458:
439:
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148:
43:
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407:, forces in vehicles occur via circulation control, in which larger more complex mechanical parts are replaced by smaller simpler fluidic systems (slots which emit air flows) where larger forces in fluids are diverted by smaller jets or flows of fluid intermittently, to change the direction of vehicles. In this use, fluidics promises lower mass, costs (up to 50% less), and very low
457:
292:
Elevators are usually part of the tail, at the rear of an aircraft. In some aircraft, pitch-control surfaces are in the front, ahead of the wing. In a two-surface aircraft this type of configuration is called a
232:
Both the horizontal stabilizer and the elevator contribute to pitch stability, but only the elevators provide pitch control. They do so by decreasing or increasing the downward force created by the stabilizer:
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elevator, causes the tail to rise and the nose to lower. At constant speed, the decrease in angle of attack reduces the lift, accelerating the aircraft downwards.
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272:), because shock waves generated on the horizontal stabilizer greatly reduce the effectiveness of hinged elevators during supersonic flight.
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988:
627:
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369:(for faster, stronger control response), complexity (mechanically simpler, fewer moving parts or surfaces, less maintenance), and
185:. They may be the only pitch control surface present, and are sometimes located at the front of the aircraft (early airplanes and
79:
60:
594:
467:. The elevator is the silver surface on the right hand side of the picture, immediately below the red pipes on the factory wall.
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534:. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C.: U.S. Federal Aviation Administration. 2004. FAA-8083-3A. Archived from
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elevator, forces the tail down and the nose up. At constant speed, the wing's increased angle of attack causes a greater
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628:"The flapless air vehicle integrated industrial research (FLAVIIR) programme in aeronautical engineering"
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to be produced by the wing, accelerating the aircraft upwards. The drag and power demand also increase;
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created by the wing lift force, which typically applies at a point (the wing center of lift) situated
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In flexible wings, much or all of a wing surface can change shape in flight to deflect air flow. The
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and elevators –and their respective control inputs– into one control surface called an
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Proceedings of the
Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering
600:. Ann Arbor, MI; Dayton, OH, U.S.A.: FlexSys Inc., Air Force Research Laboratory. Archived from
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is present at the rear of the elevator, which the pilot can adjust to eliminate forces on the
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into wings to perform the aerodynamic purpose with the advantages of less: mass, cost, drag,
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may also result in pitch moments that need to be compensated with the horizontal stabilizer.
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Kota, Sridhar; Osborn, Russell; Ervin, Gregory; Maric, Dragan; Flick, Peter; Paul, Donald.
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Several technology research and development efforts exist to integrate the functions of
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189:) or integrated into a rear "all-moving tailplane", also called a slab elevator or
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595:"Mission Adaptive Compliant Wing – Design, Fabrication and Flight Test"
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The elevator is a usable up and down system that controls the plane,
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507:(2nd ed.). Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley & Sons. p. 385.
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and the lift of the wing. The elevators are usually hinged to the
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385:. Two promising approaches are flexible wings, and fluidics.
737:
719:. London: Associated Newspapers Limited. 28 September 2010.
638:(4). London: Mechanical Engineering Publications: 355–363.
393:
302:
214:
713:"Demon UAV jets into history by flying without flaps"
248:
a decreased downward force at the tail, produced by
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67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
333:may have both front (canard) and rear elevators (
196:
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27:Aircraft control surface used to control pitch
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268:aircraft usually have all-moving tailplanes (
688:"Showcase UAV Demonstrates Flapless Flight"
766:
752:
313:' early aircraft were of the canard type;
651:
237:an increased downward force, produced by
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
502:
444:The tail of an Airbus A380, showing the
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14:
1709:
625:
549:Scott, William B. (27 November 2006),
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264:at the desired attitude and airspeed.
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400:is a military and commercial effort.
555:Aviation Week & Space Technology
463:Pre-installed elevators for a small
411:and response times, and simplicity.
65:adding citations to reliable sources
36:
690:. BAE Systems. 2010. Archived from
209:force which balances the nose down
24:
25:
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727:
151:Elevator and pitch trim tab of a
736:(elevator function explanation,
456:
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321:are of tandem type. Some early
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347:aircraft flight control systems
169:, which control the aircraft's
52:needs additional citations for
1676:In-flight entertainment system
1373:Horizontal situation indicator
705:
680:
619:
586:
560:
542:
528:"3 - Basic Flight Maneuvers".
521:
496:
448:at the rear of the horizontal
256:On many low-speed aircraft, a
197:Elevator control effectiveness
13:
1:
489:
1656:Environmental control system
503:Phillips, Warren F. (2010).
390:X-53 Active Aeroelastic Wing
377:. These may be used in many
165:, usually at the rear of an
7:
472:
340:
76:"Elevator" aeronautics
10:
1738:
1333:Course deviation indicator
1024:Electro-hydraulic actuator
414:
381:(UAVs) and 6th generation
143:Elevators' effect on pitch
29:
1623:
1602:
1564:Conventional landing gear
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969:
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568:"FlexSys Inc.: Aerospace"
32:Elevator (disambiguation)
1348:Flight management system
644:10.1243/09544100JAERO580
531:Airplane Flying Handbook
379:unmanned aerial vehicles
225:and changing the engine
1651:Emergency oxygen system
1413:Turn and slip indicator
1208:Leading-edge droop flap
1178:Drag-reducing aerospike
1153:Adaptive compliant wing
1148:Active Aeroelastic Wing
398:Adaptive Compliant Wing
163:flight control surfaces
1691:Passenger service unit
1492:Self-sealing fuel tank
1388:Multi-function display
331:three surface aircraft
323:three surface aircraft
155:
144:
1671:Ice protection system
1589:Tricycle landing gear
1579:Landing gear extender
796:Aft pressure bulkhead
734:Aircraft Pitch Motion
325:had front elevators (
203:horizontal stabilizer
150:
142:
1636:Auxiliary power unit
1044:Flight control modes
327:Curtiss/AEA June Bug
173:, and therefore the
61:improve this article
30:For other uses, see
1615:Escape crew capsule
1522:War emergency power
1393:Pitot–static system
1238:Variable-sweep wing
946:Vertical stabilizer
505:Mechanics of Flight
371:radar cross section
288:Elevators' location
18:Elevator (aviation)
1323:Attitude indicator
1303:Airspeed indicator
1298:Aircraft periscope
315:Mignet Pou-du-Ciel
217:of the airplane's
205:usually creates a
156:
145:
1717:Aircraft controls
1704:
1703:
1631:Aircraft lavatory
1368:Heading indicator
1313:Annunciator panel
1293:Air data computer
1203:Leading-edge cuff
514:978-0-470-53975-0
276:aircraft combine
221:. The effects of
219:center of gravity
137:
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16:(Redirected from
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1722:Attitude control
1686:Navigation light
1666:Hydraulic system
1641:Bleed air system
1569:Drogue parachute
1243:Vortex generator
861:Interplane strut
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672:. Archived from
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607:on 22 March 2012
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570:. Archived from
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551:"Morphing Wings"
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383:fighter aircraft
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1661:Flight recorder
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1512:Thrust reversal
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1398:Radar altimeter
1363:Head-up display
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1158:Anti-shock body
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989:Artificial feel
971:Flight controls
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831:Fabric covering
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777:components and
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626:P John (2010).
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574:on 16 June 2011
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1603:Escape systems
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1541:arresting gear
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816:Cruciform tail
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811:Crack arrestor
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729:
728:External links
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676:on 2018-05-17.
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538:on 2011-06-30.
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262:control column
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181:or horizontal
153:light aircraft
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1353:Glass cockpit
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1288:Air data boom
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1069:Rudder pedals
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694:on 2011-07-07
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319:Rutan Quickie
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78: –
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73:
72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
1646:Deicing boot
1574:Landing gear
1517:Townend ring
1507:Thrust lever
1482:NACA cowling
1447:Autothrottle
1439:fuel systems
1437:devices and
1228:Stall strips
1198:Krueger flap
1168:Channel wing
1114:Wing warping
1104:Stick shaker
1099:Stick pusher
1028:
1019:Dual control
1004:Centre stick
871:Leading edge
841:Flying wires
801:Cabane strut
716:
707:
696:. Retrieved
692:the original
682:
674:the original
635:
631:
621:
609:. Retrieved
602:the original
588:
576:. Retrieved
572:the original
562:
554:
544:
536:the original
530:
523:
504:
498:
445:
429:
402:
396:effort. The
387:
344:
335:Grumman X-29
291:
274:Delta winged
255:
249:
238:
231:
206:
200:
158:
157:
123:
117:January 2009
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
1594:Tundra tire
1477:Intake ramp
1408:Transponder
1193:Gurney flap
1134:Aerodynamic
1049:Fly-by-wire
931:Triple tail
717:Metro.co.uk
329:); modern
307:tandem wing
270:stabilators
1711:Categories
1584:Oleo strut
1472:Inlet cone
1467:Gascolator
1433:Propulsion
1423:Yaw string
1418:Variometer
1274:instrument
1253:Wing fence
1188:Gouge flap
1163:Blown flap
1119:Yaw damper
1094:Stabilator
1079:Side-stick
1014:Dive brake
901:Stabilizer
876:Lift strut
866:Jury strut
698:2010-12-22
490:References
450:stabilizer
428:A drooped
266:Supersonic
191:stabilator
183:stabilizer
87:newspapers
1559:Autobrake
1487:NACA duct
1462:Fuel tank
1452:Drop tank
1435:controls,
1318:Astrodome
1308:Altimeter
1173:Dog-tooth
1138:high-lift
1089:Spoileron
1074:Servo tab
1054:Gust lock
1009:Deceleron
994:Autopilot
951:Wing root
936:Twin tail
921:Tailplane
856:Hardpoint
826:Empennage
789:structure
662:0954-4100
653:1826/5579
446:elevators
363:flaperons
301:word for
179:tailplane
159:Elevators
1527:Wet wing
1502:Throttle
1248:Vortilon
1109:Trim tab
1039:Flaperon
1029:Elevator
984:Airbrake
956:Wing tip
881:Longeron
851:Fuselage
787:Airframe
775:Aircraft
740:website)
670:56205932
611:26 April
578:26 April
473:See also
430:elevator
405:fluidics
351:ailerons
349:such as
341:Research
278:ailerons
258:trim tab
207:downward
167:aircraft
1537:Landing
1328:Compass
1276:systems
1268:Avionic
1258:Winglet
1141:devices
1084:Spoiler
979:Aileron
961:Wingbox
886:Nacelle
836:Fairing
779:systems
484:Aileron
415:Gallery
409:inertia
375:stealth
367:inertia
355:elevons
309:. The
305:) or a
187:canards
101:scholar
1272:flight
1233:Strake
1064:Rudder
1034:Elevon
999:Canard
941:V-tail
916:T-tail
846:Former
806:Canopy
668:
660:
511:
479:Rudder
465:Airbus
299:French
295:canard
282:elevon
227:thrust
211:moment
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
1457:FADEC
1343:EICAS
1218:Slats
1059:HOTAS
911:Strut
666:S2CID
605:(PDF)
598:(PDF)
392:is a
359:flaps
297:(the
171:pitch
108:JSTOR
94:books
1539:and
1403:TCAS
1383:ISIS
1338:EFIS
1283:ACAS
1270:and
1223:Slot
1183:Flap
1136:and
1124:Yoke
896:Spar
821:Dope
738:NASA
658:ISSN
613:2011
580:2011
509:ISBN
394:NASA
373:for
361:and
317:and
303:duck
250:down
243:lift
223:drag
161:are
80:news
1378:INS
1358:GPS
1213:LEX
891:Rib
648:hdl
640:doi
636:224
403:In
337:).
215:aft
63:by
1713::
715:.
664:.
656:.
646:.
634:.
630:.
553:,
357:,
284:.
239:up
193:.
767:e
760:t
753:v
701:.
650::
642::
615:.
582:.
517:.
130:)
124:(
119:)
115:(
105:·
98:·
91:·
84:·
57:.
34:.
20:)
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