Dracula - Knowledge

891:; in succumbing to the vampire women, Harker assumes the traditionally feminine role of sexual passivity while the vampire women assume the masculinised role of acting. Sexual depravity and aggression were understood by the Victorians as the exclusive domain of Victorian men, while women were expected to submit to their husband's sexual wishes. Harker's desire to submit, and the scene's origin as a dream Stoker had, highlights the divide between societal expectations and lived realities of men who wanted more freedom in their sexual lives. In the British version of the text, Harker hears the three vampire women whispering at his door, and Dracula tells them they can feed on him tomorrow night. In the American version, Dracula insinuates that he will be feeding on Harker that night: "To-night is mine! To-morrow is yours!" Nina Auerbach and 1415: 1150:, he highlights that the Count "can disgorge blood from his breasts" in addition to his teeth; that he is attracted to both Jonathan Harker and Mina Murray; appears both racially western and eastern; and how he is an aristocrat able to mingle with homeless vagrants. Stoker drew extensively from folklore in crafting Count Dracula, but many of the Count's physical attributes were typical of Gothic villains during Stoker's lifetime. In particular, his hooked nose, pale complexion, large moustache and thick eyebrows were likely inspired by the villains of Gothic fiction. Likewise, Stoker's selection of Transylvania has roots in the Gothic. Writers of the mode were drawn to Eastern Europe as a setting because travelogues presented it as a land of primitive superstitions. 915:. Carol A. Senf writes that Stoker was ambivalent about the New Woman phenomenon. Of the novel's five vampires, four are women, and all are aggressive, "wildly erotic", and driven only by their thirst for blood. Mina Harker, meanwhile, serves as the antithesis of the other female characters, and plays a singularly important role in Dracula's defeat. On the other hand, Judith Wasserman argues that the fight to defeat Dracula is really a battle for control over women's bodies. Senf points out that Lucy's sexual awakening, and her reversal of gender-based sexual roles, is what Abraham Van Helsing considers a threat. 3457:, Introduction: The Myth of Dracula's Reception: "firstly, generally positive reviews that include perhaps one, sometimes two negative remarks or reservations, of which I have discerned ten examples; secondly, generally mixed reviews in which scorn and praise are relatively balanced, of which I have found four examples13; and, thirdly, wholly or mostly negative reviews, of which I managed to locate only three examples. What remains are some seventy positive reviews and responses. And, in addition still are thirty-six different laudatory press notices".) 40: 1096: 669: 1107: 373:, an insane man who eats vermin to absorb their life force. After Dracula learns of the group's plot against him, he uses Renfield to enter the asylum. He secretly attacks Mina three times, drinking her blood each time and forcing Mina to drink his blood on the final visit. She is cursed to become a vampire after her death unless Dracula is killed. As the men find Dracula's properties, they discover many earth boxes within. The vampire hunters open each of the boxes and seal wafers of 1082:

narrative unity as the narrative unfolds. In the novel's first half, each narrator has a strongly characterised narrative voice, with Lucy's showing her verbosity, Seward's businesslike formality, and Harker's excessive politeness. These narrative styles also highlight the power struggle between vampire and his hunters; the increasing prominence of Van Helsing's broken English as Dracula gathers power represents the entrance of the foreigner into Victorian society.

8784: 551:. Gothic critic and lecturer Marie Mulvey-Roberts writes that vampires were traditionally depicted as "mouldering revenants, who dragged themselves around graveyards", but—like Báthory—Dracula uses blood to restore his youth. Recent scholarship has questioned whether Báthory's crimes were exaggerated by her political opponents, with others noting that very little is concretely known about her life. A book that Stoker used for research, 6343: 474: 1497: 766: 1017:, and a "growing domestic unease" over the morality of imperial colonisation. Manifesting also in other works aside from Stoker's novel, narratives of reverse colonisation indicate a fear of the "civilised" world being invaded by the "primitive". What Dracula does to human bodies is not horrifying simply because he kills them, but because he transforms them into the 837:) with a preface written by Stoker. In the preface, Stoker writes that the events contained within the novel are true, and that "for obvious reasons" he had changed the names of places and people. Although scholars had been aware of the translation's existence since the 1980s because of Stoker's preface, none had thought to translate it back into English. 887:. The primary sexual threat posed by Count Dracula is, Christopher Craft writes, that he will "seduce, penetrate, drain another male", with Jonathan Harker's excitement about being penetrated by three vampire women serving as a mask and proxy for his homosexual desire. His excitement also inverts standard Victorian 389:, Romania, the hunters split up. Van Helsing and Mina go to Dracula's castle, where the professor destroys the vampire women. Jonathan Harker and Arthur Holmwood follow Dracula's boat on the river, while Quincey Morris and John Seward parallel them on land. After Dracula's box is finally loaded onto a wagon by 2133:

which is on Stoker's list of books that he consulted. But a careful examination of his Notes shows that while he did make a number of jottings (with page references) from this book, nothing is noted from the Bathory pages. And there is nothing in the novel that can be attributed directly to the short

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has attracted some, albeit limited, scholarly attention. Peter Arnds wrote that the Count's control over the Romani and his abduction of young children evokes real folk superstitions about Romani people stealing children, and that his ability to transform into a wolf is likewise related to xenophobic

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provides a list of Dracula's associations with antisemitic conceptions of Jewish people: his appearance, wealth, parasitic bloodlust, and "lack of allegiance" to one country. In terms of his appearance, Halberstam notes Dracula's resemblance to other fictional Jews; for example, his long, sharp nails

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has developed around the topic. Sexuality and seduction are two of the novel's most frequently discussed themes, especially as it relates to the corruption of English womanhood. Modern critical writings about vampirism widely acknowledge its link to sex and sexuality. Bram Stoker himself was possibly

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to between 1895 and 1897. Later scholarship has questioned these sets of dates. In the first extensive study of the notes, Joseph S. Bierman writes that the earliest date within them is 8 March 1890, for an outline of a chapter that "differs from the final version in only a few details". According to

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notes that many of the Count's characteristics have been adopted by artists succeeding Stoker in depicting vampires, turning those fixtures into clichés. Aside from the Count's ability to transform, McGrath specifically highlights his hatred of garlic, sunlight, and crucifixes. William Hughes writes

1467:), a Hungarian silent film which allegedly premiered in 1921, though this release date has been questioned by some scholars. Very little of the film has survived, and David J. Skal notes that the cover artist for the 1926 Hungarian edition of the novel was more influenced by the second adaptation of 1202:

that, when writing her now almost forgotten romances, she shut herself up in absolute seclusion, and fed upon raw beef, in order to give her work the desired atmosphere of gloom, tragedy and terror. If one had no assurance to the contrary, one might well suppose that a similar method and regimen had

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is narrated through a series of documents. The novel's first four chapters are related as the journals of Jonathan Harker. Scholar David Seed notes that Harker's accounts function as an attempt to translocate the "strange" events of his visit to Dracula's castle into the nineteenth-century tradition

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Dracula as Quincey stabs him in the heart. Dracula crumbles to dust, freeing Mina from her vampiric curse. Quincey is mortally wounded in the fight against the Romani. He dies from his wounds, at peace with the knowledge that Mina is saved. A note by Jonathan Harker seven years later states that the

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mixed reception stems from a low sample size. Of 91 contemporary reviews, Browning identified 10 as "generally positive"; 4 as "mixed" in their assessment; 3 as "wholly or mostly negative"; and the rest as positive and possessing no negative reservations. Among the positive reviews, Browning writes

2030:, p. 2: "If Stoker knew as much about Vlad as some scholars claim (for example, that he impaled thousands of victims), then why is this information not used in the novel? This is a crucial question, when one considers how much insignificant detail Stoker did incorporate from his many sources." 1081:

to remain inscrutable to the Count, protecting his own identity, which Dracula threatens to destroy. Harker's journal, for example, embodies the only advantage during his stay at Dracula's castle: that he knows more than the Count thinks he does. The novel's disparate accounts approach a kind of

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was published in London in May 1897 by Archibald Constable and Company. It cost 6 shillings, and was bound in yellow cloth and titled in red letters. In 2002, Barbara Belford, a biographer, wrote that the novel looked "shabby", perhaps because the title had been changed at a late stage. Although

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in Whitby's public library while holidaying there with his wife and son in 1880. On the name, Stoker wrote: "Dracula means devil. Wallachians were accustomed to give it as a surname to any person who rendered himself conspicuous by courage, cruel actions or cunning". Stoker's initial plans for

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The novel's representation of vampirism has been discussed as symbolising Victorian anxieties about disease. The theme is discussed with far less frequency than others because it is discussed alongside other topics rather than as the central object of discussion. For example, some connect its

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described the novel as vampire literature's "centrepiece, rendering all other vampires BS or AS". It profoundly shaped the popular understanding of how vampires function, including their strengths, weaknesses, and other characteristics. Bats had been associated with vampires before

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was positively received by reviewers who pointed to its effective use of horror. In contrast, reviewers who wrote negatively of the novel regarded it as excessively frightening. Comparisons to other works of gothic fiction were common, including its structural similarity to

357:. Van Helsing places garlic flowers around her room and makes her a necklace of them. Lucy's mother removes the garlic flowers, not knowing they repel vampires. While Seward and Van Helsing are absent, Lucy and her mother are terrified by a wolf and Mrs. Westenra dies of a 6346: 907:. According to Showalter, Lucy represents the "sexual daring" of the New Woman, evidenced by how she wonders why a woman cannot marry three men if they all desire her. Mina, meanwhile, represents the New Woman's "intellectual ambitions", citing her occupation as a 808:, enthused about the novel to Stoker, predicting it would bring him immense financial success. She was wrong; the novel, although reviewed well, did not make Stoker much money and did not cement his critical legacy until after his death. Since its publication, 1025:

criminal. She explains that, at the time of the novel's composition and publication, the "threatening degenerate was commonly identified as the racial Other, the alien intruder who invades the country to disrupt the domestic order and enfeeble the host race".

3433:, Introduction: The Myth of Dracula's Reception: "Rather, while the novel did receive, on the one hand, a few reviews that were mixed, it enjoyed predominantly a critically strong early print life. Dracula was, by all accounts, a critically-acclaimed novel." 381:

house, but he escapes. They learn that Dracula is fleeing to his castle in Transylvania with his last box. Mina has a faint psychic connection to Dracula, which Van Helsing exploits via hypnosis to track Dracula's movements. Guided by Mina, they pursue him.

361:; Lucy dies shortly thereafter. After her burial, newspapers report children being stalked in the night by a "bloofer lady" (beautiful lady), and Van Helsing deduces it is Lucy. The four go to her tomb and see that she is a vampire. They stake her heart, 1008:

Stephen Arata describes the novel as a case of "reverse colonisation"; that is, a fear of the non-white invading England and weakening its racial purity. Arata describes the novel's cultural context of mounting anxiety in Britain over the decline of the

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differs significantly from Stoker's novel. Character names were changed, the length was abridged, and it was more overtly sexual than the original. Dutch scholar Hans Corneel de Roos compared the translation favourably to Stoker's, writing that where

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of all kinds were associated with animals, the Romani were victims of persecution in Europe due to a belief that they enjoyed "unclean meat" and lived among animals. Stoker's description of the Slovaks draws heavily from a travel memoir by a British

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shortly before the novel's publication and performed only once, in order to establish his own copyright for such adaptations. Although the manuscript was believed lost, the British Library possesses a copy. It consists of extracts from the novel's

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Adaptations of the novel and its characters have contributed to its enduring popularity. Even within academic discussions, the boundaries between Stoker's novel and the character's adaptation across a range of media have effectively been blurred.

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was not the first piece of literature to depict vampires, but the novel has nonetheless come to dominate both popular and scholarly treatments of vampire fiction. Count Dracula is the first character to come to mind when people discuss vampires.

1391:, coincidentally also published in 1972, concur; Gabriel Ronay says the novel was "recognised by fans and critics alike as a horror writer's stroke of genius", and Anthony Masters mentions the novel's "enormous popular appeal". Since the 1970s, 3314:, Introduction: The Myth of Dracula's Reception: "Dracula's writing was seen by early reviewers and responders to parallel, if not supersede the Gothic horror works of such canonical writers as Mary Shelley, Ann Radcliffe, and Edgar Allan Poe." 3421:, Introduction: The Myth of Dracula's Reception: "That the sample of reviews relied upon by previous studies is scant at best has unfortunately resulted in the common misconception about the novel's early critical reception being 'mixed'". 5383: 681:

Prior to writing the novel, Stoker researched extensively, assembling over 100 pages of notes, including chapter summaries and plot outlines. The notes were sold by Bram Stoker's widow, Florence, in 1913, to a New York book dealer for

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opined that the novel was "praiseworthy" and absorbing, but could not recommend it to those who were not "strong". Stoker's prose was commended as effective in sustaining the novel's horror by many publications. A reviewer for the

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Visual representations of the Count have changed significantly over time. Early treatments of Dracula's appearance were established by theatrical productions in London and New York. Later prominent portrayals of the character by

6288: 1614:(1847) included an image of a bat on its cover illustration. But Stoker deepened the association by making Dracula able to transform into one. That was, in turn, quickly taken up by film studios looking for opportunities to use 744:

markedly differ from the final novel. Had Stoker completed his original plans, a German professor called Max Windshoeffel "would have confronted Count Wampyr from Styria", and one of the Crew of Light would have been slain by a

2018:, p. 150: "Unfortunately, no correspondence between Vambery and Stoker can be found today. Moreover, a search through all of the professor's published writings fails to reveal any comments on Vlad, Dracula, or vampires." 1043:; Halberstam highlights one particular fear that Jews would spread diseases of the blood, and one journalist's description of Jews as "Yiddish bloodsuckers". In contrast, Mathias Clasen writes parallels between vampirism and 1326:

called the novel a "literary failure"; they elaborated that coupling vampires with frightening imagery, such as insane asylums and "unnatural appetites", made the horror too overt, and that other works in the genre, such as

3445:, Introduction: The Myth of Dracula's Reception: "That the sample of reviews relied upon by previous studies is scant at best has unfortunately resulted in common misconception about the novel's early critical reception " 1978:

Vambery was able to report that 'the Impaler,' who had won this name for obvious reasons, was spoken of for centuries after as the cleverest and the most cunning, as well as the bravest of the sons of the 'land beyond the

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and later its sequels) built upon earlier versions. Chiefly, Dracula's early visual style involved a black-red colour scheme and slicked back hair. Lee's portrayal was overtly sexual, and also popularised fangs on screen.

1180:, Ireland, England, and colonialism. Calvin W. Keogh writes that Harker's voyage into Eastern Europe "bears comparison with the Celtic fringe to the west", highlighting them both as "othered" spaces. Keogh notes that the 899:

of the text, posit that Stoker thought the line would render the novel unpublishable in 1897 England, and that "the America that produced his hero Walt Whitman would have been more tolerant of men feeding on men".

307:; Dracula rescues Harker, and gives the women a small child bound inside a bag. Harker awakens in bed; soon after, Dracula leaves the castle, abandoning him to the women. Harker escapes and ends up delirious in a 702:

wrote that he knew "an old lady" who was approached to revise the original manuscript, but that Stoker found her too expensive. Stoker's first biographer, Harry Ludlam, wrote in 1962 that writing commenced on

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Laura Sagolla Croley expands: "Arata fails to see the class implications of Dracula's racial invasion. Social reformers and journalists throughout the century used the language of race to talk about the very

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Everyone stays at Dr. Seward's asylum as the men begin to hunt Dracula. Van Helsing finally reveals that vampires can only rest on earth from their homeland. Dracula communicates with Seward's patient,

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suggests that Stoker's failure to comply with United States copyright law contributed to its enduring status, writing that writers and producers did not need to pay a licence fee to use the character.

1005:. Unlike the major's description, Harker's description is overtly imperialistic, labelling the people as "barbarians" and their boats as "primitive", emphasising their perceived cultural inferiority. 1051:. Martin Willis, a researcher focused on the intersection of literature and disease, argues that the novel's characterisation of vampirism makes it both the initial infection and resulting illness. 520:, but an investigation by McNally and Florescu found nothing about "Vlad, Dracula, or vampires" within Vámbéry's published papers, nor in Stoker's notes about his meeting with Vámbéry. Academic and 5143: 1559:

write that the novel and its characters have been adapted for film, television, video games and animation over 700 times, with nearly 1000 additional appearances in comic books and on the stage.

349:. After his ship lands there, Dracula stalks Lucy. Mina receives a letter about her missing fiancé's illness, and goes to Budapest to nurse him. Lucy becomes very ill. Seward's old teacher, 1077:

writing. John Seward, Mina Murray and Jonathan Harker all keep a crystalline account of the period as an act of self-preservation; David Seed notes that Harker's narrative is written in

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Stoker's notes illuminate much about earlier iterations of the novel. For instance, they indicate that the novel's vampire was intended to be a Count, even before he was given the name

6238: 1549:, established a new default look for the character—a Romanian accent and long hair. The assortment of adaptations feature many different dispositions and characteristics of the Count. 319:

narrates the crew's disappearance until he alone remains, bound to the helm to maintain course. An animal resembling a large dog is seen leaping ashore when the ship runs aground at

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In their annotated version of Stoker's notes, Eighteen-Bisang and Miller dedicated an appendix to what the novel might have looked like had Stoker adhered to his original concept.

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has been the basis for numerous films and plays. Stoker himself wrote the first theatrical adaptation, which was presented at the Lyceum Theatre on 18 May 1897 under the title

427:, Stoker described his own temperament as "secretive to the world", but he nonetheless led a relatively public life. Stoker supplemented his income from the theatre by writing 788:

was unusually signed only 6 days prior to publication. For the first thousand sales of the novel, Stoker earned no royalties. Following serialisation by American newspapers,

1728:"New Woman" is a term that originated in the 19th century, and is used to describe an emerging class of intellectual women with social and economic control over their lives. 1035:

depiction of disease with race. Jack Halberstam points to one scene in which an English worker says that the repugnant odour of Count Dracula's London home smells like

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is also said to be a "folio novel — which is ... a sibling to the epistolary novel, posed as letters collected and found by the reader or an editor." Alexander Chee,

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Bierman, Stoker always intended to write an epistolary novel, but originally set it in Styria instead of Transylvania; this iteration did not explicitly use the word

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The full text of all contemporary reviews listed in the bibliography's "contemporary critical reviews" can be found, faithfully reproduced, in John Edgar Browning's

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critically of the Count's cultural omnipresence, noting that the character of Dracula has "seriously inhibited" discussions of the undead in Gothic fiction.

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has been the subject of significant academic interest, evidenced by its own peer-reviewed journal and the numerous books and articles discussing the novel.

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Sensation fiction is a genre characterised by the depiction of scandalous events—for example murder, theft, forgery, or adultery—within domestic settings.

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The novel's depiction of women continues to divide critics. Elaine Showalter writes that Lucy Westenra and Mina Harker represent different aspects of the

9133: 8978: 1254:. Another anonymous writer described Stoker as "the Edgar Allan Poe of the nineties". Other favourable comparisons to other Gothic novelists include the 1146:. Jerrold E. Hogle notes Gothic fiction's tendency to blur boundaries, pointing to sexual orientation, race, class, and even species. Relating this to 612:. Scholar Alison Milbank observes that as Dracula can transform into a dog, Carmilla can become a cat. According to author Patrick McGrath, "traces of 1340:

had a mixed critical reception upon publication. Carol Margaret Davison, for example, notes an "uneven" response from critics contemporary to Stoker.

1295:, regarded the novel as simultaneously sensational and domestic. One reviewer praised the "considerable power" of Stoker's prose and describing it as 1674:

Miller presented this article at the second Transylvanian Society of Dracula Symposium, but it has been reproduced elsewhere; for example, in the

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a reference within the text to Vámbéry, an "Arminius, of Buda-Pesh University", who is familiar with the historical Vlad III and is a friend of

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around 1895 or 1896. Following the rediscovery of Stoker's notes in 1972 by Raymond T. McNally and Radu Florescu, the two dated the writing of

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Many of these early reviews were charmed by Stoker's unique treatment of the vampire myth. One called it the best vampire story ever written.

1188:. In this reading, Transylvania functions as a stand-in for Ireland. Several critics have described Count Dracula as an Anglo-Irish landlord. 6234: 1786:

There is some evidence that Bram Stoker died as a result of syphilis; Daniel Farson argues that he may have caught the disease while writing

555:, does have some information on Báthory, but Miller writes that he never took notes on anything from the short section devoted to her. In a 1299:. They were less fond of the parts set in England, finding the vampire suited better to tales set far away from home. The British magazine 528:

calls the link to Vlad III "tenuous", indicating that Stoker incorporated a large amount of "insignificant detail" from his research, and

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letters sent by him to the American poet Walt Whitman. Stoker began writing the novel one month following the imprisonment of his friend

169:, the narrative is related through letters, diary entries, and newspaper articles. It has no single protagonist and opens with solicitor 4442:

Leblanc, Benjamin H. (1997). "The Death of Dracula: A Darwinian Approach to the Vampire's Evolution". In Davison, Carol Margaret (ed.).

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Milbank, Alison (1998). "'Powers Old and New': Stoker's Alliances with Anglo-Irish Gothic". In Hughes, William; Smith, Andrew (eds.).

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her, and fill her mouth with garlic. Jonathan Harker and his now-wife Mina have returned, and they join the campaign against Dracula.

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to help the Count purchase a house near London. Ignoring the Count's warning, Harker wanders the castle at night and encounters

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deviates from Gothic tales before it by firmly establishing its time—that being the modern era. The novel is an example of the

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influence. According to Milbank, the story was a deleted first chapter from early in the original manuscript, and replicates

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Dracula is one of three figures Zanger links to the popular anxiety surrounding Jewish migration to England; the others are

1414: 804:. The novelist was required to purchase the copyright and register two copies, but he registered only one. Stoker's mother, 9148: 7361: 7265: 6666: 6658: 5962: 1537: 1519: 1427: 1129: 253:

became regarded as a seminal piece of gothic fiction. Modern scholars explore the novel within its historical context—the

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Skal, David J. (2011). "Introduction—Dracula: Undead and Unseen". In Browning, John Edgar; Picart, Caroline Joan (eds.).

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Anglo-Saxon world cinematic fodder". Across the world, completed new adaptations can be produced as often as every week.

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was mostly written in the 1890s. Stoker produced over a hundred pages of notes for the novel, drawing extensively from

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writes that the perceived "eternal homelessness" of the Jewish people has contributed to discrimination against them.

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stereotyping. Jules Zanger links the novel's portrayal of the vampire to the immigration of Eastern European Jews to

279:, has been adapted for film over 30 times, and its characters have made numerous appearances in virtually all media. 271:

versions of their characters; for example, Count Dracula as the quintessential vampire, and Van Helsing as an iconic

1493:, Prana. The legal case lasted two or three years, and in May 1924, Prana agreed to destroy all copies of the film. 9183: 8863: 8765: 8743: 8738: 7968: 7690: 6751: 1676: 1409: 648:

has been suggested as a possible influence on Stoker. Bob Curran, a lecturer in Celtic History and Folklore at the

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in 1897 praised its capacity to entertain, but concluded that Stoker erred in including so much horror. Likewise,

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Aside from the historical, Count Dracula also has literary progenitors. Academic Elizabeth Signorotti argues that

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Davison, Carol Margaret (1997). "Blood Brothers: Dracula and Jack the Ripper". In Davison, Carol Margaret (ed.).

1887:, p. 301: "Most of his novels are sentimental romances in which the hero tries to win the love of a woman." 9193: 9173: 9163: 9158: 8395: 8363: 7781: 7730: 7561: 6176: 4965: 1301: 559:

edition of Bram Stoker's original notes for the book, Miller and her co-author Robert Eighteen-Bisang say in a

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Hughes, William (2012). "Fictional Vampires in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Century". In Punter, David (ed.).

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Lisa Hopkins reproduces the previous quotation, and confirms Farson's relation to Stoker, in her 2007 book on

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was well received. Reviewers frequently compared the novel to other Gothic writers, and mentions of novelist

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Other critics have concurred with Miller. Mathias Clasen describes her as "a tireless debunker of academic

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and the Doctors: Bad Blood, Menstrual Taboo and the New Woman". In Hughes, William; Smith, Andrew (eds.).

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purchased the rights to make a film version, it was discovered that Stoker had not fully complied with US

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succeeded by drawing together folklore, legend, vampire fiction and the conventions of the Gothic novel.

1372: 525: 207:. Some scholars have suggested that the character of Dracula was inspired by historical figures like the 5948:"Vampirism and the Degeneration of the Imperial Race: Stoker's Dracula as the Invasive Degenerate Other" 1485:

differs significantly from the novel, but that characters have clear counterparts. Bram Stoker's widow,

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horrors occurred both in foreign lands—in the far-away Carpathian Mountains—and at home, in Whitby and

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has been adapted a large number of times across virtually all forms of media. John Edgar Browning and

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England. Between 1881 and 1900, the number of Jews living in England had increased sixfold because of

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Dracula: Authoritative Text, Contexts, Reviews and Reactions, Dramatic and Film Variations, Criticism

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and literary vampires, conducted a review of the novel's early criticism in 2012 and determined that

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noted that the novel was, at times, unintentionally funny, pointing to Dracula's disdain for garlic.

1291: 596:, wrote a biography of the author; in it, he doubts that Stoker was aware of the lesbian elements of 419:

was a recognisable figure: he would greet evening guests, and served as assistant to the stage actor

353:, determines the nature of Lucy's condition, but refuses to disclose it. He diagnoses her with acute 345:. Lucy accepts Holmwood's, but all remain friends. Mina joins Lucy on holiday in Whitby. Lucy begins 7145: 5090:"The Rhetoric of Reform in Stoker's "Dracula": Depravity, Decline, and the Fin-de-Siècle "Residuum"" 1236:(1859) were especially common because of similarities in structure and style. A review appearing in 1021:. Monika Tomaszewska associates Dracula's status as the racial Other with his characterisation as a 8919: 8510: 8339: 8135: 8109: 7746: 7698: 7627: 7537: 7241: 7209: 7094: 7086: 7006: 4534:

McGrath, Patrick (1997). "Preface: Bram Stoker and his Vampire". In Davison, Carol Margaret (ed.).

1039:, making it a "Jewish smell". Jewish people were frequently described, in Victorian literature, as 926:, and specifically the Count's migration to Victorian England, is frequently read as emblematic of 753:

might have originally been intended to be a detective story, with a detective called Cotford and a

24: 7329: 9108: 8879: 8611: 8528: 8115: 8056: 7834: 7738: 7722: 7046: 1556: 896: 687: 219:, but there is widespread disagreement. Stoker's notes mention neither figure. He found the name 85: 3995:

Dracula in Visual Media: Film, Television, Comic Book and Electronic Game Appearances, 1921–2010

3966:

Dracula in Visual Media: Film, Television, Comic Book and Electronic Game Appearances, 1921–2010

3937:

Dracula in Visual Media: Film, Television, Comic Book and Electronic Game Appearances, 1921–2010

8943: 8927: 8911: 8887: 8661: 8438: 8331: 8224: 7960: 7920: 7827: 7449: 7345: 3037: 1002: 789: 754: 441: 412: 4829: 1018: 824: 8656: 8637: 8602: 8315: 8258: 8150: 8003: 7489: 7257: 7161: 6966: 6882: 6874: 6858: 6820: 6735: 6674: 6379: 5934: 1274: 930:, and a projection of fears about racial pollution. A number of scholars have indicated that 880: 770: 358: 4890: 4150:

Barsanti, Michael (2008). "Foreword". In Eighteen-Bisang, Robert; Miller, Elizabeth (eds.).

864: 592:(1872), "correcting" its emphasis on female desire. Bram Stoker's great-nephew, broadcaster 489: 9093: 8825: 8074: 7952: 7904: 7569: 7497: 7425: 7401: 6974: 6915: 6187: 5343:"Insiders/Outsiders: Conrad's "The Nigger of the "Narcissus" " and Bram Stoker's "Dracula"" 1542: 1240:

notes that the novel could almost have been written by Collins, and an anonymous review in

649: 300: 4933:"Tasting the Original Apple: Gender and the Struggle for Narrative Authority in "Dracula"" 656:, suggests that Stoker may have drawn some inspiration for Dracula from an Irish vampire, 540: 488:, but there is no consensus. In his 1962 biography of Stoker, Harry Ludlam suggested that 216: 8: 8871: 8457: 8282: 8121: 8038: 8030: 8022: 7911: 7887: 7818: 7651: 7465: 7313: 6990: 6958: 6828: 6727: 6578: 6543: 6435: 6136: 5153:"Feminism, Sex Role Exchanges, and Other Subliminal Fantasies in Bram Stoker's "Dracula"" 3963:

Stoker, Dacre (2011). "Foreword". In Browning, John Edgar; Picart, Caroline Joan (eds.).

1834:

Some sources say the legal battle lasted only two, while others give the number as three.

1527: 1505: 1341: 1022: 927: 529: 517: 457: 350: 200: 190: 6315: 5800:"Purity and Danger: Dracula, the Urban Gothic, and the Late Victorian Degeneracy Crisis" 5043: 5019: 3611: 8994: 8588: 8199: 7714: 7409: 7337: 7030: 6895: 6515: 6500: 6147: 6023: 5909: 5901: 5860: 5827: 5786: 5753: 5720: 5679: 5617: 5609: 5565: 5519: 5462: 5454: 5411: 5370: 5329: 5288: 5255: 5213: 5180: 5109: 5076: 5039: 5006: 4952: 4877: 4649: 1610: 1456: 820: 793: 690:, (equivalent to UK£208 in 2019). Following that, the notes became the property of 621: 501: 264: 204: 5629:

Rhodes, Gary D. (1 January 2010). "Drakula halála (1921):The Cinema's First Dracula".

5425:"Vampiric Seduction and Vicissitudes of Masculine Identity in Bram Stoker's "Dracula"" 2550: 377:

inside them, rendering them useless to Dracula. They attempt to trap the Count in his

9067: 9052: 8682: 8414: 8307: 7775: 7062: 6982: 6866: 6775: 6475: 6334: 6015: 5893: 5852: 5819: 5778: 5745: 5712: 5683: 5671: 5621: 5601: 5557: 5511: 5474:

Miller, Elizabeth (August 1996). "Filing for Divorce: Vlad Tepes vs. Count Dracula".

5446: 5415: 5403: 5362: 5333: 5321: 5280: 5247: 5205: 5172: 5101: 5068: 5031: 5010: 4998: 4944: 4910: 4869: 4835: 4814: 4793: 4774: 4764: 4743: 4722: 4701: 4680: 4670: 4637: 4627: 4598: 4577: 4551: 4541: 4520: 4499: 4478: 4459: 4449: 4430: 4420: 4401: 4391: 4368: 4345: 4326: 4303: 4286: 4276: 4257: 4247: 4217: 4198: 4188: 4167: 4157: 4138: 4128: 4107: 4097: 4078: 4068: 4047: 4028: 4009: 3999: 3980: 3970: 3951: 3941: 3920: 3899: 3882: 3872: 3851: 3832: 3811: 1576: 1074: 975: 560: 547:

has analogues in Báthory's described crimes, such as the use of a cage resembling an

374: 304: 228: 118: 7129: 5913: 5466: 1697:, Benjamin H. Leblanc reproduces her arguments in his critical history on the novel. 1451: 563:

that there is no evidence she inspired Stoker. In 2000, Miller's book-length study,

39: 9088: 9034: 8970: 8787: 8646: 8192: 8177: 7521: 7289: 7217: 7153: 7102: 6767: 6698: 6583: 6372: 5885: 5811: 5704: 5663: 5638: 5597: 5593: 5436: 5395: 5354: 5313: 5164: 5060: 4990: 4906: 4902: 3803: 1352:

had been "a critically acclaimed novel". Browning writes that the misconception of

1181: 1164:

became the subject of critical interest into Irish fiction during the early 1990s.

1116: 1065: 805: 583: 497: 212: 166: 4061:

Davison, Carol Margaret (1997). "Introduction". In Davison, Carol Margaret (ed.).

2323: 1255: 943: 9057: 8760: 8755: 8687: 8475: 8355: 7553: 7225: 7014: 6455: 6440: 6364: 6320: 5938: 4808: 4787: 4737: 4716: 4695: 4592: 4514: 4493: 4472: 4211: 3914: 1738: 1523: 1500: 1486: 1296: 1286: 1095: 961: 952: 699: 579: 432: 342: 170: 5947: 4213:

Vampires, Mummies, and Liberals: Bram Stoker and the Politics of Popular Fiction

2540: 2538: 2484: 2482: 2480: 716:. For two summers, Stoker and his family stayed in the Kilmarnock Arms Hotel in 668: 8422: 8163: 7928: 7659: 7545: 7505: 7441: 7305: 7169: 7110: 6609: 6599: 6573: 6551: 6465: 6085: 1755: 1615: 1362: 1227: 1213: 1185: 1173: 1143: 1010: 979: 645: 338: 296: 272: 240: 158: 155: 75: 71: 6116:

Publisher's Circular and Booksellers' Record of British and Foreign Literature

5973:

Wasserman, Judith (1977). "Women and Vampires: Dracula as a Victorian Novel".

5922: 5483:

Miller, Elizabeth (2006). "Filing for Divorce: Count Dracula vs. Vlad Tepes".

5441: 5424: 5053:""Kiss Me with those Red Lips": Gender and Inversion in Bram Stoker's Dracula" 4978: 4405: 3341: 1515: 571:

scholars, but non-specialists and popular film and television documentaries".

9082: 8749: 8692: 7944: 7683: 7667: 7643: 7619: 7611: 7233: 7022: 6614: 6450: 6430: 6289:"Celebrating Eiko Ishioka's extraordinary costumes for Bram Stoker's Dracula" 6019: 5897: 5856: 5823: 5782: 5749: 5716: 5675: 5605: 5561: 5515: 5450: 5407: 5366: 5325: 5284: 5251: 5209: 5176: 5105: 5072: 5035: 5002: 4948: 4922:

Caine, Hall (24 April 1912). "Bram Stoker. The story of a great friendship".

4914: 4873: 4778: 4684: 4641: 4555: 4463: 4434: 4171: 4142: 4111: 4082: 4013: 3984: 3955: 3886: 2535: 2477: 1693:

myths". In response to several lines of query as to the historical origin of

1596: 1422: 1251: 1199: 1106: 992: 892: 593: 505: 485: 428: 390: 326: 292: 276: 254: 178: 174: 20: 5642: 5384:"The Critics' Count: Revisions of Dracula and the Postcolonial Irish Gothic" 5269:"The Contribution of F. W. Murnau's "Nosferatu" To the Evolution of Dracula" 4290: 4261: 3807: 3205: 3109: 1447:

with Stoker's own handwriting providing direction and dialogue attribution.

8935: 7897: 7814: 7529: 7433: 7369: 6812: 6534: 5923:"The Slovaks and Gypsies of Bram Stoker's Dracula: Vampires in Human Flesh" 5194:"Alejandra Pizarnik's "La condesa Sangrienta" and the Lure of the Absolute" 4858:"The Occidental Tourist: "Dracula" and the Anxiety of Reverse Colonization" 4758: 4385: 4202: 1628: 1568: 1546: 1472: 1444: 1312: 1259: 1155: 966: 908: 424: 420: 394: 362: 346: 5667: 5317: 4994: 4664: 4621: 4535: 4443: 4414: 4151: 4122: 4091: 4062: 3993: 3964: 3935: 3866: 3795: 393:

men, the hunters converge and attack it. After routing the Romani, Harker

8848: 8616: 8247: 8240: 8156: 6604: 6460: 6445: 6395: 6058: 5767:"Repossessing the Body: Transgressive Desire in "Carmilla" and "Dracula"" 4270: 4241: 3239: 1605: 1532: 1418: 1278:, had kept the supernatural far away from the novelists' home countries, 1124: 1120: 1014: 938: 888: 873: 548: 416: 354: 334: 330: 162: 53: 6027: 6003: 5864: 5840: 5790: 5766: 5613: 5581: 5569: 5545: 5523: 5499: 5458: 5302:"Gothic Genealogies: Dracula, Bowen's Court, And Anglo-Irish Psychology" 5292: 5268: 5217: 5193: 5113: 5089: 4956: 4932: 4182: 3293: 781:

contracts were typically signed at least 6 months ahead of publication,

620:

castle. A short story written by Stoker and published after his death, "

125: 8903: 7675: 7513: 6105: 5831: 5799: 5757: 5733: 5724: 5692: 5399: 5374: 5342: 5259: 5235: 5184: 5152: 5080: 5052: 4881: 4857: 1040: 869: 717: 452: 447: 378: 141: 136: 6036: 5905: 5873: 4891:"The Genesis and Dating of 'Dracula' from Bram Stoker's Working Notes" 8621: 8206: 7635: 6850: 6235:"The Icelandic Translation of 'Dracula' Is Actually a Different Book" 5651: 5301: 2380: 2378: 1477: 1360:

that 36 were unreserved in their praise, including publications like

1078: 1036: 912: 904: 657: 653: 556: 462: 288: 268: 208: 5815: 5708: 5358: 5168: 5064: 4574:

Dracula Was a Woman: In Search of the Blood Countess of Transylvania

3601: 3599: 3597: 2453: 2441: 2429: 2137: 1974:, p. 100: "Bram sought the help of Arminius Vambery in Budapest 1767:

In the novel, Harker specifies that the Slovaks are a type of gypsy.

386: 8170: 7976: 6470: 6352: 6329: 6177:

Vanity Fair: A Weekly Show of Political, Social, and Literary Wares

5889: 4089: 2556: 2417: 1878: 1742: 1572: 1048: 997: 971: 746: 721: 605: 588: 567:, was said by academic Noel Chevalier to correct "not only leading 477: 370: 308: 4492:

Lovecraft, H. P. (1965). Derleth, August; Wandrei, Donald (eds.).

3358: 3356: 2375: 2351: 8666: 7281: 7249: 5841:""Bram Stoker's Dracula: Possessed by the Spirit of the Nation?"" 5500:"Back to the Basics: Re-Examining Stoker's Sources for "Dracula"" 4272:

From Dickens to Dracula: Gothic, Economics, and Victorian Fiction

3666: 3594: 1496: 1169: 988: 948: 473: 316: 257:—and discuss its depiction of gender roles, sexuality, and race. 185:, and the Count moves to England and plagues the seaside town of 182: 5136:"Radu Florescu dead: Legacy of the Romanian 'Dracula professor'" 3400: 3317: 1184:

has been both symbolically and historically associated with the

465:

on Irving—Stoker wrote only "to sell" and "had no higher aims".

267:. Many of the book's characters have entered popular culture as 181:. Harker escapes the castle after discovering that Dracula is a 7812: 6155: 5225:

Doniger, Wendy (20 November 1995). "Sympathy for the Vampire".

5020:"Attention, Predation, Counterintuition: Why Dracula Won't Die" 4060: 4042:

Dalby, Richard (1986). "Bram Stoker". In Sullivan, Jack (ed.).

3868:

From Demons to Dracula: The Creation of the Modern Vampire Myth

3460: 3353: 3347: 2544: 2488: 2084: 1311:

was widely considered to be frightening. A review appearing in

639: 616:" can be found in the three female vampires residing in Dracula 320: 315:

for England with boxes of earth from his castle. The captain's

223:

in Whitby's public library while on holiday, thinking it meant

186: 8817: 4620: 4387:

Beyond Dracula: Bram Stoker's Fiction and Its Cultural Context

4317:

Bierman, Joseph S. (1998). "A Crucial Stage in the Writing of

3281: 3269: 2661: 2363: 2009: 6357: 6086:

The Bookseller: A Newspaper of British and Foreign Literature

5652:""A Wilde Desire Took Me": the Homoerotic History of Dracula" 4537:

Bram Stoker's Dracula: Sucking through the Century, 1897–1997

4445:

Bram Stoker's Dracula: Sucking through the Century, 1897–1997

4230: 4093:

Bram Stoker's Dracula: Sucking through the Century, 1897–1997

4064:

Bram Stoker's Dracula: Sucking through the Century, 1897–1997

4025:

Vampires: A Field Guide to the Creatures That Stalk the Night

3115: 2511: 1812:

This footnote provides the page number for the 1994 edition;

957: 765: 539:(1983) suggests another historical figure as an inspiration: 119: 6096:

The Academy: A Weekly Review of Literature, Science, and Art

4979:"Dracula: Sense & Nonsense by Elizabeth Miller (review)" 4416:

Murderesses in German Writing, 1720–1860: Heroines of Horror

3329: 3221: 1387:

mentions the novel's "immediate success". Other works about

1203:

been adopted by Mr. Bram Stoker while writing his new novel

3654: 2702: 2700: 455:, a close friend of Stoker's, wrote an obituary for him in 6165:"Current Literature: Hutchinson & Co's Publications". 3934:

Browning, John Edgar; Picart, Caroline Joan, eds. (2011).

2979: 2673: 1843:

Some sources say that "all prints were ordered destroyed".

4594:

In Search of Dracula: The History of Dracula and Vampires

4121:

Eighteen-Bisang, Robert; Miller, Elizabeth, eds. (2008).

3693: 3683: 3681: 3584: 3582: 3193: 3075: 3073: 3003: 2967: 2955: 2880: 2844: 2832: 2820: 2796: 2586: 2501: 2499: 2497: 2176: 2120: 2038: 2036: 1999: 1997: 1825:

This was necessary under the Stage Licensing Act of 1897.

792:

published an American edition in 1899. In the 1930s when

6126:

Saturday Review of Politics, Literature, Science and Art

6113: 3299: 2943: 2712: 2697: 2395: 2393: 2339: 2166: 2164: 2149: 2072: 1895: 1893: 1243:

Saturday Review of Politics, Literature, Science and Art

19:

This article is about the novel. For the character, see

4718:

Sexual Anarchy: Gender and Culture at the Fin de Siècle

4044:

The Penguin Encyclopedia of Horror and the Supernatural

3705: 3569: 3567: 3565: 3501: 3499: 3484: 3157: 2897: 2895: 2639: 2637: 2622: 2610: 2108: 1481:. Critic Wayne E. Hensley writes that the narrative of 1383:

mixed response. Raymond T. McNally and Radu Florescu's

672:

Stoker's handwritten notes about the novel's characters

5236:"Technologies of Monstrosity: Bram Stoker's "Dracula"" 3765: 3753: 3741: 3729: 3717: 3678: 3642: 3630: 3579: 3550: 3540: 3538: 3511: 3133: 3121: 3070: 3015: 2991: 2574: 2523: 2494: 2465: 2405: 2299: 2033: 1994: 1376:. Other critical works have rejected the narrative of 532:

asking why he would omit Vlad III's infamous cruelty.

5582:"On Dracula, the West, America, and Other Inventions" 4474:

A Biography of Dracula: The Life Story of Bram Stoker

4184:

The Man Who Wrote Dracula: A Biography of Bram Stoker

4120: 3523: 3181: 3169: 3145: 2868: 2808: 2459: 2447: 2435: 2423: 2390: 2384: 2357: 2333: 2311: 2263: 2253: 2251: 2236: 2224: 2212: 2161: 2143: 1965: 1941: 1929: 1890: 1884: 1272:

reviewer noted that while earlier Gothic works, like

694:, and then disappeared until they were bought by the 484:

Many figures have been suggested as inspirations for

6158:

Of Literature, Science, and Art (Fiction Supplement)

4153:

Bram Stoker's Notes for Dracula: A Facsimile Edition

4124:

Bram Stoker's Notes for Dracula: A Facsimile Edition

3562: 3496: 3472: 3085: 2931: 2919: 2907: 2892: 2784: 2772: 2760: 2649: 2634: 2598: 2275: 2200: 2188: 846:meandered, the translation was concise and punchy. 8979:

Snowbound: The Record of a Theatrical Touring Party

6133: 5874:"A Vampire in the Mirror: The Sexuality of Dracula" 4365:

Bram Stoker: History, Psychoanalysis and the Gothic

4342:

Bram Stoker: History, Psychoanalysis and the Gothic

4323:

Bram Stoker: History, Psychoanalysis and the Gothic

4300:

Bram Stoker: History, Psychoanalysis and the Gothic

3933: 3672: 3605: 3535: 3323: 3097: 3058: 3046: 2856: 2748: 2685: 2060: 2021: 1982: 1953: 1917: 1866: 1563:deemed Count Dracula—along with characters such as 1489:, initiated legal action against the studio behind 879:The novel's characters are often said to represent 863:as sexually charged have become so frequent that a 435:, and had published 18 books by his death in 1912. 6394: 6204: 6144: 5388:Cambridge Journal of Postcolonial Literary Inquiry 3896:Alice Freeman Palmer: The Evolution of a New Woman 3406: 3251: 2724: 2562: 2287: 2248: 2096: 2048: 1741:, who was often imagined as a Jewish butcher, and 1168:is set largely in England, but Stoker was born in 996:beliefs about the Romani as animalistic. Although 173:taking a business trip to stay at the castle of a 9014:The Duties of Clerks of Petty Sessions in Ireland 6061:Review of Politics, Literature, Theology, and Art 5531:Moretti, Franco (1982). "The Dialectic of Fear". 4849: 4046:. New York City: Viking Press. pp. 404–406. 3998:. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co. 2736: 1905: 984:(1895), who is depicted as animalistic and thin. 500:, commonly known as Vlad the Impaler. Professors 9080: 6195: 6184: 6173: 6052: 5121:Curran, Bob (2000). "Was Dracula an Irishman?". 4760:Reading Vampire Gothic through Blood: Bloodlines 4626:. David Punter. Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell. 2012. 3394: 3386: 3368: 3362: 3266:, Introduction: The Myth of Dracula's Reception. 7386:Bara no Konrei ~Mayonaka ni Kawashita Yakusoku~ 6122: 6037:"A Sympathetic Vibration: Dracula and the Jews" 6004:""The Invisible Giant," 'Dracula', and Disease" 5734:""Dracula": Stoker's Response to the New Woman" 5150: 4789:Stage Blood: Vampires of the 19th Century Stage 4590: 4562: 3796:"Gypsies and Jews as Wolves in Realist Fiction" 3466: 3287: 2667: 2369: 2015: 868:homosexual; Talia Schaffer points to intensely 439:was Stoker's seventh published book, following 329:'s letter to her best friend, Harker's fiancée 6164: 6102: 6082: 4358: 3802:. London: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 69–96. 3390: 3335: 3275: 3227: 2090: 8833: 6380: 5985: 4834:. Penguin Publishing Group. pp. 312–13. 4807:Auerbach, Nina; Skal, David J., eds. (1997). 4321:". In Hughes, William; Smith, Andrew (eds.). 4298:Hughes, William; Smith, Andrew, eds. (1998). 4275:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. 3621: 1142:is a common reference text in discussions of 6209:. San Francisco. 9 December 1899. p. 5. 5576: 4806: 4591:McNally, Raymond T.; Florescu, Radu (1994). 4563:McNally, Raymond T.; Florescu, Radu (1973). 3660: 2679: 1450:The first film to feature Count Dracula was 937:version of the vampire myth participates in 6533: 6248:"Bram Stoker's stage adaptation of Dracula" 6196:"A Fantastic Theme Realistically Treated". 6093: 6071: 6041:English Literature in Transition, 1880–1920 5987:"Why Christopher Lee's Dracula didn't suck" 5945: 5927:English Literature in Transition, 1880–1920 4297: 3247: 3243: 2949: 1852:Meaning "before Stoker" and "after Stoker". 287:Jonathan Harker, a newly qualified English 9134:Irish novels adapted into television shows 8840: 8826: 6387: 6373: 5920: 5764: 5422: 5233: 4827: 4231:Hogle, Jerrold E. (2002). "Introduction". 2985: 2973: 2886: 2850: 2838: 2826: 2802: 2592: 2517: 2182: 1250:improved upon the style of Gothic pioneer 311:hospital. Dracula takes a ship called the 234:Following its publication on 26 May 1897, 38: 7482:The Librarian: Curse of the Judas Chalice 6286: 6198:New-York Tribune (Illustrated Supplement) 5972: 5871: 5440: 5299: 4976: 4756: 4714: 4491: 4233:The Cambridge Companion to Gothic Fiction 3916:Bram Stoker's Dracula: The Critical Feast 3864: 3699: 3636: 3211: 3009: 2718: 2706: 2329: 2155: 2114: 1801:Bram Stoker's Dracula: The Critical Feast 1330:The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde 508:popularised the idea in their 1972 book, 496:, supplied Stoker with information about 480:, more commonly known as Vlad the Impaler 333:, describes her marriage proposals from 8388:The Incredible Adventures of Van Helsing 6089:. London. 3 September 1897. p. 816. 5649: 4565:Dracula: A Biography of Vlad the Impaler 4419:. New York: Cambridge University Press. 4235:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 4149: 3912: 3454: 3442: 3430: 3418: 3311: 3263: 2628: 2616: 2317: 1495: 1413: 764: 749:. Stoker's earliest notes indicate that 667: 512:. Benjamin H. LeBlanc writes that there 472: 8987:Dracula's Guest and Other Weird Stories 8733:Dracula's Guest and Other Weird Stories 8569: 8143:Mrs. Deadpool and the Howling Commandos 8136:Captain Britain and MI13: Vampire State 8091:Dracula – L'amour plus fort que la mort 6523:Dracula's Guest and Other Weird Stories 6245: 6169:. Adelaide. 22 January 1898. p. 8. 5838: 5797: 5543: 5530: 5266: 5224: 5133: 4888: 4735: 4571: 4533: 4512: 4441: 4339: 4316: 4268: 4239: 3969:. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Co. 3940:. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Co. 3894:Bordin, Ruth Birgitta Anderson (1993). 3848:Bram Stoker and The Man Who Was Dracula 3845: 3747: 3711: 3588: 3556: 3505: 3490: 3215: 3163: 3079: 2580: 2529: 2505: 2471: 2411: 2399: 2305: 2269: 2242: 2230: 2206: 2078: 2042: 2003: 1988: 1947: 1935: 1923: 1899: 1872: 1754:For further reading on the last point, 1634: 854: 9081: 9027:Personal Reminiscences of Henry Irving 7378:Dark Prince: The True Story of Dracula 7071:Scooby-Doo! and the Reluctant Werewolf 6265: 6241:from the original on 15 December 2019. 6232: 6034: 6001: 5968:from the original on 15 November 2020. 5628: 5497: 5482: 5473: 5120: 5087: 5017: 4963: 4785: 4662: 4611: 4470: 4383: 4209: 4180: 4156:. Jefferson: McFarland & Co. Pub. 4127:. Jefferson: McFarland & Co. Pub. 4022: 3962: 3893: 3824: 3771: 3759: 3735: 3723: 3687: 3648: 3617: 3573: 3529: 3517: 3187: 3139: 3127: 3021: 2997: 2961: 2901: 2874: 2814: 2790: 2778: 2766: 2691: 2568: 2345: 2293: 2281: 2218: 2194: 2170: 2126: 2054: 2027: 1971: 1911: 1344:, a scholar whose research focuses on 911:, her keen mind, and her knowledge of 193:, investigate, hunt and kill Dracula. 8821: 8713: 8568: 7860: 7592: 6924:Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation 6707:Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein 6635: 6412: 6368: 6118:. London. 7 August 1897. p. 131. 5997:from the original on 11 January 2022. 5381: 5191: 5157:Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies 5146:from the original on 12 January 2021. 5050: 4921: 4889:Bierman, Joseph S. (1 January 1977). 4855: 4693: 4041: 3793: 3478: 3199: 3175: 3151: 2937: 2925: 2913: 2862: 2754: 2655: 2643: 2604: 2066: 1959: 1336:Modern critics frequently write that 1172:, which was at that time part of the 543:. McNally argues that the imagery of 7394:Dracula: Pages from a Virgin's Diary 6151:. Glasgow. 10 June 1897. p. 10. 5731: 5690: 5504:Journal of the Fantastic in the Arts 5340: 4930: 4412: 3991: 3544: 3348:Of Literature, Science, and Art 1897 3240:Review of PLTA, "Recent Novels" 1897 3103: 3091: 3064: 3052: 2742: 2730: 2257: 2102: 263:is one of the most famous pieces of 86:Archibald Constable and Company (UK) 8372:Dracula 4: The Shadow of the Dragon 6792:The Legend of the 7 Golden Vampires 6213: 6180:. London. 29 June 1897. p. 80. 6160:. London. 12 June 1897. p. 11. 6098:. London. 31 July 1897. p. 98. 5151:Demetrakopoulos, Stephanie (1977). 4246:. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. 3374: 3038:"When Horror Is the Truth-teller", 1461: 398:Harkers have a son, named Quincey. 13: 9154:Novels adapted into radio programs 8083:Dracula – Entre l'amour et la mort 7418:Van Helsing: The London Assignment 7322:Nocturna: Granddaughter of Dracula 6200:. New York City. 19 November 1899. 6129:. London. 3 July 1897. p. 21. 6078:. London. 30 May 1897. p. 80. 4763:. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan. 4516:The Natural History of the Vampire 663: 14: 9210: 8497:Perfect Selection: Dracula Battle 8348:Dracula 3: The Path of the Dragon 6932:Hotel Transylvania: Transformania 6308: 6140:. London. 3 June 1897. p. 6. 6109:. London. 1 June 1897. p. 3. 5693:"The Narrative Method of Dracula" 4828:Stoker, Dacre; Holt, Ian (2009). 4519:. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. 2460:Eighteen-Bisang & Miller 2008 2448:Eighteen-Bisang & Miller 2008 2436:Eighteen-Bisang & Miller 2008 2424:Eighteen-Bisang & Miller 2008 2385:Eighteen-Bisang & Miller 2008 2358:Eighteen-Bisang & Miller 2008 2334:Eighteen-Bisang & Miller 2008 2144:Eighteen-Bisang & Miller 2008 1885:Eighteen-Bisang & Miller 2008 9063:William Thomson (brother-in-law) 8783: 8782: 8766:Bibliography of works on Dracula 8744:Transylvanian Society of Dracula 8739:Count Dracula in popular culture 7969:Young Dracula and Young Monsters 7330:Dracula: Sovereign of the Damned 7039:The Halloween That Almost Wasn't 6752:Dracula Has Risen from the Grave 6341: 6266:Rubery, Matthew (2 March 2011). 6205:"The Insanity of the Horrible". 6067:. London: 150–151. 31 July 1897. 5485:Dictionary of Literary Biography 5429:Victorian Literature and Culture 4390:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 3898:. University of Michigan Press. 3800:Lycanthropy in German Literature 3448: 3436: 3424: 3412: 3305: 3027: 1846: 1837: 1828: 1819: 1806: 1793: 1780: 1677:Dictionary of Literary Biography 1410:Count Dracula in popular culture 1105: 1094: 951:and antisemitic laws elsewhere. 724:, while he was actively writing 624:", has been seen as evidence of 9144:LGBTQ-related horror literature 9129:Irish novels adapted into plays 9124:Irish novels adapted into films 8847: 7861: 7354:Sundown: The Vampire in Retreat 6338:, text version of 1897 edition. 6287:Sommerlad, Joe (13 July 2017). 5134:Dearden, Lizzie (20 May 2014). 4966:"How the Vampire Got His Fangs" 4367:. Basingston: Macmillan Press. 4359:Mulvey-Roberts, Marie (1998). " 4344:. Basingston: Macmillan Press. 4325:. Basingston: Macmillan Press. 4302:. Basingston: Macmillan Press. 3831:. Cambridge, MA: Polity Press. 3781: 1770: 1761: 1748: 1731: 1722: 1713: 1700: 1683: 1668: 849: 735:. Stoker likely found the name 8396:Renfield: Bring Your Own Blood 8364:Vampire Season Monster Defense 7801:Hotel Transylvania: The Series 7731:Hotel Transylvania: The Series 7593: 7562:The Last Voyage of the Demeter 6156:"Untitled review of Dracula". 6103:"Untitled review of Dracula". 6083:"Untitled review of Dracula". 5872:Stevenson, John Allen (1988). 5765:Signorotti, Elizabeth (1996). 5598:10.1080/00064246.2005.11413319 5550:Comparative Literature Studies 5088:Croley, Laura Sagolla (1995). 4983:ESC: English Studies in Canada 4964:Cengel, Katya (October 2020). 4850:Journal and newspaper articles 2557:Davison, "Blood Brothers" 1997 1655: 1646: 1403: 760: 676: 1: 8324:Dracula 2: The Last Sanctuary 8129:X-Men: Apocalypse vs. Dracula 7474:Bram Stoker's Dracula's Guest 7458:Bram Stoker's Dracula's Curse 7194:Santo en el tesoro de Drácula 6246:Buzwell, Greg (14 May 2014). 6174:"Books to Read, and Others". 6053:Contemporary critical reviews 5798:Spencer, Kathleen L. (1992). 5580:; Winks, Christopher (2005). 4666:A New Companion to the Gothic 4623:A New Companion to the Gothic 4498:. Vol. 1. Arkham House. 4269:Houston, Gail Turley (2005). 3913:Browning, John Edgar (2012). 1859: 1045:sexually-transmitted diseases 812:has never been out of print. 800:, placing the novel into the 769:1899 first American edition, 468: 411:As the acting manager of the 401: 351:Professor Abraham Van Helsing 275:. The novel, which is in the 249:(1859). In the past century, 8726:Lugosi v. Universal Pictures 7178:Billy the Kid Versus Dracula 6784:The Satanic Rites of Dracula 6413: 6185:"Supped Full with Horrors". 5946:Tomaszweska, Monika (2004). 4907:10.1093/notesj/CCXXII.jan.39 4669:. Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell. 4616:. New York: Parkstone Press. 4597:. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. 4572:McNally, Raymond T. (1983). 4567:. New York: Hawthorne Books. 4243:Bram Stoker: A Literary Life 2545:Davison, 'Introduction' 1997 2489:Davison, 'Introduction' 1997 1816:was first published in 1972. 1661:Although published in 1898, 1582: 1191: 1059: 885:performance of their genders 696:Rosenbach Museum and Library 7: 9149:Novels adapted into ballets 8714: 8490:Iubilaeum Anno Dracula 2001 8380:Dracula 5: The Blood Legacy 7079:Dracula: Dead and Loving It 6744:Dracula: Prince of Darkness 6351:public domain audiobook at 6233:Escher, Kat (19 May 2017). 6226: 5921:Tchaprazov, Stoyan (2015). 5300:Ingelbien, Raphaël (2003). 5234:Halberstam, Judith (1993). 5051:Craft, Christopher (1984). 4757:Stephanou, Aspasia (2014). 4736:Spooner, Catherine (2006). 4700:. New York: Stein and Day. 3828:Modernity and the Holocaust 3467:McNally & Florescu 1994 2370:McNally & Florescu 1973 2016:McNally & Florescu 1994 1465: The Death of Dracula 565:Dracula: Sense and Nonsense 10: 9215: 8952:The Lair of the White Worm 8067:Dracula: A Chamber Musical 7274:Count Dracula's Great Love 6760:Taste the Blood of Dracula 6359:Journal of Dracula Studies 6072:"A Romance of Vampirism". 5955:Journal of Dracula Studies 5697:Nineteenth-Century Fiction 5578:Retamar, Roberto Fernández 5498:Miller, Elizabeth (1999). 5423:Kuzmanovic, Dejan (2009). 5347:The Modern Language Review 5267:Hensley, Wayne E. (2002). 4856:Arata, Stephen D. (1990). 4715:Showalter, Elaine (1991). 4612:Miller, Elizabeth (2001). 4540:. Toronto: Dundurn Press. 4448:. Toronto: Dundurn Press. 4187:. London: Michael Joseph. 4096:. Toronto: Dundurn Press. 4067:. Toronto: Dundurn Press. 3865:Beresford, Mathew (2008). 3850:. London: Hachette Books. 3116:Hogle, 'Introduction' 2002 1608:'s existence—for example, 1503:as the title character in 1407: 1029: 461:, saying that—besides his 44:Cover of the first edition 18: 9104:Constable & Co. books 9099:19th-century Irish novels 9058:Thornley Stoker (brother) 9045: 9006: 8962: 8855: 8778: 8720: 8709: 8675: 8630: 8579: 8575: 8564: 8538: 8520: 8467: 8449: 8406: 8216: 8101: 8049: 8014: 7995: 7871: 7867: 7856: 7757: 7603: 7599: 7588: 7186:Blood of Dracula's Castle 7138:The Return of the Vampire 7121: 6942: 6893: 6839: 6802: 6717: 6646: 6642: 6636: 6631: 6592: 6566: 6484: 6423: 6419: 6408: 6274:. Oxford University Press 6191:. June 1899. p. 261. 6094:"Book Reviews Reviewed". 5544:Nandris, Grigore (1966). 5442:10.1017/S1060150309090263 5382:Keogh, Calvin W. (2014). 5273:Literature/Film Quarterly 5192:Fitts, Alexandra (1998). 4576:. New York: McGraw-Hill. 4513:Masters, Anthony (1972). 4216:. Duke University Press. 3300:Publisher's Circular 1897 1561:Roberto Fernández Retamar 1398: 987:The novel's depiction of 956:are compared to those of 698:in Philadelphia in 1970. 642:instead of Transylvania. 406: 131: 117: 109: 101: 91: 81: 67: 59: 49: 37: 16:1897 novel by Bram Stoker 9053:Florence Balcombe (wife) 8920:The Jewel of Seven Stars 7538:Dracula: The Dark Prince 7242:Dracula vs. Frankenstein 7210:Los Monstruos del Terror 7007:Dracula in the Provinces 6075:Lloyd's Weekly Newspaper 5650:Schaffer, Talia (1994). 5044:10.5325/style.46.3-4.378 5018:Clasen, Mathias (2012). 4977:Chevalier, Noel (2002). 4384:Hughes, William (2000). 3846:Belford, Barbra (2002). 3825:Bauman, Zygmunt (1991). 3786: 3673:Browning and Picart 2011 3661:Retamar & Winks 2005 3606:Browning and Picart 2011 3324:The Daily Telegraph 1897 2680:Auerbach & Skal 1997 1639: 1373:Lloyd's Weekly Newspaper 1085: 1054: 189:. A small group, led by 25:Dracula (disambiguation) 9184:Transylvania in fiction 8963:Short story collections 8612:Dracula (Marvel Comics) 8529:Love Song for a Vampire 8116:Dracula (Marvel Comics) 7835:Treehouse of Horror XXI 7767:Mystery and Imagination 7047:Fracchia contro Dracula 6670:(1931 Spanish-language) 6662:(1931 English-language) 6219:The Manchester Guardian 6002:Willis, Martin (2007). 5845:Irish University Review 5839:Stewart, Bruce (1999). 5732:Senf, Carol A. (1982). 4786:Stuart, Roxana (1994). 4697:The Truth About Dracula 4694:Ronay, Gabriel (1972). 4181:Farson, Daniel (1975). 3808:10.1057/9781137541635_5 3407:San Francisco Wave 1899 3252:The Glasgow Herald 1897 2131:The Book of Were-Wolves 1557:Caroline Joan S. Picart 1314:The Manchester Guardian 1289:. An Australian paper, 918: 897:Norton Critical Edition 790:Doubleday & McClure 771:Doubleday & McClure 692:Charles Scribner's Sons 553:The Book of Were-Wolves 282: 8944:The Lady of the Shroud 8912:The Mystery of the Sea 8888:The Shoulder of Shasta 8332:Dracula: Crazy Vampire 7921:The Revenge of Dracula 7828:Treehouse of Horror IV 7450:The Batman vs. Dracula 6207:The San Francisco Wave 6035:Zanger, Jules (1991). 5341:Kane, Michael (1997). 4654:: CS1 maint: others ( 4471:Ludlam, Harry (1962). 4413:Kord, Susanne (2009). 4240:Hopkins, Lisa (2007). 4210:Glover, David (1996). 2518:Stoker & Holt 2009 1575:—to be a part of the " 1565:Frankenstein's monster 1510: 1440:Dracula, or The Undead 1431: 1333:, had more restraint. 1209: 883:sexuality through the 774: 755:psychical investigator 673: 494:University of Budapest 481: 442:The Shoulder of Shasta 201:Transylvanian folklore 161:novel by Irish author 23:. For other uses, see 9194:Novels set in castles 9174:Novels set in Romania 9164:Novels set in Hungary 9159:Novels by Bram Stoker 8431:Bram Stoker's Dracula 8316:Dracula: Resurrection 8299:Bram Stoker's Dracula 8291:Bram Stoker's Dracula 8151:Dracula (Dell Comics) 7490:House of the Wolf Man 7362:Bram Stoker's Dracula 7266:Bram Stoker's Dracula 7258:Scream Blacula Scream 7162:The Return of Dracula 6967:Batman Fights Dracula 6875:Shadow of the Vampire 6859:Nosferatu the Vampyre 6821:Dracula II: Ascension 6736:The Brides of Dracula 6691:House of Frankenstein 6567:Possible inspirations 6272:Oxford Bibliographies 5941:– via ProQuest. 5668:10.1353/elh.1994.0019 5643:10.1386/host.1.1.25/1 5318:10.1353/elh.2004.0005 4995:10.1353/esc.2002.0017 4931:Case, Alison (1993). 3919:. Apocryphile Press. 3794:Arnds, Peter (2015). 3395:New-York Tribune 1899 3387:Land of Sunshine 1899 3363:Vanity Fair (UK) 1897 1538:Bram Stoker's Dracula 1499: 1417: 1408:Further information: 1275:The Castle of Otranto 1196: 859:Academic analyses of 768: 671: 578:is a response to the 492:, a professor at the 476: 445:(1895) and preceding 9179:Novels set in Whitby 9169:Novels set in London 9020:A Glimpse of America 8631:Relatives of Dracula 8580:Alternative versions 8185:Batman & Dracula 8075:Dracula, the Musical 7953:The Book of Renfield 7905:The Bloody Red Baron 7570:Dracula: A Love Tale 6975:Mad Mad Mad Monsters 6916:Hotel Transylvania 2 6188:The Land of Sunshine 6134:"Books of the Day". 6008:Studies in the Novel 5691:Seed, David (1985). 4970:Smithsonian Magazine 4023:Curran, Bob (2005). 3871:. London: Reaktion. 3288:Saturday Review 1897 2668:Demetrakopoulos 1977 1814:In Search of Dracula 1665:was written in 1890. 1635:Notes and references 1543:Francis Ford Coppola 1541:(1992), directed by 1385:In Search of Dracula 1115:Colorized stills of 1013:, the rise of other 855:Gender and sexuality 819:was translated into 650:University of Ulster 510:In Search of Dracula 301:Carpathian Mountains 9199:Irish horror novels 9139:Invasion literature 9119:Irish Gothic novels 8570:Original characters 8458:The Fury of Dracula 8122:The Tomb of Dracula 7912:Dracula Cha Cha Cha 7819:Treehouse of Horror 7652:Dracula: The Series 7146:Drakula İstanbul'da 7055:Transylvania 6-5000 6951:Transylvania 6-5000 6867:Nosferatu in Venice 6829:Dracula III: Legacy 6544:Dracula the Un-dead 6436:Abraham Van Helsing 6268:"Sensation Fiction" 6252:The British Library 6137:The Daily Telegraph 6123:"Review: Dracula". 5510:(2 (38)): 187–196. 5229:. pp. 608–612. 4924:The Daily Telegraph 4831:Dracula The Un-Dead 4739:Contemporary Gothic 3391:The Advertiser 1898 3336:The Advertiser 1898 3276:The Bookseller 1897 3228:The Daily Mail 1897 3218:, pp. 239–240. 3202:, pp. 195–196. 2964:, pp. 302–304. 2559:, pp. 147–148. 2520:, pp. 312–313. 2091:Mulvey-Roberts 1998 1604:as a result of the 1368:The Daily Telegraph 1342:John Edgar Browning 1267:The Daily Telegraph 928:invasion literature 876:for homosexuality. 825:Valdimar Ásmundsson 537:Dracula Was A Woman 518:Abraham Van Helsing 458:The Daily Telegraph 305:three vampire women 191:Abraham Van Helsing 34: 8275:Dracula the Undead 8200:Wolves at the Gate 7937:Dracula the Undead 7031:Love at First Bite 6959:Mad Monster Party? 6908:Hotel Transylvania 6675:Dracula's Daughter 6501:Powers of Darkness 6148:The Glasgow Herald 5400:10.1017/pli.2014.8 4742:. Reaktion Books. 2348:, pp. 99–100. 2134:Bathory sections." 1936:Belford & 2002 1611:Varney the Vampire 1511: 1432: 1324:San Francisco Wave 1233:The Woman in White 1222:Upon publication, 834:Powers of Darkness 775: 757:called Singleton. 674: 535:Raymond McNally's 502:Raymond T. McNally 482: 265:English literature 246:The Woman in White 32: 9114:Epistolary novels 9076: 9075: 9068:Bram Stoker Award 8880:The Watter's Mou' 8864:The Primrose Path 8815: 8814: 8774: 8773: 8705: 8704: 8701: 8700: 8560: 8559: 8556: 8555: 8547:Son of the Dragon 8308:Dracula Unleashed 7852: 7851: 7848: 7847: 7844: 7843: 7776:Buffy vs. Dracula 7584: 7583: 7580: 7579: 7426:The Vulture's Eye 7063:The Monster Squad 6983:Blood for Dracula 6776:Dracula A.D. 1972 6627: 6626: 6623: 6622: 6562: 6561: 6476:Brides of Dracula 6335:Project Gutenberg 6215:"Review: Dracula" 6059:"Recent Novels". 5975:Midwest Quarterly 5738:Victorian Studies 5586:The Black Scholar 5240:Victorian Studies 4895:Notes and Queries 4862:Victorian Studies 4841:978-0-525-95129-2 4820:978-0-393-97012-8 4799:978-0-87972-660-7 4792:. Popular Press. 4749:978-1-86189-301-7 4728:978-0-14-011587-1 4676:978-1-4443-5492-8 4633:978-1-4443-5492-8 4547:978-1-55488-105-5 4484:978-0-572-00217-6 4455:978-1-55488-105-5 4426:978-0-521-51977-9 4397:978-1-349-40967-9 4374:978-1-349-26840-5 4351:978-1-349-26840-5 4332:978-1-349-26840-5 4309:978-1-349-26840-5 4253:978-1-4039-4647-8 4223:978-0-8223-1798-2 4163:978-0-7864-5186-9 4134:978-0-7864-5186-9 4103:978-1-55488-105-5 4074:978-1-55488-105-5 4005:978-0-7864-3365-0 3976:978-0-7864-3365-0 3947:978-0-7864-3365-0 3926:978-1-937002-21-3 3878:978-1-86189-742-8 3838:978-0-745-63809-6 3817:978-1-137-54163-5 3042:, October 2, 2023 2093:, pp. 83–84. 2081:, pp. 46–47. 1520:a 1931 adaptation 1425:in the 1931 film 976:George du Maurier 794:Universal Studios 541:Elizabeth Báthory 423:. In a letter to 375:sacramental bread 217:Elizabeth Báthory 147: 146: 102:Publication place 9206: 9189:Victorian novels 9035:Famous Impostors 8971:Under the Sunset 8872:The Snake's Pass 8842: 8835: 8828: 8819: 8818: 8786: 8785: 8711: 8710: 8647:Vampire Hunter D 8577: 8576: 8566: 8565: 8283:Drac's Night Out 8193:Victorian Undead 8178:Sword of Dracula 7880:The Dracula Tape 7869: 7868: 7858: 7857: 7810: 7809: 7601: 7600: 7590: 7589: 7522:Saint Dracula 3D 7218:Cuadecuc, vampir 7154:Blood of Dracula 7103:Zora the Vampire 6768:Scars of Dracula 6699:House of Dracula 6644: 6643: 6633: 6632: 6584:Vlad the Impaler 6531: 6530: 6421: 6420: 6410: 6409: 6389: 6382: 6375: 6366: 6365: 6345: 6344: 6337: 6303: 6301: 6299: 6283: 6281: 6279: 6262: 6260: 6258: 6242: 6222: 6210: 6201: 6192: 6181: 6170: 6161: 6152: 6141: 6130: 6119: 6110: 6099: 6090: 6079: 6068: 6048: 6031: 5998: 5993:. 13 June 2015. 5982: 5969: 5967: 5952: 5942: 5917: 5868: 5835: 5794: 5761: 5728: 5687: 5646: 5625: 5573: 5540: 5527: 5492: 5479: 5470: 5444: 5419: 5378: 5337: 5312:(4): 1089–1105. 5296: 5263: 5230: 5221: 5198:Letras Femeninas 5188: 5147: 5130: 5117: 5084: 5047: 5030:(3–4): 378–398. 5014: 4973: 4960: 4927: 4918: 4885: 4845: 4824: 4803: 4782: 4753: 4732: 4711: 4688: 4659: 4653: 4645: 4617: 4608: 4587: 4568: 4559: 4530: 4509: 4495:Selected Letters 4488: 4467: 4438: 4409: 4378: 4355: 4336: 4313: 4294: 4265: 4236: 4227: 4206: 4175: 4146: 4115: 4086: 4057: 4038: 4027:. Career Press. 4017: 3988: 3959: 3930: 3909: 3890: 3861: 3842: 3821: 3775: 3769: 3763: 3757: 3751: 3745: 3739: 3733: 3727: 3721: 3715: 3709: 3703: 3697: 3691: 3685: 3676: 3670: 3664: 3658: 3652: 3646: 3640: 3634: 3628: 3615: 3609: 3603: 3592: 3586: 3577: 3571: 3560: 3554: 3548: 3542: 3533: 3527: 3521: 3515: 3509: 3503: 3494: 3488: 3482: 3476: 3470: 3464: 3458: 3452: 3446: 3440: 3434: 3428: 3422: 3416: 3410: 3404: 3398: 3384: 3378: 3372: 3366: 3360: 3351: 3345: 3339: 3333: 3327: 3321: 3315: 3309: 3303: 3297: 3291: 3285: 3279: 3273: 3267: 3261: 3255: 3248:The Academy 1897 3237: 3231: 3225: 3219: 3214:, p. 1089; 3209: 3203: 3197: 3191: 3185: 3179: 3173: 3167: 3161: 3155: 3149: 3143: 3137: 3131: 3125: 3119: 3113: 3107: 3101: 3095: 3089: 3083: 3077: 3068: 3062: 3056: 3050: 3044: 3031: 3025: 3019: 3013: 3007: 3001: 2995: 2989: 2983: 2977: 2971: 2965: 2959: 2953: 2950:Tomaszweska 2004 2947: 2941: 2935: 2929: 2923: 2917: 2911: 2905: 2899: 2890: 2884: 2878: 2872: 2866: 2860: 2854: 2848: 2842: 2836: 2830: 2824: 2818: 2812: 2806: 2800: 2794: 2788: 2782: 2776: 2770: 2764: 2758: 2752: 2746: 2740: 2734: 2728: 2722: 2716: 2710: 2704: 2695: 2689: 2683: 2677: 2671: 2665: 2659: 2653: 2647: 2641: 2632: 2626: 2620: 2614: 2608: 2602: 2596: 2590: 2584: 2578: 2572: 2566: 2560: 2554: 2548: 2542: 2533: 2527: 2521: 2515: 2509: 2503: 2492: 2486: 2475: 2469: 2463: 2457: 2451: 2445: 2439: 2433: 2427: 2421: 2415: 2409: 2403: 2397: 2388: 2382: 2373: 2367: 2361: 2355: 2349: 2343: 2337: 2327: 2321: 2315: 2309: 2303: 2297: 2291: 2285: 2279: 2273: 2267: 2261: 2255: 2246: 2240: 2234: 2228: 2222: 2216: 2210: 2204: 2198: 2192: 2186: 2180: 2174: 2168: 2159: 2153: 2147: 2141: 2135: 2124: 2118: 2112: 2106: 2100: 2094: 2088: 2082: 2076: 2070: 2064: 2058: 2052: 2046: 2040: 2031: 2025: 2019: 2013: 2007: 2001: 1992: 1986: 1980: 1977: 1969: 1963: 1957: 1951: 1945: 1939: 1933: 1927: 1921: 1915: 1909: 1903: 1897: 1888: 1882: 1876: 1870: 1853: 1850: 1844: 1841: 1835: 1832: 1826: 1823: 1817: 1810: 1804: 1797: 1791: 1784: 1778: 1774: 1768: 1765: 1759: 1752: 1746: 1735: 1729: 1726: 1720: 1717: 1711: 1704: 1698: 1687: 1681: 1672: 1666: 1659: 1653: 1650: 1545:and costumed by 1535:'s portrayal in 1466: 1463: 1382: 1358: 1284: 1271: 1218: 1182:Eastern Question 1117:Edward Van Sloan 1109: 1098: 1066:epistolary novel 936: 865:cottage industry 827:under the title 806:Charlotte Stoker 787: 685: 637: 630: 619: 584:Sheridan Le Fanu 526:Elizabeth Miller 433:sensation novels 215:or the Countess 213:Vlad the Impaler 167:epistolary novel 121: 93:Publication date 42: 35: 31: 9214: 9213: 9209: 9208: 9207: 9205: 9204: 9203: 9079: 9078: 9077: 9072: 9041: 9002: 8995:Dracula's Guest 8958: 8851: 8846: 8816: 8811: 8770: 8761:Dracula tourism 8756:Dracula Society 8716: 8697: 8688:Count von Count 8671: 8667:Shiklah Dracula 8626: 8581: 8571: 8552: 8534: 8516: 8463: 8445: 8402: 8356:Dracula: Origin 8212: 8097: 8060:(Czech musical) 8045: 8010: 7991: 7985:Out of the Dark 7893:(1992–present) 7863: 7840: 7808: 7753: 7595: 7576: 7338:Dracula's Widow 7226:Vampyros Lesbos 7117: 7015:Dracula and Son 6938: 6897: 6889: 6835: 6798: 6713: 6649: 6638: 6619: 6588: 6558: 6529: 6516:Dracula's Guest 6480: 6461:Dr. John Seward 6456:Arthur Holmwood 6441:Jonathan Harker 6415: 6404: 6393: 6342: 6327: 6321:Standard Ebooks 6311: 6306: 6297: 6295: 6293:The Independent 6277: 6275: 6256: 6254: 6237:. Smithsonian. 6229: 6055: 5965: 5950: 5816:10.2307/2873424 5709:10.2307/3044836 5533:New Left Review 5359:10.2307/3734681 5169:10.2307/3346355 5140:The Independent 5123:History Ireland 5065:10.2307/2928560 5057:Representations 4852: 4842: 4821: 4813:. W.W. Norton. 4800: 4771: 4750: 4729: 4708: 4677: 4647: 4646: 4634: 4605: 4584: 4548: 4527: 4506: 4485: 4477:. W. Foulsham. 4456: 4427: 4398: 4375: 4352: 4333: 4310: 4283: 4254: 4224: 4195: 4164: 4135: 4104: 4075: 4054: 4035: 4006: 3977: 3948: 3927: 3906: 3879: 3858: 3839: 3818: 3789: 3784: 3779: 3778: 3770: 3766: 3758: 3754: 3746: 3742: 3734: 3730: 3722: 3718: 3710: 3706: 3698: 3694: 3686: 3679: 3671: 3667: 3659: 3655: 3647: 3643: 3635: 3631: 3616: 3612: 3604: 3595: 3587: 3580: 3572: 3563: 3555: 3551: 3543: 3536: 3528: 3524: 3516: 3512: 3504: 3497: 3489: 3485: 3477: 3473: 3465: 3461: 3453: 3449: 3441: 3437: 3429: 3425: 3417: 3413: 3405: 3401: 3389:, p. 261; 3385: 3381: 3373: 3369: 3361: 3354: 3346: 3342: 3334: 3330: 3322: 3318: 3310: 3306: 3298: 3294: 3286: 3282: 3274: 3270: 3262: 3258: 3238: 3234: 3226: 3222: 3210: 3206: 3198: 3194: 3186: 3182: 3174: 3170: 3162: 3158: 3150: 3146: 3138: 3134: 3126: 3122: 3114: 3110: 3102: 3098: 3090: 3086: 3078: 3071: 3063: 3059: 3051: 3047: 3032: 3028: 3020: 3016: 3008: 3004: 2996: 2992: 2986:Halberstam 1993 2984: 2980: 2974:Halberstam 1993 2972: 2968: 2960: 2956: 2948: 2944: 2936: 2932: 2924: 2920: 2912: 2908: 2900: 2893: 2887:Tchaprazov 2015 2885: 2881: 2873: 2869: 2861: 2857: 2849: 2845: 2839:Tchaprazov 2015 2837: 2833: 2827:Halberstam 1993 2825: 2821: 2813: 2809: 2803:Halberstam 1993 2801: 2797: 2789: 2785: 2777: 2773: 2765: 2761: 2753: 2749: 2741: 2737: 2729: 2725: 2717: 2713: 2705: 2698: 2690: 2686: 2678: 2674: 2666: 2662: 2654: 2650: 2642: 2635: 2627: 2623: 2615: 2611: 2603: 2599: 2593:Kuzmanovic 2009 2591: 2587: 2579: 2575: 2567: 2563: 2555: 2551: 2543: 2536: 2528: 2524: 2516: 2512: 2504: 2495: 2487: 2478: 2470: 2466: 2458: 2454: 2446: 2442: 2434: 2430: 2422: 2418: 2410: 2406: 2398: 2391: 2383: 2376: 2368: 2364: 2356: 2352: 2344: 2340: 2332:, p. 255; 2328: 2324: 2316: 2312: 2304: 2300: 2292: 2288: 2280: 2276: 2268: 2264: 2256: 2249: 2241: 2237: 2229: 2225: 2217: 2213: 2205: 2201: 2193: 2189: 2183:Signorotti 1996 2181: 2177: 2169: 2162: 2154: 2150: 2142: 2138: 2125: 2121: 2113: 2109: 2101: 2097: 2089: 2085: 2077: 2073: 2065: 2061: 2053: 2049: 2041: 2034: 2026: 2022: 2014: 2010: 2002: 1995: 1987: 1983: 1975: 1970: 1966: 1958: 1954: 1946: 1942: 1934: 1930: 1922: 1918: 1910: 1906: 1898: 1891: 1883: 1879: 1871: 1867: 1862: 1857: 1856: 1851: 1847: 1842: 1838: 1833: 1829: 1824: 1820: 1811: 1807: 1798: 1794: 1785: 1781: 1775: 1771: 1766: 1762: 1753: 1749: 1739:Jack the Ripper 1736: 1732: 1727: 1723: 1718: 1714: 1705: 1701: 1688: 1684: 1673: 1669: 1660: 1656: 1651: 1647: 1642: 1637: 1620:Patrick McGrath 1616:special effects 1585: 1524:Christopher Lee 1501:Christopher Lee 1464: 1412: 1406: 1401: 1380: 1356: 1297:impressionistic 1287:Hampstead Heath 1282: 1269: 1220: 1211: 1194: 1137: 1136: 1135: 1134: 1112: 1111: 1110: 1101: 1100: 1099: 1088: 1062: 1057: 1047:, specifically 1032: 962:Charles Dickens 953:Jack Halberstam 934: 921: 857: 852: 785: 763: 700:H. P. Lovecraft 683: 679: 666: 664:Textual history 635: 628: 622:Dracula's Guest 617: 580:lesbian vampire 471: 409: 404: 343:Arthur Holmwood 335:Dr. John Seward 285: 171:Jonathan Harker 94: 45: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 9212: 9202: 9201: 9196: 9191: 9186: 9181: 9176: 9171: 9166: 9161: 9156: 9151: 9146: 9141: 9136: 9131: 9126: 9121: 9116: 9111: 9109:Dracula novels 9106: 9101: 9096: 9091: 9074: 9073: 9071: 9070: 9065: 9060: 9055: 9049: 9047: 9043: 9042: 9040: 9039: 9031: 9023: 9017: 9010: 9008: 9004: 9003: 9001: 9000: 8999: 8998: 8983: 8975: 8966: 8964: 8960: 8959: 8957: 8956: 8948: 8940: 8932: 8924: 8916: 8908: 8900: 8892: 8884: 8876: 8868: 8859: 8857: 8853: 8852: 8845: 8844: 8837: 8830: 8822: 8813: 8812: 8810: 8809: 8797: 8779: 8776: 8775: 8772: 8771: 8769: 8768: 8763: 8758: 8753: 8746: 8741: 8736: 8729: 8721: 8718: 8717: 8707: 8706: 8703: 8702: 8699: 8698: 8696: 8695: 8690: 8685: 8679: 8677: 8673: 8672: 8670: 8669: 8664: 8662:Lilith Dracula 8659: 8654: 8649: 8644: 8634: 8632: 8628: 8627: 8625: 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7839: 7838: 7831: 7823: 7821: 7807: 7806: 7797: 7792:Penny Dreadful 7788: 7779: 7772: 7761: 7759: 7755: 7754: 7752: 7751: 7743: 7735: 7727: 7719: 7711: 7707:Penny Dreadful 7703: 7695: 7694: 7693: 7680: 7672: 7664: 7660:Little Dracula 7656: 7648: 7640: 7632: 7624: 7616: 7607: 7605: 7597: 7596: 7586: 7585: 7582: 7581: 7578: 7577: 7575: 7574: 7566: 7558: 7550: 7546:Dracula Untold 7542: 7534: 7526: 7518: 7510: 7506:Dracula Reborn 7502: 7494: 7486: 7478: 7470: 7462: 7454: 7446: 7442:Blade: Trinity 7438: 7430: 7422: 7414: 7406: 7398: 7390: 7382: 7374: 7366: 7358: 7350: 7342: 7334: 7326: 7318: 7310: 7306:Doctor Dracula 7302: 7294: 7286: 7278: 7270: 7262: 7254: 7246: 7238: 7230: 7222: 7214: 7206: 7198: 7190: 7182: 7174: 7170:Batman Dracula 7166: 7158: 7150: 7142: 7134: 7130:Drakula halála 7125: 7123: 7119: 7118: 7116: 7115: 7111:Monster Family 7107: 7099: 7091: 7083: 7075: 7067: 7059: 7051: 7043: 7035: 7027: 7019: 7011: 7003: 6999:Son of Dracula 6995: 6987: 6979: 6971: 6963: 6955: 6946: 6944: 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6162: 6153: 6142: 6131: 6120: 6111: 6106:The Daily Mail 6100: 6091: 6080: 6069: 6054: 6051: 6050: 6049: 6032: 6014:(3): 301–325. 5999: 5983: 5970: 5943: 5918: 5890:10.2307/462430 5884:(2): 139–149. 5869: 5851:(2): 238–255. 5836: 5810:(1): 197–225. 5795: 5777:(4): 607–632. 5762: 5729: 5688: 5662:(2): 381–425. 5647: 5631:Horror Studies 5626: 5574: 5556:(4): 367–396. 5541: 5528: 5495: 5494: 5493: 5476:The Borgo Post 5471: 5435:(2): 411–425. 5420: 5394:(2): 189–206. 5379: 5338: 5297: 5264: 5246:(3): 333–352. 5231: 5222: 5204:(1/2): 23–35. 5189: 5163:(3): 104–113. 5148: 5131: 5118: 5085: 5059:(8): 107–133. 5048: 5015: 4989:(4): 749–751. 4974: 4961: 4943:(3): 223–243. 4928: 4919: 4901:(jan): 39–41. 4886: 4868:(4): 621–645. 4851: 4848: 4847: 4846: 4840: 4825: 4819: 4804: 4798: 4783: 4769: 4754: 4748: 4733: 4727: 4712: 4706: 4691: 4690: 4689: 4675: 4632: 4618: 4609: 4603: 4588: 4582: 4569: 4560: 4546: 4531: 4525: 4510: 4504: 4489: 4483: 4468: 4454: 4439: 4425: 4410: 4396: 4381: 4380: 4379: 4373: 4356: 4350: 4337: 4331: 4308: 4295: 4281: 4266: 4252: 4237: 4228: 4222: 4207: 4193: 4178: 4177: 4176: 4162: 4133: 4118: 4117: 4116: 4102: 4073: 4058: 4052: 4039: 4033: 4020: 4019: 4018: 4004: 3989: 3975: 3946: 3931: 3925: 3910: 3904: 3891: 3877: 3862: 3856: 3843: 3837: 3822: 3816: 3790: 3788: 3785: 3783: 3780: 3777: 3776: 3774:, p. 198. 3764: 3762:, p. 197. 3752: 3740: 3738:, p. 157. 3728: 3726:, p. 152. 3716: 3714:, p. 608. 3704: 3702:, p. 139. 3700:Beresford 2008 3692: 3690:, p. 147. 3677: 3665: 3653: 3651:, p. 378. 3641: 3637:Sommerlad 2017 3629: 3610: 3593: 3578: 3561: 3549: 3534: 3522: 3520:, p. 193. 3510: 3495: 3493:, p. 208. 3483: 3471: 3469:, p. 162. 3459: 3447: 3435: 3423: 3411: 3399: 3379: 3367: 3352: 3340: 3328: 3316: 3304: 3302:, p. 131. 3292: 3280: 3278:, p. 816. 3268: 3256: 3250:, p. 98; 3246:, p. 80; 3232: 3220: 3212:Ingelbien 2003 3204: 3192: 3180: 3178:, p. 194. 3168: 3166:, p. 219. 3156: 3154:, p. 621. 3144: 3142:, p. 137. 3132: 3130:, p. 150. 3120: 3108: 3096: 3094:, p. 226. 3084: 3069: 3057: 3045: 3026: 3024:, p. 302. 3014: 3012:, p. 148. 3010:Stevenson 1988 3002: 3000:, p. 389. 2990: 2988:, p. 350. 2978: 2976:, p. 341. 2966: 2954: 2942: 2940:, p. 630. 2930: 2928:, p. 623. 2918: 2916:, p. 622. 2906: 2891: 2889:, p. 525. 2879: 2877:, p. 107. 2867: 2855: 2853:, p. 527. 2851:Tchaprazov2015 2843: 2841:, p. 524. 2831: 2829:, p. 338. 2819: 2817:, p. 337. 2807: 2805:, p. 337. 2795: 2783: 2771: 2759: 2747: 2735: 2723: 2721:, p. 405. 2719:Wasserman 1977 2711: 2709:, p. 180. 2707:Showalter 1991 2696: 2684: 2672: 2670:, p. 106. 2660: 2658:, p. 109. 2648: 2646:, p. 110. 2633: 2631:, p. 381. 2621: 2619:, p. 382. 2609: 2607:, p. 107. 2597: 2595:, p. 411. 2585: 2583:, p. 197. 2573: 2561: 2549: 2534: 2532:, p. 274. 2522: 2510: 2508:, p. 272. 2493: 2476: 2474:, p. 241. 2464: 2462:, p. 320. 2452: 2450:, p. 318. 2440: 2438:, p. 245. 2428: 2416: 2414:, p. 255. 2404: 2389: 2374: 2372:, p. 160. 2362: 2350: 2338: 2330:Lovecraft 1965 2322: 2310: 2308:, p. 152. 2298: 2286: 2274: 2262: 2247: 2235: 2223: 2221:, p. 144. 2211: 2199: 2187: 2185:, p. 607. 2175: 2173:, p. 379. 2160: 2158:, p. 749. 2156:Chevalier 2002 2148: 2146:, p. 131. 2136: 2119: 2115:Stephanou 2014 2107: 2095: 2083: 2071: 2059: 2047: 2045:, p. 362. 2032: 2020: 2008: 2006:, p. 360. 1993: 1981: 1964: 1952: 1950:, p. 277. 1940: 1938:, p. 363. 1928: 1916: 1904: 1902:, p. 269. 1889: 1877: 1864: 1863: 1861: 1858: 1855: 1854: 1845: 1836: 1827: 1818: 1805: 1792: 1779: 1769: 1760: 1756:Zygmunt Bauman 1747: 1730: 1721: 1712: 1699: 1682: 1667: 1654: 1644: 1643: 1641: 1638: 1636: 1633: 1584: 1581: 1457:Drakula halála 1452:Károly Lajthay 1405: 1402: 1400: 1397: 1363:The Daily Mail 1292:The Advertiser 1256:Brontë sisters 1238:The Bookseller 1228:Wilkie Collins 1214:The Daily Mail 1200:Mrs. Radcliffe 1198:It is said of 1195: 1193: 1190: 1186:Irish question 1174:British Empire 1144:Gothic fiction 1114: 1113: 1104: 1103: 1102: 1093: 1092: 1091: 1090: 1089: 1087: 1084: 1061: 1058: 1056: 1053: 1031: 1028: 1011:British Empire 920: 917: 856: 853: 851: 848: 839:Makt Myrkranna 829:Makt Myrkranna 762: 759: 678: 675: 665: 662: 646:Irish folklore 515: 470: 467: 413:Lyceum Theatre 408: 405: 403: 400: 339:Quincey Morris 284: 281: 273:vampire hunter 241:Wilkie Collins 145: 144: 133: 129: 128: 123: 115: 114: 111: 107: 106: 105:United Kingdom 103: 99: 98: 95: 92: 89: 88: 83: 79: 78: 69: 65: 64: 61: 57: 56: 51: 47: 46: 43: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9211: 9200: 9197: 9195: 9192: 9190: 9187: 9185: 9182: 9180: 9177: 9175: 9172: 9170: 9167: 9165: 9162: 9160: 9157: 9155: 9152: 9150: 9147: 9145: 9142: 9140: 9137: 9135: 9132: 9130: 9127: 9125: 9122: 9120: 9117: 9115: 9112: 9110: 9107: 9105: 9102: 9100: 9097: 9095: 9092: 9090: 9087: 9086: 9084: 9069: 9066: 9064: 9061: 9059: 9056: 9054: 9051: 9050: 9048: 9044: 9037: 9036: 9032: 9029: 9028: 9024: 9021: 9018: 9015: 9012: 9011: 9009: 9005: 8996: 8992: 8991: 8989: 8988: 8984: 8981: 8980: 8976: 8973: 8972: 8968: 8967: 8965: 8961: 8954: 8953: 8949: 8946: 8945: 8941: 8938: 8937: 8933: 8930: 8929: 8925: 8922: 8921: 8917: 8914: 8913: 8909: 8906: 8905: 8901: 8898: 8897: 8893: 8890: 8889: 8885: 8882: 8881: 8877: 8874: 8873: 8869: 8866: 8865: 8861: 8860: 8858: 8854: 8850: 8843: 8838: 8836: 8831: 8829: 8824: 8823: 8820: 8808: 8806: 8802: 8798: 8796: 8794: 8790: 8781: 8780: 8777: 8767: 8764: 8762: 8759: 8757: 8754: 8752: 8751: 8750:Dracula Daily 8747: 8745: 8742: 8740: 8737: 8735: 8734: 8730: 8728: 8727: 8723: 8722: 8719: 8712: 8708: 8694: 8693:Simon Belmont 8691: 8689: 8686: 8684: 8681: 8680: 8678: 8674: 8668: 8665: 8663: 8660: 8658: 8657:Janus Dracula 8655: 8653: 8650: 8648: 8645: 8643: 8641: 8636: 8635: 8633: 8629: 8623: 8620: 8618: 8615: 8613: 8610: 8608: 8606: 8601: 8599: 8598:Count Alucard 8596: 8594: 8592: 8587: 8586: 8584: 8578: 8574: 8567: 8563: 8549: 8548: 8544: 8543: 8541: 8537: 8530: 8526: 8525: 8523: 8519: 8513: 8512: 8508: 8506: 8505: 8501: 8499: 8498: 8494: 8492: 8491: 8487: 8485: 8484: 8480: 8478: 8477: 8473: 8472: 8470: 8466: 8460: 8459: 8455: 8454: 8452: 8448: 8441: 8440: 8436: 8433: 8432: 8428: 8425: 8424: 8420: 8417: 8416: 8412: 8411: 8409: 8405: 8398: 8397: 8393: 8390: 8389: 8385: 8382: 8381: 8377: 8374: 8373: 8369: 8366: 8365: 8361: 8358: 8357: 8353: 8350: 8349: 8345: 8342: 8341: 8337: 8334: 8333: 8329: 8326: 8325: 8321: 8318: 8317: 8313: 8310: 8309: 8305: 8302: 8300: 8296: 8293: 8292: 8288: 8285: 8284: 8280: 8277: 8276: 8272: 8269: 8268: 8264: 8260: 8257: 8254: 8253: 8252: 8250: 8246: 8243: 8242: 8238: 8235: 8234: 8230: 8227: 8226: 8222: 8221: 8219: 8215: 8209: 8208: 8204: 8202: 8201: 8197: 8195: 8194: 8190: 8188: 8186: 8182: 8180: 8179: 8175: 8173: 8172: 8168: 8166: 8165: 8161: 8159: 8158: 8154: 8152: 8149: 8145: 8144: 8140: 8138: 8137: 8133: 8131: 8130: 8126: 8124: 8123: 8119: 8118: 8117: 8114: 8112: 8111: 8107: 8106: 8104: 8100: 8093: 8092: 8088: 8085: 8084: 8080: 8077: 8076: 8072: 8069: 8068: 8064: 8061: 8059: 8055: 8054: 8052: 8048: 8041: 8040: 8036: 8033: 8032: 8028: 8025: 8024: 8020: 8019: 8017: 8013: 8006: 8005: 8001: 8000: 7998: 7994: 7987: 7986: 7982: 7979: 7978: 7974: 7971: 7970: 7966: 7963: 7962: 7958: 7955: 7954: 7950: 7947: 7946: 7945:The Historian 7942: 7939: 7938: 7934: 7931: 7930: 7926: 7923: 7922: 7918: 7914: 7913: 7909: 7907: 7906: 7902: 7900: 7899: 7895: 7894: 7892: 7890: 7886: 7883: 7881: 7877: 7876: 7874: 7870: 7866: 7859: 7855: 7836: 7832: 7829: 7825: 7824: 7822: 7820: 7817: 7816: 7811: 7804: 7802: 7798: 7795: 7793: 7789: 7786: 7784: 7783:Young Dracula 7780: 7777: 7773: 7770: 7768: 7763: 7762: 7760: 7756: 7749: 7748: 7744: 7741: 7740: 7736: 7733: 7732: 7728: 7725: 7724: 7720: 7717: 7716: 7712: 7709: 7708: 7704: 7701: 7700: 7696: 7692: 7689: 7688: 7686: 7685: 7684:Young Dracula 7681: 7678: 7677: 7673: 7670: 7669: 7668:Monster Force 7665: 7662: 7661: 7657: 7654: 7653: 7649: 7646: 7645: 7644:Count Duckula 7641: 7638: 7637: 7633: 7630: 7629: 7625: 7622: 7621: 7620:Draculas ring 7617: 7614: 7613: 7612:Monster Squad 7609: 7608: 7606: 7602: 7598: 7591: 7587: 7572: 7571: 7567: 7564: 7563: 7559: 7556: 7555: 7551: 7548: 7547: 7543: 7540: 7539: 7535: 7532: 7531: 7527: 7524: 7523: 7519: 7516: 7515: 7511: 7508: 7507: 7503: 7500: 7499: 7498:Young Dracula 7495: 7492: 7491: 7487: 7484: 7483: 7479: 7476: 7475: 7471: 7468: 7467: 7463: 7460: 7459: 7455: 7452: 7451: 7447: 7444: 7443: 7439: 7436: 7435: 7431: 7428: 7427: 7423: 7420: 7419: 7415: 7412: 7411: 7407: 7404: 7403: 7399: 7396: 7395: 7391: 7388: 7387: 7383: 7380: 7379: 7375: 7372: 7371: 7367: 7364: 7363: 7359: 7356: 7355: 7351: 7348: 7347: 7343: 7340: 7339: 7335: 7332: 7331: 7327: 7324: 7323: 7319: 7316: 7315: 7311: 7308: 7307: 7303: 7300: 7299: 7298:Count Dracula 7295: 7292: 7291: 7290:Dracula's Dog 7287: 7284: 7283: 7279: 7276: 7275: 7271: 7268: 7267: 7263: 7260: 7259: 7255: 7252: 7251: 7247: 7244: 7243: 7239: 7236: 7235: 7234:Hrabe Drakula 7231: 7228: 7227: 7223: 7220: 7219: 7215: 7212: 7211: 7207: 7204: 7203: 7202:Count Dracula 7199: 7196: 7195: 7191: 7188: 7187: 7183: 7180: 7179: 7175: 7172: 7171: 7167: 7164: 7163: 7159: 7156: 7155: 7151: 7148: 7147: 7143: 7140: 7139: 7135: 7132: 7131: 7127: 7126: 7124: 7120: 7113: 7112: 7108: 7105: 7104: 7100: 7097: 7096: 7092: 7089: 7088: 7084: 7081: 7080: 7076: 7073: 7072: 7068: 7065: 7064: 7060: 7057: 7056: 7052: 7049: 7048: 7044: 7041: 7040: 7036: 7033: 7032: 7028: 7025: 7024: 7023:Dracula Sucks 7020: 7017: 7016: 7012: 7009: 7008: 7004: 7001: 7000: 6996: 6993: 6992: 6988: 6985: 6984: 6980: 6977: 6976: 6972: 6969: 6968: 6964: 6961: 6960: 6956: 6953: 6952: 6948: 6947: 6945: 6941: 6934: 6933: 6929: 6926: 6925: 6921: 6918: 6917: 6913: 6910: 6909: 6905: 6904: 6902: 6900: 6899: 6898:Transylvania 6892: 6885: 6884: 6880: 6877: 6876: 6872: 6869: 6868: 6864: 6861: 6860: 6856: 6853: 6852: 6848: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6838: 6831: 6830: 6826: 6823: 6822: 6818: 6815: 6814: 6810: 6809: 6807: 6805: 6801: 6794: 6793: 6789: 6786: 6785: 6781: 6778: 6777: 6773: 6770: 6769: 6765: 6762: 6761: 6757: 6754: 6753: 6749: 6746: 6745: 6741: 6738: 6737: 6733: 6730: 6729: 6725: 6724: 6722: 6720: 6719:Hammer Horror 6716: 6709: 6708: 6704: 6701: 6700: 6696: 6693: 6692: 6688: 6685: 6684: 6680: 6677: 6676: 6672: 6669: 6668: 6664: 6661: 6660: 6656: 6655: 6653: 6651: 6645: 6641: 6634: 6630: 6616: 6615:Corvin Castle 6613: 6611: 6608: 6606: 6603: 6601: 6598: 6597: 6595: 6591: 6585: 6582: 6580: 6577: 6575: 6572: 6571: 6569: 6565: 6554: 6553: 6549: 6546: 6545: 6541: 6540: 6538: 6536: 6532: 6525: 6524: 6520: 6517: 6513: 6509: 6506: 6505: 6503: 6502: 6498: 6495: 6494: 6490: 6489: 6487: 6483: 6477: 6474: 6472: 6469: 6467: 6464: 6462: 6459: 6457: 6454: 6452: 6451:Lucy Westenra 6449: 6447: 6444: 6442: 6439: 6437: 6434: 6432: 6431:Count Dracula 6429: 6428: 6426: 6422: 6418: 6411: 6407: 6403: 6402: 6397: 6390: 6385: 6383: 6378: 6376: 6371: 6370: 6367: 6361: 6360: 6356: 6354: 6350: 6349: 6340: 6336: 6332: 6331: 6326: 6324: 6322: 6318: 6317: 6313: 6312: 6294: 6290: 6285: 6273: 6269: 6264: 6253: 6249: 6244: 6240: 6236: 6231: 6230: 6220: 6216: 6212: 6208: 6203: 6199: 6194: 6190: 6189: 6183: 6179: 6178: 6172: 6168: 6163: 6159: 6154: 6150: 6149: 6143: 6139: 6138: 6132: 6128: 6127: 6121: 6117: 6112: 6108: 6107: 6101: 6097: 6092: 6088: 6087: 6081: 6077: 6076: 6070: 6066: 6062: 6057: 6056: 6046: 6042: 6038: 6033: 6029: 6025: 6021: 6017: 6013: 6009: 6005: 6000: 5996: 5992: 5991:The Telegraph 5988: 5984: 5980: 5976: 5971: 5964: 5960: 5956: 5949: 5944: 5940: 5936: 5932: 5928: 5924: 5919: 5915: 5911: 5907: 5903: 5899: 5895: 5891: 5887: 5883: 5879: 5875: 5870: 5866: 5862: 5858: 5854: 5850: 5846: 5842: 5837: 5833: 5829: 5825: 5821: 5817: 5813: 5809: 5805: 5801: 5796: 5792: 5788: 5784: 5780: 5776: 5772: 5768: 5763: 5759: 5755: 5751: 5747: 5743: 5739: 5735: 5730: 5726: 5722: 5718: 5714: 5710: 5706: 5702: 5698: 5694: 5689: 5685: 5681: 5677: 5673: 5669: 5665: 5661: 5657: 5653: 5648: 5644: 5640: 5636: 5632: 5627: 5623: 5619: 5615: 5611: 5607: 5603: 5599: 5595: 5591: 5587: 5583: 5579: 5575: 5571: 5567: 5563: 5559: 5555: 5551: 5547: 5542: 5538: 5534: 5529: 5525: 5521: 5517: 5513: 5509: 5505: 5501: 5496: 5490: 5486: 5481: 5480: 5477: 5472: 5468: 5464: 5460: 5456: 5452: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5434: 5430: 5426: 5421: 5417: 5413: 5409: 5405: 5401: 5397: 5393: 5389: 5385: 5380: 5376: 5372: 5368: 5364: 5360: 5356: 5352: 5348: 5344: 5339: 5335: 5331: 5327: 5323: 5319: 5315: 5311: 5307: 5303: 5298: 5294: 5290: 5286: 5282: 5278: 5274: 5270: 5265: 5261: 5257: 5253: 5249: 5245: 5241: 5237: 5232: 5228: 5223: 5219: 5215: 5211: 5207: 5203: 5199: 5195: 5190: 5186: 5182: 5178: 5174: 5170: 5166: 5162: 5158: 5154: 5149: 5145: 5141: 5137: 5132: 5128: 5124: 5119: 5115: 5111: 5107: 5103: 5100:(1): 85–108. 5099: 5095: 5091: 5086: 5082: 5078: 5074: 5070: 5066: 5062: 5058: 5054: 5049: 5045: 5041: 5037: 5033: 5029: 5025: 5021: 5016: 5012: 5008: 5004: 5000: 4996: 4992: 4988: 4984: 4980: 4975: 4971: 4967: 4962: 4958: 4954: 4950: 4946: 4942: 4938: 4934: 4929: 4926:. p. 16. 4925: 4920: 4916: 4912: 4908: 4904: 4900: 4896: 4892: 4887: 4883: 4879: 4875: 4871: 4867: 4863: 4859: 4854: 4853: 4843: 4837: 4833: 4832: 4826: 4822: 4816: 4812: 4811: 4805: 4801: 4795: 4791: 4790: 4784: 4780: 4776: 4772: 4770:9781137349224 4766: 4762: 4761: 4755: 4751: 4745: 4741: 4740: 4734: 4730: 4724: 4720: 4719: 4713: 4709: 4707:9780812815245 4703: 4699: 4698: 4692: 4686: 4682: 4678: 4672: 4668: 4667: 4661: 4660: 4657: 4651: 4643: 4639: 4635: 4629: 4625: 4624: 4619: 4615: 4610: 4606: 4604:9780395657836 4600: 4596: 4595: 4589: 4585: 4583:9780070456716 4579: 4575: 4570: 4566: 4561: 4557: 4553: 4549: 4543: 4539: 4538: 4532: 4528: 4526:9780399109317 4522: 4518: 4517: 4511: 4507: 4505:9780870540349 4501: 4497: 4496: 4490: 4486: 4480: 4476: 4475: 4469: 4465: 4461: 4457: 4451: 4447: 4446: 4440: 4436: 4432: 4428: 4422: 4418: 4417: 4411: 4407: 4403: 4399: 4393: 4389: 4388: 4382: 4376: 4370: 4366: 4362: 4357: 4353: 4347: 4343: 4338: 4334: 4328: 4324: 4320: 4315: 4314: 4311: 4305: 4301: 4296: 4292: 4288: 4284: 4282:0-511-12624-7 4278: 4274: 4273: 4267: 4263: 4259: 4255: 4249: 4245: 4244: 4238: 4234: 4229: 4225: 4219: 4215: 4214: 4208: 4204: 4200: 4196: 4194:0-7181-1098-6 4190: 4186: 4185: 4179: 4173: 4169: 4165: 4159: 4155: 4154: 4148: 4147: 4144: 4140: 4136: 4130: 4126: 4125: 4119: 4113: 4109: 4105: 4099: 4095: 4094: 4088: 4087: 4084: 4080: 4076: 4070: 4066: 4065: 4059: 4055: 4053:9780670809028 4049: 4045: 4040: 4036: 4034:1-56414-807-6 4030: 4026: 4021: 4015: 4011: 4007: 4001: 3997: 3996: 3990: 3986: 3982: 3978: 3972: 3968: 3967: 3961: 3960: 3957: 3953: 3949: 3943: 3939: 3938: 3932: 3928: 3922: 3918: 3917: 3911: 3907: 3905:9780472103928 3901: 3897: 3892: 3888: 3884: 3880: 3874: 3870: 3869: 3863: 3859: 3857:0-306-81098-0 3853: 3849: 3844: 3840: 3834: 3830: 3829: 3823: 3819: 3813: 3809: 3805: 3801: 3797: 3792: 3791: 3773: 3768: 3761: 3756: 3750:, p. 45. 3749: 3744: 3737: 3732: 3725: 3720: 3713: 3708: 3701: 3696: 3689: 3684: 3682: 3674: 3669: 3663:, p. 22. 3662: 3657: 3650: 3645: 3638: 3633: 3626: 3624: 3623:The Telegraph 3619: 3614: 3607: 3602: 3600: 3598: 3591:, p. 63. 3590: 3585: 3583: 3575: 3570: 3568: 3566: 3559:, p. 61. 3558: 3553: 3547:, p. 11. 3546: 3541: 3539: 3532:, p. 29. 3531: 3526: 3519: 3514: 3507: 3502: 3500: 3492: 3487: 3481:, p. 53. 3480: 3475: 3468: 3463: 3456: 3455:Browning 2012 3451: 3444: 3443:Browning 2012 3439: 3432: 3431:Browning 2012 3427: 3420: 3419:Browning 2012 3415: 3408: 3403: 3397:, p. 13. 3396: 3393:, p. 8; 3392: 3388: 3383: 3376: 3371: 3365:, p. 80. 3364: 3359: 3357: 3350:, p. 11. 3349: 3344: 3337: 3332: 3325: 3320: 3313: 3312:Browning 2012 3308: 3301: 3296: 3290:, p. 21. 3289: 3284: 3277: 3272: 3265: 3264:Browning 2012 3260: 3254:, p. 10. 3253: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3236: 3229: 3224: 3217: 3213: 3208: 3201: 3196: 3190:, p. 26. 3189: 3184: 3177: 3172: 3165: 3160: 3153: 3148: 3141: 3136: 3129: 3124: 3118:, p. 12. 3117: 3112: 3106:, p. 70. 3105: 3100: 3093: 3088: 3082:, p. 77. 3081: 3076: 3074: 3067:, p. 65. 3066: 3061: 3055:, p. 64. 3054: 3049: 3043: 3041: 3035: 3030: 3023: 3018: 3011: 3006: 2999: 2994: 2987: 2982: 2975: 2970: 2963: 2958: 2951: 2946: 2939: 2934: 2927: 2922: 2915: 2910: 2904:, p. 89. 2903: 2898: 2896: 2888: 2883: 2876: 2871: 2865:, p. 95. 2864: 2859: 2852: 2847: 2840: 2835: 2828: 2823: 2816: 2811: 2804: 2799: 2793:, p. 34. 2792: 2787: 2781:, p. 41. 2780: 2775: 2769:, p. 33. 2768: 2763: 2757:, p. 89. 2756: 2751: 2744: 2739: 2733:, p. 44. 2732: 2727: 2720: 2715: 2708: 2703: 2701: 2693: 2688: 2682:, p. 52. 2681: 2676: 2669: 2664: 2657: 2652: 2645: 2640: 2638: 2630: 2629:Schaffer 1994 2625: 2618: 2617:Schaffer 1994 2613: 2606: 2601: 2594: 2589: 2582: 2577: 2570: 2565: 2558: 2553: 2547:, p. 21. 2546: 2541: 2539: 2531: 2526: 2519: 2514: 2507: 2502: 2500: 2498: 2491:, p. 19. 2490: 2485: 2483: 2481: 2473: 2468: 2461: 2456: 2449: 2444: 2437: 2432: 2426:, p. 15. 2425: 2420: 2413: 2408: 2402:, p. 40. 2401: 2396: 2394: 2386: 2381: 2379: 2371: 2366: 2359: 2354: 2347: 2342: 2335: 2331: 2326: 2319: 2318:Barsanti 2008 2314: 2307: 2302: 2295: 2290: 2284:, p. 64. 2283: 2278: 2272:, p. 14. 2271: 2266: 2260:, p. 34. 2259: 2254: 2252: 2245:, p. 43. 2244: 2239: 2233:, p. 15. 2232: 2227: 2220: 2215: 2208: 2203: 2197:, p. 22. 2196: 2191: 2184: 2179: 2172: 2167: 2165: 2157: 2152: 2145: 2140: 2132: 2128: 2123: 2117:, p. 90. 2116: 2111: 2105:, p. 60. 2104: 2099: 2092: 2087: 2080: 2075: 2069:, p. 34. 2068: 2063: 2056: 2051: 2044: 2039: 2037: 2029: 2024: 2017: 2012: 2005: 2000: 1998: 1990: 1985: 1973: 1968: 1962:, p. 16. 1961: 1956: 1949: 1944: 1937: 1932: 1925: 1920: 1913: 1908: 1901: 1896: 1894: 1886: 1881: 1874: 1869: 1865: 1849: 1840: 1831: 1822: 1815: 1809: 1802: 1796: 1789: 1783: 1773: 1764: 1757: 1751: 1744: 1740: 1734: 1725: 1716: 1709: 1703: 1696: 1692: 1686: 1679: 1678: 1671: 1664: 1658: 1649: 1645: 1632: 1630: 1624: 1621: 1617: 1613: 1612: 1607: 1603: 1598: 1597:Wendy Doniger 1594: 1589: 1580: 1578: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1539: 1534: 1529: 1528:the 1958 film 1525: 1521: 1517: 1508: 1507: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1492: 1488: 1484: 1480: 1479: 1474: 1470: 1459: 1458: 1453: 1448: 1446: 1441: 1437: 1434:The story of 1430: 1429: 1424: 1423:Count Dracula 1420: 1416: 1411: 1396: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1379: 1375: 1374: 1369: 1365: 1364: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1334: 1332: 1331: 1325: 1320: 1316: 1315: 1310: 1306: 1304: 1303: 1298: 1294: 1293: 1288: 1281: 1277: 1276: 1268: 1263: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1252:Ann Radcliffe 1249: 1245: 1244: 1239: 1235: 1234: 1229: 1225: 1219: 1217:, 1 June 1897 1216: 1215: 1208: 1206: 1201: 1189: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1132: 1131: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1108: 1097: 1083: 1080: 1076: 1071: 1067: 1052: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1027: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1006: 1004: 999: 994: 993:Romani people 990: 985: 983: 982: 977: 973: 969: 968: 963: 959: 954: 950: 946: 945: 944:fin de siècle 940: 933: 929: 925: 916: 914: 910: 906: 901: 898: 894: 893:David J. Skal 890: 886: 882: 881:transgressive 877: 875: 871: 866: 862: 847: 845: 840: 836: 835: 830: 826: 822: 818: 813: 811: 807: 803: 802:public domain 799: 798:copyright law 795: 791: 784: 779: 772: 767: 758: 756: 752: 748: 743: 738: 734: 729: 727: 723: 719: 715: 710: 706: 701: 697: 693: 689: 670: 661: 659: 655: 651: 647: 643: 641: 634: 627: 623: 615: 611: 607: 603: 599: 595: 594:Daniel Farson 591: 590: 585: 581: 577: 572: 570: 566: 562: 558: 554: 550: 546: 542: 538: 533: 531: 527: 523: 519: 513: 511: 507: 506:Radu Florescu 503: 499: 498:Vlad Drăculea 495: 491: 490:Ármin Vámbéry 487: 486:Count Dracula 479: 475: 466: 464: 460: 459: 454: 450: 449: 444: 443: 438: 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 414: 399: 396: 392: 388: 383: 380: 376: 372: 366: 364: 360: 356: 352: 348: 344: 340: 336: 332: 328: 327:Lucy Westenra 324: 322: 318: 314: 310: 306: 302: 298: 294: 293:Count Dracula 290: 280: 278: 277:public domain 274: 270: 266: 262: 258: 256: 255:Victorian era 252: 248: 247: 242: 237: 232: 230: 226: 222: 218: 214: 210: 206: 202: 198: 194: 192: 188: 184: 180: 179:Count Dracula 176: 175:Transylvanian 172: 168: 164: 160: 157: 153: 152: 143: 139: 138: 134: 130: 127: 124: 122: 116: 112: 108: 104: 100: 96: 90: 87: 84: 80: 77: 73: 70: 66: 62: 58: 55: 52: 48: 41: 36: 30: 26: 22: 21:Count Dracula 9033: 9025: 9019: 9013: 8985: 8977: 8969: 8950: 8942: 8936:Lady Athlyne 8934: 8926: 8918: 8910: 8902: 8895: 8894: 8886: 8878: 8870: 8862: 8804: 8800: 8792: 8788: 8748: 8731: 8724: 8639: 8604: 8590: 8545: 8539:Audio dramas 8509: 8504:Transylvania 8502: 8495: 8488: 8483:Dracula 2000 8481: 8474: 8456: 8439:Monster Bash 8437: 8429: 8421: 8413: 8394: 8386: 8378: 8370: 8362: 8354: 8346: 8338: 8330: 8322: 8314: 8306: 8298: 8289: 8286:(unreleased) 8281: 8273: 8265: 8255:1986–present 8248: 8239: 8231: 8223: 8205: 8198: 8191: 8184: 8176: 8169: 8162: 8155: 8141: 8134: 8127: 8120: 8108: 8089: 8081: 8073: 8065: 8057: 8037: 8029: 8021: 8002: 7983: 7975: 7967: 7959: 7951: 7943: 7935: 7927: 7919: 7910: 7903: 7898:Anno Dracula 7896: 7889:Anno Dracula 7888: 7879: 7815:The Simpsons 7813: 7800: 7791: 7782: 7766: 7745: 7737: 7729: 7721: 7713: 7705: 7697: 7687:(2006–2014) 7682: 7674: 7666: 7658: 7650: 7642: 7634: 7628:Cliffhangers 7626: 7618: 7610: 7568: 7560: 7552: 7544: 7536: 7530:Dracula 2012 7528: 7520: 7512: 7504: 7496: 7488: 7480: 7472: 7464: 7456: 7448: 7440: 7434:Dracula 3000 7432: 7424: 7416: 7408: 7400: 7392: 7384: 7376: 7368: 7360: 7352: 7344: 7336: 7328: 7320: 7312: 7304: 7296: 7288: 7280: 7272: 7264: 7256: 7248: 7240: 7232: 7224: 7216: 7208: 7200: 7192: 7184: 7176: 7168: 7160: 7152: 7144: 7136: 7128: 7109: 7101: 7095:Monster Mash 7093: 7087:Monster Mash 7085: 7077: 7069: 7061: 7053: 7045: 7037: 7029: 7021: 7013: 7005: 6997: 6989: 6981: 6973: 6965: 6957: 6949: 6930: 6922: 6914: 6906: 6894: 6881: 6873: 6865: 6857: 6849: 6840: 6827: 6819: 6813:Dracula 2000 6811: 6804:Dracula 2000 6803: 6790: 6782: 6774: 6766: 6758: 6750: 6742: 6734: 6726: 6705: 6697: 6689: 6681: 6673: 6665: 6657: 6550: 6542: 6535:Dacre Stoker 6521: 6499: 6492: 6491: 6485:Publications 6400: 6399: 6358: 6347: 6328: 6314: 6296:. 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Retrieved 6251: 6218: 6206: 6197: 6186: 6175: 6166: 6157: 6146: 6135: 6124: 6115: 6114:"Untitled". 6104: 6095: 6084: 6073: 6064: 6060: 6044: 6040: 6011: 6007: 5990: 5978: 5974: 5958: 5954: 5930: 5926: 5881: 5877: 5848: 5844: 5807: 5803: 5774: 5770: 5744:(1): 33–49. 5741: 5737: 5703:(1): 61–75. 5700: 5696: 5659: 5655: 5637:(1): 25–47. 5634: 5630: 5592:(3): 22–29. 5589: 5585: 5553: 5549: 5536: 5532: 5507: 5503: 5488: 5484: 5475: 5432: 5428: 5391: 5387: 5350: 5346: 5309: 5305: 5279:(1): 59–64. 5276: 5272: 5243: 5239: 5226: 5201: 5197: 5160: 5156: 5139: 5126: 5122: 5097: 5093: 5056: 5027: 5023: 4986: 4982: 4969: 4940: 4936: 4923: 4898: 4894: 4865: 4861: 4830: 4809: 4788: 4759: 4738: 4717: 4696: 4665: 4622: 4613: 4593: 4573: 4564: 4536: 4515: 4494: 4473: 4444: 4415: 4386: 4364: 4360: 4341: 4322: 4318: 4299: 4271: 4242: 4232: 4212: 4183: 4152: 4123: 4092: 4063: 4043: 4024: 3994: 3965: 3936: 3915: 3895: 3867: 3847: 3826: 3799: 3782:Bibliography 3767: 3755: 3748:McGrath 1997 3743: 3731: 3719: 3712:Doniger 1995 3707: 3695: 3675:, p. 7. 3668: 3656: 3644: 3632: 3622: 3613: 3608:, p. 4. 3589:Hensley 2002 3576:, p. 2. 3557:Hensley 2002 3552: 3525: 3513: 3506:Buzwell 2014 3491:Masters 1972 3486: 3474: 3462: 3450: 3438: 3426: 3414: 3409:, p. 5. 3402: 3382: 3370: 3343: 3338:, p. 8. 3331: 3319: 3307: 3295: 3283: 3271: 3259: 3244:Lloyd's 1897 3235: 3230:, p. 3. 3223: 3216:Stewart 1999 3207: 3195: 3183: 3171: 3164:Spencer 1992 3159: 3147: 3135: 3123: 3111: 3099: 3087: 3080:Moretti 1982 3060: 3048: 3039: 3033: 3029: 3017: 3005: 2993: 2981: 2969: 2957: 2952:, p. 3. 2945: 2933: 2921: 2909: 2882: 2870: 2858: 2846: 2834: 2822: 2810: 2798: 2786: 2774: 2762: 2750: 2745:, p. 8. 2738: 2726: 2714: 2694:, p. 2. 2687: 2675: 2663: 2651: 2624: 2612: 2600: 2588: 2581:Spencer 1992 2576: 2564: 2552: 2530:Belford 2002 2525: 2513: 2506:Belford 2002 2472:Belford 2002 2467: 2455: 2443: 2431: 2419: 2412:Belford 2002 2407: 2400:Bierman 1977 2387:, p. 4. 2365: 2360:, p. 3. 2353: 2341: 2336:, p. 4. 2325: 2320:, p. 1. 2313: 2306:Bierman 1998 2301: 2289: 2277: 2270:Milbank 1998 2265: 2243:McGrath 1997 2238: 2231:Milbank 1998 2226: 2214: 2209:, p. 6. 2207:Hopkins 2007 2202: 2190: 2178: 2151: 2139: 2130: 2122: 2110: 2098: 2086: 2079:McNally 1983 2074: 2062: 2050: 2043:Leblanc 1997 2023: 2011: 2004:Leblanc 1997 1989:Dearden 2014 1984: 1967: 1955: 1948:Belford 2002 1943: 1931: 1926:, p. 1. 1924:Hopkins 2007 1919: 1907: 1900:Belford 2002 1880: 1875:, p. 4. 1873:Hopkins 2007 1868: 1848: 1839: 1830: 1821: 1813: 1808: 1800: 1795: 1787: 1782: 1772: 1763: 1750: 1733: 1724: 1715: 1707: 1702: 1694: 1690: 1685: 1675: 1670: 1662: 1657: 1648: 1629:Dacre Stoker 1625: 1609: 1601: 1592: 1587: 1586: 1569:Mickey Mouse 1552: 1551: 1547:Eiko Ishioka 1536: 1526:(firstly in 1512: 1504: 1490: 1482: 1476: 1473:F. 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Murnau 1468: 1455: 1449: 1445:galley proof 1439: 1435: 1433: 1426: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1377: 1371: 1367: 1361: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1337: 1335: 1328: 1323: 1318: 1313: 1308: 1307: 1300: 1290: 1279: 1273: 1266: 1264: 1260:Mary Shelley 1247: 1241: 1237: 1231: 1223: 1221: 1212: 1210: 1204: 1197: 1177: 1165: 1161: 1160: 1156:Urban Gothic 1151: 1147: 1139: 1138: 1128: 1123:confronting 1069: 1063: 1033: 1019:racial Other 1015:world powers 1007: 986: 980: 970:(1838), and 967:Oliver Twist 965: 942: 931: 923: 922: 909:schoolmaster 902: 889:gender roles 878: 860: 858: 850:Major themes 843: 838: 832: 828: 816: 814: 809: 782: 777: 776: 750: 741: 736: 732: 730: 725: 713: 708: 704: 680: 644: 632: 625: 613: 609: 604:is a direct 601: 597: 587: 575: 573: 568: 564: 552: 544: 536: 534: 530:rhetorically 521: 509: 483: 456: 446: 440: 436: 425:Walt Whitman 421:Henry Irving 410: 384: 367: 359:heart attack 347:sleepwalking 325: 312: 286: 260: 259: 250: 245: 235: 233: 224: 220: 196: 195: 150: 149: 148: 135: 29: 9094:1897 novels 9007:Non-fiction 8849:Bram Stoker 8805:derivatives 8640:Castlevania 8617:Count Orlok 8605:Castlevania 8511:Van Helsing 8340:Van Helsing 8249:Castlevania 8241:Ghost Manor 8217:Video games 8157:Don Dracula 7884:(1975–2002) 7882:and sequels 7862:Other media 7805:(2017–2020) 7796:(2014–2016) 7787:(2006–2014) 7765:"Dracula" ( 7739:Castlevania 7734:(2017–2020) 7723:Van Helsing 7718:(2014–2017) 7710:(2014–2016) 7702:(2013–2014) 7679:(2011–2012) 7663:(1991–1999) 7655:(1990–1991) 7647:(1988–1993) 7410:Van Helsing 6605:Bran Castle 6446:Mina Harker 6396:Bram Stoker 6145:"Dracula". 5933:: 523–535. 5353:(1): 1–21. 4721:. Penguin. 3772:Hughes 2012 3760:Hughes 2012 3736:Miller 2001 3724:Miller 2001 3688:Miller 2001 3649:Clasen 2012 3618:Cengel 2020 3574:Stoker 2011 3530:Rhodes 2010 3518:Stuart 1994 3188:Glover 1996 3140:Miller 2001 3128:Miller 2001 3022:Willis 2007 2998:Clasen 2012 2962:Willis 2007 2902:Croley 1995 2875:Croley 1995 2815:Bauman 1991 2791:Zanger 1991 2779:Zanger 1991 2767:Zanger 1991 2692:Bordin 1993 2569:Escher 2017 2346:Ludlam 1962 2294:Curran 2000 2282:Curran 2005 2219:Farson 1975 2195:Farson 1975 2171:Clasen 2012 2127:Miller 1999 2055:Miller 2006 2028:Miller 1996 1972:Ludlam 1962 1912:Rubery 2011 1606:vampire bat 1533:Gary Oldman 1516:Béla Lugosi 1419:Bela Lugosi 1404:Adaptations 1319:Vanity Fair 1302:Vanity Fair 1246:wrote that 1125:Bela Lugosi 1121:Van Helsing 939:antisemitic 874:Oscar Wilde 761:Publication 677:Composition 638:setting of 549:iron maiden 417:Bram Stoker 415:in London, 395:decapitates 331:Mina Murray 163:Bram Stoker 97:26 May 1897 54:Bram Stoker 9083:Categories 8904:Miss Betty 8582:of Dracula 8301:(handheld) 7691:characters 7676:Ace Kilroy 7594:Television 7514:Dracula 3D 7346:To Die For 6424:Characters 6278:17 January 5939:1684297393 5491:: 212–217. 5227:The Nation 4406:1004391205 3479:Ronay 1972 3200:Keogh 2014 3176:Keogh 2014 3152:Arata 1990 2938:Arata 1990 2926:Arata 1990 2914:Arata 1990 2863:Arnds 2015 2755:Arnds 2015 2656:Craft 1984 2644:Craft 1984 2605:Craft 1984 2067:Fitts 1998 1960:Caine 1912 1860:References 1663:Miss Betty 1158:subgenre. 1075:travelogue 1023:degenerate 870:homoerotic 773:, New York 718:Cruden Bay 469:Influences 453:Hall Caine 448:Miss Betty 402:Background 379:Piccadilly 355:blood-loss 297:his castle 269:archetypal 209:Wallachian 177:nobleman, 154:is a 1897 142:Wikisource 8638:Alucard ( 8622:Soma Cruz 8603:Dracula ( 8589:Alucard ( 8225:The Count 8207:Purgatori 8110:Crossover 7961:Bloodline 7742:(2017–21) 7726:(2016–21) 7636:Drak Pack 6883:Nosferatu 6851:Nosferatu 6841:Nosferatu 6648:Universal 6508:Icelandic 6020:0039-3827 5898:0030-8129 5857:0021-1427 5824:0013-8304 5783:0011-1589 5771:Criticism 5750:0042-5222 5717:0029-0564 5684:161888586 5676:1080-6547 5622:147429554 5606:0006-4246 5562:0010-4132 5516:0897-0521 5451:1060-1503 5416:193067115 5408:2052-2614 5367:0026-7937 5334:162335122 5326:1080-6547 5285:0090-4260 5252:0042-5222 5210:0277-4356 5177:0160-9009 5106:0011-1589 5094:Criticism 5073:0734-6018 5036:0039-4238 5011:166341977 5003:1913-4835 4949:1063-3685 4937:Narrative 4915:0029-3970 4874:0042-5222 4779:873725229 4685:773567111 4650:cite book 4642:773567111 4556:244770292 4464:244770292 4435:297147082 4172:335291872 4143:335291872 4112:244770292 4083:244770292 4014:664519546 3985:664519546 3956:664519546 3887:647920291 3545:Skal 2011 3104:Seed 1985 3092:Case 1993 3065:Seed 1985 3053:Seed 1985 2743:Kane 1997 2731:Senf 1982 2258:Senf 1982 2103:Kord 2009 1979:forest.'" 1583:Influence 1577:hegemonic 1491:Nosferatu 1483:Nosferatu 1478:Nosferatu 1192:Reception 1079:shorthand 1060:Narrative 1041:parasites 1037:Jerusalem 913:shorthand 905:New Woman 895:, in the 821:Icelandic 815:In 1901, 658:Abhartach 654:Coleraine 557:facsimile 463:biography 291:, visits 289:solicitor 82:Publisher 8801:Category 8789:Category 8591:Hellsing 8171:Hellsing 8050:Musicals 7977:Fangland 7837:" (2010) 7830:" (1993) 7803:episodes 7794:episodes 7785:episodes 7778:" (2000) 7758:Episodes 7554:Renfield 6943:Parodies 6518:" (1914) 6471:Renfield 6414:Universe 6353:LibriVox 6239:Archived 6227:Websites 6028:29533817 5995:Archived 5963:Archived 5935:ProQuest 5914:54868687 5865:25484813 5791:23118160 5614:41069152 5570:40245833 5539:: 67–85. 5524:43308384 5467:54921027 5459:40347238 5293:43797068 5218:23021659 5144:Archived 5114:23116578 4957:20107013 4291:61394818 4262:70335483 3375:TMG 1897 3040:Guernica 1743:Svengali 1680:in 2006. 1573:Superman 1487:Florence 1049:syphilis 998:vagrants 972:Svengali 747:werewolf 722:Scotland 633:Carmilla 626:Carmilla 614:Carmilla 610:Carmilla 606:allusion 598:Carmilla 589:Carmilla 561:footnote 524:scholar 478:Vlad III 451:(1898). 371:Renfield 309:Budapest 229:Romanian 60:Language 33:Dracula 9089:Dracula 9046:Related 8990:(1914) 8928:The Man 8896:Dracula 8793:Dracula 8715:Related 8476:Dracula 8415:Dracula 8407:Pinball 8267:Dracula 8259:Dracula 8233:Dracula 8187:trilogy 8058:Dracula 8039:Dracula 8031:Dracula 8023:Dracula 8004:Dracula 7747:Dracula 7699:Dracula 7466:Dracula 7402:Dracula 7314:Dracula 7282:Deafula 7250:Blacula 6991:Vampira 6728:Dracula 6667:Dracula 6659:Dracula 6593:Castles 6504:(1899) 6493:Dracula 6401:Dracula 6348:Dracula 6330:Dracula 6316:Dracula 6298:13 July 6257:13 June 6221:. 1897. 5832:2873424 5758:3827492 5725:3044836 5375:3734681 5260:3828327 5185:3346355 5081:2928560 4882:3827794 4614:Dracula 4361:Dracula 4319:Dracula 4203:1989574 3034:Dracula 1803:(2012). 1788:Dracula 1708:Dracula 1695:Dracula 1691:Dracula 1602:Dracula 1593:Dracula 1588:Dracula 1553:Dracula 1506:Dracula 1469:Dracula 1462:transl. 1436:Dracula 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8468:Albums 8442:(1998) 8434:(1993) 8426:(1988) 8418:(1979) 8399:(2023) 8391:(2013) 8383:(2013) 8375:(2013) 8367:(2012) 8359:(2008) 8351:(2008) 8343:(2004) 8335:(2001) 8327:(2000) 8319:(2000) 8311:(1993) 8303:(1993) 8294:(1993) 8278:(1991) 8270:(1986) 8251:series 8244:(1983) 8236:(1983) 8228:(1979) 8102:Comics 8094:(2011) 8086:(2006) 8078:(2004) 8070:(1997) 8062:(1995) 8042:(1996) 8034:(1995) 8026:(1924) 8007:(1938) 7988:(2010) 7980:(2007) 7972:(2006) 7964:(2005) 7956:(2005) 7948:(2005) 7940:(1997) 7932:(1986) 7924:(1978) 7891:series 7872:Novels 7771:(1968) 7750:(2020) 7715:Decker 7671:(1994) 7639:(1980) 7631:(1979) 7623:(1978) 7615:(1976) 7604:Series 7565:(2023) 7557:(2023) 7549:(2014) 7541:(2013) 7533:(2013) 7525:(2012) 7517:(2012) 7509:(2012) 7501:(2011) 7493:(2009) 7485:(2008) 7477:(2008) 7469:(2006) 7461:(2006) 7453:(2005) 7445:(2004) 7437:(2004) 7429:(2004) 7421:(2004) 7413:(2004) 7405:(2002) 7397:(2002) 7389:(2001) 7381:(2000) 7373:(1994) 7365:(1992) 7357:(1989) 7349:(1989) 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