1051:
smaller motoring dynamometer. Alternatively, a larger absorption dynamometer and a simple AC or DC motor may be used in a similar manner, with the electric motor only providing motoring power when required (and no absorption). The (cheaper) absorption dynamometer is sized for the maximum required absorption, whereas the motoring dynamometer is sized for motoring. A typical size ratio for common emission test cycles and most engine development is approximately 3:1. Torque measurement is somewhat complicated since there are two machines in tandem - an inline torque transducer is the preferred method of torque measurement in this case. An eddy-current or waterbrake dynamometer, with electronic control combined with a variable frequency drive and AC induction motor, is a commonly used configuration of this type. Disadvantages include requiring a second set of test cell services (electrical power and cooling), and a slightly more complicated control system. Attention must be paid to the transition between motoring and braking in terms of control stability.
1134:: an inertia dyno system provides a fixed inertial mass flywheel and computes the power required to accelerate the flywheel (the load) from the starting to the ending RPM. The actual rotational mass of the engine (or engine and vehicle in the case of a chassis dyno) is not known, and the variability of even the mass of the tires will skew the power results. The inertia value of the flywheel is "fixed", so low-power engines are under load for a much longer time and internal engine temperatures are usually too high by the end of the test, skewing optimal "dyno" tuning settings away from the optimal tuning settings of the outside world. Conversely, high powered engines commonly complete a "4th gear sweep" test in less than 10 seconds, which is not a reliable load condition as compared to operation in the real world. By not providing enough time under load, internal combustion chamber temperatures are unrealistically low and power readings - especially past the power peak - are skewed to the low side.
981:
the oil between the discs and plates applying a torque. Torque can be controlled pneumatically or hydraulically. Force lubrication maintains a film of oil between the surfaces to eliminate wear. Reaction is smooth down to zero RPM without stick-slip. Loads up to hundreds of thermal horsepower can be absorbed through the required force lubrication and cooling unit. Most often, the brake is kinetically grounded through a torque arm anchored by a strain gauge which produces a current under load fed to the dynamometer control. Proportional or servo control valves are generally used to allow the dynamometer control to apply pressure to provide the program torque load with feedback from the strain gauge closing the loop. As torque requirements go up there are speed limitations.
264:
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engine is brought up to the desired RPM and the valve is incrementally closed. As the pumps outlet is restricted, the load increases and the throttle is simply opened until at the desired throttle opening. Unlike most other systems, power is calculated by factoring flow volume (calculated from pump design specifications), hydraulic pressure, and RPM. Brake HP, whether figured with pressure, volume, and RPM, or with a different load cell-type brake dyno, should produce essentially identical power figures. Hydraulic dynos are renowned for having the quickest load change ability, just slightly surpassing eddy current absorbers. The downside is that they require large quantities of hot oil under high pressure and an oil reservoir.
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999:
726:
58:
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test cycles for early development and calibration. An eddy current dyno system offers fast load response, which allows rapid tracking of speed and load, but does not allow motoring. Since most required transient tests contain a significant amount of motoring operation, a transient test cycle with an eddy-current dyno will generate different emissions test results. Final adjustments are required to be done on a motoring-capable dyno.
1038:
1146:: a fixed load - of somewhat less than the output of the engine - is applied during the test. The engine is allowed to accelerate from its starting RPM to its ending RPM, varying at its own acceleration rate, depending on power output at any particular rotational speed. Power is calculated using (rotational speed x torque x constant) + the power required to accelerate the dyno and engine's/vehicle's rotating mass.
220:, dynamometers are used to provide simulated road loading of either the engine (using an engine dynamometer) or full powertrain (using a chassis dynamometer). Beyond simple power and torque measurements, dynamometers can be used as part of a testbed for a variety of engine development activities, such as the calibration of engine management controllers, detailed investigations into combustion behavior, and
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engine dyno shows that a particular engine achieves 400 N⋅m (295 lbf⋅ft) of torque, and a chassis dynamo shows only 350 N⋅m (258 lbf⋅ft), one would know that the drivetrain losses are nominal. Dynamometers are typically very expensive pieces of equipment, and so are normally used only in certain fields that rely on them for a particular purpose.
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allowed to accelerate the engine through the desired speed or RPM range. Constant force test routines require the PAU to be set slightly torque deficient as referenced to prime mover output to allow some rate of acceleration. Power is calculated based on rotational speed x torque x constant. The constant varies depending on the units used.
941:(DC) motor. Either an AC motor or a DC motor can operate as a generator that is driven by the unit under test or a motor that drives the unit under test. When equipped with appropriate control units, electric motor/generator dynamometers can be configured as universal dynamometers. The control unit for an AC motor is a
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Integration of the dynamometer control system with automatic calibration tools for engine system calibration is often found in development test cell systems. In these systems, the dynamometer load and engine speed are varied to many engine operating points, while selected engine management parameters
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Aggressive throttle movements, engine speed changes, and engine motoring are characteristics of most transient engine tests. The usual purpose of these tests are vehicle emissions development and homologation. In some cases, the lower-cost eddy-current dynamometer is used to test one of the transient
1033:
The schematic shows the most common type of water brake, known as the "variable level" type. Water is added until the engine is held at a steady RPM against the load, with the water then kept at that level and replaced by constant draining and refilling (which is needed to carry away the heat created
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An oil shear brake has a series of friction discs and steel plates similar to the clutches in an automobile automatic transmission. The shaft carrying the friction discs is attached to the load through a coupling. A piston pushes the stack of friction discs and steel plates together creating shear in
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Hysteresis dynamometers use a magnetic rotor, sometimes of AlNiCo alloy, that is moved through flux lines generated between magnetic pole pieces. The magnetisation of the rotor is thus cycled around its B-H characteristic, dissipating energy proportional to the area between the lines of that graph as
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A dynamometer consists of an absorption (or absorber/driver) unit, and usually includes a means for measuring torque and rotational speed. An absorption unit consists of some type of rotor in a housing. The rotor is coupled to the engine or other equipment under test and is free to rotate at whatever
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to produce a machine capable of absorbing and measuring the power of large naval engines. Water brake absorbers are relatively common today. They are noted for their high power capability, small size, light weight, and relatively low manufacturing costs as compared to other, quicker reacting, "power
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The hydraulic brake system consists of a hydraulic pump (usually a gear-type pump), a fluid reservoir, and piping between the two parts. Inserted in the piping is an adjustable valve, and between the pump and the valve is a gauge or other means of measuring hydraulic pressure. In simplest terms, the
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The dynamometer has a "braking" torque regulator - the power absorption unit is configured to provide a set braking force torque load, while the prime mover is configured to operate at whatever throttle opening, fuel delivery rate, or any other variable it is desired to test. The prime mover is then
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An 'inertia' dynamometer provides a fixed inertial mass load, calculates the power required to accelerate that fixed and known mass, and uses a computer to record RPM and acceleration rate to calculate torque. The engine is generally tested from somewhat above idle to its maximum RPM and the output
1050:
In most cases, motoring dynamometers are symmetrical; a 300 kW AC dynamometer can absorb 300 kW as well as motor at 300 kW. This is an uncommon requirement in engine testing and development. Sometimes, a more cost-effective solution is to attach a larger absorption dynamometer with a
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Unlike eddy current brakes, which develop no torque at standstill, the hysteresis brake develops largely constant torque, proportional to its magnetising current (or magnet strength in the case of permanent magnet units) over its entire speed range. Units often incorporate ventilation slots, though
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A powder dynamometer is similar to an eddy current dynamometer, but a fine magnetic powder is placed in the air gap between the rotor and the coil. The resulting flux lines create "chains" of metal particulate that are constantly built and broken apart during rotation, creating great torque. Powder
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The power absorption unit (PAU) of a dynamometer absorbs the power developed by the prime mover. This power absorbed by the dynamometer is then converted into heat, which generally dissipates into the ambient air or transfers to cooling water that dissipates into the air. Regenerative dynamometers,
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Dynamometers are useful in the development and refinement of modern engine technology. The concept is to use a dyno to measure and compare power transfer at different points on a vehicle, thus allowing the engine or drivetrain to be modified to get more efficient power transfer. For example, if an
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realms, force dynamometers are used for measuring the back, grip, arm, and/or leg strength of athletes, patients, and workers to evaluate physical status, performance, and task demands. Typically the force applied to a lever or through a cable is measured and then converted to a moment of force by
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development and homologation dynamometer test systems often integrate emissions sampling, measurement, engine speed and load control, data acquisition, and safety monitoring into a complete test cell system. These test systems usually include complex emissions sampling equipment (such as constant
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A "sweep test" will almost always be suspect, as many "sweep" users ignore the rotating mass factor, preferring to use a blanket "factor" on every test on every engine or vehicle. Simple inertia dyno systems aren't capable of deriving "inertial mass", and thus are forced to use the same (assumed)
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Transient test: usually done with AC or DC dynamometers, the engine power and speed are varied throughout the test cycle. Different test cycles are used in different jurisdictions. Chassis test cycles include the US light-duty UDDS, HWFET, US06, SC03, ECE, EUDC, and CD34, while engine test cycles
1099:
A 'motoring' dynamometer provides the features of a brake dyno system, but in addition, can "power" (usually with an AC or DC motor) the PM and allow testing of very small power outputs (for example, duplicating speeds and loads that are experienced when operating a vehicle traveling downhill or
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If the dynamometer has a speed regulator (human or computer), the PAU provides a variable amount of braking force (torque) that is necessary to cause the prime mover to operate at the desired single test speed or RPM. The PAU braking load applied to the prime mover can be manually controlled or
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sample preparation systems) and analyzers. These analyzers are much more sensitive and much faster than a typical portable exhaust gas analyzer. Response times of well under one second are common, and are required by many transient test cycles. In retail settings it is also common to tune the
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Their drawbacks are that they can take a relatively long period of time to "stabilize" their load amount, and that they require a constant supply of water to the "water brake housing" for cooling. Environmental regulations may prohibit "flow through" water, in which case large water tanks are
1164:
In every type of sweep test, there remains the issue of potential power reading error due to the variable engine/dyno/vehicle total rotating mass. Many modern computer-controlled brake dyno systems are capable of deriving that "inertial mass" value, so as to eliminate this error.
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1002:
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speed is required for the test. Some means is provided to develop a braking torque between the rotor and housing of the dynamometer. The means for developing torque can be frictional, hydraulic, electromagnetic, or otherwise, according to the type of absorption/driver unit.
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drive rollers. Chassis dynamometers can be fixed or portable, and can do much more than display RPM, power, and torque. With modern electronics and quick reacting, low inertia dyno systems, it is now possible to tune to best power and the smoothest runs in real time.
1363:
The eddy current dynamometer was invented by Martin and
Anthony Winther around 1931, but at that time, DC Motor/generator dynamometers had been in use for many years. A company founded by the Winthers brothers, Dynamatic Corporation, manufactured dynamometers in
874:
Eddy current (EC) dynamometers are currently the most common absorbers used in modern chassis dynos. The EC absorbers provide a quick load change rate for rapid load settling. Most are air cooled, but some are designed to require external water cooling systems.
767:
With electrical absorption units, it is possible to determine torque by measuring the current drawn (or generated) by the absorber/driver. This is generally a less accurate method and not much practiced in modern times, but it may be adequate for some purposes.
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570:
1116:
Sweep test: the engine is tested under a load (i.e. inertia or brake loading), but allowed to "sweep" up in RPM, in a continuous fashion, from a specified lower "starting" RPM to a specified "end" RPM. These tests can be done with inertia or brake
878:
Eddy current dynamometers require an electrically conductive core, shaft, or disc moving across a magnetic field to produce resistance to movement. Iron is a common material, but copper, aluminum, and other conductive materials are also usable.
325:
acts as a motor that drives the equipment under test. It must be able to drive the equipment at any speed and develop any level of torque that the test requires. In common usage, AC or DC motors are used to drive the equipment or "load" device.
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Because of frictional and mechanical losses in the various drivetrain components, the measured wheel brake horsepower is generally 15-20 percent less than the brake horsepower measured at the crankshaft or flywheel on an engine dynamometer.
949:. In both cases, regenerative control units can transfer power from the unit under test to the electric utility. Where permitted, the operator of the dynamometer can receive payment (or credit) from the utility for the returned power via
812:
Dynamometers can also be classified by the type of absorption unit or absorber/driver that they use. Some units that are capable of absorption only can be combined with a motor to construct an absorber/driver or "universal" dynamometer.
745:
is positioned so that it measures the force exerted by the dyno housing in attempting to rotate. The torque is the force indicated by the scales multiplied by the length of the torque arm measured from the center of the dynamometer. A
1112:
Steady state: where the engine is held at a specified RPM (or series of usually sequential RPMs) for a desired amount of time by the variable brake loading as provided by the PAU (power absorber unit). These are performed with brake
239:, and the initial and ongoing evaluation of patients with hand trauma or dysfunction. They are also used to measure grip strength in patients where compromise of the cervical nerve roots or peripheral nerves is suspected.
278:
Absorbing dynamometers are not to be confused with "inertia" dynamometers, which calculate power solely by measuring power required to accelerate a known mass drive roller and provide no variable load to the prime mover.
215:
In addition to being used to determine the torque or power characteristics of a machine under test, dynamometers are employed in a number of other roles. In standard emissions testing cycles such as those defined by the
673:
882:
In current (2009) applications, most EC brakes use cast iron discs similar to vehicle disc brake rotors, and use variable electromagnets to change the magnetic field strength to control the amount of braking.
1001:
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A fan is used to blow air to provide engine load. The torque absorbed by a fan brake may be adjusted by changing the gearing or the fan itself, or by restricting the airflow through the fan. Due to the low
286:
in which the prime mover drives a DC motor as a generator to create load, make excess DC power and potentially - using a DC/AC inverter - can feed AC power back into the commercial electrical power grid.
1160:: the acceleration rate used is controlled from low power to high power engines, and overextension and contraction of "test duration" is avoided, providing more repeatable tests and tuning results.
805:
A dyno that can measure torque and power delivered by the power train of a vehicle directly from the drive wheel or wheels without removing the engine from the frame of the vehicle), is known as a
1084:
A 'brake' dynamometer applies variable load on the prime mover (PM) and measures the PM's ability to move or hold the RPM as related to the "braking force" applied. It is usually connected to a
1152:: similar in basic usage as the (above) simple fixed load sweep test, but with the addition of active load control that targets a specific rate of acceleration. Commonly, 20fps/ps is used.
1656:"The Engineer's and Mechanic's Encyclopædia: Comprehending Practical Illustrations of the Machinery and Processes Employed in Every Description of Manufacture of the British Empire"
1376:
acquired the
Dynamatic dynamometer product line. Starting in 1938, Heenan & Froude manufactured eddy current dynamometers for many years under license from Dynamatic and Eaton.
737:
One means for measuring torque is to mount the dynamometer housing so that it is free to turn except as restrained by a torque arm. The housing can be made free to rotate by using
386:
1034:
by absorbing the horsepower). The housing attempts to rotate in response to the torque produced, but is restrained by the scale or torque metering cell that measures the torque.
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In engine testing, universal dynamometers can not only absorb the power of the engine, but can also drive the engine for measuring friction, pumping losses, and other factors.
486:
1289:
are varied and the results recorded automatically. Later analysis of this data may then be used to generate engine calibration data used by the engine management software.
422:
1265:
Other types of chassis dynamometers are available that eliminate the potential for wheel slippage on old style drive rollers, attaching directly to the vehicle's
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determined by a computer. Most systems employ eddy current, oil hydraulic, or DC motor produced loads because of their linear and quick load change abilities.
1346:
with the invention of the hydraulic dynamometer in 1877, and say that the first commercial dynamometers were produced in 1881 by their predecessor company,
1041:
This schematic shows a water brake, which is actually a fluid coupling with a housing restrained from rotating—similar to a water pump with no outlet.
1088:
that records applied braking torque and calculates engine power output based on information from a "load cell" or "strain gauge" and a speed sensor.
1257:
Modern roller-type chassis dyno systems use the "Salvisberg roller", which improves traction and repeatability, as compared to the use of smooth or
1677:
1443:
761:
741:
connected to each end of the housing to support it in pedestal-mounted trunnion bearings. The torque arm is connected to the dyno housing and a
622:
1172:
Using steady state testing eliminates the rotating inertial mass error of a sweep test, as there is no acceleration during this type of test.
914:
Hysteresis and Eddy
Current dynamometers are two of the most useful technologies in small (200 hp (150 kW) and less) dynamometers.
217:
886:
The electromagnet voltage is usually controlled by a computer, using changes in the magnetic field to match the power output being applied.
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In addition to classification as absorption, motoring, or universal, as described above, dynamometers can also be classified in other ways.
1655:
1780:
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1490:
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dynamometer, sometimes referred to as a rolling road, measures power delivered to the surface of the "drive roller" by the drive
1309:
in 1719. Desaguliers modified the first dynamometers, and so the instrument became known as the Graham-Desaguliers dynamometer.
1736:
1373:
1209:), when the engine is removed from the vehicle. These dynos do not account for power losses in the drivetrain, such as the
1254:. The vehicle is often strapped down on the roller or rollers, which the car then turns, and the output measured thereby.
122:
94:
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1520:
1319:
A patent was issued (dated June 1817) to Siebe and
Marriot of Fleet Street, London for an improved weighing machine.
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coupling or torque transducer. A torque transducer provides an electrical signal that is proportional to the torque.
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1313:
101:
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1360:" built the first vehicle dynamometers for brake tests that have the basic design of modern vehicle test stands.
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263:
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Absorption dynamometers can be equipped with two types of control systems to provide different main test types.
275:). The dynamometer must be able to operate at any speed and load to any level of torque that the test requires.
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79:
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Electric motor/generator dynamometers are generally more costly and complex than other types of dynamometers.
108:
46:
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282:
An absorption dynamometer is usually equipped with some means of measuring the operating torque and speed.
75:
565:{\displaystyle P_{\mathrm {hp} }={\tau _{\mathrm {lb\cdot ft} }\cdot \omega _{\mathrm {RPM} } \over 5252}}
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1306:
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A 4-minute ‘how-it-works video’ tutorial explaining how engine-dynamometer water-brake absorbers work.
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of air, this variety of dynamometer is inherently limited in the amount of torque that it can absorb.
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17:
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1214:
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An absorbing dynamometer acts as a load that is driven by the prime mover that is under test (e.g.
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system rather than being recorded manually. Speed and torque signals can also be recorded by a
608:
185:
235:
In the medical terminology, hand-held dynamometers are used for routine screening of grip and
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Division by a conversion constant may be required, depending on the units of measure used.
729:
Electrical dynamometer setup showing engine, torque measurement arrangement and tachometer
8:
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161:
115:
1342:
Froude Ltd, of
Worcester, UK, manufactures engine and vehicle dynamometers. They credit
889:
Sophisticated EC systems allow steady state and controlled acceleration rate operation.
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822:
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1322:
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Compound dyno (usually an absorption dyno in tandem with an electric/motoring dyno)
772:
596:
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311:
258:
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multiplying by the perpendicular distance from the force to the axis of the level.
243:
181:
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dynamometers are typically limited to lower RPM due to heat dissipation problems.
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760:
Another means to measure torque is to connect the engine to the dynamo through a
330:
201:
42:
1343:
1326:
1018:
938:
922:
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When torque and speed signals are available, test data can be transmitted to a
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1461:
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in the late 1820s, further developing
Marriot's patented weighing machine.
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442:
272:
1546:
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1014:
859:
668:{\displaystyle P_{\mathrm {W} }=\tau _{\mathrm {N\cdot m} }\cdot \omega }
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installed to prevent contaminated water from entering the environment.
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750:
584:
251:
209:
204:
may be calculated, and usually displayed by the dynamometer itself as
1635:
Burton, Allen W. and Daryl E. Miller, 1998, Movement Skill
Assessment
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850:
747:
221:
31:
911:
some have provision for forced air cooling from an external supply.
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The
Regnier dynamometer was invented and made public in 1798 by
337:) is not measured directly, but must be calculated from torque (
267:
Early hydraulic dynamometer, with dead-weight torque measurement
259:
Principles of operation of torque power (absorbing) dynamometers
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315:
177:
35:
1235:
1108:
There are essentially 3 types of dynamometer test procedures:
1076:
1068:
1251:
856:
Force lubricated, oil shear friction brake (absorption only)
687:
433:
1644:
Régnier, Edmé. Description et usage du dynamomètre, 1798.
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can be substituted for the scales in order to provide an
176:
for short, is a device for simultaneously measuring the
1103:
917:
156:
1692:
1720:
Dynamometer
Handbook of Basic Theory and Applications
1224:
1201:
measures power and torque directly from the engine's
625:
489:
398:
362:
709:
is the rotational velocity in radians/second (rad/s)
1301:The Graham-Desaguliers Dynamometer was invented by
1013:The hydraulic dynamometer (also referred to as the
975:
720:
82:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1599:"United States Patent: D798762 - Watch strap link"
667:
564:
416:
380:
1175:
27:Machine used to measure force or mechanical power
1747:
1624:Road and Track Illustrated Automotive Dictionary
1121:include ETC, HDDTC, HDGTC, WHTC, WHSC, and ED12.
1063:
933:. The absorption/driver unit can be either an
1269:for direct torque measurement from the axle.
945:, while the control unit for a DC motor is a
869:
218:United States Environmental Protection Agency
41:For the dynamometer used in railroading, see
1372:from 1946 to 1995. In 2002, Dyne Systems of
1055:How dynamometers are used for engine testing
993:
816:
1017:absorber) was invented by British engineer
901:
310:The power is calculated as the product of
1731:(Fourth ed.). Oxford, UK: ELSEVIER.
1491:"Slashing Test Time with Oil Shear Brake"
142:Learn how and when to remove this message
1234:
1188:
1075:
1067:
1045:
1036:
1021:in 1877 in response to a request by the
997:
786:
724:
262:
226:
155:
1698:
1169:inertial mass on every vehicle tested.
1125:
929:dynamometers are a specialized type of
828:Magnetic powder brake (absorption only)
14:
1748:
1653:
480:For imperial or U.S. customary units,
1722:. Cleveland, Ohio: Eaton Corporation.
1703:. Cleveland, Ohio: Eaton Corporation.
1441:
1316:, a French rifle maker and engineer.
1184:
892:
798:directly to an engine is known as an
1729:Engine Testing - Theory and Practice
1622:John Dinkel, "Chassis Dynamometer",
1483:
1285:that is graphed along with the RPM.
1140:, of the brake dyno type, includes:
1104:Types of dynamometer test procedures
1100:during on/off throttle operations).
918:Electric motor/generator dynamometer
381:{\displaystyle P=\tau \cdot \omega }
80:adding citations to reliable sources
51:
1626:, (Bentley Publishers, 2000) p. 46.
1446:. University Ottawa. Archived from
24:
1717:
1368:until 2002. Dynamatic was part of
1225:Chassis dynamometer (rolling road)
984:
653:
647:
632:
550:
547:
544:
529:
526:
520:
517:
499:
496:
45:. For the climbing technique, see
25:
1792:
1781:Electric power systems components
1726:
1525:Froude | Dynamometer Manufacturer
1521:"Hydraulic Dynamometers - Froude"
1305:and mentioned in the writings of
301:
292:
1462:"Hysteresis Brakes and Clutches"
1358:Eisengießerei & Waagenfabrik
1281:air-fuel ratio using a wideband
976:Force lubricated oil shear brake
757:that is proportional to torque.
721:Detailed dynamometer description
56:
1670:
1647:
1638:
1193:HORIBA engine dynamometer TITAN
67:needs additional citations for
1727:Martyr, A.; Plint, M. (2007).
1629:
1616:
1591:
1561:
1539:
1513:
1454:
1435:
1176:Transient test characteristics
607:is the rotational velocity in
13:
1:
1711:
1654:Hebert, Luke (7 April 2018).
1353:In 1928, the German company "
1150:Controlled acceleration sweep
1092:is measured and plotted on a
231:Hand grip strength assessment
1158:Controlled acceleration rate
1064:Types of dynamometer systems
962:
7:
1699:Winther, Martin P. (1976).
1680:. R. Phillips. 7 April 2018
1407:Fuel economy in automobiles
1379:
847:Fan brake (absorption only)
450:is the angular velocity in
10:
1797:
1296:
1228:
870:Eddy current type absorber
713:ω = ωRPM . π / 30
468:is the linear velocity in
417:{\displaystyle P=F\cdot v}
200:so that its instantaneous
40:
29:
1766:Engine tuning instruments
1688:– via Google Books.
1666:– via Google Books.
1495:Industrial Equipment News
1423:Universal testing machine
1333:Macneill's road indicator
994:Water brake-type absorber
817:Types of absorption units
1442:Robertson, D. Gorden E.
1428:
1418:Machine-tool dynamometer
1394:dynamometer for engines
1276:volume samplers and raw
943:variable-frequency drive
341:) and angular velocity (
30:Not to be confused with
1761:Automotive technologies
1718:Winther, J. B. (1975).
1273:Motor vehicle emissions
1144:Simple fixed load sweep
902:Hysteresis dynamometers
853:brake (absorption only)
834:brake (absorption only)
349:) and linear velocity (
1776:Mechanical engineering
1678:"The Monthly Magazine"
1243:
1242:on chassis dynamometer
1194:
1081:
1073:
1042:
1010:
931:adjustable-speed drive
730:
669:
609:revolutions per minute
566:
418:
382:
268:
232:
165:
1771:Measuring instruments
1238:
1192:
1079:
1071:
1046:Compound dynamometers
1040:
1008:
787:Types of dynamometers
728:
670:
567:
419:
383:
329:In most dynamometers
266:
230:
159:
1547:"History | About Us"
1501:on 24 September 2015
1450:on 16 November 2009.
1398:, combustion engines
1126:Types of sweep tests
623:
487:
396:
360:
323:motoring dynamometer
76:improve this article
1569:"Rolling Road Dyno"
1348:Heenan & Froude
1231:Chassis dynamometer
935:alternating current
345:) values or force (
162:chassis dynamometer
1579:on 3 December 2016
1527:. 24 December 2017
1471:. US. October 2019
1388:for railroad usage
1374:Jackson, Wisconsin
1366:Kenosha, Wisconsin
1244:
1199:engine dynamometer
1195:
1185:Engine dynamometer
1082:
1074:
1043:
1011:
893:Powder dynamometer
731:
665:
616:For metric units,
562:
452:radians per second
414:
378:
269:
233:
196:or other rotating
166:
1738:978-0-08-096949-7
1549:. Froude Hoffmann
1392:Engine test stand
1370:Eaton Corporation
1026:absorber" types.
1006:
862:(absorption only)
844:(absorb or drive)
825:(absorption only)
755:electrical signal
699:is the torque in
595:is the torque in
560:
470:metres per second
441:is the torque in
152:
151:
144:
126:
16:(Redirected from
1788:
1742:
1723:
1705:
1704:
1696:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1665:
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1633:
1627:
1620:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1575:. Archived from
1565:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1517:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1497:. Archived from
1487:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1466:
1458:
1452:
1451:
1439:
1335:was invented by
1323:Gaspard de Prony
1007:
937:(AC) motor or a
773:data acquisition
686:is the power in
674:
672:
671:
666:
658:
657:
656:
637:
636:
635:
583:is the power in
571:
569:
568:
563:
561:
556:
555:
554:
553:
534:
533:
532:
509:
504:
503:
502:
459:is the force in
432:is the power in
423:
421:
420:
415:
387:
385:
384:
379:
312:angular velocity
182:rotational speed
147:
140:
136:
133:
127:
125:
84:
60:
52:
21:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1790:
1789:
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1746:
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1739:
1714:
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1580:
1567:
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1550:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1530:
1528:
1519:
1518:
1514:
1504:
1502:
1489:
1488:
1484:
1474:
1472:
1464:
1460:
1459:
1455:
1440:
1436:
1431:
1386:Dynamometer car
1382:
1307:John Desagulier
1299:
1233:
1227:
1187:
1178:
1128:
1106:
1066:
1057:
1048:
998:
996:
987:
985:Hydraulic brake
978:
965:
920:
904:
895:
872:
819:
794:A dyno that is
789:
723:
698:
685:
646:
645:
641:
631:
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626:
624:
621:
620:
606:
594:
582:
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538:
516:
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510:
508:
495:
494:
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488:
485:
484:
397:
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393:
361:
358:
357:
304:
295:
261:
148:
137:
131:
128:
85:
83:
73:
61:
50:
47:Dyno (climbing)
43:Dynamometer car
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1794:
1784:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1744:
1743:
1737:
1724:
1713:
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1707:
1706:
1691:
1669:
1646:
1637:
1628:
1615:
1590:
1560:
1538:
1512:
1482:
1453:
1433:
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1430:
1427:
1426:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1389:
1381:
1378:
1344:William Froude
1327:de Prony brake
1298:
1295:
1229:Main article:
1226:
1223:
1186:
1183:
1177:
1174:
1162:
1161:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1147:
1135:
1127:
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1123:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1105:
1102:
1065:
1062:
1056:
1053:
1047:
1044:
1019:William Froude
995:
992:
986:
983:
977:
974:
964:
961:
939:direct current
923:Electric motor
919:
916:
903:
900:
894:
891:
871:
868:
867:
866:
863:
857:
854:
848:
845:
838:Electric motor
835:
829:
826:
818:
815:
788:
785:
777:chart recorder
762:torque sensing
743:weighing scale
722:
719:
718:
717:
716:
715:
710:
704:
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691:
683:
675:
664:
661:
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475:
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454:
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436:
424:
413:
410:
407:
404:
401:
391:
388:
377:
374:
371:
368:
365:
303:
302:Constant speed
300:
294:
293:Constant force
291:
260:
257:
244:rehabilitation
150:
149:
64:
62:
55:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1793:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
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1764:
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1759:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1740:
1734:
1730:
1725:
1721:
1716:
1715:
1702:
1701:Eddy Currents
1695:
1679:
1673:
1657:
1650:
1641:
1632:
1625:
1619:
1604:
1600:
1594:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1564:
1548:
1542:
1526:
1522:
1516:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1486:
1470:
1463:
1457:
1449:
1445:
1444:"Dynamometry"
1438:
1434:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1412:Hand strength
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1377:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1351:
1349:
1345:
1340:
1338:
1337:John Macneill
1334:
1330:
1328:
1325:invented the
1324:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1310:
1308:
1304:
1303:George Graham
1294:
1290:
1286:
1284:
1283:oxygen sensor
1279:
1274:
1270:
1268:
1263:
1260:
1255:
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1241:
1237:
1232:
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1182:
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1166:
1159:
1156:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1132:Inertia sweep
1130:
1129:
1119:
1117:dynamometers.
1115:
1113:dynamometers.
1111:
1110:
1109:
1101:
1097:
1095:
1089:
1087:
1078:
1070:
1061:
1052:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1024:
1020:
1016:
991:
982:
973:
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957:
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952:
948:
944:
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932:
928:
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899:
890:
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827:
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792:
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769:
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763:
758:
756:
752:
749:
744:
740:
735:
727:
714:
711:
708:
705:
702:
701:Newton metres
695:
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676:
662:
659:
650:
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638:
627:
619:
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579:
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557:
539:
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523:
512:
505:
491:
483:
482:
481:
478:
471:
467:
464:
462:
458:
455:
453:
449:
446:
444:
443:newton metres
440:
437:
435:
431:
428:
427:
425:
411:
408:
405:
402:
399:
392:
389:
375:
372:
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327:
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308:
299:
290:
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283:
280:
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274:
265:
256:
253:
249:
245:
240:
238:
237:hand strength
229:
225:
223:
219:
213:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
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187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
163:
158:
154:
146:
143:
135:
124:
121:
117:
114:
110:
107:
103:
100:
96:
93: –
92:
91:"Dynamometer"
88:
87:Find sources:
81:
77:
71:
70:
65:This article
63:
59:
54:
53:
48:
44:
37:
33:
19:
1756:Dynamometers
1728:
1719:
1700:
1694:
1682:. Retrieved
1672:
1660:. Retrieved
1649:
1640:
1631:
1623:
1618:
1606:. Retrieved
1602:
1593:
1581:. Retrieved
1577:the original
1573:Tuning Tools
1572:
1563:
1551:. Retrieved
1541:
1529:. Retrieved
1524:
1515:
1503:. Retrieved
1499:the original
1494:
1485:
1473:. Retrieved
1468:
1456:
1448:the original
1437:
1395:
1362:
1356:Carl Schenck
1354:
1352:
1341:
1331:
1321:
1318:
1314:Edmé Régnier
1311:
1300:
1291:
1287:
1271:
1264:
1256:
1245:
1219:differential
1215:transmission
1196:
1179:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1157:
1149:
1143:
1138:Loaded sweep
1137:
1131:
1107:
1098:
1090:
1083:
1080:Dyno graph 2
1072:Dyno graph 1
1058:
1049:
1032:
1028:
1012:
988:
979:
966:
958:
955:
951:net metering
921:
913:
909:
907:it does so.
905:
896:
888:
885:
881:
877:
873:
823:Eddy current
811:
807:chassis dyno
806:
804:
799:
793:
790:
770:
766:
759:
736:
732:
712:
706:
693:
680:
615:
601:
589:
577:
479:
476:
465:
456:
447:
438:
429:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
328:
322:
320:
309:
305:
296:
288:
284:
281:
277:
273:Pelton wheel
270:
241:
234:
214:
173:
169:
167:
153:
138:
129:
119:
112:
105:
98:
86:
74:Please help
69:verification
66:
1553:1 September
1531:1 September
1469:Magtrol Inc
1414:dynamometer
1402:Force gauge
1278:exhaust gas
1015:water brake
860:Water brake
800:engine dyno
248:kinesiology
198:prime mover
170:dynamometer
1750:Categories
1712:References
1203:crankshaft
832:Hysteresis
751:transducer
597:pound-feet
585:horsepower
252:ergonomics
102:newspapers
1603:uspto.gov
1475:2 January
1329:in 1821.
1023:Admiralty
970:viscosity
963:Fan brake
927:generator
851:Hydraulic
842:generator
748:load cell
739:trunnions
663:ω
660:⋅
651:⋅
643:τ
540:ω
536:⋅
524:⋅
513:τ
409:⋅
376:ω
373:⋅
370:τ
222:tribology
132:June 2011
32:dynameter
18:Dynometer
1583:3 August
1380:See also
1207:flywheel
1086:computer
947:DC drive
188:) of an
1684:7 April
1662:7 April
1658:. Kelly
1608:7 April
1505:22 July
1297:History
1259:knurled
1248:chassis
1240:Saab 96
1211:gearbox
796:coupled
781:plotter
461:newtons
242:In the
116:scholar
1735:
1252:wheels
1217:, and
677:where
574:where
426:where
316:torque
250:, and
190:engine
178:torque
174:"dyno"
118:
111:
104:
97:
89:
36:dynamo
1465:(PDF)
1429:Notes
1094:graph
688:Watts
593:lb·ft
434:watts
331:power
202:power
194:motor
123:JSTOR
109:books
1733:ISBN
1686:2018
1664:2018
1610:2018
1585:2012
1555:2023
1533:2023
1507:2015
1477:2023
1396:e.g.
1267:hubs
1205:(or
703:(Nm)
558:5252
314:and
180:and
95:news
1197:An
779:or
697:N·m
690:(W)
605:RPM
353:):
210:bhp
208:or
186:RPM
172:or
78:by
34:or
1752::
1601:.
1571:.
1523:.
1493:.
1467:.
1350:.
1246:A
1221:.
1213:,
1096:.
953:.
809:.
802:.
783:.
581:hp
390:or
321:A
318:.
246:,
224:.
212:.
206:kW
192:,
168:A
160:A
1741:.
1612:.
1587:.
1557:.
1535:.
1509:.
1479:.
925:/
840:/
707:ω
694:τ
684:W
681:P
654:m
648:N
639:=
633:W
628:P
602:ω
590:τ
578:P
551:M
548:P
545:R
530:t
527:f
521:b
518:l
506:=
500:p
497:h
492:P
466:v
457:F
448:ω
439:τ
430:P
412:v
406:F
403:=
400:P
367:=
364:P
351:v
347:F
343:ω
339:τ
335:P
333:(
184:(
164:.
145:)
139:(
134:)
130:(
120:·
113:·
106:·
99:·
72:.
49:.
38:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
