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happy ending, dictated by compromise, not only negates the meaning of
Bettauer's book but also the very real antisemitism that it reflects. Instead it documents a by no means unthinkable and in no way dreamlike reality This surprising turn of the plot, deviating totally from the literary original, which simplifies the action as the content of a dream, cannot merely be regarded as a simple dramatic exigency, but as a prime example of the Austrian soul's ability to repress. This naĂŻve and perhaps crude experiment from 1924 can be taken as a forerunner of what was generally practiced after
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of the book, but also represents a change of direction within the film itself, which is thus revealed as the dream of an antisemite who at last comes to the realization that the Jews are a "necessary evil". The reason for these deviations from the original was to reduce the controversial political impact of the content.
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The film was made in 1924, about two years after the publication of
Bettauer's novel. It differs from the book in several ways: for example, the city in the film is called "Utopia", instead of "Vienna". The film also has a conciliatory happy ending, which is not only the exact opposite of the message
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This sequence also represents the divergence of the film from the book, as the action of the film is revealed as a dream of the antisemitic
Councillor Bernard. This turn of events was described in the original film program as,"In this moment of the highest distress Councillor Bernard awakes from his
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In many places the film follows the original book almost word for word, which makes the
Utopian ending even more obviously an expression of appeasement. In the end the surprised audience learns that the entire dramatic action only took place in a dream, and thus never really happened. The on-screen
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The premiere took place on 25 July 1924 in Vienna, although there were still technical problems with the film. Bettauer and
Breslauer, the director, fell out entirely, and Bettauer later refused to acknowledge any connection between the film and his book. The technically inferior prints of the film
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In 2015, a copy of the whole film in excellent condition was found in a flea market in Paris. The
Austrian Film Archive organized a crowd-funding campaign to save the film to which more than 700 people contributed more than €86,000 (£72,000; $ 107,000). This full version of the film was digitally
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Towards the end of the film, the
National Assembly resolves to bring the Jews back again. However, to achieve the necessary two-thirds majority, Lotte and Leo, who have already illegally returned to Austria with forged papers identifying him as a French painter, have to remove the antisemitic
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comes to power, and the new
Chancellor Dr. Schwerdtfeger, a fanatical antisemite, sees his people as being ruled by the Jews. He, therefore, has a law passed by the National Assembly forcing all Jews to emigrate by the end of the year. The law is enthusiastically received by the non-Jewish
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The political characters of the book (although not of the film, to avoid difficulties with censorship) are delineated in such a way as to be identifiable with real politicians of the period; Bundeskanzler
Schwerdtfeger, for example, is based on
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In his novel, published in 1922, Hugo
Bettauer succeeded in creating a relatively accurate allegorical vision of the near future. Although the book was intended for entertainment and as a satirical response to the primitive
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of the 1920s, it immediately became Bettauer's most popular work. It was translated into several languages, and sold over a quarter of a million copies. Shortly after the premiere of the film Hugo Bettauer was murdered by
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dream, finds himself in the tavern at a very late hour and says to the baffled Volbert; Thank God that stupid dream is over—we are all just people and we don't want hate—we want life—we want to live together in peace.'"
363:), which they do by getting him drunk. He is committed to a psychiatric institution represented in Expressionist scenery, where in a claustrophobic and asymmetrically painted cell, he sees himself threatened by
458:, who was hailed as a hero and despite being found guilty of murder, was sent to a mental hospital and, after 18 months, set free. A fair amount of money was collected from the general public for him.
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The film was Hans Moser's second cinematic role. The female lead was played, as so often in Breslauer's films, by Anny (or Anna) Milety, whom he later married (in 1925). The well-known Jewish actors
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A campaign of vilification against Bettauer was instigated, partly because of this film and partly because of his other activities. In the spring of 1925 he was murdered by a
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appeared only in minor roles, as Kathi the cook and Isidor the commissionaire. The Expressionist backdrops and decor that characterise some scenes were the work of
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were often manually cut and shortened by the cinema owners themselves. Nevertheless, the cinema auditoriums were often full, not only in Austria but also in
276:, who was lionized by the antisemitic Austrian masses and was released less than two years after having been committed to a psychiatric institution.
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The film—which sparked furious reactions in the mid-1920s—was believed to have been lost until a copy was discovered in a Paris flea market in 2015.
499:; faded parts were then re-colored. In October 2008, the film was made available on a portable medium for the first time as part of the DVD series
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713:"Gottlob, daß der dumme Traum vorbei ist – wir sind ja alle nur Menschen und wollen keinen Haß – Leben wollen wir – ruhig nebeneinander leben"
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selling sausages. After an initial upturn, the economy declines, as business has greatly diminished, and has moved to other cities, such as
439:). It was very clear that the success of the film was not as great as that of the book. There were sometimes disturbances at performances:
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as a protest against Hitler's Germany. This copy of the film is presumably the same as the one discovered in 1991 in the
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population, and the Jews leave the country. Cultural life later becomes impoverished, in the theatres only plays by
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In 1933, the film was shown commercially for the last time, again causing a stir, when it was screened in the
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821:. Ă–sterreichisches Filmarchiv, Vienna, (Schriftenreihe des Ă–sterreichischen Filmarchivs; Folge 26).
545:, a 2004 film on the effects of the sudden disappearance of all Mexican immigrants on American life
659:"City Without Jews, The (1924): Hans Karl Breslauer's Controversial Austrian Film | Emanuel Levy"
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777:"Long-lost film that predicted rise of anti-Semitism has ominous message for today's world"
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341:. Besides the political action, the film also notes the love relationship between Lotte (
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and has therefore been well researched. The film was first shown on 25 July 1924 in
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therefore made an "emergency copy", which was then reconstructed on behalf of the
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base and on the point of disintegration, as well as being incomplete. The German
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Gutenberg.spiegel.de Die Stadt ohne Juden – Bettauer's novel online
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491:(Austrian Film Archive) by the company HS-ART Digital Service of
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251:. The film is one of the few surviving Expressionist films from
828:. Filmarchiv Austria, Vienna (Reihe Edition Film und Text. 3.)
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798:"'Lost' film predicting rise of Nazism returns to screen"
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New York : Bloch, 1926 English language translation
333:. Inflation and unemployment are consistently depicted.
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Rezension von Guntram Geser and Armin Loacker (eds.):
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www.korso.at – Informationsmagazin für die Steiermark
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Ballhausen, Thomas; Krenn, GĂĽnter (September 2006).
856:is available for free viewing and download at the
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359:parliamentary representative Bernard (played by
817:Walter Fritz und Josef Schuchnig (eds.), 1991:
681:"A Wary Silence: Karl Kraus in Interwar Vienna"
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824:Guntram Geser und Armin Loacker (eds.), 2000:
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443:often threw stinkbombs into the cinemas; in
847:"DIE STADT OHNE JUDEN" COMPLETE SILENT FILM
819:Die Stadt ohne Juden. Materialien zum Film
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744:, July 2001 (retrieved 19 January 2008)
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435:(premiere 1928, where it was shown as
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977:Films directed by Hans Karl Breslauer
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553:, a similar novel likely inspired by
529:Thomas Ballhausen, GĂĽnter Krenn, 2006
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679:Alexander P. Moulton (Winter 2002).
608:Die Stadt ohne Juden – Olga Neuwirth
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402:(Bundeskanzler Dr. Schwerdtfeger),
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754:Söderling, Trygve (19 July 2019).
507:restored and re-released in 2018.
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321:are empty, or are converted into
27:1924 film by Hans Karl Breslauer
919:. Filmarchiv Austria, Wien 2000
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757:"En tidig varning för nazismen"
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952:Films based on Austrian novels
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775:Noack, Rick (30 March 2018).
764:(in Swedish). pp. 24–25.
716:. Kivur, Nr. 1346, o.J., o.S.
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387:(billed as "Werbezirk") and
345:), a typical Viennese girl (
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580:Der Mann ohne Eigenschaften
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967:Jews and Judaism in Vienna
870:LibriVox Audiobook edition
317:are still performed. Many
98:Walterskirchen und Bittner
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694:: 15–43. Archived from
542:A Day Without a Mexican
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245:novel of the same title
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306:Christian Social Party
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173:25 July 1924
157:(new arrangement 2017)
151:(new arrangement 2000)
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863:The City Without Jews
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555:The City Without Jews
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473:Nederlands Filmmuseum
447:the film was banned.
437:The City Without Jews
414:(Volbert's wife) and
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235:) is a 1924 Austrian
219:The City Without Jews
917:Die Stadt ohne Juden
905:Die Stadt ohne Juden
894:Die Stadt ohne Juden
826:Die Stadt ohne Juden
740:Heimo Halbrainer on
431:(premiere 1926) and
408:Ferdinand Mayerhofer
233:Die Stadt ohne Juden
83:Die Stadt ohne Juden
35:Die Stadt ohne Juden
18:Die Stadt ohne Juden
957:Films set in Vienna
781:The Washington Post
550:Berlin Without Jews
441:National Socialists
422:Performance history
241:Hans Karl Breslauer
53:Hans Karl Breslauer
987:Films about dreams
523:ohne Eigenschaften
489:Filmarchiv Austria
393:Julius von Borsody
315:Ludwig Anzengruber
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834:978-3-901932-08-3
796:(29 March 2018).
762:Hufvudstadsbladet
701:on 17 March 2007.
511:Critical reaction
497:Joanneum Research
477:cellulose nitrate
418:(Alois Carroni).
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922:(in German)
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343:Anny Milety
125:Anny Milety
95:Produced by
69:Ida Jenbach
49:Directed by
937:1924 films
931:Categories
664:20 October
642:19 January
595:References
452:Nazi Party
404:Karl Thema
389:Armin Berg
375:Background
361:Hans Moser
323:beer halls
274:Nazi Party
193:80 minutes
177:1924-07-25
120:Hans Moser
59:Written by
577:'s novel
463:Amsterdam
225:‹See Tfd›
137:Hugo Eywo
802:BBC News
535:See also
527:—
465:theatre
454:member,
433:New York
331:Budapest
239:film by
208:Language
142:Music by
103:Starring
78:Based on
638:: 35–39
485:Coblenz
253:Austria
202:Austria
198:Country
175: (
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429:Berlin
327:Prague
300:(1924)
257:Vienna
229:German
211:German
699:(PDF)
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561:Notes
468:Carré
319:cafes
910:IMDb
830:ISBN
666:2022
644:2008
493:Graz
445:Linz
329:and
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280:Plot
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247:by
87:by
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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