1026:(LegCo), and two prison inmates, successfully challenged disenfranchisement provisions in the LegCo electoral laws. The court found blanket disfranchisement of prisoners to be in violation of Article 26 of the Basic Law and Article 21 of the Bill of Rights and the denial to persons in custody of access to polling stations as against the law. The government introduced a bill to repeal the provisions of the law disenfranchising persons convicted of crimes (even those against the electoral system) as well as similar ones found in other electoral laws, and it made arrangements for polling stations to be set up at detention centers and prisons. LegCo passed the bill, and it took effect from 31 October 2009, even though no major elections were held until the middle of 2011.
147:(the right to vote) of a person or group of people, or a practice that has the effect of preventing someone from exercising the right to vote. Disfranchisement can also refer to the revocation of power or control of a particular individual, community, or being to the natural amenity they have; that is to deprive of a franchise, of a legal right, of some privilege or inherent immunity. Disfranchisement may be accomplished explicitly by law or implicitly through requirements applied in a discriminatory fashion, through intimidation, or by placing unreasonable requirements on voters for registration or voting. High
1421:
553:, which authorized the federal government to monitor voter registration practices and elections where populations were historically underrepresented, and to enforce constitutional voting rights. The challenge to voting rights has continued into the 21st century, as shown by numerous court cases in 2016 alone, though attempts to restrict voting rights for political advantage have not been confined to the Southern states. Another method of seeking political advantage through the voting system is the
194:
705:
253:
36:
1678:) allow some, but not all, persons with felony convictions to vote after having completed their sentences. Some have qualifications of this: for example, Delaware does not restore the franchise until five years after release of a person. Similarly, Kentucky requires that the person take action to gain restoration of the franchise.
1696:, an organization in the United States working to reduce arbitrary prison sentences for minor crimes and to ameliorate the negative effects of incarceration to enable persons to rejoin society after completing sentences. Its website provides a wealth of statistical data that reflects opposing views on the issue, and data from the
973:
the People Act, 1950 refers to persons disqualified from registering in an electoral roll due to “corrupt practices and other offenses in connection with elections” (Please see
Section 16 of the Representation of the People Act, 1950 and Section 62 Subsection 2 of the Representation of the People Act, 1951).
430:, would have granted all British expatriates the unlimited right to vote, as long as they have lived in the UK at some point in their lives. The issue became a hotly debated topic among British expatriates who have lived in other EU Member States for more than 15 years and were thus barred from voting in the
989:
the abrogation of political rights is a form of punishment used in sentencing, available only for some crimes or along with a sentence of death or imprisonment for life. Rights that are suspended in such a sentence is the right to qualifications for being a public official or becoming a candidate for
976:
No person is ineligible to vote in India solely by reason of being on parole. For example, Shamsher Singh, who was convicted of the assassination of former Punjab Chief
Minister Beant Singh, voted for the first time after he was released on parole while serving a sentence of life imprisonment (Please
959:
In New
Zealand, people who are in prison are not entitled to enroll while they are in prison. Persons who are convicted of electoral offenses in the past three years cannot vote or stand for office. In November 2018, the New Zealand Supreme Court ruled that such restrictions are inconsistent with the
924:
In 1983 this disqualification was relaxed and prisoners serving a sentence for a crime punishable under the law for less than a maximum five years were allowed to vote. A further softening occurred in 1995 when the loss of voting rights was limited to those serving a sentence of five years or longer,
817:
Equipment—Polling stations must be clearly signposted. Low-to-the-ground polling booths and voting equipment must be available. Equipment must enable independent voting by visually and/or physically impaired voters. In 2005, 30% of UK polling stations were not in compliance with the law that requires
598:
When the
District of Columbia was established as the national capital, with lands contributed by Maryland and Virginia, its residents were not allowed to vote for local or federal representatives, in an effort to prevent the district from endangering the national government. Congress had a committee,
1254:
It remains the government's view that the right to vote goes to the essence of the offender's relationship with democratic society, and the removal of the right to vote in the case of some convicted prisoners can be a proportionate and proper response following conviction and imprisonment. The issue
972:
In addition pursuant to
Section 62 Subsection 2 of the Representation of the People Act, 1951 a person is ineligible to vote if he or she is subjected to the disqualifications “referred to in section 16 of the Representation of the People Act, 1950 (43 of 1950)”. Section 16 of the Representation of
874:
Proponents of disenfranchising those convicted of crimes have argued that persons who commit felonies have 'broken' the social contract, and have thereby given up their right to participate in a civil society. Some argue that felons have shown poor judgment, and that they should therefore not have a
613:
Congress uses the same portion of the US Constitution to exclusively manage local and State level law for the citizens of
Washington, D.C. and US military bases in the US. Until 1986, military personnel living on bases were considered to have special status as national representatives and prohibited
1097:, are barred from voting while in prison. In Germany the disenfranchisement by special court order lasts 2–5 years after which the right to vote is reinstated. The described special court orders rarely ever occur, so that about 1-2 persons a year in all of Germany lose their right to vote this way.
571:
State governments have had the right to establish requirements for voters, voter registration, and conduct of elections. Since the founding of the nation, legislatures have gradually expanded the franchise (sometimes following federal constitutional amendments), from certain propertied white men to
968:
Pursuant to
Section 62 Subsection 5 of the Representation of the People Act, 1951, all convicted prisoners, detained prisoners and persons who are in police custody in India are disqualified from voting. This law has been challenged in court, most notably in the Praveen Kumar Chaudhary vs Election
364:
Non-resident Indian citizens may vote from abroad by applying to be registered as non-resident electors as long as they have not obtained citizenship in another country. They must be "absent from the country owing to employment, education etc, not acquired citizenship of any other country and are
1160:
added a loss of only the right to stand for an election, against some offenders above a certain threshold of imprisonment: it operates administratively, with fixed duration and without intervention of the court. Many court actions have been presented, but the electoral disputes follows antiquated
1374:
Inmates are allowed to vote in Israel and ballot boxes are present in prisons on election day. They do not suffer disfranchisement following release from prison after serving their sentence, parole, or probation. Neither courts nor prison authorities have the power to disqualify any person from
478:
Democrats were alarmed by a late 19th-century alliance between
Republicans and Populists that cost them some elections in North Carolina. Democrats added to previous efforts and achieved widespread disfranchisement by law: from 1890 to 1908, Southern state legislatures passed new constitutions,
622:
reestablished local government after a hundred-year gap, with regular local elections for mayor and other posts. They do not elect a US senator. People seeking standard representation for the 600,000 District of
Columbia residents describe their status as being disfranchised in relation to the
1713:
the 2000 presidential election (Uggen & Manza, 2002). Similarly, if not for felon disenfranchisement, Democratic senatorial candidates would likely have prevailed in Texas (1978), Kentucky (1984 and 1992), Florida (1988 and 2004), and
Georgia (1992) (Manza & Uggen, 2006, p. 194).
1053:
the Court in 2005 found general rules for automatic disfranchisements resulting from convictions to be contrary to the European Convention on Human Rights. This ruling applied equally for prisoners and for ex-convicts. It did not exclude the possibility of disfranchisement as a consequence of
950:
enshrined a limited right to vote, which meant that citizens serving relatively short prison sentences (generally less than three years) cannot be barred from voting. The threshold of three years or more sentence will only result in removal of a prisoner's right to vote in federal elections.
769:
issues need to be considered in electoral law, voter registration, provisions for postal voting, the selection of polling stations, the physical equipment of those polling stations and the training of polling station staff. This disfranchisement may be a deliberate facet of electoral law, a
1194:, stated that the ruling may result in some, but not all, prisoners being able to vote. The consultation is to be the subject of Judicial Review proceedings in the High Court. Separate challenges by the General Secretary of the Association of Prisoners, Ben Gunn, by way of petition to the
634:
country (US industrialized allies) had disfranchised citizens of their respective national capitals for national legislature elections. No US state prohibits residents of capitals from voting in state elections either, and their cities are contained within regular representative state and
663:
Contrary to common misconception, residents of Puerto Rico pay some U.S. federal taxes and contribute to Social Security, Medicare and other programs through payroll taxes. But, these American citizens have no Congressional representation nor do they vote in U.S. presidential elections.
1034:
In general, during the recent centuries, the European countries have increasingly made suffrage more accessible. This has included retaining disenfranchisement in fewer and fewer cases, including for criminal offenses. Moreover, most European states, including most of those outside the
402:
or have lived in mainland Norway for 3 years. These rules disenfranchised an estimated one-third of the voter roll compared to the previous election in 2019, including almost the entire community of non-Norwegians living in the town. The previous rules allowed anyone who had resided on
1082:, intimidation of voters, etc.) and for a duration of two to five years. All convicts sentenced to at least one year in prison automatically lose the right to be elected in public elections for a duration of five years, and lose all positions they held as a result of such an election.
331:
Chileans living abroad may vote in presidential elections and presidential primaries, but not in elections to the national legislature or for regional government officials. The right to vote was extended to Chileans abroad in 2014 by Law No. 20.748; the bill was sponsored by Senators
951:
Depending on the threshold of exclusion which is distinct in each state, a prisoner may be able to vote in either state elections or federal elections. For example, prisoners in New South Wales serving a sentence of longer than one year are not entitled to vote in state elections.
584:, to women (except Native American women) in 1920, all Native Americans in 1924, and people over the age of 18 in the 1970s. Public interest groups focus on fighting disfranchisement in the United States amid rising concerns that new restrictions on voting are become more common.
1708:
1999). Excluding felons provided "a small but clear advantage to Republican candidates in every presidential and senatorial election from 1972 to 2000" (Manza & Uggen, 2006, p. 191). In addition, felon disenfranchisement may have changed the course of history by costing
1356:
Moreover, many European countries encourage people to vote, such as by making pre-voting in other places than the respective election locales easily accessible. This often includes possibilities for prisoners to pre-vote from the prison itself. This is the case for example in
2479:
Since 1917 they have been considered American citizens. 39 Stat. 954, 48 USCA 734 "The statutory laws of the United States not locally inapplicable, except as hereinbefore or hereinafter otherwise provided, shall have the same force and effect in Porto Rico as in the United
879:. Voter restrictions affect civic and communal participation in general. Opponents argue that felony disenfranchisement can create political incentives to skew criminal law in favor of disproportionately targeting groups who are political opponents of those who hold power.
855:. In the US, those are generally crimes of incarceration for a duration of more than a year and/or a fine exceeding $ 1000. Jurisdictions vary as to whether they make such disfranchisement permanent, or restore suffrage after a person has served a sentence, or completed
1259:
Parliament voted in favor of maintaining disenfranchisement of prisoners in 2011 in response to Government plans to introduce legislation. Since then the Government has repeatedly stated that prisoners will not be given the right to vote in spite of the ECHR ruling.
660:, "no federal law has ever been found to be locally inapplicable to Puerto Rico. Puerto Ricans were conscripted into the U.S. armed forces; they have fought in every war since they became U.S. citizens in 1917. Puerto Rico residents are subject to most U.S. taxes.
602:
In 1804, US Congress cancelled holding US presidential elections in Washington, D.C. or allowing residents to vote in them. Amendment 23 was passed by Congress and ratified in 1964 to restore the ability of District residents to vote in presidential elections.
1451:
Many states intentionally retract the franchise from convicted felons, but differ as to when or if the franchise can be restored. In those states, felons are also prohibited from voting in federal elections, even if their convictions were for state crimes.
653:, although Puerto Rico is not a state. Due to the Federal Relations Act of 1950, all federal laws that are "not locally inapplicable" are automatically the law of the land in Puerto Rico (39 Stat. 954, 48 USCA 734). According to ex-Chief of the
804:
Postal Voting—Postal voting for disabled voters requires ballots that are appropriate for visually impaired voters. The lack of a private, accessible voting booth makes postal voting inappropriate for others with specific physical and other
479:
constitutional amendments, and laws that made voter registration and voting more difficult, especially when administered by white staff in a discriminatory way. They succeeded in disenfranchising most of the black citizens, as well as many
882:
In Western countries, felony disenfranchisement can be traced back to ancient Greek and Roman traditions: removal of the franchise was commonly imposed as part of the punishment on those convicted of "infamous" crimes, as part of their
617:
The position of non-voting delegate to Congress from the District was reestablished in 1971. The delegate cannot vote for bills before the House, nor floor votes, but may vote for some procedural and committee matters. In 1973, the
373:
The Norwegian constitution of 1814, paragraph 53, stated that anyone being in service of another power, buying or selling votes, or being convicted to forced labor would be disfranchised. Paragraph 53 was repealed by the parliament
425:
In February 2018, the Overseas Electors Bill was presented to Parliament, with a view to abolishing the 15-year limit and the requirement to have registered to vote before leaving the UK. The Bill, which ran out of time due to the
789:
Eligibility—Some nations restrict the franchise based on measured intellectual capacity. Potential voters with learning impairments, mental health issues, or neurological impairments may also find themselves barred from voting by
1703:
Such disenfranchisement policy currently excludes one in six African-American males. For example, in the 1998 elections, at least 10 states formally disenfranchised 20 percent of African-American voters due to felony convictions
599:
appointed from among representatives elected to the House, that administered the city and district in lieu of local or state government. Residents did not vote for federal representatives who were appointed to oversee them.
179:
Most countries or regions set a minimum voting age, and disenfranchise all citizens younger than this age. The most common voting age is 18, though some countries have minimum voting ages set as young as 16 or as old as 21.
483:
in the South, and voter rolls dropped dramatically in each state. The Republican Party was nearly eliminated in the region for decades, and the Democrats established one-party control throughout the southern states.
821:
Staff—Staff must understand the necessity of taking steps to ensure access and be able to show voters how to use equipment such as physical templates, as well as in "disability etiquette" to avoid patronizing these
572:
almost universal adult suffrage of age 18 and over, with the notable exclusion of people convicted of some crimes. Expansion of suffrage was made on the basis of lowering property requirements, granting suffrage to
2717:
920:
denied the franchise to vote to anyone 'attainted of treason, or who had been convicted and is under sentence or subject to be sentenced for any offence ... punishable by imprisonment for one year or longer'.
1730:, disfranchisement due to criminal conviction is an exception, meted out separately in a particular sentence. Losing voting rights is usually imposed on a person convicted of a crime against the state (see
1209:, those unlawfully at large from such sentences, and those committed to psychiatric institutions as a result of a criminal court sentencing process). Civil prisoners sentenced (for non-payment of fines, or
310:
Voting in Australia is compulsory for resident citizens. Australian citizens who have been outside Australia for more than one but fewer than six years may excuse themselves from the requirement to vote in
2778:
1183:
ruled that First Protocol Article 3 requires Member States to proactively support voting by authorized inmates. In the UK, as of 2009 this policy is under review as in other European countries like Italy.
421:
British citizens are allowed to vote at home with no time limit. Until 2024, they were not allowed to vote in UK General Elections or referendums if they reside outside the country for more than 15 years.
2613:
Bowers, Melanie M; Preuhs, Robert R (September 2009). "Collateral Consequences of a Collateral Penalty: The Negative Effect of Felon Disenfranchisement Laws on the Political Participation of Nonfelons".
491:
ran against the party nominee, Taft. In the South by this time, the Republican Party had been hollowed out by the disfranchisement of African Americans, who were largely excluded from voting. Democrat
538:, leading to gaps in program coverage and discrimination against them in operations. In addition, because black Southerners were not listed on local voter rolls, they were automatically excluded from
1156:
In Italy, the most serious offenses involve the loss of voting rights, while for less serious offenses disqualification the judge can choose if there will be some disenfranchisement. Recently, the
356:
are in general not allowed to vote in Danish elections if they reside outside the country for more than two years. Danish citizens that reside permanently outside Denmark lose their right to vote.
2011:
A Supreme Court of Canada judgment rendered on January 11, 2019, further cemented the electoral reform in Canadian law by finding that voting is a constitutional right for all Canadian citizens.
808:
Polling Stations—Polling stations must offer the same physical accessibility that apply to other public facilities (parking, ramps, etc.) There must be sufficient polling stations to minimize
441:
pledged to abolish what the called the "arbitrary 15-year limit" in their manifesto for the 2019 general election, in which they were subsequently elected. The change was implemented in 2024.
1882:
777:
disfranchisement. This may result from the transition from non-disabled to disabled, from changes in the effects of a disability, or changes in the accessibility of the electoral process.
3967:
614:
from voting in elections where their bases were located. In 1986, Congress passed a law to enable US military personnel living on bases in the US to vote in local and state elections.
4406:
3663:
1070:, all convicts are allowed to vote while in prison unless the loss of the right to vote is part of the sentence; courts can only apply this sentence for specific "political" crimes (
2839:
1747:
the constitution protects the right of prisoners to vote. The Constitutional Court has struck down two attempts by the government to deny the vote to convicted criminals in prison.
499:
since 1856. He was re-elected in 1916, in a much closer presidential contest. During his first term, Wilson satisfied the request of Southerners in his cabinet and instituted overt
847:
of people otherwise eligible to vote due to conviction of a criminal offense is usually restricted to the more serious class of crimes. In some common law jurisdictions, those are
812:, which discriminates against those with mobility, pain or fatigue-based impairments. In 2005, 68% of polling stations in the UK were potentially inaccessible to disabled voters.
4161:
416:
4166:
4146:
4136:
3897:
1274:
In an attempt to put an end to the embittered standoff between the Human Rights Court and national courts, in 2017 the Government promised to marginally extend the franchise.
977:
see news article dated February 20, 2022 from the Tribune News Service entitled, “Out on parole, Beant Singh murder convict Shamsher Singh votes for first time in Patiala”).
4156:
4151:
4141:
4131:
1246:, stated that the review may result in the UK allowing some prisoners to vote. In 2010 the UK was still reviewing the policy, following an "unprecedented warning" from the
4792:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
3688:
Gennaro F. Vito, J. Eagle Shutt, and Richard Tewksbury, "Estimating the Impact of Kentucky’s Felon Disenfranchisement Policy on 2008 Presidential and Senatorial Elections"
4171:
3690:
2861:
557:, as was the case of North Carolina, which in January 2018 was declared by a federal court to be unconstitutional. Such cases are expected to reach the Supreme Court.
526:
became entrenched in Congress. They favored seniority privileges in Congress, which became the standard by 1920, and Southerners controlled chairmanships of important
323:
Residency requirements for Canadian citizens were ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court of Canada in 2019. All Canadian citizens can vote in Canadian elections.
165:
Women used to be disfranchised. Feminism has successfully managed to claim voting rights in most countries, though material or social disfranchement continues widely.
4094:
770:
consequence of a failure to consider the needs of anyone other than non-disabled electors, or an ongoing failure to respond to identified shortcomings in provision.
4098:
4090:
3712:
1392:
431:
2772:
1293:
In several other European countries, no disenfranchisements due to criminal convictions exist. European countries that allow inmates to vote (as of 2012) include
4512:
4027:
2323:
4435:
4383:
4086:
3614:
4082:
868:
464:
4401:
2932:
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1942:
3964:
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566:
4797:
4418:
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to vote while serving a sentence, but automatically restore the franchise to the person upon completion of a sentence. In Iowa, in July 2005, Governor
3461:
3275:
4061:
3077:
2398:
2253:
1173:
suspends suffrage of some but not all prisoners. For example, civil prisoners sentenced for nonpayment of fines can vote. Prior to the judgment in
2448:
518:
enjoyed "about 25 extra seats in Congress for each decade between 1903 and 1953". Also, the Democratic dominance in the South meant that southern
4787:
3139:
3135:
2689:
2509:
4295:
4056:
1773:
1410:
1179:, convicted prisoners had the right to vote in law but without assistance by prison authorities, voting was unavailable to them. In Hirst, the
864:
793:
Registration—Registration difficulties may disfranchise disabled people through inadequate access provisions. For instance the United Kingdom (
204:
3202:
Giampiero Buonomo, La Consulta striglia la Regione Abruzzo. Giurisdizione domestica nel mirino condannato? Diritto e giustizia, 25 marzo 2006
1761:
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1191:
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had been planning legislation to extend voting rights to all prisoners. Disenfranchisement does not continue after release from jail/prison.
450:
875:
voice in the political decision-making process. Opponents have argued that such disfranchisement restricts and conflicts with principles of
4781:
3667:
3240:
Giampiero Buonomo, Enti locali: le incompatibilità di Sicilia. Comune o Regione, così scatta l’aut aut Diritto e giustizia, 28 gennaio 2006
2847:
2302:
2197:
1243:
3221:
Giampiero Buonomo, Candidature, norme ormai anacronistiche. L’incompatibilità è uno status da rivedere Diritto e giustizia, 16 aprile 2005
3108:
610:" (returned) to Virginia to protect slavery. People residing there (in what is now Alexandria), vote in local, Virginia and US elections.
463:
in 1877. They were enacted by Southern states at the turn of the 20th century. Their actions were designed to thwart the objective of the
4300:
2054:
1851:
1397:
4592:
4448:
4440:
2592:
2072:
773:
Note that in the case of disabled voters the issue may be actual loss of the franchise of someone previously able to vote, rather that
3748:
2741:
1918:
667:
Juan Torruella and other scholars argue that the U.S. national-electoral process is not a democracy due to issues related to lack of
3997:
3992:
801:
is updated annually by a largely paper-based process; this provides poor accessibility to people with visual or learning impairments.
3638:
2277:
4352:
4041:
2867:
1839:
3199:
2796:
1395:
grants "every citizen of Canada" the right to vote, without further qualification, a constitutional right upheld as to inmates in
2959:
2143:
500:
3743:"Election Readiness: It Is Never Too Late for Transparency", October 2004, from Fair Election International (FEI), a project of
3191:
Giampiero Buonomo, Il condannato? Siede in Parlamento. Storia di un corto circuito normativo Diritto e giustizia, 22 aprile 2006
3015:
1220:
The UK was previously subject to Europe-wide rules due to various treaties and agreements associated with its membership of the
4269:
3188:
680:
100:
4340:
3687:
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4305:
4022:
1859:
1202:
72:
3664:"Governor McAuliffe Provides Update on Restoration of Rights Numbers - WVIR NBC29 Charlottesville News, Sports, and Weather"
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for discussion by a Joint Committee, incorporating two clear options for reform and one which would retain the blanket ban.
1255:
of voting rights for prisoners is one that the government takes very seriously and that remains under careful consideration.
4391:
4071:
3949:
2527:
2411:
1855:
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did not include imprisonment, and hence those in prison on election day were in practice unable to vote, although those on
1106:
427:
3218:
1689:
used his executive power in 2017 to restore voting rights to about 140,000 people with criminal backgrounds in the state.
4530:
4474:
4423:
4046:
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3929:
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1268:
1040:
895:
jurisdictions developed punishments that provided for some form of exclusion from the community for felons, ranging from
676:
554:
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public office (including those by elections, national exams, or direct appointment), But still have the right to vote.
79:
4413:
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4036:
3982:
3959:
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3402:
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rules and the danger of causes seamless in terms of eligibility and incompatibility is very high, also at local level.
619:
593:
468:
17:
1058:). The United Kingdom has not respected this Court opinion, although it is a signatory to the convention (see below).
4525:
744:
722:
607:
340:, Hernán LarraĂan Fernández and Patricio Walker Prieto. The law also allowed Chileans residing abroad to vote in the
292:
270:
234:
119:
53:
3237:
2184:"Lov om valg til Stortinget, fylkesting og kommunestyrer (Valgloven) - Kapittel 2. Stemmerett og manntall - Lovdata"
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341:
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1994:
344:. Of nearly 60,000 registered overseas voters, 30,912 Chileans from 65 countries participated in the referendum.
86:
4818:
4489:
4396:
4125:
4002:
3919:
3892:
2863:
The right to vote is not enjoyed equally by all Australians: 4. Recent changes to the Electoral Laws in Australia
1767:
1003:
672:
2880:
Vicki Lee Roach v Electoral Commissioner and Commonwealth of Australia, 30 August 2007, High Court of Australia.
1553:
issued an executive order restoring the right to vote for all persons who have completed supervision, which the
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3924:
3882:
3866:
2568:
1950:
1235:
1180:
1044:
942:
831:
The disability rights movement in the UK has increased attention on electoral accessibility. Campaigns such as
726:
496:
391:
274:
57:
1692:
Disfranchisement due to criminal conviction, particularly after a sentence is served, has been opposed by the
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3977:
3954:
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1230:
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68:
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3939:
3934:
3914:
668:
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1238:(ECHR) ruled such a ban to be disproportionate, the policy was reviewed by the UK government. In 2005 the
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4367:
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2814:
1800:
312:
2390:
2183:
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4503:
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534:, legislation establishing numerous national social programs were passed without the representation of
3376:
although not specifically felons; the distinction between felony and misdemeanor was abolished by the
4320:
4310:
4290:
4103:
3174:
2700:
2641:
Siegel, Jonah A. (January 1, 2011). "Felon Disenfranchisement and the Fight for Universal Suffrage".
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1847:
1843:
1195:
1187:
947:
654:
550:
399:
3356:
3276:"Voting Rights of Convicted Prisoners Detained within the United Kingdom, Second stage consultation"
2956:
In the neutral field in Strasbourg is still wide open the play on rule of law in electoral matters:
1141:
overturned the High Court ruling and the bill was withdrawn. Following the 2005 ECHR ruling in the
4249:
4203:
3574:
1972:"Australian Electoral Commission, "Voting Overseas – Frequently Asked Questions", 20 November 2007"
1906:
Tullock, Gordon. "Entry barriers in politics." The American Economic Review 55.1/2 (1965): 458-466.
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46:
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2907:"Supreme Court upholds decision saying ban on prisoner voting inconsistent with Bill of Rights"
2198:"Tine er bekymret for lokaldemokratiet: – Ungdommer som har bodd her hele livet får ikke stemt"
2028:"LEY 20748 REGULA EL EJERCICIO DEL SUFRAGIO DE LOS CIUDADANOS QUE SE ENCUENTRAN FUERA DEL PAĂŤS"
456:
3545:. Translations of Finnish acts and decrees. Ministry of Justice, Finland. 1998. pp. 1, 24
3535:
3309:
93:
4264:
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3377:
3016:
https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/deutsches-strafrecht-wahlbuerger-hinter-gittern-1.1442183
1795:
1282:
Several other European countries permit disenfranchisement by special court order, including
1134:
644:
511:, American military forces were segregated, with black soldiers poorly trained and equipped.
504:
216:
2163:
2076:
4699:
4668:
4607:
4461:
3831:
2747:
1805:
1790:
1621:
1474:
1122:
1109:, there is no disenfranchisement based on criminal conviction, and prisoners remain on the
683:
has officially stated that it favors fixing the remaining "deficits of democracy" that the
577:
434:, despite arguably being more affected by the result than British people living in the UK.
365:
otherwise eligible to be registered as a voter in the address mentioned in your passport."
333:
2423:
1685:) permanently disfranchises persons with felony convictions. In Virginia, former Governor
212:
8:
4567:
4244:
3811:
3642:
3055:
1314:
1225:
1148:, the Electoral (Amendment) Act 2006 was passed to allow postal voting by all prisoners.
1130:
1023:
160:
3639:"State of Delaware - Department of Elections for New Castle County - Voter Registration"
2254:"Government delivering on pledge to give back British expats the right to vote – GOV.UK"
1700:
government and various state governments about the practice of felony disfranchisement.
1434:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
1375:
exercising the right to vote in national elections, whatever the cause of imprisonment.
1201:
In the United Kingdom, prohibitions from voting are codified in section 3 and 3A of the
4739:
4676:
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1247:
1210:
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535:
148:
2690:"LOSING THE VOTE: The Impact of Felony Disenfranchisement Laws in the United States"
2164:"Kunngjøring av Stortingets vedtak 1. juni 2022 om endringer i Grunnloven - Lovdata"
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In response to the ECHR ruling, Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice
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657:
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3427:
2913:. New Zealand Media and Entertainment. Archived from the original on 26 April 2019
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4229:
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2598:
2531:
2513:
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2027:
1971:
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1089:
the law calls on prisons to encourage prisoners to vote. Only those convicted of
1079:
1015:
832:
2675:
Eli L. Levine, "Does the Social Contract Justify Felony Disenfranchisement?", 1
2524:
2303:"UK again vows to give Brits in France 'votes for life' but is it all too late?"
1834:
Despite the South's excessive representation relative to voting population, the
4681:
4362:
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1810:
1526:
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688:
543:
492:
337:
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2990:
2460:
1697:
1585:
1573:
1538:
1114:
766:
691:
administrations publicly recognized through Presidential Task Force Reports.
417:
Right of expatriates to vote in their country of origin § United Kingdom
3330:
2391:"North Carolina Is Ordered to Redraw Its Congressional Map (Published 2018)"
2055:"Overseas voting process implemented successfully during Chilean referendum"
514:
Disfranchisement had far-reaching effects in Congress, where the Democratic
4731:
4723:
2792:
2662:
1782:
1744:
1640:
1613:
1609:
1597:
1075:
684:
3056:"Dáil Eireann - 05/Oct/2006 Electoral (Amendment) Bill 2006: Second Stage"
3851:
2654:
1731:
1667:
1636:
1550:
1346:
1287:
884:
650:
519:
515:
508:
606:
In 1846, the portion of Washington, D.C. contributed from Virginia was "
3841:
3511:
2544:
The Supreme Court and Puerto Rico: The Doctrine of Separate and Unequal
1628:
1589:
1514:
1326:
892:
762:
729: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
480:
277: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
174:
1905:
761:
for disabled electors can result in the selective disfranchisement of
679:
reject Commonwealth status. The remaining political organization, the
4540:
3357:"Representation of the People Act 1983 (c. 2) – Statute Law Database"
2278:"Chloe Smith writes about votes for life for British expats – GOV.UK"
2098:"Lov om valg til Folketinget – Valgret og valgbarhed", 10 April 2014"
1778:
1671:
1542:
1498:
1490:
1322:
1019:
860:
539:
530:, as well as leadership of the national Democratic Party. During the
382:
for more than 10 years may not vote unless they make an application.
151:
to the political competition can disenfranchise political movements.
3403:"Prisoners must be allowed to vote, Council of Europe warns Britain"
2449:"Is America a democracy? If so, why does it deny millions the vote?"
1205:. Excluded are incarcerated criminals (including those sentenced by
704:
252:
35:
3787:
3564:
Sauvé v. Canada (Chief Electoral Officer), 3 SCR 519, 2002 SCC 68.
3462:"Council of Europe accepts UK compromise on prisoner voting rights"
2230:"As more U.K. expats get the vote, Japan's ballot box stays closed"
1727:
1682:
1663:
1655:
1632:
1577:
1565:
1522:
1506:
1502:
1494:
1470:
1462:
allow prison inmates as well as probationers and parolees to vote.
1113:
at their pre-imprisonment address. Prior to 2006, the grounds for
888:
809:
573:
472:
404:
375:
144:
3175:
Severino: c'è un giudice a Strasburgo Mondoperaio, 21 ottobre 2015
936:
legislated in 2006 to ban all prisoners from voting. In 2007, the
2447:
Rao, Ankita; Kelly, Kim; Dillon, Pat; Bennett, Zak (2019-11-07).
1756:
1710:
1675:
1659:
1651:
1647:
1581:
1569:
1459:
1358:
1350:
1310:
1306:
1298:
1294:
1094:
1086:
1071:
1067:
353:
969:
Commission of India case, but the plaintiffs were unsuccessful.
2362:
The Two Reconstructions: The Struggle for Black Enfranchisement
1605:
1561:
1546:
1510:
1486:
1466:
1388:
1342:
1334:
1318:
1283:
986:
896:
856:
848:
844:
379:
3078:"Europe court rules prisoners should be let vote in elections"
2349:
Struggle for mastery: Disfranchisement in the South, 1888-1908
2026:
Ministerio SecretarĂa General de la Presidencia (2015-05-03).
1842:
losing seats in Congress due to reapportionment following the
835:'s 'Polls Apart' have exposed violations at polling stations.
4756:
2774:
Inside outcasts: prisoners and the right to vote in Australia
2597:
The 'Polls Apart' campaign, run by the UK disability charity
2412:
Is Partisan Gerrymandering Legal? Why the Courts Are Divided.
2073:"Udlandsdanskeres Valgret (økonomi- og indenrigsministeriet)"
1723:
1530:
1478:
1455:
1338:
1198:, and John Hirst to the Committee of Ministers are underway.
999:
887:," whereby these persons would lose all rights and claim to
623:
federal government. They do vote in presidential elections.
459:
to prevent black citizens voting began after the end of the
3756:
2993:
2118:
1737:
1643:) allow probationers to vote, but not inmates or parolees.
1617:
1601:
1482:
1137:
or serving sentences of less than six months. In 2001, the
631:
627:
3134:
Breathnach -v- Ireland & anor; IESC 59: Judgments of
1858:
also lost Congressional seats after the former census and
1624:
allow probationers and parolees to vote, but not inmates.
785:
Access presents special difficulties for disabled voters.
4793:
Art in the women's suffrage movement in the United States
3701:, June 2009, Volume 73 Number 1, accessed 6 February 2015
3516:
2492:
Puerto Rico: The Trials of the Oldest Colony in the World
2202:
1995:"Who can vote? Canadian electoral reform facts vs. fears"
2699:
and the Sentencing Project. October 1998. Archived from
1393:
Section 3 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
3713:"Prisoner Disenfranchisement: Four Judicial Approaches"
1093:
and crimes undermining the "democratic order", such as
794:
549:
Political enfranchisement expanded with passage of the
3109:"Go-ahead for prisoners to cast vote at next election"
3025:
3023:
2612:
2223:
2221:
1919:"Millions of Women Still Don't Have the Right to Vote"
3615:"Felony Disenfranchisement Laws in the United States"
2746:, Australian Review of Public Affairs, archived from
2446:
2424:"State Felon Voting Laws - Felon Voting - ProCon.org"
1043:, and thereby agreed to respect the decisions of the
869:
loss of rights due to conviction for criminal offense
503:
throughout federal government workplaces, as well as
465:
Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
4513:
Centenary of Women's Suffrage Commemorative Fountain
3620:. The Sentencing Project. March 2011. Archived from
3281:. Ministry of Justice. April 8, 2009. Archived from
2866:, Australian Human Rights Commission, archived from
2324:"The Conservative and Unionist Party Manifesto 2019"
3020:
2946:
Criminal Code of the Republic of China, Article 36.
2608:
2606:
2218:
567:
Transgender disenfranchisement in the United States
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3440:"What States can you vote with a Felony? - Felons"
3075:
1943:"The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency"
1054:deliberation in individual cases (such as that of
183:
2372:
2370:
4810:
2931:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
2890:Parliamentary Electorates and Elections Act 1912
2603:
4798:Music and women's suffrage in the United States
4419:Women's suffrage organizations and publications
3711:Plaxton, Michael; Lardy, Heather (March 2010).
3050:
3048:
2960:"Decreto Severino: c'è un giudice a Strasburgo"
2718:"pages-schall.blj.doc – Powered by Google Docs"
2525:Dept of the Interior, Office of Insular Affairs
1992:
1734:) or one related to election or public office.
838:
4306:National Women's Rights Convention (1850–1869)
2367:
1910:
1774:Felony disenfranchisement in the United States
1411:Felony disenfranchisement in the United States
865:collateral consequences of criminal conviction
3772:
3310:
3238:
3219:
3200:
3189:
2049:
2047:
1762:Disfranchisement after the Reconstruction Era
1240:Secretary of State for Constitutional Affairs
1224:. The Act does not apply to elections to the
1192:Secretary of State for Constitutional Affairs
863:. Felony disenfranchisement is one among the
818:a large print ballot and a physical template.
487:In 1912, the Republican Party was split when
451:Disfranchisement after the Reconstruction era
201:The examples and perspective in this section
139:(which has become more common since 1982) or
3710:
3325:
3323:
3102:
3100:
3076:Quinn, Ben; Conor Sweeney (7 October 2005).
3045:
2111:
1250:. The UK government position was then that:
826:
3641:. electionsncc.delaware.gov. Archived from
3315:, in Diritto pubblico europeo, aprile 2015
2766:
2764:
1993:BAUDOIN-LAARMAN, Louis (January 17, 2019).
1277:
4449:Emmeline and Christabel Pankhurst Memorial
3779:
3765:
3312:Sul diritto elettorale, l’Europa ci guarda
2044:
2021:
2019:
378:) in June 2022. Citizens residing outside
219:, or create a new section, as appropriate.
4782:Women's Suffrage Centennial silver dollar
3396:
3394:
3320:
3247:
3097:
745:Learn how and when to remove this message
576:and restoring suffrage in some states to
293:Learn how and when to remove this message
235:Learn how and when to remove this message
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
4353:1920 United States presidential election
3631:
3484:
2837:
2770:
2761:
1398:Sauvé v Canada (Chief Electoral Officer)
1133:extending postal voting to prisoners on
394:was held under new rules imposed by the
4593:Women's Rights National Historical Park
3595:
3593:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3585:
3459:
2957:
2840:"Court gives vote back to some inmates"
2791:
2735:
2733:
2364:(U of Chicago Press, 2009), pp. 134-139
2016:
899:to exclusion from community processes.
432:referendum on European Union membership
14:
4811:
4270:Suffragette bombing and arson campaign
3432:
3400:
3391:
2904:
2640:
2634:
2591:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1706:Journal of Blacks in Higher Education,
1545:) do not allow persons convicted of a
1217:unsentenced retain the right to vote.
555:gerrymandering of electoral boundaries
4311:Trial of Susan B. Anthony (1872–1873)
4126:International Woman Suffrage Alliance
3760:
3735:– via Academic Search Complete.
3717:Berkeley Journal of International Law
3609:
3607:
3349:
3106:
3033:. Ireland: Citizens Information Board
2838:Pearlman, Jonathan (31 August 2007).
2556:
2554:
2552:
2227:
2206:(in Norwegian BokmĂĄl). 8 October 2023
1916:
1203:Representation of the People Act 1983
315:while they remain outside Australia.
4664:"The March of the Women" (1910 song)
4392:List of suffragists and suffragettes
4255:Women's Coronation Procession (1911)
3582:
3512:"Prisoner votes by European country"
2739:
2730:
1414:
1107:elections in the Republic of Ireland
727:adding citations to reliable sources
698:
694:
275:adding citations to reliable sources
246:
187:
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
3524:from the original on June 21, 2019.
3058:. Debates.oireachtas.ie. 2006-10-05
1269:Voting Eligibility (Prisoners) Bill
1164:
1041:European Convention on Human Rights
1002:, there is a similar punishment of
902:
587:
27:Revocation of the right of suffrage
24:
4634:National Voting Rights Museum (US)
4598:Women's Suffrage National Monument
4414:Historiography of the Suffragettes
4368:Selma to Montgomery marches (1965)
3604:
3331:"Convicts 'will not all get vote'"
2549:
1917:Grant, Melissa Gira (2020-08-10).
1717:
1404:
620:District of Columbia Home Rule Act
594:District of Columbia voting rights
495:was elected as the first southern
467:, enacted in 1870 to protect the
154:
25:
4835:
4526:Turning Point Suffragist Memorial
2781:from the original on 1 March 2014
2351:(U of North Carolina Press, 2003.
410:
4677:"Sister Suffragette" (1964 song)
4475:Women's Rights Pioneers Monument
4321:Woman Suffrage Procession (1913)
4291:Declaration of Sentiments (1848)
3442:. FelonyFriendly. September 2017
3152:"Electoral (Amendment) Act 2006"
2771:Davidson, Jerome (24 May 2004),
2628:10.1111/j.1540-6237.2009.00640.x
2401:from the original on 2023-05-25.
1419:
1378:
780:
703:
444:
251:
192:
34:
4490:Kate Sheppard National Memorial
4250:Battle of Downing Street (1910)
3893:1902 Commonwealth Franchise Act
3704:
3681:
3656:
3568:
3557:
3528:
3504:
3478:
3453:
3420:
3382:
3370:
3300:
3268:
3228:
3209:
3179:
3165:
3144:
3128:
3107:Brady, Tom (15 December 2005).
3069:
3008:
2999:
2981:
2950:
2939:
2905:Hurley, Sam (9 November 2018).
2898:
2883:
2874:
2854:
2846:. Fairfax Media. Archived from
2831:
2819:Australian Electoral Commission
2807:
2799:(Press release). Archived from
2785:
2710:
2682:
2669:
2536:
2518:
2498:
2483:
2473:
2440:
2416:
2405:
2383:
2354:
2341:
2316:
2295:
2270:
2246:
2190:
2176:
2156:
2136:
2090:
1828:
1768:Deprivation of Political Rights
1129:, and the government drafted a
1004:Deprivation of Political Rights
925:although earlier that year the
918:Commonwealth Franchise Act 1902
714:needs additional citations for
673:Puerto Rican Independence Party
262:needs additional citations for
184:Based on residence or ethnicity
168:
45:needs additional citations for
4301:Ohio Women's Convention (1850)
4286:Seneca Falls Convention (1848)
3600:American Civil Liberties Union
3401:Travis, Alan (March 9, 2010).
2065:
1986:
1964:
1935:
1899:
1875:
1364:
1236:European Court of Human Rights
1181:European Court of Human Rights
1045:European Court of Human Rights
954:
943:Roach v Electoral Commissioner
907:
638:
392:Longyearbyen Community Council
13:
1:
1974:. Aec.gov.au. 10 January 2011
1869:
1231:Hirst v United Kingdom (No 2)
1213:, for example), and those on
1176:Hirst v United Kingdom (No 2)
1125:ruled that this breached the
1050:Hirst v United Kingdom (No 2)
671:and representation. Both the
398:, wherein voters had to have
4407:in majority-Muslim countries
4397:Timeline of women's suffrage
4336:Silent Sentinels (1917–1919)
4265:Open Christmas Letter (1914)
4214:2019–2020 Hong Kong protests
3786:
3723:(1): 101–141. Archived from
3460:Bowcott, Owen (2017-12-07).
2797:"For Media: Prisoner voting"
2740:Hill, Lisa (November 2009),
2228:Allen, Jordan (2024-02-26).
2144:"Norges Grunnlov av 17. mai"
2123:Election Commission of India
1557:upheld on October 31, 2005.
1009:
839:Based on criminal conviction
669:voting rights in Puerto Rico
649:U.S. federal law applies to
407:itself for 3 years to vote.
305:
7:
4777:New Zealand ten-dollar note
4444:(Emmeline Pankhurst statue)
4358:"Give Us the Ballot" (1957)
4296:Rochester Convention (1848)
4081:Constitutional amendments:
3867:Women's liberation movement
2964:Mondoperaio Edizione Online
2958:Buonomo, Giampiero (2015).
2777:, Parliament of Australia,
2542:Torruella, Juan R. (1985).
1883:"Google Books Ngram Viewer"
1801:Non-resident citizen voting
1750:
1722:In some countries, such as
1383:
385:
215:, discuss the issue on the
10:
4840:
4316:Suffrage Hikes (1912–1914)
3485:Kiesraad (22 April 2016).
1408:
1100:
1061:
963:
642:
591:
564:
448:
414:
390:The 2023 election for the
347:
172:
158:
4784:(2020 U.S. commemorative)
4647:
4621:
4603:International Women's Day
4380:
4278:
4222:
4121:
4114:
3875:
3794:
3693:January 24, 2015, at the
3005:"Losing the Vote," p. 17.
2844:The Sydney Morning Herald
1428:This section needs to be
1369:
1244:Lord Falconer of Thoroton
1196:European Union Parliament
1188:Lord Falconer of Thoroton
1121:could do so. In 2000 the
1029:
980:
960:nation's Bill of Rights.
853:felony disenfranchisement
851:, hence the popular term
827:Campaigns for improvement
655:Puerto Rico Supreme Court
635:congressional districts.
560:
551:Voting Rights Act of 1965
368:
318:
4687:Women's suffrage in film
4658:The Women's Marseillaise
4546:Suffragette Handkerchief
4424:Women's rights activists
4204:Hong Kong 1 July marches
2996:, accessed July 28, 2006
2616:Social Science Quarterly
1821:
1740:allows inmates to vote.
1391:allows inmates to vote.
1278:Other European countries
1151:
993:
681:Popular Democratic Party
630:(US military allies) or
359:
342:2020 national plebiscite
326:
143:, is the restriction of
4788:2020 US ten-dollar bill
4772:Susan B. Anthony dollar
4709:Not for Ourselves Alone
4331:Suffrage Special (1916)
4260:Great Pilgrimage (1913)
4209:2014 Hong Kong protests
3807:Right to run for office
3536:"Election Act 714/1998"
3487:"Uitsluiting kiesrecht"
3359:. www.statutelaw.gov.uk
2378:The Two Reconstructions
1018:(Long Hair), member of
948:Australian constitution
938:High Court of Australia
540:serving in local courts
4819:Electoral restrictions
4455:Elizabeth Cady Stanton
4104:1965 Voting Rights Act
3578:, SC 2000, c 9, s 245.
3311:
3239:
3220:
3201:
3190:
2911:The New Zealand Herald
2743:Prisoner voting rights
2530:June 10, 2012, at the
2512:July 19, 2009, at the
2001:. Agence France-Presse
1781:(disfranchised in the
1257:
457:Southern United States
141:voter disqualification
4436:Belmont–Paul Monument
4363:Freedom Summer (1964)
4240:Women's Sunday (1908)
3727:on September 27, 2015
3520:. November 22, 2019.
3378:Criminal Law Act 1967
3154:. Irishstatutebook.ie
1862:following the latter.
1796:Non-citizens (Latvia)
1252:
1234:(2005), in which the
1022:'s popularly elected
677:New Progressive Party
645:Status of Puerto Rico
626:Until 2009, no other
505:racial discrimination
428:2019 general election
400:Norwegian citizenship
4701:Shoulder to Shoulder
4670:The Mother of Us All
4613:Women's Equality Day
4608:Susan B. Anthony Day
4462:Suffragette Memorial
4067:District of Columbia
3837:Non-resident citizen
3750:AfricaFocus Bulletin
3747:, quoted in part in
3576:Canada Elections Act
3288:on February 24, 2010
2360:Richard M. Valelly,
1806:Non-citizen suffrage
1791:Multiple citizenship
1622:District of Columbia
1039:, have ratified the
1014:On 8 December 2008,
723:improve this article
578:free people of color
396:Norwegian government
334:Isabel Allende Bussi
313:Australian elections
271:improve this article
213:improve this section
203:may not represent a
54:improve this article
4568:Hunger Strike Medal
4245:Black Friday (1910)
3031:"Prisoners' Rights"
2119:"Overseas Electors"
1226:European Parliament
1024:Legislative Council
843:The exclusion from
4711:(1999 documentary)
4578:Suffrage jewellery
3802:Universal suffrage
2850:on 24 August 2008.
2803:on 24 August 2014.
2697:Human Rights Watch
2677:Wash. U. Jur. Rev.
2655:10.1093/sw/56.1.89
2506:Puerto Rico Herald
2490:JosĂ© TrĂas Monge,
2397:. 9 January 2018.
2395:The New York Times
2284:. 23 February 2018
1694:Sentencing Project
1555:Iowa Supreme Court
1303:the Czech Republic
1111:electoral register
927:Keating government
897:execution on sight
877:universal suffrage
799:Electoral Register
759:adequate provision
582:American Civil War
546:across the South.
507:in hiring. During
501:racial segregation
489:Theodore Roosevelt
461:Reconstruction Era
439:Conservative Party
137:disenfranchisement
69:"Disfranchisement"
18:Disenfranchisement
4824:Voter suppression
4806:
4805:
4717:Iron Jawed Angels
4639:Umbrella Movement
4583:Suffragette penny
4497:Millicent Fawcett
4468:Portrait Monument
4376:
4375:
4230:WSPU march (1906)
4047:African Americans
3965:Spain (Civil War,
3857:Compulsory voting
3699:Federal Probation
3429:, 24 October 2012
3337:. October 6, 2005
3257:. matrixlaw.co.uk
3255:"Matrix Chambers"
3114:Irish Independent
3083:Irish Independent
2870:on 14 August 2014
2059:Gobierno de Chile
1449:
1448:
1267:produced a draft
1248:Council of Europe
1211:contempt of court
1119:temporary release
934:Howard government
916:in Australia the
755:
754:
747:
695:Due to disability
536:African Americans
303:
302:
295:
245:
244:
237:
149:barriers to entry
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
4831:
4629:Age of candidacy
4562:Holloway Jingles
4536:Pankhurst Centre
4507:(2008 sculpture)
4430:Leser v. Garnett
4235:Mud March (1907)
4119:
4118:
4052:Native Americans
3862:Disfranchisement
3781:
3774:
3767:
3758:
3757:
3737:
3736:
3734:
3732:
3708:
3702:
3685:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3675:
3666:. Archived from
3660:
3654:
3653:
3651:
3650:
3635:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3619:
3611:
3602:
3597:
3580:
3572:
3566:
3561:
3555:
3554:
3552:
3550:
3540:
3532:
3526:
3525:
3508:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3482:
3476:
3475:
3473:
3472:
3457:
3451:
3450:
3448:
3447:
3436:
3430:
3424:
3418:
3417:
3415:
3414:
3398:
3389:
3386:
3380:
3374:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3364:
3353:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3342:
3327:
3318:
3314:
3308:
3304:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3293:
3287:
3280:
3272:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3262:
3251:
3245:
3242:
3236:
3232:
3226:
3223:
3217:
3213:
3207:
3204:
3198:
3193:
3187:
3183:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3163:
3162:
3160:
3159:
3148:
3142:
3132:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3121:
3104:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3090:
3073:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3063:
3052:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3038:
3027:
3018:
3012:
3006:
3003:
2997:
2989:
2985:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2975:
2966:. Archived from
2954:
2948:
2943:
2937:
2936:
2930:
2922:
2920:
2918:
2902:
2896:
2887:
2881:
2878:
2872:
2871:
2858:
2852:
2851:
2835:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2825:
2811:
2805:
2804:
2795:(10 July 1995).
2789:
2783:
2782:
2768:
2759:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2750:on 18 March 2013
2737:
2728:
2727:
2725:
2724:
2714:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2694:
2686:
2680:
2673:
2667:
2666:
2638:
2632:
2631:
2610:
2601:
2596:
2590:
2582:
2580:
2579:
2573:
2567:. Archived from
2566:
2558:
2547:
2540:
2534:
2522:
2516:
2502:
2496:
2487:
2481:
2477:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2467:
2444:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2434:
2420:
2414:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2387:
2381:
2374:
2365:
2358:
2352:
2347:Michael Perman,
2345:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2328:
2320:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2310:
2299:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2289:
2274:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2264:
2250:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2240:
2225:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2194:
2188:
2187:
2180:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2170:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2150:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2130:
2115:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2084:
2075:. Archived from
2069:
2063:
2062:
2051:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2038:
2023:
2014:
2013:
2008:
2006:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1968:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1958:
1949:. Archived from
1939:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1923:The New Republic
1914:
1908:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1887:books.google.com
1879:
1863:
1832:
1816:Political apathy
1560:Fifteen states (
1444:
1441:
1435:
1423:
1422:
1415:
1056:Mohammed Bouyeri
903:Asia and Oceania
891:. Most medieval
757:Failure to make
750:
743:
739:
736:
730:
707:
699:
658:Jose Trias Monge
588:Washington, D.C.
532:Great Depression
455:Efforts made by
298:
291:
287:
284:
278:
255:
247:
240:
233:
229:
226:
220:
196:
195:
188:
161:Women's suffrage
133:Disfranchisement
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
4839:
4838:
4834:
4833:
4832:
4830:
4829:
4828:
4809:
4808:
4807:
4802:
4767:(upcoming film)
4693:Votes for Women
4649:
4643:
4617:
4556:Holloway brooch
4551:Holloway banner
4382:
4372:
4341:Night of Terror
4274:
4218:
4110:
3871:
3790:
3785:
3745:Global Exchange
3740:
3730:
3728:
3709:
3705:
3695:Wayback Machine
3686:
3682:
3673:
3671:
3662:
3661:
3657:
3648:
3646:
3637:
3636:
3632:
3624:
3617:
3613:
3612:
3605:
3598:
3583:
3573:
3569:
3562:
3558:
3548:
3546:
3538:
3534:
3533:
3529:
3510:
3509:
3505:
3496:
3494:
3491:www.kiesraad.nl
3483:
3479:
3470:
3468:
3458:
3454:
3445:
3443:
3438:
3437:
3433:
3425:
3421:
3412:
3410:
3399:
3392:
3387:
3383:
3375:
3371:
3362:
3360:
3355:
3354:
3350:
3340:
3338:
3329:
3328:
3321:
3306:
3305:
3301:
3291:
3289:
3285:
3278:
3274:
3273:
3269:
3260:
3258:
3253:
3252:
3248:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3215:
3214:
3210:
3196:
3185:
3184:
3180:
3171:
3170:
3166:
3157:
3155:
3150:
3149:
3145:
3133:
3129:
3119:
3117:
3105:
3098:
3088:
3086:
3074:
3070:
3061:
3059:
3054:
3053:
3046:
3036:
3034:
3029:
3028:
3021:
3013:
3009:
3004:
3000:
2987:
2986:
2982:
2973:
2971:
2955:
2951:
2944:
2940:
2924:
2923:
2916:
2914:
2903:
2899:
2888:
2884:
2879:
2875:
2860:
2859:
2855:
2836:
2832:
2823:
2821:
2813:
2812:
2808:
2790:
2786:
2769:
2762:
2753:
2751:
2738:
2731:
2722:
2720:
2716:
2715:
2711:
2703:
2692:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2674:
2670:
2639:
2635:
2611:
2604:
2584:
2583:
2577:
2575:
2571:
2564:
2562:"Archived copy"
2560:
2559:
2550:
2541:
2537:
2532:Wayback Machine
2523:
2519:
2514:Wayback Machine
2503:
2499:
2488:
2484:
2478:
2474:
2465:
2463:
2445:
2441:
2432:
2430:
2422:
2421:
2417:
2410:
2406:
2389:
2388:
2384:
2375:
2368:
2359:
2355:
2346:
2342:
2332:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2308:
2306:
2301:
2300:
2296:
2287:
2285:
2276:
2275:
2271:
2262:
2260:
2252:
2251:
2247:
2238:
2236:
2234:The Japan Times
2226:
2219:
2209:
2207:
2196:
2195:
2191:
2182:
2181:
2177:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2161:
2157:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2141:
2137:
2128:
2126:
2117:
2116:
2112:
2102:
2100:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2082:
2080:
2071:
2070:
2066:
2053:
2052:
2045:
2036:
2034:
2024:
2017:
2004:
2002:
1991:
1987:
1977:
1975:
1970:
1969:
1965:
1956:
1954:
1941:
1940:
1936:
1927:
1925:
1915:
1911:
1904:
1900:
1891:
1889:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1867:
1866:
1836:Great Migration
1833:
1829:
1824:
1764:(United States)
1753:
1720:
1718:Other countries
1687:Terry McAuliffe
1465:Twenty states (
1445:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1424:
1420:
1413:
1407:
1386:
1381:
1372:
1367:
1331:North Macedonia
1280:
1167:
1158:decree Severino
1154:
1103:
1091:electoral fraud
1080:electoral fraud
1064:
1032:
1016:Leung Kwok Hung
1012:
996:
983:
966:
957:
946:found that the
910:
905:
841:
829:
783:
763:disabled people
751:
740:
734:
731:
720:
708:
697:
647:
641:
596:
590:
569:
563:
524:Representatives
453:
447:
419:
413:
388:
371:
362:
350:
329:
321:
308:
299:
288:
282:
279:
268:
256:
241:
230:
224:
221:
210:
197:
193:
186:
177:
171:
163:
157:
155:Based on gender
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4837:
4827:
4826:
4821:
4804:
4803:
4801:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4761:
4760:(2022 musical)
4753:
4752:(2018 musical)
4745:
4737:
4729:
4721:
4713:
4705:
4697:
4689:
4684:
4682:Suffrage plays
4679:
4674:
4666:
4661:
4653:
4651:
4645:
4644:
4642:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4625:
4623:
4619:
4618:
4616:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4516:
4509:
4505:Great Petition
4501:
4493:
4486:
4478:
4471:
4464:
4459:
4451:
4446:
4442:Rise up, Women
4438:
4433:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4410:
4409:
4404:
4394:
4388:
4386:
4378:
4377:
4374:
4373:
4371:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4349:
4348:
4346:Prison Special
4343:
4333:
4328:
4326:Suffrage Torch
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4282:
4280:
4276:
4275:
4273:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4226:
4224:
4220:
4219:
4217:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4200:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4122:
4116:
4112:
4111:
4109:
4108:
4107:
4106:
4101:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4034:
4033:
4032:
4031:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4012:
4011:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3998:Cayman Islands
3988:United Kingdom
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3906:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3885:
3879:
3877:
3873:
3872:
3870:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3798:
3796:
3792:
3791:
3784:
3783:
3776:
3769:
3761:
3755:
3754:
3739:
3738:
3703:
3680:
3655:
3630:
3627:on 2012-01-19.
3603:
3581:
3567:
3556:
3527:
3503:
3477:
3452:
3431:
3419:
3407:guardian.co.uk
3390:
3381:
3369:
3348:
3319:
3299:
3267:
3246:
3227:
3208:
3178:
3164:
3143:
3127:
3096:
3068:
3044:
3019:
3007:
2998:
2980:
2949:
2938:
2897:
2882:
2873:
2853:
2830:
2806:
2784:
2760:
2729:
2709:
2706:on 2010-07-10.
2681:
2668:
2633:
2622:(3): 722–743.
2602:
2548:
2535:
2517:
2497:
2482:
2472:
2439:
2415:
2404:
2382:
2366:
2353:
2340:
2315:
2294:
2269:
2245:
2217:
2189:
2175:
2155:
2135:
2110:
2089:
2064:
2043:
2015:
1999:AFP Fact Check
1985:
1963:
1934:
1909:
1898:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1852:South Carolina
1826:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1819:
1818:
1813:
1811:Nuremberg Laws
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1776:
1771:
1765:
1759:
1752:
1749:
1719:
1716:
1646:Eight states (
1527:South Carolina
1519:North Carolina
1447:
1446:
1427:
1425:
1418:
1409:Main article:
1406:
1403:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1279:
1276:
1265:Chris Grayling
1222:European Union
1207:courts-martial
1171:United Kingdom
1166:
1165:United Kingdom
1163:
1153:
1150:
1102:
1099:
1063:
1060:
1047:. In the case
1037:European Union
1031:
1028:
1011:
1008:
995:
992:
982:
979:
965:
962:
956:
953:
909:
906:
904:
901:
840:
837:
828:
825:
824:
823:
819:
814:
813:
806:
802:
791:
782:
779:
753:
752:
711:
709:
702:
696:
693:
643:Main article:
640:
637:
608:retrocessioned
592:Main article:
589:
586:
580:following the
562:
559:
542:. Juries were
493:Woodrow Wilson
449:Main article:
446:
443:
415:Main article:
412:
411:United Kingdom
409:
387:
384:
370:
367:
361:
358:
349:
346:
338:Soledad Alvear
328:
325:
320:
317:
307:
304:
301:
300:
283:September 2007
259:
257:
250:
243:
242:
225:September 2007
207:of the subject
205:worldwide view
200:
198:
191:
185:
182:
173:Main article:
170:
167:
159:Main article:
156:
153:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4836:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4816:
4814:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4766:
4762:
4759:
4758:
4754:
4751:
4750:
4746:
4744:
4742:
4738:
4736:
4734:
4730:
4728:
4727:(2013 sitcom)
4726:
4722:
4720:
4718:
4714:
4712:
4710:
4706:
4704:
4703:(1974 series)
4702:
4698:
4696:
4694:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4671:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4659:
4655:
4654:
4652:
4646:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4626:
4624:
4620:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4563:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4521:
4517:
4515:
4514:
4510:
4508:
4506:
4502:
4500:
4498:
4494:
4492:
4491:
4487:
4485:
4483:
4479:
4477:
4476:
4472:
4470:
4469:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4456:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4443:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4431:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4399:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4389:
4387:
4385:
4379:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4338:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
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4037:United States
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3950:Liechtenstein
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3847:Demeny voting
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3762:
3759:
3753:, 26 Oct 2004
3752:
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3726:
3722:
3718:
3714:
3707:
3700:
3696:
3692:
3689:
3684:
3670:on 2019-04-14
3669:
3665:
3659:
3645:on 2014-02-11
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3017:
3011:
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2995:
2992:
2984:
2970:on 2016-03-24
2969:
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2845:
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2834:
2820:
2816:
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2802:
2798:
2794:
2793:Keating, Paul
2788:
2780:
2776:
2775:
2767:
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2745:
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2644:
2637:
2629:
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2621:
2617:
2609:
2607:
2600:
2594:
2588:
2574:on 2010-12-12
2570:
2563:
2557:
2555:
2553:
2545:
2539:
2533:
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2515:
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2450:
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2429:
2425:
2419:
2413:
2408:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2386:
2380:; pp. 146-147
2379:
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2199:
2193:
2185:
2179:
2165:
2159:
2145:
2139:
2124:
2120:
2114:
2099:
2093:
2079:on 2014-07-23
2078:
2074:
2068:
2061:. 2022-10-14.
2060:
2056:
2050:
2048:
2033:
2029:
2022:
2020:
2012:
2000:
1996:
1989:
1973:
1967:
1953:on 2008-01-09
1952:
1948:
1944:
1938:
1924:
1920:
1913:
1907:
1902:
1888:
1884:
1878:
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1848:1950 Censuses
1845:
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1701:
1699:
1698:United States
1695:
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1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1644:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1627:Four states (
1625:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1586:New Hampshire
1583:
1579:
1575:
1574:Massachusetts
1571:
1567:
1563:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1539:West Virginia
1536:
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1405:United States
1402:
1400:
1399:
1394:
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1379:North America
1376:
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1199:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1172:
1162:
1159:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1140:
1139:Supreme Court
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1115:postal voting
1112:
1108:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1059:
1057:
1052:
1051:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1007:
1005:
1001:
991:
988:
978:
974:
970:
961:
952:
949:
945:
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930:
928:
922:
919:
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890:
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880:
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872:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
836:
834:
820:
816:
815:
811:
807:
805:disabilities.
803:
800:
796:
792:
788:
787:
786:
781:Access issues
778:
776:
771:
768:
767:Accessibility
764:
760:
749:
746:
738:
728:
724:
718:
717:
712:This section
710:
706:
701:
700:
692:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
665:
661:
659:
656:
652:
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510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
485:
482:
476:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
452:
445:United States
442:
440:
435:
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429:
423:
418:
408:
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401:
397:
393:
383:
381:
377:
366:
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355:
345:
343:
339:
335:
324:
316:
314:
297:
294:
286:
276:
272:
266:
265:
260:This section
258:
254:
249:
248:
239:
236:
228:
218:
214:
208:
206:
199:
190:
189:
181:
176:
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146:
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134:
124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
4764:
4755:
4747:
4740:
4732:
4725:Up the Women
4724:
4716:
4708:
4700:
4692:
4672:(1947 opera)
4669:
4588:Suffrage Oak
4573:Justice Bell
4560:
4518:
4511:
4504:
4496:
4488:
4481:
4473:
4466:
4454:
4441:
4428:
4128:conferences
3861:
3795:Basic topics
3749:
3729:. Retrieved
3725:the original
3720:
3716:
3706:
3698:
3683:
3672:. Retrieved
3668:the original
3658:
3647:. Retrieved
3643:the original
3633:
3622:the original
3575:
3570:
3559:
3547:. Retrieved
3542:
3530:
3515:
3506:
3495:. Retrieved
3490:
3480:
3469:. Retrieved
3466:the Guardian
3465:
3455:
3444:. Retrieved
3434:
3422:
3411:. Retrieved
3406:
3384:
3372:
3361:. Retrieved
3351:
3339:. Retrieved
3334:
3307:(in Italian)
3302:
3290:. Retrieved
3283:the original
3270:
3259:. Retrieved
3249:
3235:(in Italian)
3230:
3216:(in Italian)
3211:
3197:(in Italian)
3186:(in Italian)
3181:
3172:(in Italian)
3167:
3156:. Retrieved
3146:
3130:
3118:. Retrieved
3112:
3087:. Retrieved
3081:
3071:
3060:. Retrieved
3035:. Retrieved
3014:(in German)
3010:
3001:
2983:
2972:. Retrieved
2968:the original
2963:
2952:
2941:
2915:. Retrieved
2910:
2900:
2894:s 25(b)
2889:
2885:
2876:
2868:the original
2862:
2856:
2848:the original
2843:
2833:
2822:. Retrieved
2818:
2809:
2801:the original
2787:
2773:
2752:, retrieved
2748:the original
2742:
2721:. Retrieved
2712:
2701:the original
2684:
2676:
2671:
2649:(1): 89–91.
2646:
2642:
2636:
2619:
2615:
2576:. Retrieved
2569:the original
2543:
2538:
2520:
2505:
2500:
2491:
2485:
2475:
2464:. Retrieved
2453:The Guardian
2452:
2442:
2431:. Retrieved
2428:Felon Voting
2427:
2418:
2407:
2394:
2385:
2377:
2361:
2356:
2348:
2343:
2331:. Retrieved
2329:. p. 48
2318:
2307:. Retrieved
2305:. 2018-02-09
2297:
2286:. Retrieved
2281:
2272:
2261:. Retrieved
2257:
2248:
2237:. Retrieved
2208:. Retrieved
2201:
2192:
2178:
2167:. Retrieved
2158:
2147:. Retrieved
2138:
2127:. Retrieved
2125:. 2018-04-03
2122:
2113:
2101:. Retrieved
2092:
2081:. Retrieved
2077:the original
2067:
2058:
2035:. Retrieved
2031:
2010:
2003:. Retrieved
1998:
1988:
1976:. Retrieved
1966:
1955:. Retrieved
1951:the original
1946:
1937:
1926:. Retrieved
1922:
1912:
1901:
1890:. Retrieved
1886:
1877:
1838:resulted in
1830:
1786:
1783:Soviet Union
1745:South Africa
1742:
1736:
1721:
1705:
1702:
1691:
1680:
1645:
1641:South Dakota
1626:
1614:Rhode Island
1610:Pennsylvania
1598:North Dakota
1559:
1464:
1454:
1450:
1440:October 2022
1437:
1429:
1396:
1387:
1373:
1355:
1292:
1281:
1273:
1262:
1258:
1253:
1229:
1228:. Following
1219:
1200:
1186:
1174:
1168:
1157:
1155:
1143:
1127:Constitution
1104:
1084:
1076:high treason
1065:
1048:
1033:
1013:
997:
984:
975:
971:
967:
958:
941:
931:
923:
917:
911:
881:
873:
852:
842:
830:
784:
774:
772:
756:
741:
732:
721:Please help
716:verification
713:
666:
662:
648:
625:
616:
612:
605:
601:
597:
570:
548:
513:
486:
477:
454:
436:
424:
420:
389:
372:
363:
352:Citizens of
351:
330:
322:
309:
289:
280:
269:Please help
264:verification
261:
231:
222:
202:
178:
169:Based on age
164:
140:
136:
132:
131:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
4743:(2015 film)
4741:Suffragette
4735:(2014 film)
4719:(2004 film)
4695:(1912 film)
4531:Eagle House
4384:(memorials)
4072:Puerto Rico
3983:Switzerland
3960:New Zealand
3852:Suffragette
3832:Non-citizen
3731:December 6,
3549:25 February
3341:December 9,
2988:(in German)
2815:"Prisoners"
2679:193 (2009).
2643:Social Work
2480:States...."
1947:www.cia.gov
1840:Mississippi
1732:civil death
1681:One state (
1668:Mississippi
1637:Connecticut
1620:) plus the
1551:Tom Vilsack
1365:Middle East
1347:Switzerland
1288:Netherlands
955:New Zealand
885:civil death
651:Puerto Rico
639:Puerto Rico
516:Solid South
509:World War I
481:poor whites
4813:Categories
4520:Resilience
4062:foreigners
3968:Francoist)
3898:aboriginal
3876:By country
3842:Voting age
3674:2019-04-14
3649:2014-02-11
3497:2018-11-06
3493:(in Dutch)
3471:2018-03-05
3446:2019-02-11
3413:2010-10-30
3388:42 EHHR 41
3363:2010-10-31
3261:2014-02-11
3158:2013-11-08
3136:Keane C.J.
3120:26 October
3089:25 October
3062:2013-11-08
3037:25 October
2974:2019-04-29
2824:2015-06-23
2723:2010-10-31
2578:2010-05-09
2466:2019-11-16
2433:2020-12-29
2309:2018-03-07
2288:2018-03-07
2282:www.gov.uk
2263:2018-03-07
2258:www.gov.uk
2239:2024-05-07
2210:10 October
2169:2023-06-12
2149:2023-06-12
2129:2022-10-14
2103:24 October
2083:2014-07-23
2037:2022-04-01
1957:2018-02-05
1928:2023-10-03
1892:2023-09-24
1870:References
1629:California
1590:New Jersey
1535:Washington
1515:New Mexico
1333:, Norway,
1327:Montenegro
1123:High Court
914:Federation
893:common law
565:See also:
528:committees
175:Voting age
80:newspapers
4541:Paulsdale
3973:Sri Lanka
3930:Hong Kong
3888:Australia
3426:BBC News
3140:Denham J.
2927:cite news
2461:0261-3077
2376:Valelly;
2333:22 August
1779:Lishenets
1672:Tennessee
1543:Wisconsin
1499:Minnesota
1491:Louisiana
1323:Lithuania
1190:, former
1020:Hong Kong
1010:Hong Kong
908:Australia
861:probation
775:ab initio
544:all white
497:president
306:Australia
217:talk page
110:June 2022
4003:Scotland
3920:Colombia
3788:Suffrage
3691:Archived
3522:Archived
3409:. London
3335:BBC News
2917:29 April
2779:archived
2754:29 April
2663:21314075
2587:cite web
2528:Archived
2510:Archived
2399:Archived
2032:LeyChile
2005:July 17,
1860:Arkansas
1850:, while
1751:See also
1728:Portugal
1683:Virginia
1664:Kentucky
1656:Delaware
1633:Colorado
1594:New York
1578:Michigan
1566:Illinois
1523:Oklahoma
1507:Nebraska
1503:Missouri
1495:Maryland
1471:Arkansas
1286:and the
889:property
867:and the
849:felonies
810:queueing
735:May 2010
675:and the
574:freedmen
520:Senators
473:freedmen
469:suffrage
405:Svalbard
386:Svalbard
376:Storting
211:You may
145:suffrage
4765:Lioness
4650:culture
4648:Popular
4622:Related
4482:Forward
3925:Ecuador
3883:Austria
3292:July 6,
2495:, p. 43
1978:21 June
1856:Alabama
1770:(China)
1757:Ableism
1711:Al Gore
1676:Wyoming
1660:Florida
1652:Arizona
1648:Alabama
1582:Montana
1570:Indiana
1475:Georgia
1460:Vermont
1430:updated
1359:Finland
1351:Ukraine
1315:Ireland
1311:Finland
1307:Denmark
1299:Croatia
1295:Albania
1101:Ireland
1095:treason
1087:Germany
1072:treason
1068:Germany
1062:Germany
822:voters.
685:Clinton
354:Denmark
348:Denmark
135:, also
94:scholar
4749:Sylvia
4499:statue
4484:statue
4457:statue
4115:Events
4077:states
4057:felons
3978:Sweden
3955:Mexico
3945:Kuwait
3910:Canada
3543:Finlex
2892:(NSW)
2661:
2459:
1674:, and
1639:, and
1616:, and
1606:Oregon
1562:Hawaii
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