39:(relative water content of less than or equal to 10%) resulting in cellular collapse occurs when the ability of the plant cell to regulate turgor pressure is compromised by environmental stress. Water continues to diffuse out of the cell after the point of zero turgor pressure, where internal cellular pressure is equal to the external atmospheric pressure, has been reached, generating negative pressure within the cell. That negative pressure pulls the center of the cell inward until the cell wall can no longer withstand the strain. The inward pressure causes the majority of the collapse to occur in the central region of the cell, pushing the organelles within the remaining cytoplasm against the cell walls. Unlike in
110:), aldehyde dehydrogenases, heat shock factors, and other LEA proteins are upregulated after activation to further stabilize cellular structures and function. Composition of the cell wall structure is altered to increase flexibility so folding can take place without irreparably damaging the structure of the cell wall. Sugars are utilized as water substitutes by maintaining hydrogen bonds within the cell membrane. Photosynthesis is shut down to limit production of reactive oxygen species and then eventually all metabolic are drastically reduced, the cell effectively becoming dormant until rehydration.
17:
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stresses associated with desiccation are obstacles that must be overcome in order to maintain desiccation tolerance. Many of the mechanisms utilized for drought tolerance are also utilized for desiccation tolerance, however the terms desiccation tolerance and drought tolerance should not be
58:
is an example of a solute with a high molecular weight that is used to induce cytorrhysis under experimental conditions. Environmental stressors which can lead to occurrences of cytorrhysis in a natural setting include intense drought, freezing temperatures, and pathogens such as the
101:
are maintained at levels within a desiccation resistant species typically only seen during drought stress for desiccation sensitive species, providing a greater protective buffer as inducible mechanisms are activated. Some species also continuously produce
453:
Proctor, Michael C. F. C, Roberto G. Ligrone, and
Jeffrey G. Duckett. "Desiccation Tolerance in the Moss Polytrichum Formosum: Physiological and Fine-structural Changes during Desiccation and Recovery."Annals of Botany 99.1 (2007): 75-93.
75:
Desiccation tolerance refers to the ability of a cell to successfully rehydrate without irreparable damage to the cell wall following severe dehydration. Avoiding cellular damage due to metabolic, mechanical, and
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Many resurrection plants use constitutive and inducible mechanisms to deal with drought and then later desiccation stress. Protective proteins such as cyclophilins, dehydrins, and
241:
Moore, John P.; Vicré-Gibouin, Mäite; Farrant, Jill M.; Driouich, Azeddine (1 October 2008). "Adaptations of higher plant cell walls to water loss: drought vs desiccation".
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Buchner, Othmar; Neuner, Gilbert (3 June 2009). "Freezing cytorrhysis and critical temperature thresholds for photosystem II in the peat moss
Sphagnum capillifolium".
85:, which includes the hornwort, liverwort and moss plant groups but it has also been observed in angiosperms to a lesser extent. Collectively these plants are known as
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and other polyphenols. An increase in the hormone ABA is typically associated with activation of inducible metabolic pathways. Production of sugars (predominantly
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interchanged as the possession of one does not necessarily correlate with possession of the other. High desiccation tolerance is a trait typically observed in
27:
is the permanent and irreparable damage to the cell wall after the complete collapse of a plant cell due to the loss of internal positive pressure (hydraulic
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98:
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394:
Gechev, Tsanko S.; Dinakar, Challabathula; Benina, Maria; Toneva, Valentina; Bartels, Dorothea (2012-07-26).
332:
Hoekstra, F. A.; Golovina, E. A.; Buitink, J. (2001-09-01). "Mechanisms of plant desiccation tolerance".
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where the size of the solutes in the solution inhibit flow through the pores in the cell wall matrix.
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31:). Positive pressure within a plant cell is required to maintain the upright structure of the
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de Jong, Joke C.; McCormack, Barbara J.; Smirnoff, Nicholas; Talbot, Nicholas J. (1997).
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Cytorrhysis of plant cells can be induced in laboratory settings if they are placed in a
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maintains its connections with the cell wall both during and after cellular collapse.
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Plants and
Microclimate: A Quantitative Approach to Environmental Plant Physiology
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139:"3.1.4 - Turgor loss, cytorrhysis, and plasmolysis"
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278:"Glycerol generates turgor in rice blast"
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143:plantsinaction.science.uq.edu.au
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412:10.1007/s00018-012-1088-0
212:10.1007/s00709-009-0053-8
168:Jones, Hamlyn G. (2014).
334:Trends in Plant Science
71:Mechanisms of avoidance
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243:Physiologia Plantarum
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294:1997Natur.389..244D
93:Resurrection plants
87:resurrection plants
61:rice blast fungus (
56:Polyethylene glycol
52:hypertonic solution
63:Magnaporthe grisea
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406:(19): 3175–3186.
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151:. Retrieved
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104:anthocyanins
99:LEA proteins
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24:
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200:Protoplasma
41:plasmolysis
37:Desiccation
25:Cytorrhysis
114:References
83:bryophytes
354:1360-1385
312:205026525
78:oxidative
33:cell wall
465:Category
438:15168972
430:22833170
421:11114980
362:11544133
263:18494857
228:28749980
220:19495938
290:Bibcode
108:sucrose
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282:Nature
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153:3 June
434:S2CID
308:S2CID
224:S2CID
454:Web.
426:PMID
358:PMID
350:ISSN
259:PMID
216:PMID
174:ISBN
155:2016
416:PMC
408:doi
342:doi
298:doi
286:389
251:doi
247:134
208:doi
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
