290:
31:
459:
321:. The young women in the São Carlos audiences were fascinated by her way of styling her thick blond hair to look artfully "dishevelled" and soon began imitating it. The Portuguese word "gaforina" was coined to describe both Gafforini's hairstyle and the type of woman who wore it. The word appears in later writings by both
374:
satirizing the political regime of Milan. It proved very popular with the audience, but she was accused by the authorities of "shameless behavior" during the performance. This led to her being banned for a year from La Scala and other royal theatres under the patronage of
Napoleon. At the same time,
113:
roles, primarily in the theatres of Venice and at La Scala in Milan but also in Spain, Portugal, and other
Italian cities. During the course of her 25-year career she appeared in numerous world premieres. She possessed a limpid, flexible, and resonant voice with an exceptionally wide range, and
135:
Fenaroli and
Giuseppe Gafforini. Despite her considerable celebrity, there is little biographical data available about her early life. Her first documented performances date from 1793 when she was active in the opera houses of Venice. Her early appearances in Venice included the premieres of
621:
Original
Italian: "Elisabetta Gafforini, vedova di Antonio Gasparinetti Colonnello italiano. Celeberrima nel canto, provida, affettuosa e tenera madre. Onesta, giudiziosa, saggia, ed ingegnosa creatura. La figlia Eugenia Gasparinetti Lanfranchi desolatissima e riconoscente
284:
were unforgettable. Never again shall there be born into the world, solely for the purpose of ministering to the frivolous pleasures of sophisticated people, another living being that so shone and sparkled, whose wit was more irrepressible, nor whose merriment was more
556:
To
Elisabetta Gafforini, widow of Italian Colonel Antonio Gasparinetti. A most celebrated singer, an affectionate and tender mother. A principled, wise, honest, and intelligent creature. Placed here by her desolate and grieving daughter, Eugenia Gasparinetti
174:, 1794). Over the next six years Gafforini continued to appear in Venice as well as in Verona, Trieste, Livorno, and Turin. During this period her younger sister, Marianna Gafforini, often appeared with her in secondary roles. Marianna later married the bass
379:, had published a sonnet in her honour, and that too was seen as expressing anti-French sentiments, despite the fact that Gasparinetti was an ardent supporter of Napoleon and had served as a cavalry officer in Italy's Napoleonic troops.
507:, had urged Rossini and the impresario Francesco Sforza-Cesarini to entice Gafforini out of retirement to sing Rosina at the opera's premiere. However, her fee was too high and in the end they settled on
847:
612:
There was also a tenor named
Francesco Gafforini who was singing in Venice at the same time as Elisabetta and Marianna and later appeared with Elisabetta when she was singing in Lisbon.
542:
541:
Antonio
Gasparinetti died in 1824. Elisabetta lived on until 1847. On her death at the age of 70, her daughter erected a large marble memorial to her along the grand staircase of the
118:
was a consummate and enchanting comic actress. Gafforini was born in Milan and lived there after her definitive retirement from the stage in 1818 until her death at the age of 70.
337:
244:. By this time, her physical beauty and talent for comedy had made her the idol of La Scala's audiences. A four-page leaflet was published to coincide with the premiere of
489:
on 1 April 1812. Their daughter and only child, Eugenia, was born later that year some time after
Gafforini's summer appearance at the Teatro Eretenio in
157:
603:
claim that
Gafforini made her stage debut in Vienna in 1789 in an unspecified performance, although the date is highly unlikely given her date of birth.
1010:
497:. From 1812 Gafforini had effectively retired from the stage although she made a few sporadic appearances between 1815 and 1818. Her brother-in-law,
969:, a collection of poems in Gafforini's honour published in Vicenza in 1812 and written by Francesco Sale, Francesco Gualdo, and several other poets
351:
248:, containing an adulatory sonnet and her portrait. Beneath her portrait was a couplet which was frequently repeated in later writings about her:
880:
673:
958:, a sonnet and ode to Gafforini published in 1806 and written by her future husband, Antonio Gasparinetti under the initials "A. G."
995:
547:
297:
Gafforini continued to sing at La Scala for the 1802 season, appearing in several operas including the world premieres of Mosca's
236:, which reconfirmed Napoleon's rule over Milan. The following November Gafforini sang the role of the Contessa in the premiere of
576:
522:
to mark the return of Milan to
Austrian control. Her last known stage appearances were at La Fenice in Venice where she appeared
574:
There is considerable variation in Gafforini's year of birth as given in other dictionaries and encyclopedias. Her entry in the
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1005:
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137:
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Gafforini returned to Milan and the stage of La Scala in 1806, appearing in the spring in a revival of
953:
519:
382:
Gafforini was welcomed back to La Scala in the 1808 season and continued to sing there and at the
314:
701:
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genre where she excelled, she had sung similar roles in her early days in Venice: Giulio Cesare (
289:
928:
773:
233:
901:
793:
503:
485:. On her return to Milan, Gafforini and her lover, Antonio Gasparinetti, were married at the
964:
756:
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463:
376:
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171:
162:
94:
8:
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Iscrizioni delle chiese e degli altri edifici di Milano dal secolo VIII ai giorni nostri
350:. However, there was trouble in the autumn season. Gafforini starred in the premiere of
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422:. Although the repertoire throughout her main career had been overwhelmingly in the
30:
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518:, a cantata by Vincenzo Federici and Ferdinando Orlandi sung in the presence of
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237:
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427:
175:
110:
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Versi a Elisabetta Gafforini prima cantante di camera di S.M. il Re d'Italia
190:
in March 1801. That spring she sang in four comic operas there: revivals of
105:(1777 – 10 November 1847) was an Italian opera singer who performed leading
293:
Gafforini in her artfully dishevelled hairstyle, depicted in Lisbon in 1804
394:
388:
268:, who had attended many of her performances at La Scala, later recalled:
817:
309:. She then left for Lisbon, where she was the prima donna of an Italian
272:
In her, the comic genius flowered in all its glory. Her performances in
458:
191:
386:
in Turin until 1811. Towards the end of that period she ventured into
778:
Dizionario biografico dei più celebri poeti ed artisti melodrammatici
675:"Les amis de la patrie": Antonio Gasparinetti e i congiurati del 1814
447:
106:
83:
317:
between 1803 and 1805, including the world premiere of Fioravanti's
403:
399:
313:
company led by Fioravanti. She performed in numerous operas at the
265:
187:
115:
930:
The Birth of an Opera: Fifteen Masterpieces from Poppea to Wozzeck
490:
226:
469:
From late 1811 through early 1812, Gafforini was engaged by the
131:
Gafforini was born in Milan in 1777, the daughter of Margherita
763:. Retrieved 3 May 2020 (subscription required for full access).
232:. It was given a gala performance at La Scala to celebrate the
51:
876:
698:
742:, Vol. 51. Treccani. Online version retrieved 3 May 2020
824:, Vol. 41, No. 1-2, pp. 215-221. Retrieved 4 May 2020
186:
Gafforini made the first of her many appearances at
258:(Seeing her or hearing her, your peril is the same,
599:Some late 19th biographical dictionaries such as
514:In 1815 Gafforini sang once again at La Scala in
260:Her voice conquers you and her eyes ravish you.)
977:
501:, for whom Rossini wrote the role of Figaro in
181:
812:
810:
473:in Naples. She appeared there in Orlandi's
222:. In April she also sang in the premiere of
933:, pp. 130–131. W. W. Norton & Company.
453:
641:
639:
255:Ti vince il canto, e ti rapisce il ciglio.
29:
807:
668:
666:
664:
662:
660:
1011:Women singers from the Holy Roman Empire
786:
457:
288:
636:
577:Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
253:La vedi o l'odi eguale è'l tuo periglio
978:
861:
728:
726:
724:
722:
694:
692:
657:
894:
842:
840:
838:
836:
834:
336:and in the summer in the premiere of
921:
870:
798:Neues Universal-Lexikon der Tonkunst
766:
749:
739:Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani
706:I palchettisti della Scala 1778-1920
601:Neues Universal-Lexikon der Tonkunst
583:Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani
719:
689:
13:
831:
708:. Ufficio Ricerca Fondi Musicali,
651:, p. 365. Bortolotti di G. Prato
14:
1022:
955:Alla Signora Elisabetta Gafforini
947:
867:Quoted in Bergquist (2016) p. 219
818:"A Piece of Musical Napoleoniana"
800:, Vol. 2, p. 85. Robert Schaefer
678:, pp. 19, 25–26. Tesi di Laurea,
552:in Milan. The inscription reads:
530:as General Montalbano (1817) and
900:Neves, Orlando Loureiro (2012).
680:Ca' Foscari University of Venice
996:Italian operatic mezzo-sopranos
615:
606:
816:Bergquist, Stephen A. (2016).
710:Biblioteca Nazionale Braidense
593:
568:
126:
1:
906:Dicionario do nome das coisas
629:
398:roles previously assigned to
121:
7:
846:Casaglia, Gherardo (2005).
645:Forcella, Vincenzo (1889).
526:in the premieres of Mayr's
204:Fedeltà ed amore alla prova
182:Stardom in Milan and Lisbon
10:
1027:
792:Bernsdorf, Eduard (1857).
772:Regli, Francesco (1860).
672:Saviane, Alberto (2012).
543:Ospedale Fatebenefratelli
442:) in Gaetano Andreozzi's
299:La fortunata combinazione
90:
78:
59:
37:
28:
21:
885:Museu Nacional da Música
755:Cummings, David (2001).
732:Bonifaci, Lucia (1998).
561:
520:Archduke John of Austria
454:Marriage and later years
887:. Retrieved 4 May 2020
854:. Retrieved 3 May 2020
826:(subscription required)
794:"Gafforini, Elisabetta"
774:"Gafforini, Elisabetta"
757:"Gafforini, Elisabetta"
734:"Gafforini, Elisabetta"
712:. Retrieved 4 May 2020
702:"Gafforini, Elisabetta"
682:. Retrieved 4 May 2020
168:La principessa filosofa
927:Rose, Michael (2013).
881:"Elisabetta Gafforini"
848:"Elisabetta Gafforini"
559:
466:
414:and King Abradate in
334:La capricciosa pentita
307:La capricciosa pentita
294:
287:
263:
220:Il Podestà di Chioggia
214:, and the premiere of
1006:Duchy of Milan people
554:
504:The Barber of Seville
462:Gafforini's husband,
461:
438:and Giovanni Talbot (
366:The Fashionable Prigs
315:Theatro de São Carlos
292:
270:
250:
246:Il sedicente filosofo
242:Il sedicente filosofo
230:Il Trionfo della pace
487:Chiesa di San Fedele
479:Oro non compra amore
464:Antonio Gasparinetti
402:. She was Annibale (
377:Antonio Gasparinetti
375:her future husband,
362:I saccenti alla moda
172:Teatro San Benedetto
103:Elisabetta Gafforini
95:Antonio Gasparinetti
23:Elisabetta Gafforini
16:Italian opera singer
780:, p. 217. Dalmazzo
538:as Tanizio (1818).
483:Il salto di Leucade
234:Treaty of Lunéville
224:Francesco Pollini's
158:Gaetano Andreozzi's
142:Il Cinese in Italia
1001:Singers from Milan
761:Grove Music Online
580:gives c.1772. The
516:Il mistico omaggio
467:
436:La morte di Cesare
408:Giuseppe Farinelli
295:
154:Teatro San Samuele
852:Almanacco Amadeus
536:L'orfana egiziana
509:Geltrude Righetti
432:Francesco Bianchi
420:Abradate e Dircea
412:Annibale in Capua
212:Le Donne cambiate
150:La secchia rapita
138:Francesco Bianchi
100:
99:
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532:Francesco Basili
471:Teatro San Carlo
384:Teatro Carignano
360:
352:Benedetto Neri's
346:
323:Aquilino Ribeiro
319:La donna soldato
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146:Teatro San Moisè
70:10 November 1847
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889:(in Portuguese)
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588:Francesco Regli
573:
569:
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495:La dama soldato
475:La dama soldato
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444:Giovanna d'Arco
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278:Ser Marcantonio
274:La Dama soldato
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948:External links
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481:, and Mosca's
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392:, singing two
371:dramma giocoso
338:Franz Dussek's
327:Eça de Queirós
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238:Giuseppe Mosca
196:Che Originali!
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477:, Portugal's
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586:gives 1775.
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148:, 1793) and
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102:
101:
73:Milan, Italy
991:1847 deaths
986:1777 births
590:gives 1770.
557:Lanfranchi.
546: [
524:en travesti
440:John Talbot
424:opera buffa
395:en travesti
389:opera seria
355: [
341: [
311:opera buffa
161: [
127:Early years
980:Categories
939:0393089657
914:9895556489
902:"Gaforina"
630:References
446:, both at
303:Fioravanti
79:Occupation
66:1847-11-10
450:in 1797.
448:La Fenice
200:Gazzaniga
122:Biography
107:contralto
84:contralto
879:(2016).
416:Nicolini
404:Hannibal
400:castrati
266:Stendhal
208:Portugal
188:La Scala
116:Stendhal
528:Lanassa
491:Vicenza
280:and in
227:cantata
216:Orlandi
54:, Italy
43: (
937:
912:
622:posa."
206:, and
91:Spouse
562:Notes
550:]
430:) in
406:) in
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359:]
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276:, in
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52:Milan
935:ISBN
910:ISBN
877:s.n.
699:s.n.
325:and
301:and
240:'s
192:Mayr
109:and
60:Died
45:1777
41:1777
38:Born
534:'s
493:in
434:'s
418:'s
410:'s
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