Dharma - Knowledge

8302:, Motilal Banarsidass, pp. 92–93; Quote – "In Indian literature, especially in Mahabharata over and over again is heard the energetic cry – Each is alone. None belongs to anyone else, we are all but strangers to strangers; (...), none knows the other, the self belongs only to self. Man is born alone, alone he lives, alone he dies, alone he tastes the fruit of his deeds and his ways, it is only his work that bears him company. (...) Our body and spiritual organism is ever changing; what belongs, then, to us? (...) Thus, too, there is really no teacher or leader for anyone, each is his own Guru, and must go along the road to happiness alone. Only the self is the friend of man, only the self is the foe of man; from others nothing comes to him. Therefore, what must be done is to honor, to assert one's self..."; Quote – "(in parts of the epic), the most thoroughgoing egoism and individualism is stressed..." 99: 113: 8399: 8463: 193: 73: 7847:. There is thus no evidence that IIr. *dharman was a significant culture word during the Indo-Iranian period." (p. 449) "The origin of the concept of dharman rests in its formation. It is a Vedic, rather than an Indo-Iranian word, and a more recent coinage than many other key religious terms of the Vedic tradition. Its meaning derives directly from dhr 'support, uphold, give foundation to' and therefore 'foundation' is a reasonable gloss in most of its attestations." (p. 485). 4466:, according to Van Buitenen, is that which all existing beings must accept and respect to sustain harmony and order in the world. It is neither the act nor the result, but the natural laws that guide the act and create the result to prevent chaos in the world. It is innate characteristic, that makes the being what it is. It is, claims Van Buitenen, the pursuit and execution of one's nature and true calling, thus playing one's role in cosmic concert. In Hinduism, it is the 8326:, pp. 44–45; Quote – "(...)In the Epic, free will has the upper hand. Only when a man's effort is frustrated or when he is overcome with grief does he become a predestinarian (believer in destiny)."; Quote – "This association of success with the doctrine of free will or human effort (purusakara) was felt so clearly that among the ways of bringing about a king's downfall is given the following simple advice: 'Belittle free will to him, and emphasise destiny. 5153: 6011: 981:, but also spiritual maturity, a reverential attitude toward life, and includes the right conduct toward one's parents, siblings and children, the right conduct between husband and wife, and the conduct between biologically unrelated people. This rock inscription, concludes Paul Hacker, suggests dharma in India, about 2300 years ago, was a central concept and meant not only religious ideas, but ideas of right, of good, of one's duty toward the human community. 6550: 87: 357: 128: 5734: 6800: 917: 6939: 4401: 57: 676:, such as that which is established or firm, steadfast decree, statute, law, practice, custom, duty, right, justice, virtue, morality, ethics, religion, religious merit, good works, nature, character, quality, property. Yet, each of these definitions is incomplete, while the combination of these translations does not convey the total sense of the word. In common parlance, 1088: 4846:

accepting gifts from others. The five yama apply in action, speech and mind. In explaining yama, Patanjali clarifies that certain professions and situations may require qualification in conduct. For example, a fisherman must injure a fish, but he must attempt to do this with least trauma to fish and the fisherman must try to injure no other creature as he fishes.

5020:, the life of giving away all property, becoming a recluse and devotion to moksa, spiritual matters. Patrick Olivelle suggests that "ashramas represented life choices rather than sequential steps in the life of a single individual" and the vanaprastha stage was added before renunciation over time, thus forming life stages. 5078:

reaches a full circle. A land with less moral and lawful life suffers distress, and as distress rises it causes more immoral and unlawful life, which further increases distress. Those in power must follow the raja dharma (that is, dharma of rulers), because this enables the society and the individual

4845:

The five yamas, according to Patanjali, are: abstain from injury to all living creatures, abstain from falsehood (satya), abstain from unauthorised appropriation of things-of-value from another (acastrapurvaka), abstain from coveting or sexually cheating on your partner, and abstain from expecting or

4489:

means for a Hindu to "expand the mind". Furthermore, it represents the direct connection between the individual and the societal phenomena that bind the society together. In the way societal phenomena affect the conscience of the individual, similarly may the actions of an individual alter the course

4972:

does not require any varnas. In practice, medieval India is widely believed to be a socially stratified society, with each social strata inheriting a profession and being endogamous. Varna was not absolute in Hindu dharma; individuals had the right to renounce and leave their Varna, as well as their

5110:

related literature (sutras, shastras); four of the sutras survive and these are now referred to as Dharmasutras. Along with laws of Manu in Dharmasutras, exist parallel and different compendium of laws, such as the laws of Narada and other ancient scholars. These different and conflicting law books

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as duty or propriety is found in India's ancient legal and religious texts. Common examples of such use are pitri dharma (meaning a person's duty as a father), putra dharma (a person's duty as a son), raj dharma (a person's duty as a king) and so forth. In Hindu philosophy, justice, social harmony,

5115:

in Hinduism. These Dharmasutras include instructions on education of the young, their rites of passage, customs, religious rites and rituals, marital rights and obligations, death and ancestral rites, laws and administration of justice, crimes, punishments, rules and types of evidence, duties of a

4849:

The five niyamas (observances) are cleanliness by eating pure food and removing impure thoughts (such as arrogance or jealousy or pride), contentment in one's means, meditation and silent reflection regardless of circumstances one faces, study and pursuit of historic knowledge, and devotion of all

4645:

focus on continual renewal and realization of a ritual world through adherence to Vedic injunctions. They assert that the ultimate good is essentially inaccessible to perception and can only be understood through language, reflecting confidence in Vedic injunctions and the reality of language as a

822:

for example, where it becomes the cosmic law that links cause and effect through a subject. Dharma, in these ancient texts, also takes a ritual meaning. The ritual is connected to the cosmic, and "dharmani" is equated to ceremonial devotion to the principles that deities used to create order from

7212:

Trommsdorff, Gisela (2012), Development of "agentic" regulation in cultural context: the role of self and world views, Child Development Perspectives, 6(1), pp. 19–26; Quote – "Neglect of one's duties (dharma – sacred duties toward oneself, the family, the community, and humanity) is seen as an

4744:

at the individual level in the Epics of Hinduism; for example, on free will versus destiny, when and why human beings believe in either, the strong and prosperous naturally uphold free will, while those facing grief or frustration naturally lean towards destiny. The Epics of Hinduism illustrate

4716:. The value and appeal of the Mahabharata, according to Ingalls, is not as much in its complex and rushed presentation of metaphysics in the 12th book. Indian metaphysics, he argues, is more eloquently presented in other Sanskrit scriptures. Instead, the appeal of Mahabharata, like 6597:

in Jainism is found in all its key texts. It has a contextual meaning and refers to a number of ideas. In the broadest sense, it means the teachings of the Jinas, or teachings of any competing spiritual school, a supreme path, socio-religious duty, and that which is the highest

5027:

enables the individual to satisfy the striving for stability and order, a life that is lawful and harmonious, the striving to do the right thing, be good, be virtuous, earn religious merit, be helpful to others, interact successfully with society. The other three strivings are

826:

Past the ritual and cosmic sense of dharma that link the current world to mythical universe, the concept extends to an ethical-social sense that links human beings to each other and to other life forms. It is here that dharma as a concept of law emerges in Hinduism.

810:, then deliver and hold order from disorder, harmony from chaos, stability from instability – actions recited in the Veda with the root of word dharma. In hymns composed after the mythological verses, the word dharma takes expanded meaning as a 4736:, which falls between the two extremes, and who, claims Ingalls, symbolically reveals the finest moral qualities of man. The Epics of Hinduism are a symbolic treatise about life, virtues, customs, morals, ethics, law, and other aspects of 641:, English and French. The concept, claims Paul Horsch, has caused exceptional difficulties for modern commentators and translators. For example, while Grassmann's translation of Rig-Veda identifies seven different meanings of dharma, 1013:

in Rig-veda and later literature means illusion, fraud, deception, magic that misleads and creates disorder, thus is contrary to reality, laws and rules that establish order, predictability and harmony. Paul Horsch suggests Ṛta and

715:

designates human behaviours considered necessary for order of things in the universe, principles that prevent chaos, behaviours and action necessary to all life in nature, society, family as well as at the individual level.

4641:, emphasizes "the desire to know dharma" as the central concern, defining dharma as what connects a person with the highest good, always yet to be realized. While some schools associate dharma with post-mortem existence, 5833:

in Pali) particularly as "the dharma", generally means the teachings of the Buddha, commonly known throughout the East as Buddhadharma. It includes especially the discourses on the fundamental principles (such as the

9190: 211:

into English (or other European languages), it is understood as reference to behaviours which are in harmony with the "order and custom" that sustain life; "virtue", or "religious and moral duties". The antonym of

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in Ramayana. Each episode of Ramayana presents life situations and ethical questions in symbolic terms. The issue is debated by the characters, and finally the right prevails over wrong, the good over evil.

834:, in later Vedas, Upanishads, Puranas, and the Epics; the word dharma also plays a central role in the literature of other Indian religions founded later, such as Buddhism and Jainism. According to Brereton, 798:

created the universe from chaos, they hold (dhar-) the earth and sun and stars apart, they support (dhar-) the sky away and distinct from earth, and they stabilise (dhar-) the quaking mountains and plains.

4908:

with the help of one's teacher. Second, observing the behaviour and example of good people. The third source applies when neither one's education nor example exemplary conduct is known. In this case, "

6659:

A right believer should constantly meditate on virtues of dharma, like supreme modesty, in order to protect the Self from all contrary dispositions. He should also cover up the shortcomings of others.

8470: 8468: 8466: 7018:: "In Hinduism, dharma is a fundamental concept, referring to the order and custom which make life and a universe possible, and thus to the behaviours appropriate to the maintenance of that order." 8404: 8402: 194: 8287:

There is considerable amount of literature on dharma-related discussion in Hindu Epics: of Egoism versus Altruism, Individualism versus Social Virtues and Tradition; for examples, see:

5040:– the striving for spiritual meaning, liberation from life-rebirth cycle, self-realisation in this life, and so forth. The four stages are neither independent nor exclusionary in Hindu 8354: 4582:

continues as universal principle of law, order, harmony, and truth. It acts as the regulatory moral principle of the Universe. It is explained as law of righteousness and equated to

6643:) with referring to ten righteous virtues: forbearance, modesty, straightforwardness, purity, truthfulness, self-restraint, austerity, renunciation, non-attachment, and celibacy. 720:

encompasses ideas such as duty, rights, character, vocation, religion, customs and all behaviour considered appropriate, correct or morally upright. For further context, the word

668:

is "dhr̥", which means "to support, hold, or bear". It is the thing that regulates the course of change by not participating in change, but that principle which remains constant.

5067:– moral and lawful life. In times of distress, of drought, of poverty, everything suffers including relations between human beings and the human ability to live according to 5055:

being necessary for individual and society, is dependent on poverty and prosperity in a society, according to Hindu dharma scriptures. For example, according to Adam Bowles,

11320: 483:, with a range of meanings encompassing "something established or firm" (in the literal sense of prods or poles). Figuratively, it means "sustainer" and "supporter" (of 4462:

includes the religious duties, moral rights and duties of each individual, as well as behaviours that enable social order, right conduct, and those that are virtuous.

8692:

Derrett, J. D. M. (1959), "Bhu-bharana, bhu-palana, bhu-bhojana: an Indian conundrum", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, Vol. 22, pp. 108–123.

8312:

Ganeri, J. (2010), A Return to the Self: Indians and Greeks on Life as Art and Philosophical Therapy, Royal Institute of Philosophy supplement, 85(66), pp. 119–135.

6844:

movement in Western culture, which has incorporated certain Sikh beliefs, defines Sikh Dharma broadly as all that constitutes religion, moral duty and way of life.

4786:

Dharma from words one speaks or writes: satya (truth and facts), hitavacana (talking with good intention), priyavacana (gentle, kind talk), svadhyaya (self-study)

4455:

and its parts. It refers to the order and customs which make life and universe possible, and includes behaviours, rituals, rules that govern society, and ethics.

5909:

of Buddhism in which practitioners of Buddhism seek refuge, or that upon which one relies for his or her lasting happiness. The Three Jewels of Buddhism are the

691:

depends on the context, and its meaning has evolved as ideas of Hinduism have developed through history. In the earliest texts and ancient myths of Hinduism,

7336: 7723: 5063:

through water. Waters come from rains, it claims; when rains are abundant there is prosperity on the earth, and this prosperity enables people to follow

4608:); Therefore, when a man speaks the Truth, they say, "He speaks the Dharma"; and if he speaks Dharma, they say, "He speaks the Truth!" For both are one. 626:, as the word has a long and varied history and straddles a complex set of meanings and interpretations. There is no equivalent single-word synonym for 1022:

are also correlative concepts, the former being that which corrupts law and moral life, the later being that which strengthens law and moral life.

7551:

Monier-Williams: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Etymological and Philologically Arranged with Special Reference to Cognate Indo-European Languages

7598:, Volume 32, Issue 5–6, pp. 423–448; Original peer reviewed publication in German: Horsch, Paul, (1967) "Vom Schoepfungsmythos zum Weltgesetz", 5853:

is regarded variably by different Buddhist traditions. Some regard it as an ultimate truth, or as the fount of all things which lie beyond the "

672:, the widely cited resource for definitions and explanation of Sanskrit words and concepts of Hinduism, offers numerous definitions of the word 5215: 245:—the "order and custom" that makes life and universe possible. This includes duties, rights, laws, conduct, virtues and "right way of living". 4789:

Adharma of mind: paradroha (ill will to anyone), paradravyabhipsa (covetousness), nastikya (denial of the existence of morals and religiosity)

8351: 7630:; "...the order and custom which make life and a universe possible, and thus to the behaviours appropriate to the maintenance of that order". 7594:

English translated version by Jarrod Whitaker: Horsch, Paul, (December 2004) "From Creation Myth to World Law: the Early History of Dharma",

4451:

that applies to human beings in solitude, in their interaction with human beings and nature, as well as between inanimate objects, to all of

4712:, who is told he may not enter paradise with such an animal. Yudhishthira refuses to abandon his companion, for which he is then praised by 10914: 10067: 9344:

Conlon, Frank F. (1994). "Hindu revival and Indian womanhood: The image and status of women in the writings of Vishnubawa Brahamachari".

749:

includes and implies many ideas; in common parlance, adharma means that which is against nature, immoral, unethical, wrong or unlawful.

9982: 4964:

texts and Smritis differ from Manusmriti on the nature and structure of Varnas. Yet, other texts question the very existence of varna.

4777:

Adharma of body: hinsa (violence), steya (steal, theft), pratisiddha maithuna (sexual indulgence with someone other than one's partner)

8193: 4720:, lies in its presentation of a series of moral problems and life situations, where there are usually three answers: one answer is of 4977:

of life, in search of moksa. While neither Manusmriti nor succeeding Smritis of Hinduism ever use the word varnadharma (that is, the

1136: 11009: 4989:

with varna system of India. In 6th century India, even Buddhist kings called themselves "protectors of varnasramadharma" – that is,

4916:

in Hinduism, that is the good person reflects and follows what satisfies his heart, his own inner feeling, what he feels driven to.

11295: 4783:

Adharma from words one speaks or writes: mithya (falsehood), parusa (caustic talk), sucana (calumny) and asambaddha (absurd talk)

3308: 1899: 445:(firm, stable). From this, it takes the meaning of "what is established or firm", and hence "law". It is derived from an older 11300: 11274: 10008: 9862: 9711: 9690: 9592: 9460: 9419: 9376: 9258: 9161: 9134: 9107: 9056: 9035: 9010: 8986: 8953: 8890: 8863: 8680: 8619: 8347: 8171: 8048: 8010: 7965: 7868: 7668: 7558: 7501: 7283: 7148: 7609:, Volume 34, Issue 5, pp. 479–496; Original peer reviewed publication in German: Paul Hacker, (1965) "Dharma im Hinduismus" 5016:

or aranyaka, the life of the forest-dweller, transitioning from worldly occupations to reflection and renunciation, and (4)

680:

means "right way of living" and "path of rightness". Dharma also has connotations of order, and when combined with the word

11325: 7014: 3187: 711:, the meaning became refined, richer, and more complex, and the word was applied to diverse contexts. In certain contexts, 4604:

Nothing is higher than dharma. The weak overcomes the stronger by dharma, as over a king. Truly that dharma is the Truth (

11335: 10024: 8274: 6988: 4673:

costs him dearly. In Hindu Epics, the good, morally upright, law-abiding king is referred to as "dharmaraja". Similarly,

955: 921: 569: 561: 4724:, which represents brute force, an individual angle representing materialism, egoism, and self; the second answer is of 4474:

is the need for, the effect of and essence of service and interconnectedness of all life. This includes duties, rights,

8571:

Kane, P.V. (1962), History of Dharmasastra (Ancient and Medieval Religious and Civil Law in India), Volume 1, pp. 2–10.

5951:

Buddhism obtaining ultimate realisation of the dhamma is achieved in three phases; learning, practising and realising.

5764: 5210: 5167: 4431: 4064: 9881: 9805: 9669: 9441: 9080: 8379: 8299: 8233: 7942: 6580: 6534: 6035: 4861:

is an empirical and experiential inquiry for every man and woman, according to some texts of Hinduism. For example,

1018:

are parallel concepts, the former being a cosmic principle, the latter being of moral social sphere; while Māyā and

7343: 4470:

of the bee to make honey, of cow to give milk, of sun to radiate sunshine, of river to flow. In terms of humanity,

98: 10475: 8522:

Thapar, R. (1995), The first millennium BC in northern India, Recent perspectives of early Indian history, 80–141.

6361: 724:

is often used in its place, defined as dharma specifically related to the stage of life one is in. The concept of

10060: 7675: 7634: 4780:

Dharma of body: dana (charity), paritrana (succor of the distressed) and paricarana (rendering service to others)

4773:

is not merely in one's actions, but also in words one speaks or writes, and in thought. According to Vātsyāyana:

3217: 2053: 565: 10115: 5935:

in a specific context in relation to transmission of authentic doctrine, understanding and bodhi; recognised in

10407: 9537: 8159: 7366:

Dhand, Arti (17 December 2002). "The Dharma of Ethics, the Ethics of Dharma: Quizzing the Ideals of Hinduism".

5842:), as opposed to the parables and to the poems. The Buddha's teachings explain that in order to end suffering, 5106:

is a record of these guidelines and rules. The available evidence suggest India once had a large collection of

4700:

is central, and it is presented through symbolism and metaphors. Near the end of the epic, Yama referred to as

1173: 892:, also meaning the "eternal Law" or "religion", is related to Sanskrit "dharma". Ideas in parts overlapping to 7181:, "Chapter 3"; Quote – "Rites of passage are dharma in action."; "Rites of passage, a category of rituals,..." 7122:, 32(5), pp. 671–685; Quote – "virtues enter the general topic of dharma as 'common, or general, dharma', ..." 5879:) that the Buddha gave to various types of people, based upon their individual propensities and capabilities. 4658:, places major emphasis on individual practical morality. In the Sanskrit epics, this concern is omnipresent. 4490:

of the society, for better or for worse. This has been subtly echoed by the credo धर्मो धारयति प्रजा: meaning

11109: 10039: 5693: 5388: 2646: 645:

in his translation of the Rig-Veda employs 20 different translations for dharma, including meanings such as "

377: 178: 9976: 11209: 10808: 9549: 7976:

Northrop, F. S. C. (1949), "Naturalistic and cultural foundations for a more effective international law",

5638: 5413: 5373: 5125: 3197: 3137: 1122: 946:

in ancient India meant spiritual maturity, devotion, piety, duty towards and reverence for human community.

842:; in addition, words related to Dharman also appear in Rig-veda, for example once as dharmakrt, 6 times as 774: 7031:

was retained by the Buddha to refer to phenomena or things. However, he was always careful to define this

1745: 533: 9962: 7733: 5890:

have developed to help explain and to expand upon the Buddha's teachings. For others still, they see the

4669:

morally requires of him, the King agrees and does accordingly even though his compliance with the law of

4367: 4258: 2868: 977:

Scholars of Hellenistic Greece explain eusebeia as a complex concept. Eusebia means not only to venerate

11315: 10688: 8460:; For an English Translation, see Ganganatha Jha (tr.) (1924), Bibliotheca Indica, Work No. 161, Vol. 1. 6781:

to mean motion and to refer to an ontological sub-category is peculiar to Jainism, and not found in the

5032:– the striving for means of life such as food, shelter, power, security, material wealth, and so forth; 309:

indicates the path of righteousness, proper religious practices, and performing one's own moral duties.

10778: 10673: 10053: 9204: 6922:, a Jain text of the post-Sangam period, follows a similar pattern as that of the Kural in emphasizing 4386: 4057: 3961: 2908: 2582: 2267: 1579: 1033:, as the idea developed in ancient India over time in a nonlinear manner. The following verse from the 10633: 10030: 7409: 4876:

do not go around saying, "That is us." Neither do gods, nor gandharvas, nor ancestors declare what is

4826:; the elements of Hindu dharma are the attributes, qualities and aspects of yoga. Patanjali explained 4553:, an epoch or age as established by Hindu tradition and thus may change at the conclusion of its time. 2903: 633:

There have been numerous, conflicting attempts to translate ancient Sanskrit literature with the word

369: 301:(Jina) and the body of doctrine pertaining to the purification and moral transformation of humans. In 10954: 10540: 10110: 8822: 6396: 6314: 6286: 5513: 4655: 4363: 4009: 3127: 2863: 1156: 1141: 457: 228: 5323: 1809: 10594: 10577: 10174: 6529: 5894:

as referring to the "truth", or the ultimate reality of "the way that things really are" (Tibetan:

5518: 5468: 4985:

of varnas and asramas), the scholarly commentary on Manusmriti use these words, and thus associate

4802: 4613: 4597: 3919: 3912: 3891: 3600: 3490: 3462: 3192: 2087: 1874: 967: 10638: 7051:), in an ontological sense, the Buddha utilised the conception of result or consequence or fruit ( 6115: 1849: 1765: 1029:

is a manifestation of Ṛta, but suggests Ṛta may have been subsumed into a more complex concept of

1009:

principle which regulates and coordinates the operation of the universe and everything within it.

10854: 10834: 10524: 10216: 9014: 8585: 8185: 7784: 6896:, a text probably of Jain or Hindu origin, despite being a collection of aphoristic teachings on 5678: 4134: 3347: 3252: 3177: 2363: 2285: 1178: 1146: 31: 17: 7337:"How did the 'Ramayana' and 'Mahabharata' come to be (and what has 'dharma' got to do with it)?" 2325: 11134: 11099: 10535: 10260: 9097: 7954: 7780: 7536: 6436: 5757: 5493: 5478: 5458: 5383: 5378: 5293: 5200: 4424: 4333: 4263: 4099: 3728: 3497: 3157: 2063: 1740: 695:

meant cosmic law, the rules that created the universe from chaos, as well as rituals; in later

642: 10551: 9602:

Horsch, Paul (December 2004). "From Creation Myth to World Law: the Early History of Dharma".

9582: 9070: 8880: 8225: 7858: 11310: 10312: 9972: 9891: 9151: 8976: 8291: 7353: 6573: 5698: 5688: 5643: 4957: 4373: 4351: 4241: 4106: 3679: 3287: 3167: 2575: 2561: 1729: 861: 7404: 6736: 4792:

Dharma of mind: daya (compassion), asprha (disinterestedness), and sraddha (faith in others)

1724: 231:(1500–500 BCE), and its meaning and conceptual scope has evolved over several millennia. In 11330: 10698: 9195: 5839: 5708: 5668: 5663: 5628: 5473: 5353: 5261: 5246: 5190: 5162: 4904:, are: First, learning historical knowledge such as Vedas, Upanishads, the Epics and other 4633: 4359: 4355: 4347: 4236: 3898: 3476: 3446: 3277: 3182: 3078: 2813: 2707: 869: 769: 273: 10354: 8779:

Leave Space for the Practice of Abortion and are Upheld by Contemporary Japanese Buddhist

5023:

The four stages of life complete the four human strivings in life, according to Hinduism.

8: 11044: 10984: 10758: 10332: 10256: 10090: 9945: 7605:

English translated version by Donald R. Davis: Paul Hacker, (2006) "Dharma in Hinduism",

6479: 6030: 5936: 5887: 5806: 5718: 5673: 5611: 5551: 5488: 5433: 5428: 5183: 5172: 5056: 4925: 4905: 4391: 4284: 4120: 3651: 3513: 3257: 3147: 3132: 3038: 2978: 2943: 2428: 2340: 1959: 1618: 1229: 1131: 1102: 277: 119: 10919: 10653: 10179: 9815:

Potter, Karl H. (Apr–Jul 1958). "Dharma and Mokṣa from a Conversational Point of View".

8456:

Kumarila Bhatta, Tantravarttika, Anandasramasamskrtagranthavalih, Vol. 97, pp. 204–205.

6720: 5036:– the striving for sex, desire, pleasure, love, emotional fulfilment, and so forth; and 4627: 2529: 1719: 818:. It evolves into a concept, claims Paul Horsch, that has a dynamic functional sense in 11305: 10558: 10369: 10199: 9911: 9832: 9781: 9738: 9648: 9619: 9566: 9516: 9487: 9332: 9216: 8226:

The Mahābhārata: Vol. 7, Book 11: The Book of Women; Book 12: The Book of Peace, Part 1

7080:) are born with a number of debts, hence through common moral duties prescribed in the 6888: 6025: 5923:, meaning the community of practitioners who provide one another guidance and support. 5703: 5683: 5623: 5618: 5506: 5408: 5401: 5328: 5318: 5225: 4758: 4313: 4299: 4018: 3543: 3439: 3267: 3247: 3242: 3237: 2843: 2609: 2480: 2092: 1978: 1006: 811: 708: 322: 10899: 10569: 10402: 9253:(in Tamil and English) (1st ed.). Chennai: Unique Media Integrators. p. 55. 7154:

Harvey, Mark (1986), The Secular as Sacred?, Modern Asian Studies, 20(2), pp. 321–331.

5846:, or the right thoughts, understanding, actions and livelihood, should be cultivated. 4505: 879:

period. Instead, it was primarily developed more recently under the Vedic tradition.

10949: 10929: 10884: 10753: 10530: 10506: 10499: 10076: 10004: 9877: 9858: 9801: 9785: 9773: 9707: 9686: 9665: 9588: 9533: 9491: 9456: 9437: 9415: 9372: 9336: 9324: 9254: 9220: 9157: 9130: 9103: 9076: 9052: 9031: 9006: 8982: 8949: 8886: 8859: 8800: 8676: 8615: 8375: 8343: 8295: 8237: 8229: 8167: 8044: 8006: 7961: 7938: 7864: 7664: 7554: 7497: 7383: 7279: 7144: 6914: 6853: 6833: 6692: 6265: 6209: 6204: 6145: 6133: 6065: 5920: 5914: 5835: 5750: 5648: 5633: 5438: 5313: 5256: 5220: 5205: 5136: 4589: 4417: 4323: 4292: 4248: 3905: 3856: 3791: 3550: 3536: 3282: 3207: 3028: 2988: 2983: 2973: 2818: 2514: 2448: 2043: 1780: 1071: 599: 340: 208: 187: 173: 11214: 10249: 6712: 6160: 4929: 2888: 2300: 1587: 250: 11154: 10788: 10723: 10511: 10445: 10374: 10155: 10147: 9998: 9936: 9932: 9903: 9824: 9793: 9763: 9730: 9640: 9611: 9558: 9508: 9479: 9398: 9353: 9316: 9208: 8792: 8069: 7540: 7375: 7257: 6816: 6609: 6566: 6489: 6474: 6464: 6368: 6095: 6080: 6075: 6070: 5994: 5985: 5886:, but also to the later traditions of interpretation and addition that the various 5713: 5658: 5588: 5578: 5443: 4199: 4161: 4141: 4092: 4041: 3940: 3735: 3721: 3672: 3615: 3162: 2823: 2742: 2493: 2413: 2038: 1464: 1318: 1215: 963: 603: 573: 403: 389: 291: 200: 149: 10733: 9768: 9751: 9483: 8374:

Klostermaier, Klaus. Chapter 3: "Hindu dharma", A survey of Hinduism, SUNY Press,

7820:

P. Thieme, Gedichte aus dem Rig-Veda, Reclam Universal-Bibliothek Nr. 8930, p. 52.

7237: 3577: 112: 11104: 10974: 10849: 10748: 10424: 10342: 10317: 10239: 9701: 9680: 9578: 9366: 9124: 8943: 8853: 8358: 8270: 7906: 6950:

to Indian civilization is illustrated by India's decision in 1947 to include the

6554: 6469: 6338: 6324: 6047: 5738: 5653: 5453: 5363: 5308: 4997: 4974: 4762: 4536: 4516: 4405: 4328: 4276: 4085: 3989: 3933: 3870: 3686: 3587: 3483: 3232: 3212: 3083: 2958: 2938: 2858: 2554: 2540: 2438: 2418: 2381: 1973: 1968: 1695: 1574: 1538: 1483: 1478: 1305: 864:

parallels for "dharma" are known, but the only Iranian equivalent is Old Persian

638: 30:

This article is about the concept found in Indian religions. For other uses, see

11194: 10265: 5303: 2102: 1854: 1555: 11179: 11129: 11119: 10768: 10663: 10545: 10488: 10458: 10327: 10100: 10035: 9451:

Flood, Gavin (1998). "Chapter 2, Making moral decisions". In Paul Bowen (ed.).

9126:

Hinduism and the Ethics of Warfare in South Asia: From Antiquity to the Present

8796: 7600:

Asiatische Studien: Zeitschrift der Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für Asiankunde

7209:, 25(2), pp. 161–173; Quote – "Dharma pointed to duty, and specified duties.."; 6883: 6741:), the latter consisting of five categories: inert non-sentient atomic matter ( 6403: 6389: 6375: 6354: 6219: 6165: 6105: 6060: 5867:). Others, who regard the Buddha as simply an enlightened human being, see the 5598: 5528: 5483: 5341: 4901: 4318: 4127: 3975: 3626: 3520: 3469: 3272: 3098: 3018: 2968: 2953: 2918: 2873: 2775: 2547: 2408: 2290: 2239: 2224: 2204: 2168: 2097: 1879: 1834: 1785: 1543: 1168: 970:, on the rock appears a Greek rendering for the Sanskrit word dharma: the word 959: 905: 889: 757: 501: 446: 317: 11164: 10349: 10280: 9615: 9562: 9357: 9320: 9212: 9191:"Corruption and Redemption: The Legend of Valluvar and Tamil Literary History" 6382: 1925: 1705: 1636: 1151: 27:

Key concept in Indian philosophy and Eastern religions, with multiple meanings

11289: 10628: 10601: 10464: 10451: 10438: 10392: 10337: 9777: 9402: 9386: 9328: 7387: 7136: 6951: 6249: 6214: 6179: 6020: 5932: 5786: 5423: 5418: 5358: 5103: 4729: 4631:, developed through commentaries on its foundational texts, particularly the 3982: 3947: 3884: 3830: 3823: 3784: 3777: 3714: 3707: 3700: 3693: 3665: 3609: 3227: 3172: 3152: 3142: 3122: 3093: 3003: 2798: 2793: 2783: 2732: 2654: 2568: 2401: 2350: 2249: 2184: 2023: 1790: 1244: 978: 951: 925: 876: 815: 803: 544: 484: 381: 265: 10206: 9750:

Kumar, Shailendra; Choudhury, Sanghamitra (2021) . Meissner, Richard (ed.).

9530:

A Concise Dictionary of Indian Philosophy: Sanskrit Terms Defined in English

7839:(cf. Wennerberg 1981: 95f.), but the only Iranian equivalent is Old Persian 7379: 6750: 6347: 5563: 5368: 2963: 2727: 1935: 1930: 72: 11174: 11074: 11059: 10793: 10623: 10431: 10364: 10244: 10224: 10105: 8804: 8339: 8277:

from the original on Jan 13, 2024 – via Internet Sacred Text Archive.

7118:

Fitzgerald, James (2004), "Dharma and its Translation in the Mahābhārata",

6956: 6524: 6254: 6224: 6085: 6055: 5906: 5854: 5463: 5348: 5266: 5152: 5005: 4725: 4709: 3954: 3863: 3770: 3763: 3756: 3742: 3400: 3222: 3058: 3053: 3013: 2923: 2913: 2883: 2853: 2788: 2692: 2614: 2345: 2310: 2234: 2209: 2138: 1988: 1839: 1631: 1626: 1525: 1512: 1507: 661:

in English, and is included in all modern unabridged English dictionaries.

134: 10194: 9853:

Rocher, Ludo (2003). "Chapter 4, The Dharmasastra". In Gavin Flood (ed.).

8582:

The Asrama System: The history and hermeneutics of a religious institution

7659:

Johannes Heesterman (1978). "Veda and Dharma", in W. D. O'Flaherty (ed.),

6650: 6644: 2163: 510: 477: 11254: 11144: 11124: 10894: 10718: 10678: 10668: 10470: 10285: 10169: 9499:

Goodwin, William F. (Jan 1955). "Ethics and Value in Indian Philosophy".

9429: 8972: 8758: 8745:

Lariviere, Richard W. (2003), The Naradasmrti, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass

8531:

Trautmann, Thomas R. (Jul 1964), "On the Translation of the Term Varna",

8241: 6782: 6514: 6410: 6296: 6244: 6100: 5863: 5533: 5013: 4938:

for society and at the individual level. Of these, the most cited one is

4694: 4542: 4025: 3749: 3642: 3572: 3385: 3339: 3300: 3202: 3043: 3033: 2898: 2767: 2757: 2626: 2621: 2524: 2423: 2315: 2305: 2275: 2244: 2153: 1920: 1734: 1657: 1649: 1451: 1220: 929: 819: 505: 298: 11089: 9623: 9570: 5017: 1049:

O Indra, lead us on the path of Rta, on the right path over all evils...

11204: 11184: 11094: 11049: 11024: 10964: 10959: 10909: 10829: 10803: 10738: 10564: 10517: 10322: 10270: 9915: 9836: 9752:"Ancient Vedic Literature and Human Rights: Resonances and Dissonances" 9742: 9652: 9520: 6978: 6859: 6709:(substance or a reality). In the Jain tradition, existence consists of 6446: 6441: 6291: 6281: 6276: 6184: 6155: 6110: 5910: 5883: 5794: 5538: 5298: 5195: 4940: 4850:

actions to the Supreme Teacher to achieve perfection of concentration.

4575: 4071: 4032: 3996: 3877: 3816: 3423: 3415: 3326: 3103: 2878: 2833: 2687: 2677: 2443: 2391: 2320: 2229: 2158: 2148: 2143: 1915: 1690: 1667: 1662: 1391: 1191: 1054: 700: 517: 10494: 6703:

and soteriological meaning in Jainism, as a part of its theory of six

6010: 5012:, the life of the householder with family and other social roles, (3) 11229: 11064: 10889: 10864: 10783: 10743: 10728: 10683: 10481: 10275: 8701: 8072:". Encyclopædia Britannica, 18 Jun. 2009. Accessed 14 September 2021. 7205:

Creel, Austin (1975), "The Reexamination of Dharma in Hindu Ethics",

6973: 6919: 6614: 6519: 6509: 6484: 6319: 6271: 6150: 5958: 5948: 5814: 5583: 5558: 5088: 5009: 4909: 4862: 4823: 4732:, social virtue, and tradition; the third answer is of introspective 4686: 4578:

and later ancient scripts of Hinduism. In Upanishads, the concept of

4522: 4181: 4113: 4050: 3968: 3800: 3371: 3331: 3262: 3108: 3073: 3023: 2993: 2928: 2848: 2752: 2722: 2702: 2386: 2330: 2295: 2280: 2199: 2194: 2176: 1502: 1416: 1347: 1286: 1010: 875:, suggesting that the word "dharma" did not play a major role in the 830:

Dharma and related words are found in the oldest Vedic literature of

756:

incorporates the teachings and doctrines of the founder of Buddhism,

653:", "custom", "quality", and "model", among others. However, the word 356: 287: 10229: 10045: 9907: 9828: 9734: 9644: 9512: 9047:

Dusenbery, Verne (2014), in Pashaura Singh, Louis E. Fenech (eds.),

4948:, their rights and duties. Most texts of Hinduism, however, discuss 1983: 584: 577: 11224: 11114: 11054: 11004: 10999: 10844: 10839: 10798: 10763: 10713: 10648: 10643: 10397: 10234: 9964:

Sanatana Dharma: an advanced text book of Hindu religion and Ethics

9304: 9001:

Rinehart, Robin (2014), in Pashaura Singh, Louis E. Fenech (eds.),

7933:

Holdrege, Barbara (2004), "Dharma" in: Mittal & Thursby (eds.)

6942:

The wheel in the centre of India's flag symbolises Ashoka's dhamma.

6700: 6549: 6259: 5593: 5573: 5568: 5448: 5144: 4717: 4662: 4448: 4253: 3809: 3635: 3592: 3559: 3410: 3405: 3378: 3088: 3068: 2998: 2948: 2828: 2717: 2633: 2604: 2599: 2468: 2458: 2355: 2335: 2259: 2254: 2219: 1889: 1869: 1829: 1795: 1775: 1755: 1641: 1517: 1252: 1210: 1205: 1079: 971: 938: 831: 658: 611: 607: 556: 497: 427: 373: 257: 232: 11234: 9721:

Koller, J. M. (1972). "Dharma: an expression of universal order".

9248: 8732:

Davis, Donald Jr. (September 2006) "A Realist View of Hindu Law",

6728: 5074:

In Rajadharmaparvan 91.34-8, the relationship between poverty and

4494:

is that which holds and provides support to the social construct.

3316: 86: 11244: 11239: 11219: 11159: 11149: 11139: 11079: 11029: 11019: 10944: 10934: 10924: 10869: 10703: 10583: 10307: 10184: 10159: 10095: 9472:

International Journal of the Philosophical Traditions of the East

9267: 9170: 9026:

Cole, W. Owen (2014), in Pashaura Singh, Louis E. Fenech (eds.),

8506: 8504: 8502: 8500: 8498: 6832:) means the path of righteousness and proper religious practice. 6794: 6002: 5872: 5273: 4638: 4186: 4176: 3926: 3847: 3839: 3656: 3582: 3567: 3364: 3063: 3008: 2747: 2697: 2667: 2662: 2534: 2509: 2396: 2028: 1907: 1884: 1859: 1770: 1760: 1569: 1533: 1421: 1406: 1401: 1337: 1332: 1296: 1291: 1278: 1034: 1002: 839: 795: 791: 783: 737: 704: 619: 615: 521: 468: 361: 302: 241: 217: 10969: 9923:

Widgery, Alban G. (Jan 1930). "The Principles of Hindu Ethics".

8945:

Open Boundaries: Jain Communities and Cultures in Indian History

8305:

Piper, Raymond F. (1954), "In Support of Altruism in Hinduism",

7151:; Quote – "Yoga is a dharmic approach to the spiritual life..."; 6938: 6799: 6758: 4919: 4222: 2073: 2068: 1894: 916: 326:, despite being a collection of aphoristic teachings on dharma ( 249:

is believed to have a transtemporal validity, and is one of the

11249: 11199: 11189: 11084: 11069: 10989: 10939: 10879: 10874: 10859: 10824: 10773: 10693: 10359: 10189: 10130: 10000:

Dharma: Studies in Its Semantic, Cultural and Religious History

8882:

Makers of Modern Indian Religion in the Late Nineteenth Century

6680: 6431: 6090: 5919:, meaning the teachings and the methods of the Buddha, and the 5805:) of the Buddha's teachings is then comprehended as Dharma. In 5733: 5288: 5283: 5278: 4965: 4838: 4733: 4479: 4456: 4452: 4191: 4005: 3321: 3048: 2933: 2838: 2808: 2803: 2737: 2712: 2501: 2371: 2214: 2189: 2128: 2013: 2008: 1998: 1940: 1864: 1824: 1819: 1750: 1675: 1610: 1497: 1441: 1426: 1372: 1352: 1265: 1260: 1097: 741:(Sanskrit: अधर्म), meaning that which is "not dharma". As with 547: 489: 385: 312:

As with the other components of the Puruṣārtha, the concept of

127: 63: 38: 9470:

Fritzman, J.M. (2015). "The Bhagavadgītā, Sen, and Anderson".

9251:

Why Should Thirukkural Be Declared the National Book of India?

8704:, "Ancient Indian Kingship from the Religious Point of View", 8612:

The strides of Vishnu: Hindu culture in historical perspective

8495: 7611:

Zeitschrift für Missionswissenschaft und Religionswissenschaft

5111:

are neither exclusive, nor do they supersede other sources of

786:, as an adjective or noun. According to Paul Horsch, the word 622:. It is difficult to provide a single concise definition for 56: 11264: 11259: 11169: 11039: 10994: 10904: 10708: 10658: 10607: 10588: 10164: 10125: 8775:

Brown, Hannah Jean (2019). "Key Tenets of Classical Buddhist

8395:. 2 vols. Translated by Ganganatha Jha. Oriental Books. 1939. 7704: 7702: 7652:

Albrecht Wezler, "Dharma in the Veda and the Dharmaśāstras",

7193:; Quote – "Hindu stages of life approach (ashrama dharma)..." 6983: 6863: 5782: 5523: 5037: 5029: 4832: 4721: 4584: 4571: 4208: 4078: 3843: 3355: 2893: 2762: 2672: 2519: 2473: 2453: 2133: 2118: 2058: 2048: 2033: 2018: 1993: 1844: 1814: 1700: 1600: 1431: 1396: 1367: 1362: 1357: 1342: 1270: 884: 807: 696: 8851: 8485: 8483: 8271:"The Mahabharata, Book 17: Mahaprasthanika Parva: Section 3" 7917: 7915: 5875:

of the "84,000 different aspects of the teaching" (Tibetan:

412: 239:

denotes behaviours that are considered to be in accord with

158: 11269: 11034: 11014: 10120: 8253: 8251: 8249: 8114: 8020: 8018: 7860:

The Religion Toolkit: A Complete Guide to Religious Studies

7077: 6867: 6808: 5033: 4819: 4682: 4678: 4550: 2682: 2463: 2433: 2376: 2123: 2110: 2003: 1605: 1446: 1436: 1411: 1377: 1327: 1309: 901: 650: 560:(εὐσέβεια, piety, spiritual maturity, or godliness) in the 525: 418: 164: 9631:

Ingalls, Daniel H. H. (Apr–Jul 1957). "Dharma and Moksa".

9368:

Jains in the World: Religious Values and Ideology in India

9238:(2nd ed.). Chennai: University of Madras. p. 82. 7779:

RgVeda 6.70.1, 8.41.10, 10.44.8, for secondary source see

7699: 7424: 4769:

by contrasting it with adharma. Vātsyāyana suggested that

9584:

Dharma: Its Early History in Law, Religion, and Narrative

8816: 8814: 8480: 8138: 7912: 7802: 7790: 7517: 7515: 7513: 7511: 7509: 6841: 4705: 4475: 954:

from the year 258 BCE was discovered in Afghanistan, the

897: 646: 461: 9389:(2004). "Hindu bioethics for the twenty-first century". 9072:

The Smile of Murugan: On Tamil Literature of South India

8533:

Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient

8438: 8426: 8414: 8246: 8104: 8102: 8015: 4996:

At the individual level, some texts of Hinduism outline

9412:

The Conception of Punishment in Early Indian Literature

8899: 8855:

The World's Religions: Continuities and Transformations

8087: 4665:, for example, when a peasant asks the King to do what 1550: 1087: 868:, meaning "remedy". This meaning is different from the 9432:(1994). "Hinduism". In Jean Holm; John Bowker (eds.). 8948:. State University of New York Press. pp. 10–11. 8811: 8164:

The Mukhya Upanishads: Books of Hidden Wisdom, Kshetra

7506: 7292: 5913:, meaning the mind's perfection of enlightenment, the 4968:, in the Epics, for example, presents the theory that 4752: 950:

In the mid-20th century, an inscription of the Indian

456:, with a literal meaning of "bearer, supporter", in a 9391:

JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association

8206: 8099: 7890: 7888: 7886: 7884: 7882: 7880: 7476: 7474: 7472: 7470: 7468: 7466: 7464: 7462: 6827: 896:

are found in other ancient cultures: such as Chinese

782:

appears at least fifty-six times in the hymns of the

11321:

Words and phrases with no direct English translation

9848:. Chennai: International Institute of Tamil Studies. 9242: 8673:

Dharma, Disorder, and the Political in Ancient India

8126: 8075: 7983: 7687: 7566: 7317: 7305: 7141:

Yoga and Ayurveda: Self-Healing and Self-Realization

4896:

In other texts, three sources and means to discover

4677:

is at the centre of all major events in the life of

409: 155: 9547:Hacker, Paul (October 2006). "Dharma in Hinduism". 9249:Velusamy, N.; Faraday, Moses Michael, eds. (2017). 9099:

Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Sasay to Zorgot

8911: 8833: 8591: 8043:, 6th ed. (2013), Columbia University Press, Gale, 8005:, 6th ed. (2013), Columbia University Press, Gale, 7909:, Bibliothèque du Museon 43, Louvain, 1958, p. 249. 7843:, 'remedy', which has little bearing on Indo-Aryan 7783:, Der Rigveda in Auswahl (2 vols.), Stuttgart; and 4535:Sadharana dharma, moral duties irrespective of the 790:has its origin in Vedic Hinduism. The hymns of the 415: 406: 161: 152: 9843: 9273: 9176: 9149: 9102:. Sahitya Akademi. pp. 4333–4334, 4341–4342. 8923: 7877: 7656:, December 2004, Volume 32, Issue 5–6, pp. 629–654 7459: 7165:Jackson, Bernard S. (1975), "From dharma to law", 4704:in the text, is portrayed as taking the form of a 554:into Greek and Aramaic and he used the Greek word 8967: 8965: 8192:, Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, 199:) is a key concept with multiple meanings in the 11287: 9978:A History of Indian Philosophy: Indian Pluralism 9129:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 144–154. 7242:The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions 7084:would help to repay one's debts to the humanity. 5968:Patipatti – putting the theory into practice and 5965:as contained within the suttas of the Pali canon 9993:, Vol. XXI, No. 1, Spring 1966, pp. 84–87. 9610:(5–6). Translated by Jarrod Whitaker: 423–448. 9068: 8829:. Translated by Thanissaro Bhikkhu. p. 33. 8820: 8614:. Oxford: Oxford University press. p. 87. 5975:or through experience realises the truth of it. 4900:in Hinduism are described. These, according to 814:principle and appears in verses independent of 9989:Murthy, K. Krishna. "Dharma – Its Etymology." 9749: 9703:Acharya Amritchandra's Purushartha Siddhyupaya 9182: 8962: 8753: 8751: 8120: 7708: 7676:Practitioners of Hindu Law: Ancient and Modern 6776: 6770: 6764: 6756: 6748: 6742: 6734: 6726: 6718: 6710: 6704: 6686: 6618: 6599: 4981:of varnas), or varnasramadharma (that is, the 4796: 728:is believed to have a transtemporal validity. 10061: 9557:(5). Translated by Donald R. Davis: 479–496. 9414:. Ontario: Wilfrid Laurier University Press. 9227: 8667: 8665: 8663: 8393:Gautama's Nyāyasūtras, with Vātsyāyana-Bhāṣya 8188:, in Zalta, Edward N.; Nodelman, Uri (eds.), 7231: 7229: 7227: 7225: 7223: 7221: 7169:, Vol. 23, No. 3 (Summer, 1975), pp. 490–512. 7039:) ... In order to distinguish this notion of 7008: 7006: 7004: 6862:and post-Sangam period, many of which are of 6785:of Buddhism and various schools of Hinduism. 6574: 5882:Dharma refers not only to the sayings of the 5758: 4920:Dharma, life stages and social stratification 4566:of this article discusses the development of 4425: 684:, it can also be described as eternal truth. 598:Dharma is a concept of central importance in 9890: 9798:Dharmasūtras: The Law Codes of Ancient India 9664:. Continuum International Publishing Group. 9122: 8995: 8551: 8024: 7856: 7828: 7826: 7765: 7430: 7112: 5098:and happiness requires that people live per 5008:, the life of preparation as a student, (2) 9577: 9287:International Journal of Constitutional Law 8981:(2nd ed.). Routledge. pp. 93–95. 8971: 8748: 8510: 7958:Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary 7737:Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary 7542:Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary 7349: 6624: 5793:) latter came to refer to the teachings of 4515:Varṇ āśramā dharma, one's duty at specific 4508:, the eternal and unchanging principals of 989:The evolving literature of Hinduism linked 670:Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary 487:). It is semantically similar to the Greek 10068: 10054: 9346:South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies 9095: 8708:, Vol. 3, Issue 1 (Jan., 1956), pp. 36–71. 8660: 8309:, Vol. 22, No. 3 (Jul., 1954), pp. 178–183 7218: 7043:from the Indian conception where the term 7001: 6912:), is completely and exclusively based on 6581: 6567: 5765: 5751: 4654:The Hindu religion and philosophy, claims 4557: 4432: 4418: 338:), is completely and exclusively based on 9767: 9236:First All India Tirukkural Seminar Papers 9188: 9075:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 156–171. 8675:, Brill's Indological Library (Book 28), 8633: 8631: 8609: 8370: 8368: 8366: 7823: 5861:) and the "wheel of becoming" (Sanskrit: 5079:to follow dharma and achieve prosperity. 9996: 9971: 9792: 9469: 9302: 9233: 8885:. Oxford University Press. p. 124. 8474: 8093: 7835:; "There are Indo-European parallels to 7832: 7323: 7076:is based on the idea that, individuals ( 7059:) to bring out the pragmatic meaning of 6937: 6798: 5825:For practising Buddhists, references to 4525:, one's own individual or personal duty. 915: 536:and dialects it alternatively occurs as 355: 9967:. Central Hindu College, Benaras. 1904. 9922: 9630: 9498: 9059:, Oxford University Press, pp. 560–568. 8852:Clarke, Peter B.; Beyer, Peter (2009). 8763:The New Concise Pali English Dictionary 8717: 8652: 8597: 8342:(2009) The World Religions, HarperOne, 8323: 8257: 8212: 8190:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 8155: 8153: 7587: 7585: 7583: 7581: 7496:(German Edition), Motilal Banarsidass, 7451: 7253: 7251: 7167:The American Journal of Comparative Law 7027:David Kalupahana: "The old Indian term 6847: 3309:Sources and classification of scripture 984: 14: 11288: 9852: 9814: 9720: 9659: 9601: 9546: 9532:. State University of New York Press. 9527: 9385: 9343: 8878: 8646: 8640: 8628: 8557: 8489: 8363: 8183: 8174:, p. 481, for discussion: pp. 478–505. 8144: 8132: 8108: 8081: 8030: 7921: 7894: 7863:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 324. 7808: 7796: 7759: 7739:, University of Koeln, Germany (2009). 7693: 7627: 7572: 7480: 7445: 7235: 7190: 6964:"), as the central motif on its flag. 5781:as "cosmic law", as in the working of 5059:11.1.6.24 links social prosperity and 4812:is real; in the Vedanta it is unreal. 4532:prescribed at the time of adversities. 911: 10075: 10049: 9943: 9871: 9450: 9428: 8858:. Taylor & Francis. p. 325. 8774: 8718:Gächter, Othmar (1998). "Anthropos". 8444: 8432: 8420: 8408: 8054: 7857:Morreall, John; Sonn, Tamara (2011). 7753: 7521: 7399: 7397: 7365: 7273: 7178: 5942: 5820: 5047: 4621: 1936:Anupalabdi (non-perception, negation) 1931:Arthāpatti (postulation, presumption) 186: 9894:(Apr–Jul 1957). "Dharma and Moksa". 9699: 9678: 9364: 9156:. Abhinav Publications. p. 13. 8941: 8929: 8917: 8905: 8839: 8150: 7578: 7436: 7248: 7015:Oxford Dictionary of World Religions 6933: 5971:Pativedha – when one penetrates the 5000:, or stages of life as individual's 4574:. This development continued in the 4501:generally includes various aspects: 578: 9855:The Blackwell Companion to Hinduism 9409: 9303:Brereton, Joel P. (December 2004). 9049:The Oxford Handbook of Sikh Studies 9028:The Oxford Handbook of Sikh Studies 9003:The Oxford Handbook of Sikh Studies 7989: 7311: 7035:as "dependently arisen phenomena" ( 6989:List of Hindu empires and dynasties 6874:. Most of these texts are based on 4753:According to 4th-century Vatsyayana 4740:. There is extensive discussion of 956:Kandahar Bilingual Rock Inscription 932:. The inscription renders the word 922:Kandahar Bilingual Rock Inscription 570:Kandahar Bilingual Rock Inscription 562:Kandahar Bilingual Rock Inscription 24: 10040:Dharma Is Not The Same As Religion 9955: 9844:Purnalingam Pillai, M. S. (2015). 9038:, Oxford University Press, p. 254. 8671:Bowles, Adam (2007), "Chapter 3", 7394: 7021: 5216:Decline in the Indian subcontinent 5211:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism 25: 11347: 10018: 9682:Acharya Umasvami's Tattvārthsūtra 7661:The Concept of Duty in South Asia 7300:Chambers Dictionary of Etymology 5082: 993:to two other important concepts: 958:. This rock inscription contains 9587:. Oxford University Press, USA. 9279: 9189:Blackburn, Stuart (April 2000). 9143: 9116: 9089: 9062: 9041: 9020: 8827:: Good Dhamma is of three sorts" 7276:Longman Pronunciation Dictionary 7262:The Philosophy of the Middle Way 6672: 6548: 6009: 5961:– the learning of the theory of 5926: 5877:chos-sgo brgyad-khri bzhi strong 5777:Buddhism held the Hindu view of 5732: 5151: 4399: 1086: 823:disorder, the world from chaos. 493:("fixed decree, statute, law"). 402: 148: 126: 111: 97: 85: 71: 55: 11296:Buddhist philosophical concepts 9925:International Journal of Ethics 8935: 8872: 8845: 8821:Lee Dhammadharo, Ajaan (1994). 8768: 8739: 8726: 8711: 8695: 8686: 8603: 8574: 8565: 8542: 8525: 8516: 8450: 8385: 8333: 8317: 8281: 8263: 8228:. University of Chicago Press. 8218: 8196:from the original on 8 Jul 2024 8177: 8062: 7995: 7970: 7948: 7927: 7900: 7850: 7814: 7773: 7744: 7714: 7643: 7635:Britannica Concise Encyclopedia 7618: 7527: 7486: 7359: 7329: 7267: 7066: 4934:Some texts of Hinduism outline 4761:, 4th-century CE Hindu scholar 4649: 10408:Progressive utilization theory 9944:Woods, James Haughton (1914). 9937:10.1086/intejethi.40.2.2377977 8785:Journal of Religion and Health 8736:. Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 287–313. 8352:Background to Hindu Literature 8184:Arnold, Daniel (Summer 2024), 7553:, Asian Educational Services, 7196: 7184: 7172: 7159: 7127: 7103: 6840:as duty and moral values. The 4993:of varna and asramas of life. 4447:is an organising principle in 1174:Epic-Puranic royal genealogies 606:. It has multiple meanings in 133:Duties, such as learning from 13: 1: 9769:10.1080/23311886.2020.1858562 9484:10.1080/09552367.2015.1102693 9453:Themes and issues in Hinduism 8307:Journal of Bible and Religion 7756:, pp. 30–54 and 151–152; 7674:K. L. Seshagiri Rao (1997), " 7298:Barnhart, R. K. (ed.) (1998) 7244:– via Encyclopedia.com. 7236:Bowker, John (June 8, 2018). 7091: 4230:Other society-related topics: 1926:Upamāṇa (comparison, analogy) 657:has become a widely accepted 593: 534:contemporary Indian languages 282: 11301:Hindu philosophical concepts 9947:The yoga-system of Patanjali 9604:Journal of Indian Philosophy 9550:Journal of Indian Philosophy 9309:Journal of Indian Philosophy 9296: 8292:Sexual life in ancient India 8290:Meyer, Johann Jakob (1989), 8224:Fitzgerald, James L. (2004) 7654:Journal of Indian Philosophy 7607:Journal of Indian Philosophy 7596:Journal of Indian Philosophy 7120:Journal of Indian philosophy 7096: 5414:Buddhist Paths to liberation 5126:Buddhist paths to liberation 4596:, truth), in hymn 1.4.14 of 4563: 4341:Hinduism and other religions 3138:Chandrashekarendra Saraswati 585: 351: 104:Rituals and rites of passage 7: 11326:Jain philosophical concepts 10027:(archived 28 February 2010) 9950:. Harvard University Press. 9800:. Oxford University Press. 9371:. Oxford University Press. 9150:Iraianban, Swamiji (1997). 8823:"What is the Triple Gem? – 7728:Sanskrit-English Dictionary 7682:, Volume 66, pp. 1185–1199. 7368:Journal of Religious Ethics 6967: 6828: 6651: 6649:, author of the Jain text, 6645: 6390:Uttaradhyayana (Śvetāmbara) 6166:Aparigraha (non-possession) 5119: 5116:king, as well as morality. 4944:, which describes the four 4797:According to Patanjali Yoga 4482:and "right way of living". 4086:Kamba Ramayanam/Ramavataram 4058:Naalayira Divya Prabandham 1791:Arishadvargas (six enemies) 1735:Antaḥkaraṇa (mental organs) 1730:Sūkṣma śarīra (subtle body) 1062: 543:In the 3rd century BCE the 511: 478: 316:is pan-Indian. The ancient 297:refers to the teachings of 10: 11352: 11336:Sanskrit words and phrases 9997:Olivelle, Patrick (2009). 9983:Cambridge University Press 9205:Cambridge University Press 8797:10.1007/s10943-019-00763-4 8330:" (Mahabharata 12.106.20). 8121:Kumar & Choudhury 2021 7709:Kumar & Choudhury 2021 6851: 6792: 6788: 6769:), and principle of rest ( 6678: 6376:Dravyasamgraha (Digambara) 6355:Pravachanasara (Digambara) 5983: 5979: 5123: 5086: 4923: 4853: 4728:, which appeals to piety, 4708:to test the compassion of 4661:In the Second Book of the 3962:Naalayira Divya Prabandham 2647:Gurus, sants, philosophers 2583:Akshar Purushottam Darshan 1771:Uparati (self-settledness) 1005:in Vedas is the truth and 763: 460:conceived as an aspect of 441:, and is related to Latin 384:, as inscribed by Emperor 36: 29: 10817: 10616: 10416: 10385: 10300: 10215: 10146: 10139: 10083: 10031:Buddhism A–Z: "D" Entries 9616:10.1007/s10781-004-8628-3 9563:10.1007/s10781-006-9002-4 9358:10.1080/00856409408723205 9321:10.1007/s10781-004-8631-8 9213:10.1017/S0026749X00003632 8610:Glucklich, Ariel (2008). 8041:The Columbia Encyclopedia 8003:The Columbia Encyclopedia 7278:(3rd ed.). Longman. 7213:indicator of immaturity." 7037:paticca-samuppanna-dhamma 6820: 6696: 4593: 3128:Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati 1786:Samadhana (concentration) 1650:Three paths to liberation 1157:Tribal religions in India 1142:Historical Vedic religion 1137:Indus Valley Civilisation 928:in 258 BCE, and found in 471:, the word appears as an 229:historical Vedic religion 203:, among others. The term 177: 10595:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali 9896:Philosophy East and West 9817:Philosophy East and West 9723:Philosophy East and West 9660:Jacobs, Stephen (2010). 9633:Philosophy East and West 9528:Grimes, John A. (1996). 9501:Philosophy East and West 9410:Day, Terence P. (1982). 9403:10.1001/jama.291.22.2759 9069:Zvelebil, Kamil (1973). 7539:Monier Monier-Williams, 7264:. SUNY Press, pp. 15–16. 7207:Philosophy East and West 6994: 6763:), principle of motion ( 6530:Parasparopagraho Jivanam 6383:Kalpa Sūtra (Śvetāmbara) 6173:Anuvratas (further vows) 4614:Brihadaranyaka Upanishad 1962:, sacrifice, and charity 687:The meaning of the word 508:, the stem is thematic: 78:Yoga, personal behaviour 37:Not to be confused with 10525:Samkhyapravachana Sutra 10025:India Glossary – Dharma 9700:Jain, Vijay K. (2012). 9679:Jain, Vijay K. (2011). 9305:"Dhárman In The Rgveda" 9274:Purnalingam Pillai 2015 9177:Purnalingam Pillai 2015 9153:Ambrosia of Thirukkural 9015:Oxford University Press 8879:Brekke, Torkel (2002). 8586:Oxford University Press 7937:, New York: Routledge, 7787:, 33–36, Bd. 1–3: 1951. 7785:Harvard Oriental Series 7602:, Volume 21, pp. 31–61; 7549:Carl Cappeller (1999), 7494:Worterbuch zum Rig-veda 7410:Encyclopædia Britannica 7380:10.1111/1467-9795.00113 7274:Wells, John C. (2008). 6775:). The use of the term 6139:Mahavratas (major vows) 5434:Philosophical reasoning 4598:Brhadaranyaka Upanishad 4558:In Vedas and Upanishads 4135:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam 3348:Timeline of Hindu texts 3253:Siddharameshwar Maharaj 2286:Pumsavana Simantonayana 1941:Śabda (word, testimony) 1179:Epic-Puranic chronology 1147:Dravidian folk religion 882:It is thought that the 775:History of Dharmaśāstra 274:teachings of the Buddha 32:Dharma (disambiguation) 10261:Early Buddhist schools 9973:Dasgupta, Surendranath 9892:Van Buitenen, J. A. B. 9872:Rosen, Steven (2006). 9756:Cogent Social Sciences 9365:Cort, John E. (2001). 8942:Cort, John E. (1998). 8783:Remembrance Rituals". 7781:Karl Friedrich Geldner 7613:Volume 49, pp. 93–106. 6943: 6870:origin, emphasizes on 6804: 6777: 6771: 6765: 6757: 6749: 6743: 6735: 6727: 6719: 6711: 6705: 6699:) also has a specific 6687: 6670: 6619: 6600: 6437:Mahavir Janma Kalyanak 6348:Samayasāra (Digambara) 6161:Brahmacarya (chastity) 5931:Dharma is employed in 5813:is also the term for " 5790: 5201:Pre-sectarian Buddhism 4894: 4619: 4100:Eighteen Greater Texts 3729:Brahma Vaivarta Purana 3158:Krishnananda Saraswati 2402:Vijayadashami-Dussehra 1916:Pratyakṣa (perception) 1776:Titiksha (forbearance) 1060: 947: 643:Karl Friedrich Geldner 630:in western languages. 393: 286:is also the term for " 269: 9234:Sanjeevi, N. (2006). 9123:Roy, Kaushik (2012). 8580:Olivelle, P. (1993). 8350:; For summary notes: 7072:The common duties of 6954:, a depiction of the 6941: 6878:, the Tamil term for 6858:Several works of the 6802: 6679:Further information: 6665:Puruṣārthasiddhyupāya 6657: 6652:Puruṣārthasiddhyupāya 6156:Asteya (non-stealing) 6146:Ahiṃsā (non-violence) 5469:Aids to Enlightenment 5294:Dependent Origination 4890:Apastamba Dharmasutra 4867: 4863:Apastamba Dharmasutra 4602: 4549:which is valid for a 4485:In its true essence, 4216:Varna-related topics: 4107:Eighteen Lesser Texts 3680:Devi Bhagavata Purana 2576:Svabhavika Bhedabheda 2562:Achintya Bheda Abheda 2494:Philosophical schools 1796:Ahamkara (attachment) 1756:Vairagya (dispassion) 1684:Mokṣa-related topics: 1047: 942:in Greek, suggesting 919: 664:The root of the word 590:; truth, rectitude). 566:Kandahar Greek Edicts 359: 10699:Brihadratha Ikshvaku 10536:Sarvadarsanasangraha 10313:Acintya bheda abheda 10042:(huffingtonpost.com) 9289:, 4(4), pp. 741–751. 9196:Modern Asian Studies 7980:, 59, pp. 1430–1441. 7663:, New Delhi: Vikas, 6848:In Sangam literature 6315:Schools and Branches 5840:Noble Eightfold Path 5439:Devotional practices 5262:Noble Eightfold Path 4348:Hinduism and Jainism 3278:Vethathiri Maharishi 3183:Nisargadatta Maharaj 1751:Viveka (discernment) 1126:(500/200 BCE–300 CE) 1037:is an example where 985:Rta, maya and dharma 770:Pandurang Vaman Kane 344:—the Tamil term for 10759:Dayananda Saraswati 10333:Nimbarka Sampradaya 10257:Buddhist philosophy 9706:. Vikalp Printers. 9685:. Vikalp Printers. 9285:Narula, S. (2006), 9096:Lal, Mohan (1992). 8908:, pp. 192–194. 8720:Anthropos Institute 8655:, pp. 321–344. 8643:, pp. 131–144. 8560:, pp. 131–144. 8552:Van Buitenen (1957) 8513:, pp. 215–227. 8492:, pp. 487–489. 8447:, pp. 181–191. 8435:, pp. 180–181. 8423:, pp. 178–180. 7924:, pp. 136–142. 7811:, pp. 430–432. 7799:, pp. 430–431. 7766:Van Buitenen (1957) 7492:Hermann Grassmann, 7339:. 13 December 2018. 7113:Van Buitenen (1957) 6555:Religion portal 6245:The 24 Tirthankaras 5937:dharma transmission 5888:schools of Buddhism 5807:Buddhist philosophy 5785:. The term Dharma ( 5739:Buddhism portal 5612:Buddhism by country 5374:Sanskrit literature 5057:Shatapatha Brahmana 4952:with no mention of 4912:" is the source of 4906:Sanskrit literature 4830:in two categories: 4745:various aspects of 4519:or inherent duties. 4406:Hinduism portal 4285:Hinduism by country 4121:Iraiyanar Akapporul 4065:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai 3148:Dayananda Saraswati 3133:Bhaktivinoda Thakur 3039:Sripada Srivallabha 2979:Raghunatha Siromani 2944:Narasimha Saraswati 1921:Anumāṇa (inference) 966:text. According to 912:Eusebeia and dharma 838:occurs 63 times in 426:; has roots in the 278:Buddhist philosophy 10370:Pashupata Shaivism 10200:Pashupata Shaivism 9874:Essential Hinduism 8357:2004-09-22 at the 8147:, p. 112-113. 7680:Fordham Law Review 6946:The importance of 6944: 6886:moral text of the 6805: 6646:Acārya Amṛtacandra 6362:Agama (Śvetāmbara) 5943:Theravada Buddhism 5821:Buddha's teachings 5226:Buddhist modernism 5048:Dharma and poverty 4759:Klaus Klostermaier 4646:means of knowing. 4622:Dharma and Mimamsa 4300:Caribbean Shaktism 4019:Kanakadhara Stotra 3268:U. G. Krishnamurti 3248:Satyadhyana Tirtha 2844:Gangesha Upadhyaya 2502:Six Astika schools 1746:Ānanda (happiness) 1725:Anātman (non-self) 948: 498:Classical Sanskrit 394: 227:was in use in the 11283: 11282: 11135:Pratītyasamutpāda 10296: 10295: 10077:Indian philosophy 10010:978-81-208-3338-8 9991:The Tibet Journal 9864:978-0-631-21535-6 9794:Olivelle, Patrick 9713:978-81-903639-4-5 9692:978-81-903639-2-1 9594:978-0-19-539423-8 9462:978-0-304-33851-1 9434:Rites of Passages 9421:978-0-919812-15-4 9397:(22): 2759–2760. 9378:978-0-19-803037-9 9260:978-93-85471-70-4 9163:978-81-7017-346-5 9136:978-1-107-01736-8 9109:978-81-260-1221-3 9057:978-0-19-969930-8 9036:978-0-19-969930-8 9011:978-0-19-969930-8 8988:978-0-415-26605-5 8955:978-0-7914-3786-5 8892:978-0-19-925236-7 8865:978-1-135-21100-4 8681:978-90-04-15815-3 8649:, pp. 49–63. 8621:978-0-19-531405-2 8554:, pp. 38–39. 8348:978-0-06-166018-4 8260:, pp. 41–48. 8172:978-1-4959-4653-0 8160:Johnston, Charles 8049:978-0-7876-5015-5 8025:Van Buitenen 1957 8011:978-0-7876-5015-5 7992:, pp. 42–44. 7966:978-81-206-0369-1 7870:978-1-4443-4371-7 7669:978-0-7286-0032-4 7559:978-81-206-0369-1 7524:, pp. 34–45. 7502:978-81-208-1636-7 7431:Van Buitenen 1957 7314:, pp. 42–45. 7285:978-1-4058-8118-0 7258:Kalupahana, David 7149:978-0-9149-5581-8 6934:Dharma in symbols 6854:Sangam literature 6834:Guru Granth Sahib 6826: 6591: 6590: 6210:Micchami Dukkadam 6205:Bhaktamara Stotra 6134:Ethics of Jainism 5836:Four Noble Truths 5801:); the practice ( 5775: 5774: 5257:Four Noble Truths 5004:. These are: (1) 4836:(restraints) and 4442: 4441: 4293:Balinese Hinduism 3792:Markandeya Purana 3029:Satyanatha Tirtha 2984:Raghuttama Tirtha 2974:Raghavendra Swami 2819:Ramdas Kathiababa 1900:Sources of dharma 1766:Dama (temperance) 1761:Sama (equanimity) 1127: 600:Indian philosophy 528:, it is rendered 392:(3rd century BCE) 16:(Redirected from 11343: 10789:Satyakama Jabala 10724:Akshapada Gotama 10674:Gārgī Vāchaknavī 10654:Vāchaspati Misra 10512:Nyayakusumanjali 10446:Bhagavata Purana 10403:Radical Humanism 10375:Shaiva Siddhanta 10144: 10143: 10116:Vedic philosophy 10070: 10063: 10056: 10047: 10046: 10014: 9986: 9985:. pp. 2–11. 9981:. Vol. IV. 9968: 9951: 9940: 9919: 9887: 9868: 9849: 9846:Tamil Literature 9840: 9811: 9789: 9771: 9746: 9717: 9696: 9675: 9656: 9627: 9598: 9579:Hiltebeitel, Alf 9574: 9543: 9524: 9495: 9466: 9447: 9425: 9406: 9382: 9361: 9340: 9315:(5–6): 449–489. 9290: 9283: 9277: 9271: 9265: 9264: 9246: 9240: 9239: 9231: 9225: 9224: 9186: 9180: 9174: 9168: 9167: 9147: 9141: 9140: 9120: 9114: 9113: 9093: 9087: 9086: 9066: 9060: 9045: 9039: 9024: 9018: 8999: 8993: 8992: 8969: 8960: 8959: 8939: 8933: 8927: 8921: 8915: 8909: 8903: 8897: 8896: 8876: 8870: 8869: 8849: 8843: 8837: 8831: 8830: 8818: 8809: 8808: 8772: 8766: 8755: 8746: 8743: 8737: 8730: 8724: 8723: 8715: 8709: 8699: 8693: 8690: 8684: 8669: 8658: 8635: 8626: 8625: 8607: 8601: 8595: 8589: 8578: 8572: 8569: 8563: 8546: 8540: 8539:(2) pp. 196–201. 8529: 8523: 8520: 8514: 8511:Hiltebeitel 2011 8508: 8493: 8487: 8478: 8472: 8461: 8459: 8454: 8448: 8442: 8436: 8430: 8424: 8418: 8412: 8406: 8397: 8396: 8389: 8383: 8372: 8361: 8337: 8331: 8329: 8321: 8315: 8285: 8279: 8278: 8267: 8261: 8255: 8244: 8222: 8216: 8210: 8204: 8203: 8202: 8201: 8181: 8175: 8157: 8148: 8142: 8136: 8130: 8124: 8118: 8112: 8106: 8097: 8091: 8085: 8079: 8073: 8066: 8060: 8034: 8028: 8022: 8013: 7999: 7993: 7987: 7981: 7978:Yale Law Journal 7974: 7968: 7952: 7946: 7931: 7925: 7919: 7910: 7904: 7898: 7892: 7875: 7874: 7854: 7848: 7830: 7821: 7818: 7812: 7806: 7800: 7794: 7788: 7777: 7771: 7748: 7742: 7730:, Germany (2011) 7718: 7712: 7706: 7697: 7691: 7685: 7647: 7641: 7622: 7616: 7589: 7576: 7570: 7564: 7531: 7525: 7519: 7504: 7490: 7484: 7478: 7457: 7440: 7434: 7428: 7422: 7421: 7419: 7417: 7401: 7392: 7391: 7363: 7357: 7350:Hiltebeitel 2011 7347: 7341: 7340: 7333: 7327: 7321: 7315: 7309: 7303: 7296: 7290: 7289: 7271: 7265: 7255: 7246: 7245: 7233: 7216: 7200: 7194: 7188: 7182: 7176: 7170: 7163: 7157: 7131: 7125: 7107: 7085: 7082:Sadharana dharma 7074:Sadharana-dharma 7070: 7064: 7025: 7019: 7010: 6831: 6825:romanized: 6824: 6822: 6780: 6774: 6768: 6762: 6754: 6746: 6740: 6732: 6724: 6716: 6708: 6698: 6690: 6668: 6654: 6648: 6642: 6639: 6632: 6629: 6626: 6622: 6610:Tattvartha Sutra 6603: 6583: 6576: 6569: 6553: 6552: 6490:Shravanabelagola 6397:Cīvaka Cintāmaṇi 6369:Tattvartha Sutra 6013: 5990: 5989: 5986:Dharma (Jainism) 5767: 5760: 5753: 5737: 5736: 5464:Sublime abidings 5155: 5132: 5131: 4892: 4749:with metaphors. 4617: 4595: 4434: 4427: 4420: 4404: 4403: 4402: 4364:and Christianity 4334:Pilgrimage sites 4264:Reform movements 4142:Vinayagar Agaval 4093:Five Great Epics 4042:Tamil literature 3941:Sushruta Samhita 3736:Bhavishya Purana 3722:Brahmanda Purana 3673:Bhagavata Purana 3601:Other scriptures 3163:Mahavatar Babaji 2743:Satyakama Jabala 2414:Ganesh Chaturthi 2268:Rites of passage 1781:Shraddha (faith) 1199:Major traditions 1125: 1090: 1067: 1066: 1058: 604:Indian religions 588: 581: 580: 514: 481: 425: 424: 421: 420: 417: 414: 411: 408: 390:Edicts of Ashoka 272:) refers to the 201:Indian religions 198: 197: 196: 190: 188:[dʱɐrmɐ] 185: 181: 171: 170: 167: 166: 163: 160: 157: 154: 130: 115: 101: 89: 75: 62:Virtues such as 59: 21: 11351: 11350: 11346: 11345: 11344: 11342: 11341: 11340: 11286: 11285: 11284: 11279: 11105:Parameshashakti 10813: 10749:Ramana Maharshi 10634:Kumārila Bhaṭṭa 10612: 10578:Vaiśeṣika Sūtra 10552:Tattvacintāmaṇi 10425:Abhinavabharati 10412: 10381: 10355:Sikh Philosophy 10343:Vishishtadvaita 10292: 10211: 10135: 10079: 10074: 10021: 10011: 10003:. Delhi: MLBD. 9961: 9958: 9956:Further reading 9908:10.2307/1396832 9884: 9865: 9829:10.2307/1397421 9808: 9735:10.2307/1398120 9714: 9693: 9672: 9645:10.2307/1396833 9595: 9540: 9513:10.2307/1396742 9463: 9444: 9422: 9379: 9299: 9294: 9293: 9284: 9280: 9272: 9268: 9261: 9247: 9243: 9232: 9228: 9187: 9183: 9175: 9171: 9164: 9148: 9144: 9137: 9121: 9117: 9110: 9094: 9090: 9083: 9067: 9063: 9046: 9042: 9025: 9021: 9000: 8996: 8989: 8970: 8963: 8956: 8940: 8936: 8928: 8924: 8916: 8912: 8904: 8900: 8893: 8877: 8873: 8866: 8850: 8846: 8838: 8834: 8819: 8812: 8773: 8769: 8756: 8749: 8744: 8740: 8731: 8727: 8716: 8712: 8700: 8696: 8691: 8687: 8670: 8661: 8636: 8629: 8622: 8608: 8604: 8596: 8592: 8579: 8575: 8570: 8566: 8547: 8543: 8530: 8526: 8521: 8517: 8509: 8496: 8488: 8481: 8473: 8464: 8457: 8455: 8451: 8443: 8439: 8431: 8427: 8419: 8415: 8407: 8400: 8391: 8390: 8386: 8373: 8364: 8359:Wayback Machine 8338: 8334: 8327: 8322: 8318: 8286: 8282: 8269: 8268: 8264: 8256: 8247: 8223: 8219: 8211: 8207: 8199: 8197: 8182: 8178: 8158: 8151: 8143: 8139: 8131: 8127: 8119: 8115: 8107: 8100: 8092: 8088: 8080: 8076: 8070:Sanatana dharma 8067: 8063: 8035: 8031: 8023: 8016: 8000: 7996: 7988: 7984: 7975: 7971: 7953: 7949: 7935:The Hindu World 7932: 7928: 7920: 7913: 7907:Etienne Lamotte 7905: 7901: 7893: 7878: 7871: 7855: 7851: 7833:Brereton (2004) 7831: 7824: 7819: 7815: 7807: 7803: 7795: 7791: 7778: 7774: 7749: 7745: 7719: 7715: 7707: 7700: 7692: 7688: 7648: 7644: 7623: 7619: 7590: 7579: 7571: 7567: 7544:(2008 revision) 7532: 7528: 7520: 7507: 7491: 7487: 7479: 7460: 7441: 7437: 7429: 7425: 7415: 7413: 7403: 7402: 7395: 7364: 7360: 7348: 7344: 7335: 7334: 7330: 7322: 7318: 7310: 7306: 7297: 7293: 7286: 7272: 7268: 7256: 7249: 7234: 7219: 7201: 7197: 7189: 7185: 7177: 7173: 7164: 7160: 7132: 7128: 7108: 7104: 7099: 7094: 7089: 7088: 7071: 7067: 7047:meant reality ( 7026: 7022: 7011: 7002: 6997: 6970: 6960:(the "wheel of 6936: 6856: 6850: 6797: 6791: 6683: 6677: 6669: 6663: 6640: 6633: 6630: 6627: 6587: 6547: 6540: 6539: 6505: 6504: 6495: 6494: 6462: 6461: 6452: 6451: 6427: 6426: 6417: 6416: 6342: 6341: 6339:Jain literature 6330: 6329: 6312: 6311: 6302: 6301: 6240: 6239: 6230: 6229: 6220:Ṇamōkāra mantra 6200: 6199: 6190: 6189: 6131: 6130: 6121: 6120: 6051: 6050: 5988: 5982: 5945: 5929: 5823: 5771: 5731: 5724: 5723: 5614: 5604: 5603: 5554: 5544: 5543: 5509: 5499: 5498: 5404: 5394: 5393: 5364:Mahayana Sutras 5344: 5334: 5333: 5274:Five Aggregates 5252: 5251: 5231: 5230: 5221:Later Buddhists 5186: 5128: 5122: 5091: 5085: 5050: 4932: 4924:Main articles: 4922: 4893: 4888: 4856: 4842:(observances). 4799: 4755: 4652: 4624: 4618: 4612: 4564:history section 4560: 4506:Sanātana Dharma 4438: 4400: 4398: 4379: 4378: 4372: 4342: 4308: 4287: 4279: 4269: 4268: 4231: 4164: 4156: 4148: 4147: 4044: 4012: 3934:Charaka Samhita 3913:Vaiśeṣika Sūtra 3871:Shilpa Shastras 3850: 3803: 3687:Naradiya Purana 3659: 3654: 3629: 3603: 3562: 3426: 3358: 3342: 3311: 3303: 3293: 3292: 3238:Shirdi Sai Baba 3233:Sathya Sai Baba 3213:Ramana Maharshi 3117: 3084:Vadiraja Tirtha 3079:Vācaspati Miśra 2959:Srinivasacharya 2939:Narahari Tirtha 2919:Matsyendranatha 2904:Kumārila Bhaṭṭa 2869:Jagannatha Dasa 2859:Haridasa Thakur 2778: 2657: 2649: 2639: 2638: 2594: 2555:Vishishtadvaita 2504: 2496: 2486: 2485: 2439:Makar Sankranti 2419:Vasant Panchami 2382:Maha Shivaratri 2366: 2270: 2179: 2113: 2082: 1963: 1954: 1946: 1945: 1910: 1804: 1741:Prajña (wisdom) 1737: 1714: 1678: 1652: 1621: 1590: 1588:Meaning of life 1575:God in Hinduism 1564: 1528: 1526:Supreme reality 1503:Subtle elements 1492: 1473: 1467: 1457: 1456: 1312: 1281: 1255: 1247: 1237: 1236: 1233: 1200: 1194: 1184: 1183: 1128: 1123:Hindu synthesis 1119: 1114: 1065: 1059: 1053: 987: 936:in Sanskrit as 924:is from Indian 914: 766: 731:The antonym of 722:varnasramdharma 596: 545:Mauryan Emperor 458:religious sense 405: 401: 354: 223:The concept of 192: 191: 183: 151: 147: 141: 140: 139: 138: 137: 131: 123: 122: 116: 107: 106: 105: 102: 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8864: 8844: 8842:, p. 100. 8832: 8810: 8767: 8747: 8738: 8725: 8710: 8694: 8685: 8659: 8657: 8656: 8653:Goodwin (1955) 8650: 8644: 8627: 8620: 8602: 8590: 8573: 8564: 8562: 8561: 8555: 8541: 8524: 8515: 8494: 8479: 8462: 8449: 8437: 8425: 8413: 8398: 8384: 8362: 8332: 8324:Ingalls (1957) 8316: 8314: 8313: 8310: 8303: 8280: 8262: 8245: 8217: 8205: 8176: 8149: 8137: 8125: 8113: 8111:, p. 112. 8098: 8096:, p. 326. 8086: 8074: 8061: 8059: 8058: 8057:, "Chapter 3". 8052: 8029: 8014: 7994: 7982: 7969: 7947: 7945:, pp. 213–248. 7926: 7911: 7899: 7876: 7869: 7849: 7822: 7813: 7801: 7789: 7772: 7770: 7769: 7763: 7757: 7743: 7741: 7740: 7731: 7713: 7698: 7686: 7684: 7683: 7672: 7657: 7642: 7640: 7639: 7631: 7617: 7615: 7614: 7603: 7577: 7565: 7563: 7562: 7561:, pp. 510–512. 7547: 7546:, pp. 543–544; 7526: 7505: 7485: 7458: 7456: 7455: 7452:Widgery (1930) 7449: 7435: 7423: 7393: 7358: 7342: 7328: 7316: 7304: 7291: 7284: 7266: 7247: 7217: 7215: 7214: 7210: 7195: 7183: 7171: 7158: 7156: 7155: 7152: 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The ancient 6852:Main article: 6849: 6846: 6793:Main article: 6790: 6787: 6772:adharmāstikāya 6744:pudgalāstikāya 6676: 6671: 6661: 6589: 6588: 6586: 6585: 6578: 6571: 6563: 6560: 6559: 6558: 6557: 6542: 6541: 6538: 6537: 6532: 6527: 6522: 6517: 6512: 6506: 6502: 6501: 6500: 6497: 6496: 6493: 6492: 6487: 6482: 6477: 6472: 6463: 6459: 6458: 6457: 6454: 6453: 6450: 6449: 6444: 6439: 6434: 6428: 6424: 6423: 6422: 6419: 6418: 6415: 6414: 6407: 6404:Silappatikaram 6400: 6393: 6386: 6379: 6372: 6365: 6358: 6351: 6343: 6337: 6336: 6335: 6332: 6331: 6328: 6327: 6322: 6313: 6309: 6308: 6307: 6304: 6303: 6300: 6299: 6294: 6289: 6284: 6279: 6274: 6269: 6262: 6257: 6252: 6247: 6241: 6237: 6236: 6235: 6232: 6231: 6228: 6227: 6222: 6217: 6212: 6207: 6201: 6197: 6196: 6195: 6192: 6191: 6188: 6187: 6182: 6176: 6175: 6169: 6168: 6163: 6158: 6153: 6148: 6142: 6141: 6132: 6128: 6127: 6126: 6123: 6122: 6119: 6118: 6113: 6108: 6103: 6098: 6093: 6088: 6083: 6078: 6073: 6068: 6063: 6058: 6052: 6046: 6045: 6044: 6041: 6040: 6039: 6038: 6033: 6028: 6023: 6015: 6014: 6006: 6005: 5999: 5998: 5984:Main article: 5981: 5978: 5977: 5976: 5969: 5966: 5944: 5941: 5928: 5925: 5905:is one of the 5849:The status of 5822: 5819: 5773: 5772: 5770: 5769: 5762: 5755: 5747: 5744: 5743: 5742: 5741: 5726: 5725: 5722: 5721: 5716: 5711: 5706: 5701: 5696: 5691: 5686: 5681: 5676: 5671: 5666: 5661: 5656: 5651: 5646: 5641: 5636: 5631: 5626: 5621: 5615: 5610: 5609: 5606: 5605: 5602: 5601: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5581: 5576: 5571: 5566: 5561: 5555: 5550: 5549: 5546: 5545: 5542: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5529:Pratyekabuddha 5526: 5521: 5516: 5510: 5505: 5504: 5501: 5500: 5497: 5496: 5491: 5486: 5484:Buddhist chant 5481: 5476: 5471: 5466: 5461: 5456: 5451: 5446: 5441: 5436: 5431: 5426: 5421: 5416: 5411: 5405: 5400: 5399: 5396: 5395: 5392: 5391: 5386: 5381: 5376: 5371: 5366: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5345: 5342:Buddhist texts 5340: 5339: 5336: 5335: 5332: 5331: 5326: 5321: 5316: 5311: 5306: 5301: 5296: 5291: 5286: 5281: 5276: 5271: 5270: 5269: 5259: 5253: 5250: 5249: 5244: 5238: 5237: 5236: 5233: 5232: 5229: 5228: 5223: 5218: 5213: 5208: 5203: 5198: 5193: 5187: 5182: 5181: 5178: 5177: 5176: 5175: 5170: 5165: 5157: 5156: 5148: 5147: 5141: 5140: 5121: 5118: 5093:The notion of 5087:Main article: 5084: 5083:Dharma and law 5081: 5049: 5046: 4921: 4918: 4886: 4855: 4852: 4798: 4795: 4794: 4793: 4790: 4787: 4784: 4781: 4778: 4754: 4751: 4656:Daniel Ingalls 4651: 4648: 4637:attributed to 4634:Mimamsa Sutras 4623: 4620: 4610: 4600:, as follows: 4559: 4556: 4555: 4554: 4540: 4537:stages of life 4533: 4526: 4520: 4517:stages of life 4513: 4440: 4439: 4437: 4436: 4429: 4422: 4414: 4411: 4410: 4409: 4408: 4395: 4394: 4389: 4381: 4380: 4377: 4376: 4370: 4344: 4343: 4340: 4337: 4336: 4331: 4326: 4321: 4316: 4310: 4309: 4306: 4303: 4302: 4296: 4295: 4289: 4288: 4283: 4280: 4275: 4274: 4271: 4270: 4267: 4266: 4261: 4256: 4251: 4246: 4245: 4244: 4237:Discrimination 4233: 4232: 4229: 4226: 4225: 4219: 4218: 4212: 4211: 4205: 4204: 4195: 4194: 4189: 4184: 4179: 4173: 4172: 4166: 4165: 4160: 4157: 4154: 4153: 4150: 4149: 4146: 4145: 4138: 4131: 4128:Abirami Antati 4124: 4117: 4110: 4103: 4096: 4089: 4082: 4075: 4068: 4061: 4054: 4046: 4045: 4040: 4037: 4036: 4029: 4022: 4014: 4013: 4004: 4001: 4000: 3993: 3986: 3979: 3976:Ramcharitmanas 3972: 3965: 3958: 3951: 3944: 3937: 3930: 3927:Pramana Sutras 3923: 3916: 3909: 3902: 3899:Mimamsa Sutras 3895: 3892:Samkhya Sutras 3888: 3881: 3874: 3867: 3860: 3857:Dharma Shastra 3852: 3851: 3838: 3835: 3834: 3827: 3820: 3813: 3805: 3804: 3799: 3796: 3795: 3788: 3781: 3774: 3767: 3760: 3753: 3746: 3739: 3732: 3725: 3718: 3711: 3704: 3697: 3690: 3683: 3676: 3669: 3661: 3660: 3655: 3650: 3647: 3646: 3639: 3631: 3630: 3625: 3622: 3621: 3613: 3605: 3604: 3599: 3596: 3595: 3590: 3585: 3580: 3575: 3570: 3564: 3563: 3558: 3555: 3554: 3547: 3540: 3532: 3531: 3525: 3524: 3517: 3509: 3508: 3502: 3501: 3494: 3491:Shvetashvatara 3487: 3480: 3473: 3466: 3463:Brihadaranyaka 3458: 3457: 3451: 3450: 3443: 3435: 3434: 3428: 3427: 3422: 3419: 3418: 3413: 3408: 3403: 3397: 3396: 3390: 3389: 3382: 3375: 3368: 3360: 3359: 3354: 3351: 3350: 3344: 3343: 3338: 3335: 3334: 3329: 3324: 3319: 3313: 3312: 3307: 3304: 3299: 3298: 3295: 3294: 3291: 3290: 3285: 3280: 3275: 3273:Upasni Maharaj 3270: 3265: 3260: 3255: 3250: 3245: 3240: 3235: 3230: 3225: 3220: 3215: 3210: 3205: 3200: 3195: 3190: 3185: 3180: 3175: 3170: 3165: 3160: 3155: 3150: 3145: 3140: 3135: 3130: 3125: 3119: 3118: 3115: 3112: 3111: 3106: 3101: 3099:Vedanta Desika 3096: 3091: 3086: 3081: 3076: 3071: 3066: 3061: 3056: 3051: 3046: 3041: 3036: 3031: 3026: 3021: 3019:Samarth Ramdas 3016: 3011: 3006: 3001: 2996: 2991: 2986: 2981: 2976: 2971: 2969:Purandara Dasa 2966: 2961: 2956: 2954:Nimbarkacharya 2951: 2946: 2941: 2936: 2931: 2926: 2921: 2916: 2911: 2906: 2901: 2896: 2891: 2886: 2881: 2876: 2874:Jayanta Bhatta 2871: 2866: 2861: 2856: 2851: 2846: 2841: 2836: 2831: 2826: 2821: 2816: 2811: 2806: 2801: 2796: 2791: 2786: 2780: 2779: 2774: 2771: 2770: 2765: 2760: 2755: 2750: 2745: 2740: 2735: 2730: 2725: 2720: 2715: 2710: 2705: 2700: 2695: 2690: 2685: 2680: 2675: 2670: 2665: 2659: 2658: 2653: 2650: 2645: 2644: 2641: 2640: 2637: 2636: 2631: 2630: 2629: 2619: 2618: 2617: 2612: 2607: 2596: 2595: 2592: 2589: 2588: 2587: 2586: 2579: 2572: 2565: 2558: 2551: 2544: 2532: 2527: 2522: 2517: 2512: 2506: 2505: 2500: 2497: 2492: 2491: 2488: 2487: 2484: 2483: 2478: 2477: 2476: 2471: 2466: 2456: 2451: 2446: 2441: 2436: 2431: 2426: 2421: 2416: 2411: 2409:Raksha Bandhan 2406: 2405: 2404: 2399: 2394: 2384: 2379: 2374: 2368: 2367: 2362: 2359: 2358: 2353: 2348: 2343: 2338: 2333: 2328: 2323: 2318: 2313: 2308: 2303: 2298: 2293: 2291:Simantonnayana 2288: 2283: 2278: 2272: 2271: 2266: 2263: 2262: 2257: 2252: 2247: 2242: 2240:Carnatic music 2237: 2232: 2227: 2225:Bhagavata Mela 2222: 2217: 2212: 2207: 2202: 2197: 2192: 2187: 2181: 2180: 2175: 2172: 2171: 2169:Kundalini yoga 2166: 2161: 2156: 2151: 2146: 2141: 2136: 2131: 2126: 2121: 2115: 2114: 2109: 2106: 2105: 2100: 2095: 2090: 2084: 2083: 2080: 2077: 2076: 2071: 2066: 2061: 2056: 2051: 2046: 2041: 2036: 2031: 2026: 2021: 2016: 2011: 2006: 2001: 1996: 1991: 1986: 1981: 1976: 1971: 1965: 1964: 1958: 1955: 1952: 1951: 1948: 1947: 1944: 1943: 1938: 1933: 1928: 1923: 1918: 1912: 1911: 1906: 1903: 1902: 1897: 1892: 1887: 1882: 1877: 1872: 1867: 1862: 1857: 1852: 1847: 1842: 1837: 1832: 1827: 1822: 1817: 1812: 1806: 1805: 1802: 1799: 1798: 1793: 1788: 1783: 1778: 1773: 1768: 1763: 1758: 1753: 1748: 1743: 1738: 1732: 1727: 1722: 1716: 1715: 1712: 1709: 1708: 1703: 1698: 1693: 1687: 1686: 1680: 1679: 1674: 1671: 1670: 1665: 1660: 1654: 1653: 1648: 1645: 1644: 1639: 1634: 1629: 1623: 1622: 1619:Stages of life 1617: 1614: 1613: 1608: 1603: 1598: 1592: 1591: 1586: 1583: 1582: 1580:God and gender 1577: 1572: 1566: 1565: 1562: 1559: 1558: 1553: 1548: 1547: 1546: 1541: 1530: 1529: 1524: 1521: 1520: 1515: 1513:Gross elements 1510: 1505: 1500: 1494: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1486: 1481: 1475: 1474: 1471: 1468: 1463: 1462: 1459: 1458: 1455: 1454: 1449: 1444: 1439: 1434: 1429: 1424: 1419: 1414: 1409: 1404: 1399: 1394: 1388: 1387: 1381: 1380: 1375: 1370: 1365: 1360: 1355: 1350: 1345: 1340: 1335: 1330: 1324: 1323: 1314: 1313: 1303: 1300: 1299: 1294: 1289: 1283: 1282: 1277: 1274: 1273: 1268: 1263: 1257: 1256: 1251: 1248: 1243: 1242: 1239: 1238: 1235: 1234: 1227: 1224: 1223: 1218: 1213: 1208: 1202: 1201: 1198: 1195: 1190: 1189: 1186: 1185: 1182: 1181: 1176: 1171: 1169:Itihasa-Purana 1160: 1159: 1154: 1149: 1144: 1139: 1134: 1129: 1115: 1112: 1111: 1108: 1107: 1106: 1105: 1100: 1092: 1091: 1083: 1082: 1076: 1075: 1064: 1061: 1051: 986: 983: 913: 910: 890:Zoroastrianism 846:, and once as 765: 762: 595: 592: 502:Vedic Sanskrit 447:Vedic Sanskrit 433:, which means 353: 350: 209:untranslatable 207:is held as an 132: 125: 124: 120:stages of life 117: 110: 109: 108: 103: 96: 95: 91: 84: 83: 82: 77: 70: 69: 66:(non-violence) 61: 54: 53: 52: 48: 47: 46: 45: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11348: 11337: 11334: 11332: 11329: 11327: 11324: 11322: 11319: 11317: 11314: 11312: 11309: 11307: 11304: 11302: 11299: 11297: 11294: 11293: 11291: 11276: 11273: 11271: 11268: 11266: 11263: 11261: 11258: 11256: 11253: 11251: 11248: 11246: 11243: 11241: 11238: 11236: 11233: 11231: 11228: 11226: 11223: 11221: 11218: 11216: 11213: 11211: 11208: 11206: 11203: 11201: 11198: 11196: 11193: 11191: 11188: 11186: 11183: 11181: 11178: 11176: 11173: 11171: 11168: 11166: 11163: 11161: 11158: 11156: 11153: 11151: 11148: 11146: 11143: 11141: 11138: 11136: 11133: 11131: 11128: 11126: 11123: 11121: 11118: 11116: 11113: 11111: 11110:Parinama-vada 11108: 11106: 11103: 11101: 11098: 11096: 11093: 11091: 11088: 11086: 11083: 11081: 11078: 11076: 11073: 11071: 11068: 11066: 11063: 11061: 11058: 11056: 11053: 11051: 11048: 11046: 11043: 11041: 11038: 11036: 11033: 11031: 11028: 11026: 11023: 11021: 11018: 11016: 11013: 11011: 11008: 11006: 11003: 11001: 10998: 10996: 10993: 10991: 10988: 10986: 10983: 10981: 10978: 10976: 10973: 10971: 10968: 10966: 10963: 10961: 10958: 10956: 10953: 10951: 10948: 10946: 10943: 10941: 10938: 10936: 10933: 10931: 10928: 10926: 10923: 10921: 10918: 10916: 10913: 10911: 10908: 10906: 10903: 10901: 10898: 10896: 10893: 10891: 10888: 10886: 10883: 10881: 10878: 10876: 10873: 10871: 10868: 10866: 10863: 10861: 10858: 10856: 10853: 10851: 10848: 10846: 10843: 10841: 10838: 10836: 10833: 10831: 10828: 10826: 10823: 10822: 10820: 10816: 10810: 10807: 10805: 10802: 10800: 10797: 10795: 10792: 10790: 10787: 10785: 10782: 10780: 10777: 10775: 10772: 10770: 10767: 10765: 10762: 10760: 10757: 10755: 10752: 10750: 10747: 10745: 10742: 10740: 10737: 10735: 10734:Padmasambhāva 10732: 10730: 10727: 10725: 10722: 10720: 10717: 10715: 10712: 10710: 10707: 10705: 10702: 10700: 10697: 10695: 10692: 10690: 10687: 10685: 10682: 10680: 10677: 10675: 10672: 10670: 10667: 10665: 10662: 10660: 10657: 10655: 10652: 10650: 10647: 10645: 10642: 10640: 10639:Maṇḍana Miśra 10637: 10635: 10632: 10630: 10629:Abhinavagupta 10627: 10625: 10622: 10621: 10619: 10615: 10609: 10606: 10604: 10603: 10602:Yoga Vasistha 10599: 10597: 10596: 10592: 10590: 10587: 10585: 10582: 10580: 10579: 10575: 10571: 10568: 10567: 10566: 10563: 10561: 10560: 10556: 10554: 10553: 10549: 10547: 10544: 10542: 10539: 10537: 10534: 10532: 10529: 10527: 10526: 10522: 10520: 10519: 10515: 10513: 10510: 10508: 10505: 10501: 10498: 10496: 10495:All 108 texts 10493: 10492: 10491: 10490: 10486: 10484: 10483: 10479: 10477: 10474: 10472: 10469: 10467: 10466: 10465:Dharmashastra 10462: 10460: 10457: 10455: 10454: 10450: 10448: 10447: 10443: 10441: 10440: 10439:Bhagavad Gita 10436: 10434: 10433: 10429: 10427: 10426: 10422: 10421: 10419: 10415: 10409: 10406: 10404: 10401: 10399: 10396: 10394: 10393:Integral yoga 10391: 10390: 10388: 10384: 10376: 10373: 10371: 10368: 10366: 10363: 10362: 10361: 10358: 10356: 10353: 10351: 10348: 10344: 10341: 10339: 10338:Shuddhadvaita 10336: 10334: 10331: 10329: 10326: 10324: 10321: 10319: 10316: 10314: 10311: 10310: 10309: 10306: 10305: 10303: 10299: 10287: 10284: 10282: 10279: 10277: 10274: 10272: 10269: 10267: 10264: 10263: 10262: 10258: 10255: 10251: 10248: 10246: 10243: 10242: 10241: 10238: 10236: 10233: 10231: 10228: 10226: 10223: 10222: 10220: 10218: 10214: 10208: 10205: 10201: 10198: 10196: 10193: 10192: 10191: 10188: 10186: 10183: 10181: 10178: 10176: 10173: 10171: 10168: 10166: 10163: 10161: 10157: 10154: 10153: 10151: 10149: 10145: 10142: 10138: 10132: 10129: 10127: 10124: 10122: 10119: 10117: 10114: 10112: 10109: 10107: 10104: 10102: 10099: 10097: 10094: 10092: 10089: 10088: 10086: 10082: 10078: 10071: 10066: 10064: 10059: 10057: 10052: 10051: 10048: 10041: 10037: 10034: 10032: 10029: 10026: 10023: 10022: 10012: 10006: 10002: 10001: 9995: 9992: 9988: 9984: 9980: 9979: 9974: 9970: 9966: 9965: 9960: 9959: 9949: 9948: 9942: 9938: 9934: 9930: 9926: 9921: 9917: 9913: 9909: 9905: 9901: 9897: 9893: 9889: 9885: 9883:0-275-99006-0 9879: 9875: 9870: 9866: 9860: 9856: 9851: 9847: 9842: 9838: 9834: 9830: 9826: 9822: 9818: 9813: 9809: 9807:0-19-283882-2 9803: 9799: 9795: 9791: 9787: 9783: 9779: 9775: 9770: 9765: 9761: 9757: 9753: 9748: 9744: 9740: 9736: 9732: 9728: 9724: 9719: 9715: 9709: 9705: 9704: 9698: 9694: 9688: 9684: 9683: 9677: 9673: 9671:9780826440273 9667: 9663: 9658: 9654: 9650: 9646: 9642: 9638: 9634: 9629: 9625: 9621: 9617: 9613: 9609: 9605: 9600: 9596: 9590: 9586: 9585: 9580: 9576: 9572: 9568: 9564: 9560: 9556: 9552: 9551: 9545: 9541: 9535: 9531: 9526: 9522: 9518: 9514: 9510: 9506: 9502: 9497: 9493: 9489: 9485: 9481: 9477: 9473: 9468: 9464: 9458: 9454: 9449: 9445: 9443:1-85567-102-6 9439: 9435: 9431: 9427: 9423: 9417: 9413: 9408: 9404: 9400: 9396: 9392: 9388: 9384: 9380: 9374: 9370: 9369: 9363: 9359: 9355: 9351: 9347: 9342: 9338: 9334: 9330: 9326: 9322: 9318: 9314: 9310: 9306: 9301: 9300: 9288: 9282: 9276:, p. 70. 9275: 9270: 9262: 9256: 9252: 9245: 9237: 9230: 9222: 9218: 9214: 9210: 9206: 9202: 9198: 9197: 9192: 9185: 9179:, p. 75. 9178: 9173: 9165: 9159: 9155: 9154: 9146: 9138: 9132: 9128: 9127: 9119: 9111: 9105: 9101: 9100: 9092: 9084: 9082:90-04-03591-5 9078: 9074: 9073: 9065: 9058: 9054: 9050: 9044: 9037: 9033: 9029: 9023: 9016: 9012: 9008: 9004: 8998: 8990: 8984: 8980: 8979: 8974: 8968: 8966: 8957: 8951: 8947: 8946: 8938: 8932:, p. 22. 8931: 8926: 8919: 8914: 8907: 8902: 8894: 8888: 8884: 8883: 8875: 8867: 8861: 8857: 8856: 8848: 8841: 8836: 8828: 8826: 8817: 8815: 8806: 8802: 8798: 8794: 8790: 8786: 8782: 8778: 8771: 8764: 8760: 8754: 8752: 8742: 8735: 8729: 8721: 8714: 8707: 8703: 8698: 8689: 8682: 8678: 8674: 8668: 8666: 8664: 8654: 8651: 8648: 8647:Potter (1958) 8645: 8642: 8641:Koller (1972) 8639: 8638: 8634: 8632: 8623: 8617: 8613: 8606: 8599: 8594: 8587: 8583: 8577: 8568: 8559: 8558:Koller (1972) 8556: 8553: 8550: 8549: 8545: 8538: 8534: 8528: 8519: 8512: 8507: 8505: 8503: 8501: 8499: 8491: 8486: 8484: 8476: 8475:Olivelle 1999 8471: 8469: 8467: 8458:(in Sanskrit) 8453: 8446: 8441: 8434: 8429: 8422: 8417: 8410: 8405: 8403: 8394: 8388: 8381: 8380:0-88706-807-3 8377: 8371: 8369: 8367: 8360: 8356: 8353: 8349: 8345: 8341: 8340:Smith, Huston 8336: 8325: 8320: 8311: 8308: 8304: 8301: 8300:81-208-0638-7 8297: 8293: 8289: 8288: 8284: 8276: 8272: 8266: 8259: 8254: 8252: 8250: 8243: 8239: 8235: 8234:9780226252506 8231: 8227: 8221: 8215:, p. 43. 8214: 8209: 8195: 8191: 8187: 8180: 8173: 8169: 8165: 8161: 8156: 8154: 8146: 8141: 8135:, p. 12. 8134: 8129: 8122: 8117: 8110: 8105: 8103: 8095: 8094:Fritzman 2015 8090: 8084:, p. 50. 8083: 8078: 8071: 8065: 8056: 8053: 8050: 8046: 8042: 8038: 8037: 8033: 8026: 8021: 8019: 8012: 8008: 8004: 7998: 7991: 7986: 7979: 7973: 7967: 7963: 7959: 7956: 7951: 7944: 7943:0-415-21527-7 7940: 7936: 7930: 7923: 7918: 7916: 7908: 7903: 7896: 7891: 7889: 7887: 7885: 7883: 7881: 7872: 7866: 7862: 7861: 7853: 7846: 7842: 7838: 7834: 7829: 7827: 7817: 7810: 7805: 7798: 7793: 7786: 7782: 7776: 7768:, p. 37. 7767: 7764: 7761: 7760:Coward (2004) 7758: 7755: 7752: 7751: 7747: 7738: 7735: 7732: 7729: 7725: 7722: 7721: 7717: 7710: 7705: 7703: 7696:, p. 58. 7695: 7690: 7681: 7677: 7673: 7670: 7666: 7662: 7658: 7655: 7651: 7650: 7646: 7637: 7636: 7632: 7629: 7628:Bowker (2018) 7626: 7625: 7621: 7612: 7608: 7604: 7601: 7597: 7593: 7592: 7588: 7586: 7584: 7582: 7575:, p. 57. 7574: 7569: 7560: 7556: 7552: 7548: 7545: 7543: 7538: 7535: 7534: 7530: 7523: 7518: 7516: 7514: 7512: 7510: 7503: 7499: 7495: 7489: 7482: 7477: 7475: 7473: 7471: 7469: 7467: 7465: 7463: 7453: 7450: 7447: 7446:Rocher (2003) 7444: 7443: 7439: 7433:, p. 36. 7432: 7427: 7412: 7411: 7406: 7400: 7398: 7389: 7385: 7381: 7377: 7373: 7369: 7362: 7355: 7351: 7346: 7338: 7332: 7325: 7324:Brereton 2004 7320: 7313: 7308: 7301: 7295: 7287: 7281: 7277: 7270: 7263: 7259: 7254: 7252: 7243: 7239: 7232: 7230: 7228: 7226: 7224: 7222: 7211: 7208: 7204: 7203: 7199: 7192: 7187: 7180: 7175: 7168: 7162: 7153: 7150: 7146: 7142: 7138: 7135: 7134: 7130: 7121: 7117: 7114: 7111: 7110: 7106: 7102: 7083: 7079: 7075: 7069: 7062: 7058: 7054: 7050: 7046: 7042: 7038: 7034: 7030: 7024: 7017: 7016: 7009: 7007: 7005: 7000: 6990: 6987: 6985: 6982: 6980: 6977: 6975: 6972: 6971: 6965: 6963: 6959: 6958: 6953: 6952:Ashoka Chakra 6949: 6940: 6931: 6929: 6925: 6921: 6917: 6916: 6911: 6908:), and kama ( 6907: 6903: 6899: 6895: 6891: 6890: 6885: 6881: 6877: 6873: 6869: 6865: 6861: 6855: 6845: 6843: 6839: 6835: 6830: 6818: 6814: 6810: 6801: 6796: 6786: 6784: 6779: 6778:dharmāstikāya 6773: 6767: 6766:dharmāstikāya 6761: 6760: 6753: 6752: 6745: 6739: 6738: 6731: 6730: 6723: 6722: 6715: 6714: 6707: 6702: 6694: 6689: 6688:dharmāstikāya 6682: 6675: 6674:Dharmāstikāya 6666: 6660: 6656: 6653: 6647: 6637: 6621: 6616: 6612: 6611: 6605: 6602: 6596: 6584: 6579: 6577: 6572: 6570: 6565: 6564: 6562: 6561: 6556: 6551: 6546: 6545: 6544: 6543: 6536: 6533: 6531: 6528: 6526: 6523: 6521: 6518: 6516: 6513: 6511: 6508: 6507: 6499: 6498: 6491: 6488: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6478: 6476: 6473: 6471: 6468: 6467: 6466: 6456: 6455: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6435: 6433: 6430: 6429: 6421: 6420: 6413: 6412: 6408: 6406: 6405: 6401: 6399: 6398: 6394: 6392: 6391: 6387: 6385: 6384: 6380: 6378: 6377: 6373: 6371: 6370: 6366: 6364: 6363: 6359: 6357: 6356: 6352: 6350: 6349: 6345: 6344: 6340: 6334: 6333: 6326: 6323: 6321: 6318: 6317: 6316: 6306: 6305: 6298: 6295: 6293: 6290: 6288: 6287:Samantabhadra 6285: 6283: 6280: 6278: 6275: 6273: 6270: 6268: 6267: 6263: 6261: 6258: 6256: 6253: 6251: 6248: 6246: 6243: 6242: 6238:Major figures 6234: 6233: 6226: 6223: 6221: 6218: 6216: 6215:Navkar Mantra 6213: 6211: 6208: 6206: 6203: 6202: 6194: 6193: 6186: 6183: 6181: 6178: 6177: 6174: 6171: 6170: 6167: 6164: 6162: 6159: 6157: 6154: 6152: 6151:Satya (truth) 6149: 6147: 6144: 6143: 6140: 6137: 6136: 6135: 6125: 6124: 6117: 6114: 6112: 6109: 6107: 6104: 6102: 6099: 6097: 6094: 6092: 6089: 6087: 6084: 6082: 6079: 6077: 6074: 6072: 6069: 6067: 6064: 6062: 6059: 6057: 6054: 6053: 6049: 6043: 6042: 6037: 6034: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6018: 6017: 6016: 6012: 6008: 6007: 6004: 6001: 6000: 5996: 5992: 5991: 5987: 5974: 5970: 5967: 5964: 5960: 5957: 5956: 5955: 5952: 5950: 5940: 5938: 5934: 5933:Chan Buddhism 5927:Chan Buddhism 5924: 5922: 5918: 5917: 5912: 5908: 5904: 5899: 5897: 5893: 5889: 5885: 5880: 5878: 5874: 5870: 5866: 5865: 5860: 5857:" (Sanskrit: 5856: 5852: 5847: 5845: 5841: 5837: 5832: 5828: 5818: 5816: 5812: 5811:dhamma/dharma 5808: 5804: 5800: 5796: 5792: 5788: 5784: 5780: 5768: 5763: 5761: 5756: 5754: 5749: 5748: 5746: 5745: 5740: 5735: 5730: 5729: 5728: 5727: 5720: 5717: 5715: 5712: 5710: 5707: 5705: 5702: 5700: 5697: 5695: 5692: 5690: 5687: 5685: 5682: 5680: 5677: 5675: 5672: 5670: 5667: 5665: 5662: 5660: 5657: 5655: 5652: 5650: 5647: 5645: 5642: 5640: 5637: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5627: 5625: 5622: 5620: 5617: 5616: 5613: 5608: 5607: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5562: 5560: 5557: 5556: 5553: 5548: 5547: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5527: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5511: 5508: 5503: 5502: 5495: 5494:Vegetarianism 5492: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5480: 5477: 5475: 5472: 5470: 5467: 5465: 5462: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5449:Recollections 5447: 5445: 5442: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5427: 5425: 5422: 5420: 5419:Five precepts 5417: 5415: 5412: 5410: 5407: 5406: 5403: 5398: 5397: 5390: 5387: 5385: 5384:Chinese canon 5382: 5380: 5379:Tibetan canon 5377: 5375: 5372: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5346: 5343: 5338: 5337: 5330: 5327: 5325: 5322: 5320: 5317: 5315: 5312: 5310: 5307: 5305: 5302: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5268: 5265: 5264: 5263: 5260: 5258: 5255: 5254: 5248: 5245: 5243: 5240: 5239: 5235: 5234: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5189: 5188: 5185: 5180: 5179: 5174: 5171: 5169: 5166: 5164: 5161: 5160: 5159: 5158: 5154: 5150: 5149: 5146: 5143: 5142: 5138: 5134: 5133: 5130: 5127: 5117: 5114: 5109: 5105: 5104:Dharmashastra 5101: 5096: 5090: 5080: 5077: 5072: 5070: 5066: 5062: 5058: 5054: 5045: 5043: 5039: 5035: 5031: 5026: 5021: 5019: 5015: 5011: 5007: 5003: 4999: 4994: 4992: 4988: 4984: 4980: 4976: 4971: 4967: 4963: 4959: 4955: 4951: 4947: 4943: 4942: 4937: 4931: 4927: 4917: 4915: 4911: 4907: 4903: 4899: 4891: 4885: 4883: 4879: 4875: 4871: 4866: 4864: 4860: 4851: 4847: 4843: 4841: 4840: 4835: 4834: 4829: 4825: 4821: 4817: 4813: 4811: 4807: 4805: 4791: 4788: 4785: 4782: 4779: 4776: 4775: 4774: 4772: 4768: 4764: 4760: 4757:According to 4750: 4748: 4743: 4739: 4735: 4731: 4727: 4723: 4719: 4715: 4711: 4707: 4703: 4699: 4696: 4691: 4688: 4684: 4680: 4676: 4672: 4668: 4664: 4659: 4657: 4647: 4644: 4640: 4636: 4635: 4630: 4629: 4615: 4609: 4607: 4601: 4599: 4591: 4587: 4586: 4581: 4577: 4573: 4569: 4565: 4552: 4548: 4544: 4541: 4538: 4534: 4531: 4528:Āpad dharma, 4527: 4524: 4521: 4518: 4514: 4511: 4507: 4504: 4503: 4502: 4500: 4497:In Hinduism, 4495: 4493: 4488: 4483: 4481: 4477: 4473: 4469: 4465: 4461: 4458: 4454: 4450: 4446: 4435: 4430: 4428: 4423: 4421: 4416: 4415: 4413: 4412: 4407: 4397: 4396: 4393: 4390: 4388: 4385: 4384: 4383: 4382: 4375: 4371: 4369: 4365: 4361: 4357: 4353: 4349: 4346: 4345: 4339: 4338: 4335: 4332: 4330: 4327: 4325: 4322: 4320: 4317: 4315: 4312: 4311: 4307:Hindu culture 4305: 4304: 4301: 4298: 4297: 4294: 4291: 4290: 4286: 4282: 4281: 4278: 4273: 4272: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4259:Organisations 4257: 4255: 4252: 4250: 4247: 4243: 4240: 4239: 4238: 4235: 4234: 4228: 4227: 4224: 4221: 4220: 4217: 4214: 4213: 4210: 4207: 4206: 4203: 4201: 4197: 4196: 4193: 4190: 4188: 4185: 4183: 4180: 4178: 4175: 4174: 4171: 4168: 4167: 4163: 4159: 4158: 4152: 4151: 4144: 4143: 4139: 4137: 4136: 4132: 4130: 4129: 4125: 4123: 4122: 4118: 4116: 4115: 4111: 4109: 4108: 4104: 4102: 4101: 4097: 4095: 4094: 4090: 4088: 4087: 4083: 4081: 4080: 4076: 4074: 4073: 4069: 4067: 4066: 4062: 4060: 4059: 4055: 4053: 4052: 4048: 4047: 4043: 4039: 4038: 4035: 4034: 4030: 4028: 4027: 4023: 4021: 4020: 4016: 4015: 4011: 4007: 4003: 4002: 3999: 3998: 3994: 3992: 3991: 3987: 3985: 3984: 3983:Yoga Vasistha 3980: 3978: 3977: 3973: 3971: 3970: 3966: 3964: 3963: 3959: 3957: 3956: 3952: 3950: 3949: 3948:Natya Shastra 3945: 3943: 3942: 3938: 3936: 3935: 3931: 3929: 3928: 3924: 3922: 3921: 3917: 3915: 3914: 3910: 3908: 3907: 3903: 3901: 3900: 3896: 3894: 3893: 3889: 3887: 3886: 3885:Brahma Sutras 3882: 3880: 3879: 3875: 3873: 3872: 3868: 3866: 3865: 3861: 3859: 3858: 3854: 3853: 3849: 3845: 3841: 3837: 3836: 3833: 3832: 3831:Sthapatyaveda 3828: 3826: 3825: 3824:Gandharvaveda 3821: 3819: 3818: 3814: 3812: 3811: 3807: 3806: 3802: 3798: 3797: 3794: 3793: 3789: 3787: 3786: 3785:Varaha Purana 3782: 3780: 3779: 3778:Skanda Purana 3775: 3773: 3772: 3768: 3766: 3765: 3761: 3759: 3758: 3754: 3752: 3751: 3747: 3745: 3744: 3740: 3738: 3737: 3733: 3731: 3730: 3726: 3724: 3723: 3719: 3717: 3716: 3715:Brahma Purana 3712: 3710: 3709: 3708:Garuda Purana 3705: 3703: 3702: 3701:Matsya Purana 3698: 3696: 3695: 3694:Vāmana Purana 3691: 3689: 3688: 3684: 3682: 3681: 3677: 3675: 3674: 3670: 3668: 3667: 3666:Vishnu Purana 3663: 3662: 3658: 3653: 3649: 3648: 3645: 3644: 3640: 3638: 3637: 3633: 3632: 3628: 3624: 3623: 3620: 3618: 3614: 3612: 3611: 3610:Bhagavad Gita 3607: 3606: 3602: 3598: 3597: 3594: 3591: 3589: 3586: 3584: 3581: 3579: 3576: 3574: 3571: 3569: 3566: 3565: 3561: 3557: 3556: 3553: 3552: 3548: 3546: 3545: 3541: 3539: 3538: 3534: 3533: 3530: 3527: 3526: 3523: 3522: 3518: 3516: 3515: 3511: 3510: 3507: 3504: 3503: 3500: 3499: 3495: 3493: 3492: 3488: 3486: 3485: 3481: 3479: 3478: 3474: 3472: 3471: 3467: 3465: 3464: 3460: 3459: 3456: 3453: 3452: 3449: 3448: 3444: 3442: 3441: 3437: 3436: 3433: 3430: 3429: 3425: 3421: 3420: 3417: 3414: 3412: 3409: 3407: 3404: 3402: 3399: 3398: 3395: 3392: 3391: 3388: 3387: 3383: 3381: 3380: 3376: 3374: 3373: 3369: 3367: 3366: 3362: 3361: 3357: 3353: 3352: 3349: 3346: 3345: 3341: 3337: 3336: 3333: 3330: 3328: 3325: 3323: 3320: 3318: 3315: 3314: 3310: 3306: 3305: 3302: 3297: 3296: 3289: 3286: 3284: 3281: 3279: 3276: 3274: 3271: 3269: 3266: 3264: 3261: 3259: 3256: 3254: 3251: 3249: 3246: 3244: 3241: 3239: 3236: 3234: 3231: 3229: 3226: 3224: 3221: 3219: 3216: 3214: 3211: 3209: 3206: 3204: 3201: 3199: 3196: 3194: 3193:Radhakrishnan 3191: 3189: 3186: 3184: 3181: 3179: 3176: 3174: 3173:Narayana Guru 3171: 3169: 3166: 3164: 3161: 3159: 3156: 3154: 3153:Jaggi Vasudev 3151: 3149: 3146: 3144: 3143:Chinmayananda 3141: 3139: 3136: 3134: 3131: 3129: 3126: 3124: 3121: 3120: 3114: 3113: 3110: 3107: 3105: 3102: 3100: 3097: 3095: 3092: 3090: 3087: 3085: 3082: 3080: 3077: 3075: 3072: 3070: 3067: 3065: 3062: 3060: 3057: 3055: 3052: 3050: 3047: 3045: 3042: 3040: 3037: 3035: 3032: 3030: 3027: 3025: 3022: 3020: 3017: 3015: 3012: 3010: 3007: 3005: 3004:Ramprasad Sen 3002: 3000: 2997: 2995: 2992: 2990: 2987: 2985: 2982: 2980: 2977: 2975: 2972: 2970: 2967: 2965: 2962: 2960: 2957: 2955: 2952: 2950: 2947: 2945: 2942: 2940: 2937: 2935: 2932: 2930: 2927: 2925: 2922: 2920: 2917: 2915: 2912: 2910: 2907: 2905: 2902: 2900: 2897: 2895: 2892: 2890: 2887: 2885: 2882: 2880: 2877: 2875: 2872: 2870: 2867: 2865: 2862: 2860: 2857: 2855: 2854:Gorakshanatha 2852: 2850: 2847: 2845: 2842: 2840: 2837: 2835: 2832: 2830: 2827: 2825: 2822: 2820: 2817: 2815: 2812: 2810: 2807: 2805: 2802: 2800: 2799:Allama Prabhu 2797: 2795: 2794:Akka Mahadevi 2792: 2790: 2787: 2785: 2784:Abhinavagupta 2782: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2772: 2769: 2766: 2764: 2761: 2759: 2756: 2754: 2751: 2749: 2746: 2744: 2741: 2739: 2736: 2734: 2733:Prashastapada 2731: 2729: 2726: 2724: 2721: 2719: 2716: 2714: 2711: 2709: 2706: 2704: 2701: 2699: 2696: 2694: 2691: 2689: 2686: 2684: 2681: 2679: 2676: 2674: 2671: 2669: 2666: 2664: 2661: 2660: 2656: 2652: 2651: 2648: 2643: 2642: 2635: 2632: 2628: 2625: 2624: 2623: 2620: 2616: 2613: 2611: 2608: 2606: 2603: 2602: 2601: 2598: 2597: 2593:Other schools 2591: 2590: 2585: 2584: 2580: 2578: 2577: 2573: 2571: 2570: 2569:Shuddhadvaita 2566: 2564: 2563: 2559: 2557: 2556: 2552: 2550: 2549: 2545: 2543: 2542: 2538: 2537: 2536: 2533: 2531: 2528: 2526: 2523: 2521: 2518: 2516: 2513: 2511: 2508: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2498: 2495: 2490: 2489: 2482: 2479: 2475: 2472: 2470: 2467: 2465: 2462: 2461: 2460: 2457: 2455: 2452: 2450: 2447: 2445: 2442: 2440: 2437: 2435: 2432: 2430: 2427: 2425: 2422: 2420: 2417: 2415: 2412: 2410: 2407: 2403: 2400: 2398: 2395: 2393: 2390: 2389: 2388: 2385: 2383: 2380: 2378: 2375: 2373: 2370: 2369: 2365: 2361: 2360: 2357: 2354: 2352: 2349: 2347: 2344: 2342: 2339: 2337: 2334: 2332: 2329: 2327: 2324: 2322: 2319: 2317: 2314: 2312: 2309: 2307: 2304: 2302: 2299: 2297: 2294: 2292: 2289: 2287: 2284: 2282: 2279: 2277: 2274: 2273: 2269: 2265: 2264: 2261: 2258: 2256: 2253: 2251: 2250:Kalaripayattu 2248: 2246: 2243: 2241: 2238: 2236: 2233: 2231: 2228: 2226: 2223: 2221: 2218: 2216: 2213: 2211: 2208: 2206: 2203: 2201: 2198: 2196: 2193: 2191: 2188: 2186: 2185:Bharatanatyam 2183: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2173: 2170: 2167: 2165: 2162: 2160: 2157: 2155: 2152: 2150: 2147: 2145: 2142: 2140: 2137: 2135: 2132: 2130: 2127: 2125: 2122: 2120: 2117: 2116: 2112: 2108: 2107: 2104: 2101: 2099: 2096: 2094: 2091: 2089: 2086: 2085: 2079: 2078: 2075: 2072: 2070: 2067: 2065: 2064:Nritta-Nritya 2062: 2060: 2057: 2055: 2052: 2050: 2047: 2045: 2042: 2040: 2037: 2035: 2032: 2030: 2027: 2025: 2022: 2020: 2017: 2015: 2012: 2010: 2007: 2005: 2002: 2000: 1997: 1995: 1992: 1990: 1987: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1977: 1975: 1972: 1970: 1967: 1966: 1961: 1957: 1956: 1950: 1949: 1942: 1939: 1937: 1934: 1932: 1929: 1927: 1924: 1922: 1919: 1917: 1914: 1913: 1909: 1905: 1904: 1901: 1898: 1896: 1893: 1891: 1888: 1886: 1883: 1881: 1878: 1876: 1873: 1871: 1868: 1866: 1863: 1861: 1858: 1856: 1853: 1851: 1848: 1846: 1843: 1841: 1838: 1836: 1833: 1831: 1828: 1826: 1823: 1821: 1818: 1816: 1813: 1811: 1808: 1807: 1801: 1800: 1797: 1794: 1792: 1789: 1787: 1784: 1782: 1779: 1777: 1774: 1772: 1769: 1767: 1764: 1762: 1759: 1757: 1754: 1752: 1749: 1747: 1744: 1742: 1739: 1736: 1733: 1731: 1728: 1726: 1723: 1721: 1718: 1717: 1711: 1710: 1707: 1704: 1702: 1699: 1697: 1694: 1692: 1689: 1688: 1685: 1682: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1672: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1661: 1659: 1656: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1646: 1643: 1640: 1638: 1635: 1633: 1630: 1628: 1625: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1615: 1612: 1609: 1607: 1604: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1584: 1581: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1567: 1561: 1560: 1557: 1554: 1552: 1549: 1545: 1542: 1540: 1537: 1536: 1535: 1532: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1522: 1519: 1516: 1514: 1511: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1501: 1499: 1496: 1495: 1489: 1488: 1485: 1482: 1480: 1477: 1476: 1470: 1469: 1466: 1461: 1460: 1453: 1450: 1448: 1445: 1443: 1440: 1438: 1435: 1433: 1430: 1428: 1425: 1423: 1420: 1418: 1415: 1413: 1410: 1408: 1405: 1403: 1400: 1398: 1395: 1393: 1390: 1389: 1386: 1383: 1382: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1371: 1369: 1366: 1364: 1361: 1359: 1356: 1354: 1351: 1349: 1346: 1344: 1341: 1339: 1336: 1334: 1331: 1329: 1326: 1325: 1322: 1320: 1316: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1302: 1301: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1288: 1285: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1275: 1272: 1269: 1267: 1264: 1262: 1259: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1249: 1246: 1241: 1240: 1232: 1231: 1226: 1225: 1222: 1219: 1217: 1214: 1212: 1209: 1207: 1204: 1203: 1197: 1196: 1193: 1188: 1187: 1180: 1177: 1175: 1172: 1170: 1167: 1166: 1165: 1164: 1158: 1155: 1153: 1150: 1148: 1145: 1143: 1140: 1138: 1135: 1133: 1130: 1124: 1121: 1120: 1118: 1110: 1109: 1104: 1101: 1099: 1096: 1095: 1094: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1084: 1081: 1078: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1068: 1056: 1050: 1046: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1025:Day proposes 1023: 1021: 1017: 1012: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 982: 980: 975: 973: 969: 965: 961: 957: 953: 952:Emperor Asoka 945: 941: 940: 935: 931: 927: 926:Emperor Asoka 923: 918: 909: 907: 903: 899: 895: 891: 887: 886: 880: 878: 874: 871: 867: 863: 862:Indo-European 859: 857: 854:and twice as 853: 850:, 4 times as 849: 845: 841: 837: 833: 828: 824: 821: 817: 813: 809: 805: 800: 797: 793: 789: 785: 781: 777: 776: 771: 768:According to 761: 759: 755: 752:In Buddhism, 750: 748: 744: 740: 739: 734: 729: 727: 723: 719: 714: 710: 706: 702: 698: 694: 690: 685: 683: 679: 675: 671: 667: 662: 660: 656: 652: 649:", "order", " 648: 644: 640: 636: 631: 629: 625: 621: 617: 613: 609: 605: 601: 591: 589: 587: 575: 571: 567: 563: 559: 558: 553: 549: 546: 541: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 519: 515: 513: 507: 503: 500:, and in the 499: 494: 492: 491: 486: 482: 480: 474: 470: 465: 463: 459: 455: 451: 448: 444: 440: 436: 432: 429: 423: 399: 391: 387: 383: 382:Brahmi script 379: 375: 371: 367: 363: 358: 349: 347: 343: 342: 337: 334:), and kama ( 333: 329: 325: 324: 319: 315: 310: 308: 304: 300: 296: 294: 289: 285: 284: 283:dhamma/dharma 279: 275: 271: 267: 263: 259: 254: 252: 248: 244: 243: 238: 234: 230: 226: 221: 219: 215: 210: 206: 202: 195: 189: 180: 175: 169: 145: 136: 129: 121: 118:Sannyasa and 114: 100: 88: 74: 65: 58: 44: 40: 33: 19: 11311:Buddhist law 11210:Iccha-mrityu 11175:Satkaryavada 11075:Nididhyasana 11060:Matsya Nyaya 10979: 10794:Madhvacharya 10624:Adi Shankara 10617:Philosophers 10600: 10593: 10576: 10557: 10550: 10541:Shiva Sutras 10531:Sangam texts 10523: 10516: 10507:Nyāya Sūtras 10487: 10480: 10463: 10453:Brahma Sutra 10452: 10444: 10437: 10432:Arthashastra 10430: 10423: 10365:Pratyabhijna 10245:Anekantavada 9999: 9990: 9977: 9963: 9946: 9928: 9924: 9899: 9895: 9873: 9854: 9845: 9820: 9816: 9797: 9759: 9755: 9726: 9722: 9702: 9681: 9661: 9636: 9632: 9607: 9603: 9583: 9554: 9548: 9529: 9504: 9500: 9475: 9471: 9452: 9433: 9430:Flood, Gavin 9411: 9394: 9390: 9367: 9352:(2): 43–61. 9349: 9345: 9312: 9308: 9286: 9281: 9269: 9250: 9244: 9235: 9229: 9200: 9194: 9184: 9172: 9152: 9145: 9125: 9118: 9098: 9091: 9071: 9064: 9048: 9043: 9027: 9022: 9002: 8997: 8977: 8944: 8937: 8925: 8913: 8901: 8881: 8874: 8854: 8847: 8835: 8824: 8788: 8784: 8780: 8776: 8770: 8762: 8741: 8733: 8728: 8719: 8713: 8705: 8697: 8688: 8672: 8611: 8605: 8598:Widgery 1930 8593: 8584:, New York: 8581: 8576: 8567: 8544: 8536: 8532: 8527: 8518: 8452: 8440: 8428: 8416: 8392: 8387: 8335: 8319: 8306: 8283: 8265: 8258:Ingalls 1957 8220: 8213:Ingalls 1957 8208: 8198:, retrieved 8189: 8179: 8163: 8140: 8128: 8123:, p. 8. 8116: 8089: 8077: 8064: 8055:Rosen (2006) 8040: 8032: 8002: 7997: 7985: 7977: 7972: 7957: 7950: 7934: 7929: 7902: 7859: 7852: 7844: 7840: 7836: 7816: 7804: 7792: 7775: 7754:Flood (1998) 7746: 7736: 7727: 7716: 7689: 7679: 7660: 7653: 7645: 7633: 7620: 7610: 7606: 7599: 7595: 7568: 7550: 7541: 7529: 7493: 7488: 7438: 7426: 7416:14 September 7414:. Retrieved 7408: 7371: 7367: 7361: 7345: 7331: 7319: 7307: 7299: 7294: 7275: 7269: 7261: 7241: 7206: 7198: 7186: 7174: 7166: 7161: 7140: 7129: 7119: 7105: 7081: 7073: 7068: 7060: 7056: 7052: 7048: 7044: 7040: 7036: 7032: 7028: 7023: 7013: 6961: 6957:dharmachakra 6955: 6947: 6945: 6927: 6923: 6913: 6909: 6905: 6901: 6897: 6893: 6887: 6879: 6875: 6871: 6857: 6837: 6812: 6806: 6697:धर्मास्तिकाय 6684: 6673: 6664: 6658: 6635: 6608: 6606: 6594: 6592: 6525:Jain symbols 6409: 6402: 6395: 6388: 6381: 6374: 6367: 6360: 6353: 6346: 6264: 6225:Jai Jinendra 6198:Jain prayers 6172: 6138: 6086:Kevala Jnana 6056:Anekantavada 5972: 5962: 5953: 5946: 5930: 5915: 5907:Three Jewels 5902: 5900: 5895: 5891: 5881: 5876: 5868: 5862: 5858: 5855:three realms 5850: 5848: 5843: 5830: 5826: 5824: 5810: 5802: 5798: 5778: 5776: 5444:Merit making 5409:Three Jewels 5349:Buddhavacana 5279:Impermanence 5267:Dharma wheel 5241: 5129: 5112: 5107: 5099: 5094: 5092: 5075: 5073: 5068: 5064: 5060: 5052: 5051: 5041: 5024: 5022: 5001: 4998:four āśramas 4995: 4990: 4986: 4982: 4978: 4969: 4961: 4953: 4949: 4945: 4939: 4935: 4933: 4913: 4897: 4895: 4889: 4881: 4880:and what is 4877: 4873: 4869: 4868: 4858: 4857: 4848: 4844: 4837: 4831: 4827: 4815: 4814: 4809: 4806:of Patanjali 4803: 4800: 4770: 4766: 4756: 4746: 4741: 4737: 4726:Yudhishthira 4713: 4710:Yudhishthira 4701: 4697: 4692: 4674: 4670: 4666: 4660: 4653: 4650:In the Epics 4642: 4632: 4626: 4625: 4605: 4603: 4583: 4579: 4567: 4561: 4546: 4529: 4509: 4498: 4496: 4491: 4486: 4484: 4471: 4467: 4463: 4459: 4444: 4443: 4366: / 4362: / 4358: / 4354: / 4352:and Buddhism 4350: / 4314:Architecture 4277:Other topics 4215: 4198: 4170:Four varnas: 4169: 4140: 4133: 4126: 4119: 4112: 4105: 4098: 4091: 4084: 4077: 4070: 4063: 4056: 4049: 4031: 4024: 4017: 3995: 3988: 3981: 3974: 3967: 3960: 3955:Panchatantra 3953: 3946: 3939: 3932: 3925: 3918: 3911: 3906:Nyāya Sūtras 3904: 3897: 3890: 3883: 3876: 3869: 3864:Artha Śastra 3862: 3855: 3829: 3822: 3815: 3808: 3790: 3783: 3776: 3771:Kūrma Purana 3769: 3764:Linga Purana 3762: 3757:Shiva Purana 3755: 3748: 3743:Padma Purana 3741: 3734: 3727: 3720: 3713: 3706: 3699: 3692: 3685: 3678: 3671: 3664: 3641: 3634: 3619:s (Hinduism) 3616: 3608: 3549: 3542: 3535: 3529:Atharvaveda: 3528: 3519: 3512: 3505: 3496: 3489: 3482: 3475: 3468: 3461: 3454: 3445: 3438: 3431: 3393: 3384: 3377: 3370: 3363: 3243:Shraddhanand 3218:Ravi Shankar 3198:R. D. Ranade 3059:Śyāma Śastri 3054:Swaminarayan 3014:Rupa Goswami 2924:Morya Gosavi 2884:Jiva Goswami 2789:Adi Shankara 2615:Pratyabhijña 2581: 2574: 2567: 2560: 2553: 2546: 2539: 2346:Samavartanam 2326:Vidyāraṃbhaṃ 2311:Annaprashana 2235:Dandiya Raas 2210:Mohiniyattam 2103:Nididhyāsana 1908:Epistemology 1840:Brahmacharya 1720:Ātman (self) 1683: 1627:Brahmacharya 1595: 1556:Saccidānanda 1508:Panchikarana 1384: 1317: 1308: / 1304:Other major 1228: 1162: 1161: 1116: 1048: 1045:are linked: 1042: 1038: 1030: 1026: 1024: 1019: 1015: 998: 994: 990: 988: 976: 949: 943: 937: 933: 893: 883: 881: 877:Indo-Iranian 872: 865: 860: 855: 851: 847: 844:satyadharman 843: 835: 829: 825: 801: 787: 779: 773: 772:, author of 767: 753: 751: 746: 742: 736: 732: 730: 725: 721: 717: 712: 692: 688: 686: 681: 677: 673: 669: 665: 663: 654: 634: 632: 627: 623: 597: 583: 572:he used the 555: 551: 542: 537: 529: 520:: धर्म). In 509: 495: 488: 476: 472: 466: 453: 449: 442: 438: 434: 430: 397: 395: 365: 345: 339: 335: 331: 327: 321: 313: 311: 306: 292: 281: 261: 255: 246: 240: 236: 224: 222: 213: 204: 143: 142: 43: 11331:Natural law 11316:Puruṣārthas 11255:Vivartavada 11145:Rājamaṇḍala 11100:Paramananda 10900:Apauruṣheyā 10895:Anupalabdhi 10754:Vivekananda 10719:Dharmakirti 10679:Buddhaghosa 10669:Yājñavalkya 10476:Jain Agamas 10471:Hindu texts 10350:Navya-Nyāya 10286:Svatantrika 10281:Sautrāntika 10170:Vaisheshika 9876:. Praeger. 8973:Paul Dundas 8781:Mizuko Kuyo 8734:Ratio Juris 8490:Hacker 2006 8477:, p. . 8411:, p. . 8145:Grimes 1996 8133:Grimes 1996 8109:Grimes 1996 8082:Conlon 1994 7922:Koller 1972 7895:Hacker 2006 7809:Horsch 2004 7797:Horsch 2004 7726:"adharma", 7694:Jacobs 2010 7671:, pp. 80–95 7573:Jacobs 2010 7481:Horsch 2004 7352:, pp. 7191:Coward 2004 7109:see below: 6811:, the word 6783:metaphysics 6733:(non-soul, 6701:ontological 6620:daśa dharma 6617:, mentions 6535:Topics list 6460:Pilgrimages 6411:Valayapathi 6310:Major sects 6297:Yashovijaya 6101:Brahmacarya 5864:bhavachakra 5679:New Zealand 5534:Bodhisattva 5519:Four Stages 5474:Monasticism 5454:Mindfulness 5424:Perfections 5354:Early Texts 5006:brahmacārya 4902:Paul Hacker 4822:, suggests 4818:is part of 4804:Yoga Sutras 4695:Mahabharata 4570:concept in 4543:Yuga dharma 4478:, conduct, 4360:and Judaism 4356:and Sikhism 4324:Iconography 4249:Nationalism 4242:Persecution 4026:Shiva Stuti 3920:Yoga Sutras 3750:Agni Purana 3652:Other texts 3643:Mahabharata 3386:Atharvaveda 3283:Vivekananda 3208:Rama Tirtha 3203:Ramakrishna 3178:Nigamananda 3168:Mahesh Yogi 3044:Sripadaraja 3034:Siddheshwar 2929:Mukundarāja 2909:Madhusūdana 2899:Kanaka Dasa 2824:Chakradhara 2768:Yajnavalkya 2758:Vishvamitra 2627:Pancharatra 2525:Vaisheshika 2481:Ratha Yatra 2429:Janmashtami 2424:Rama Navami 2341:Ritushuddhi 2316:Chudakarana 2306:Nishkramana 2276:Garbhadhana 2245:Pandav Lila 2154:Bhakti yoga 2039:Prāyaścitta 1810:Niti śastra 1658:Bhakti yoga 1637:Vānaprastha 1452:Vishvakarma 1385:Post-Vedic: 1221:Vaishnavism 1163:Traditional 968:Paul Hacker 930:Afghanistan 904:, Sumerian 900:, Egyptian 820:Atharvaveda 778:, the word 745:, the word 550:translated 506:Atharvaveda 299:Tirthankara 11290:Categories 11205:Svātantrya 11095:Paramatman 11050:Kshetrajna 11025:Ishvaratva 10965:Cittabhumi 10960:Chidabhasa 10910:Asiddhatva 10830:Abhasavada 10804:Guru Nanak 10739:Vasubandhu 10565:Upanishads 10559:Tirukkuṟaḷ 10518:Panchadasi 10323:Bhedabheda 10271:Madhyamaka 10111:Monotheism 9539:0791430677 8791:(2): 477. 8702:Gonda, Jan 8445:Woods 1914 8433:Woods 1914 8421:Woods 1914 8409:Woods 1914 8236:. p. 124. 8200:2024-04-11 8186:"Kumārila" 8039:"Dharma", 8001:"Dharma", 7522:Rosen 2006 7374:(3): 351. 7179:Flood 1994 7092:References 6979:Dhammapada 6904:), artha ( 6889:Tirukkuṟaḷ 6747:), space ( 6613:, a major 6447:Samvatsari 6442:Paryushana 6325:Śvetāmbara 6292:Haribhadra 6282:Siddhasena 6277:Kundakunda 6185:Sallekhana 6111:Gunasthana 6106:Aparigraha 6048:Philosophy 5795:the Buddha 5552:Traditions 5489:Pilgrimage 5429:Meditation 5389:Post-canon 5369:Pāli Canon 5299:Middle Way 5196:The Buddha 5124:See also: 5014:vānprastha 4941:Manusmriti 4930:Puruṣārtha 4765:explained 4763:Vātsyāyana 4643:Mimamsakas 4576:Upanishads 4200:Varna-less 4072:Tiruppukal 4033:Vayu Stuti 3997:Panchadasi 3990:Swara yoga 3878:Kama Sutra 3817:Dhanurveda 3477:Taittiriya 3455:Yajurveda: 3447:Kaushitaki 3424:Upanishads 3416:Upanishads 3340:Scriptures 3188:Prabhupada 3104:Vidyaranya 2989:Ram Charan 2964:Prabhākara 2879:Jayatīrtha 2834:Dadu Dayal 2829:Chāngadeva 2688:Bharadwaja 2678:Ashtavakra 2444:Kumbh Mela 2392:Durga Puja 2321:Karnavedha 2301:Nāmakaraṇa 2230:Yakshagana 2159:Karma yoga 2149:Jnana yoga 2144:Hatha yoga 2081:Meditation 2054:Tirthadana 1835:Aparigraha 1691:Paramātman 1676:Liberation 1668:Karma yoga 1663:Jnana yoga 1392:Dattatreya 1192:Traditions 1117:Historical 870:Indo-Aryan 848:dharmavant 758:the Buddha 701:Upanishads 594:Definition 532:. In some 518:Devanagari 439:to support 330:), artha ( 323:Tirukkuṟaḷ 295:in Jainism 251:Puruṣārtha 184:pronounced 11306:Hindu law 11065:Mithyatva 10955:Chaitanya 10950:Catuṣkoṭi 10915:Asatkalpa 10890:Anavastha 10865:Aishvarya 10784:Sakayanya 10779:Sadananda 10744:Gaudapada 10729:Nagarjuna 10684:Patañjali 10500:Principal 10482:Kamasutra 10276:Yogachara 10195:Raseśvara 9975:(1955) . 9857:. Wiley. 9786:234164343 9778:2331-1886 9492:146705129 9337:170807380 9329:0022-1791 9221:144101632 8978:The Jains 8930:Jain 2012 8918:Jain 2011 8906:Cort 2001 8840:Cort 2001 7734:"adharma" 7388:1467-9795 7097:Citations 7012:From the 6974:Ayyavazhi 6920:Naladiyar 6836:connotes 6755:), time ( 6685:The term 6615:Jain text 6593:The word 6520:Jain flag 6510:Ekendriya 6485:Shikharji 6425:Festivals 6320:Digambara 6272:Ganadhara 6061:Cosmology 5959:Pariyatti 5954:In Pali: 5949:Theravada 5815:phenomena 5803:paṭipatti 5799:pariyatti 5699:Sri Lanka 5689:Singapore 5644:Indonesia 5584:Vajrayāna 5559:Theravāda 5514:Awakening 5402:Practices 5359:Tripiṭaka 5329:Cosmology 5304:Emptiness 5284:Suffering 5089:Hindu law 4960:). Other 4910:atmatusti 4824:Patanjali 4616:, 1.4.xiv 4523:Svadharma 4374:Criticism 4368:and Islam 4329:Mythology 4182:Kshatriya 4114:Athichudi 4051:Tirumurai 3969:Tirumurai 3578:Vyākaraṇa 3514:Chandogya 3506:Samaveda: 3394:Divisions 3372:Yajurveda 3332:Ātmatuṣṭi 3288:Yogananda 3263:Trailanga 3258:Sivananda 3123:Aurobindo 3109:Vyasaraja 3074:Tyagaraja 3024:Sankardev 2994:Ramananda 2889:Jñāneśvar 2864:Harivansh 2849:Gaudapada 2814:Chaitanya 2753:Vashistha 2723:Patanjali 2703:Jamadagni 2622:Vaishnava 2610:Pashupata 2387:Navaratri 2364:Festivals 2331:Upanayana 2296:Jatakarma 2281:Pumsavana 2200:Kuchipudi 2195:Kathakali 2164:Rāja yoga 2098:Samādhāna 1979:Prarthana 1953:Practices 1880:Svādhyāya 1484:Mythology 1479:Cosmology 1472:Worldview 1417:Kartikeya 1348:Prajapati 1287:Saraswati 806:, mainly 568:. In the 396:The word 380:) in the 376:: Dharma 352:Etymology 288:phenomena 11230:Tanmatra 11225:Tajjalan 11215:Syādvāda 11115:Pradhana 11090:Padārtha 11055:Lakshana 11000:Ekagrata 10845:Adrishta 10840:Adarsana 10818:Concepts 10799:Mahavira 10764:Ramanuja 10714:Chanakya 10649:Avatsara 10644:Valluvar 10584:Vedangas 10398:Gandhism 10301:Medieval 10250:Syādvāda 10235:Charvaka 10207:Pāṇiniya 10101:Idealism 9796:(1999). 9624:23497148 9581:(2011). 9571:23497312 8975:(2003). 8805:30673995 8355:Archived 8275:Archived 8242:59170383 8194:archived 7990:Day 1982 7537:"Dharma" 7405:"dharma" 7312:Day 1982 7238:"Dharma" 7139:(2009), 6968:See also 6693:Sanskrit 6662:— 6655:writes: 6604:(holy). 6475:Palitana 6260:Mahavira 6250:Rishabha 6180:Sāmāyika 6031:Timeline 5995:a series 5993:Part of 5859:tridhatu 5838:and the 5709:Thailand 5669:Mongolia 5664:Malaysia 5629:Cambodia 5594:Navayana 5574:Hinayana 5569:Mahāyāna 5479:Lay life 5309:Morality 5289:Not-self 5247:Concepts 5206:Councils 5191:Timeline 5163:Glossary 5145:Buddhism 5137:a series 5135:Part of 5120:Buddhism 5018:sannyāsa 5010:gṛhastha 4887:— 4865:states: 4718:Ramayana 4698:, dharma 4687:Lakshman 4663:Ramayana 4611:— 4590:Sanskrit 4449:Hinduism 4387:Glossary 4319:Calendar 4254:Hindutva 4177:Brahmana 3848:samhitas 3840:Shastras 3810:Ayurveda 3801:Upavedas 3636:Ramayana 3627:Itihasas 3593:Jyotisha 3560:Vedangas 3544:Mandukya 3440:Aitareya 3432:Rigveda: 3411:Aranyaka 3406:Brahmana 3379:Samaveda 3094:Valluvar 3089:Vallabha 3069:Tulsidas 2999:Ramanuja 2949:Nayanars 2934:Namadeva 2776:Medieval 2718:Kashyapa 2634:Charvaka 2605:Kapalika 2469:Puthandu 2459:Vaisakhi 2356:Antyesti 2336:Keshanta 2260:Adimurai 2255:Silambam 2220:Sattriya 2205:Manipuri 1890:Mitahara 1870:Santosha 1830:Achourya 1642:Sannyasa 1632:Gṛhastha 1491:Ontology 1465:Concepts 1253:Trimurti 1216:Smartism 1211:Shaktism 1206:Shaivism 1080:Hinduism 1072:a series 1070:Part of 1063:Hinduism 1052:— 972:eusebeia 939:eusebeia 856:dhariman 840:Rig-veda 832:Hinduism 707:and the 682:sanatana 659:loanword 612:Buddhism 608:Hinduism 564:and the 557:eusebeia 479:dhárman- 454:dharman- 428:Sanskrit 374:Sanskrit 366:dha-ṃ-ma 258:Buddhism 233:Hinduism 174:Sanskrit 135:teachers 11275:More... 11245:Upekkhā 11240:Uparati 11220:Taijasa 11195:Śūnyatā 11165:Saṃsāra 11160:Samadhi 11125:Prakṛti 11080:Nirvāṇa 11030:Jivatva 11020:Ikshana 10975:Devatas 10945:Bhumika 10935:Brahman 10925:Avyakta 10870:Akrodha 10850:Advaita 10809:More... 10704:Jaimini 10608:More... 10318:Advaita 10308:Vedanta 10266:Śūnyatā 10225:Ājīvika 10217:Nāstika 10185:Vedanta 10180:Mīmāṃsā 10160:Samkhya 10140:Ancient 10096:Atomism 10091:Atheism 9916:1396832 9837:1397421 9743:1398120 9653:1396833 9521:1396742 9297:Sources 9207:: 453. 7845:dhárman 7837:dhárman 7638:, 2007. 7260:(1986) 6817:Punjabi 6803:Sikhism 6795:Sikhism 6789:Sikhism 6737:anātman 6717:(soul, 6628: 6601:mangala 6515:Temples 6266:Arihant 6116:Saṃsāra 6026:History 6003:Jainism 5980:Jainism 5873:essence 5871:as the 5719:Vietnam 5674:Myanmar 5589:Tibetan 5579:Chinese 5507:Nirvāṇa 5324:Saṃsāra 5319:Rebirth 5184:History 5173:Outline 4975:asramas 4882:Adharma 4874:Adharma 4854:Sources 4839:niyamas 4801:In the 4730:deities 4693:In the 4639:Jaimini 4628:Mimamsa 4480:virtues 4392:Outline 4187:Vaishya 4155:Society 4006:Stotras 3657:Puranas 3583:Nirukta 3573:Chandas 3568:Shiksha 3551:Prashna 3537:Mundaka 3401:Samhita 3365:Rigveda 3228:Samarth 3064:Tukaram 3009:Ravidas 2748:Valmiki 2698:Jaimini 2668:Angiras 2663:Agastya 2655:Ancient 2541:Advaita 2535:Vedanta 2530:Mīmāṃsā 2510:Samkhya 2397:Ramlila 2139:Sādhanā 2029:Tarpana 2014:Kīrtana 2009:Bhajana 1960:Worship 1885:Shaucha 1860:Akrodha 1706:Saṃsāra 1570:Ishvara 1539:Nirguna 1534:Brahman 1498:Tattvas 1422:Krishna 1407:Hanuman 1402:Ganesha 1338:Chandra 1333:Ashvins 1297:Parvati 1292:Lakshmi 1279:Tridevi 1245:Deities 1152:Śramaṇa 1132:History 1113:Origins 1103:History 1035:Rigveda 979:deities 964:Aramaic 873:dhárman 852:dharman 836:Dharman 816:deities 804:Deities 796:Brahman 792:Rigveda 784:Rigveda 764:History 747:adharma 738:adharma 705:Puranas 620:Jainism 616:Sikhism 574:Aramaic 522:Prakrit 512:dhárma- 504:of the 485:deities 475:-stem, 469:Rigveda 467:In the 435:to hold 388:in his 362:Prakrit 303:Sikhism 218:adharma 18:Dharmic 11250:Utsaha 11200:Sutram 11190:Sthiti 11185:Sphoṭa 11155:Sakshi 11140:Puruṣa 11120:Prajna 11085:Niyama 11045:Kasaya 10990:Dravya 10980:Dharma 10940:Bhuman 10930:Bhrama 10885:Ananta 10880:Anatta 10875:Aksara 10860:Ahimsa 10835:Abheda 10825:Abhava 10774:Raikva 10694:Kapila 10689:Kanada 10386:Modern 10360:Shaiva 10328:Dvaita 10230:Ajñana 10190:Shaiva 10148:Āstika 10131:Moksha 10084:Topics 10007: 9914: 9880: 9861: 9835: 9804: 9784: 9776: 9741: 9710: 9689: 9668: 9651: 9622: 9591: 9569: 9536: 9519: 9490: 9459: 9440: 9418: 9375: 9335: 9327: 9257: 9219: 9160: 9133: 9106: 9079: 9055: 9034: 9009: 8985: 8952: 8889: 8862: 8825:Dhamma 8803: 8777:Dharma 8759:dhamma 8679: 8618: 8378: 8346: 8298: 8240: 8232: 8170: 8047: 8009: 7964: 7955:"Māyā" 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