, California 814:pedestrian scramble 726:curb/kerb extension 651:pedestrian scramble 622:Pedestrian scramble 338:Informal crossings 222:clarify the article 162:across the flow of 105:pedestrian crossing 6885:Pedestrian village 6445:Runaway truck ramp 6267:Driver's education 6055:Rubberized asphalt 5990:Crocodile cracking 5913:Split intersection 5681:Hierarchy of roads 5642:Single carriageway 4901:on 2 December 2009 3937:The New York Times 3753:TfGM Active Travel 3287:"Raised Crosswalk" 3223:The New York Times 3041:on 6 February 2009 2976:on 16 October 2015 2725:Pedestrian Bridges 2567:The New York Times 2512:, Trafford Council 2153: 2065: 1793: 1773: 1741: 1718: 1701: 1670: 1574: 1507: 1442: 1393: 1298: 1142: 1130: 1072:Continental Europe 1068: 1054: 1046: 1036:Continental Europe 969: 961: 953: 889:The United States 844: 772:Lompoc, California 746: 710:Pedestrian refuges 671: 639: 588: 525: 490: 478: 464:Unmarked crossings 195: 7083:Pedestrian safety 7055: 7054: 6778:Walker (mobility) 6697: 6696: 6505:Wide outside lane 6331: 6330: 6308:Automotive safety 6189:Road slipperiness 5936: 5935: 5784:Diverging diamond 5731: 5730: 5647:Single-track road 5589:Bicycle boulevard 5279: 5278: 5021:978-0-478-30945-4 4342:. 6 February 2010 4071:Injury Prevention 4040:people.few.eur.nl 3708:978-0-11-553744-8 3651:978-0-11-553208-5 3251:The Seattle Times 3117:Los Angeles Times 3092:Los Angeles Times 2946:. 31 January 2017 2795:978-1-4200-6101-7 2761:978-1-61091-702-5 2602:BBC News Magazine 2049:Western Australia 2036: 2035: 1912:open to the left 1736: 1689:visually impaired 1650: 1649: 1642: 1564:Temporary signals 1468:Walt Disney World 1385: 1384: 1377: 1290: 1289: 1282: 1264: 1081:Furthermore, the 732:Artwork crossings 461: 460: 254: 253: 246: 152:Pelican crossings 16:(Redirected from 7100: 6739:Aids, groups and 6724: 6717: 6710: 6701: 6700: 6541:Cat's eye (road) 6362:Complete streets 6134:Dead Man's Curve 6097: 6096: 6035:Pavement milling 5950:Asphalt concrete 5893:Quadrant roadway 5834: 5756: 5742: 5741: 5708:Street hierarchy 5356:Elevated highway 5329: 5328: 5306: 5299: 5292: 5283: 5282: 5175:Pelican crossing 5170:Pegasus crossing 5124: 5117: 5110: 5101: 5100: 5064: 5063: 5061: 5059: 5053: 5046: 5035: 5026: 5025: 5004: 4998: 4997:, CETE Sud-Ouest 4990: 4984: 4978: 4972: 4965: 4959: 4953: 4947: 4946: 4935: 4929: 4928: 4917: 4911: 4910: 4908: 4906: 4897:. Archived from 4891: 4885: 4884: 4873: 4867: 4864: 4858: 4857: 4855: 4853: 4843: 4837: 4836: 4825: 4819: 4815: 4809: 4806: 4800: 4797: 4791: 4790: 4788: 4786: 4780: 4772: 4766: 4765: 4763: 4761: 4745: 4737: 4731: 4730: 4728: 4726: 4721:on 22 March 2017 4720: 4714:. Archived from 4709: 4701: 4695: 4694: 4692: 4690: 4681: 4673: 4662: 4661: 4651: 4619: 4613: 4612: 4576: 4570: 4569: 4567: 4565: 4559: 4550: 4539: 4538: 4536: 4534: 4524: 4516: 4510: 4509: 4507: 4505: 4490: 4484: 4483: 4481: 4479: 4463: 4457: 4456: 4454: 4452: 4436: 4430: 4429: 4427: 4425: 4420:. 30 August 2013 4410: 4404: 4403: 4401: 4399: 4384: 4378: 4377: 4375: 4373: 4358: 4352: 4351: 4349: 4347: 4332: 4326: 4325: 4281: 4272: 4271: 4269: 4267: 4255:Walker, Alissa. 4252: 4241: 4240: 4204: 4198: 4197: 4195: 4193: 4174: 4168: 4167: 4165: 4163: 4148: 4142: 4141: 4139: 4137: 4132:. September 2011 4127: 4119: 4113: 4112: 4102: 4062: 4056: 4055: 4053: 4051: 4036: 4027: 4021: 4020: 4018: 4016: 4000: 3991: 3985: 3984: 3982: 3980: 3975:. 16 August 2010 3965: 3956: 3955: 3953: 3951: 3928: 3922: 3921: 3919: 3917: 3901: 3895: 3894: 3892: 3890: 3884: 3876: 3870: 3869: 3854: 3843: 3842: 3840: 3838: 3823: 3817: 3816: 3796: 3790: 3789: 3787: 3785: 3770: 3764: 3763: 3761: 3759: 3745: 3739: 3738: 3728: 3720: 3693: 3682: 3681: 3671: 3663: 3636: 3630: 3629: 3627: 3625: 3620:. 20 August 2013 3610: 3604: 3601: 3595: 3594: 3592: 3582: 3576: 3575: 3573: 3563: 3557: 3556: 3555:on 29 March 2018 3554: 3548:, archived from 3547: 3536: 3530: 3529: 3523: 3515: 3513: 3502: 3496: 3495: 3488: 3482: 3481: 3479: 3477: 3466: 3460: 3459: 3457: 3455: 3440: 3434: 3433: 3431: 3429: 3417: 3409: 3403: 3397:(discussing the 3391: 3385: 3384: 3383:on 29 July 2014. 3382: 3376:. Archived from 3375: 3367: 3358: 3357: 3355: 3353: 3338: 3332: 3331: 3329: 3327: 3312: 3301: 3300: 3298: 3296: 3291: 3283: 3277: 3276: 3269: 3263: 3262: 3260: 3258: 3241: 3235: 3234: 3232: 3230: 3213: 3207: 3206: 3204: 3202: 3187: 3181: 3180: 3178: 3176: 3161: 3155: 3154: 3152: 3150: 3135: 3129: 3128: 3126: 3124: 3119:. 27 August 2012 3109: 3103: 3102: 3100: 3098: 3083: 3077: 3076: 3074: 3072: 3057: 3051: 3050: 3048: 3046: 3027: 3021: 3020: 3018: 3016: 3001: 2986: 2985: 2983: 2981: 2962: 2956: 2955: 2953: 2951: 2936: 2930: 2929: 2927: 2925: 2910: 2904: 2903: 2901: 2899: 2884: 2878: 2877: 2875: 2873: 2858: 2852: 2851: 2849: 2847: 2832: 2807: 2806: 2804: 2802: 2779: 2773: 2772: 2770: 2768: 2745: 2736: 2735: 2733: 2731: 2716: 2707: 2706: 2704: 2702: 2687: 2681: 2680: 2678: 2676: 2661: 2655: 2654: 2652: 2650: 2635: 2614: 2613: 2611: 2609: 2593: 2578: 2577: 2575: 2573: 2558: 2543: 2542: 2540: 2538: 2527: 2521: 2520: 2519: 2517: 2511: 2501: 2495: 2494: 2492: 2490: 2475: 2469: 2468: 2466: 2464: 2450: 2444: 2443: 2442:on 29 July 2014. 2441: 2435:. Archived from 2434: 2426: 2417: 2416: 2409: 2403: 2402: 2401: 2399: 2393: 2382: 2376: 2375: 2373: 2349: 2338: 2337: 2330: 2324: 2318: 2312: 2311: 2309: 2307: 2301: 2290: 2281: 2275: 2274: 2254: 2228:The Greenwalking 2039:Key-based system 2025: 2007: 1989: 1971: 1953: 1937: 1921: 1904: 1886: 1868: 1850: 1832: 1816: 1795: 1792: 1737: 1645: 1638: 1634: 1631: 1625: 1603: 1596: 1461: 1457: 1432:Countdown timers 1380: 1373: 1369: 1366: 1360: 1336: 1335: 1328: 1285: 1278: 1274: 1271: 1265: 1263: 1222: 1198: 1190: 1180:toucan crossings 1176:puffin crossings 1172:pelican crossing 1065: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1007: 921:Raised crossings 907:Central District 903:Pan-African flag 750:Rainbow crossing 647:a period of time 608:countdown timers 508:Marked crossings 453:Also known as a 447: 431:Also known as a 425: 407: 385: 363: 345: 321: 320: 317:Types and design 249: 242: 238: 235: 229: 205: 204: 197: 76: 67: 56: 47: 21: 7108: 7107: 7103: 7102: 7101: 7099: 7098: 7097: 7058: 7057: 7056: 7051: 6999: 6993: 6962: 6904: 6890:Pedestrian zone 6844: 6843:Environment and 6838: 6814:Knuckle-walking 6792: 6740: 6734: 6728: 6698: 6693: 6675: 6643: 6637: 6608: 6599:Traffic barrier 6559:F-Shape barrier 6514: 6470:Traffic calming 6430:Reversible lane 6420:Pedestrian zone 6405:Motorcycle lane 6367:Contraflow lane 6339:time allocation 6338: 6327: 6323:Underride guard 6291: 6253: 6139:Expansion joint 6101: 6091: 6084: 6070:Stamped asphalt 5932: 5863:Continuous flow 5836: 5832: 5831: 5823: 5757: 5753:grade-separated 5750: 5749: 5727: 5686:Private highway 5659: 5564: 5478: 5360: 5318: 5310: 5280: 5275: 5249: 5238:Portland Orange 5204: 5195:Toucan crossing 5180:Puffin crossing 5133: 5128: 5073: 5068: 5067: 5057: 5055: 5051: 5044: 5036: 5029: 5022: 5006: 5005: 5001: 4991: 4987: 4979: 4975: 4966: 4962: 4954: 4950: 4937: 4936: 4932: 4927:, 29 April 2016 4919: 4918: 4914: 4904: 4902: 4893: 4892: 4888: 4875: 4874: 4870: 4865: 4861: 4851: 4849: 4845: 4844: 4840: 4827: 4826: 4822: 4816: 4812: 4807: 4803: 4798: 4794: 4784: 4782: 4781:. Langmatz GmbH 4778: 4774: 4773: 4769: 4759: 4757: 4756:. November 2015 4743: 4739: 4738: 4734: 4724: 4722: 4718: 4707: 4703: 4702: 4698: 4688: 4686: 4679: 4675: 4674: 4665: 4620: 4616: 4593:10.3141/1578-03 4577: 4573: 4563: 4561: 4557: 4551: 4542: 4532: 4530: 4522: 4518: 4517: 4513: 4503: 4501: 4491: 4487: 4477: 4475: 4465: 4464: 4460: 4450: 4448: 4438: 4437: 4433: 4423: 4421: 4412: 4411: 4407: 4397: 4395: 4385: 4381: 4371: 4369: 4359: 4355: 4345: 4343: 4334: 4333: 4329: 4282: 4275: 4265: 4263: 4253: 4244: 4205: 4201: 4191: 4189: 4176: 4175: 4171: 4161: 4159: 4150: 4149: 4145: 4135: 4133: 4125: 4121: 4120: 4116: 4063: 4059: 4049: 4047: 4034: 4028: 4024: 4014: 4012: 3998: 3992: 3988: 3978: 3976: 3967: 3966: 3959: 3949: 3947: 3929: 3925: 3915: 3913: 3903: 3902: 3898: 3888: 3886: 3882: 3878: 3877: 3873: 3860:(10 May 2010). 3855: 3846: 3836: 3834: 3824: 3820: 3813:10.3141/1982-14 3797: 3793: 3783: 3781: 3771: 3767: 3757: 3755: 3749:"Jargon buster" 3747: 3746: 3742: 3722: 3721: 3709: 3695: 3694: 3685: 3665: 3664: 3652: 3638: 3637: 3633: 3623: 3621: 3618:The Independent 3612: 3611: 3607: 3602: 3598: 3590: 3584: 3583: 3579: 3571: 3565: 3564: 3560: 3552: 3545: 3537: 3533: 3517: 3516: 3511: 3504: 3503: 3499: 3490: 3489: 3485: 3475: 3473: 3467: 3463: 3453: 3451: 3442: 3441: 3437: 3427: 3425: 3415: 3411: 3410: 3406: 3392: 3388: 3380: 3373: 3369: 3368: 3361: 3351: 3349: 3340: 3339: 3335: 3325: 3323: 3314: 3313: 3304: 3294: 3292: 3289: 3285: 3284: 3280: 3271: 3270: 3266: 3256: 3254: 3242: 3238: 3228: 3226: 3214: 3210: 3200: 3198: 3189: 3188: 3184: 3174: 3172: 3162: 3158: 3148: 3146: 3137: 3136: 3132: 3122: 3120: 3111: 3110: 3106: 3096: 3094: 3084: 3080: 3070: 3068: 3058: 3054: 3044: 3042: 3029: 3028: 3024: 3014: 3012: 3003: 3002: 2989: 2979: 2977: 2964: 2963: 2959: 2949: 2947: 2944:GeorgianJournal 2938: 2937: 2933: 2923: 2921: 2911: 2907: 2897: 2895: 2885: 2881: 2871: 2869: 2859: 2855: 2845: 2843: 2833: 2810: 2800: 2798: 2796: 2780: 2776: 2766: 2764: 2762: 2746: 2739: 2729: 2727: 2717: 2710: 2700: 2698: 2688: 2684: 2674: 2672: 2671:. December 2012 2663: 2662: 2658: 2648: 2646: 2637: 2636: 2617: 2607: 2605: 2594: 2581: 2571: 2569: 2559: 2546: 2536: 2534: 2529: 2528: 2524: 2515: 2513: 2509: 2503: 2502: 2498: 2488: 2486: 2476: 2472: 2462: 2460: 2452: 2451: 2447: 2439: 2432: 2428: 2427: 2420: 2411: 2410: 2406: 2397: 2395: 2391: 2384: 2383: 2379: 2350: 2341: 2332: 2331: 2327: 2319: 2315: 2305: 2303: 2302:on 17 July 2011 2299: 2288: 2282: 2278: 2271: 2255: 2251: 2246: 2209: 2186: 2160:New South Wales 2141: 2135: 2098: 2081: 2057: 2041: 2010:traffic lights 1889:zebra crossing 1871:zebra crossing 1853:zebra crossing 1835:zebra crossing 1765: 1732: 1710: 1708:Audible signals 1662: 1654:disabled people 1646: 1635: 1629: 1626: 1615: 1594: 1566: 1553: 1495: 1459: 1455: 1434: 1410:placebo buttons 1381: 1370: 1364: 1361: 1350: 1337: 1333: 1326: 1321: 1286: 1275: 1269: 1266: 1223: 1221: 1211: 1199: 1188: 1165:belisha beacons 1118: 1112: 1038: 1029: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1010:Portland Orange 1005: 997:marked or not. 975: 945: 940: 927:traffic calming 923: 872:piano keyboards 752: 744:, United States 734: 715:traffic islands 707: 693:often called a 663: 624: 580: 553:The section of 529:zebra crossings 510: 466: 356:Zebra crossing 319: 299: 250: 239: 233: 230: 219: 206: 202: 187: 175:traffic calming 171:zebra crossings 101: 100: 99: 98: 79: 78: 77: 69: 68: 59: 58: 57: 49: 48: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7106: 7096: 7095: 7090: 7085: 7080: 7075: 7070: 7053: 7052: 7050: 7049: 7044: 7039: 7034: 7029: 7024: 7019: 7014: 7009: 7003: 7001: 6995: 6994: 6992: 6991: 6986: 6981: 6976: 6970: 6968: 6964: 6963: 6961: 6960: 6955: 6950: 6945: 6940: 6938:Nordic walking 6935: 6930: 6929: 6928: 6918: 6912: 6910: 6906: 6905: 6903: 6902: 6897: 6892: 6887: 6882: 6877: 6872: 6866: 6861: 6860: 6859: 6848: 6846: 6845:infrastructure 6840: 6839: 6837: 6836: 6831: 6826: 6821: 6816: 6811: 6806: 6800: 6798: 6794: 6793: 6791: 6790: 6785: 6780: 6775: 6770: 6765: 6760: 6758:Crossing guard 6755: 6750: 6744: 6742: 6736: 6735: 6727: 6726: 6719: 6712: 6704: 6695: 6694: 6692: 6691: 6686: 6680: 6677: 6676: 6674: 6673: 6668: 6663: 6658: 6653: 6647: 6645: 6639: 6638: 6636: 6635: 6630: 6625: 6620: 6616: 6614: 6610: 6609: 6607: 6606: 6601: 6596: 6591: 6586: 6581: 6576: 6571: 6569:Jersey barrier 6566: 6561: 6556: 6553: 6548: 6543: 6538: 6533: 6528: 6522: 6520: 6516: 6515: 6513: 6512: 6507: 6502: 6500:Unused highway 6497: 6492: 6487: 6482: 6480:Traffic island 6477: 6472: 6467: 6462: 6457: 6452: 6447: 6442: 6437: 6432: 6427: 6422: 6417: 6412: 6407: 6402: 6397: 6392: 6387: 6384: 6379: 6374: 6369: 6364: 6359: 6354: 6349: 6343: 6341: 6333: 6332: 6329: 6328: 6326: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6310: 6305: 6299: 6297: 6293: 6292: 6290: 6289: 6284: 6279: 6277:Drowsy driving 6274: 6269: 6263: 6261: 6255: 6254: 6252: 6251: 6246: 6241: 6236: 6231: 6226: 6221: 6216: 6211: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6159:Level crossing 6156: 6151: 6146: 6141: 6136: 6131: 6126: 6121: 6116: 6111: 6105: 6103: 6094: 6086: 6085: 6083: 6082: 6077: 6072: 6067: 6062: 6057: 6052: 6047: 6042: 6037: 6032: 6027: 6022: 6017: 6012: 6007: 6002: 5997: 5992: 5987: 5982: 5981: 5980: 5970: 5965: 5960: 5957: 5952: 5946: 5944: 5938: 5937: 5934: 5933: 5931: 5930: 5925: 5920: 5915: 5910: 5905: 5900: 5895: 5890: 5885: 5880: 5875: 5870: 5865: 5860: 5858:Channelization 5855: 5850: 5845: 5843:3-way junction 5839: 5837: 5828: 5825: 5824: 5822: 5821: 5816: 5811: 5806: 5801: 5796: 5791: 5786: 5781: 5776: 5771: 5766: 5760: 5758: 5745: 5739: 5737:Road junctions 5733: 5732: 5729: 5728: 5726: 5725: 5720: 5715: 5710: 5705: 5704: 5703: 5701:business route 5698: 5688: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5667: 5665: 5661: 5660: 5658: 5657: 5652: 5649: 5644: 5639: 5634: 5631: 5629:Primitive road 5626: 5621: 5616: 5611: 5606: 5601: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5581: 5576: 5572: 5570: 5566: 5565: 5563: 5562: 5557: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5532: 5527: 5522: 5517: 5512: 5507: 5502: 5500:County highway 5497: 5495:Collector road 5492: 5486: 5484: 5480: 5479: 5477: 5476: 5471: 5469:United Kingdom 5466: 5461: 5456: 5451: 5446: 5441: 5436: 5431: 5426: 5421: 5416: 5411: 5406: 5404:Czech Republic 5401: 5396: 5391: 5386: 5381: 5376: 5370: 5368: 5362: 5361: 5359: 5358: 5353: 5348: 5343: 5337: 5335: 5333:Limited-access 5326: 5320: 5319: 5309: 5308: 5301: 5294: 5286: 5277: 5276: 5274: 5273: 5271:Tactile paving 5268: 5263: 5257: 5255: 5251: 5250: 5248: 5247: 5240: 5235: 5230: 5225: 5223:Belisha beacon 5220: 5212: 5210: 5206: 5205: 5203: 5202: 5200:Zebra crossing 5197: 5192: 5190:Tiger crossing 5187: 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5152: 5150:Panda crossing 5147: 5141: 5139: 5135: 5134: 5127: 5126: 5119: 5112: 5104: 5098: 5097: 5091: 5086: 5080: 5072: 5071:External links 5069: 5066: 5065: 5027: 5020: 4999: 4985: 4973: 4960: 4948: 4930: 4912: 4886: 4868: 4859: 4838: 4820: 4810: 4801: 4792: 4767: 4732: 4696: 4663: 4634:(4): 149–158. 4614: 4571: 4540: 4511: 4485: 4458: 4431: 4405: 4379: 4353: 4327: 4292:(5): 538–544. 4273: 4242: 4199: 4169: 4143: 4114: 4077:(3): 155–158. 4057: 4022: 3986: 3957: 3923: 3896: 3871: 3844: 3818: 3791: 3765: 3740: 3707: 3683: 3650: 3631: 3605: 3596: 3577: 3558: 3531: 3505:"Article 29". 3497: 3483: 3461: 3435: 3404: 3386: 3359: 3333: 3302: 3278: 3264: 3236: 3208: 3182: 3156: 3145:. 25 June 2015 3130: 3104: 3078: 3052: 3022: 2987: 2957: 2931: 2905: 2879: 2853: 2808: 2794: 2774: 2760: 2737: 2708: 2682: 2665:"Death by Car" 2656: 2615: 2579: 2544: 2522: 2496: 2470: 2445: 2418: 2404: 2377: 2339: 2325: 2313: 2276: 2269: 2248: 2247: 2245: 2242: 2241: 2240: 2235: 2230: 2225: 2220: 2215: 2208: 2205: 2185: 2182: 2174: 2173: 2170: 2167: 2139:Level crossing 2137:Main article: 2134: 2131: 2127: 2126: 2123: 2120: 2113:short-statured 2109: 2097: 2096:Warning lights 2094: 2093: 2092: 2089: 2080: 2077: 2056: 2053: 2040: 2037: 2034: 2033: 2031: 2028: 2026: 2018: 2017: 2016:bidirectional 2014: 2011: 2008: 2000: 1999: 1996: 1993: 1992:traffic light 1990: 1982: 1981: 1978: 1975: 1974:traffic light 1972: 1964: 1963: 1960: 1957: 1956:traffic light 1954: 1946: 1945: 1943: 1940: 1938: 1930: 1929: 1927: 1924: 1922: 1914: 1913: 1910: 1907: 1905: 1897: 1896: 1893: 1890: 1887: 1879: 1878: 1875: 1872: 1869: 1861: 1860: 1857: 1854: 1851: 1843: 1842: 1841:bidirectional 1839: 1836: 1833: 1825: 1824: 1822: 1819: 1817: 1809: 1808: 1805: 1802: 1799: 1764: 1761: 1709: 1706: 1661: 1658: 1648: 1647: 1606: 1604: 1593: 1590: 1565: 1562: 1552: 1549: 1494: 1491: 1433: 1430: 1383: 1382: 1347:of the subject 1345:worldwide view 1340: 1338: 1331: 1325: 1322: 1320: 1317: 1288: 1287: 1202: 1200: 1193: 1187: 1184: 1146:United Kingdom 1114:Main article: 1111: 1108: 1037: 1034: 1028: 1025: 979:municipalities 971:Main article: 944: 941: 939: 936: 922: 919: 860:West Hollywood 787:Luoyuan County 733: 730: 706: 703: 676:or pedestrian 662: 659: 623: 620: 579: 576: 509: 506: 498:traffic island 486:Havelock North 465: 462: 459: 458: 451: 448: 441: 437: 436: 429: 426: 419: 415: 414: 411: 408: 401: 397: 396: 393: 386: 379: 375: 374: 371: 364: 357: 353: 352: 349: 346: 339: 335: 334: 331: 328: 325: 318: 315: 298: 295: 252: 251: 209: 207: 200: 186: 183: 179:refuge islands 81: 80: 71: 70: 62: 61: 60: 51: 50: 42: 41: 40: 39: 38: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7105: 7094: 7091: 7089: 7086: 7084: 7081: 7079: 7076: 7074: 7071: 7069: 7066: 7065: 7063: 7048: 7047:Walking audit 7045: 7043: 7040: 7038: 7035: 7033: 7030: 7028: 7025: 7023: 7020: 7018: 7015: 7013: 7010: 7008: 7005: 7004: 7002: 7000:and campaigns 6996: 6990: 6989:Slow marathon 6987: 6985: 6982: 6980: 6979:Pedestrianism 6977: 6975: 6972: 6971: 6969: 6965: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6951: 6949: 6948:Speed walking 6946: 6944: 6941: 6939: 6936: 6934: 6931: 6927: 6924: 6923: 6922: 6919: 6917: 6914: 6913: 6911: 6907: 6901: 6898: 6896: 6893: 6891: 6888: 6886: 6883: 6881: 6878: 6876: 6873: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6864:Drovers' road 6862: 6858: 6855: 6854: 6853: 6850: 6849: 6847: 6841: 6835: 6832: 6830: 6827: 6825: 6822: 6820: 6817: 6815: 6812: 6810: 6807: 6805: 6802: 6801: 6799: 6795: 6789: 6788:Walking stick 6786: 6784: 6781: 6779: 6776: 6774: 6771: 6769: 6766: 6764: 6761: 6759: 6756: 6754: 6751: 6749: 6746: 6745: 6743: 6737: 6732: 6725: 6720: 6718: 6713: 6711: 6706: 6705: 6702: 6690: 6687: 6685: 6682: 6681: 6678: 6672: 6669: 6667: 6664: 6662: 6659: 6657: 6654: 6652: 6649: 6648: 6646: 6640: 6634: 6631: 6629: 6626: 6624: 6621: 6618: 6617: 6615: 6611: 6605: 6602: 6600: 6597: 6595: 6592: 6590: 6587: 6585: 6582: 6580: 6579:Noise barrier 6577: 6575: 6572: 6570: 6567: 6565: 6562: 6560: 6557: 6554: 6552: 6549: 6547: 6544: 6542: 6539: 6537: 6536:Cable barrier 6534: 6532: 6529: 6527: 6524: 6523: 6521: 6517: 6511: 6508: 6506: 6503: 6501: 6498: 6496: 6493: 6491: 6488: 6486: 6485:Traffic lanes 6483: 6481: 6478: 6476: 6473: 6471: 6468: 6466: 6463: 6461: 6458: 6456: 6453: 6451: 6448: 6446: 6443: 6441: 6438: 6436: 6433: 6431: 6428: 6426: 6425:Refuge island 6423: 6421: 6418: 6416: 6413: 6411: 6408: 6406: 6403: 6401: 6398: 6396: 6393: 6391: 6390:Living street 6388: 6385: 6383: 6380: 6378: 6375: 6373: 6370: 6368: 6365: 6363: 6360: 6358: 6357:Climbing lane 6355: 6353: 6350: 6348: 6345: 6344: 6342: 6340: 6334: 6324: 6321: 6319: 6316: 6314: 6311: 6309: 6306: 6304: 6301: 6300: 6298: 6294: 6288: 6285: 6283: 6280: 6278: 6275: 6273: 6270: 6268: 6265: 6264: 6262: 6260: 6259:Human factors 6256: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6242: 6240: 6237: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6227: 6225: 6224:Traffic light 6222: 6220: 6217: 6215: 6212: 6210: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6174:Oversize load 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6164:Manhole cover 6162: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6152: 6150: 6147: 6145: 6142: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6127: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6106: 6104: 6098: 6095: 6093: 6087: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6056: 6053: 6051: 6048: 6046: 6043: 6041: 6038: 6036: 6033: 6031: 6028: 6026: 6023: 6021: 6018: 6016: 6013: 6011: 6008: 6006: 6003: 6001: 5998: 5996: 5995:Crushed stone 5993: 5991: 5988: 5986: 5983: 5979: 5976: 5975: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5958: 5956: 5953: 5951: 5948: 5947: 5945: 5943: 5939: 5929: 5926: 5924: 5921: 5919: 5916: 5914: 5911: 5909: 5906: 5904: 5901: 5899: 5896: 5894: 5891: 5889: 5886: 5884: 5881: 5879: 5878:Michigan left 5876: 5874: 5871: 5869: 5866: 5864: 5861: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5849: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5830:Intersections 5826: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5800: 5797: 5795: 5792: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5780: 5779:Directional T 5777: 5775: 5772: 5770: 5767: 5765: 5762: 5761: 5759: 5754: 5748: 5743: 5740: 5738: 5734: 5724: 5721: 5719: 5716: 5714: 5711: 5709: 5706: 5702: 5699: 5697: 5696:special route 5694: 5693: 5692: 5689: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5668: 5666: 5662: 5656: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5645: 5643: 5640: 5638: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5627: 5625: 5622: 5620: 5617: 5615: 5614:Frontage road 5612: 5610: 5607: 5605: 5602: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5574: 5573: 5571: 5567: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5511: 5508: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5490:Arterial road 5488: 5487: 5485: 5481: 5475: 5474:United States 5472: 5470: 5467: 5465: 5462: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5445: 5442: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5427: 5425: 5422: 5420: 5417: 5415: 5412: 5410: 5407: 5405: 5402: 5400: 5397: 5395: 5392: 5390: 5387: 5385: 5382: 5380: 5377: 5375: 5372: 5371: 5369: 5367: 5363: 5357: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5339: 5338: 5336: 5334: 5330: 5327: 5325: 5324:Types of road 5321: 5317: 5314: 5307: 5302: 5300: 5295: 5293: 5288: 5287: 5284: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5266:Refuge island 5264: 5262: 5259: 5258: 5256: 5254:Other aspects 5252: 5246: 5245: 5241: 5239: 5236: 5234: 5231: 5229: 5226: 5224: 5221: 5219: 5218: 5217:Ampelmännchen 5214: 5213: 5211: 5207: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5163: 5161: 5158: 5156: 5153: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5142: 5140: 5136: 5132: 5125: 5120: 5118: 5113: 5111: 5106: 5105: 5102: 5095: 5092: 5090: 5087: 5084: 5081: 5078: 5075: 5074: 5050: 5043: 5042: 5034: 5032: 5023: 5017: 5013: 5009: 5003: 4996: 4995: 4989: 4982: 4977: 4970: 4964: 4957: 4952: 4944: 4940: 4934: 4926: 4922: 4916: 4900: 4896: 4890: 4882: 4881:www.toxel.com 4878: 4872: 4863: 4848: 4842: 4834: 4833:www.utrc2.org 4830: 4824: 4814: 4805: 4796: 4777: 4771: 4755: 4751: 4750: 4742: 4736: 4717: 4713: 4706: 4700: 4685: 4678: 4672: 4670: 4668: 4659: 4655: 4650: 4645: 4641: 4637: 4633: 4629: 4625: 4618: 4610: 4606: 4602: 4598: 4594: 4590: 4586: 4582: 4575: 4556: 4549: 4547: 4545: 4528: 4521: 4515: 4500: 4496: 4489: 4474: 4473: 4468: 4462: 4447: 4446: 4441: 4435: 4419: 4415: 4409: 4394: 4390: 4383: 4368: 4364: 4357: 4341: 4337: 4331: 4323: 4319: 4315: 4311: 4307: 4303: 4299: 4295: 4291: 4287: 4280: 4278: 4262: 4258: 4251: 4249: 4247: 4238: 4234: 4230: 4226: 4222: 4218: 4214: 4210: 4203: 4187: 4183: 4179: 4173: 4157: 4153: 4147: 4131: 4124: 4118: 4110: 4106: 4101: 4096: 4092: 4088: 4084: 4080: 4076: 4072: 4068: 4061: 4046: 4042: 4041: 4033: 4026: 4010: 4006: 4005: 3997: 3990: 3974: 3970: 3964: 3962: 3946: 3942: 3938: 3934: 3927: 3912: 3911: 3906: 3900: 3881: 3875: 3867: 3863: 3859: 3858:Ragusea, Adam 3853: 3851: 3849: 3833: 3829: 3822: 3814: 3810: 3806: 3802: 3795: 3780: 3776: 3769: 3754: 3750: 3744: 3736: 3732: 3726: 3718: 3714: 3710: 3704: 3700: 3699: 3692: 3690: 3688: 3679: 3675: 3669: 3661: 3657: 3653: 3647: 3643: 3642: 3635: 3619: 3615: 3609: 3600: 3589: 3588: 3581: 3570: 3569: 3562: 3551: 3544: 3543: 3535: 3527: 3521: 3510: 3509: 3501: 3493: 3487: 3472: 3465: 3449: 3445: 3439: 3423: 3422: 3414: 3408: 3400: 3396: 3390: 3379: 3372: 3366: 3364: 3347: 3343: 3337: 3321: 3317: 3311: 3309: 3307: 3288: 3282: 3274: 3268: 3253: 3252: 3247: 3240: 3225: 3224: 3219: 3212: 3196: 3192: 3186: 3171: 3167: 3160: 3144: 3140: 3134: 3118: 3114: 3108: 3093: 3089: 3082: 3067: 3063: 3056: 3040: 3036: 3032: 3026: 3011:. 27 May 2012 3010: 3006: 3000: 2998: 2996: 2994: 2992: 2975: 2971: 2967: 2961: 2945: 2941: 2935: 2920: 2919:Lompoc Record 2916: 2909: 2894: 2893:Lompoc Record 2890: 2883: 2868: 2864: 2857: 2842: 2838: 2831: 2829: 2827: 2825: 2823: 2821: 2819: 2817: 2815: 2813: 2797: 2791: 2787: 2786: 2778: 2763: 2757: 2753: 2752: 2744: 2742: 2726: 2722: 2715: 2713: 2697: 2693: 2686: 2670: 2666: 2660: 2644: 2640: 2634: 2632: 2630: 2628: 2626: 2624: 2622: 2620: 2603: 2599: 2592: 2590: 2588: 2586: 2584: 2568: 2564: 2557: 2555: 2553: 2551: 2549: 2532: 2526: 2508: 2507: 2500: 2485: 2481: 2474: 2459: 2455: 2449: 2438: 2431: 2425: 2423: 2414: 2408: 2390: 2389: 2381: 2372: 2367: 2364:: 1707–1716. 2363: 2359: 2355: 2348: 2346: 2344: 2335: 2329: 2323: 2317: 2298: 2294: 2287: 2280: 2272: 2270:9781107638112 2266: 2262: 2261: 2253: 2249: 2239: 2236: 2234: 2233:Traffic light 2231: 2229: 2226: 2224: 2221: 2219: 2216: 2214: 2211: 2210: 2204: 2200: 2198: 2194: 2189: 2181: 2177: 2171: 2168: 2165: 2164: 2163: 2161: 2156: 2150: 2145: 2140: 2130: 2124: 2121: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2107: 2103: 2102: 2101: 2090: 2086: 2083: 2082: 2076: 2073: 2069: 2061: 2052: 2050: 2046: 2032: 2029: 2027: 2024: 2020: 2019: 2015: 2012: 2009: 2006: 2002: 2001: 1997: 1994: 1991: 1988: 1984: 1983: 1979: 1977:vehicle lane 1976: 1973: 1970: 1966: 1965: 1961: 1958: 1955: 1952: 1948: 1947: 1944: 1941: 1939: 1936: 1932: 1931: 1928: 1925: 1923: 1920: 1916: 1915: 1911: 1908: 1906: 1903: 1899: 1898: 1894: 1891: 1888: 1885: 1881: 1880: 1876: 1874:vehicle lane 1873: 1870: 1867: 1863: 1862: 1858: 1855: 1852: 1849: 1845: 1844: 1840: 1837: 1834: 1831: 1827: 1826: 1823: 1820: 1818: 1815: 1811: 1810: 1806: 1803: 1800: 1797: 1796: 1791: 1787: 1784: 1780: 1776: 1769: 1763:Relief symbol 1760: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1714: 1705: 1697: 1693: 1690: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1676: 1675:electrostatic 1666: 1657: 1655: 1644: 1641: 1633: 1630:November 2013 1623: 1619: 1613: 1612: 1607:This section 1605: 1602: 1598: 1597: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1579: 1570: 1561: 1559: 1548: 1546: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1525:Ampelmännchen 1522: 1521:Ampelmännchen 1518: 1513: 1510: 1504: 1499: 1490: 1488: 1484: 1479: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1452: 1450: 1447: 1438: 1429: 1427: 1423: 1418: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1406:New York City 1402: 1399: 1389: 1379: 1376: 1368: 1358: 1354: 1348: 1346: 1339: 1330: 1329: 1316: 1312: 1309: 1305: 1303: 1294: 1284: 1281: 1273: 1270:December 2021 1262: 1259: 1255: 1252: 1248: 1245: 1241: 1238: 1234: 1231: – 1230: 1226: 1225:Find sources: 1219: 1215: 1209: 1208: 1203:This section 1201: 1197: 1192: 1191: 1183: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1168: 1166: 1161: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1139: 1134: 1127: 1122: 1117: 1107: 1105: 1101: 1100: 1099:Ampelmännchen 1096:, the unique 1095: 1090: 1087: 1084: 1079: 1077: 1073: 1064: 1063:Ampelmännchen 1058: 1050: 1042: 1033: 1024: 1011: 1003: 998: 994: 992: 986: 984: 983:jurisdictions 980: 974: 965: 957: 949: 943:North America 935: 932: 928: 918: 916: 910: 908: 904: 900: 896: 892: 887: 885: 881: 877: 873: 869: 865: 861: 857: 856:San Francisco 853: 849: 842: 838: 833: 829: 827: 826:flag of China 823: 819: 815: 811: 807: 803: 798: 796: 792: 788: 784: 780: 775: 773: 769: 765: 761: 756: 751: 743: 738: 729: 727: 722: 720: 716: 711: 702: 700: 696: 690: 687: 683: 679: 675: 667: 658: 656: 652: 649:. Known as a 648: 644: 637: 633: 628: 619: 617: 613: 609: 605: 601: 597: 593: 584: 575: 573: 568: 564: 560: 556: 551: 549: 548:road striping 544: 540: 538: 537:United States 534: 530: 523: 519: 514: 505: 501: 499: 494: 488:, New Zealand 487: 482: 475: 470: 456: 452: 449: 446: 442: 439: 438: 434: 430: 427: 424: 420: 417: 416: 412: 409: 406: 402: 399: 398: 394: 391: 387: 384: 380: 377: 376: 372: 369: 365: 362: 358: 355: 354: 350: 347: 344: 340: 337: 336: 332: 329: 326: 323: 322: 314: 312: 307: 303: 293: 289: 285: 281: 279: 278: 272: 270: 266: 261: 259: 248: 245: 237: 234:February 2023 227: 226:the talk page 223: 217: 215: 210:This article 208: 199: 198: 191: 182: 180: 176: 172: 168: 165: 161: 157: 153: 147: 145: 141: 140:intersections 136: 134: 130: 126: 122: 118: 114: 110: 106: 97: 93: 92:New York City 89: 85: 75: 66: 55: 46: 37: 33: 19: 7027:New Urbanism 6958:Walking tour 6933:Mall walking 6879: 6809:Hand walking 6604:Traffic cone 6594:Rumble strip 6495:Truck bypass 6450:Shared space 6414: 6410:Passing lane 6395:Managed lane 6352:Bicycle lane 6234:Washboarding 6229:Traffic sign 6154:Hairpin turn 5923:Texas U-turn 5853:Box junction 5747:Interchanges 5691:Route number 5599:Country lane 5341:Bike freeway 5242: 5215: 5130: 5096:FHWA.dot.gov 5056:. Retrieved 5049:the original 5040: 5007: 5002: 4993: 4988: 4976: 4963: 4951: 4942: 4933: 4925:The Guardian 4924: 4915: 4903:. Retrieved 4899:the original 4889: 4880: 4871: 4862: 4850:. Retrieved 4841: 4832: 4823: 4813: 4804: 4795: 4783:. Retrieved 4770: 4758:. Retrieved 4747: 4735: 4723:. Retrieved 4716:the original 4711: 4699: 4687:. Retrieved 4683: 4631: 4627: 4617: 4584: 4580: 4574: 4562:. Retrieved 4531:. Retrieved 4526: 4514: 4502:. Retrieved 4498: 4488: 4476:. Retrieved 4470: 4461: 4449:. Retrieved 4443: 4434: 4422:. Retrieved 4417: 4408: 4396:. Retrieved 4392: 4382: 4370:. Retrieved 4366: 4356: 4344:. Retrieved 4339: 4330: 4289: 4285: 4264:. Retrieved 4260: 4212: 4208: 4202: 4190:. Retrieved 4186:the original 4181: 4172: 4160:. Retrieved 4155: 4146: 4134:. Retrieved 4117: 4074: 4070: 4060: 4048:. Retrieved 4038: 4025: 4013:. Retrieved 4002: 3989: 3977:. Retrieved 3973:NBC New York 3972: 3948:. Retrieved 3936: 3926: 3914:. Retrieved 3908: 3899: 3887:. 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