732:
1675:
2344:
2244:
2161:
2077:
1094:
1921:
1786:
1682:
1609:
1477:
2237:
2154:
46:
1914:
658:
2337:
1779:
382:
319:
217:
1188:
1470:
2423:
1602:
1195:
952:
1341:
52:
1348:
1101:
802:
739:
665:
531:
945:
210:
312:
2070:
524:
795:
2416:
375:
898:
to conquer Milan and Naples. With French armies near Pavia, Ludovico and his loyalists left Milan on 17 September 1499 to flee toward
Germany. This left Louis XII as the only Duke of Milan, entering the city on 6 October 1499.
455:
After the death of
Filippo Maria in 1447, the main line of Visconti went extinct. Benefited by political chaos, a cabal of wealthy citizens, academics and clerics declared the Duchy dissolved and proclaimed the oligarchical
2023:
officially gained the Duchy of Milan, a possession considered vital to the security of
Austria's southern border. Since that moment, Milan was a permanent possession of the Austrian branch of the Habsburg dynasty.
1397:
In 1535, after the death of the heirless
Francesco II Sforza, Emperor Charles V annexed the Duchy as a vacant imperial state in order to avoid other claims by the French or the collateral branches of Sforza.
1142:
in 1515, the Swiss retired from Milan and
Massimiliano was imprisoned by the returning French troops. He waived his rights to Milan for the sum of 30,000 ducats and continued to live in France.
890:(future Louis XII), was humiliated and due to his personal hate toward Ludovico Sforza, started to claim the Duchy of Milan for himself, quoting his paternal descendance from
870:
In 1494, Ludovico Sforza usurped the throne of Milan, after probably poisoning his nephew Gian
Galeazzo. After the threats of the Venetians, Ludovico solicited French king
1856:
In
September 1700, Charles became ill; by 28 September he was no longer able to eat and Portocarrero persuaded him to alter his Will in favour of Louis XIV's grandson,
1860:. When Charles died on 1 November 1700, the throne was offered to Philip, who was proclaimed King of Spain on 16 November 1700. This was accepted by Britain and the
1054:
became the Sforza claimant to the
Milanese Throne, which he finally re-gained in January 1513, six months after the Swiss army's entrance in Milan.
2925:
2089:
59:
Quarterly: 1st and 4th, Or an eagle stand Sable, wearing a crown; 2nd and 3rd, Argent a serpent ripple Azure, wearing a crown, eating a moor Gules
731:
476:, defected from Milan to Venice in 1448, and two years later, after several side switches and cunning strategies, Sforza entered the city during
2632:
472:. Taking advantage of the state's weakness and the resurgent Guelph-Ghibelline conflict, the commander-in-chief of the Milanese forces,
1674:
891:
2596:
2343:
2243:
2160:
2076:
3011:
751:
1695:
1621:
1490:
1093:
2436:
3016:
2581:
2460:
2982:
2963:
2870:
1286:
965:
415:
1550:
132:
1920:
2909:
2845:
2527:
2484:
2396:
2317:
2200:
2050:
2020:
1294:
98:
2153:
2236:
2217:
2173:
1865:
1574:
1297:, however, and by late November had been forced out of Milan and had retreated to a ring of towns around the
1274:
17:
1986:
1799:
1785:
1681:
1608:
1476:
3021:
2886:
1913:
895:
875:
230:
2504:
1005:
607:
331:
894:
and Gian
Galeazzo's last will. After Louis XII's ascension to the French Throne in 1499, he started the
45:
2257:
2205:
395:
3006:
2606:
2550:
657:
480:. He was then declared the new Duke of Milan by the City Council, using as a claim his marriage with
457:
2654:
2336:
2281:
1778:
287:
163:
78:
3001:
2601:
298:
1251:
1028:
871:
625:
437:
361:
351:
196:
155:
88:
29:
This article is about the dukes of Milan (1395–1814). For the lords of Milan (1259–1395), see
1819:
1278:
771:
644:
589:
481:
2356:
1934:
1850:
1360:
718:
279:
1187:
8:
2116:
1981:
1759:
1749:
1741:
1582:
1530:
1327:
1168:
1139:
925:
887:
1412:. This was made official at the abdication of Charles V in 1555. In 1556, Philip became
2919:
2880:
2642:
2572:
1864:, among others. Disputes over division of territories and commercial rights led to the
1839:
1719:
1655:
1645:
1450:
1413:
1409:
1228:
852:
814:
708:
695:
510:
473:
461:
381:
318:
216:
136:
2793:
The Deadly
Sisterhood: A Story of Women, Power and Intrigue in the Italian Renaissance
2978:
2959:
2905:
2866:
2841:
2838:
Eighteenth-Century Spain 1700-1788: A Political, Diplomatic and Institutional History
2687:
2611:
2122:
2016:
2008:
2004:
1958:
1894:
1857:
1510:
1469:
1391:
1298:
1080:
1051:
883:
844:
837:
633:
469:
254:
148:
2944:
1208:
985:
879:
2422:
2669:
2554:
1380:
1266:
1131:
1120:
1043:
863:
781:
544:
448:
1340:
1293:, was tasked with resisting the Imperial and Papal forces; he was outmatched by
1050:
Ludovico Sforza was captured on February 1500, dying in prison in 1508. His son
1861:
1421:
1417:
1402:
568:
465:
1601:
1347:
1100:
801:
738:
664:
530:
51:
2995:
2383:
2304:
2134:
677:
170:. Since that moment, all the following rulers of Milan were styled as dukes.
116:
30:
1194:
951:
886:
and were unable to expand in Italy. Charles VIII's top general and cousin,
477:
944:
2542:
209:
131:
from the 13th century to 1814, after which it was incorporated into the
1301:. For the third time and last time, the Sforza were restored to power.
1282:
1273:
By November 1521, the French situation had deteriorated considerably.
311:
2069:
2003:
1408:
In 1540, the Duchy was secretly given as a gift to Charles V's son
794:
523:
2415:
460:. The republic was never recognized and the neighboring states of
374:
167:
1290:
124:
128:
2973:
Baumgartner, Frederic J. (1996). St.Martin's Press (ed.).
2791:
Frieda, Leonie (2012). Weidenfeld & Nicolson (ed.).
166:, who sold the title under the payment of circa 100,000
468:
tried to expand their fiefdoms in Lombardy, as well as
2821:
Blocksman, Wim (2002). Oxford University Press (ed.).
2835:
2668:Symonds, John A. (1888). Henry Holt and Co. (ed.).
1285:signed an alliance against Francis on 28 November.
2686:
878:. After Ludovico's betrayal and alliance with the
1256:Legitimate heir according to Gian Galeazzo's will
1033:Legitimate heir according to Gian Galeazzo's will
2993:
2806:Konstam, Angus (1996). Osprey Publishing (ed.).
2776:Durant, Will (1953). Simon and Schuster (ed.).
2899:
2631:Bartoš, František M. (1937). Treccani (ed.).
1265:
1130:
1042:
862:
447:
2956:Cronologia Cronografia e Calendario Perpetuo
2942:
2924:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2715:
2703:
2671:Renaissance in Italy: the Age of the Despots
2972:
2943:Ady, Cecilia M.; Armstrong, Edward (1907).
2863:The War of the Spanish Succession 1701-1714
2763:
2751:
2739:
2727:
2685:Lucas, Henry S. (1960). Harper Bros (ed.).
2808:Pavia 1525: The Climax of the Italian Wars
2778:The Renaissance. The Story of Civilization
1401:
484:, illegitimate daughter of Filippo Maria.
2820:
1849:
882:in 1495, the French were defeated in the
142:
2900:Ward, William, Leathes, Stanley (1912).
2953:
2860:
2805:
2667:
2634:Venceslao IV re di Boemia e di Germania
2597:List of governors of the Duchy of Milan
14:
2994:
2865:(Kindle ed.). 96: Pen and Sword.
2790:
2775:
2630:
2684:
2904:(2010 ed.). Nabu. p. 384.
1390:
874:to descend into Italy, starting the
147:
2946:A History of Milan under the Sforza
2689:The Renaissance and the Reformation
24:
2461:Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
25:
3033:
2836:Hargreaves- Mawdsley, HN (1979).
2204:(semi-salic blood proximity; see
1287:Odet de Foix, Viscount of Lautrec
286:Title purchased from German king
2494:
2470:
2446:
2421:
2414:
2342:
2335:
2291:
2267:
2242:
2235:
2183:
2159:
2152:
2090:Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick
2075:
2068:
1944:
1919:
1912:
1809:
1784:
1777:
1705:
1680:
1673:
1631:
1607:
1600:
1560:
1540:
1520:
1500:
1475:
1468:
1346:
1339:
1218:
1193:
1186:
1099:
1092:
995:
975:
950:
943:
824:
800:
793:
737:
730:
663:
656:
579:
554:
529:
522:
405:
380:
373:
317:
310:
240:
215:
208:
50:
44:
2936:
2893:
2854:
2829:
2814:
2799:
2784:
2769:
2514:
2510:
2490:
2466:
2442:
2366:
2362:
2287:
2263:
2179:
2099:
2095:
1968:
1964:
1940:
1829:
1825:
1805:
1729:
1725:
1701:
1627:
1556:
1536:
1516:
1496:
1370:
1366:
1238:
1234:
1214:
1015:
1011:
991:
971:
820:
761:
757:
687:
683:
599:
595:
575:
550:
425:
421:
401:
341:
337:
264:
260:
236:
2757:
2745:
2733:
2721:
2709:
2697:
2678:
2661:
2624:
2485:Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este
79:Wenceslaus, King of the Romans
13:
1:
2840:. Macmillan. pp. 15–16.
2617:
2174:Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor
1866:War of the Spanish Succession
2902:The Cambridge Modern History
2823:Emperor Charles V, 1500–1558
7:
3012:Lists of monarchs in Europe
2780:. Vol. 5. p. 191.
2590:
2579:
2570:
2505:Caroline Augusta of Bavaria
2455:(Not survived to adulthood)
2276:(Not survived to adulthood)
332:Antonia Malatesta of Cesena
133:Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia
56:Arms of Francesco I Sforza.
10:
3038:
2954:Adriano, Cappelli (1998).
2375:(14 survived to adulthood)
2206:Pragmatic Sanction of 1713
2192:(10 survived to adulthood)
1410:Philip, Prince of Asturias
1138:After their defeat in the
28:
3017:Lists of Italian nobility
2977:. Palgrave Macmillan US.
2607:List of consorts of Milan
2582:Kings of Lombardy-Venetia
2578:
2569:
2522:
2479:(7 survived to adulthood)
2434:
2420:
2413:
2399:
2394:
2320:
2220:
2137:
2108:(3 survived to adulthood)
2053:
2029:
2005:House of Habsburg-Austria
1953:(2 survived to adulthood)
1897:
1873:
1762:
1738:(2 survived to adulthood)
1714:(2 survived to adulthood)
1658:
1640:(5 survived to adulthood)
1585:
1569:(1 survived to adulthood)
1491:Maria Manuela of Portugal
1453:
1429:
1306:
1289:, the French governor of
1171:
1147:
1059:
928:
904:
888:Louis II, Duke of Orléans
614:(5 survived to adulthood)
489:
458:Golden Ambrosian Republic
249:(2 survived to adulthood)
175:
112:
104:
94:
84:
74:
66:
43:
38:
2885:: CS1 maint: location (
2716:Ady & Armstrong 1907
2704:Ady & Armstrong 1907
2437:Elisabeth of WĂĽrttemberg
2282:Maria Josepha of Bavaria
1993:grandnephew of Charles I
1250:Great great-grandson of
704:2 illegitimate children
608:Giovanna d'Acquapendente
272:2 illegitimate children
2861:Falkner, James (2015).
2602:List of mayors of Milan
2115:Cousin-once-removed of
1573:Title given by Emperor
1403:House of Habsburg-Spain
848:2 legitimized children
699:4 illegitimate children
611:7 illegitimate children
1851:House of Bourbon-Anjou
1800:Marie Louise d’Orléans
1252:Gian Galeazzo Visconti
1029:Gian Galeazzo Visconti
834:2 legitimized children
832:Bernardina de Corradis
626:Filippo Maria Visconti
438:Gian Galeazzo Visconti
352:Gian Galeazzo Visconti
156:Gian Galeazzo Visconti
143:List of dukes of Milan
89:Gian Galeazzo Visconti
1987:Charles I's last will
1820:Maria Anna of Neuburg
1416:and Milan entered in
1279:Henry VIII of England
590:Bianca Maria Visconti
482:Bianca Maria Visconti
433:1 illegitimate child
2357:Maria Luisa of Spain
2044:Succession right(s)
1935:Maria Luisa of Savoy
1888:Succession right(s)
1745:1 legitimized child
1444:Succession right(s)
1361:Christina of Denmark
1321:Succession right(s)
1162:Succession right(s)
1074:Succession right(s)
919:Succession right(s)
504:Succession right(s)
280:Galeazzo II Visconti
190:Succession right(s)
3022:Milan-related lists
2949:. Methuen & Co.
2121:Dukedom granted by
1696:Elisabeth of France
1622:Margaret of Austria
1531:Elisabeth of Valois
1140:Battle of Marignano
841:1 legitimized child
2573:Congress of Vienna
1843:(blood proximity)
1720:Mariana of Austria
1691:17 September 1665
1649:(blood proximity)
1486:13 September 1598
1414:Philip II of Spain
1384:(blood proximity)
1229:Eleanor of Austria
1027:Great-grandson of
896:Second Italian War
892:Valentina Visconti
856:(blood proximity)
853:Francesco I Sforza
811:17 September 1499
752:Isabella of Aragon
709:Francesco I Sforza
696:Lucrezia Landriani
474:Francesco I Sforza
231:Isabella of France
137:Congress of Vienna
2612:Timeline of Milan
2588:
2587:
2387:(blood proximity)
2258:Isabella of Parma
2253:20 February 1790
2170:29 November 1780
2123:Treaty of Rastatt
2019:of 1714, Emperor
2017:Treaty of Rastatt
2009:Habsburg-Lorraine
2001:
2000:
1994:
1959:Elisabeth Farnese
1847:
1846:
1791:17 September 1665
1614:13 September 1598
1511:Mary I of England
1392:House of Habsburg
1388:
1387:
1275:Emperor Charles V
1263:
1262:
1204:20 November 1521
1128:
1127:
1040:
1039:
884:Battle of Fornovo
876:First Italian War
860:
859:
845:Lucrezia Crivelli
838:Cecilia Gallerani
674:26 December 1476
634:Right of conquest
563:(died in infancy)
445:
444:
396:Beatrice of Tenda
255:Caterina Visconti
226:3 September 1402
149:House of Visconti
122:
121:
16:(Redirected from
3029:
3007:History of Milan
2988:
2969:
2950:
2930:
2929:
2923:
2915:
2897:
2891:
2890:
2884:
2876:
2858:
2852:
2851:
2833:
2827:
2826:
2818:
2812:
2811:
2803:
2797:
2796:
2788:
2782:
2781:
2773:
2767:
2764:Baumgartner 1996
2761:
2755:
2752:Baumgartner 1996
2749:
2743:
2740:Baumgartner 1996
2737:
2731:
2728:Baumgartner 1996
2725:
2719:
2713:
2707:
2701:
2695:
2694:
2692:
2682:
2676:
2675:
2665:
2659:
2658:
2652:
2648:
2646:
2638:
2628:
2584:
2575:
2547:
2541:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2480:
2474:
2472:
2468:
2456:
2450:
2448:
2444:
2425:
2418:
2411:
2403:
2402:
2376:
2370:
2368:
2364:
2349:20 February 1790
2346:
2339:
2332:
2324:
2323:
2295:
2293:
2289:
2277:
2271:
2269:
2265:
2249:29 November 1780
2246:
2239:
2232:
2224:
2223:
2193:
2187:
2185:
2181:
2163:
2156:
2149:
2141:
2140:
2109:
2103:
2101:
2097:
2086:20 October 1740
2079:
2072:
2065:
2057:
2056:
2027:
2026:
1992:
1980:Heir-general of
1972:
1970:
1966:
1954:
1948:
1946:
1942:
1923:
1916:
1909:
1901:
1900:
1871:
1870:
1833:
1831:
1827:
1813:
1811:
1807:
1795:1 November 1700
1788:
1781:
1774:
1766:
1765:
1753:(primogeniture)
1739:
1733:
1731:
1727:
1715:
1709:
1707:
1703:
1684:
1677:
1670:
1662:
1661:
1641:
1635:
1633:
1629:
1611:
1604:
1597:
1589:
1588:
1570:
1564:
1562:
1558:
1544:
1542:
1538:
1524:
1522:
1518:
1504:
1502:
1498:
1479:
1472:
1465:
1457:
1456:
1427:
1426:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1357:24 October 1535
1350:
1343:
1336:
1304:
1303:
1295:Prospero Colonna
1242:
1240:
1236:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1209:Claude of France
1197:
1190:
1183:
1175:
1174:
1145:
1144:
1124:(primogeniture)
1115:
1103:
1096:
1089:
1057:
1056:
1019:
1017:
1013:
999:
997:
993:
986:Anne of Brittany
979:
977:
973:
954:
947:
940:
932:
931:
902:
901:
880:League of Venice
828:
826:
822:
804:
797:
790:
775:(primogeniture)
765:
763:
759:
748:21 October 1494
744:26 December 1476
741:
734:
727:
712:(primogeniture)
691:
689:
685:
667:
660:
653:
615:
603:
601:
597:
583:
581:
577:
564:
558:
556:
552:
533:
526:
519:
487:
486:
429:
427:
423:
409:
407:
403:
384:
377:
370:
355:(primogeniture)
345:
343:
339:
324:3 September 1402
321:
314:
307:
268:
266:
262:
250:
244:
242:
238:
222:5 September 1395
219:
212:
205:
173:
172:
70:5 September 1395
54:
48:
36:
35:
21:
3037:
3036:
3032:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3026:
2992:
2991:
2985:
2966:
2939:
2934:
2933:
2917:
2916:
2912:
2898:
2894:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2859:
2855:
2848:
2834:
2830:
2819:
2815:
2804:
2800:
2789:
2785:
2774:
2770:
2762:
2758:
2750:
2746:
2738:
2734:
2726:
2722:
2714:
2710:
2702:
2698:
2683:
2679:
2666:
2662:
2650:
2649:
2640:
2639:
2629:
2625:
2620:
2593:
2564:
2562:
2555:Napoleonic Wars
2549:
2545:
2540:Does not appear
2539:
2534:
2531:(primogeniture)
2530:
2519:
2508:
2507:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2488:
2487:
2482:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2464:
2463:
2458:
2457:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2440:
2439:
2431:
2429:
2409:
2407:
2406:
2400:
2398:
2390:
2386:
2374:
2373:
2371:
2360:
2359:
2352:
2350:
2330:
2328:
2327:
2321:
2319:
2311:
2308:(primogeniture)
2307:
2296:
2285:
2284:
2279:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2261:
2260:
2252:
2250:
2230:
2228:
2227:
2221:
2219:
2211:
2203:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2177:
2176:
2169:
2167:
2166:20 October 1740
2147:
2145:
2144:
2138:
2136:
2128:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2093:
2092:
2085:
2083:
2063:
2061:
2060:
2054:
2052:
2040:
2013:
1997:
1984:
1973:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1955:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1938:
1937:
1929:
1927:
1926:1 November 1700
1907:
1905:
1904:
1898:
1896:
1884:
1858:Philip of Anjou
1854:
1842:
1834:
1823:
1822:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1803:
1802:
1794:
1792:
1772:
1770:
1769:
1763:
1761:
1752:
1744:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1723:
1722:
1717:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1699:
1698:
1690:
1688:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1659:
1657:
1648:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1625:
1624:
1617:
1615:
1595:
1593:
1592:
1586:
1584:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1554:
1553:
1551:Anna of Austria
1548:
1547:
1545:
1534:
1533:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1514:
1513:
1508:
1507:
1505:
1494:
1493:
1485:
1483:
1482:11 October 1540
1463:
1461:
1460:
1454:
1452:
1440:
1406:
1395:
1383:
1381:Ludovico Sforza
1375:
1364:
1363:
1356:
1354:
1334:
1332:
1331:
1317:
1271:
1267:House of Sforza
1259:
1243:
1232:
1231:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1212:
1211:
1203:
1201:
1200:11 October 1515
1181:
1179:
1178:
1172:
1170:
1158:
1136:
1132:House of Valois
1123:
1121:Ludovico Sforza
1114:Does not appear
1113:
1110:5 October 1515
1109:
1107:
1087:
1085:
1084:
1070:
1048:
1044:House of Sforza
1036:
1020:
1009:
1008:
1006:Mary of England
1003:
1002:
1000:
989:
988:
983:
982:
980:
969:
968:
960:
958:
938:
936:
935:
929:
927:
915:
868:
864:House of Valois
855:
847:
843:
842:
840:
836:
835:
833:
831:
829:
818:
817:
815:Beatrice d'Este
810:
808:
807:21 October 1494
788:
786:
785:
774:
766:
755:
754:
747:
745:
725:
723:
722:
711:
703:
701:
700:
698:
694:
692:
681:
680:
673:
671:
651:
649:
648:
638:
613:
612:
610:
606:
604:
593:
592:
587:
586:
584:
573:
572:
566:
565:
562:
561:
559:
548:
547:
545:Polissena Ruffo
539:
537:
517:
515:
514:
500:
453:
449:House of Sforza
440:
432:
430:
419:
418:
413:
412:
410:
399:
398:
391:13 August 1447
390:
388:
368:
366:
365:
354:
346:
335:
334:
327:
325:
305:
303:
302:
292:
283:(primogeniture)
282:
271:
269:
258:
257:
252:
251:
248:
247:
245:
234:
233:
225:
223:
203:
201:
200:
186:
164:King Wenceslaus
152:
145:
105:Extinction date
62:
57:
49:
34:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3035:
3025:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
3002:Dukes of Milan
2990:
2989:
2983:
2970:
2964:
2951:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2931:
2910:
2892:
2871:
2853:
2846:
2828:
2813:
2798:
2795:. p. 333.
2783:
2768:
2756:
2744:
2732:
2720:
2708:
2696:
2693:. p. 268.
2677:
2660:
2622:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2585:
2577:
2567:
2566:
2558:
2557:
2536:
2535:
2533:
2532:
2523:
2521:
2433:
2426:
2419:
2412:
2401:(Francesco II)
2392:
2391:
2389:
2388:
2379:
2377:
2354:
2347:
2340:
2333:
2313:
2312:
2310:
2309:
2300:
2298:
2254:
2247:
2240:
2233:
2213:
2212:
2210:
2209:
2196:
2194:
2171:
2164:
2157:
2150:
2139:(Maria Teresa)
2130:
2129:
2127:
2126:
2119:
2112:
2110:
2087:
2080:
2073:
2066:
2046:
2045:
2042:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2012:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1995:
1990:
1977:
1975:
1931:
1924:
1917:
1910:
1890:
1889:
1886:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1862:Dutch Republic
1853:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1836:
1796:
1789:
1782:
1775:
1755:
1754:
1746:
1742:MarĂa CalderĂłn
1692:
1685:
1678:
1671:
1651:
1650:
1642:
1619:
1618:31 March 1621
1612:
1605:
1598:
1578:
1577:
1571:
1487:
1480:
1473:
1466:
1446:
1445:
1442:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1418:personal union
1405:
1400:
1394:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1377:
1358:
1351:
1344:
1337:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1270:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1257:
1254:
1247:
1245:
1205:
1198:
1191:
1184:
1164:
1163:
1160:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1135:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1117:
1116:Never married
1111:
1104:
1097:
1090:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1047:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1024:
1022:
966:Joan of France
962:
957:6 October 1499
955:
948:
941:
921:
920:
917:
912:
909:
906:
867:
861:
858:
857:
849:
812:
805:
798:
791:
777:
776:
772:Galeazzo Maria
768:
749:
742:
735:
728:
714:
713:
705:
702:Lucia Marliani
675:
668:
661:
654:
645:Galeazzo Maria
640:
639:
637:
636:
628:
624:Son-in-law of
618:
616:
569:Jacopo Caldora
541:
534:
527:
520:
506:
505:
502:
497:
494:
491:
452:
446:
443:
442:
441:(brotherhood)
434:
392:
385:
378:
371:
357:
356:
348:
329:
322:
315:
308:
299:Giovanni Maria
294:
293:
291:
290:
284:
275:
273:
227:
220:
213:
206:
192:
191:
188:
183:
180:
177:
151:
146:
144:
141:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
106:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
76:
72:
71:
68:
64:
63:
55:
41:
40:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3034:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2999:
2997:
2986:
2984:0-312-12072-9
2980:
2976:
2971:
2967:
2965:88-203-2502-0
2961:
2957:
2952:
2948:
2947:
2941:
2940:
2927:
2921:
2913:
2907:
2903:
2896:
2888:
2882:
2874:
2872:9781473872905
2868:
2864:
2857:
2849:
2843:
2839:
2832:
2825:. p. 52.
2824:
2817:
2810:. p. 88.
2809:
2802:
2794:
2787:
2779:
2772:
2766:, p. 117
2765:
2760:
2754:, p. 114
2753:
2748:
2742:, p. 105
2741:
2736:
2729:
2724:
2717:
2712:
2705:
2700:
2691:
2690:
2681:
2674:(in Italian).
2673:
2672:
2664:
2656:
2644:
2637:(in Italian).
2636:
2635:
2627:
2623:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2594:
2583:
2574:
2568:
2565:7 April 1815
2561:11 April 1814
2560:
2559:
2556:
2552:
2551:Revolutionary
2544:
2538:
2537:
2529:
2525:
2524:
2506:
2486:
2462:
2438:
2427:
2424:
2417:
2405:
2404:
2393:
2385:
2384:Maria Theresa
2381:
2380:
2378:
2358:
2355:
2353:1 March 1792
2348:
2345:
2341:
2338:
2334:
2326:
2325:
2315:
2314:
2306:
2305:Maria Theresa
2302:
2301:
2299:
2283:
2259:
2255:
2248:
2245:
2241:
2238:
2234:
2226:
2225:
2215:
2214:
2207:
2202:
2198:
2197:
2195:
2175:
2172:
2165:
2162:
2158:
2155:
2151:
2143:
2142:
2135:Maria Theresa
2132:
2131:
2124:
2120:
2118:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2091:
2088:
2081:
2078:
2074:
2071:
2067:
2059:
2058:
2048:
2047:
2043:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2018:
2010:
2006:
1991:
1988:
1983:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1960:
1936:
1932:
1930:7 March 1714
1925:
1922:
1918:
1915:
1911:
1903:
1902:
1892:
1891:
1887:
1882:
1879:
1876:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1852:
1841:
1837:
1821:
1801:
1797:
1790:
1787:
1783:
1780:
1776:
1768:
1767:
1757:
1756:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1721:
1697:
1693:
1687:31 March 1621
1686:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1664:
1663:
1660:(Filippo III)
1653:
1652:
1647:
1643:
1623:
1620:
1613:
1610:
1606:
1603:
1599:
1591:
1590:
1580:
1579:
1576:
1572:
1552:
1532:
1512:
1492:
1488:
1481:
1478:
1474:
1471:
1467:
1459:
1458:
1448:
1447:
1443:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1422:Spanish Crown
1419:
1415:
1411:
1404:
1399:
1393:
1382:
1378:
1362:
1359:
1352:
1349:
1345:
1342:
1338:
1330:
1329:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1268:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1230:
1210:
1206:
1199:
1196:
1192:
1189:
1185:
1177:
1176:
1173:(Francesco I)
1166:
1165:
1161:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1133:
1122:
1118:
1112:
1105:
1102:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1045:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1007:
987:
967:
963:
961:20 June 1512
956:
953:
949:
946:
942:
934:
933:
923:
922:
918:
913:
910:
907:
903:
900:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
865:
854:
850:
846:
839:
816:
813:
806:
803:
799:
796:
792:
784:
783:
779:
778:
773:
769:
753:
750:
743:
740:
736:
733:
729:
721:
720:
719:Gian Galeazzo
716:
715:
710:
706:
697:
679:
678:Bona of Savoy
676:
669:
666:
662:
659:
655:
647:
646:
642:
641:
635:
632:
629:
627:
623:
620:
619:
617:
609:
591:
570:
546:
542:
540:8 March 1466
536:25 March 1450
535:
532:
528:
525:
521:
513:
512:
508:
507:
503:
498:
495:
492:
488:
485:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
450:
439:
435:
417:
416:Mary of Savoy
397:
393:
386:
383:
379:
376:
372:
364:
363:
362:Filippo Maria
359:
358:
353:
349:
333:
330:
323:
320:
316:
313:
309:
301:
300:
296:
295:
289:
288:Wenceslaus IV
285:
281:
277:
276:
274:
256:
232:
228:
221:
218:
214:
211:
207:
199:
198:
197:Gian Galeazzo
194:
193:
189:
184:
181:
178:
174:
171:
169:
165:
161:
160:Duke of Milan
157:
150:
140:
138:
134:
130:
127:was ruled by
126:
118:
117:Sforza Castle
115:
111:
107:
103:
100:
97:
93:
90:
87:
83:
80:
77:
73:
69:
67:Creation date
65:
60:
53:
47:
42:
39:Duke of Milan
37:
32:
31:Lord of Milan
27:
19:
18:Duke of Milan
2974:
2955:
2945:
2937:Bibliography
2901:
2895:
2862:
2856:
2837:
2831:
2822:
2816:
2807:
2801:
2792:
2786:
2777:
2771:
2759:
2747:
2735:
2730:, p. 40
2723:
2718:, p. 60
2711:
2706:, p. 47
2699:
2688:
2680:
2670:
2663:
2633:
2626:
2432:15 May 1796
2428:1 March 1792
2395:
2322:(Leopoldo I)
2316:
2222:(Giuseppe I)
2216:
2199:Daughter of
2133:
2082:7 March 1714
2049:
2014:
1899:(Filippo IV)
1893:
1855:
1758:
1654:
1587:(Filippo II)
1581:
1449:
1407:
1396:
1353:4 April 1522
1328:Francesco II
1326:
1272:
1167:
1137:
1106:16 June 1512
1081:Massimiliano
1079:
1052:Massimiliano
1049:
924:
872:Charles VIII
869:
780:
717:
670:8 March 1466
643:
630:
622:By pretence:
621:
509:
478:Annunciation
454:
360:
328:16 May 1412
297:
195:
159:
153:
123:
85:First holder
58:
26:
2651:|work=
2546:(1796–1814)
2543:Interregnum
2476:11 children
2372:16 children
2189:15 children
2039:Marriage(s)
1974:6 children
1883:Marriage(s)
1455:(Filippo I)
1439:Marriage(s)
1316:Marriage(s)
1157:Marriage(s)
1069:Marriage(s)
1001:2 Daughters
930:(Luigi XII)
914:Marriage(s)
767:3 children
571:'s daughter
511:Francesco I
499:Marriage(s)
387:16 May 1412
185:Marriage(s)
158:was titled
108:9 June 1815
95:Last holder
2996:Categories
2958:. Hoepli.
2911:1174382058
2847:0333146123
2618:References
2571:Since the
2520:Childless
2397:Francis II
2297:Childless
2273:2 children
2201:Charles II
2105:4 children
2055:(Carlo II)
2051:Charles II
2021:Charles VI
2015:After the
1950:4 children
1840:Philip III
1835:Childless
1735:5 children
1711:8 children
1656:Philip III
1637:8 children
1566:5 children
1546:2 children
1509:(2) Queen
1376:Childless
1299:Adda River
1283:Pope Leo X
1269:(3rd rule)
1244:Childless
1224:7 children
1134:(2nd rule)
1046:(2nd rule)
1021:Childless
866:(1st rule)
830:2 children
693:4 children
605:8 children
560:1 daughter
451:(1st rule)
347:Childless
270:2 children
246:4 children
99:Francis II
75:Created by
2975:Louis XII
2920:cite book
2881:cite book
2653:ignored (
2643:cite book
2528:Leopold I
2500:Childless
2410:(aged 67)
2408:1768–1835
2331:(aged 44)
2329:1747–1792
2318:Leopold I
2231:(aged 48)
2229:1741–1790
2148:(aged 63)
2146:1717–1780
2117:Charles I
2064:(aged 55)
2062:1685–1740
1982:Charles I
1908:(aged 62)
1906:1683–1746
1895:Philip IV
1868:in 1701.
1815:Childless
1773:(aged 38)
1771:1661–1700
1764:(Carlo I)
1760:Charles I
1750:Philip II
1669:(aged 60)
1667:1605–1665
1596:(aged 42)
1594:1578–1621
1583:Philip II
1575:Charles V
1526:Childless
1464:(aged 71)
1462:1527–1598
1420:with the
1335:(aged 40)
1333:1495–1535
1182:(aged 52)
1180:1494–1547
1169:Francis I
1088:(aged 37)
1086:1493–1530
981:Childless
939:(aged 52)
937:1462–1515
926:Louis XII
789:(aged 55)
787:1452–1508
726:(aged 25)
724:1469–1494
652:(aged 32)
650:1444–1476
631:De facto:
585:Childless
518:(aged 64)
516:1401–1466
431:Childless
411:Childless
369:(aged 54)
367:1392–1447
306:(aged 23)
304:1388–1412
204:(aged 50)
202:1351–1402
154:In 1395,
2591:See also
2218:Joseph I
1646:Philip I
1451:Philip I
782:Ludovico
2526:Son of
2452:1 child
2382:Son of
2303:Son of
2036:Tenure
1880:Tenure
1838:Son of
1748:Son of
1644:Son of
1506:1 child
1436:Tenure
1379:Son of
1313:Tenure
1154:Tenure
1119:Son of
1066:Tenure
911:Tenure
851:Son of
770:Son of
707:Son of
496:Tenure
436:Son of
350:Son of
278:Son of
182:Tenure
168:florins
135:by the
113:Seat(s)
2981:
2962:
2908:
2869:
2844:
2513:1816;
2493:1808;
2469:1790;
2445:1788;
2365:1765;
2290:1765;
2266:1760;
2182:1736;
2125:(1714)
2098:1708;
2041:Issue
2007:(then
1967:1714;
1943:1701;
1885:Issue
1828:1690;
1808:1679;
1728:1649;
1704:1615;
1630:1599;
1559:1570;
1539:1559;
1519:1554;
1499:1543;
1441:Issue
1369:1534;
1318:Issue
1281:, and
1237:1530;
1217:1514;
1159:Issue
1071:Issue
1014:1514;
994:1499;
974:1476;
916:Issue
823:1491;
760:1489;
686:1468;
598:1441;
578:1424;
567:(2) A
553:1418;
501:Issue
470:France
462:Venice
424:1428;
404:1412;
340:1408;
263:1380;
239:1360;
187:Issue
2517:1835)
2497:1816)
2473:1807)
2449:1790)
2369:1792)
2294:1767)
2270:1763)
2186:1765)
2102:1740)
2033:Arms
2030:Duke
1985:(See
1971:1746)
1947:1714)
1877:Arms
1874:Duke
1832:1700)
1812:1689)
1732:1665)
1708:1644)
1634:1611)
1563:1580)
1543:1568)
1523:1558)
1503:1545)
1433:Arms
1430:Duke
1373:1535)
1310:Arms
1307:Duke
1291:Milan
1241:1547)
1221:1524)
1151:Arms
1148:Duke
1063:Arms
1060:Duke
1018:1515)
998:1514)
978:1498)
908:Arms
905:Duke
827:1499)
764:1494)
690:1503)
602:1466)
582:142?)
557:1420)
493:Arms
490:Duke
466:Savoy
428:1447)
408:1418)
344:1412)
267:1402)
243:1372)
179:Arms
176:Duke
129:dukes
125:Milan
2979:ISBN
2960:ISBN
2926:link
2906:ISBN
2887:link
2867:ISBN
2842:ISBN
2655:help
2580:See
2553:and
2503:(4)
2483:(3)
2459:(2)
2435:(1)
2280:(2)
2256:(1)
1957:(2)
1933:(1)
1818:(2)
1798:(1)
1718:(2)
1694:(1)
1549:(4)
1529:(3)
1489:(1)
1227:(2)
1207:(1)
1004:(3)
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976:ann.
964:(1)
588:(3)
580:ann.
543:(1)
464:and
414:(2)
394:(1)
253:(2)
229:(1)
406:ex.
162:by
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2641:{{
2576:→
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2180:m.
2100:w.
2096:m.
1969:w.
1965:m.
1945:d.
1941:m.
1830:w.
1826:m.
1810:d.
1806:m.
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1726:m.
1706:d.
1702:m.
1632:d.
1628:m.
1561:d.
1557:m.
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1537:m.
1521:d.
1517:m.
1501:d.
1497:m.
1424:.
1371:w.
1367:m.
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1219:d.
1215:m.
1016:w.
1012:m.
996:d.
992:m.
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825:d.
821:m.
762:w.
758:m.
688:w.
684:m.
600:w.
596:m.
576:m.
555:d.
551:m.
426:w.
422:m.
402:m.
342:w.
338:m.
265:w.
261:m.
241:d.
237:m.
139:.
2987:.
2968:.
2928:)
2914:.
2889:)
2875:.
2850:.
2657:)
2563:–
2548::
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2208:)
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2168:–
2094:(
2084:–
2011:)
1989:)
1963:(
1939:(
1928:–
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819:(
809:–
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682:(
672:–
594:(
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61:.
33:.
20:)
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