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the bay specifically. Because this was shortly after the great depression, many people were unemployed and looking for work, which was in abundance in the
Oakland shipyard. Rather than an influx of whites, the new rush caused a surge of racial minorities which caused a restructuring of the demographics in the area. With the increase of workers, a housing crisis soon followed. In the city, there was push back from the Apartment House Owners Association and the Real Estate Board to build more housing so there were only five hundred public housing units built which also resulted in the destruction of other temporary housing units which displaced a large number of immigrants who had been living in them. Immigrants were forced to live in overcrowded quarters and even started sleeping on the streets because the housing that was being built was reserved for whites so minorities were pushed out of the city and forced to relocate to the outskirts of East Oakland. With the redistribution of living, this area, known as Brooklyn (until it was also annexed by the city in 1909) became the backbone of Oakland's African American community and caused an
1116:'s 15% and California's 16%. Similar patterns are also prevalent in children ages 0–17, with approximately 48% of children diagnosed with obesity, compared to 29% within the state of California. 13% of children in East Oakland also experience fair or poor health, a rate much higher than that of California (7%) or Alameda County (5%). Amongst older adults, due to increases in disabilities (accounting for 42% of disabilities), there is a greater onset of chronic diseases, accounting for 64% of deaths primarily in cancer, heart diseases, Alzheimer's, stroke, and respiratory diseases. As an effort to improve these existing conditions, East Oakland has become one of 14 different site across the state of California to participate in a 10-year comprehensive community initiative dedicated to improving and supporting a healthy community through active collaborations among youths, residents, and community partners within three Action Teams: Health Happens in Schools, Health Happens in Neighborhoods and Health Happens through Culture, Arts, Storytelling & Healing.
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As time went on, supermarkets and other businesses saw East
Oakland as an “undesirable place for residential and commercial investment” so few new stores opened up in place of the ones that left. The smaller commercial stores that did stick around were forced to raise the prices of their food and focus more on selling alcohol and tobacco products to stay afloat. In the flatlands of East Oakland there are only four supermarkets and over 40 liquor stores. Alcohol was easy to sell and made the stores more money, but the number of liquor stores is proportional to the levels of crime in violence in the area. Additionally, the majority of the population of East Oakland are Latinos and African Americans, both groups who have higher predisposition to alcohol-related diseases.
1129:. Amongst all ER visits, Blacks and Hispanics had the most frequent visits in 2011, with four times more visits compared to whites and Asian/Pacific Islanders. Furthermore, even when having healthcare coverage, Blacks continue to be the highest users of the emergency department, with 15% enrolled in governmental programs whilst consisting of 43% of frequent ER users. Amongst elderly adults, rising numbers in disabilities have resulted in increased hospital emergency visits. Heart disease, leading in chronic diseases amongst elders, accounts for over 19,500 hospitalizations each year. However, racial, linguistic, cultural, and cost barriers continue to influence level of access amongst the population.
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at a higher risk for diabetes, obesity, and other health problems. YPAR 2.0 is a method of conducting research done by the youth in the community to try and address the problems they and their families face. By going across East
Oakland and classifying it as a food desert and critiquing the limited access to healthy food, they pushed for liquor and corner stores to have fresh produce and nutritious staple foods visible and affordable to the members of the community. As a result, stores responded and started to sell fresh produce from local farmers and receive deliveries twice a week for fresh produce.
598:(EDA) declared that they would no longer fund large businesses or facilities but rather focus on creating jobs for the unemployed and poor, which in Oakland meant the ethnic minorities. A few years later, in 1978, California passes Proposition 13 which limited the addition of new or increased property taxes and protected property owners against inflation driven increases in assessed valuation. When the property sold the assessed value could be increased to market value. Some have argued that this disadvantaged Blacks seeking to buy property if property values had increased. Some have also argued,
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653:. Asians make up smaller percentage of only 4% of the population, but between 1990 and 2000 saw an increase of 13%. Between 1990 and 2000 both the white and black population of East Oakland saw a decrease in their populations by 24% and 16% respectively. Nonetheless, African Americans predominate in East Oakland, where they represent over 54% of East Oakland's residents. The deep east side has a population of roughly 15,000 residents and is 63% African American thus maintaining the highest concentration of African Americans in
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1103:, Hispanics lead in life expectancy, averaging 82 years. African Americans and Whites typically average 67–68 years within Oakland, while Asians live nearly 78 years. Conversely, there is a high all-cause mortality rate amongst the East Oakland community, leading in cancer, stroke, heart disease, and homicide death rates. It is found that communities and families of lower socioeconomic status typically experience higher mortality rates and lower survival rates compared to those from higher socioeconomic status.
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unemployed. For the whites who stayed, it was often because they were too poor to relocate and saw an unemployment rate of 30%. In dominantly
African American neighborhoods, such as Central East Oakland, between 40-70% of the population were without high school diplomas. The Latino population had 50-70% without high school diplomas and 5% with college degrees. Asians saw a smaller amount of the population without education with 39.3% without high school diplomas and 22.8% with bachelor's degrees.
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users of governmental health programs like Medi-Cal and
Medicare, covering 27% of adults and 58% of children in the population, almost 30% higher than that of California. In the elderly population, 98% of older adults within the entire Alameda County have health insurance. However, due to rising costs in medical care in recent decades, the California Health Interview Survey observed that 48.5% of adults age 60+ let go of their insurance coverage.
633:) immigrants moved to Oakland and specifically Central East Oakland because of how cheap the cost of living was compared to the city. A census on overcrowding showed an increase from 17 to 27 percent because of the new people who moved there. The majority of the new immigrants were Chicano/Latino who had a growth between 150 and 400 percent in that decade. That same time saw a decline in the African American population between 17 and 31 percent.
552:. Along this road, small settlements developed such as Melrose, Elmhurst and Fitchburg. All these were annexed by the city of Oakland after the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. After annexation, the Oakland-San Leandro Road was renamed East 14th Street which lasted for most of the 20th century, until it was renamed International Blvd. Both Foothill Boulevard and MacArthur Boulevard, which run through the heart of East Oakland, were a part of the
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white, Protestant community that occupied those houses. This area supported the Ku Klux Klan which shows that even in the East Bay there was racial tension and segregation. In the 1920s, East
Oakland was restricted from ethnic minorities unless they worked as servants for whites. Those who did not work as servants were hit by the Great Depression in the late 1920s and early 1930s which caused employment to drop by 41 percent in three years.
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for men. To control for differences in life expectancies across racial and ethnic groups, race and ethnicity adjustments were calculated using data from the
National Longitudinal Mortality Survey and estimates were re-weighted so that each income percentile bin has the same fraction of black, Hispanic, and Asian adults.
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because of the lack of access to affordable, healthy, fresh food. Some studies have found that food was considered one of the highest priorities and came second to shelter. The participants claim that they knew how to eat healthy and about the importance of a nutritious diet, but the availability and
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Life expectancies were calculated using survival curves. The vertical height of each bar depicts the 95% confidence interval. The difference between expected age at death in the top and bottom income percentiles is 10.1 years (95% CI, 9.9–10.3 years) for women and 14.6 years (95% CI, 14.4–14.8 years)
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in 1996 within the city of
Oakland only), MacArthur Blvd., Foothill Blvd., Bancroft Avenue, and San Leandro Street (being the main one for commercial vehicles). Main northeast-southwest thoroughfares include Fruitvale Ave., 35th Ave., High St., Seminary Ave., 73rd Ave. (which becomes Hegenberger Road
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As far as the stores that do sell food, a study by YPAR (Youth
Participatory Action Research) 2.0 showed that the most available foods were chips, soda, and candy. Because it is cheap and available, these are the foods that people buy although they have little to no nutritional value and make people
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With the changes in state funding to housing and the movement of impoverished groups in the 1930s, East
Oakland became an area where poorer people lived which also resulted in a major loss of industry as businesses and markets started to close down and relocate to more financially sustainable areas.
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In the spring of 1943, there was an increase of immigrants to the Bay Area as a result of World War II; this time is called “the Second Gold Rush”. After the attack on Pearl Harbor, the US government invested large sums of money on defense which created new jobs and opportunities on the coast and in
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Amongst Hispanics, nearly 74% were enrolled in government health insurance, such as Medi-Cal and Healthy Families. Median income amongst enrolled Hispanic families is $ 16,800, whereas non-enrolled Hispanics receive a median annual income of $ 19,200. The average family household enrolled in health
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East Oakland ranks amongst the lowest communities to provide healthcare coverage to adults and children. 52% of adults and 40% of children remain insured by private insurance companies, compared to 61% and 57% coverage throughout the state of California. East Oakland residents are one of the higher
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has become the backbone of Oakland's Latino community, in which East Oakland had a rapid increase of 132% of Latinos between 1990 and 2000. Latinos make up 38% of the population of East Oakland. There is also a diverse Asian population, including Chinese, Vietnamese, Lao, and other southeast Asian
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The mayor at the time, Lionel Wilson, who was the first African American mayor, elected the year prior in 1977, combatted the regulation on property taxes by using many public resources to create investment in downtown Oakland which increased the cost of living in the city and pushed more poor and
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If home prices declined as Whites departed, then Blacks buying those houses, had the benefit of the lower prices, and going forward would pay less in taxes than if prices had not dropped. By the late 1960s buyers in East Oakland were taking advantage of several government backed loan programs to
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In the 1950s and 1960s, most areas of East Oakland still remained predominantly White. In 1962 construction began on the MacArthur Freeway (580) and providing an alternative route to the Nimitz Freeway. Although some Blacks were displaced when the right of way was cleared, most of the right of way
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Adults in East Oakland are more likely to visit emergency rooms than go to doctor's visits within the past year than many other counties in the Bay Area and in the entire state of California. In 2012, 35% of the community did not meet with their doctor, resulting in approximately 30% of residents
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California's independent hip hop scene; leading other artists to pursue success in the music industry without the assistance of a major record company. The sound of the music was different from East Coast hip hop, which is known for its technique of sampling and looping to create a song. Instead,
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By 1910, Oakland had the largest African American population in the East Bay because it tripled in the previous decade as a result of fires and earthquakes in the surrounding areas. Despite the new influx of African Americans, the East Oakland hills were known as “the Bible Belt” because of the
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incorporated drugs, violence, prostitution and gang life into their music, in sharp contrast to much of the East Coast hip hop of the day. Too Short was also one of the first rap artists to promote and sell records independently and is one of the pioneers responsible for the birth of Northern
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With the increase of the population between 1990 and 2000 the number of households in the area increased by 3.4%. The residents work in all kinds of job areas including service, sales, transportation, construction, and even management and professional positions while 9.1% of the population is
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in response to the influx of workers needed for the war industries, on land which had been zoned for industrial uses. In the 1990s, the neighborhood held an annual summer get-together called the Never Worry Picnic as a contrast to a crime rate that is 191% higher than the national average.
661:. The Foothill Square neighborhood in East Oakland, located off of MacArthur Blvd., has the highest concentration of African American residents of any Oakland neighborhood, at 75.4%. Though the population of whites had decreased, they still made up 4% of the population.
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East Oakland displays a significantly higher rate of common health conditions, with residents cumulatively experiencing 32% obesity, compared to 21% amongst all of California. Nearly 32% of adults in the community is at fair or poor health, relative to
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was declared a city in 1852 where it was prominently populated by people who made it to the west during the Gold Rush. The dominant races that had relocated to the East Bay during the late 1840s were Caucasian, Chinese, Mexican, and African American.
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Those arguing that this was all to the disadvantage of Blacks, are those who advocate using property taxes to pay for programs specifically aimed at the Black population. An argument that continues to be made by local and state politicians. .
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Fairfax District, a distinct business district centered on the intersection of Fairfax Avenue and Foothill Boulevard. The Fairfax Theatre building keynotes the district. Each East Oakland business district historically had its own movie
1551:"The color of power: Racial coalitions and political power in Oakland by Frédérick Douzet, translated by GeorgeHoloch, University of Virginia Press, Charlottesville, 2012, 312 pp., cloth US$ 49.50 (ISBN 978-0813932811)"
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in the southeast. It generally has a diagonal layout. East Oakland has numbered avenues (1st to 109th) that run northeast to southwest, and numbered streets (East 7th to East 38th) that run northwest to southeast.
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cost of the food outweighed potential health outcomes. The people were more concerned about getting enough food that they would not starve rather than focusing on the nutrition of what they were eating.
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is associated with East Oakland. It is known within the hip hop community as "Oaktown", "O-Town" (old school names), or currently, "The Town". A number of East Bay rappers and singers such as
1670:"Oakland, California (CA) profile: population, maps, real estate, averages, homes, statistics, relocation, travel, jobs, hospitals, schools, crime, moving, houses, news, sex offenders"
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East Oakland experiences a lower life expectancy, relative to nearby neighborhoods like Alameda County, approximating 72 years. Amongst the heavily populated races present within
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that has occurred in the city and makes the cost of living higher in the city so the original residents are forced to relocate to the poor, underserved surrounding areas.
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purchase houses. These programs had reduced rates or reduced qualifications, enabling people to buy homes who may not have qualified for conventional financing.
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by Oakland in 1909, and today is considered part of East Oakland. Although it was historically a white working-class neighborhood, it became predominantly
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2261:"Food insecurity, chronic illness, and gentrification in the San Francisco Bay Area: An example of structural violence in United States public policy"
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2404:"Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) 2.0: how technological innovation and digital organizing sparked a food revolution in East Oakland"
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originated there. The prostitution, violence and drug culture of the region spawned a new subgenre of hip hop by the late 1980s. Rappers like
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Along with the socioeconomic disparities that people in East Oakland face, is the issue of food scarcity. East Oakland is considered a
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in the southeast. As the southeastern portion of the city, East Oakland takes up the largest portion of the city's land area.
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With the new availability of jobs created by the EDA, between 1990 and 2000 more Latino and Asian (primarily
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Facing the Urban Frontier: African American History in the Reshaping of the TwentiethCentury American West
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also run northwest to southeast. Main northwest–southeast thoroughfares include East 14th Street (renamed
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now form about half of Elmhurst's population. Elmhurst was the site of one of the large carbarns for the
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community, with over 50% of East Oakland's inhabitants being black. According to figures from a 2000
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taking advantage of the emergency room, relative to 13% in Alameda County and 18% in all of
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In the 19th century, the Oakland-San Leandro Road was a county road connecting Oakland with
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East Oakland is a section of Oakland that has experienced many changes to its population as
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marginalized populations to surrounding areas such as East Oakland. This is one example of
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Werth, Alex; Marienthal, Eli (21 December 2016). "'Gentrification' as a grid of meaning".
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ethnic groups generally inhabit the area of East Oakland closest to downtown, from
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opened an auto assembly plant in Elmhurst in 1915, which shut down in the 1960s.
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and the highest concentration of African Americans in California outside of
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2136:"Realities of Medical Practices: Serving African Americans in East Oakland"
2111:"Challenges to Mainstream Health Care in Oakland's Underserved Communities"
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2050:"Realities of Medical Practices: Serving African Americans in East Oakland"
1965:"Realities of Medical Practices: Serving African Americans in East Oakland"
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A list of notable people who have lived or currently live in East Oakland:
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US Navy painting crew at the East Oakland Youth Development Center, 2006
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Akom, Antwi; Shah, Aekta; Nakai, Aaron; Cruz, Tessa (13 October 2016).
1914:"Poverty and Health Prospective Evidence from the Alameda County Study"
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were infused with synthesizers and drum machines, giving birth to the
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The Color of Power Racial Coalitions and Political Power in Oakland
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The Second Gold Rush: Oakland and the East Bay in World War II
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Neighborhood of Oakland in Alameda, California, United States
2158:"ALAMEDA COUNTY PLAN FOR OLDER ADULTS FISCAL YEAR 2016-2017"
2072:"ALAMEDA COUNTY PLAN FOR OLDER ADULTS FISCAL YEAR 2016-2017"
1987:"ALAMEDA COUNTY PLAN FOR OLDER ADULTS FISCAL YEAR 2016-2017"
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to suburbs south and east of the city, such as San Leandro,
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1733:"Inside the music and mind of Blazers guard Damian Lillard"
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International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education
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Alkon, Alison (July 2014). "Foodways of the Urban Poor".
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insurance amongst Hispanics is approximately 4-6 people.
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Case Study: East Oakland: Putting Public Health in Place
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Ratner, Bonnie; Chan Robinson, Connie (September 2013).
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HAAN, MARY; KAPLAN, GEORGE A.; CAMACHO, TERRY (1987).
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journalist, producer, radio personality, and rapper
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98:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2259:Whittle, Henry J; Weiser, Sheri D (October 2015).
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1389:"East Oakland: Community Information Book Update"
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2453:"East Oakland corner stores take a healthy turn"
1468:. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press.
789:Elmhurst was originally a separate town, it was
2875:African-American history in Oakland, California
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677:Fruitvale Village by the Fruitvale BART Station
1869:. Oakland Museum of California. Archived from
1695:"Foot Hill Square, Oakland Race and Ethnicity"
526:attracted immigrants in search of employment.
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586:through predominantly White neighborhoods.
1538:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
1062:, part of the larger Oak Knoll neighborhood
61:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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2307:. The California Endowment. Archived from
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2029:East Oakland Building Healthy Communities
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1394:. ACPHD.org. October 2005. Archived from
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486:), and 98th Ave. East Oakland is home to
223:Learn how and when to remove this message
158:Learn how and when to remove this message
2880:Warehouse districts of the United States
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1820:"Victory for tenants accused of bribery"
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819:Brookfield Village, Oakland, California
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2455:. Bay Area News Group. East Bay Times.
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2197:UCLA Center for Health Policy Research
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1420:"East Oakland, Oakland Knowledge"
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2905:Urban decay in the United States
2885:Geography of Oakland, California
1921:American Journal of Epidemiology
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2338:"Food Access and Liquor Stores"
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1549:Tse, Justin K. H. (June 2015).
1442:. Western Historical Quarterly.
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460:East Oakland stretches between
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2420:10.1080/09518398.2016.1201609
2265:Social Science & Medicine
2143:Roots Community Health Clinic
2057:Roots Community Health Clinic
1972:Roots Community Health Clinic
1899:Roots Community Health Clinic
1602:10.1080/13604813.2016.1224484
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1046:. This neighborhood includes
951:Eastmont, Oakland, California
825:Oakland International Airport
785:Elmhurst, Oakland, California
484:Oakland International Airport
2553:Lakeside Apartments District
1534:Johnson, Marilynn S (1994).
1317:, rapper from hip-hop group
1281:, rapper from hip-hop group
1184:, rapper from hip-hop group
843:
681:East Oakland, together with
559:
455:
429:is a geographical region of
7:
1368:, rapper from hip-hop duo,
1359:, rapper from hip-hop duo,
1272:, rapper from hip-hop duo,
1211:, actor, comedian, and host
778:
446:Northern California's black
444:The area is a major hub of
10:
2931:
1464:Douzet, Frédérick (2012).
816:
782:
668:
517:
263:View of East Oakland from
2755:
2712:
2659:
2581:
2499:
1867:"Neighborhood Search Map"
1438:Taylor, Quintard (2012).
1350:, musician and member of
910:Central/Deep East Oakland
433:, that stretches between
405:
386:
366:
348:
313:
279:
271:
256:
247:
240:
2156:Haggerty, Scott (2017).
2070:Haggerty, Scott (2017).
1985:Haggerty, Scott (2017).
333:37.779722°N 122.220278°W
305:East Oakland, California
18:East Oakland, California
1841:"City anti-drug effort"
1555:The Canadian Geographer
1330:Lateef the Truthspeaker
1233:of two U.S. journalists
921:Blandon/Glenly/Fontaine
766:hip hop sound known as
581:Creation of the freeway
250:Neighborhood of Oakland
2802:Mountain View Cemetery
2176:Cite journal requires
2109:Eghan, Adizah (2018).
2090:Cite journal requires
2005:Cite journal requires
1265:Portland Trail Blazers
1146:Food and Liquor Stores
1096:
678:
590:Lack of property taxes
514:
338:37.779722; -122.220278
2228:10.1093/phr/116.6.575
2216:Public Health Reports
2210:Manos, M. M. (2001).
1093:
935:Castlewood/Flintridge
676:
512:
488:Holy Names University
464:in the northwest and
437:in the northwest and
2543:Jack London District
1697:. Statistical Atlas.
955:Eastmont Town Center
871:Lower Hills District
600:post hoc propter hoc
92:improve this article
2842: /
2782:Joaquin Miller Park
1709:"Oakland SLANGUAGE"
1594:2016City...20..719W
1227:Vester Lee Flanagan
1215:Mabel Craft Deering
1133:Healthcare Coverage
715:Digital Underground
691:Northern California
655:Northern California
479:International Blvd.
329: /
2548:Jack London Square
1484:Oaklandhistory.com
1480:"The 19th Century"
1294:Favianna Rodriguez
1097:
1081:Health Disparities
1018:Monte Vista Villas
953:, the location of
925:Brookfield Village
813:Brookfield Village
679:
515:
2825:
2824:
2573:Cleveland Heights
2533:Crocker Highlands
2414:(10): 1287–1307.
1567:10.1111/cag.12182
1352:Tony! Toni! Toné!
1319:Souls of Mischief
1304:Tony! Toni! Toné!
1283:Souls of Mischief
1186:Souls of Mischief
1167:Notable residents
1120:Healthcare Access
1107:Health Conditions
894:Lincoln Highlands
877:Crocker Highlands
823:Located near the
544:Surrounding Roads
424:
423:
233:
232:
225:
215:
214:
168:
167:
160:
142:
65:
16:(Redirected from
2922:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2853:
2852:
2847:
2843:
2840:
2839:
2838:
2835:
2817:Sequoyah Heights
2486:
2479:
2472:
2463:
2462:
2457:
2456:
2448:
2442:
2441:
2431:
2399:
2390:
2389:
2369:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2359:
2353:
2347:. Archived from
2342:
2334:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2319:
2313:
2306:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2256:
2250:
2249:
2239:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2192:
2186:
2185:
2179:
2174:
2172:
2164:
2162:
2153:
2147:
2146:
2140:
2132:
2126:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2093:
2088:
2086:
2078:
2076:
2067:
2061:
2060:
2054:
2046:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2036:
2021:
2015:
2014:
2008:
2003:
2001:
1993:
1991:
1982:
1976:
1975:
1969:
1961:
1955:
1954:
1944:
1918:
1909:
1903:
1902:
1896:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1878:
1863:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1853:
1836:
1830:
1829:
1815:
1809:
1808:
1806:
1805:
1791:
1785:
1784:
1782:
1781:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1757:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1719:
1705:
1699:
1698:
1691:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1681:
1666:
1660:
1659:
1657:
1656:
1650:
1644:. Archived from
1639:
1631:
1614:
1613:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1546:
1540:
1539:
1531:
1518:
1517:
1515:
1514:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1490:
1476:
1470:
1469:
1461:
1444:
1443:
1435:
1424:
1423:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1406:
1400:
1393:
1385:
1070:South Stonehurst
1060:Sequoyah Heights
1026:North Stonehurst
1022:Lockwood Gardens
979:Greenridge Drive
941:Columbia Gardens
860:Peralta Hacienda
833:Southern Pacific
795:African American
685:and portions of
500:Oakland Coliseum
417:
416:
415:
398:
397:
396:
379:
377:
376:
361:
359:
358:
344:
343:
341:
340:
339:
334:
330:
327:
326:
325:
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295:
294:
288:
261:
238:
237:
228:
221:
210:
207:
201:
178:
170:
163:
156:
152:
149:
143:
141:
100:
76:
68:
57:
35:
34:
27:
21:
2930:
2929:
2925:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2920:
2919:
2860:
2859:
2850:
2848:
2846:37.77°N 122.2°W
2844:
2841:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2821:
2792:Redwood Heights
2758:
2751:
2727:Cypress Village
2708:
2689:Piedmont Avenue
2655:
2591:Dimond District
2577:
2495:
2490:
2460:
2449:
2445:
2400:
2393:
2370:
2366:
2357:
2355:
2351:
2340:
2336:
2335:
2326:
2317:
2315:
2311:
2304:
2296:
2292:
2257:
2253:
2208:
2204:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2177:
2175:
2166:
2165:
2160:
2154:
2150:
2138:
2134:
2133:
2129:
2119:
2117:
2107:
2103:
2091:
2089:
2080:
2079:
2074:
2068:
2064:
2052:
2048:
2047:
2043:
2034:
2032:
2023:
2022:
2018:
2006:
2004:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1983:
1979:
1967:
1963:
1962:
1958:
1916:
1910:
1906:
1894:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1876:
1874:
1865:
1864:
1860:
1851:
1849:
1846:Oakland Tribune
1837:
1833:
1825:Oakland Tribune
1816:
1812:
1803:
1801:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1779:
1777:
1769:
1768:
1764:
1755:
1753:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1717:
1715:
1707:
1706:
1702:
1693:
1692:
1688:
1679:
1677:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1654:
1652:
1648:
1637:
1633:
1632:
1617:
1578:
1574:
1547:
1543:
1532:
1521:
1512:
1510:
1502:
1501:
1497:
1488:
1486:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1462:
1447:
1436:
1427:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1404:
1402:
1398:
1391:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1348:D'wayne Wiggins
1342:William S. Rice
1169:
1148:
1135:
1122:
1109:
1088:
1086:Life Expectancy
1083:
999:Malcolm Heights
970:Foothill Square
912:
901:Redwood Heights
873:
850:Dimond District
846:
821:
815:
787:
781:
776:
695:Hip hop culture
689:, is a hub for
671:
639:
592:
583:
562:
554:Lincoln Highway
546:
537:
520:
471:Interstates 580
458:
413:
411:
394:
392:
374:
372:
356:
354:
337:
335:
331:
328:
323:
320:
318:
316:
315:
309:
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300:
296:
275:
272:Nickname:
267:
252:
243:
236:
229:
218:
217:
216:
211:
205:
202:
195:
183:This article's
179:
164:
153:
147:
144:
101:
99:
89:
77:
36:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2928:
2918:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2807:Piedmont Pines
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2787:Panoramic Hill
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2763:
2761:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2718:
2716:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2665:
2663:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2587:
2585:
2579:
2578:
2576:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2509:
2507:
2497:
2496:
2489:
2488:
2481:
2474:
2466:
2459:
2458:
2443:
2391:
2364:
2324:
2290:
2251:
2222:(6): 575–584.
2202:
2187:
2178:|journal=
2148:
2127:
2101:
2092:|journal=
2062:
2041:
2016:
2007:|journal=
1977:
1956:
1927:(6): 989–998.
1904:
1883:
1858:
1831:
1810:
1786:
1762:
1738:
1724:
1700:
1686:
1661:
1635:"East Oakland"
1615:
1588:(5): 719–736.
1572:
1561:(2): e37–e38.
1541:
1519:
1495:
1471:
1445:
1425:
1411:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1363:
1354:
1345:
1339:
1333:
1327:
1321:
1312:
1306:
1300:Raphael Saadiq
1297:
1291:
1285:
1276:
1267:
1261:Damian Lillard
1258:
1252:
1246:
1240:
1234:
1224:
1218:
1212:
1206:
1200:
1194:
1188:
1179:
1176:Natalia Anciso
1168:
1165:
1147:
1144:
1134:
1131:
1121:
1118:
1114:Alameda County
1108:
1105:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1063:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1041:
1035:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1019:
1016:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
988:
985:
980:
977:
974:
971:
968:
965:
961:
960:Eastmont Hills
958:
948:
945:
942:
939:
936:
933:
930:
927:
922:
919:
916:
911:
908:
907:
906:
903:
898:
895:
892:
889:
884:
879:
872:
869:
868:
867:
862:
857:
852:
845:
842:
817:Main article:
814:
811:
783:Main article:
780:
777:
775:
772:
747:Bobby Brackins
739:Db tha General
699:Raphael Saadiq
670:
667:
638:
635:
616:gentrification
591:
588:
582:
579:
561:
558:
545:
542:
536:
533:
519:
516:
457:
454:
422:
421:
409:
403:
402:
390:
384:
383:
370:
364:
363:
352:
346:
345:
311:
310:
304:
298:
297:
290:
289:
283:
282:
281:
280:
277:
276:
273:
269:
268:
262:
254:
253:
248:
245:
244:
241:
234:
231:
230:
213:
212:
192:the key points
182:
180:
173:
166:
165:
80:
78:
71:
66:
40:
39:
37:
30:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2927:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2858:
2855:
2851:37.77; -122.2
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2760:
2759:and foothills
2757:Oakland Hills
2754:
2748:
2747:Oakland Point
2745:
2743:
2742:Lower Bottoms
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2662:
2661:North Oakland
2658:
2652:
2651:Sobrante Park
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2580:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2494:
2487:
2482:
2480:
2475:
2473:
2468:
2467:
2464:
2454:
2447:
2439:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2398:
2396:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2368:
2354:on 2018-05-17
2350:
2346:
2339:
2333:
2331:
2329:
2314:on 2017-07-05
2310:
2303:
2302:
2294:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2255:
2247:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2206:
2198:
2195:"CHIS Data".
2191:
2183:
2170:
2159:
2152:
2144:
2137:
2131:
2116:
2112:
2105:
2097:
2084:
2073:
2066:
2058:
2051:
2045:
2030:
2026:
2020:
2012:
1999:
1988:
1981:
1973:
1966:
1960:
1952:
1948:
1943:
1942:2027.42/51456
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1915:
1908:
1900:
1893:
1887:
1873:on 2009-04-30
1872:
1868:
1862:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1835:
1827:
1826:
1821:
1814:
1800:
1796:
1790:
1776:
1772:
1766:
1752:
1748:
1742:
1734:
1728:
1714:
1713:Slanguage.com
1710:
1704:
1696:
1690:
1675:
1674:City-data.com
1671:
1665:
1651:on 2017-10-23
1647:
1643:
1636:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
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1591:
1587:
1583:
1576:
1568:
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1560:
1556:
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1545:
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1530:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1509:
1505:
1499:
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1475:
1467:
1460:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1441:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1421:
1415:
1401:on 2017-10-23
1397:
1390:
1384:
1380:
1371:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1249:Keak da Sneak
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1197:Sway Calloway
1195:
1192:
1191:Jesus Barraza
1189:
1187:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1172:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1153:
1143:
1139:
1130:
1128:
1117:
1115:
1104:
1102:
1092:
1075:
1073:Toler Heights
1072:
1069:
1067:
1066:Sobrante Park
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1048:Mills College
1045:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:Mills Gardens
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
989:
986:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
966:
962:
959:
956:
952:
949:
947:Durant Square
946:
943:
940:
937:
934:
931:
928:
926:
923:
920:
917:
914:
913:
904:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
874:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
847:
841:
838:
834:
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829:Union Pacific
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727:Hieroglyphics
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703:Keak da Sneak
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687:North Oakland
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81:This article
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2827:
2777:Grass Valley
2714:West Oakland
2669:Bushrod Park
2631:Maxwell Park
2583:East Oakland
2582:
2563:Trestle Glen
2528:Civic Center
2505:Lake Merritt
2446:
2411:
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2356:. Retrieved
2349:the original
2344:
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2309:the original
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2031:. 2014-05-19
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1871:the original
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1799:nextdoor.com
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1775:nextdoor.com
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1751:nextdoor.com
1750:
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1716:. Retrieved
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1676:. 2008-10-13
1673:
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1646:the original
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1508:Fhwa.dot.gov
1507:
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1414:
1403:. Retrieved
1396:the original
1383:
1309:D'Andre Sams
1288:Philthy Rich
1229:, gunman in
1217:, journalist
1203:Keyshia Cole
1170:
1161:
1157:
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1140:
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1123:
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1053:Seneca Toler
1003:Maxwell Park
918:Arroyo Viejo
915:Arcadia Park
887:Grass Valley
837:World War II
822:
788:
735:Philthy Rich
731:Keyshia Cole
683:West Oakland
680:
663:
640:
637:Demographics
620:
612:
608:
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599:
594:In 1969 the
593:
584:
575:Walnut Creek
563:
547:
538:
521:
462:Lake Merritt
459:
443:
435:Lake Merritt
427:East Oakland
426:
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299:East Oakland
265:Maxwell Park
242:East Oakland
219:
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187:
185:lead section
154:
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128:
121:
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102:
90:Please help
85:verification
82:
58:
51:
45:
44:Please help
41:
2849: /
2674:Golden Gate
2641:San Antonio
2611:Havenscourt
2558:Old Oakland
2523:City Center
2513:Adams Point
2380:: 126–135.
2271:: 154–161.
1152:food desert
1038:San Antonio
987:Hegenberger
983:Havenscourt
929:Canyon Oaks
865:Jingle Town
659:Los Angeles
651:San Antonio
550:San Leandro
496:Oakland Zoo
466:San Leandro
450:U.S. Census
439:San Leandro
336: /
324:122°13′13″W
2864:Categories
2737:Ghost Town
2684:Longfellow
2616:Jingletown
2538:Grand Lake
2358:2018-04-23
2318:2018-04-23
2035:2018-04-25
2025:"Our Work"
1877:2011-07-29
1852:2007-10-31
1804:2021-02-15
1795:"Nextdoor"
1780:2021-02-15
1771:"Nextdoor"
1756:2021-02-15
1747:"Nextdoor"
1718:2016-12-25
1680:2016-12-25
1655:2018-04-23
1513:2016-12-25
1489:2016-12-25
1405:2018-04-23
1376:References
1366:Baba Zumbi
1324:Too $ hort
1255:Kreayshawn
1231:the deaths
1209:Mark Curry
1127:California
996:Las Palmas
932:Castlemont
831:(formerly
803:Key System
768:Mobb music
743:Shady Nate
381:California
321:37°46′47″N
148:April 2013
118:newspapers
47:improve it
2797:Montclair
2767:Claremont
2694:Rockridge
2679:Koreatown
2636:Ridgemont
2626:Millsmont
2606:Fruitvale
2518:Chinatown
2120:March 19,
1642:acphd.org
1610:151386198
1361:The Luniz
1274:The Luniz
1237:MC Hammer
1221:Sheila E.
1033:Ridgemont
1029:Oak Knoll
1014:Millsmont
967:Fitchburg
905:Crestmont
891:Lakeshore
844:Fruitvale
807:Chevrolet
751:Too Short
719:MC Hammer
711:Too Short
647:Chinatown
642:Fruitvale
623:Cambodian
560:Post WWII
456:Geography
190:summarize
53:talk page
2837:122°12′W
2772:Glenview
2704:Temescal
2699:Santa Fe
2646:Seminary
2601:Elmhurst
2596:Eastmont
2501:Downtown
2438:28835731
2374:Geoforum
2285:26356827
2246:12196617
2115:KQED Inc
1357:Yukmouth
1338:, rapper
1332:, rapper
1326:, rapper
1311:, rapper
1296:, artist
1290:, rapper
1270:Numskull
1257:, rapper
1251:, rapper
1245:, rapper
1243:Kamaiyah
1205:, singer
1193:, artist
1178:, artist
1076:Woodland
1056:Sequoyah
1044:Seminary
993:Iveywood
990:Highland
976:The Gate
964:theatre.
938:Coliseum
882:Glenview
779:Elmhurst
764:Bay Area
707:Dru Down
649:east to
524:the West
274:"E.S.O."
2834:37°46′N
2812:Oakmore
2732:Dogtown
2429:5564687
2237:1497393
2199:. 2014.
2145:. 2013.
2059:. 2013.
1974:. 2013.
1951:3578257
1901:. 2013.
1590:Bibcode
1336:V-Nasty
1101:Oakland
1007:Melrose
799:Latinos
791:annexed
669:Culture
631:Chinese
571:Hayward
528:Oakland
518:History
419:Oakland
400:Alameda
350:Country
132:scholar
2621:Laurel
2568:Uptown
2436:
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1949:
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1370:Zion I
1279:Phesto
1182:A-Plus
897:Tuxedo
855:Laurel
745:, and
629:, and
498:, the
494:, the
388:County
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2722:Acorn
2352:(PDF)
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1638:(PDF)
1606:S2CID
1399:(PDF)
1392:(PDF)
1315:Tajai
973:Frick
760:blues
723:Luniz
368:State
139:JSTOR
125:books
2434:PMID
2281:PMID
2242:PMID
2182:help
2122:2018
2096:help
2011:help
1947:PMID
1582:City
758:and
756:funk
573:and
502:and
473:and
407:City
111:news
2424:PMC
2416:doi
2382:doi
2273:doi
2269:143
2232:PMC
2224:doi
2220:116
1937:hdl
1929:doi
1925:125
1598:doi
1563:doi
944:Cox
627:Lao
475:880
94:by
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