352:
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40:
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215:
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1460:
449:. Both towns have regular planned layouts, both have experienced a history of boom and slump in shipbuilding, fishing and as railheads and ocean terminals. These two towns, which could handle the larger vessels then entering service, concentrated trade that had previously been dispersed at quays, jetties and landing places and small settlements such as
469:
located on both shores of the
Daugleddau, and also the large limestone quarries at West Williamston. The Daugleddau ports flourished in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries, but continued to work through the 19th century by changing to using barges to tranship cargoes down river to bigger vessels at the
662:
center in the 18th century, and today the town's port is the fourth largest in the United
Kingdom in terms of tonnage and plays an important role in the United Kingdom's energy sector with several oil refineries and one of the biggest LNG terminals in the world. Milford Haven is the second largest
539:
to unload there. Since then, there have been numerous spills of varying magnitude, providing the port authority with a great deal of experience. Uniquely at the time, the harbourmaster instituted the principle of cleaning up first and allocating the blame (and the responsibility of paying for it)
477:
at various strategically important coastal sites, including
Milford Haven. Most of the forts are now disused. The late 20th century brought the jetties, oil terminals and shore processing facilities of the oil and power industries. This industry reached its zenith in the 1970s when Middle Eastern
248:, claimed in 1603 that Milford Haven was the most famous port of Christendom. The area however was a source of anxiety for the Tudor monarchy. Its location exposed it to attacks from Ireland, potentially leading to an invasion of England via Wales. In 1405, the French landed in force having left
506:
Milford Haven is the largest port in Wales, and the third-largest port in the United
Kingdom. Shipping operations in Milford Haven are managed by the independent Milford Haven Port Authority as a trust port. The port authority has responsibility for managing Milford Docks, Milford Marina and
330:
and Castle Pill, were being used as ports for ships to load and unload coal, corn and limestone., A ferry service to
Ireland operated from Hakin around the start of the 19th century, although this ceased in the early 19th century. Although surrounding settlements at
1373:
210:
was dedicated in 1180, a structure which looked out over the Haven from the north shore of the town. In later years it was used as a beacon for sailors in foul weather, and ultimately as a pig sty, until it was reconsecrated in the 20th century.
663:
settlement in
Pembrokeshire, with a population of 13,100; though its community boundaries make it the most populous in the county, with 13,096 people. As a community, Milford Haven takes in the town of Milford Haven itself and the villages of
311:. The fort was eventually surrendered, and quickly taken, along with St Thomas a Becket chapel. Just five years later in 1649 Milford Haven was again the site of Parliamentarian interest when it was chosen as the disembarkation site for
756:
556:
oil spill, initially thought to be one of the most devastating oil tanker disasters the UK has ever seen. In the event, recovery has been surprisingly good, perhaps partly because of the very strong tides. The comparable
549:
ran aground off the Haven, spilling a portion of its cargo of oil. In 1984, a serious explosion on a tanker being repaired in the Haven resulted in three fatalities. In 1996, it was the location of the
343:/Hakin were established, they were little more than hamlets. The only man-made structures on the future site of Milford were the medieval chapel, and Summer Hill Farm, and its accompanying cottages.
718:
have been measured in
Milford Haven Waterway. This together with information on the sediment concentrations have been assessed in order to aid in the evaluation of the environmental quality of the
782:
430:, achieved by coastally sited castle boroughs, is still obvious at Pembroke, at Haverfordwest, and at Carew. Carew did not develop into a borough, but excavations have shown that a
1224:
1239:
760:
839:
633:
The port authority started promoting
Pembrokeshire as a cruise destination in 2003 and passenger numbers have steadily increased since then. In July 2008, the first
450:
194:
designated the area the rendezvous for his Irish expedition. An army of 400 warships, 500 knights and 4,000 men-at-arms gathered in the haven before sailing to
1405:
1057:
786:
410:
landscape of
Milford Haven shows evidence of maritime conquest, settlement, commerce, fishing and defence from the 11th century to the 20th century.
363:. The northern side is within the Preseli Environmentally Sensitive Area. The area includes: Angle Bay, Carew and Cresswell Rivers, Cosheston Pill,
545:
458:
236:... how far it is to this same blessed Milford: and by the way tell me how Wales was made so happy as to inherit such a haven ...
207:
1138:
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KS01 Usual
Resident Population: Census 2001 'Key Statistics for Urban Areas', Office For National Statistics D8271.xls (PDF) line 2540
1111:
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By the late 18th century, the two creeks which would delimit the future town of Milford's boundaries to the east and west, namely
1526:
473:
In the late 19th century, concerns about the potential threat posed by the French Navy prompted the construction of a number of
151:. Evidence of metal working in the area was recently excavated, suggesting a level of industrialisation in the period 750–1100.
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964:
920:
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promontory forts are sited on several of the headlands at the entrance and along the course of the Haven and the Daugleddau.
275:. The land comprising the site of Milford, the Manor of Hubberston and Pill, was acquired by the Barlow family following the
112:
in Ceylon (today's Sri Lanka) and "the finest port in Christendom". Much of the coastline of the Waterway is designated as a
2117:
1290:
Langston, W. J.; O’Hara, S.; Pope, N. D.; Davey, M.; Shortridge, E.; Imamura, M.; Harino, H.; Kim, A.; Vane, C. H. (2011).
372:
143:
in 1066, the waterway was used occasionally by Vikings looking for shelter. During one visit in 854, the Viking Chieftain
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later. There are two large oil refineries nearby which represent one fifth of the United Kingdom's oil refining capacity.
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crossed the Haven and landed at Pill. The fort was gunned from both land and water, and a garrison was placed in
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580:
276:
1225:
One Wales: Connecting the Nation – The Wales Transport Strategy Welsh Assembly Government, April 2008, page 29
997:
Antiquarian Researches: Comprising A History Of The Indian Wars In The Country Bordering The Connecticut River
1828:
1571:
1561:
1536:
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Jones, Tim (17 October 1978). "Gales forecast as salvage team battles against time to save stricken tanker".
563:
spill in 1968, a ship which had been heading to Milford Haven, affected shores further south around southern
507:
Pembroke Port and Ferry Terminal. In 2012, it was announced that the Milford waterway was to be declared an
1051:
1039:
1758:
1586:
625:, docked at South Hook on 20 March 2009. The first gas to the Dragon facility was delivered 14 July 2009.
596:
588:
1353:, Capt. G. Dudley, in Ecological Effects of Oil Pollution (ed. E.B.Cowell), Inst. Petroleum, London, 1971.
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442:
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and to protect Royalist forces landing from Ireland. On 23 February 1644, a Parliamentarian force led by
117:
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Events that have shaped the historic landscape: The Milford Haven Waterway (Dyfed Archaeological Trust)
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in the mid-16th century. It acquired an additional strategic importance in the 17th century as a
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which eventually could provide 25% of the UK's gas requirement. Under construction from 2006,
1997:
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879:
202:, which marked the first time an English king had stood on Irish soil, and the beginning of
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by Royalist forces and completed in 1643 to prevent Parliamentarian forces from landing at
284:
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for which the Haven, with its deep waters and westerly position, was particularly suited.
108:, visiting the haven with the Hamiltons, described it as the next best natural harbour to
8:
1924:
1838:
1736:
1653:
1027:
703:
Organic and heavy metal chemical pollutants accumulating in variety of species including
446:
441:
Around the start of the 19th century, two new towns were constructed: Milford in 1790 by
191:
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winds west to the sea. As one of the deepest natural harbours in the world, it is a busy
75:
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wintered in the Haven with 23 ships, eventually lending his name to the district of
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1940:
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166:) was established at the head of Hubberston Pill in 1170, as a daughter house of
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By 1590, two forts had been constructed to defend the entrance to the haven.
171:
94:
63:
31:
1914:
1833:
1783:
1326:
893:
A Catechism of the History of Ireland: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern (1878)
528:
524:
268:
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in July with more than twenty-eight hundred knights and men-at-arms led by
323:, before Cromwell and over a hundred crafts left for Dublin on 15 August.
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1980:
1960:
1955:
1950:
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637:
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by the coalition government, due to its importance to the energy sector.
229:
163:
109:
1040:"A Short History of Ireland: 'The righteous judgement of God': Cromwell"
490:
2018:
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692:
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641:
536:
423:
340:
179:
148:
98:
79:
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1459:
1444:
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880:
A Topographical Dictionary of Wales, Lewis, Samuel (1849) pp. 374–384
672:
576:
462:
288:
224:
218:
St Thomas a Becket Chapel, dedicated 1180 and used as a beacon church
195:
531:
in 1960; unfortunately this coincided with a serious oil-spill from
271:
used the Haven as his departure point for his exploratory voyage to
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supply difficulties forced oil transport to use ocean routes and
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further up river. These small ports served the coal mines of the
426:
evidence, such as Early Christian Inscribed Stone monuments. The
392:
102:
82:
59:
1256:
Settlement Populations, Pembrokeshire County Council 2001 Census
186:. Founded by Adam de Rupe, it stood until the Dissolution under
1975:
1965:
856:
Medieval Works Found At LNG Site BBC News Article, 5 April 2005
617:
612:
419:
199:
1970:
1768:
1695:
664:
622:
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90:
67:
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144:
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A History – The 12th Century: Pill Priory – Tironian House
170:. Built on virgin land, it stood alongside the priory on
1363:
1064:
Field Studies Journal, pp. 5–6; Retrieved 19 January 2010
719:
71:
1292:"Bioaccumulation surveillance in Milford Haven Waterway"
1289:
1100:'Energy industry zones for Snowdonia and Haven Waterway
814:
A Vision of Greatness: The History of Milford 1790–1990
1112:'AM praises 'huge benefits' enterprise zone will bring
591:
facility, while the Dragon LNG terminal is based on a
74:
or drowned valley which was flooded at the end of the
30:
This article is about the waterway. For the town, see
567:
and northern France, was actually far more damaging.
319:. Cromwell arrived in the Haven on 4 August, meeting
1374:
Countryside Council for Wales Historic Landscape Map
695:
plant, there will be some testing at West Dale Bay.
422:
sites are evidenced by place-names, documentary and
371:, Pwllcrochan Flats and West Williamston Quarries (
1283:
445:, and Pembroke Dock in 1802 as the site for a new
1369:www.geograph.co.uk : photos of Milford Haven
1249:
2099:
1067:
785:. Countryside Council for Wales. Archived from
759:. Countryside Council for Wales. Archived from
523:industry started with the opening of the first
1413:
579:gas, Milford Haven has become home to two new
1681:
1399:
1028:4 August 1649 "Timeline: British Civil wars"
1128:. No. 60434. London. col D, p. 1.
1117:
1075:"Sandy Haven to Milford Haven coastal walk"
979:, Cardiff University of Wales Press, 1989.
658:The town of Milford Haven was founded as a
1688:
1674:
1406:
1392:
355:A plan of Milford Haven from a 1748 survey
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570:
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350:
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153:
38:
1299:Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
808:
806:
804:
628:
14:
2100:
575:In light of the dwindling supplies of
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1123:
1054:Pembrokeshire Sea Trading Before 1900
751:
749:
747:
745:
743:
741:
739:
737:
607:to the distribution point at Tirley,
519:Milford Haven's association with the
403:(Royal Dockyard) Conservation Areas.
1114:Milford Mercury Article: 26 May 2012
1016:"1643–4: Civil War in Pembrokeshire"
946:Mason, Graham, Retrieved 20 May 2011
801:
373:Sites of Special Scientific Interest
1218:
1152:"First liquid gas delivery in port"
833:Milford Haven Town Council website
775:
686:
114:Site of Special Scientific Interest
27:Natural harbour in south-west Wales
24:
1344:
1204:"Ship cruises in for record visit"
1139:British Tanker's Blasts Kill Three
944:Genealogy World – FORT HUBBERSTONE
816:, Brace Harvatt Associates, 1989.
734:
359:Parts of the Haven are within the
25:
2144:
1357:
1351:Oil pollution in a major oil port
1269:"Wave power plan for Welsh coast"
1141:Sarasota Herald Tribune, 16.06.84
932:BBC: Milford Haven Slideshow Tour
913:Milford Haven Waterway & Town
438:site preceded the Norman castle.
361:Pembrokeshire Coast National Park
2133:Bodies of water of Pembrokeshire
1458:
1042:. BBC. Retrieved 19 January 2010
957:The Description of Pembrokeshire
502:The harbour viewed from the town
134:
43:Milford Haven Waterway from 1946
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1021:
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989:
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915:, Tempus Publishing Ltd, 1999.
698:
999:, Kessinger Publishing, 2007.
895:, Kessinger Publishing, 2008.
885:
873:
861:
849:
826:
494:The haven viewed from the town
287:ordered a fort to be built at
277:dissolution of the monasteries
158:Milford Haven by Attwood, 1776
13:
1:
2108:Competent harbour authorities
1102:BBC News Article: 17 May 2012
728:
1364:Milford Haven Port Authority
1271:. BBC News. 15 December 2005
307:attack from the garrison at
7:
2118:Ports and harbours of Wales
1018:. Retrieved 18 January 2010
977:Wales & The Tudor State
870:, Retrieved 17 January 2010
246:Description of Penbrokshire
204:Henry's invasion of Ireland
118:Milford Haven Waterway SSSI
10:
2149:
2123:Transport in Pembrokeshire
2113:Geography of Pembrokeshire
651:
644:arrived in Milford Haven.
127:
123:
29:
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2006:
1933:
1867:
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1311:10.1007/s10661-011-1968-z
1258:Retrieved 17 January 2010
1246:Retrieved 17 January 2010
1227:Retrieved 17 January 2010
1030:Retrieved 19 January 2010
934:Retrieved 19 January 2010
882:Retrieved 17 January 2010
858:Retrieved 17 January 2010
846:Retrieved 17 January 2010
812:Wing Commander Ken McKay
480:Very Large Crude Carriers
208:St Thomas a Becket chapel
56:Dyfrffordd Aberdaugleddau
1527:Fishguard & Goodwick
1206:. BBC News. 24 July 2008
1060:15 December 2010 at the
783:"Milford Haven Waterway"
757:"Milford Haven Waterway"
611:. The first vessel, the
605:South Wales Gas Pipeline
434:stronghold and possible
339:, Priory, Liddeston and
139:From the 790s until the
130:History of Milford Haven
1696:Harbours of the UK and
647:
587:is based on the former
485:
467:Pembrokeshire Coalfield
228:Act 3, Scene 2 (1611),
182:, and was dedicated to
1242:20 August 2011 at the
911:McKay & Springer.
837:, Chronology of Events
691:As a first stage of a
515:Petrochemical industry
503:
495:
356:
242:George Owen of Henllys
238:
219:
162:A Benedictine priory (
159:
55:
48:Milford Haven Waterway
44:
1608:Haverfordwest Airport
959:, Gomer Press, 1994.
842:13 March 2012 at the
571:Liquefied natural gas
501:
493:
354:
347:Landscape and history
234:
217:
157:
42:
629:Cruise ship terminal
447:Royal Naval Dockyard
443:Sir William Hamilton
375:); and the towns of
303:church to prevent a
101:and pleasure craft.
2080: /
1654:Transport for Wales
1052:George, Barbara J;
891:Brennan, Joseph J,
543:In 1978 the tanker
317:Invasion of Ireland
18:Dragon LNG terminal
2033:Crown Dependencies
1698:Crown Dependencies
975:Jones, J Gwynfor.
504:
496:
357:
220:
160:
45:
2063:
2062:
1663:
1662:
1624:Fishguard Harbour
1532:Fishguard Harbour
1079:Walk through time
965:978-1-85902-120-0
921:978-0-7524-1589-5
822:978-0-9515212-0-5
601:National Grid plc
597:Gulf oil refinery
470:mid-Haven ports.
297:Rowland Laugharne
258:Marshal of France
168:St Dogmaels Abbey
16:(Redirected from
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2007:Northern Ireland
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687:Power generation
475:Palmerston Forts
418:, Christian and
367:, Gann Estuary,
254:Jean II de Rieux
89:, trafficked by
87:shipping channel
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1158:. 20 March 2009
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763:on 5 April 2010
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609:Gloucestershire
593:brownfield site
573:
533:Esso Portsmouth
517:
509:Enterprise Zone
488:
428:Norman conquest
349:
313:Oliver Cromwell
293:Pembroke Castle
283:military base.
267:In April 1603,
174:as part of the
141:Norman Invasion
137:
132:
126:
58:) is a natural
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2084:51.7°N 5.113°W
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399:, and the
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190:. In 1171
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1993:Irvine
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1976:Methil
1966:Rosyth
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200:Dublin
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2019:Larne
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1868:Wales
1819:Poole
1769:Goole
1744:Dover
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1423:Roads
1331:S2CID
1295:(PDF)
1081:. BBC
716:worms
665:Hakin
638:liner
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328:Hakin
250:Brest
145:Hubba
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1315:ISSN
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