1102:
1401:
1159:
719:
1224:
861:
958:
56:
1033:
2149:
1385:
2164:
1145:
At the end of the battle, the
Turkish fleet was destroyed and thousands of Turkish soldiers were killed. The League had over 13,000 casualties and liberated over 10,000 Christian slaves. In the evening, a storm broke and the League had to head for port, while sporadic Greek uprisings were suppressed
698:
in 1559, aware of his father's will. Once he had settled in
Valladolid, he summoned de Quijada to bring John to a hunt. The first meeting between Philip and John took place on 28 September in the Monastery of Santa MarĂa de La Santa Espina. When the king appeared, de Quijada told John to dismount as
942:
In May 1570, John negotiated a peace with El HabaquĂ. In the summer and fall of 1570, the last campaigns to subdue the rebels were carried out. In
February 1571, Philip signed a decree expelling all Moriscos from the Kingdom of Granada. John's letters described their forced exile as the greatest
1115:
The gunfire from the galleasses disrupted the
Turkish formations as they pressed to the attack, and the bigger and more numerous guns of the Christian allies did damage as the Turkish right and center closed to board. The allies won the fighting on the decks. Among the wounded was 24-year-old
1210:
Two months after his defeat at
Rijmenam, John of Austria contracted a fever and died on 1 October 1578, at the age of 31. To avoid his body being captured at sea by Spain's enemies, it was returned to Madrid overland in four saddle bags and reassembled once there. John was buried in the
677:, was then outside of Spain. Rumors had spread about John's paternity, which de Quijada denied, and he wrote to Charles asking for instructions. Charles replied with a note written by his personal secretary Eraso, in which he recommended to wait for Philip's return to Spain.
900:
The deportation policy aggravated the situation. John asked Philip for permission to go on the offensive. The king granted his request and John left
Granada at the head of a large and well-supplied army. After clearing rebels from nearby Granada, he marched east through
710:. He did not live in a palace, but maintained a separate household with de Quijada as the head. Philip allowed John to have the income allocated to him by Charles. In public ceremonies, John stood, walked, or rode ahead of the grandees, but behind the royal family.
658:, dated 6 June 1554, in which he recognized: "For since I was in Germany, after being widowed, I had a natural child of one unmarried woman, named Geronimo". In the summer of 1558, Charles ordered de Quijada, de Ulloa, and John to relocate to the village of
1182:
When Luis de
Requesens died on 5 March 1576, the Council of State urged the king to appoint a new governor immediately, recommending that it be a member of the royal family. Philip appointed John as governor-general; John entered Brussels on 1 May 1577.
1149:
During and after the battle of
Lepanto, John was addressed in letters and in person with "Highness" and "Prince", in contradiction to the initial protocol and address by Philip. There are no records to indicate if Philip gave Don John these honors.
699:
a sign of respect. When John did so, Philip asked him if he knew the identity of his father; he did not, so Philip explained that they had the same father and thus were brothers. Philip insisted that, although John was a member of the
666:, and until his own death in September of that year, he saw his son several times. In his last will of 1558, he officially recognized John as his son; he also arranged for John to enter the clergy and pursue an ecclesiastical career.
1028:
remained. Sickness hit the
Venetian fleet and a consensus grew that it was best to return to port, which they did. Animosities between the Christian allies became more open while the Turks continued their siege of Famagusta.
311:
804:. John asked Philip for permission to join the navy, but was denied; he then left the court and travelled to Barcelona, but was unable to reach the fleet in time. John continued his attempts to join the fleet of
1137:
of
Algiers, tried to outmaneuver Doria's wing, drawing it away from the League center. When a gap appeared between Doria and the center, Uluj Ali turned and aimed at the gap, smashing three galleys of the
916:. The siege of Galera stalled, so John ordered a general assault, making use of artillery and strategically set mines. On 10 February 1570, he entered the village, and had it levelled to the ground with
564:
897:
On 13 April 1569 John arrived in Granada, where he built his forces. Luis de Requesens and Ălvaro de BazĂĄn patrolled the coast with their galleys, limiting aid and reinforcements from Barbary.
1471:
2098:. Madrid, privately printed, 1966. A sensitive study of Don John, by an American long resident in Spain, it rests mainly on contemporary sources and has a lively treatment of Lepanto.
981:
against the Turks. Philip II agreed, and negotiations opened in Rome. Among Philip's terms was the appointment of John as commander-in-chief of the Holy League armada. He agreed that
651:, Valladolid. Magdalena de Ulloa, de Quijada's wife, took charge of his education, assisted by Latin teacher GuillĂ©n Prieto, chaplain GarcĂa de Morales, and Juan Galarza, a squire.
2177:
466:
530:
461:
1537:
depicts Don Juan searching for his own identity, his journey from an orphaned childhood to his transformation into the (illegitimate) son of Emperor Charles V and the hero of
4543:
476:
1020:. On reaching the Turkish coast in September, Colonna and the Venetians wished to continue towards Cyprus while Doria argued that it was too late. Then, news arrived that
4730:
471:
525:
481:
1098:. In all four formations were galleys from each of the participating states. Two galleasses each were assigned to the wings and center. The battle began around noon.
515:
1529:
1142:
on John's right flank. John came around while the Marquis of Santa Cruz hit Uluj Ali with his rear guard. Uluj Ali and approximately half of his wing escaped.
3673:
805:
4700:
1083:. After some debate amongst themselves, The Turks chose to fight. They had the larger fleet, nearly 300 vessels to John's 207 galleys and six galleasses.
1008:
While John finished the pacification of Granada, negotiations continued in Rome. In the summer of 1570, Philip sailed for Cyprus under the pope's admiral
2682:
4775:
4695:
3693:
2608:
4611:
4760:
4158:
1094:, John deployed his armada into a left wing under Venetian command, a right wing under Doria, a center under himself, and a rear guard under the
927:, John was shot in the head, and his foster father Luis de Quijada was wounded. De Quijada died of his injuries a week later, on 25 February, in
883:
region, to abandon their customs, language, clothing, and religious practices. By the end of 1568, almost 200 towns revolted against the decree.
3653:
4750:
1314:
4616:
3703:
2225:
1232:
85:
3308:
2666:
2174:
1068:
and given instructions by Philip. He travelled with the Spanish squadron from Barcelona in July, and the Holy League armada set sail from
4710:
1095:
855:
456:
4655:
1064:
also provided galleys, and Alexander Farnese sailed in one of them. When the League was formally signed in May, John was designated
4523:
3627:
2305:
966:
1809:
Tracy, J.D. (2008). The Founding of the Dutch Republic: War, Finance, and Politics in Holland 1572â1588. Oxford University Press.
3607:
1303:
678:
1423:
A copy of the statue of John in Messina was erected in his birthplace of Regensburg in 1978, the fourth centenary of his death.
1370:
Unnamed (born and died in 1574); reportedly died at childbirth, although it was rumoured that Philip II had a hand in his death.
2745:
1309:
Maria Ana of Austria (November 1569, VillagarcĂa de Campos, Madrid â 27 November 1629, Las Huelgas, Burgos), who later became
759:, the same amount allocated to his half-sister Joanna, Dowager Princess of Portugal, with whom John had a close relationship.
4755:
4381:
2492:
1843:
1814:
1592:
1267:
887:
876:
414:
3343:
3212:
2839:
2835:
1101:
685:
during the absence of her brother Philip, asked to see the child. She met him in Valladolid in May 1559, coinciding with an
4476:
4471:
3839:
3245:
2888:
2341:
2168:
1918:
4705:
4538:
3658:
612:
17:
2527:
1400:
4305:
3622:
3558:
3280:
3260:
2735:
2467:
2430:
2025:
4670:
3774:
4371:
4280:
3678:
3222:
2775:
2405:
1987:
1874:
1781:
1756:
1726:
1701:
1235:
were modified for his own. John's coat of arms consisted of a divided shield; on the dexter (left) side, the arms of
771:
4745:
4571:
3255:
2739:
2517:
2235:
1416:
at the initiative of the local senate in 1572, to honor the victor of Lepanto. The statue survived the devastating
741:
733:
310:
113:
38:
3947:
3882:
4508:
4300:
4087:
3887:
3436:
3371:
2957:
2859:
2218:
891:
103:
4426:
3942:
3386:
3270:
1243:
were placed in a cut and not quartered (repeated in four quarters), as usual; on the sinister (right) side were
4528:
4466:
4265:
3683:
3396:
3376:
3348:
3265:
3240:
3100:
2908:
2815:
2755:
2722:
1306:
and daughter of Diego Hurtado of Mendoza, Prince of Melito and 1st Duke of Francavilla. They had one daughter:
1158:
706:
John was known as "Don Juan de Austria", and his manner of address was "Your Excellency", the title used for a
4491:
4320:
4077:
4643:
4621:
4576:
4518:
4496:
4310:
4082:
3764:
3553:
3538:
2623:
2487:
2440:
1325:
1198:, and hastened the disintegration of the unity of the rebel provinces. Six months later John was defeated at
641:
588:
279:
3872:
4513:
4481:
4012:
3877:
3313:
2693:
2502:
2298:
1934:
1367:
Zenobia Saratosia (born ca. 1540), daughter of Vincenzo Saratosia and Violante Garofano. They had one son:
4501:
3834:
4725:
4486:
4386:
4017:
3469:
3401:
2370:
2041:
1461:
718:
31:
3937:
3844:
4765:
4421:
3784:
3431:
3318:
3230:
3202:
2829:
2799:
2604:
2435:
2115:
1393:
1287:
819:
that would ferry him to Italy. In exchange for his assistance, the prince promised John control of the
737:
3804:
3759:
2199:
1865:, p. 227, in: Menéndez Pidal y Navascués, Faustino; O'Donnell y Duque de Estrada, Hugo; Lolo, Begoña:
1644:
703:, he was not to be addressed as "Your Highness", the form reserved for royals and sovereign princes.
4770:
4740:
4735:
4340:
4290:
4148:
4047:
3543:
3416:
3381:
3333:
3235:
2847:
2731:
2420:
2390:
2385:
1626:
1409:
1199:
1187:
1105:
1002:
782:
520:
488:
2965:
1186:
John captured the city of Namur on 24 July 1577. In January 1578 he defeated the Protestants in the
4285:
4168:
4128:
4067:
4062:
4002:
3421:
3411:
3197:
2900:
2811:
2512:
2193:
1322:
Diana Falangola (born 1556), daughter of Scipione Falangola, Lord of Fagnano. They had a daughter:
830:
John returned to the Mediterranean to take charge of the fleet. After meeting with his advisers in
608:
503:
498:
4665:
3744:
2977:
2497:
1542:
1328:(11 September 1573, Naples â 7 February 1630, Militello), who married at Palermo on 20 April 1603
648:
4790:
4335:
4193:
4037:
3977:
3927:
3829:
3426:
3391:
3338:
2973:
2843:
2807:
2537:
2410:
2395:
2291:
1417:
726:
670:
596:
64:
3528:
1339:
Margherita Branciforte d'Austria (11 January 1605, Naples â 24 January 1659, Rome), Princess of
752:. While at the university, Carlos sustained a skull fracture, resulting in personality changes.
4785:
4780:
4626:
4198:
4133:
3637:
3523:
3406:
3366:
3010:
2803:
2462:
2452:
1438:
778:
637:
3769:
1582:
1286:
that appeared in the coat of arms of his father. Encircling the shield is the necklace of the
1223:
920:. Between 400 and 4,500 inhabitants were killed, and 2,000â4,500 more were sold into slavery.
811:
Prince Carlos confided in John and told him of his plans to flee Spain and travel towards the
4072:
3482:
3303:
3192:
3131:
3059:
2969:
2670:
2350:
1329:
1194:, the leader of the revolt, to leave Brussels. The victory of John also meant the end of the
4606:
4007:
3794:
3754:
3713:
2687:
1392:(according to a design by Ponzano) in the fifth chamber of the Pantheon in the Monastery of
1231:
As John of Austria was the illegitimate son of Charles V, the partitions of the armories of
4720:
4715:
4581:
4250:
4213:
4203:
4143:
4042:
4022:
3917:
3729:
3548:
2425:
2415:
1885:
767:
510:
4107:
3897:
3819:
1524:, presenting Don John of Austria as one of history's most triumphant and inspiring heroes.
905:, where veteran troops from Italy joined him, increasing his number of troops to 12,000.
763:
8:
4650:
4406:
4391:
4275:
4255:
4208:
4188:
3992:
3987:
3932:
3902:
3668:
3293:
3250:
3207:
3136:
3105:
2876:
2855:
2821:
2727:
2697:
2628:
2472:
2445:
2345:
2154:
1534:
1433:
1139:
1117:
1037:
1009:
812:
777:
John actively participated in court ceremonies, including at the baptisms of his nieces,
223:
4396:
4097:
4411:
4401:
4376:
4330:
4295:
4153:
3862:
3739:
3612:
3110:
3090:
2750:
2638:
2365:
1279:
1236:
1191:
1065:
978:
974:
909:
674:
663:
604:
535:
334:
123:
3734:
3663:
1949:
1240:
4591:
4533:
4366:
4138:
4112:
4102:
4092:
4027:
3982:
3912:
3892:
3867:
3814:
3789:
3054:
2581:
2522:
2477:
2336:
2021:
1983:
1870:
1839:
1810:
1777:
1752:
1722:
1697:
1628:
Don John of Austria, or Passages from the history of the sixteenth century, 1547-1578
1588:
1562:
1538:
1510:
1476:
1456:
1444:
1389:
1260:
1248:
1244:
1195:
1171:
1041:
1013:
952:
917:
820:
745:
700:
493:
407:
269:
250:
199:
2612:
1900:
4223:
4218:
4183:
4163:
3922:
3799:
3698:
3602:
3064:
2904:
1482:
1298:
The following women are confirmed to have had a relationship with John of Austria:
1275:
831:
633:
576:
422:
289:
4601:
2633:
1502:
depicts the relationship between Don John of Austria and his half-brother, Philip.
1357:
Elisabetta Branciforte d'Austria (9 December 1611, Naples â 7 August 1615, Naples)
1271:
1126:. Cervantes later wrote a description of the courage of the Christian combatants.
936:
4666:
Law of coartaciĂłn (which allowed slaves to buy their freedom, and that of others)
4416:
4356:
4270:
4178:
4052:
4032:
3997:
3779:
3749:
3298:
3288:
3184:
3069:
2961:
2918:
2678:
2586:
2457:
2181:
2066:
1922:
1283:
1080:
913:
749:
659:
600:
568:
451:
380:
299:
70:
4325:
1915:
1343:; married Federico Colonna, 5th Duke of Tagliacozzo, with whom she had one son:
4260:
4173:
4057:
3809:
3632:
3617:
3518:
3492:
3477:
3358:
2953:
2947:
2851:
2618:
2532:
2482:
2360:
2314:
1587:. ClĂo crĂłnicas de la historia (in Spanish). Editorial Edaf, S.L. p. 249.
1499:
1487:
1087:
793:
786:
655:
595:
to his will. John became a military leader in the service of his half-brother,
592:
329:
2765:
2082:
Victory of the West: The Great Christian-Muslim Clash at the Battle of Lepanto
4689:
3824:
2674:
2591:
2400:
2256:
1869:(in Spanish), Madrid: Centro de Estudios PolĂticos y Constitucionales, 1999.
1517:
1340:
732:
John completed his education at the University of AlcalĂĄ de Henares (now the
388:
134:
687:
4596:
4586:
4315:
3854:
3708:
3533:
3049:
2825:
2507:
2355:
1466:
1360:
Anna Branciforte d'Austria (6 July 1615, Naples â 1 September 1615, Naples)
1333:
1252:
1163:
1017:
990:
860:
584:
356:
351:
3907:
2192:
3497:
3323:
2892:
2770:
1835:
1827:
1354:
Caterina Branciforte d'Austria (4 May 1609, Naples â 6 June 1613, Naples)
1122:
997:, one of Philip's kingdoms. He also had in mind the eventual conquest of
970:
957:
890:, and appointed John the supreme commander of the royal forces. He chose
824:
241:
55:
30:"Don John of Austria" redirects here. For the opera by Isaac Nathan, see
3487:
1351:
Flavia Branciforte d'Austria (3 June 1606, Naples â 24 May 1608, Naples)
647:
In the summer of 1554, he was taken to the castle of Luis de Quijada in
4361:
3095:
2375:
2188:
1513:(Charles Scribner's Sons, 1930), has Don John as its central character.
1266:
The coat of arms of John of Austria did not incorporate the blazons of
1049:
880:
629:
195:
3328:
3085:
2985:
2760:
2662:
2596:
2071:
The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II
1646:
La Santa Espina, un oasis en los Torozos. Nuestra Historia: El Pueblo
1175:
1134:
1091:
1076:
1032:
1025:
835:
801:
838:
for a period of three months. He sailed to North Africa, landing at
3502:
2380:
2103:
Alexandre FarnÚse, Prince de Parme, Gouverneur Général des Pays-Bas
2075:
La Méditerranée et le monde méditerranéen à l'époque de Philippe II
1212:
1167:
1130:
1001:, whose corsairs posed a constant nuisance to Spain. Charles V had
872:
695:
924:
748:. All three were taught by Honorato Hugo, the disciple of scholar
4660:
4631:
3141:
3126:
2283:
2148:
1413:
1256:
1109:
1069:
1053:
1021:
998:
928:
843:
707:
264:
227:
1048:
The Venetians repaired their galley fleet and readied six armed
744:, the son of Charles V's other acknowledged illegitimate child,
3597:
3151:
3146:
2923:
2163:
1384:
1310:
994:
982:
932:
902:
816:
756:
682:
2134:
Don Juan d'Autriche et les projets de conquĂȘte de l'Angleterre
912:, and in late January 1570 he laid siege to the stronghold of
4638:
2912:
2576:
2252:
1061:
1057:
986:
823:. John said that he would give Carlos an answer, and went to
797:
219:
215:
130:
63:, oil in canvas of 2nd half of the 16th century, probably by
1302:
Maria of Mendoza (1545 â 22 April 1570), lady-in-waiting of
800:. To defend the island, a fleet was gathered at the port of
2981:
2896:
2004:
Historical Fiction Chronologically and Historically Related
985:
should be protected, but also wished to recover control of
839:
2874:
1980:
The Last Knight of Europe: The Life of Don John of Austria
1491:, in which he dubbed Don John "the last knight of Europe".
1090:
and took battle formation. Bringing his fleet through the
1024:, the capital of Cyprus, had fallen, and only the port of
946:
2091:, trans. Lady Moreton, New York: 1912. John Lane Company.
1448:
as "illegitimate brother to Don Pedro", Prince of Aragon.
1420:; however, it was moved to another location in the city.
1694:
Spain 1474-1700: The Triumphs and Tribulations of Empire
1036:
The Victors of Lepanto (from left: Don Juan de Austria,
591:. Charles V met his son only once, recognizing him in a
1052:. The pope hired twelve galleys from the Grand Duke of
1086:
On 7 October 1571, the Turkish fleet emerged into the
603:. He is best known for his role as the admiral of the
2629:
Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, northernmost France
766:
to reside in Brussels, where his mother governed the
2144:
2018:
The Last Crusader: A Novel about Don Juan of Austria
2006:. Chicago: Snowden Publishing Company, 1920. (p.642)
1522:
The Last Crusader: A Novel about Don Juan of Austria
1459:, which served in turn as a source for two operas,
1375:
Anne of Toledo, with whom he had no known children.
1346:
Antonio Colonna, Prince of Pietraperzia (1619â1623)
1215:, the only illegitimate Habsburg to be so honored.
1012:. In charge of Philip's contingent was the Genoese
4731:Burials in the Pantheon of Infantes at El Escorial
2073:. 2 vols. New York, Harper, 1972, translated from
1451:Don John of Austria's life inspired the 1835 play
808:until a letter from Philip caused him to give up.
256:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1170:, 1 May 1577. Print from 'The Wars of Nassau' by
989:, where the Turks had overthrown Philip's Muslim
4687:
2042:"Premio Internacional de Novela RĂłmulo Gallegos"
1624:
1293:
834:on 2 June 1568, he went out to sea to fight the
3173:
888:Iñigo López de Mendoza, 3rd Marquis of Mondejar
815:from Italy. He needed John's help to acquire a
1776:. Random House Publishing Group. p. 489.
1601:
849:
785:. He was assigned to carry the infants to the
755:In 1562, the royal house assigned John 15,000
599:, Charles V's heir, and was addressed to as a
2818:, a northernmost portion of Brazilian Amazon)
2299:
973:sent an envoy to urge Philip to join him and
583:; 24 February 1547 â 1 October 1578) was the
68:
4701:Illegitimate children of Holy Roman Emperors
2493:Independence of Spanish continental Americas
1968:. Ed. Claire McEachern. London: Arden. 2006.
1861:Menéndez Pidal y Navascués, Faustino, Hugo:
1719:Blood and Faith: The Purging of Muslim Spain
969:became the focus of Spanish attention after
37:For other people named John of Austria, see
1568:at website of Real Academia de la Historia
935:, which dominated the middle valley of the
736:), where he attended with his two nephews:
2306:
2292:
54:
4776:Children of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
4696:Illegitimate children of Spanish monarchs
4612:Colonial universities in Hispanic America
1742:
1740:
1738:
871:A decree dated 1 January 1567 forced the
4617:Colonial universities in the Philippines
1691:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1658:
1399:
1383:
1222:
1157:
1100:
1031:
956:
908:At the end of 1569 he managed to pacify
859:
717:
242:Royal Site of San Lorenzo de El Escorial
3608:Free Company of Volunteers of Catalonia
2015:
1977:
1936:Antonio Colonna, prince of Pietrapersia
1746:
1685:
1580:
1304:Joanna of Austria, Princess of Portugal
947:The War of Cyprus and Battle of Lepanto
856:Rebellion of the Alpujarras (1568â1571)
14:
4688:
4561:
2009:
1735:
1676:
943:"human misery" that can be portrayed.
894:to serve as one of John's advisers.
4751:Governors of the Habsburg Netherlands
4560:
4456:
4455:
3579:
3457:
3172:
3031:
2999:
2936:
2873:
2788:
2711:
2651:
2565:
2554:
2326:
2325:
2287:
2105:(1578â92), 5 vols., Brussels, 1933â35
1857:
1855:
1771:
1655:
993:. Tunis posed an immediate threat to
746:Margaret of Austria, Duchess of Parma
2889:Captaincy General of the Philippines
2381:New Laws in favour of the indigenous
2187:
1826:
1765:
1716:
1153:
679:Joanna, Dowager Princess of Portugal
4761:People of the OttomanâVenetian Wars
4592:Indochristian painting in New Spain
2712:
2226:Governor of the Spanish Netherlands
1710:
923:When he marched on the fortress of
644:, who had been widowed since 1539.
632:, Upper Palatinate. His mother was
613:Governor of the Spanish Netherlands
86:Governor of the Spanish Netherlands
27:Spanish military leader (1547â1578)
24:
4711:Military personnel from Regensburg
3559:Commerce Consulate of Buenos Aires
3032:
2313:
2175:Chronicle of the battle of Lepanto
1852:
1634:. London: Longmans, Green, and Co.
1625:Stirling-Maxwell, William (1883).
1315:Santa MarĂa la Real de Las Huelgas
713:
457:Second rebellion of the Alpujarras
25:
4802:
2789:
2652:
2533:Independence of Equatorial Guinea
2140:
806:GarcĂa Ălvarez de Toledo y Osorio
740:, son and heir of Philip II, and
4644:Criollos in the colonial society
4572:Spanish missions in the Americas
3694:Charles Bonaventure de Longueval
2236:Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma
2162:
2147:
2089:The Story of Don John of Austria
1978:Goddard, Gloria (25 July 2006).
1832:The Habsburgs: To Rule the World
1426:
1190:. The defeat at Gembloux forced
1075:John found the Turkish fleet at
867:, by Alonso SĂĄnchez Coello, 1567
734:Complutense University of Madrid
662:. Charles resided nearby at the
309:
114:Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma
39:John of Austria (disambiguation)
4671:Great PotosĂ Mint Fraud of 1649
2555:
2060:
2034:
1996:
1971:
1958:
1943:
1928:
1916:Branciforte in: tribalpages.com
1909:
1894:
1879:
1820:
1803:
1790:
1227:Coat of arms of John of Austria
1218:
3000:
2723:Captaincy General of Guatemala
2431:Franco-Spanish War (1635â1659)
2203:. Vol. 13 (9th ed.).
1638:
1574:
1556:
623:
13:
1:
4622:General Archive of the Indies
3883:Francisco VĂĄzquez de Coronado
3554:Camino Real de Tierra Adentro
3539:Guipuzcoan Company of Caracas
2488:Third Treaty of San Ildefonso
2441:War of the Spanish Succession
2406:Anglo-Spanish War (1585â1604)
2267:
1982:. Kessinger Publishing, LLC.
1549:
1432:A "Don John" is a villain in
1294:Relationships and descendants
642:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
589:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
280:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
150:
4756:Knights of the Golden Fleece
3580:
2694:Captaincy General of Yucatan
2624:Union with Holy Roman Empire
2603:Southern Italy (Kingdoms of
2518:GermanâSpanish Treaty (1899)
2262:temporarily created position
1796:"Eigen Brusselse rechters",
1584:Carlos V: Emperador y hombre
1404:Engraving of John of Austria
1129:The Turkish left wing under
628:John of Austria was born in
7:
3458:
3174:Administrative subdivisions
2371:War of the League of Cognac
2125:Stirling-Maxwell, William.
1410:monument to John of Austria
1388:Tomb of John of Austria by
1336:. They had five daughters:
1003:tried and failed to take it
918:salt ploughed into its soil
850:Rebellion of the Alpujarras
827:to report him to the king.
32:Don John of Austria (opera)
10:
4807:
4706:16th-century German people
3888:Diego Velåzquez de Cuéllar
3873:Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada
3775:Ălvar NĂșñez Cabeza de Vaca
2937:
2673:), Western United States (
2566:
2436:Portuguese Restoration War
2219:Luis de ZĂșñiga y Requesens
1527:The 1990 historical novel
1485:in 1911 published a poem,
1394:San Lorenzo de El Escorial
1288:Order of the Golden Fleece
950:
853:
104:Luis de Requesens y ZĂșñiga
36:
29:
4656:Slavery in Spanish Empire
4567:
4556:
4462:
4451:
4349:
4243:
4236:
4121:
3970:
3963:
3956:
3943:Pere d'AlbernĂ i Teixidor
3853:
3722:
3684:Ălvaro de BazĂĄn the Elder
3646:
3590:
3586:
3575:
3544:Barcelona Trading Company
3511:
3468:
3464:
3453:
3357:
3309:New Andalusia (1501â1513)
3279:
3221:
3183:
3179:
3168:
3119:
3078:
3042:
3038:
3027:
3006:
2943:
2884:
2816:Venezuela, part of Guyana
2795:
2718:
2669:, Central United States (
2658:
2572:
2561:
2550:
2401:BruneianâSpanish conflict
2386:Expulsion of the Moriscos
2332:
2321:
2272:
2250:
2242:
2232:
2223:
2215:
2210:
1921:19 September 2016 at the
1696:. Heinemann. p. 77.
1692:Pendrill, Collin (2002).
1541:. The novel won the 1991
1379:
1233:his father's coat of arms
865:John of Austria in armour
669:Charles's only surviving
553:
549:
431:
400:
373:
365:
344:
322:
317:
305:
295:
285:
275:
263:
249:
234:
205:
189:
185:
177:
167:
157:
146:
129:
119:
109:
99:
91:
84:
80:
69:
53:
48:
4597:Quito painting tradition
4587:Cusco painting tradition
3948:GarcĂa LĂłpez de CĂĄrdenas
3938:JerĂłnimo Luis de Cabrera
3845:Felipe GonzĂĄlez de Ahedo
3765:Pedro Menéndez de Avilés
2342:Conquest of the Americas
1798:Brussel: Waar is de Tijd
1747:Thubron, Collin (1981).
1677:Petrie, Charles (1967).
1581:SĂĄnchez, J.A.V. (2015).
1505:The historical romance,
1205:
1192:Prince William of Orange
1166:of John of Austria into
1106:John of Austria monument
931:. John took the town of
694:Philip II returned from
4746:Spanish Roman Catholics
4382:Comuneros (New Granada)
4159:Balearic Islands (1558)
3878:HernĂĄn PĂ©rez de Quesada
3805:Ruy LĂłpez de Villalobos
3760:Miguel LĂłpez de Legazpi
3674:GarcĂa de Toledo Osorio
2538:Western Sahara conflict
2528:Independence of Morocco
2468:Treaty of Madrid (1750)
2411:Piracy in the Caribbean
2396:French Wars of Religion
2200:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
2184:by Rev. Luis Coloma, SJ
2129:. 2 vols. London: 1883.
2112:(revised edition, 2003)
2016:de Wohl, Louis (1956).
727:Jooris van der Straeten
618:
597:King Philip II of Spain
65:Juan Pantoja de la Cruz
4627:Colonial Spanish Horse
4301:Colonia del Sacramento
3524:Spanish treasure fleet
3101:Royal Decree of Graces
2077:, 2nd Ă©d., Paris: 1966
1966:Much Ado About Nothing
1964:Shakespeare, William.
1717:Carr, Matthew (2013).
1530:La visita en el tiempo
1472:Don Giovanni d'Austria
1442:. He is listed in the
1439:Much Ado About Nothing
1405:
1397:
1228:
1179:
1112:
1045:
962:
879:, particularly in the
868:
779:Isabella Clara Eugenia
762:In 1565, Farnese left
729:
580:
572:
531:Siege of Philippeville
140:extraordinary position
3785:Vasco NĂșñez de Balboa
3745:Juan SebastiĂĄn Elcano
3060:Council of the Indies
2421:SpanishâMoro conflict
2391:OttomanâHabsburg wars
2351:Treaty of Tordesillas
2110:Gunpowder and Galleys
2101:Essen, LĂ©on van der.
1563:Bartolomé Bennassar,
1543:RĂłmulo Gallegos Prize
1533:by Venezuelan writer
1494:The historical novel
1403:
1387:
1330:Francesco Branciforte
1251:; and on the divided
1226:
1161:
1104:
1096:Marquis of Santa Cruz
1035:
960:
951:Further information:
863:
721:
649:VillagarcĂa de Campos
640:, and his father was
573:Johann von Ăsterreich
489:OttomanâHabsburg wars
366:Years of service
4582:Mesoamerican Codices
4306:Comuneros (Paraguay)
4144:Siege of Castelnuovo
3730:Christopher Columbus
3549:Consulate of the Sea
3529:Casa de ContrataciĂłn
3120:Titles and positions
2513:SpanishâAmerican War
2503:Liberal constitution
2346:Asia and the Pacific
2180:18 June 2012 at the
2171:at Wikimedia Commons
1887:MarĂa Ana de Mendoza
1772:Meyer, G.J. (2010).
1016:, a great-nephew of
723:Portrait of Don Juan
636:, the daughter of a
4311:Cartagena de Indias
3933:Diego de Mazariegos
3903:Pere Fages i Beleta
3770:SebastiĂĄn de Ocampo
3251:Provincias Internas
3223:Captaincies General
3137:Municipal president
3106:School of Salamanca
2877:Spanish East Indies
2856:Misiones Orientales
2728:Spanish West Indies
2692:, Central America (
2639:Pyrénées-Orientales
2592:Union with Portugal
2483:Napoleonic invasion
2463:War of Jenkins' Ear
2169:Don Juan de Austria
2155:Christianity portal
2127:Don John of Austria
2120:Don John of Austria
2116:Petrie, Sir Charles
2096:Don Juan of Austria
1800:, 6 (1999), p. 132.
1681:. New York: Norton.
1679:Don John of Austria
1535:Arturo Uslar Pietri
1462:Don John of Austria
1453:Don Juan d'Autriche
1434:William Shakespeare
1120:, future writer of
1118:Miguel de Cervantes
1038:Marcantonio Colonna
1010:Marcantonio Colonna
813:Spanish Netherlands
774:while in Brussels.
768:Spanish Netherlands
691:then taking place.
224:Spanish Netherlands
61:Don Juan de Austria
18:Don John of Austria
4726:Deaths from typhus
4607:Academia AntĂĄrtica
4562:Other civil topics
3928:PĂĄnfilo de NarvĂĄez
3830:SebastiĂĄn VizcaĂno
3795:Andrés de Urdaneta
3755:Juan Ponce de LeĂłn
3740:Ferdinand Magellan
3714:Bernardo de GĂĄlvez
3613:Indian auxiliaries
3111:Trial of residence
3091:Laws of the Indies
2875:Asia and Oceania (
2736:Dominican Republic
2246:Office established
2211:Political offices
2080:Capponi, NiccolĂČ,
2020:. Ignatius Press.
2002:Kaye, James Ross.
1867:SĂmbolos de España
1406:
1398:
1229:
1188:Battle of Gembloux
1180:
1113:
1072:in mid-September.
1066:commander-in-chief
1046:
963:
877:Kingdom of Granada
869:
783:Catherine Michaela
742:Alessandro Farnese
730:
675:Philip II of Spain
664:Monastery of Yuste
654:Charles V wrote a
536:Battle of Rijmenam
521:Battle of Gembloux
419:Holy League forces
415:Kingdom of Granada
181:Philip II of Spain
162:Office established
124:Philip II of Spain
4766:Battle of Lepanto
4683:
4682:
4679:
4678:
4552:
4551:
4457:Spanish conquests
4447:
4446:
4443:
4442:
4439:
4438:
4435:
4434:
4232:
4231:
3913:Pedro de Alvarado
3898:Gaspar de PortolĂ
3893:Pedro de Valdivia
3868:Francisco Pizarro
3820:NicolĂĄs de Ovando
3815:Alonso de Ercilla
3790:Alonso de Salazar
3623:Ships of the line
3571:
3570:
3567:
3566:
3449:
3448:
3445:
3444:
3164:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3023:
3022:
3019:
3018:
2995:
2994:
2952:Northern Africa (
2948:Equatorial Guinea
2932:
2931:
2869:
2868:
2784:
2783:
2707:
2706:
2698:Spanish Caribbean
2671:Spanish Louisiana
2647:
2646:
2582:Crown of Castille
2546:
2545:
2523:Spanish Civil War
2498:AdamsâOnĂs Treaty
2478:Nootka Convention
2426:Thirty Years' War
2416:Eighty Years' War
2337:Catholic Monarchs
2327:Timelineâimmersed
2282:
2281:
2273:Succeeded by
2233:Succeeded by
2194:"John, Don"
2167:Media related to
2132:Törne, P. O. de,
2108:Guilmartin, J.F.
1951:Zenobia Sarotosia
1845:978-1-5416-4450-2
1815:978-0-19-920911-8
1721:. The New Press.
1594:978-84-414-3608-4
1511:Frank H. Spearman
1496:A Knight of Spain
1477:Filippo Marchetti
1457:Casimir Delavigne
1445:dramatis personae
1390:Giuseppe Galeotti
1261:Duchy of Burgundy
1196:Union of Brussels
1154:The Low Countries
1092:Curzolaris islets
1042:Sebastiano Venier
1014:Gian Andrea Doria
961:Battle of Lepanto
953:Battle of Lepanto
892:Luis de Requesens
875:who lived in the
821:Kingdom of Naples
772:Maria of Portugal
764:AlcalĂĄ de Henares
701:House of Habsburg
609:Battle of Lepanto
557:
556:
526:Siege of Nivelles
511:Eighty Years' War
499:Siege of Navarino
494:Battle of Lepanto
482:Battle of Padules
477:Capture of TĂjola
462:Capture of GĂŒĂ©jar
300:Roman Catholicism
200:Holy Roman Empire
16:(Redirected from
4798:
4771:Sons of emperors
4741:Spanish admirals
4736:Spanish generals
4558:
4557:
4524:Chibchan Nations
4453:
4452:
4422:Santiago de Cuba
4281:Guadalupe Island
4241:
4240:
3968:
3967:
3961:
3960:
3923:Diego de Almagro
3800:Antonio de Ulloa
3704:Ambrosio Spinola
3699:Pedro de Zubiaur
3669:Alfonso d'Avalos
3659:Antonio de Leyva
3603:Army of Flanders
3588:
3587:
3577:
3576:
3466:
3465:
3455:
3454:
3181:
3180:
3170:
3169:
3040:
3039:
3029:
3028:
2997:
2996:
2970:Peñón of Algiers
2934:
2933:
2871:
2870:
2786:
2785:
2709:
2708:
2691:
2649:
2648:
2563:
2562:
2552:
2551:
2473:Seven Years' War
2446:Queen Anne's War
2323:
2322:
2308:
2301:
2294:
2285:
2284:
2276:Office dissolved
2269:
2243:Preceded by
2216:Preceded by
2208:
2207:
2204:
2196:
2166:
2157:
2152:
2151:
2094:Dennis, Amarie.
2054:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2038:
2032:
2031:
2013:
2007:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1975:
1969:
1962:
1956:
1947:
1941:
1932:
1926:
1913:
1907:
1898:
1892:
1883:
1877:
1859:
1850:
1849:
1824:
1818:
1807:
1801:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1751:. Time-Life UK.
1744:
1733:
1732:
1714:
1708:
1707:
1689:
1683:
1682:
1674:
1653:
1651:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1622:
1599:
1598:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1560:
1483:G. K. Chesterton
1332:, 2nd Prince of
1326:Juana of Austria
1140:Knights of Malta
1135:governor general
634:Barbara Blomberg
567:
516:Capture of Namur
504:Tunis expedition
442:
423:Army of Flanders
384:(Spanish Empire)
318:Military service
313:
290:Barbara Blomberg
212:
193:24 February 1547
172:Office dissolved
152:
74:
73:
58:
46:
45:
21:
4806:
4805:
4801:
4800:
4799:
4797:
4796:
4795:
4686:
4685:
4684:
4675:
4651:Old inquisition
4563:
4548:
4458:
4431:
4387:Trinidad (1797)
4357:La Noche Triste
4345:
4341:San Juan (1797)
4291:San Juan (1595)
4228:
4117:
3957:Notable battles
3952:
3918:MartĂn de UrsĂșa
3849:
3780:Alonso de Ojeda
3750:Juan de la Cosa
3735:PinzĂłn brothers
3718:
3689:John of Austria
3664:MartĂn de Goiti
3642:
3582:
3563:
3507:
3460:
3441:
3353:
3349:Terra Australis
3344:RĂo de la Plata
3289:Castilla de Oro
3275:
3217:
3213:RĂo de la Plata
3175:
3156:
3115:
3074:
3070:Santa Hermandad
3034:
3015:
3011:Terra Australis
3002:
2991:
2958:Spanish Morocco
2939:
2928:
2919:Northern Taiwan
2880:
2865:
2836:RĂo de la Plata
2791:
2780:
2714:
2713:Central America
2703:
2685:
2654:
2643:
2587:Crown of Aragon
2568:
2557:
2542:
2458:Bourbon Reforms
2328:
2317:
2312:
2278:
2266:
2259:
2248:
2238:
2229:
2221:
2182:Wayback Machine
2153:
2146:
2143:
2122:. London: 1967.
2067:Fernand Braudel
2063:
2058:
2057:
2047:
2045:
2040:
2039:
2035:
2028:
2014:
2010:
2001:
1997:
1990:
1976:
1972:
1963:
1959:
1953:in: geneall.net
1948:
1944:
1938:in: geneall.net
1933:
1929:
1923:Wayback Machine
1914:
1910:
1904:in: geneall.net
1902:Diana Falangola
1899:
1895:
1889:in: geneall.net
1884:
1880:
1860:
1853:
1846:
1838:. p. 103.
1825:
1821:
1808:
1804:
1795:
1791:
1784:
1770:
1766:
1759:
1745:
1736:
1729:
1715:
1711:
1704:
1690:
1686:
1675:
1656:
1649:
1643:
1639:
1631:
1623:
1602:
1595:
1579:
1575:
1569:
1565:Juan de Austria
1561:
1557:
1552:
1429:
1418:1908 earthquake
1412:was erected in
1382:
1296:
1221:
1208:
1156:
1146:by the Turks.
1081:Gulf of Corinth
1056:. The dukes of
955:
949:
886:Philip deposed
858:
852:
750:Juan Luis Vives
716:
714:Formative years
708:Spanish grandee
660:Cuacos de Yuste
626:
621:
581:Juan de Austria
563:
560:John of Austria
545:
542:
472:Battle of SerĂłn
467:Siege of Galera
452:Barbary pirates
444:
443:
438:
427:
396:
392:
383:
381:Captain general
361:
340:
245:
239:
214:
210:
194:
137:
76:
71:Museo del Prado
49:John of Austria
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4804:
4794:
4793:
4791:Sons of counts
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4681:
4680:
4677:
4676:
4674:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4647:
4646:
4636:
4635:
4634:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4568:
4565:
4564:
4554:
4553:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4505:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4467:Canary Islands
4463:
4460:
4459:
4449:
4448:
4445:
4444:
4441:
4440:
4437:
4436:
4433:
4432:
4430:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4353:
4351:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4321:TĂșpac Amaru II
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4266:BogotĂĄ savanna
4263:
4258:
4253:
4247:
4245:
4238:
4234:
4233:
4230:
4229:
4227:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4174:Spanish Armada
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4125:
4123:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4068:White Mountain
4065:
4063:Cape Celidonia
4060:
4058:English Armada
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3974:
3972:
3965:
3958:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
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3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3859:
3857:
3851:
3850:
3848:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3835:Juan FernĂĄndez
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3810:Diego Columbus
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
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3732:
3726:
3724:
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3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3650:
3648:
3644:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3638:Army of Africa
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3618:Spanish Armada
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3594:
3592:
3584:
3583:
3573:
3572:
3569:
3568:
3565:
3564:
3562:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3519:Manila galleon
3515:
3513:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3474:
3472:
3462:
3461:
3451:
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3447:
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3442:
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3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3363:
3361:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3285:
3283:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3227:
3225:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3189:
3187:
3177:
3176:
3166:
3165:
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3158:
3157:
3155:
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3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3123:
3121:
3117:
3116:
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3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3082:
3080:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3046:
3044:
3036:
3035:
3033:Administration
3025:
3024:
3021:
3020:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3013:
3007:
3004:
3003:
2993:
2992:
2990:
2989:
2954:Western Sahara
2950:
2944:
2941:
2940:
2930:
2929:
2927:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2867:
2866:
2864:
2863:
2852:Banda Oriental
2833:
2819:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2725:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2667:Coastal Alaska
2659:
2656:
2655:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2601:
2600:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2573:
2570:
2569:
2559:
2558:
2548:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2449:
2448:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2339:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2319:
2318:
2315:Spanish Empire
2311:
2310:
2303:
2296:
2288:
2280:
2279:
2274:
2271:
2249:
2244:
2240:
2239:
2234:
2231:
2222:
2217:
2213:
2212:
2206:
2205:
2185:
2172:
2159:
2158:
2142:
2141:External links
2139:
2138:
2137:
2130:
2123:
2113:
2106:
2099:
2092:
2087:Coloma, Luis,
2085:
2078:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2033:
2027:978-1586174149
2026:
2008:
1995:
1988:
1970:
1957:
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1844:
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1600:
1593:
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1503:
1500:Marjorie Bowen
1492:
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1255:(center) were
1220:
1217:
1207:
1204:
1155:
1152:
1088:Gulf of Patras
948:
945:
854:Main article:
851:
848:
794:Ottoman Empire
787:baptismal font
715:
712:
673:son and heir,
625:
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429:
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398:
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395:
394:
385:
377:
375:
371:
370:
367:
363:
362:
360:
359:
354:
348:
346:
345:Branch/service
342:
341:
339:
338:
332:
330:Spanish Empire
326:
324:
320:
319:
315:
314:
307:
303:
302:
297:
293:
292:
287:
283:
282:
277:
273:
272:
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261:
260:
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247:
246:
240:
236:
232:
231:
213:(aged 31)
209:1 October 1578
207:
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202:
191:
187:
186:
183:
182:
179:
175:
174:
169:
165:
164:
159:
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127:
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121:
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111:
107:
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97:
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88:
82:
81:
78:
77:
59:
51:
50:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4803:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4786:Sons of dukes
4784:
4782:
4781:Sons of kings
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
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4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4602:Tapada limeña
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4569:
4566:
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4454:
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4410:
4408:
4405:
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4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
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4348:
4342:
4339:
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4332:
4329:
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4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
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4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
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4248:
4246:
4242:
4239:
4235:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4194:Montes Claros
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4134:Vienna (1529)
4132:
4130:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4120:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
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4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
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4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3975:
3973:
3969:
3966:
3962:
3959:
3955:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3863:Hernån Cortés
3861:
3860:
3858:
3856:
3855:Conquistadors
3852:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3825:Juan de Ayala
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3727:
3725:
3721:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3679:Duke of Savoy
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3651:
3649:
3645:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3595:
3593:
3589:
3585:
3578:
3574:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3516:
3514:
3510:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3478:Dollar (Peso)
3476:
3475:
3473:
3471:
3467:
3463:
3456:
3452:
3438:
3437:Santo Domingo
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3362:
3360:
3356:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3314:New Andalusia
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3282:
3278:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3261:Santo Domingo
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3224:
3220:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3186:
3185:Viceroyalties
3182:
3178:
3171:
3167:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3118:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3077:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3047:
3045:
3041:
3037:
3030:
3026:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3005:
2998:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2942:
2935:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2914:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2883:
2878:
2872:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2834:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2820:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2794:
2790:South America
2787:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2720:
2717:
2710:
2699:
2695:
2689:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2675:Spanish Texas
2672:
2668:
2664:
2661:
2660:
2657:
2653:North America
2650:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2634:Franche-Comté
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2579:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2571:
2564:
2560:
2553:
2549:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2447:
2444:
2443:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2331:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2309:
2304:
2302:
2297:
2295:
2290:
2289:
2286:
2277:
2265:
2263:
2258:
2257:Spanish Italy
2254:
2247:
2241:
2237:
2228:
2227:
2220:
2214:
2209:
2202:
2201:
2195:
2190:
2186:
2183:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2165:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2150:
2145:
2135:
2131:
2128:
2124:
2121:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2107:
2104:
2100:
2097:
2093:
2090:
2086:
2083:
2079:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2043:
2037:
2029:
2023:
2019:
2012:
2005:
1999:
1991:
1989:1-4286-6206-5
1985:
1981:
1974:
1967:
1961:
1954:
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1939:
1937:
1931:
1924:
1920:
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1912:
1905:
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1897:
1890:
1888:
1882:
1876:
1875:84-259-1074-9
1872:
1868:
1864:
1858:
1856:
1847:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1823:
1817:, pp. 140â141
1816:
1812:
1806:
1799:
1793:
1785:
1783:9780440339144
1779:
1775:
1768:
1760:
1758:9780705406338
1754:
1750:
1749:The Venetians
1743:
1741:
1739:
1730:
1728:9781595585240
1724:
1720:
1713:
1705:
1703:9780435327330
1699:
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1536:
1532:
1531:
1526:
1523:
1519:
1518:Louis de Wohl
1515:
1512:
1508:
1507:Spanish Lover
1504:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1474:
1473:
1468:
1464:
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1458:
1454:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1441:
1440:
1436:'s 1599 play
1435:
1431:
1430:
1427:In literature
1424:
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1272:Franche-Comté
1269:
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1234:
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1172:W. Baudartius
1169:
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988:
984:
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976:
972:
968:
967:War of Cyprus
959:
954:
944:
940:
938:
937:AlmerĂa River
934:
930:
926:
921:
919:
915:
911:
906:
904:
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889:
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837:
833:
828:
826:
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814:
809:
807:
803:
799:
795:
792:In 1565, the
790:
788:
784:
780:
775:
773:
770:. He married
769:
765:
760:
758:
753:
751:
747:
743:
739:
738:Prince Carlos
735:
728:
724:
720:
711:
709:
704:
702:
697:
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690:
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672:
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645:
643:
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631:
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607:fleet at the
606:
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424:
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412:
409:
408:Mediterranean
406:
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393:(Holy League)
391:
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389:Generalissimo
386:
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379:
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233:
229:
226:(present-day
225:
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192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
173:
170:
166:
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136:
135:Spanish Italy
132:
128:
125:
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118:
115:
112:
108:
105:
102:
98:
94:
90:
87:
83:
79:
72:
66:
62:
57:
52:
47:
44:
40:
33:
19:
4577:Architecture
4472:The Americas
4336:Newfoundland
4326:TĂșpac Katari
4316:Cuerno Verde
4251:Tenochtitlan
4083:Valenciennes
3840:Luis Fajardo
3709:Blas de Lezo
3688:
3654:Duke of Alba
3534:Spanish Road
3372:Buenos Aires
3281:Governorates
3050:Ayuntamiento
3043:Organization
2508:Carlist Wars
2356:Italian Wars
2275:
2261:
2251:
2245:
2224:
2198:
2133:
2126:
2119:
2109:
2102:
2095:
2088:
2081:
2074:
2070:
2061:Bibliography
2046:. Retrieved
2044:(in Spanish)
2036:
2017:
2011:
2003:
1998:
1979:
1973:
1965:
1960:
1950:
1945:
1935:
1930:
1911:
1901:
1896:
1886:
1881:
1866:
1862:
1834:. New York:
1831:
1828:Rady, Martyn
1822:
1805:
1797:
1792:
1773:
1767:
1748:
1718:
1712:
1693:
1687:
1678:
1650:(in Spanish)
1645:
1640:
1627:
1583:
1576:
1570:(in Spanish)
1564:
1558:
1545:novel prize.
1528:
1521:
1506:
1495:
1486:
1470:
1469:in 1847 and
1467:Isaac Nathan
1460:
1452:
1443:
1437:
1422:
1407:
1334:Pietraperzia
1297:
1265:
1253:inescutcheon
1230:
1219:Coat of arms
1209:
1185:
1181:
1164:Joyous Entry
1148:
1144:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1085:
1074:
1047:
1018:Andrea Doria
1007:
991:client ruler
964:
941:
922:
907:
899:
896:
885:
870:
864:
829:
810:
791:
776:
761:
754:
731:
722:
705:
693:
686:
668:
653:
646:
627:
585:illegitimate
559:
558:
450:War against
439:
432:Battles/wars
413:Army of the
410:galley fleet
387:
357:Spanish Army
352:Spanish Navy
255:
211:(1578-10-01)
171:
161:
139:
60:
43:
4721:1578 deaths
4716:1547 births
4544:Philippines
4509:El Salvador
4129:Capo d'Orso
4013:St. Quentin
3988:Rome (1527)
3647:Strategists
3397:Guadalajara
3324:New Navarre
3319:New Castile
3304:La Luisiana
3256:Puerto Rico
3246:Philippines
3203:New Granada
2893:Philippines
2854:(Uruguay),
2850:(Bolivia),
2800:New Granada
2740:Puerto Rico
2686: [
2556:Territories
2376:Encomiendas
2189:Ward, A. W.
1836:Basic Books
1317:since 1611.
1247:and Aragon-
1123:Don Quixote
979:Holy League
971:Pope Pius V
825:El Escorial
624:Early years
605:Holy League
337:(1571â1573)
335:Holy League
238:24 May 1579
158:Predecessor
100:Predecessor
4690:Categories
4214:Somosierra
4204:Manila Bay
4078:Nördlingen
4018:Gravelines
3498:Columnario
3470:Currencies
3387:ConcepciĂłn
3359:Audiencias
3334:New Toledo
3299:La Florida
3132:Corregidor
3096:Papal bull
3001:Antarctica
2909:Micronesia
2366:Golden Age
2230:1576â1578
2048:2 November
1774:The Tudors
1550:References
1520:published
1498:(1913) by
1050:galleasses
881:Alpujarras
688:auto-da-fé
671:legitimate
630:Regensburg
323:Allegiance
257:See detail
196:Regensburg
4519:Nicaragua
4497:Guatemala
4407:Pichincha
4392:Chacabuco
4331:Pensacola
4276:Mataquito
4256:Cajamarca
4237:New World
4209:Trafalgar
4113:Alhucemas
3993:Landriano
3978:Comuneros
3964:Old World
3908:Joan OrpĂ
3628:Royalists
3402:Guatemala
3329:New Spain
3266:Venezuela
3241:Guatemala
3198:New Spain
3193:Columbian
3086:Exequatur
2986:Cape Juby
2840:Argentina
2663:New Spain
2597:Gibraltar
2361:Habsburgs
1863:El escudo
1516:In 1956,
1176:Amsterdam
1026:Famagusta
1005:in 1541.
832:Cartagena
802:Barcelona
796:attacked
565:âčSee Tfdâș
369:1568â1578
306:Signature
168:Successor
147:In office
110:Successor
95:1576â1578
92:In office
67:, in the
4529:Colombia
4514:Honduras
4427:Asomante
4412:Ayacucho
4402:Carabobo
4377:Curalaba
4154:Ceresole
4048:Gembloux
4008:MĂŒhlberg
3723:Mariners
3581:Military
3503:Doubloon
3488:MaravedĂ
3432:Santiago
3339:Paraguay
3065:Germania
2905:Caroline
2860:Malvinas
2844:Paraguay
2804:Colombia
2746:Trinidad
2613:Sardinia
2453:Bourbons
2191:(1881).
2178:Archived
1919:Archived
1830:(2020).
1479:in 1879.
1280:Flanders
1213:Escorial
1200:Rijmenam
1168:Brussels
1131:Uluj Ali
873:Moriscos
836:corsairs
696:Brussels
440:See list
401:Commands
296:Religion
270:Habsburg
75:, Madrid
4661:Asiento
4632:Mustang
4492:YucatĂĄn
4487:Chiapas
4367:Tucapel
4199:Passaro
4149:Algiers
4139:Preveza
4108:Tetouan
4103:Vitoria
4093:Bitonto
4033:Antwerp
4028:Lepanto
3983:Bicocca
3459:Economy
3382:Charcas
3377:Caracas
3271:YucatĂĄn
3142:Regidor
3127:Alcalde
3055:Cabildo
2962:Tripoli
2901:Mariana
2848:Charcas
2824:(Peru,
2808:Ecuador
2771:Bonaire
2766:Curazao
2751:Jamaica
2679:Florida
1539:Lepanto
1488:Lepanto
1414:Messina
1396:, Spain
1276:Brabant
1268:Granada
1257:Austria
1237:Castile
1110:Messina
1079:in the
1077:Lepanto
1070:Messina
1054:Tuscany
1022:Nicosia
999:Algiers
929:Caniles
844:Melilla
656:codicil
638:burgher
611:and as
593:codicil
587:son of
577:Spanish
244:, Spain
228:Belgium
218:, near
178:Monarch
120:Monarch
4639:Castas
4397:BoyacĂĄ
4372:Guiana
4362:Iguape
4286:Recife
4224:Mactan
4219:Annual
4184:Rocroi
4179:Leiden
4164:Djerba
4098:Bailén
4053:Ostend
4038:Azores
3633:LegiĂłn
3598:Tercio
3591:Armies
3493:Escudo
3422:PanamĂĄ
3417:Mexico
3412:Manila
3367:BogotĂĄ
3152:Vecino
3147:Syndic
2978:BĂ©jaĂŻa
2938:Africa
2924:Tidore
2812:Panama
2776:Belize
2683:Mexico
2609:Sicily
2605:Naples
2567:Europe
2136:(1928)
2084:(2006)
2024:
1986:
1873:
1842:
1813:
1780:
1755:
1725:
1700:
1591:
1380:Legacy
1341:Butera
1311:Abbess
1282:, and
1249:Sicily
1245:Aragon
1133:, the
995:Sicily
983:Cyprus
975:Venice
933:Terque
914:Galera
910:GĂŒĂ©jar
903:Guadix
817:galley
757:ducats
683:regent
569:German
286:Mother
276:Father
235:Burial
4534:Chile
4502:Petén
4477:Aztec
4296:Bahia
4271:Penco
4261:Cusco
4189:Downs
4169:Tunis
4088:Ceuta
4073:Breda
4023:Malta
4003:Tunis
3998:Pavia
3512:Trade
3427:Quito
3392:Cusco
3231:Chile
2966:Tunis
2913:Palau
2830:Chile
2761:Aruba
2756:Haiti
2690:]
2619:Milan
2577:Spain
2270:1575
2253:Vicar
1632:(PDF)
1509:, by
1284:Tyrol
1206:Death
1062:Parma
1058:Savoy
987:Tunis
977:in a
925:SerĂłn
798:Malta
265:House
251:Issue
220:Namur
216:Bouge
131:Vicar
4539:Inca
4482:Maya
4417:Guam
4350:Lost
4122:Lost
4043:Mons
3483:Real
3407:Lima
3294:Cuba
3236:Cuba
3208:PerĂș
2984:and
2982:Ifni
2974:Oran
2897:Guam
2826:Acre
2822:Peru
2732:Cuba
2611:and
2050:2022
2022:ISBN
1984:ISBN
1871:ISBN
1840:ISBN
1811:ISBN
1778:ISBN
1753:ISBN
1723:ISBN
1698:ISBN
1589:ISBN
1259:and
1241:LeĂłn
1239:and
1178:1616
1162:The
1060:and
965:The
842:and
840:Oran
781:and
681:and
619:Life
374:Rank
206:Died
190:Born
153:1575
4244:Won
3971:Won
3079:Law
2976:,
2696:),
2677:),
2255:of
1475:by
1465:by
1455:by
1313:of
1108:in
725:by
601:Don
133:of
4692::
2980:,
2972:,
2968:,
2964:,
2960:,
2956:,
2911:,
2907:,
2903:,
2899:,
2895:,
2858:,
2846:,
2842:,
2828:,
2814:,
2810:,
2806:,
2738:,
2734:,
2688:es
2681:,
2607:,
2344:,
2268:c.
2264:)
2197:.
2118:.
2069:,
1854:^
1737:^
1657:^
1603:^
1408:A
1290:.
1278:,
1274:,
1270:,
1263:.
1202:.
1174:,
1040:,
939:.
846:.
789:.
615:.
579::
575:,
571::
222:,
198:,
151:c.
2988:)
2915:)
2891:(
2879:)
2862:)
2838:(
2832:)
2802:(
2742:)
2730:(
2700:)
2665:(
2615:)
2307:e
2300:t
2293:v
2260:(
2052:.
2030:.
1992:.
1955:.
1940:.
1925:.
1906:.
1891:.
1848:.
1786:.
1761:.
1731:.
1706:.
1652:.
1597:.
1044:)
562:(
230:)
142:)
138:(
41:.
34:.
20:)
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