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by depositing electrons on the electrode. To an external wire connected to the electrodes of a galvanic cell (or battery), forming an electric circuit, the cathode is positive and the anode is negative. Thus positive electric current flows from the cathode to the anode through the external circuit in
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348:) flow within the cell, to be reduced by reacting with electrons (negatively charged) from that electrode. Likewise, he defined the anode as the electrode to which anions (negatively charged ions, like chloride ions Cl
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electrochemical cell exists in the state between an electrolytic cell and a galvanic cell. The tendency of a spontaneous reaction to push a current through the external circuit is exactly balanced by a
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can also function as electrolytes. When driven by an external voltage applied to the electrodes, the ions in the electrolyte are attracted to an electrode with the opposite
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so that no current flows. If this counter-electromotive force is increased, the cell becomes an electrolytic cell, and if it is decreased, the cell becomes a galvanic cell.
266:, causing a non-spontaneous chemical reaction to proceed. In a galvanic cell, the progress of a spontaneous chemical reaction causes an electric current to flow. An
438:(e.g., of copper, silver, nickel, or chromium) is done using an electrolytic cell. Electrolysis is a technique that uses a direct electric current (DC).
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chemical compound in the solution. The electrical energy provided can produce a chemical reaction that would otherwise not occur spontaneously.
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330:(i.e., voltage) of correct polarity and sufficient magnitude can an electrolytic cell decompose a normally stable, or
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Sodium chloride that has been dissolved in water can also be electrolyzed. The anode oxidizes the chloride ions (Cl
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In molten sodium chloride (NaCl), when a current is passed through the salt the anode oxidizes chloride ions (Cl
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defined the cathode of a cell as the electrode to which cations (positively charged ions, such as silver ions Ag
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remains -ve, while the net reaction taking place in an electrolytic cell is the reverse of this
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As already noted, water, particularly when ions are added (saltwater or acidic water), can be
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Electrolytic cells are often used to decompose chemical compounds, in a process called
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Murphy B, Murphy C, Hathaway B, eds. (1997). "Electrochemistry I: Galvanic Cells".
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Skoog, Douglas A.; West, Donald M.; Holler, F. James; Crouch, Stanley R. (2014).
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A Working Method
Approach for Introductory Physical Chemistry Calculations
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Cell that uses electrical energy to drive a non-spontaneous redox reaction
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Commercially, electrolytic cells are used in the electrorefining and
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A video describing the process of electrolytic reduction as used on
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that would otherwise not occur. The external energy source is a
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414:. Important examples of electrolysis are the decomposition of
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705:(3rd ed.). Amsterdam: Academic Press/Elsevier.
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187:Nineteenth-century electrolytic cell for producing
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326:) reactions can take place. Only with an external
461:are produced industrially in electrolytic cells.
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445:of several non-ferrous metals. Most high-purity
670:. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning.
278:An electrolytic cell has three components: an
171:Learn how and when to remove this message
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
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262:passes through the cell by an external
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250:, i.e., the Gibbs free energy is +ve.
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230:solution. This is in contrast to a
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356:) flow within the cell, to be
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361:the case of a galvanic cell.
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699:Mortimer, Robert G. (2008).
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49:the claims made and adding
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740:Collins English Dictionary
630:(8th ed.). New York:
622:Harris, Daniel C. (2010).
599:Royal Society of Chemistry
652:– via Open Library.
632:W. H. Freeman and Company
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282:and two electrodes (a
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404:and the Greek word
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161:November 2023
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59:November 2017
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745:. Retrieved
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556:Electrolysis
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466:electrolyzed
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365:Applications
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312:Molten salts
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103:Please help
98:verification
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747:November 4,
412:to break up
402:electricity
292:electrolyte
280:electrolyte
268:equilibrium
228:electrolyte
206:to force a
189:oxyhydrogen
572:References
254:Principles
216:electrodes
131:newspapers
43:improve it
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686:824171785
650:540161465
306:in which
302:or other
47:verifying
762:Category
742:(online)
550:See also
540:chlorine
447:aluminum
432:aluminum
420:hydrogen
400:meaning
358:oxidized
314:such as
304:solvents
296:solution
428:bauxite
398:electro
290:). The
286:and an
284:cathode
264:voltage
260:current
236:battery
224:cathode
212:voltage
145:scholar
41:Please
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451:copper
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424:oxygen
410:means
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198:is an
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430:into
418:into
416:water
407:lysis
332:inert
324:redox
300:water
288:anode
220:anode
218:; an
152:JSTOR
138:books
749:2023
717:OCLC
707:ISBN
682:OCLC
672:ISBN
646:OCLC
636:ISBN
603:ISBN
459:lead
455:zinc
422:and
308:ions
124:news
385:at
298:of
194:An
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