58:, or the issuer (e.g., French system) holds a record of the ownership of shares usually in electronic format. The dematerialization of securities such as stocks has been a major trend since the late 1960s, with the result that by 2010 the majority of global securities were held in dematerialized form electronically.
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Group in part of the EU, which itself entrusts banks and investment firms to act as intermediaries between issuers and investors for the custody of these securities. Therefore, dematerialized securities are often referred as intermediated securities, in particular by the
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were popular, book-entry systems continued since many small firms could not afford printing secured paper-form securities. These book-entry securities were often held under the control of an attorney who acts as a
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in 2000 BC, it gained new prominence with the advent of computer technology in the late 20th century. Even during the period when
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230:"Summary of responses received in respect of the EU consultation on legal certainty of securities holding and transactions"
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Since the 1960s, dematerialization has affected more and more listed companies in the United States and more recently in
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systems for recording securities have been noted from civilisations as early as
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to certify the existence of the securities, as well as their authenticity.
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Property Rights in
Investment Securities and the Doctrine of Specificity
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Unidroit convention on substantive rules for intermediated securities
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Shift in method for recording the ownership of securities
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101:issued by large firms is mostly undertaken via a
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97:However, the phenomenon of dematerialization of
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66:Although the phenomenon is ancient, since
38:refers to the substitution of paper-form
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50:in which an intermediary, such as a
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21:Dematerialization (disambiguation)
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46:securities. This is a form of
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109:(DTC) in the United States or
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103:Central Securities Depository
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174:"What Is Dematerialization?"
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209:. Springer. p. 41.
203:Erica Johansson (2009).
107:Depository Trust Company
48:indirect holding system
232:, European Commission
128:Direct holding system
276:Securities (finance)
184:on December 22, 2015
154:Stock transfer agent
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260:Categories
178:ICICI Bank
160:References
99:securities
68:book-entry
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111:Euroclear
122:See also
72:Assyria
62:History
28:finance
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81:notary
52:broker
246:(PDF)
211:ISBN
190:2015
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