397:
Third World than
Marxists. We do know from contemporary sources that Joris held radically internationalist, cosmopolitan ideas, in favor of ‘worldly solidarity’ and ‘humanity’. Recounting the court proceedings to his wife in an undated letter from his Istanbul prison, he claimed to have said in court: ‘The whole Universe is my fatherland, the whole of humanity is my family and all those who suffer are my brothers. I do not recognize any borders.' At the same time, however, Joris clearly believed in the existence of separate peoples that had distinct national qualities. His writings on Armenia are a case in point.
2825:
31:
346:, the sentence was not carried out. A support committee was established by left-wing intellectuals in Belgium to maintain pressure on the Belgian government to work towards his release. Joris was kept in prison until 23 December 1907 and then returned to Belgium. His letters from prison formed the basis of a later book about his involvement in the plot.
392:
Joris’s best friend
Resseler explicitly mentioned Armenia in September 1901 as one example of bourgeois-capitalist violence toward the working class in a longer list: ‘Our whole bourgeois society is based on violence: all governments burn and kill in the Transvaal, in China, in the Congo, on Java, in
333:
Our comrades remember Joris, accused in the plot against the Yldiz-Kiosk bandit, sentenced to death by the judges of the massacrer a year and a half ago. The
Armenians are arrested en masse, and Joris, the dangerous and terrible one, who from the depths of his cell makes the bombs dance, will suffer
257:
The bombing was carried out on 21 July 1905, killing 26 and injuring 58 but failing to harm the sultan himself. Joris was arrested six days later. He was brought to trial on 25 November and sentenced to death on 18 December. Due to diplomatic pressure from
Belgium, the sentence was never carried out.
396:
From this synopsis it is important to remember that there is no necessary theoretical or practical contradiction between socialism (be it anarchist or reformist), nationalism (be it cultural or political) and internationalism. In general, anarchists were more drawn to anticolonial struggles in the
245:
His passport was found on
Kendirian's body, and Joris expressed deep sorrow over Kendirian's death, referring to him as a "very good friend." In total, 39 individuals were involved in the plot, including his wife, Anna Nellens, and the self-proclaimed daughter of Christapor Mikaelian, Nadedja
172:, where he was briefly employed writing commercial correspondence in French and English and then found work at the Singer sewing machine company. In 1902 his fiancée, Anna Nellens, joined him in Istanbul and they got married, even if he seemed to have been somewhat reluctant to do so.
234:, representing the Marxist branch of the ARF. He sheltered two conspirators in his home, and his house served as a meeting place for discussions and storage of explosives and firearms. Both Vramshabouh Kendirian and Christapor Mikaelian die in 1905 in
306:
also demonstrated for Edward Joris' release. The movement quickly extended beyond the anarchist circle of
Antwerp and spread throughout Belgian society, particularly among intellectual socialist and left-leaning elites, uniting both
262:
About a year before the attempt I read a manifest in the
Parisian paper Pro Armenia for the poor Armenians. This made a deep impression on me. It was my duty to make myself available to the Armenian committee. That is how I came to
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Joris enabled the organization to bypass customs, allowing the cart carrying the explosives to pass through, coming from Vienna. The explosives, consisting of 140 kilograms of picric acid, were conveyed by
1796:
1786:
219:, attended the congress and reported to his anarchist colleagues that the Armenians intended to use 'extreme methods.' Edward Joris later said that it was the reading of Quillard's journal,
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His wife was also sentenced to death, but in absentia, as she managed to escape before being apprehended by the
Ottoman police. He spoke during his trial and declared:
114:, with numerous political interventions advocating for his release. Supporters of his release were referred to as "Jorisards" and, while connected to the French
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667:
357:, and sought refuge in the Netherlands. He returned to Belgium after an amnesty in 1929 and worked as a self-employed publicity agent. He died in 1957.
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On August 14, 1902, he was dismissed by his employer and found employment again by the end of the year 1902 in a sewing company in
Constantinople.
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2904:
393:
Cuba and on the
Philippines, in Armenia’. This was a clear example of the emphatic anarchist interest in anti-imperialism and anticolonialism.
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1908:
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In this context, Joris met a colleague named Vramshabouh Kendirian, nicknamed Vram. Vram introduced him to one of the leaders of the
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He left school at 13 and worked as a shipping clerk. Engaging in left-wing politics, he was secretary of his local branch of the
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and Segher Rabaud published two statements of support for Edward Joris. In these, they declared, among other things:
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to support him. Its members, referred to as the "Jorisards," demanded his immediate release and were likened to the
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has been questioned, but Maarten Van Ginderachter believes that during that time, anarchist figures like
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After his return to Belgium, Joris worked as a bookseller and was secretary to the Antwerp branch of the
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464:, edited by Houssine Alloul, Edhem Eldem and Henk de Smaele (Palgrave Macmillan, 2018), pp. 67-98.
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418:, edited by Houssine Alloul, Edhem Eldem and Henk de Smaele (Palgrave Macmillan, 2018), p. 53.
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were open to supporting small anti-colonial national movements, such as the demands of the
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While he was imprisoned, awaiting his execution, a significant protest movement emerged in
231:
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from 1895 to 1898, as well as for a trade union. He contributed to the anarchist newspaper
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Maarten Van Ginderachter, "Edward Joris: Caught between Continents and Ideologies?" in
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2013:
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https://libstore.ugent.be/fulltxt/RUG01/002/162/503/RUG01-002162503_2014_0001_AC.pdf
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Gaïdz Minassian, "The Armenian Revolutionary Federation and Operation 'Nejuik'", in
223:, that motivated his choice to support the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF).
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2018:
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489:"The 'Jorisards': Public Mobilization Between Local Emotions and Universal Rights"
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1978:
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353:. After the First World War he was convicted of supporting the occupying forces'
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1953:
500:
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To Kill a Sultan: A Transnational History of the Attempt on Abdülhamid II (1905)
462:
To Kill a Sultan: A Transnational History of the Attempt on Abdülhamid II (1905)
416:
To Kill a Sultan: A Transnational History of the Attempt on Abdülhamid II (1905)
215:. One of the French anarchist representatives sensitized to the Armenian issue,
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2033:
1948:
1858:
1572:
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1177:
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Schrijverschap in de Belgische belle époque: een sociaal-culturele geschiedenis
312:
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65:
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53:
488:
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Beyen, Marnix (2018), Alloul, Houssine; Eldem, Edhem; de Smaele, Henk (eds.),
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2003:
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He was sentenced to death, which triggered a significant protest movement in
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1983:
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The Battle against Anarchist Terrorism: An International History, 1878–1934
87:(ARF), Vramshabouh Kendirian and one of the founders of the organization,
2203:
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1993:
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from closer surveillance due to the dirty exploits of the police scum.
2803:
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and became involved in the attempt after meeting two leaders of the
2108:
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308:
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50:
30:
557:
Living in the Ottoman Lands: Identities Administration and Warfare
554:Çağlar, Burhan; Can, Ömer Faruk; Kılıçarslan, Hacer (2021-03-01).
118:, they managed to secure his release by exerting pressure on both
2793:
1007:
636:
De Ligue Belge des Droits de l’Homme (1901-1939), Joost Depotter
339:
273:
134:
130:
123:
95:
1958:
1893:
625:
Dynamiet voor de sultan: Carolus Edward Joris in Konstantinopel
360:
343:
119:
111:
2183:
857:
280:
of Belgium by historians. They received support from notable
235:
150:
Born in 1876, Joris lost his father when he was 4 years old.
958:
145:
195:. In 1904, during an annual congress bringing together
267:
553:
288:, who published a letter from one of their leaders,
495:, London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 225–246,
2910:Prisoners sentenced to death by the Ottoman Empire
161:under the pseudonym Edward Greene and defended an
56:anarchist who was involved in the 1905 bombing in
2856:
675:
242:, while experimenting with explosive devices.
974:
661:
361:Anarchism and the Armenian national movement
191:were established in the 1890s, notably with
2885:Belgian collaborators with Imperial Germany
576:(Cambridge University Press, 2014), p. 307.
2759:Definition of anarchism and libertarianism
981:
967:
724:Liberation struggle of Artsakh (1724-1731)
668:
654:
29:
774:Battle of Holy Apostles Monastery (1901)
589:(Ghent and Nijmegen, 2009), pp. 161-166.
64:, which was directed against the Sultan
623:Walter Resseler and Benoit Suykerbuyk,
296:deputy and leader of the Jorisards, in
178:
2890:Belgian expatriates in the Netherlands
2857:
1762:Spanish Regional Federation of the IWA
456:
454:
452:
450:
448:
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146:Youth and move into the Ottoman Empire
133:a few years later. He died in 1957 in
2905:People convicted on terrorism charges
962:
649:
486:
442:
440:
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436:
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430:
428:
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189:Armenian national liberation movement
2895:Belgian prisoners sentenced to death
482:
480:
478:
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474:
472:
470:
784:Yıldız assassination attempt (1905)
268:Contestation, Jorisards and freedom
13:
421:
14:
2921:
2900:Expatriates in the Ottoman Empire
916:Armenian Revolutionary Federation
467:
386:Armenian Revolutionary Federation
228:Armenian Revolutionary Federation
205:Armenian Revolutionary Federation
85:Armenian Revolutionary Federation
2823:
1797:International Conference of Rome
1787:International Conference of Rome
698:Organizations and military units
338:Due to diplomatic pressure from
2875:Armenian independence activists
630:
1909:Australian Anarchist Centenary
1834:German Revolution of 1918–1919
820:Resistance during the genocide
695:Political and military leaders
617:
592:
579:
564:
547:
522:
408:
207:decided to assassinate Sultan
129:Edward Joris was sent back to
1:
1548:Decentralized planned economy
988:
744:Kum Kapu demonstration (1890)
401:
304:Human Rights League in France
106:, drawing comparisons to the
16:Belgian anarchist (1876–1957)
1143:Proletarian internationalism
759:Ottoman Bank Takeover (1896)
692:Persecution of the Armenians
165:stance in his publications.
140:
62:Yıldız assassination attempt
7:
1844:1919 United States bombings
501:10.1057/978-1-137-48932-6_8
351:Ligue des droits de l'homme
10:
2926:
2799:Situationist International
1869:Spanish Revolution of 1936
1727:Self-managed social center
769:Khanasor Expedition (1897)
754:Zeitun rebellion (1895–96)
739:Gugunian Expedition (1890)
677:Armenian national movement
374:Armenian national movement
2818:
2703:
2263:
2213:
1938:
1924:Really Really Free Market
1919:1999 Seattle WTO protests
1741:
1613:
1521:
1485:
1438:
1361:
1292:
1283:
1233:
1208:Temporary autonomous zone
1133:Permanent autonomous zone
1068:Consensus decision-making
996:
717:Battle of Halidzor (1727)
683:
365:The proximity between an
79:, he took an interest in
68:as a retribution for the
40:
28:
21:
1914:Carnival Against Capital
1839:Bavarian Soviet Republic
1828:Manifesto of the Sixteen
1722:Radical environmentalism
1671:Independent Media Center
1603:Workers' self-management
1048:Autonomous social center
936:Armenian volunteer units
183:The connections between
168:In 1901 he travelled to
1543:Cost the limit of price
789:Battle of Sulukh (1907)
712:Syunik rebellion (1722)
585:Christophe Verbruggen,
315:. On June 22, 1907, in
2339:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1148:Propaganda of the deed
1138:Prefigurative politics
1128:Participatory politics
1073:Conscientious objector
942:French Armenian Legion
749:Sasun rebellion (1894)
729:Zeitun uprising (1862)
399:
336:
265:
155:Belgian Workers' Party
2789:Libertarian socialism
1904:Kate Sharpley Library
1879:Red inverted triangle
1822:High Treason Incident
1812:Congress of Amsterdam
1218:Voluntary association
1028:Anti-authoritarianism
1018:Anarchist criminology
1013:Anarchist Black Cross
779:Sasun uprising (1904)
734:Bashkale clash (1889)
627:(Antwerp, b+b, 1997).
570:Richard Bach Jensen,
390:
331:
260:
203:representatives, the
98:, involving both the
35:Edward Joris en 1905.
2830:Anarchism portal
2234:Fictional characters
1717:Radical cheerleading
600:"Les Temps nouveaux"
530:"Les Temps nouveaux"
232:Christapor Mikaelian
179:Mosque Yıldız Attack
89:Christapor Mikaelian
2779:Left-libertarianism
1854:Kronstadt rebellion
1792:Trial of the Thirty
1757:Revolutions of 1848
1699:No gods, no masters
1508:Synthesis anarchism
1498:Anarcho-syndicalism
1486:Types of federation
211:in response to the
193:Alexander Atabekian
163:anarcho-syndicalist
2880:Belgian anarchists
2729:Anti-globalization
2399:Dominican Republic
2224:Anarcho-punk bands
1884:Labadie Collection
1874:Barcelona May Days
1777:Cantonal rebellion
1711:Property is theft!
1677:The Internationale
1631:Anarchist bookfair
1430:Without adjectives
1285:Schools of thought
800:Hamidian massacres
764:Van Defense (1896)
318:Les Temps Nouveaux
286:Georges Clemenceau
213:Hamidian massacres
70:Hamidian massacres
49:(1876–1957) was a
2852:
2851:
2809:Spontaneous order
2739:Anti-war movement
2244:Jewish anarchists
1752:French Revolution
1705:Popular education
1481:
1480:
1198:Spontaneous order
1058:Classless society
956:
955:
951:
950:
898:Political parties
883:Drastamat Kanayan
812:Armenian genocide
706:Until World War I
510:978-1-137-48932-6
44:
43:
2917:
2828:
2827:
2826:
2719:Anti-consumerism
2714:Anti-corporatism
1864:Amakasu Incident
1807:Strandza Commune
1782:Haymarket affair
1683:Jewish anarchism
1625:A las Barricadas
1593:Social ownership
1578:Market socialism
1553:Free association
1513:Union of egoists
1290:
1289:
1223:Workers' council
1213:Union of egoists
1173:Security culture
1083:Decentralization
1078:Critique of work
983:
976:
969:
960:
959:
837:Shabin-Karahisar
686:
685:
670:
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370:internationalist
292:, a progressive
33:
19:
18:
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2769:Labour movement
2699:
2698:
2697:
2259:
2258:
2257:
2209:
2208:
2207:
1934:
1933:
1932:
1929:Occupy movement
1802:Ferrer movement
1737:
1736:
1735:
1651:Escuela Moderna
1609:
1608:
1607:
1517:
1477:
1434:
1398:Insurrectionary
1357:
1279:
1278:
1277:
1229:
1228:
1227:
1153:Refusal of work
1038:Anti-militarism
1033:Anti-capitalism
992:
987:
957:
952:
947:
892:
851:
793:
679:
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468:
459:
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413:
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404:
363:
270:
263:Constantinople.
217:Pierre Quillard
181:
148:
143:
81:anticolonialism
36:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2923:
2913:
2912:
2907:
2902:
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2840:
2833:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2784:Libertarianism
2781:
2776:
2774:Left communism
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
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2707:
2705:Related topics
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2674:United Kingdom
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2389:Czech Republic
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2096:
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2076:
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2056:
2051:
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2044:González Prada
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
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1966:
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1859:Makhnovshchina
1856:
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1772:Hague Congress
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1595:
1590:
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1573:Labour voucher
1570:
1568:Give-away shop
1565:
1560:
1558:General strike
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1529:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1519:
1518:
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1493:Affinity group
1489:
1487:
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1479:
1478:
1476:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1463:Post-anarchist
1460:
1455:
1450:
1444:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1432:
1427:
1426:
1425:
1420:
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1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1389:
1388:
1386:Social ecology
1383:
1373:
1367:
1365:
1363:Post-classical
1359:
1358:
1356:
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1190:
1185:
1183:Social ecology
1180:
1178:Self-ownership
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1108:Horizontalidad
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1063:Class struggle
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1043:Affinity group
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1004:
1003:
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986:
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933:
925:
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920:
919:
913:
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900:
899:
895:
893:
891:
890:
888:Garegin Nzhdeh
885:
880:
875:
870:
868:Kevork Chavush
865:
860:
854:
852:
850:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
823:
822:
816:
815:
809:
806:Adana massacre
803:
796:
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786:
781:
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771:
766:
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746:
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629:
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591:
578:
563:
546:
521:
509:
466:
420:
406:
405:
403:
400:
362:
359:
290:Georges Lorand
269:
266:
209:Abdul Hamid II
180:
177:
170:Constantinople
147:
144:
142:
139:
108:Dreyfus Affair
66:Abdul Hamid II
58:Constantinople
42:
41:
38:
37:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2922:
2911:
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2679:United States
2677:
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2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2439:French Guiana
2437:
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2432:
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2427:
2425:
2422:
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2417:
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2412:
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2252:
2250:
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2240:
2237:
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2232:
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2227:
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2222:
2218:
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2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
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2177:
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2172:
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2167:
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2130:
2127:
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2117:
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2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
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2092:
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2087:
2085:
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2077:
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2072:
2070:
2067:
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2062:
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2057:
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2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
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1900:
1897:
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1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
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1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1849:Biennio Rosso
1847:
1845:
1842:
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1837:
1835:
1832:
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1825:
1823:
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1793:
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1778:
1775:
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1767:Paris Commune
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1746:
1744:
1740:
1733:
1730:
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1622:
1618:
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1612:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1588:Mutual credit
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1533:Communization
1531:
1530:
1526:
1524:
1520:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
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1471:
1469:
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1456:
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1421:
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1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1366:
1364:
1360:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1324:
1323:Philosophical
1321:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1301:Individualist
1299:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1282:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1244:Animal rights
1242:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
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1191:
1189:
1186:
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1159:
1156:
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1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1113:Individualism
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1093:Direct action
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1001:
999:
995:
991:
984:
979:
977:
972:
970:
965:
964:
961:
943:
940:
937:
934:
932:
931:
927:
926:
922:
921:
917:
914:
911:
908:
905:
902:
901:
897:
896:
894:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
878:Aram Manukian
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
863:Aghbiur Serob
861:
859:
856:
855:
853:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
824:
821:
818:
817:
813:
810:
807:
804:
801:
798:
797:
795:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
718:
715:
714:
713:
710:
709:
705:
704:
702:
701:
697:
694:
691:
688:
687:
682:
678:
671:
666:
664:
659:
657:
652:
651:
648:
639:
633:
626:
620:
605:
601:
595:
588:
582:
575:
574:
567:
559:
558:
550:
535:
531:
525:
512:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
483:
481:
479:
477:
475:
473:
471:
463:
457:
455:
453:
451:
449:
447:
445:
443:
441:
439:
437:
435:
433:
431:
429:
427:
425:
417:
411:
407:
398:
394:
389:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
368:
358:
356:
355:Flamenpolitik
352:
347:
345:
341:
335:
330:
328:
324:
320:
319:
314:
310:
305:
301:
300:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
264:
259:
255:
253:
247:
243:
241:
237:
233:
229:
224:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
176:
173:
171:
166:
164:
160:
156:
151:
138:
136:
132:
127:
126:authorities.
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
92:
90:
86:
82:
78:
73:
71:
67:
63:
60:known as the
59:
55:
52:
48:
39:
32:
27:
20:
2842:
2835:
2821:
2734:Anti-statism
2724:Anti-fascism
2629:South Africa
2129:Pi i Margall
1826:
1675:
1636:Anarcho-punk
1623:
1598:Wage slavery
1563:Gift economy
1458:Postcolonial
1440:Contemporary
1393:Independence
1340:Collectivist
1259:Love and sex
1088:Deep ecology
1023:Anationalism
928:
632:
624:
619:
608:. Retrieved
606:. 1907-06-22
603:
594:
586:
581:
571:
566:
556:
549:
538:. Retrieved
536:. 1905-12-09
533:
524:
514:, retrieved
492:
461:
415:
410:
395:
391:
364:
348:
337:
332:
316:
297:
271:
261:
256:
248:
244:
225:
182:
174:
167:
158:
152:
149:
128:
93:
75:Through his
74:
47:Edward Joris
46:
45:
23:Edward Joris
2870:1957 deaths
2865:1876 births
2644:Switzerland
2604:Puerto Rico
2589:Philippines
2554:New Zealand
2549:Netherlands
2419:El Salvador
2254:Periodicals
1817:Tragic Week
1688:Lifestylism
1583:Mutual bank
1538:Cooperative
1503:Platformism
1453:Free-market
1381:Primitivist
1264:Nationalism
1193:Somatherapy
1103:Freethought
944:(1916–1920)
938:(1914–1917)
321:, a French
282:Dreyfusards
278:Dreyfusards
221:Pro Armenia
116:Dreyfusards
2859:Categories
2764:Dual Power
2749:Autonomism
2744:Autarchism
2404:East Timor
2374:Costa Rica
2319:Bangladesh
2314:Azerbaijan
2024:Feyerabend
1661:Freeganism
1311:Illegalist
1249:Capitalism
1188:Sociocracy
1158:Revolution
1123:Mutual aid
1053:Black bloc
610:2023-11-16
540:2023-11-16
516:2023-08-15
402:References
327:Jean Grave
284:, such as
246:Datalian.
185:anarchists
2804:Socialism
2754:Communism
2689:Venezuela
2624:Singapore
2559:Nicaragua
2484:Indonesia
2464:Hong Kong
2459:Guatemala
2304:Australia
2294:Argentina
2265:By region
2249:Musicians
2154:Santillán
2104:Malatesta
2074:Kropotkin
2054:Guillaume
1732:Symbolism
1646:DIY ethic
1523:Economics
1468:Post-left
1413:Christian
1408:Religious
1345:Communist
1330:Mutualist
1294:Classical
1254:Education
1203:Squatting
1163:Rewilding
1098:Free love
990:Anarchism
904:Armenakan
847:Musa Dagh
802:(1894–96)
560:. Kronik.
367:anarchist
325:journal,
323:anarchist
254:sailors.
252:Bulgarian
201:Bulgarian
159:Ontwaking
141:Biography
77:anarchism
2837:Category
2599:Portugal
2579:Paraguay
2539:Mongolia
2524:Malaysia
2369:Colombia
2349:Bulgaria
2139:Proudhon
2099:Maksimov
2079:Landauer
2029:Giovanni
1979:Bookchin
1894:May 1968
1666:Infoshop
1418:Buddhist
1403:Pacifist
1371:Feminist
1350:Magonist
1318:Naturist
1274:Violence
1269:Religion
1168:Sabotage
998:Concepts
873:Andranik
382:Proudhon
372:and the
309:Walloons
299:L'Aurore
240:Bulgaria
197:Armenian
187:and the
102:and the
100:Walloons
2844:Outline
2794:Marxism
2694:Vietnam
2684:Uruguay
2669:Ukraine
2659:Tunisia
2609:Romania
2564:Nigeria
2544:Morocco
2494:Ireland
2474:Iceland
2469:Hungary
2449:Germany
2444:Georgia
2429:Finland
2424:Estonia
2409:Ecuador
2394:Denmark
2379:Croatia
2334:Bolivia
2329:Belgium
2324:Belarus
2309:Austria
2299:Armenia
2289:Andorra
2284:Algeria
2279:Albania
2199:Yarchuk
2174:Tolstoy
2169:Thoreau
2164:Stirner
2159:Spooner
2124:Parsons
2049:Graeber
2039:Goldman
1999:Durruti
1984:Chomsky
1974:Bonanno
1969:Berkman
1964:Bakunin
1743:History
1693:May Day
1615:Culture
1008:Anarchy
910:Hunchak
689:History
604:Gallica
534:Gallica
378:Bakunin
340:Belgium
313:Flemish
294:Walloon
274:Belgium
230:(ARF),
135:Antwerp
131:Belgium
124:Belgian
104:Flemish
96:Belgium
54:Flemish
51:Belgian
2664:Turkey
2654:Taiwan
2639:Sweden
2619:Serbia
2614:Russia
2594:Poland
2574:Panama
2569:Norway
2534:Monaco
2529:Mexico
2519:Latvia
2499:Israel
2454:Greece
2434:France
2354:Canada
2344:Brazil
2274:Africa
2204:Zerzan
2194:Warren
2179:Tucker
2149:Rocker
2144:Reclus
2134:Pouget
2114:Michel
2094:Makhno
2069:Kōtoku
2059:He-Yin
2034:Godwin
2019:Ferrer
1989:Cleyre
1954:Armand
1949:Alston
1940:People
1423:Jewish
1335:Social
1306:Egoist
1235:Issues
930:Fedayi
918:(1890)
912:(1887)
906:(1885)
827:Zeitun
814:(1915)
808:(1909)
507:
344:France
302:. The
120:French
112:France
2649:Syria
2634:Spain
2514:Korea
2509:Japan
2504:Italy
2479:India
2414:Egypt
2364:China
2359:Chile
2239:Films
2229:Books
2215:Lists
2184:Volin
2089:Magón
2064:Kanno
2014:Faure
2009:Ervin
2004:Ellul
1889:Provo
1656:Films
1473:Queer
1448:Black
1376:Green
923:Units
858:Arabo
236:Sofia
2584:Peru
2489:Iran
2384:Cuba
2189:Ward
2119:Most
2109:Mett
1641:Arts
842:Urfa
505:ISBN
342:and
311:and
199:and
122:and
2084:Liu
1994:Day
1899:LIP
1118:Law
832:Van
497:doi
380:or
110:in
2861::
1959:Ba
602:.
532:.
503:,
491:,
469:^
423:^
238:,
137:.
91:.
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613:.
543:.
499::
388::
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