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The case was brought forth by
Dombrowski after he was arrested and his offices were raided by authorities in October 1963. Dombrowski demanded all seized materials to be returned to him and $ 500,000 be paid in damages resulting from the arrest and search-and-seizure. However, a three-judge Federal
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Dombrowski alleged that members of his organization, which consisted of a group of
Southern liberals dedicated to fighting for civil rights for Blacks in the South, were subjected to continuous harassment, including arrests without intent to prosecute, and seizures of necessary internal documents.
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James A. Dombrowski was executive director of the
Southern Conference Education Fund (SCEF), a civil rights advocacy group that promoted desegregation and African-American voting rights. State officials in Louisiana declared the SCEF a subversive or communist-front organization whose members were
297:. Furthermore, when a statute is substantially overbroad, persons may challenge the entire statute and not just those aspects that apply to them. The Court found the Louisiana statutes to be void on their face and ordered the district court to grant the requested relief.
318:, stating that the holding of that case was merely a limited exception to the general rule forbidding the enjoining of state court proceedings. The Court stated that it was appropriate for a federal claim to go forward in
248:, law enforcement officers, and the chairperson of the state's Legislative Joint Committee on Un-American Activities for prosecuting or threatening to prosecute his organization under several state subversion statutes.
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because the consistent pattern of bad faith prosecutions denied the claimant the opportunity to pursue his constitutional challenge to anti-subversion statutes in state court. Moreover, the
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in 1971, the
Supreme Court has never found an instance of alleged bad faith prosecution to, in fact, meet the requirements of this exception to the no-injunction rule. As the commentator
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311:(1971) that existed a "national policy forbidding federal courts to stay or enjoin pending state court proceedings except under special circumstances." The Court specifically
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violating the
Louisiana Subversive Activities and Communist Front Control Law. Louisiana officials seized and searched Dombrowski's and two lawyers’ papers and indicted them.
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litigation, even when constitutional issues are involved, according to the
Supreme Court. They may intrude when a statute substantially chills free expression through
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in its prohibition of unprotected speech that it substantially prohibits protected speech — especially if the statute is being enforced in
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Three Barons: The
Organizational Chart of the JFK assassination (First Edition) --> Chapter "The Facts Surrounding The Prisoner Oswald"
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387:. The First Amendment Encyclopedia presented by the John Seigenthaler Chair of Excellence in First Amendment Studies. Archived from
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Dombrowski, et al. v. Pfister, Chairman, Joint
Legislative Committee on Un-American Activities of the Louisiana Legislature, et al.
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district court dismissed the claim, stating that
Dombrowski had failed to show evidence of irreparable damage and asserted the
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would justify a federal court in issuing an injunction against state proceedings. However, since the announcement of
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Furthermore, the State was threatening to use anti-subversion statutes to prosecute the organization.
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model and allow an exception to the no-injunction rule is so limited as to be an "empty universe."
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The
Supreme Court overturned the earlier dismissal of the court below, making note of the "
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stated, the bad-faith prosecution exception seems narrowly limited to facts like those in
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Black and Stewart took no part in the consideration or decision of the case.
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was insufficient to justify enjoining state proceedings, without more.
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rights. Federal courts ordinarily should abstain from interfering in
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conceded that bad faith prosecution like the pattern in
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United Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers of America
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United States Supreme Court cases of the Warren Court
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A court may enjoin enforcement of a statute that is
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Brennan, joined by Warren, Douglas, White, Goldberg
305:Several years later, the Supreme Court decided in
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326:Court asserted that the bare existence of a
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588:United States Free Speech Clause case law
295:when parties challenge a statute facially
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281:" the ruling below would have had on
18:1965 United States Supreme Court case
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444:Lateer, James (November 16, 2017).
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242:Center for Constitutional Rights
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598:1965 in United States case law
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385:"Dombrowski v. Pfister (1965)"
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230:United States Supreme Court
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153:William J. Brennan Jr.
45:Decided April 26, 1965
537:Dombrowski v. Pfister
337:The Supreme Court in
291:overbroad application
222:Dombrowski v. Pfister
24:Dombrowski v. Pfister
484:Federal Jurisdiction
213:U.S. Const. amend. I
513:Chemerinsky, p. 860
504:Chemerinsky, p. 859
482:Erwin Chemerinsky,
301:Status as precedent
267:abstention doctrine
78:85 S. Ct. 1116; 14
137:William O. Douglas
125:Associate Justices
608:1965 in Louisiana
450:. Trine Day LLC.
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351:Erwin Chemerinsky
308:Younger v. Harris
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236:along with
165:Byron White
121:Earl Warren
582:Categories
365:References
359:Dombrowski
355:Dombrowski
343:Dombrowski
332:Dombrowski
320:Dombrowski
316:Dombrowski
252:Background
129:Hugo Black
84:U.S. LEXIS
246:Louisiana
103:bad faith
82:22; 1965
80:L. Ed. 2d
60:Citations
535:Text of
273:Decision
227:landmark
186:Majority
552:Findlaw
468:July 9,
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395:July 9,
347:Younger
339:Younger
324:Younger
194:Dissent
92:Holding
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