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108:
88:
773:"STEMonstrations Screaming Balloon" is an educational demonstration using a balloon, a penny, and a hexagonal nut (the kind used to secure a bolt). The penny and the nut are whirled separately inside an inflated balloon to compare their sounds. NASA's STEMonstration program are educational lessons illustrating a different scientific concept performed and recorded by astronauts on the space station and include resources to help teachers further explore the topics with their students.
969:
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previously tested the performance in space of glass beads, Teflon beads, a platinum catalyst, and other packing materials. Results could help optimize the design and operation of packed bed reactors for water filtration and other systems in microgravity and on the Moon and Mars. Insights from the investigation also could lead to improvements in this technology for applications on Earth such as water purification and heating and cooling systems.
461:
29:
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spaceflight affects the rotifer's ability to repair sections of damaged DNA in a microgravity environment and could improve the general understanding of DNA damage and repair mechanisms for applications on Earth. This mission also delivers plants for the APEX-09 investigation, which examines plant responses to stressful environments and could inform the design of bio-regenerative support systems on future space missions.
1319:
792:
This investigation demonstrates whether expanding stem cells in microgravity could generate far more continuously renewing stem cells. This work eventually could lead to large-scale production facilities, with donor cells launched into orbit and cellular therapies returned to Earth. The biotechnology
788:
The investigation uses a system called BioServe In-space Cell
Expansion Platform (BICEP), which is designed to expand HSCs three hundredfold without the need to change or add new growth media. BICEP affords a streamlined operation to harvest and cryopreserve cells for return to Earth and delivery to
976:
On 22 August, the Cygnus engine was fired for over 19 minutes to raise the orbital altitude of the ISS to 418.4 by 415.0 kilometres (260 by 257.9 mi). These periodic "reboosts" counteract atmospheric drag on the station. The Cygnus has been available to do reboosts on an as-needed basis since
813:. These tiny but complex organisms are known for their ability to withstand harsh conditions, including radiation doses 100 times higher than human cells can survive. The organisms are dried, exposed to high radiation levels on Earth, and rehydrated and cultured in an incubator on the station.
764:
reactors are systems that use materials such as pellets or beads packed inside a structure to increase contact between different phases of fluids, such as liquid and gas. These reactors are used for various applications, including water recovery, thermal management, and fuel cells. Scientists
816:
Previous research indicates that rotifers repair their DNA in space with the same efficiency as on Earth, but that research provided only genetic data. This experiment will provide the first visual proof of survival and reproduction during spaceflight. Results could provide insights into how
935:
UTC as
Northrop Grumman engineers investigated the issues. The pressure reading was determined to be acceptable, and the Northrop Grumman was able to command the Cygnus to make two burns to put it on a trajectory to meet the station at the previously scheduled time.
697:
The Cygnus spacecraft will be loaded with a total of 3,857 kilograms (8,503 lb) of cargo and supplies before its launch, including 3,843 kilograms (8,472 lb) of pressurised and 14 kilograms (31 lb) of unpressurised cargo.
650:
Production and integration of Cygnus spacecraft are performed in Dulles, Virginia. The Cygnus service module is mated with the pressurized cargo module at the launch site, and mission operations are conducted from control centers in
875:
to add a 5 ft × 4 ft (1.5 m × 1.2 m) side hatch to load late cargo onto the spacecraft from the cleanroom located at the end of the crew access arm installed at
864:
rocket that does not depend on
Ukrainian or Russian parts to be ready to fly NG-23 in August 2025. As an interim solution, Northrop Grumman contracted with its CRS competitor
3401:
644:
1588:"One hour until Falcon 9 launches @northropgrumman's Cygnus spacecraft to the @space_station. Teams continue to monitor weather, which is now 35% favorable for liftoff"
904:, local time at the launch site) but was scrubbed due to poor weather conditions. The launch was rescheduled and successfully lifted off on 4 August 2024 at 15:02:23
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1091:
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The pressurized cargo module is lifted and moved by a crane inside the Space
Systems Processing Facility at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida on 1 June 2024.
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785:(HSCs) in space. HSCs give rise to blood and immune cells and are used in therapies for patients with certain blood diseases, autoimmune disorders, and cancers.
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rocket that does not depend on
Ukrainian or Russian parts to be ready to fly NG-23. As an interim solution, Northrop Grumman contracted with its CRS competitor
1236:
732:, the manifest was changed to transfer additional crew supplies to the ISS for the additional astronauts (six US astronauts rather than the expected four).
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1365:
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781:"In-Space Expansion of Hematopoietic Stem Cells for Clinical Application" (InSPA-StemCellEX-H1) continues testing a technology to produce human
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rocket after the NG-19 mission. The
Antares used a Russian-built engine and Ukrainian-built first stage, and production ceased after the
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722:
609:
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805:"Rotifer-B2", an ESA (European Space Agency) investigation, explores how spaceflight affects DNA repair mechanisms in a microscopic
880:
232:
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247:
752:
Several scientific investigations were sent to the ISS aboard the Cygnus. These are four of the projects highlighted by NASA:
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UTC, but was aborted when engine sensors registered low initial pressure. The Cygnus deployed its two solar arrays at 18:21
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748:(NG-21) spacecraft is seen being encapsulated inside the SpaceX Falcon 9 payload fairing as it prepares to launch
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rocket. The
Antares used a Russian-built engine and Ukrainian-built first stage, and production ceased after the
1657:
760:"Packed Bed Reactor Experiment: Water Recovery Series" will evaluate gravity's effects on eight test articles.
613:
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After Cygnus separated from the Falcon's second stage, the spacecraft missed its first scheduled burn at 15:44
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985:. Russia's Progress cargo spacecraft also regularly perform reboosts during missions to the ISS.
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NASA, Northrop
Grumman 20th Commercial Resupply Services Mission Prelaunch Media Teleconference
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investigation also seeks to improve therapies for blood diseases and cancers such as
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632:. The larger Enhanced Cygnus was introduced in 2015. Orbital Sciences was renamed
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1300:"NASA's 21st Northrop Grumman Mission Launches Scientific Studies to Station"
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1134:"Northrop Grumman names Cygnus cargo craft for fallen Challenger commander"
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1160:"Northrop Grumman "optimistic" to receive more NASA cargo mission orders"
861:
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633:
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purchased
Orbital in 2018 and has continued to operate Cygnus missions.
3276:
1210:"Overview for NASA's Northrop Grumman 21st Commercial Resupply Mission"
886:
The rocket was first scheduled to lift off on 3 August 2024 at 15:28:00
761:
833:
While most Cygnus missions have been launched atop
Northrop Grumman's
740:
1187:
460:
28:
1685:
1422:"NASA Astronauts Capture Cygnus With Robotic Arm; Installation Soon"
841:, NG-21 was the second of three missions planned to launch atop the
825:
794:
1450:"Cygnus Spacecraft Installed to Space Station; Cargo Ops Underway"
1366:"NASA's Northrop Grumman Cygnus Completes Solar Arrays Deployment"
1758:
1603:
1322:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
681:. This is the sixteenth flight of the Enhanced-sized Cygnus PCM.
656:
625:
3281:
865:
579:
257:
1237:"Repair Kit for NASA's NICER Mission Heading to Space Station"
2467:
1478:"Light Duty Day Still Sees Space Science and Orbital Reboost"
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660:
360:
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telescope will be delivered to the station on this mission.
624:
for ISS logistics, with a service module based on Orbital's
532:
missions, that launched on 4 August 2024. It is operated by
413:
56 days, 5 hours and 49 minutes (in progress)
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1426:
1398:
1394:"NASA's Northrop Grumman Cygnus Continues to Space Station"
1370:
1342:
1304:
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605:
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1183:"NASA Orders Two More ISS Cargo Missions From Orbital ATK"
1034:
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mission, after being successfully demonstrated on flight
1092:
Uncrewed spaceflights to the International Space Station
1357:
868:
to launch NG-20, 21 and 22 using its Falcon 9 rocket.
1663:
1269:
NASA's Boeing Crew Flight Test Status News Conference
708:
Science investigations: 1,220 kg (2,690 lb)
3402:
Supply vehicles for the International Space Station
916:EDT). The first stage successfully touched down at
643:Cygnus NG-21 is the tenth Cygnus mission under the
566:after Northrop Grumman exhausted the supply of its
544:. The spacecraft is an Enhanced Cygnus, named the
871:To accommodate the Cygnus, SpaceX modified their
367:
3388:
860:. Northrop Grumman expects its next-generation
714:Vehicle hardware: 1,560 kg (3,440 lb)
673:in honor of the NASA astronaut who died in the
574:. Northrop Grumman expects its next-generation
551:in honor of the NASA astronaut who died in the
1293:
1291:
1289:
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701:The cargo manifest is broken down as follows:
612:program. To create Cygnus, Orbital paired the
121:58 days and 20 minutes (in progress)
2146:
1701:
852:Northrop Grumman exhausted the supply of its
829:Falcon 9 lifts off carrying NG-21 to the ISS
711:Spacewalk equipment: 43 kg (95 lb)
705:Crew supplies: 1,021 kg (2,251 lb)
1531:"Cygnus departs ISS following reboost test"
1284:
1234:
789:a designated medical provider and patient.
717:Computer resources: 13 kg (29 lb)
2153:
2139:
1708:
1694:
994:Note: Times are local to the launch site (
972:NG-21 firing its engine to reboost the ISS
951:UTC and the spacecraft was berthed to the
610:Commercial Orbital Transportation Services
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106:
86:
27:
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1069:0 days 23 hours 34 minutes
988:
967:
824:
739:
688:
1297:
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1658:NASA Commercial Resupply Mission NG-21
1585:
1528:
1475:
1392:Plucinsky, Stephanie (5 August 2024).
1364:Plucinsky, Stephanie (5 August 2024).
1262:
1235:Kazmierczak, Jeanette (30 July 2024).
800:
3412:Spacecraft launched by Falcon rockets
2134:
1715:
1689:
1180:
1157:
1079:Weather initially forecasted at 10%.
582:to launch NG-20, 21 and 22 using its
37:(NG-21) spacecraft approaches the ISS
1447:
1419:
1298:Gaskill, Melissa L. (23 July 2024).
16:Summer 2024 cargo mission to the ISS
3348:Sierra Nevada Dream Chaser (future)
666:The NG-21 spacecraft was named the
13:
1114:. Northrop Grumman. 6 January 2020
961:(Earth-facing) port at about 09:33
881:Falcon 9 first-stage booster #1080
847:Cape Canaveral Space Force Station
512:is the twenty-first flight of the
14:
3423:
1645:
1158:Clark, Stephen (1 October 2020).
755:
2333:
1772:
1738:Uncrewed spaceflights to the ISS
1673:
1618:"Falcon 9 Cygnus NG-21 Forecast"
1556:"Falcon 9 Cygnus NG-21 Forecast"
1317:
1272:. NASA. Event occurs at 1:18:04
562:NG-21 is the second launch of a
3377:† - mission failed to reach ISS
1610:
1579:
1548:
1522:
1497:
1476:Garcia, Mark (22 August 2024).
1469:
1441:
1413:
1385:
839:Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport
1529:Bergin, Chris (15 July 2018).
1329:
1256:
1228:
1202:
1174:
1151:
1126:
1104:
645:Commercial Resupply Services-2
614:Multi-Purpose Logistics Module
98:
1:
1181:Leone, Dan (17 August 2015).
1097:
776:
442:3,843 kg (8,472 lb)
434:3,857 kg (8,503 lb)
1448:Graf, Abby (6 August 2024).
1420:Graf, Abby (6 August 2024).
768:
602:Orbital Sciences Corporation
538:Commercial Resupply Services
468:Commercial Resupply Services
7:
2166:International Space Station
1085:
920:at the end of its flight.
858:Russian invasion of Ukraine
735:
684:
620:and previously used by the
572:Russian invasion of Ukraine
526:International Space Station
10:
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1660:– Northrop Grumman website
1048: (T−01:00:43)
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2120:indicate launch failures.
2111:
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2039:
1807:
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1723:
1586:@SpaceX (4 August 2024).
947:on 6 August 2024 at 07:11
945:the station's robotic arm
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3365:Ongoing spaceflights in
783:hematopoietic stem cells
746:Francis R. "Dick" Scobee
670:Francis R. "Dick" Scobee
600:Cygnus was developed by
548:Francis R. "Dick" Scobee
144:Francis R. "Dick" Scobee
35:Francis R. "Dick" Scobee
3371:Future spaceflights in
3343:Northrop Grumman Cygnus
1652:Northrop Grumman CRS-21
1062:4 Aug 2024, 11:02:53 am
1035:3 Aug 2024, 11:29:00 am
877:Space Launch Complex 40
730:Boeing Crew Flight Test
450:14 kg (31 lb)
199:4 August 2024, 15:02:53
195:4 August 2024, 15:02:53
3333:SpaceX Dragon 1 (past)
989:Launch attempt summary
973:
943:captured Cygnus using
883:on its tenth mission.
830:
749:
694:
604:, partially funded by
405:January 2025 (planned)
397:January 2025 (planned)
288:January 2025 (planned)
2162:Uncrewed spaceflights
1626:45th Weather Squadron
1564:45th Weather Squadron
996:Eastern Daylight Time
971:
828:
743:
721:A repair kit for the
692:
306:Reference system
134:Spacecraft properties
1353:– via YouTube.
1280:– via YouTube.
385:6 August 2024, 09:33
373:6 August 2024, 07:11
3407:2024 in spaceflight
3397:Cygnus (spacecraft)
3354:ISS Deorbit Vehicle
3296:ISS Deorbit Vehicle
1535:NASASpaceFlight.com
1112:"Cygnus Spacecraft"
879:. The mission used
801:DNA repair in space
728:Due to issues with
618:Thales Alenia Space
608:under the agency's
596:Cygnus (spacecraft)
170:Thales Alenia Space
23:
3313:Roscosmos Progress
2181:Crewed ISS flights
1266:(24 August 2024).
974:
831:
750:
695:
301:Orbital parameters
119:5 months (planned)
21:
3384:
3383:
2128:
2127:
1717:Cygnus spacecraft
1345:. 26 January 2024
1162:. Spaceflight Now
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564:Cygnus spacecraft
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2040:Current missions
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845:rocket from the
843:Falcon 9 Block 5
807:bdelloid rotifer
653:Dulles, Virginia
638:Northrop Grumman
584:Falcon 9 Block 5
534:Northrop Grumman
522:cargo spacecraft
463:
388:
376:
369:
310:Geocentric orbit
229:Falcon 9 Block 5
216:
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187:Start of mission
166:Northrop Grumman
116:Mission duration
111:
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69:Northrop Grumman
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2192:ISS expeditions
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2061:Future missions
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1629:. 3 August 2024
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1567:. 2 August 2024
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1654:– NASA website
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1216:. 30 July 2024
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480:SpaceX CRS-31
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475:SpaceX CRS-30
473:←
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2189:{{
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2178:{{
2119:
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1631:. Retrieved
1624:
1612:
1602:– via
1596:. Retrieved
1581:
1569:. Retrieved
1562:
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1538:. Retrieved
1534:
1524:
1512:. Retrieved
1509:Supercluster
1508:
1499:
1487:. Retrieved
1481:
1471:
1459:. Retrieved
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1415:
1403:. Retrieved
1397:
1387:
1375:. Retrieved
1369:
1359:
1347:. Retrieved
1337:
1331:
1309:. Retrieved
1303:
1274:. Retrieved
1268:
1264:Weigel, Dana
1258:
1246:. Retrieved
1240:
1230:
1218:. Retrieved
1213:
1204:
1192:. Retrieved
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1176:
1164:. Retrieved
1153:
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1137:
1128:
1116:. Retrieved
1106:
993:
992:
975:
952:
938:
922:
885:
870:
854:Antares 230+
851:
832:
815:
811:Adineta vaga
804:
791:
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780:
772:
759:
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745:
727:
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676:
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636:in 2015 and
599:
568:Antares 230+
561:
554:
545:
509:
508:
410:Time berthed
355:
344:Berthing at
160:Manufacturer
143:
59:ISS resupply
55:Mission type
34:
18:
2214:2R / Zvezda
2102:(Late 2026)
1816:Test flight
1794:Orbital ATK
1680:Spaceflight
1505:"CRS NG-21"
862:Antares 300
634:Orbital ATK
616:, built by
576:Antares 300
439:Pressurised
402:RMS release
327:Inclination
240:Launch site
192:Launch date
3391:Categories
3306:Spacecraft
3277:SNC Demo-1
2176:See also:
2092:(Jan 2026)
2082:(Jun 2025)
2072:(Feb 2025)
2051:(Aug 2024)
2030:(Jan 2024)
2020:(Aug 2023)
2010:(Nov 2022)
2000:(Feb 2022)
1990:(Aug 2021)
1980:(Feb 2021)
1970:(Oct 2020)
1960:(Feb 2020)
1950:(Nov 2019)
1940:(Apr 2019)
1930:(Nov 2018)
1920:(May 2018)
1910:(Nov 2017)
1900:(Apr 2017)
1890:(Oct 2016)
1880:(Mar 2016)
1870:(Dec 2015)
1860:(Oct 2014)
1849:(Jul 2014)
1839:(Jan 2014)
1829:(Sep 2013)
1819:(Apr 2013)
1349:31 January
1098:References
1014:Turnaround
908:UTC (11:02
777:Stem cells
762:Packed bed
677:Challenger
647:contract.
555:Challenger
518:expendable
285:Decay date
254:Contractor
139:Spacecraft
3367:underline
3120:Boe-OFT 2
3001:2020–2024
2721:2015–2019
2493:2010–2014
2343:2005–2009
2204:2000–2004
1782:Operators
1540:24 August
1514:24 August
1489:23 August
1276:25 August
1188:SpaceNews
957:module's
837:from the
769:Education
530:logistics
524:used for
520:American
280:Deorbited
209:(11:02:53
82:2024-139A
76:COSPAR ID
46:CRS NG-21
3328:NASA CRS
3323:JAXA HTV
1633:5 August
1598:6 August
1571:5 August
1461:6 August
1433:6 August
1405:5 August
1377:5 August
1311:5 August
1220:2 August
1086:See also
1039:Scrubbed
795:leukemia
736:Research
685:Manifest
679:disaster
586:rocket.
557:disaster
536:under a
277:Disposal
233:B1080.10
65:Operator
3373:italics
3095:Prichal
2989:Boe-OFT
2934:SpX-DM1
2164:to the
1789:Orbital
1759:Atlas V
1754:Antares
1604:Twitter
1248:30 July
1194:4 April
1166:4 April
1143:24 July
1118:4 April
1066:Success
1045:Weather
1008:Planned
1005:Attempt
821:Mission
657:Houston
626:GEOStar
590:History
370:capture
197: (
97:SATCAT
3282:HTV-X1
3267:SpX-32
3252:SpX-31
3242:Future
3210:SpX-30
3185:SpX-29
3170:SpX-28
3160:SpX-27
3145:SpX-26
3130:SpX-25
3100:SpX-24
3081:SpX-23
3061:SpX-22
3041:SpX-21
3016:SpX-20
2979:SpX-19
2954:SpX-18
2949:SpX-17
2924:SpX-16
2899:SpX-15
2889:SpX-14
2874:SpX-13
2859:SpX-12
2849:SpX-11
2834:SpX-10
2649:Orb-D1
1826:Orb-D1
1666:Portal
1026:Notes
1017:Reason
1011:Result
963:
949:
933:
929:
925:
914:
910:
906:
899:
895:
893:(11:29
888:
866:SpaceX
580:SpaceX
528:(ISS)
514:Cygnus
387:
375:
331:51.66°
316:Regime
258:SpaceX
225:Rocket
215:
211:
204:
3293:2030
3287:SNC-1
3272:NG-22
3263:2025
3248:2024
3223:NG-21
3200:NG-20
3196:2024
3175:NG-19
3151:2023
3140:NG-18
3115:NG-17
3106:2022
3076:NG-16
3071:Nauka
3056:NG-15
3047:2021
3036:NG-14
3026:HTV-9
3011:NG-13
3007:2020
2974:NG-12
2969:HTV-8
2944:NG-11
2930:2019
2919:NG-10
2909:HTV-7
2894:OA-9E
2880:2018
2869:OA-8E
2830:2017
2824:HTV-6
2808:SpX-9
2798:SpX-8
2784:2016
2763:HTV-5
2752:SpX-7
2741:SpX-6
2731:SpX-5
2727:2015
2704:Orb-3
2699:SpX-4
2694:ATV-5
2684:Orb-2
2679:SpX-3
2664:Orb-1
2660:2014
2644:HTV-4
2634:ATV-4
2624:SpX-2
2615:2013
2604:SpX-1
2594:HTV-3
2589:SpX-D
2579:ATV-3
2570:2012
2543:ATV-2
2533:HTV-2
2529:2011
2499:2010
2482:Poisk
2468:HTV-1
2449:2009
2428:ATV-1
2419:2008
2394:2007
2374:2006
2349:2005
2304:2004
2284:2003
2264:2002
2235:2001
2210:2000
2116:Signs
2099:NG-25
2089:NG-24
2079:NG-23
2069:NG-22
2048:NG-21
2027:NG-20
2017:NG-19
2007:NG-18
1997:NG-17
1987:NG-16
1977:NG-15
1967:NG-14
1957:NG-13
1947:NG-12
1937:NG-11
1927:NG-10
1917:OA-9E
1907:OA-8E
1856:Orb-3
1846:Orb-2
1836:Orb-1
1621:(PDF)
1592:Tweet
1559:(PDF)
983:OA-9E
979:NG-17
965:UTC.
959:nadir
954:Unity
744:S.S.
723:NICER
668:S.S.
661:Texas
546:S.S.
516:, an
510:NG-21
499:NG-22
494:NG-20
426:Cargo
361:nadir
357:Unity
142:S.S.
104:60378
43:Names
33:S.S.
22:NG-21
3091:M-UM
2844:OA-7
2813:OA-5
2788:OA-6
2773:OA-4
2478:MIM2
2253:Pirs
1897:OA-7
1887:OA-5
1877:OA-6
1867:OA-4
1728:COTS
1635:2024
1600:2024
1573:2024
1542:2024
1516:2024
1491:2024
1483:NASA
1463:2024
1455:NASA
1435:2024
1427:NASA
1407:2024
1399:NASA
1379:2024
1371:NASA
1351:2024
1343:NASA
1313:2024
1305:NASA
1278:2024
1250:2024
1242:NASA
1222:2024
1214:NASA
1196:2021
1168:2021
1145:2024
1120:2021
977:the
655:and
628:, a
606:NASA
542:NASA
431:Mass
3257:90P
3230:89P
3216:88P
3205:87P
3190:86P
3180:85P
3165:84P
3155:83P
3135:82P
3125:81P
3110:80P
3086:79P
3066:78P
3051:77P
3031:76P
3021:75P
2984:74P
2964:60S
2959:73P
2939:72P
2914:71P
2904:70P
2884:69P
2864:68P
2854:67P
2839:66P
2818:65P
2803:64P
2793:63P
2778:62P
2768:61P
2758:60P
2746:59P
2736:58P
2710:57P
2689:56P
2674:55P
2669:54P
2654:53P
2639:52P
2629:51P
2619:50P
2609:49P
2599:48P
2584:47P
2574:46P
2564:45P
2558:44P
2553:43P
2548:42P
2538:41P
2523:40P
2518:39P
2513:38P
2508:37P
2503:36P
2473:35P
2463:34P
2458:33P
2453:32P
2443:31P
2438:30P
2433:29P
2423:28P
2413:27P
2408:26P
2403:25P
2398:24P
2388:23P
2383:22P
2378:21P
2368:20P
2363:19P
2358:18P
2353:17P
2323:16P
2318:15P
2313:14P
2308:13P
2298:12P
2293:11P
2288:10P
2249:SO1
1733:CRS
902:EDT
891:UTC
389:UTC
377:UTC
368:RMS
346:ISS
218:EDT
207:UTC
99:no.
3393::
3093:/
2480:/
2278:9P
2273:8P
2268:7P
2258:6P
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2244:5P
2239:4P
2229:3P
2224:2P
2219:1P
2118:†
1858:†
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