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294:("Stationmaster Death"), which became a surprise success, and from that point Sirk was (in his own words) "lost to the theatre". In addition to the theatre, Sirk worked in many areas of the arts during this formative period - he painted, took a summer job as a set-designer at a Berlin film studio, published his own German translation of Shakespeare's sonnets, translated some of Shakespeare's plays, and published writings of his own.
225:. While those films were initially panned by critics as sentimental women's pictures, they are today widely regarded by film directors, critics, and scholars as masterpieces. His work is seen as a "critique of the bourgeoisie in general and of 1950s America in particular", while painting a "compassionate portrait of characters trapped by social conditions". Beyond the surface of the film, Sirk worked with complex
314:, the season was disrupted when the theatre's main financier and manager gave up and vanished overnight, forcing the cast and crew to form a collective to keep the theatre going, and the program soon changed to comedies and melodramas - "things that made money". Although Sirk later recalled the period as "a pretty terrible time", it was here that he learned his craft, and how to handle actors in "the
278:- Sirk was a select member of Panofsky's seminar group for a semester and wrote a large essay for him on the relationship between Medieval German painting and the mystery plays; in his 1971 interview with Halliday, Sirk declared, "I owe Panofsky a lot." To support himself while studying, Sirk began working as a second-line
596:
Analyses of Sirk's work, with their emphases on aspects of Sirk's formerly-criticized style, revealed an oblique criticism of
American society hidden beneath a banal facade of plotting conventional for the era - Sirk's films were now seen as masterpieces of irony. The criticism of the 1970s and early
531:
Sirk's melodramas of the 1950s, while highly commercially successful, were generally very poorly received by reviewers. His films were considered unimportant (because they revolve around female and domestic issues), banal (because of their focus on larger-than-life feelings) and unrealistic (because
612:
Sirk's reputation was also helped by a widespread nostalgia for old-fashioned
Hollywood films in the 1970s. His work is now widely considered to show excellent control of visuals, extending from lighting and framing to costumes and sets that are saturated with symbolism and shot through with subtle
425:
Sirk left
Germany in 1937 because of his political leanings and his Jewish (second) wife, actress Hilde Jary. Still in Europe he worked on films in Switzerland and the Netherlands. On arrival in the United States, he soon changed his German birth name to Douglas Sirk. By 1942, he was under contract
246:
Sirk was born Hans Detlef Sierck on 26 April 1897, in
Hamburg, of Danish parentage; his father was a newspaper reporter. He spent a few years in Denmark as a child, before his parents returned to Germany and became citizens. Sirk discovered the theatre in his mid-teens, particularly Shakespeare's
322:
in
Germany, and Sirk remembered that after distributing money to the company, they would have to run to the bank with their takings just before midday, because at 12 pm the banks would close their shutters and post the new dollar rate - "... if you got in too late, you had just a small
573:, although Sirk failed to qualify for Sarris' controversial "pantheon" of great directors. From around 1970 there was a burgeoning interest among academic film scholars for Sirk's work - especially his American melodramas. The seminal work in this field was
592:
Film
Society programmed a complete retrospective of the director's American films, and invited Sirk to attend, but on the way to the airport, for the flight to New York, Sirk suffered a haemorrhage that seriously impaired the vision in his left eye.
297:
Schauspielhaus manager Dr Paul Eger offered Sirk a pay raise and the chance to present "one of those crazy modern plays" but Sirk declared that he only wanted to direct "the classics" and took up an offer to become first director at a playhouse in
597:
1980s was dominated by an ideological take on Sirk's work, gradually changing from
Marxist-inspired visions in the early 1970s, to a focus on gender and sexuality in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Film critic
581:(1971) which presented Sirk as "... a sophisticated intellectual, a filmmaker who arrived in Hollywood with a very clear vision, leaving behind him an established career in German theatre and film".
247:
history plays, and also began to frequent the cinema, where he first encountered what he later described as "dramas of swollen emotions"; one of his early screen favourites was Danish-born actress
510:'s boyfriend by her daughter), Sirk left the United States and retired from filmmaking. He died in Lugano, Switzerland, nearly 30 years later, with only a brief return behind the camera in
1390:
565:("The Blind Man and the Mirror or The Impossible Cinema of Douglas Sirk"), and a "biofilmographie" compiled by Patrick Brion and Dominique Rabourdin. Leading American critic
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540:
Attitudes toward Sirk's films changed drastically in the late 1950s, 1960s and 1970s as his work was re-examined by French, American, and
British critics. As
453:
Sirk briefly returned to
Germany after the war ended, but returned to the U.S. and established his reputation with a series of lush, colorful melodramas for
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By the 1930s Sirk had become one of
Germany's leading stage directors, with a list of credits that included a production of Brecht's
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548:(1958), "...I am going to write a madly enthusiastic review of Douglas Sirk's latest film, simply because it set my cheeks afire."
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354:
on 22 May 1944 near Novoaleksandrovka, Kirovograd Oblast, Ukrainian SSR, USSR (now Novooleksandrivka, Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine).
259:. Between stints at university, he began writing for his father's newspaper, not long before his father became a school principal.
302:
in Saxony. The post proved to be a baptism of fire for the new director - although the company started out with classic works by
1923:
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Several major revival seasons of Sirk's films followed over the next few years, including a 20-film retrospective at the 1972
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of their conspicuous and distinctive style). Their often melodramatic manner was viewed by critics as being in bad taste.
2006:
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270:, where he switched to philosophy and the history of art. It was here that he attended a lecture on relativity given by
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609:'s masterpieces, because Bergman's themes are visible and underlined, while with Sirk the style conceals the message."
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692:, when character Vincent Vega, at a '50s-themed restaurant, orders the "Douglas Sirk steak" cooked "bloody as hell".
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as a stage and screen director, but he left for Hollywood in 1937 after his Jewish wife was persecuted by the Nazis.
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in Hamburg. In 1922, substituting for a director who had fallen sick, Sirk directed his first production, the
1971:
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1365:"TSPDT-Andrew Sarris: Director Categories from "The American Cinema: Directors and Directions 1929-1968""
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of the 1950s. However, he also directed comedies, westerns, and war films. Sirk started his career in
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bar him from seeing their son, who became one of the leading child actors of Nazi Germany, known for
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367:(Universum Film AG) studios in 1934, where he directed three shorts, followed by his first feature,
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1999:
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710: : "Growing up in Mexico as a kid, I was a big admirer of foreign film. Foreign film, like
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700:, the villain's sport car is named "Sierck". Sirk was also one of the directors mentioned by
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181:; 26 April 1897 – 14 January 1987) was a German film director best known for his work in
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The major critical reappraisal of Sirk began in France with the April 1967 issue of
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The Criterion Channel's February 2022 Lineup|The Current|The Criterion Collection
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In the 1950s, he achieved his greatest commercial success with film melodramas
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1391:":: rogerebert.com :: Great Movies :: Written on the Wind (xhtml)"
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was a conscious attempt to replicate a typical Sirk melodrama—in particular
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588:(which Sirk attended), which also generated a book of essays. In 1974 the
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1195:"Douglas Sirk | Biography, Movies, Melodramas, & Facts | Britannica"
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recalls the cinematography of Sirk's films of the 1950s, while Haynes'
415:
373:(1935), which was filmed in both German and Dutch versions. His exotic
311:
1418:
Melodrama and Meaning: history, culture, and the films of Douglas Sirk
326:
With his first wife the actress Lydia Brincken Sirk fathered one son,
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2015:
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was, according to Waters, informed by Sirk's Universal melodramas.
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in 1959 (partially fueled by the scandal surrounding the murder of
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strained circumstances". This was during the period of runaway
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1325:
Claus Detlev Sierck gefallen. Film-Kurier, No. 45, 6 June 1944
686:. Tarantino paid homage to Sirk and his melodramatic style in
668:
More specifically, Almodóvar's vibrant use of color in 1988's
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877:
605:
probably takes more sophistication to understand than one of
1984:
1301:"Revisiting Douglas Sirk's A Time to Love and a Time to Die"
621:
Sirk's films have been quoted in films by directors such as
2546:
2080:
1613:"The Films of Douglas Sirk: The Epistemologist of Despair"
1453:
DVD of the Week: Ali: Fear Eats the Soul|The New Yorker
1431:
Movie of the Week: "Written on the Wind"|The New Yorker
571:
The American Cinema: Directors and Directions 1929–1968
1442:
DVD of the Week: All That Heaven Allows|The New Yorker
1340:
Godard on Godard: Critical Writings by Jean-Luc Godard
388:
made a star of the Nazi cinema out of Swedish singer
274:. A major influence in this period was art historian
1504:#BornThisDay: Filmmaker, Douglas Sirk-The WOW Report
704:
in his Oscar acceptance speech for Best Picture for
557:, which included an extended interview with Sirk by
3983:
A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte
1274:
1272:
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714:, William Wyler, or Douglas Sirk, or Frank Capra."
241:
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1245:. London: Cassell Illustrated. pp. 92–93.
1230:Douglas Sirk Melodramas - The Criterion Channel
811:(1936) co-director (French language version of
1134:(1979) co-director with group of film students
1128:(1977) co-director with group of film students
1122:(1975) co-director with group of film students
2000:
1639:
696:alluded to Sirk as well; in his silent film,
330:(1925–1944), born on 30 March 1925 in Berlin-
262:Sirk continued his studies for a time at the
4922:
4911:
2105:
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1420:. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
323:percentage left of what you had earned ..."
2176:
2007:
1993:
1646:
1632:
1353:Tom Ryan, "Douglas Sirk", Senses of Cinema
1219:Sirk, Hollywood and Genre·Senses of Cinema
561:and Jean-Louis Noames, an appreciation by
514:in the 1970s, teaching at the film school
121: 1929–1934)
29:
1515:Polyester (1981)|The Criterion Collection
1240:
1165:(1956, uncredited supervisor of reshoots)
1157:(1946, uncredited supervisor of reshoots)
671:Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown
526:
352:Panzer-Grenadier-Division Großdeutschland
1298:
521:
399:
160:
5281:German expatriates in the United States
1463:
1457:
1415:
1114:The Christian Brothers at Mont La Salle
430:and directing the stridently anti-Nazi
251:. In 1919, he enrolled to study law at
5248:
1572:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1334:
4848:Six Characters in Search of an Author
1988:
1627:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1288:
616:
601:has said, "To appreciate a film like
395:
350:(1941). He died as a soldier of the
1493:wins Best Picture-Oscars on YouTube
1241:Schneider, Steven Jay, ed. (2007).
13:
4043:Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2
1584:
1285:
767:(1936) (Dutch language version of
535:
14:
5307:
5286:German expatriates in Switzerland
1597:
516:Hochschule für Fernsehen und Film
5230:
5229:
1964:A Time to Love and a Time to Die
1299:Schiebel, Will (30 April 2017).
1070:A Time to Love and a Time to Die
748:
546:A Time to Love and a Time to Die
502:Despite the enormous success of
490:A Time to Love and a Time to Die
455:Universal-International Pictures
242:Early life and career in Germany
236:
216:A Time to Love and a Time to Die
16:German film director (1897–1987)
5276:German people of Danish descent
5266:English-language film directors
1530:
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1278:Jon Halliday and Douglas Sirk,
138:
118:
4997:Grosvenor School of Modern Art
4990:Fourth dimension in literature
1464:Silberg, Jon (December 2002).
1328:
1319:
1234:
1223:
1212:
1187:
1176:
1085:
743:
569:praised Sirk in his 1968 book
444:, for whom Sirk also directed
404:Sirk and actors on the set of
1:
2014:
1676:The Girl from the Marsh Croft
1169:
1138:
778:The Girl from the Marsh Croft
233:to underline his statements.
5291:University of Hamburg alumni
1619:Sirk/Anti-Sirk-MUBI on Vimeo
440:, the legendary producer of
7:
5271:Film directors from Hamburg
5090:List of avant-garde artists
4067:The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
1120:Sprich zu mir wie der Regen
10:
5312:
4948:Classical Hollywood cinema
1342:. New York: Da Capo Press.
577:'s book-length interview,
5296:University of Jena alumni
5211:
4889:
4730:
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4438:
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4176:
4019:Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
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2022:
1662:
1591:Douglas Sirk Bibliography
1416:Klinger, Barbara (1994).
1307:. Oxford University Press
1282:(Faber & Faber, 2011)
729:
590:University of Connecticut
149:
100:
92:
69:
40:
28:
21:
2804:The Master and Margarita
1852:Has Anybody Seen My Gal?
1470:American Cinematographer
958:Has Anybody Seen My Gal?
623:Rainer Werner Fassbinder
284:Deutsches Schauspielhaus
257:Bavarian Soviet Republic
5097:List of modernist poets
4983:Fourth dimension in art
4159:Meshes of the Afternoon
1924:There's Always Tomorrow
1466:"A Scandal in Suburbia"
1149:(1937, co-screenwriter)
1102:Der eingebildete Kranke
1030:There's Always Tomorrow
628:Ali: Fear Eats the Soul
544:wrote in his review of
410:(1955). Left to right:
344:Streit um den Knaben Jo
266:before transferring to
5181:Second Viennese School
4923:
4912:
2816:The Sound and the Fury
2720:In Search of Lost Time
2177:
2106:
2095:
2049:
2038:
1916:All That Heaven Allows
1526:Poleyester (1981)-MUBI
1146:Darling of the Sailors
1022:All That Heaven Allows
809:La Chanson du souvenir
683:All That Heaven Allows
634:All That Heaven Allows
527:Contemporary reception
466:All That Heaven Allows
422:
407:All That Heaven Allows
204:All That Heaven Allows
171:
5160:Reactionary modernism
5083:List of art movements
1892:Magnificent Obsession
1844:No Room for the Groom
998:Magnificent Obsession
950:No Room for the Groom
522:Reputation and legacy
460:Magnificent Obsession
403:
198:Magnificent Obsession
164:
5004:Hanshinkan Modernism
4860:The Threepenny Opera
4776:Pelléas et Mélisande
1956:The Tarnished Angels
1884:Taza, Son of Cochise
1836:Week-End with Father
1132:Bourbon Street Blues
1062:The Tarnished Angels
990:Taza, Son of Cochise
942:Week-End with Father
484:The Tarnished Angels
360:The Threepenny Opera
348:Kopf hoch, Johannes!
165:Poster for the film
5062:International Style
4812:Afternoon of a Faun
4091:Battleship Potemkin
3995:Mont Sainte-Victoir
1932:Written on the Wind
1860:Meet Me at the Fair
1820:Thunder on the Hill
1243:501 Movie Directors
1038:Written on the Wind
966:Meet Me at the Fair
926:Thunder on the Hill
841:(1938) (uncredited)
737:Bavarian Film Award
722:(1981) directed by
631:is partly based on
603:Written on the Wind
472:Written on the Wind
457:from 1952 to 1959:
328:Klaus Detlef Sierck
210:Written on the Wind
168:Written on the Wind
154:Klaus Detlef Sierck
4941:Buddhist modernism
4898:American modernism
4824:The Rite of Spring
2792:The Sun Also Rises
2768:The Magic Mountain
1764:A Scandal in Paris
1684:Pillars of Society
1654:Films directed by
1491:The Shape of Water
1199:www.britannica.com
870:A Scandal in Paris
786:Pillars of Society
707:The Shape of Water
702:Guillermo del Toro
617:In popular culture
586:Edinburgh Festival
563:Jean-Louis Comolli
423:
396:Career in the U.S.
268:Hamburg University
264:University of Jena
179:Hans Detlef Sierck
172:
45:Hans Detlef Sierck
5241:
5240:
4969:Experimental film
4885:
4884:
4872:Waiting for Godot
4172:
4171:
2829:
2828:
2732:The Metamorphosis
1982:
1981:
1972:Imitation of Life
1908:Captain Lightfoot
1900:Sign of the Pagan
1828:The Lady Pays Off
1804:Mystery Submarine
1708:The Court Concert
1593:(via UC Berkeley)
1554:on 19 August 2008
1162:Never Say Goodbye
1154:The Strange Woman
1078:Imitation of Life
1014:Captain Lightfoot
1006:Sign of the Pagan
934:The Lady Pays Off
910:Mystery Submarine
813:The Court Concert
802:The Court Concert
639:Quentin Tarantino
554:Cahiers du cinéma
504:Imitation of Life
496:Imitation of Life
428:Columbia Pictures
340:Die Saat geht auf
253:Munich University
222:Imitation of Life
159:
158:
93:Years active
5303:
5233:
5232:
5204:
5202:Vulgar modernism
5197:
5195:Underground film
5190:
5183:
5176:
5169:
5162:
5155:
5148:
5141:
5134:
5127:
5120:
5113:
5106:
5099:
5092:
5085:
5078:
5071:
5064:
5057:
5048:
5041:
5034:
5027:
5020:
5018:Hippie modernism
5013:
5006:
4999:
4992:
4985:
4978:
4971:
4964:
4957:
4950:
4943:
4936:
4934:Bloomsbury Group
4929:
4928:
4918:
4917:
4907:
4900:
4878:
4877:
4866:
4865:
4854:
4853:
4842:
4841:
4830:
4829:
4818:
4817:
4806:
4805:
4794:
4793:
4782:
4781:
4770:
4769:
4758:
4757:
4746:
4745:
4723:
4716:
4709:
4702:
4695:
4688:
4681:
4674:
4667:
4660:
4653:
4646:
4639:
4632:
4625:
4618:
4611:
4591:
4584:
4577:
4570:
4563:
4556:
4549:
4542:
4535:
4528:
4521:
4514:
4507:
4500:
4493:
4486:
4479:
4472:
4465:
4458:
4451:
4431:
4424:
4417:
4410:
4403:
4396:
4389:
4382:
4375:
4368:
4361:
4354:
4347:
4340:
4333:
4326:
4319:
4312:
4305:
4298:
4291:
4284:
4277:
4270:
4263:
4256:
4249:
4242:
4235:
4228:
4221:
4214:
4207:
4200:
4185:
4184:
4165:
4164:
4153:
4152:
4141:
4140:
4131:
4130:
4121:
4120:
4115:Un Chien Andalou
4109:
4108:
4097:
4096:
4085:
4084:
4079:Ballet Mécanique
4073:
4072:
4061:
4060:
4049:
4048:
4037:
4036:
4025:
4024:
4013:
4012:
4007:The Starry Night
4001:
4000:
3989:
3988:
3966:
3959:
3952:
3945:
3938:
3931:
3924:
3917:
3910:
3903:
3896:
3889:
3882:
3875:
3868:
3861:
3854:
3847:
3840:
3833:
3826:
3819:
3812:
3792:
3785:
3778:
3771:
3764:
3757:
3750:
3743:
3736:
3729:
3722:
3715:
3708:
3701:
3694:
3687:
3680:
3673:
3666:
3659:
3652:
3645:
3638:
3631:
3624:
3617:
3610:
3603:
3596:
3589:
3582:
3575:
3568:
3561:
3554:
3547:
3540:
3533:
3526:
3519:
3512:
3505:
3498:
3491:
3484:
3477:
3470:
3463:
3456:
3449:
3442:
3435:
3428:
3421:
3414:
3407:
3400:
3393:
3386:
3379:
3372:
3352:
3345:
3338:
3336:Toulouse-Lautrec
3331:
3324:
3317:
3310:
3303:
3296:
3289:
3282:
3275:
3268:
3261:
3254:
3247:
3240:
3233:
3226:
3219:
3212:
3205:
3198:
3191:
3184:
3177:
3170:
3163:
3156:
3149:
3142:
3135:
3128:
3121:
3114:
3107:
3100:
3093:
3086:
3079:
3072:
3065:
3058:
3051:
3044:
3037:
3030:
3023:
3016:
3009:
3002:
2995:
2988:
2981:
2974:
2967:
2960:
2953:
2946:
2939:
2932:
2925:
2918:
2911:
2904:
2897:
2890:
2883:
2876:
2869:
2862:
2855:
2840:
2839:
2822:
2821:
2810:
2809:
2798:
2797:
2786:
2785:
2774:
2773:
2762:
2761:
2750:
2749:
2738:
2737:
2726:
2725:
2703:
2696:
2689:
2682:
2675:
2668:
2661:
2654:
2647:
2640:
2633:
2626:
2619:
2612:
2605:
2598:
2591:
2584:
2577:
2570:
2563:
2556:
2549:
2542:
2535:
2528:
2521:
2514:
2507:
2487:
2480:
2473:
2466:
2459:
2452:
2445:
2438:
2431:
2424:
2417:
2410:
2403:
2396:
2389:
2382:
2375:
2368:
2361:
2354:
2347:
2340:
2333:
2326:
2319:
2312:
2305:
2298:
2291:
2284:
2277:
2270:
2263:
2256:
2249:
2234:
2233:
2220:
2213:
2206:
2199:
2192:
2183:
2182:
2172:
2165:
2158:
2151:
2142:
2135:
2128:
2119:
2112:
2111:
2101:
2100:
2097:Der Blaue Reiter
2090:
2083:
2076:
2069:
2062:
2055:
2054:
2044:
2043:
2033:
2009:
2002:
1995:
1986:
1985:
1812:The First Legion
1692:'t Was één April
1648:
1641:
1634:
1625:
1624:
1615:, by Fred Camper
1578:
1577:
1571:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1553:
1547:. Archived from
1542:
1534:
1528:
1523:
1517:
1512:
1506:
1501:
1495:
1487:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1461:
1455:
1450:
1444:
1439:
1433:
1428:
1422:
1421:
1413:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1397:on 12 March 2013
1393:. Archived from
1387:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1367:. Archived from
1361:
1355:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1336:Godard, Jean-Luc
1332:
1326:
1323:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1296:
1283:
1276:
1265:
1264:
1238:
1232:
1227:
1221:
1216:
1210:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1191:
1185:
1180:
918:The First Legion
764:'t Was één April
739:, Honorary Award
613:barbs of irony.
438:Seymour Nebenzal
288:Hermann Bossdorf
142:
140:
122:
120:
76:
54:
52:
33:
19:
18:
5311:
5310:
5306:
5305:
5304:
5302:
5301:
5300:
5246:
5245:
5242:
5237:
5228:
5220:
5207:
5200:
5193:
5188:Structural film
5186:
5179:
5172:
5165:
5158:
5151:
5144:
5139:New Objectivity
5137:
5130:
5125:Neo-romanticism
5123:
5118:Neo-primitivism
5116:
5109:
5102:
5095:
5088:
5081:
5074:
5067:
5060:
5053:
5044:
5037:
5030:
5023:
5016:
5009:
5002:
4995:
4988:
4981:
4974:
4967:
4960:
4953:
4946:
4939:
4932:
4921:
4910:
4903:
4896:
4881:
4875:
4869:
4863:
4857:
4851:
4845:
4839:
4833:
4827:
4821:
4815:
4809:
4803:
4797:
4791:
4785:
4779:
4773:
4767:
4764:Verklärte Nacht
4761:
4755:
4749:
4743:
4737:
4726:
4719:
4712:
4705:
4698:
4691:
4684:
4677:
4670:
4663:
4656:
4649:
4642:
4635:
4628:
4621:
4614:
4607:
4594:
4587:
4580:
4573:
4566:
4559:
4552:
4545:
4538:
4531:
4524:
4517:
4510:
4503:
4496:
4489:
4482:
4475:
4468:
4461:
4454:
4447:
4434:
4427:
4420:
4413:
4406:
4399:
4392:
4385:
4378:
4371:
4364:
4357:
4350:
4343:
4336:
4329:
4322:
4315:
4308:
4301:
4294:
4287:
4280:
4273:
4266:
4259:
4252:
4245:
4238:
4231:
4224:
4217:
4210:
4203:
4196:
4179:
4168:
4162:
4156:
4150:
4144:
4138:
4134:
4128:
4124:
4118:
4112:
4106:
4100:
4094:
4088:
4082:
4076:
4070:
4064:
4058:
4052:
4046:
4040:
4034:
4028:
4022:
4016:
4010:
4004:
3998:
3992:
3986:
3980:
3969:
3962:
3955:
3948:
3941:
3934:
3927:
3920:
3913:
3906:
3899:
3892:
3885:
3878:
3871:
3864:
3857:
3850:
3843:
3836:
3829:
3822:
3815:
3808:
3795:
3788:
3781:
3774:
3767:
3760:
3753:
3746:
3739:
3732:
3725:
3718:
3711:
3704:
3697:
3690:
3683:
3676:
3669:
3662:
3655:
3648:
3641:
3634:
3627:
3620:
3613:
3606:
3599:
3592:
3585:
3578:
3571:
3564:
3557:
3550:
3543:
3536:
3529:
3522:
3515:
3508:
3501:
3494:
3487:
3480:
3473:
3466:
3459:
3452:
3445:
3438:
3431:
3424:
3417:
3410:
3403:
3396:
3389:
3382:
3375:
3368:
3355:
3348:
3341:
3334:
3327:
3320:
3313:
3306:
3299:
3292:
3285:
3278:
3271:
3264:
3257:
3250:
3243:
3236:
3229:
3222:
3215:
3208:
3201:
3194:
3187:
3180:
3173:
3166:
3159:
3152:
3145:
3138:
3131:
3124:
3117:
3110:
3103:
3096:
3089:
3082:
3075:
3068:
3061:
3054:
3047:
3040:
3033:
3026:
3019:
3012:
3005:
2998:
2991:
2984:
2977:
2970:
2963:
2956:
2949:
2942:
2935:
2928:
2921:
2914:
2907:
2900:
2893:
2886:
2879:
2872:
2865:
2858:
2851:
2825:
2819:
2813:
2807:
2801:
2795:
2789:
2783:
2777:
2771:
2765:
2759:
2753:
2747:
2741:
2735:
2729:
2723:
2717:
2706:
2699:
2692:
2685:
2678:
2671:
2664:
2657:
2650:
2643:
2636:
2629:
2622:
2615:
2610:Lowell (Robert)
2608:
2601:
2594:
2587:
2580:
2573:
2566:
2559:
2552:
2545:
2538:
2531:
2524:
2517:
2510:
2503:
2490:
2483:
2476:
2469:
2462:
2455:
2448:
2441:
2434:
2427:
2420:
2413:
2406:
2399:
2392:
2385:
2378:
2371:
2364:
2357:
2350:
2343:
2336:
2329:
2322:
2315:
2308:
2301:
2294:
2287:
2280:
2273:
2266:
2259:
2252:
2245:
2223:
2216:
2209:
2202:
2195:
2188:
2175:
2168:
2161:
2154:
2147:
2138:
2131:
2124:
2115:
2104:
2093:
2086:
2079:
2072:
2065:
2058:
2047:
2036:
2029:
2018:
2013:
1983:
1978:
1868:Take Me to Town
1796:Slightly French
1748:Hitler's Madman
1658:
1652:
1600:
1587:
1585:Further reading
1582:
1581:
1565:
1564:
1557:
1555:
1551:
1540:
1538:"Archived copy"
1536:
1535:
1531:
1524:
1520:
1513:
1509:
1502:
1498:
1488:
1484:
1474:
1472:
1462:
1458:
1451:
1447:
1440:
1436:
1429:
1425:
1414:
1410:
1400:
1398:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1374:
1372:
1371:on 31 July 2021
1363:
1362:
1358:
1351:
1347:
1333:
1329:
1324:
1320:
1310:
1308:
1297:
1286:
1277:
1268:
1253:
1239:
1235:
1228:
1224:
1217:
1213:
1203:
1201:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1181:
1177:
1172:
1141:
1088:
974:Take Me to Town
902:Slightly French
854:Hitler's Madman
751:
746:
732:
677:Far from Heaven
647:Pedro Almodóvar
619:
542:Jean-Luc Godard
538:
536:Later reception
529:
524:
433:Hitler's Madman
420:Agnes Moorehead
398:
292:Bahnmeister Tod
272:Albert Einstein
244:
239:
145:
144:
141: 1934)
136:
132:
124:
116:
112:
88:
78:
74:
73:14 January 1987
65:
56:
50:
48:
47:
46:
36:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5309:
5299:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5263:
5258:
5239:
5238:
5221:
5213:
5212:
5209:
5208:
5206:
5205:
5198:
5191:
5184:
5177:
5170:
5163:
5156:
5149:
5146:Poetic realism
5142:
5135:
5128:
5121:
5114:
5107:
5100:
5093:
5086:
5079:
5076:Late modernity
5072:
5069:Late modernism
5065:
5058:
5051:
5050:
5049:
5042:
5035:
5021:
5014:
5011:High modernism
5007:
5000:
4993:
4986:
4979:
4972:
4965:
4958:
4955:Degenerate art
4951:
4944:
4937:
4930:
4925:Ballets Russes
4919:
4908:
4901:
4893:
4891:
4887:
4886:
4883:
4882:
4880:
4879:
4867:
4855:
4843:
4831:
4819:
4807:
4795:
4783:
4771:
4759:
4747:
4734:
4732:
4728:
4727:
4725:
4724:
4717:
4710:
4703:
4696:
4689:
4682:
4675:
4668:
4661:
4654:
4647:
4640:
4633:
4626:
4619:
4612:
4604:
4602:
4596:
4595:
4593:
4592:
4585:
4578:
4571:
4564:
4557:
4550:
4543:
4536:
4529:
4522:
4515:
4508:
4501:
4494:
4487:
4480:
4473:
4466:
4459:
4452:
4444:
4442:
4436:
4435:
4433:
4432:
4425:
4418:
4411:
4404:
4397:
4390:
4383:
4376:
4369:
4362:
4355:
4348:
4341:
4334:
4327:
4320:
4313:
4306:
4299:
4292:
4285:
4278:
4271:
4264:
4257:
4250:
4243:
4236:
4229:
4222:
4215:
4208:
4201:
4193:
4191:
4182:
4174:
4173:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4166:
4154:
4142:
4132:
4122:
4110:
4098:
4086:
4074:
4062:
4050:
4038:
4026:
4014:
4002:
3990:
3977:
3975:
3971:
3970:
3968:
3967:
3960:
3953:
3946:
3939:
3932:
3925:
3918:
3911:
3904:
3897:
3890:
3883:
3876:
3869:
3862:
3855:
3848:
3841:
3834:
3827:
3820:
3813:
3805:
3803:
3797:
3796:
3794:
3793:
3786:
3779:
3772:
3765:
3758:
3751:
3744:
3737:
3730:
3723:
3716:
3709:
3702:
3695:
3688:
3681:
3674:
3671:Ray (Satyajit)
3667:
3664:Ray (Nicholas)
3660:
3653:
3646:
3639:
3632:
3625:
3618:
3611:
3604:
3597:
3590:
3583:
3576:
3569:
3562:
3555:
3548:
3541:
3534:
3527:
3520:
3513:
3506:
3499:
3492:
3485:
3478:
3471:
3464:
3457:
3450:
3443:
3436:
3429:
3422:
3415:
3408:
3401:
3394:
3387:
3380:
3373:
3365:
3363:
3357:
3356:
3354:
3353:
3346:
3339:
3332:
3325:
3318:
3311:
3304:
3297:
3290:
3283:
3276:
3269:
3262:
3255:
3248:
3241:
3234:
3227:
3220:
3213:
3206:
3199:
3192:
3185:
3178:
3171:
3164:
3157:
3150:
3143:
3136:
3129:
3122:
3115:
3108:
3101:
3094:
3087:
3080:
3073:
3066:
3059:
3052:
3045:
3038:
3031:
3024:
3017:
3010:
3003:
2996:
2989:
2982:
2975:
2968:
2961:
2954:
2947:
2940:
2933:
2926:
2919:
2912:
2905:
2898:
2891:
2884:
2877:
2870:
2863:
2856:
2848:
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637:) and, later,
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1716:To New Shores
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822:To New Shores
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756:April, April!
753:
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749:Feature films
738:
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237:Life and work
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63:German Empire
60:
55:26 April 1897
43:
39:
32:
27:
20:
5243:
5222:
5215:
4962:Ecomodernism
4870:
4858:
4846:
4834:
4822:
4810:
4800:The Firebird
4798:
4786:
4774:
4762:
4750:
4738:
4157:
4147:Citizen Kane
4145:
4136:Fallingwater
4126:Villa Savoye
4113:
4101:
4089:
4077:
4065:
4055:Black Square
4053:
4041:
4029:
4017:
4005:
3993:
3981:
3873:Le Corbusier
3801:Architecture
3705:
2814:
2802:
2790:
2780:Mrs Dalloway
2778:
2766:
2754:
2742:
2730:
2718:
2603:Lowell (Amy)
1970:
1962:
1954:
1946:
1938:
1930:
1922:
1914:
1906:
1898:
1890:
1882:
1876:All I Desire
1874:
1866:
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1850:
1842:
1834:
1826:
1818:
1810:
1802:
1794:
1786:
1778:
1770:
1762:
1756:Summer Storm
1754:
1746:
1738:
1732:Final Accord
1730:
1722:
1714:
1706:
1700:Schlußakkord
1698:
1690:
1682:
1674:
1666:
1656:Douglas Sirk
1655:
1604:Douglas Sirk
1556:. Retrieved
1549:the original
1544:
1532:
1521:
1510:
1499:
1490:
1485:
1473:. Retrieved
1469:
1459:
1448:
1437:
1426:
1417:
1411:
1399:. Retrieved
1395:the original
1385:
1373:. Retrieved
1369:the original
1359:
1348:
1339:
1330:
1321:
1309:. Retrieved
1304:
1280:Sirk on Sirk
1279:
1242:
1236:
1225:
1214:
1202:. Retrieved
1198:
1189:
1178:
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982:All I Desire
980:
972:
964:
956:
948:
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932:
924:
916:
908:
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884:
876:
868:
862:Summer Storm
860:
852:
844:
838:Final Accord
836:
828:
820:
812:
808:
800:
794:Schlußakkord
792:
784:
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769:April, April
768:
762:
754:
717:
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705:
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689:Pulp Fiction
687:
681:
675:
669:
667:
651:Wong Kar-wai
632:
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595:
583:
579:Sirk on Sirk
578:
575:Jon Halliday
570:
552:
550:
545:
539:
530:
512:West Germany
503:
501:
494:
493:(1958), and
488:
482:
476:
470:
464:
458:
452:
447:Summer Storm
445:
431:
424:
418:, Sirk, and
405:
383:
377:
370:April, April
368:
358:
356:
347:
346:(1937) and
343:
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315:
296:
291:
279:
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249:Asta Nielsen
245:
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196:
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178:
175:Douglas Sirk
174:
173:
166:
75:(1987-01-14)
35:Sirk in 1955
23:Douglas Sirk
5261:1987 deaths
5256:1897 births
5217:Romanticism
5174:Remodernism
5055:Incoherents
4914:Avant-garde
4905:Armory Show
4512:Maeterlinck
4415:Villa-Lobos
4401:Szymanowski
4380:Stockhausen
4317:Lutosławski
4035:(1909–1910)
2835:Visual arts
2808:(1928–1940)
2724:(1913–1927)
2247:Apollinaire
2211:Synchromism
2051:Art Nouveau
1940:Battle Hymn
1724:La Habanera
1475:13 February
1096:Zwei Genies
1086:Short films
1046:Battle Hymn
830:La Habanera
744:Filmography
659:John Waters
655:David Lynch
643:Todd Haynes
599:Roger Ebert
559:Serge Daney
518:in Munich.
508:Lana Turner
478:Battle Hymn
412:Rock Hudson
385:La Habanera
231:Technicolor
5250:Categories
5104:Maximalism
5039:Literature
4714:Wiesenthal
4616:Cunningham
4609:Balanchine
4589:Witkiewicz
4561:Strindberg
4547:Pirandello
4519:Mayakovsky
4394:Stravinsky
4366:Schoenberg
4178:Performing
4103:Metropolis
3894:Mendelsohn
3699:Rossellini
3692:Richardson
3503:Fassbinder
3489:Eisenstein
3426:Cassavetes
3182:Modigliani
3056:Goncharova
3042:Giacometti
2436:Dos Passos
2238:Literature
2197:Surrealism
2108:Die Brücke
1788:Shockproof
1558:14 January
1261:1347156402
1170:References
1139:Other work
894:Shockproof
416:Jane Wyman
375:melodramas
312:Strindberg
186:melodramas
131:Hilde Jary
51:1897-04-26
5153:Pulp noir
5111:Modernity
4976:Film noir
4700:St. Denis
4623:Diaghilev
4359:Schaeffer
4282:Hindemith
4254:Dutilleux
4226:Boulanger
4031:The Dance
3727:Tarkovsky
3720:Sternberg
3552:Hitchcock
3468:Dovzhenko
3384:Antonioni
3329:Stieglitz
3168:Metzinger
3119:Kokoschka
3098:Kandinsky
2512:Aldington
2505:Akhmatova
2422:Marinetti
2415:Mansfield
2366:Hemingway
2204:Symbolism
2023:Movements
2016:Modernism
1948:Interlude
1054:Interlude
719:Polyester
442:Nero-Film
320:inflation
280:dramaturg
229:and lush
183:Hollywood
96:1934–1979
5235:Category
4836:Fountain
4740:Don Juan
4679:Nijinsky
4575:Wedekind
4554:Piscator
4449:Anderson
4373:Scriabin
4289:Honegger
3943:Sullivan
3929:Saarinen
3922:Rietveld
3915:Niemeyer
3887:Melnikov
3817:Bunshaft
3748:Truffaut
3713:Sjöström
3657:Pudovkin
3629:Minnelli
3594:Kurosawa
3587:Kuleshov
3517:Flaherty
3343:Vuillard
3322:Steichen
3280:Rousseau
3245:Pissarro
3224:O'Keeffe
3189:Mondrian
3140:Malevich
3133:Magritte
3105:Kirchner
3049:van Gogh
3000:Doesburg
2979:Delaunay
2972:Delaunay
2895:Brâncuși
2881:Boccioni
2844:Painting
2694:Williams
2617:Mallarmé
2533:Cendrars
2443:Platonov
2401:Lawrence
2394:Koestler
2331:Flaubert
2324:Faulkner
2289:Bulgakov
2218:Tonalism
2179:De Stijl
2163:Lettrism
2149:Futurism
2040:Art Deco
1568:cite web
1338:(1986).
1311:30 April
1204:12 April
499:(1959).
487:(1957),
481:(1957),
475:(1956),
469:(1955),
463:(1954),
450:(1944).
342:(1935),
300:Chemnitz
150:Children
4890:Related
4752:Ubu Roi
4707:Tamiris
4693:Sokolow
4672:Massine
4540:Osborne
4533:O'Neill
4526:O'Casey
4484:Chekhov
4470:Beckett
4456:Anouilh
4440:Theatre
4387:Strauss
4345:Russolo
4324:Milhaud
4303:Janáček
4275:Górecki
4268:Feldman
4247:Debussy
4240:Copland
4198:Antheil
3936:Steiner
3859:Johnson
3838:Guimard
3831:Gropius
3678:Resnais
3580:Kubrick
3510:Fellini
3496:Epstein
3482:Edwards
3447:Cocteau
3433:Chaplin
3405:Bresson
3398:Bergman
3377:Aldrich
3370:Akerman
3315:Soutine
3287:Schiele
3238:Picasso
3231:Picabia
3161:Matisse
3035:Gauguin
3007:Duchamp
2965:Kooning
2944:Claudel
2937:Chirico
2930:Chagall
2923:Cézanne
2916:Cassatt
2888:Bonnard
2874:Bellows
2867:Balthus
2744:Ulysses
2666:Stevens
2659:Seferis
2478:Unamuno
2317:Forster
2296:Chekhov
2261:Beckett
2190:Orphism
2156:Imagism
2140:Bauhaus
2126:Fauvism
2031:Acmeism
1401:28 July
1375:19 June
1305:OUPblog
1108:3 x Ehe
805:(1936)
759:(1935)
625:(whose
336:legally
308:Büchner
304:Molière
282:at the
190:Germany
143:
135:
123:
115:
101:Spouses
59:Hamburg
4876:(1953)
4864:(1928)
4852:(1921)
4840:(1917)
4828:(1913)
4816:(1912)
4804:(1910)
4792:(1905)
4788:Salome
4780:(1902)
4768:(1899)
4756:(1896)
4744:(1888)
4721:Wigman
4651:Graham
4644:Fuller
4637:Fokine
4630:Duncan
4582:Wilder
4568:Toller
4505:Kaiser
4477:Brecht
4463:Artaud
4422:Webern
4408:Varèse
4338:Partch
4310:Ligeti
4233:Boulez
4205:Bartók
4163:(1943)
4151:(1941)
4139:(1936)
4129:(1931)
4119:(1929)
4107:(1927)
4095:(1925)
4083:(1923)
4071:(1920)
4059:(1915)
4047:(1912)
4023:(1907)
4011:(1889)
3999:(1887)
3987:(1886)
3964:Wright
3950:Tatlin
3908:Neutra
3810:Breuer
3776:Welles
3762:Vertov
3685:Renoir
3636:Murnau
3622:Marker
3615:Lupino
3573:Keaton
3559:Hubley
3545:Godard
3531:Fuller
3475:Dreyer
3454:Dassin
3412:Buñuel
3308:Sisley
3301:Signac
3294:Seurat
3266:Renoir
3084:Hopper
2986:Demuth
2909:Calder
2902:Braque
2853:Albers
2820:(1929)
2796:(1926)
2784:(1925)
2772:(1924)
2760:(1922)
2748:(1922)
2736:(1915)
2687:Valéry
2673:Thomas
2638:Pessoa
2582:George
2575:Elytis
2568:Éluard
2554:Desnos
2526:Cavafy
2496:Poetry
2457:Proust
2450:Porter
2352:Hamsun
2310:Döblin
2303:Conrad
2275:Breton
2254:Barnes
2074:Cubism
1975:(1959)
1967:(1958)
1959:(1958)
1951:(1957)
1943:(1957)
1935:(1956)
1927:(1956)
1919:(1955)
1911:(1955)
1903:(1954)
1895:(1954)
1887:(1954)
1879:(1953)
1871:(1953)
1863:(1953)
1855:(1952)
1847:(1952)
1839:(1951)
1831:(1951)
1823:(1951)
1815:(1951)
1807:(1950)
1799:(1949)
1791:(1949)
1783:(1948)
1775:(1947)
1767:(1946)
1759:(1944)
1751:(1943)
1743:(1939)
1740:Boefje
1735:(1938)
1727:(1937)
1719:(1937)
1711:(1936)
1703:(1936)
1695:(1936)
1687:(1935)
1679:(1935)
1671:(1935)
1259:
1249:
1116:(1941)
1110:(1935)
1104:(1935)
1098:(1934)
1081:(1959)
1073:(1958)
1065:(1957)
1057:(1957)
1049:(1957)
1041:(1956)
1033:(1956)
1025:(1955)
1017:(1955)
1009:(1954)
1001:(1954)
993:(1954)
985:(1953)
977:(1953)
969:(1953)
961:(1952)
953:(1952)
945:(1951)
937:(1951)
929:(1951)
921:(1951)
913:(1950)
905:(1949)
897:(1949)
889:(1948)
881:(1947)
873:(1946)
865:(1944)
857:(1943)
849:(1939)
846:Boefje
833:(1937)
825:(1937)
797:(1936)
789:(1935)
781:(1935)
730:Awards
724:Waters
219:, and
177:(born
85:Ticino
81:Lugano
5046:Post-
5032:Music
4731:Works
4686:Shawn
4665:Laban
4600:Dance
4498:Jarry
4491:Ibsen
4429:Weill
4352:Satie
4261:Falla
4219:Berio
4189:Music
3974:Works
3901:Nervi
3845:Horta
3824:Gaudí
3783:Wiene
3755:Varda
3741:Trnka
3650:Pabst
3608:Losey
3566:Jones
3538:Gance
3461:Deren
3440:Clair
3419:Carné
3391:Avery
3273:Rodin
3259:Redon
3217:Nolde
3210:Munch
3203:Moore
3196:Monet
3147:Manet
3126:Léger
3091:Kahlo
3070:Grosz
3028:Ernst
3021:Ensor
2958:Degas
2711:Works
2701:Yeats
2680:Tzara
2652:Rilke
2645:Pound
2624:Moore
2596:Lorca
2589:Jacob
2561:Eliot
2540:Crane
2519:Auden
2485:Woolf
2471:Svevo
2464:Stein
2429:Musil
2387:Kafka
2380:Joyce
2373:Hesse
2359:Hašek
2282:Broch
2117:Music
1772:Lured
1552:(PDF)
1541:(PDF)
878:Lured
735:1985
290:play
137:(
133:
117:(
113:
4658:Holm
4331:Nono
4296:Ives
4212:Berg
4180:arts
3957:Mies
3880:Loos
3866:Kahn
3790:Wood
3769:Vigo
3734:Tati
3706:Sirk
3601:Lang
3524:Ford
3361:Film
3350:Wood
3175:Miró
3154:Marc
3112:Klee
3077:Höch
3063:Gris
3014:Dufy
2951:Dalí
2631:Owen
2547:H.D.
2408:Mann
2345:Gide
2338:Ford
2268:Bely
2081:Dada
1608:IMDb
1574:link
1560:2022
1477:2022
1403:2007
1377:2019
1313:2017
1257:OCLC
1247:ISBN
1206:2023
712:E.T.
698:Juha
661:and
436:for
382:and
316:most
310:and
70:Died
41:Born
3643:Ozu
3252:Ray
2993:Dix
2860:Arp
1606:at
426:to
365:UFA
5252::
5214:←
1570:}}
1566:{{
1543:.
1468:.
1303:.
1287:^
1269:^
1255:.
1197:.
1094:/
665:.
657:,
653:,
649:,
645:,
641:,
414:,
392:.
306:,
213:,
207:,
201:,
139:m.
119:m.
83:,
61:,
5227:→
2008:e
2001:t
1994:v
1647:e
1640:t
1633:v
1576:)
1562:.
1479:.
1405:.
1379:.
1315:.
1263:.
1208:.
815:)
771:)
53:)
49:(
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