261:
160:
914:
34:
319:
3398:
3408:
19:
1066:
1077:
water-heating satisfy 4% of the country's total energy demand. Israel and Cyprus are the per-capita leaders in the use of solar hot water systems with over 90% of homes using them. The
Ministry of National Infrastructures estimates solar water heating saves Israel 2 million barrels (320,000 m) of oil a year.
292:
in 2010 off the coast of Israel were important. The natural gas reserves in these two fields (Leviathan has around 19 trillion cubic feet) could make Israel more energy secure. In 2013 Israel began commercial production of natural gas from the Tamar field and in 2019 from
Leviathan. As of 2017, even
189:
and Zuk Tamrur in 1957. The combined Heletz-Brur-Kokhav field produced a total of 17.2 million barrels, a negligible amount compared with national consumption. Since the early 1950s, 480 oil and gas wells, land and offshore were drilled in Israel, most of which did not result in commercial success.
1003:
In 2023, citing lack of land for ground solar PV parks, Israel mandated that all newly constructed commercial buildings install rooftop photovoltaic solar panels. In
September 2023, Israel added more than 2 GW to the national energy grid to connect renewable energy projects, specifically solar, to
1076:
Israel is one of the world leaders in the use of solar thermal energy per capita. Since the early 1990s, all new residential buildings have been required by the government to install solar water-heating systems, and Israel's
National Infrastructure Ministry estimates that solar panels for
277:. Egypt is the second-largest natural gas producer in North Africa. In 2005 Egypt signed a 2.5 billion-dollar deal to supply Israel with 57 billion cubic feet of gas per year for fifteen years. Under this arrangement, Egypt supplies 40 percent of Israel's natural gas demand. The
268:
Since Israelโs creation in 1948, it has been dependent on energy imports from other countries. Specifically, Israel produced 7 billion cubic meters of natural gas in 2013, and imported 720 million cubic meters in 2011. Historically, Israel has imported natural gas through the
281:(IEC) controls more than 95% of the electricity sector in Israel, and controls production, distribution, and transmission of electricity. The IEC has a natural gas distribution law which regulates the distribution of natural gas in Israel to empower market competition.
118:
has historically relied almost entirely on petroleum derived fuels, as both private motorcars and public transit buses used to overwhelmingly rely on gasoline or diesel - and still do, despite efforts to change this. However, Israel is undertaking a
260:
965:
In 2022, 11.8% of Israel's energy mix came from renewable energy sources, totaling 4,765 MW in renewable energy production capacity. The vast majority of Israel's renewable sources come from solar power, including from the
68:
Electricity consumption in Israel was 57,149 GWh in 2017, while production was 64,675 GWh, with net exports of 4.94 TWh. The installed generating capacity was about 16.25 GW in 2014, almost all from
2622:
2526:
201:
In 1951, the Arab states accused
American oil interests in Saudi Arabia of selling oil to Central American governments who circumvented the Arab blockade against Israel by selling the oil back to the refinery in
1306:
2596:"The Samuel Neaman Institute for Advanced Studies in Science and Technology โ Publications โ Solar energy for the production of heat Summary and recommendations of the 4th assembly of the energy forum at SNI"
3363:
3373:
1659:
1629:
1464:
981:
Officials from the
Israeli Government and The Electricity Authority have given the goal to reach 30% of the country's energy from renewable sources by 2030. Despite this goal, a May 2023
1000:. The new wind farm is 207MW, will provide 70,000 households with clean energy, has a 27 kilometer HV 161 kV underground cable, and will save about 180,000 tons of annual CO2 emissions.
1434:
1240:
2595:
2653:
53:
demand is significantly higher than its total primary energy production, relying heavily on imports to meet its energy needs. Total primary energy consumption was 304
3368:
2630:
605:
185:
area in the southern coastal plain. The first discovery, Heletz-I, was completed in 1955, followed by the discovery and development of a few small wells in Kokhav, Brur,
3327:
2523:
770:
1891:
1855:
1781:
1332:
1302:
600:
1220:
3337:
2416:
2502:
1395:
733:
2820:
2365:
680:
632:
519:
1997:
1934:
1598:
3322:
1490:
1354:
1280:
1763:
1651:
2391:
1698:
2552:
1143:
1621:
1967:
1456:
95:
In 2020, the government committed that by 2030, renewables should reach 30%. This target was further revised in 2021, when Israel pledged at the
2687:
988:
In June 2023, Israel's largest renewable energy project, Enlight
Renewable Energy's Genesis Wind, began operations near the Israeli villages of
1426:
1236:
2165:
2139:
1546:
224:
96:
2599:
2915:
1800:
301:
2443:
2346:
1826:
120:
2575:
2730:
2091:
1176:
2660:
2244:
198:
until the
Egyptian Separation Treaty in 1975, Israel produced large quantities of petroleum from the Abu Rodes oil field in Sinai.
1720:
1572:
1110:
2058:
2028:
3312:
175:
1898:
1862:
1328:
3037:
1217:
140:
1139:
334:(IEC), which is owned by the government, produces most electricity in Israel, with a production capacity of 11,900
3287:
1262:
2217:
985:
report warned Israel was falling behind on its emissions reduction objectives, largely due to natural gas extraction.
148:
2494:
2192:
1387:
3332:
2747:
1086:
1520:
1197:
1989:
1924:
1594:
1037:
959:
1200:
2723:
1486:
1216:
Surkes, S. (2020) Cabinet greenlights target of 30% renewable energy by 2030, Times of Israel 25 October 2020,
170:
Throughout Israel's history, securing the energy supply had been a major concern of
Israeli policymakers. The
1030:
1364:
1276:
1043:
said his country should consider producing nuclear power for civilian purposes. However, as a result of the
2992:
2907:
313:
278:
1416:
Shamir, Ronen (2013). Current Flow: The
Electrification of Palestine. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
3122:
3000:
2935:
1887:
1851:
1693:
331:
171:
2549:
1132:
2950:
2861:
2469:
1051:
said on 17 March 2011, "I don't think we're going to pursue civil nuclear energy in the coming years."
1044:
882:
812:
132:
2295:
932:(27 MW), biogas (25 MW), hydroelectric power (7 MW) and other bio energy (3 MW). Of the solar energy,
92:
In 2018, 70% of electricity came from natural gas, and 4% from renewables, of which 95% was solar PV.
3432:
3232:
2812:
2779:
2756:
2716:
2684:
1957:
255:
70:
293:
by conservative estimates, Leviathan holds enough gas to meet Israel's domestic needs for 40 years.
3054:
3030:
2945:
1013:
937:
232:
108:
1542:
2897:
2769:
418:
124:
62:
3282:
3247:
3202:
993:
330:. In 2015, energy consumption in Israel was 52.86 TWh, or 6,562 kWh per capita. The
3172:
3167:
3062:
2966:
2838:
2792:
1060:
989:
975:
941:
908:
498:
346:
Most electricity in Israel comes from hydrocarbon fuels from the following IEC power plants:
249:
220:
has only reached commercial scale in Israel in the 21st century but has since grown rapidly.
209:
2971:
2572:
2524:
Israel Prime Minister Netanyahu: Japan situation has "caused me to reconsider" nuclear power
2081:
159:
3292:
3267:
3182:
3162:
3112:
3082:
3072:
2787:
2498:
1622:"Naftali Bennett at COP26: Israeli start-ups should focus their energies on climate change"
1168:
1040:
450:
136:
2270:
913:
8:
3378:
3352:
3257:
3252:
3132:
3023:
2940:
2802:
2797:
861:
840:
289:
144:
115:
86:
1717:
1568:
1218:
https://www.timesofisrael.com/cabinet-greenlights-target-of-30-renewable-energy-by-2030/
1106:
3272:
3227:
3207:
3197:
3097:
2086:
2050:
2020:
1929:
1048:
738:
300:
started production in 2022 after Israel reached an agreement with Lebanon that ended a
82:
78:
33:
3407:
3297:
3212:
3192:
3077:
3067:
815:
and, although connected to the IECโs distribution grid, are not operated by the IEC:
270:
228:
104:
2018:
3342:
3277:
3242:
3177:
3157:
3107:
3092:
3087:
2113:
2084:[Electricity Authority Will Not Increase Hydroelectric Power Plant Quota].
1502:
955:
921:
297:
213:
74:
216:
resource used in Israel since the 1950s, at first mostly for solar water heaters.
3383:
3302:
3262:
3237:
3217:
3152:
3127:
3117:
3102:
2691:
2579:
2556:
2530:
1724:
1702:
1224:
1204:
1026:
947:
In the same year, 4.7% of Israel's total electricity consumption came from solar
285:
128:
2321:
318:
3222:
3187:
3142:
3137:
3046:
2654:"Solar Water Heating (How California Can Reduce Its Dependence on Natural Gas)"
1767:
474:
100:
50:
26:
1652:"Bennett tells COP26 Israeli innovation can make 'real difference' on climate"
1427:"Israel's Energy Security: Regional Implications - Middle East Policy Council"
3426:
3401:
2996:
1752:
Ben-Shalom, Jeremy. "Israel: National Report for CDS" - 14/15 Thematic Areas.
1019:
997:
933:
381:
217:
191:
54:
151:(i.e. an end to future sales of new fossil fuel powered vehicles) for 2030.
2879:
2830:
2533:
1516:
948:
925:
866:
327:
3411:
2651:
2271:"Israel misses the mark on environmental goals, damning OECD report says"
2245:"Israel Adding Energy Storage to Support Grid Integration for Renewables"
1023:
967:
794:
775:
463:
408:
402:
195:
58:
46:
2114:"First time ever: Israel passes 10% mark in connecting renewable energy"
2843:
2764:
971:
929:
371:
190:
In 1958โ1961, several small gas fields were discovered in the southern
2889:
2871:
2853:
2560:
2444:"Israel To Add 2,000 Megawatts To National Grid For Renewable Energy"
2417:"Israel to Cover All New Non-Residential Buildings with Solar Panels"
2392:"Israel to cover all new non-residential buildings with solar panels"
2140:"Shikun & Binui wins PPP tender for Israel's largest solar field"
1962:
1070:
164:
18:
1355:"Israel aims for zero new gasoline, diesel-powered vehicles by 2030"
77:
accounted for a minor share of electricity production, with a small
2708:
2695:
2659:. Environment California Research and Policy Center. Archived from
2582:
2166:"Largest photovoltaic power plant in Israel to commence operations"
845:
590:
503:
423:
335:
81:
installed capacity. However, there are a total of over 1.3 million
1388:"The energy island: Israel deals with its natural gas discoveries"
1237:"Transport in Israel: The progress of electric buses and vehicles"
3015:
1785:
1764:"Israel Begins Gas Production at Tamar Field in Boost to Economy"
1359:
685:
338:
in 2016. In 2016, IEC's share of the electricity market was 71%.
23:
1958:"Private Power Stations Now Produce 29% of Israel's Electricity"
227:
to phasing out coal for energy generation by 2025, and reaching
181:
Petroleum exploration began in 1947 on a surface feature in the
2296:"Israel not on track to meet its climate ambitions, OECD warns"
455:
376:
223:
In 2021, Prime Minister Naftali Bennet committed Israel at the
186:
182:
178:, is the main electricity generator and distributor in Israel.
2366:"Lacking land, Israel to cover its rooftops with solar panels"
1065:
2699:
1782:"Israel gets first gas from Leviathan with exports to follow"
1680:
Blanche, Ed. "Israeli Gas Finds Could Prove A Game Changer."
951:. Production capacity of some 0.56 GW was installed in 2019.
924:
production capacity stood at 1,500 MW, almost all of it from
637:
565:
524:
274:
203:
2694:, edited by Gershon Grossman, Faculty of Mechanical Energy,
2347:"Israel's biggest renewable energy project begins operation"
1739:
Antreasyan, Anaรฏs. "Gas Finds in the Eastern Mediterranean"
1543:"Israel\'s Special Relationship with the Solar Water Heater"
264:
Drilling for natural gas in the Mediterranean, Noa gas field
1886:
1850:
1329:"Israel Will Ban Gasoline & Diesel Vehicles After 2030"
982:
386:
2645:
2019:
Potential according to installed capacity at end of year.
2685:
Israeli Section of the International Solar Energy Society
2537:
1801:"Israel's Leviathan Energy Prize: Where Will The Gas Go?"
1827:"Energean starts gas production at Israel's Karish site"
2082:"ืจืฉืืช ืืืฉืื ืื ืชืืืื ืืืกืช ืืืฉืื ืืชืื ืืช ืืืืจื-ืืืงืืจืืืช"
978:, the 330 MW Dimona, and 250 MW Ta'anakh solar parks.
2073:
1761:
1762:
Solomon, Shoshanna; Ackerman, Gwen (30 March 2013).
1705:. Washington, DC: Central Intelligence Agency, 2013.
1517:"Solar Energy in Israel - FAQ - Solar Water Heaters"
2218:"As power shortage looms for Israel, solutions lag"
1727:
U.S. Energy Information Administration, March 2014.
2652:Del Chiaro, Bernadette; Telleen-Lawton, Timothy.
1916:
3424:
1263:"Israel to host Smart Mobility Summit next week"
225:United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26)
97:United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26)
2573:Netanyahu: We'll reconsider nuclear power plans
2585:, published 2011-03-18, accessed 17 March 2011
2563:, published 2011-03-18, accessed 17 March 2011
2550:Israeli PM cancels plan to build nuclear plant
2540:, published 2011-03-17, accessed 17 March 2011
1922:
1125:
1109:. EIA - US Energy Information Administration.
3031:
2724:
2470:"Israel to add 2GW of renewables to its grid"
1925:"Electricity reserves dwindling precariously"
326:Israel's electricity sector relies mainly on
174:, which traces its history to 1923, with the
147:. In 2018 Israel set the target date for the
2916:Kokhav Hayarden Pumped Storage Power Station
2389:
1955:
103:for energy generation by 2025, and reaching
2363:
2079:
928:, at 1,438 MW. Additional sources included
3038:
3024:
2731:
2717:
1982:
1949:
1880:
1844:
2193:"Israel's largest solar project launched"
1743:, Vol. 42, No. 3 (Spring 2013), pp. 29โ47
1713:
1711:
2678:
1619:
1595:"Integration of solar PV in Israel 2020"
1064:
962:plants, for a total capacity of 800 MW.
912:
317:
259:
158:
32:
17:
2620:
2487:
2441:
2242:
1674:
1457:"Petroleum and Natural Gas Prospecting"
322:Israel electricity production by source
176:First Jordan Hydro-Electric Power House
3425:
2495:"Israel Should Develop Nuclear Energy"
2268:
2190:
1824:
1708:
1569:"About Arava Power | Arava Power"
1054:
3019:
2712:
2505:from the original on 19 November 2018
2390:Papadopoulos, Loukia (20 June 2023).
1937:from the original on 11 December 2019
1735:
1733:
1601:from the original on 23 November 2021
1549:from the original on 23 November 2021
1487:"Corpus Christi Times, August 4 1951"
1398:from the original on 22 February 2015
1335:from the original on 24 November 2021
1309:from the original on 24 November 2021
1283:from the original on 24 November 2021
1243:from the original on 24 November 2021
1175:. CIA - Central Intelligence Agency.
1149:from the original on 16 December 2019
811:The following power plants belong to
2738:
2467:
2442:Chandak, Pooja (11 September 2023).
2094:from the original on 28 January 2021
2061:from the original on 22 January 2021
2031:from the original on 22 January 2021
1990:"Renewable Capacity Statistics 2020"
1662:from the original on 7 November 2021
1632:from the original on 7 November 2021
1523:from the original on 25 October 2021
1467:from the original on 13 January 2018
1161:
940:contributed another 248 MW from the
341:
37:Energy consumption by source, Israel
1620:Liphshiz, Cnaan (2 November 2021).
1140:Israel Central Bureau of Statistics
1022:as of 2013, although it operates a
902:
85:installed as a result of mandatory
13:
3045:
2614:
1970:from the original on 31 March 2019
1825:Scheer, Steven (26 October 2022).
1730:
1575:from the original on 18 April 2021
1437:from the original on 28 March 2017
1113:from the original on 21 March 2015
1099:
163:Pinhas Rutenberg's power station,
14:
3444:
2468:Yuen, Simon (11 September 2023).
2364:Rabinovitch, Ari (20 June 2023).
2000:from the original on 6 April 2020
1798:
1718:"Israel - Country Analysis Note."
1385:
1277:"Israel Railways electrification"
1007:
780:Gas (industrial), combined cycle
743:Gas (industrial), combined cycle
238:
149:phase-out of fossil fuel vehicles
135:in 2018) and the construction of
3406:
3397:
3396:
2191:Largue, Pamela (21 April 2023).
1493:from the original on 1 July 2018
1179:from the original on 3 June 2021
1142:. 6 January 2019. pp. 8โ9.
1087:List of power stations in Israel
2985:
2623:"At the Zenith of Solar Energy"
2621:Sandler, Neal (26 March 2008).
2588:
2566:
2543:
2517:
2461:
2435:
2409:
2383:
2357:
2339:
2314:
2288:
2262:
2243:Proctor, Darrell (3 May 2023).
2236:
2210:
2197:Power Engineering International
2184:
2158:
2132:
2106:
2080:Yefet, Nati (24 January 2017).
2043:
2012:
1956:Gutman, Lior (20 August 2016).
1923:Barkat, Amiram (18 July 2012).
1818:
1792:
1774:
1755:
1746:
1687:
1644:
1613:
1587:
1561:
1535:
1509:
1479:
1449:
1419:
1410:
1379:
1347:
1321:
1038:Israeli Infrastructure Minister
960:pumped-storage hydroelectricity
3364:British Indian Ocean Territory
2300:The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com
2170:The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com
2118:The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com
1386:Sachs, Tim Boersma and Natan.
1295:
1269:
1255:
1229:
1210:
1191:
958:, Israel is building multiple
936:accounted for 1,190 MW, while
307:
243:
139:(opened 2011), public transit
73:, mostly coal and gas fueled.
1:
2269:Curiel, Ilana (31 May 2023).
1892:"Key World Energy Statistics"
1856:"Key World Energy Statistics"
1092:
1031:Negev Nuclear Research Center
2908:Pumped-storage hydroelectric
1897:. p. 53. Archived from
1861:. p. 52. Archived from
1741:Journal of Palestine Studies
314:Electricity sector in Israel
279:Israeli Electric Corporation
131:network (beginning with the
7:
3001:Status of the Golan Heights
2936:Israel Electric Corporation
2929:Companies and organizations
1888:International Energy Agency
1852:International Energy Agency
1080:
813:independent power producers
332:Israel Electric Corporation
172:Israel Electric Corporation
61:) in 2016, or 26.2 million
10:
3449:
2993:Israeli-occupied territory
2951:Energix Renewable Energies
2396:interestingengineering.com
2322:"Genesis Spirit wind farm"
1695:The World Factbook 2013-14
1069:Roof-top solar boilers in
1058:
1045:Fukushima nuclear disaster
1011:
906:
850:Gas (jet), combined cycle
606:Alon Tavor Industrial Zone
311:
253:
247:
154:
133:Tel Aviv-Jerusalem railway
71:fossil fuel power stations
3392:
3351:
3311:
3053:
2980:
2972:Economy of Israel: Energy
2959:
2928:
2906:
2888:
2870:
2852:
2829:
2811:
2778:
2755:
2746:
2529:30 September 2019 at the
1626:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
636:
631:
604:
599:
570:Gas (jet and industrial)
523:
518:
454:
449:
422:
417:
3113:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
2946:Enlight Renewable Energy
2690:14 December 2005 at the
1701:23 December 2018 at the
1198:PVPS annual report, 2018
1020:nuclear power generation
1014:Nuclear energy in Israel
938:concentrated solar power
233:greenhouse gas emissions
109:greenhouse gas emissions
3374:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
302:maritime border dispute
284:The discoveries of the
271:Arish-Ashkelon pipeline
63:tonne of oil equivalent
2627:Bloomberg Businessweek
2051:"ืื"ืืืช ืืฆื ืืฉืง ืืืฉืื"
2021:"ืื"ืืืช ืืฆื ืืฉืง ืืืฉืื"
1138:(Report) (in Hebrew).
1073:
917:
323:
265:
256:Israeli Citizens' Fund
167:
49:. The country's total
38:
30:
2967:Solar power in Israel
2578:14 April 2019 at the
2326:Global Energy Monitor
1723:21 March 2015 at the
1068:
1061:Solar power in Israel
976:Ashalim Power Station
942:Ashalim Power Station
920:As of 2019, Israel's
916:
909:Solar power in Israel
321:
263:
250:Natural gas in Israel
210:Solar power in Israel
162:
116:transportation sector
36:
21:
3288:United Arab Emirates
2666:on 27 September 2007
2499:Agence France-Presse
1433:. 7 September 2011.
1331:. 11 November 2018.
1133:Energy Balance, 2017
1041:Binyamin Ben-Eliezer
746:Natural gas, Diesel
137:Jerusalem light rail
3315:limited recognition
2941:Arava Power Company
2555:25 May 2017 at the
2501:. 23 January 2007.
1788:. 31 December 2019.
1658:. 1 November 2021.
1597:. 20 October 2020.
1367:on 24 November 2021
1223:31 May 2021 at the
1203:16 May 2019 at the
1055:Solar water heating
290:Leviathan gas field
145:Tel Aviv light rail
123:which includes the
121:mobility transition
87:solar water heating
83:solar water heaters
2224:. 5 September 2023
2120:. 13 February 2023
1684:416 (2010): 22-25.
1265:. 2 November 2021.
1074:
1049:Benjamin Netanyahu
918:
324:
266:
212:has been the main
168:
141:cablecars in Haifa
79:solar photovoltaic
39:
31:
3420:
3419:
3357:other territories
3013:
3012:
2924:
2923:
2602:on 22 August 2011
2172:. 15 October 2019
1996:. 31 March 2020.
1047:, Prime Minister
1036:In January 2007,
900:
899:
809:
808:
722:Gas (industrial)
642:Gas (industrial)
610:Gas (industrial)
342:Hydrocarbon fuels
304:between the two.
296:In addition, the
3440:
3433:Energy in Israel
3410:
3400:
3399:
3369:Christmas Island
3055:Sovereign states
3040:
3033:
3026:
3017:
3016:
3004:
2989:
2753:
2752:
2740:Energy in Israel
2733:
2726:
2719:
2710:
2709:
2703:
2682:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2671:
2665:
2658:
2649:
2643:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2633:on 2 August 2014
2629:. Archived from
2618:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2607:
2598:. Archived from
2592:
2586:
2570:
2564:
2547:
2541:
2521:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2510:
2491:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2480:
2465:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2454:
2439:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2428:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2387:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2376:
2361:
2355:
2354:
2343:
2337:
2336:
2334:
2332:
2318:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2307:
2292:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2281:
2266:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2240:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2214:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2188:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2162:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2136:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2110:
2104:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2077:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2047:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2016:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2005:
1986:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1953:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1942:
1920:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1903:
1896:
1884:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1867:
1860:
1848:
1842:
1841:
1839:
1837:
1822:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1796:
1790:
1789:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1759:
1753:
1750:
1744:
1737:
1728:
1715:
1706:
1691:
1685:
1678:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1648:
1642:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1617:
1611:
1610:
1608:
1606:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1565:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1513:
1507:
1506:
1503:NewspaperARCHIVE
1500:
1498:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1423:
1417:
1414:
1408:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1383:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1363:. Archived from
1351:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1340:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1303:"Press Releases"
1299:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1273:
1267:
1266:
1259:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1233:
1227:
1214:
1208:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1184:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1148:
1137:
1129:
1123:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1103:
956:renewable energy
922:renewable energy
903:Renewable energy
818:
817:
349:
348:
298:Karish gas field
288:in 2009 and the
214:renewable energy
101:phasing out coal
75:Renewable energy
43:energy in Israel
3448:
3447:
3443:
3442:
3441:
3439:
3438:
3437:
3423:
3422:
3421:
3416:
3388:
3356:
3347:
3328:Northern Cyprus
3314:
3307:
3049:
3047:Energy in Asia
3044:
3014:
3009:
3008:
3007:
2991:Located in the
2990:
2986:
2976:
2955:
2920:
2902:
2884:
2866:
2854:Oil shale-fired
2848:
2825:
2807:
2774:
2742:
2737:
2707:
2706:
2692:Wayback Machine
2683:
2679:
2669:
2667:
2663:
2656:
2650:
2646:
2636:
2634:
2619:
2615:
2605:
2603:
2594:
2593:
2589:
2580:Wayback Machine
2571:
2567:
2557:Wayback Machine
2548:
2544:
2531:Wayback Machine
2522:
2518:
2508:
2506:
2493:
2492:
2488:
2478:
2476:
2466:
2462:
2452:
2450:
2440:
2436:
2426:
2424:
2421:Financial World
2415:
2414:
2410:
2400:
2398:
2388:
2384:
2374:
2372:
2362:
2358:
2353:. 12 June 2023.
2345:
2344:
2340:
2330:
2328:
2320:
2319:
2315:
2305:
2303:
2294:
2293:
2289:
2279:
2277:
2267:
2263:
2253:
2251:
2241:
2237:
2227:
2225:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2201:
2199:
2189:
2185:
2175:
2173:
2164:
2163:
2159:
2149:
2147:
2138:
2137:
2133:
2123:
2121:
2112:
2111:
2107:
2097:
2095:
2078:
2074:
2064:
2062:
2049:
2048:
2044:
2034:
2032:
2017:
2013:
2003:
2001:
1988:
1987:
1983:
1973:
1971:
1954:
1950:
1940:
1938:
1921:
1917:
1907:
1905:
1904:on 4 March 2016
1901:
1894:
1885:
1881:
1871:
1869:
1868:on 4 March 2016
1865:
1858:
1849:
1845:
1835:
1833:
1823:
1819:
1809:
1807:
1797:
1793:
1780:
1779:
1775:
1760:
1756:
1751:
1747:
1738:
1731:
1725:Wayback Machine
1716:
1709:
1703:Wayback Machine
1692:
1688:
1679:
1675:
1665:
1663:
1650:
1649:
1645:
1635:
1633:
1618:
1614:
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1602:
1593:
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1588:
1578:
1576:
1567:
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1562:
1552:
1550:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1526:
1524:
1515:
1514:
1510:
1496:
1494:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1470:
1468:
1455:
1454:
1450:
1440:
1438:
1425:
1424:
1420:
1415:
1411:
1401:
1399:
1384:
1380:
1370:
1368:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1338:
1336:
1327:
1326:
1322:
1312:
1310:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1286:
1284:
1275:
1274:
1270:
1261:
1260:
1256:
1246:
1244:
1239:. 28 May 2020.
1235:
1234:
1230:
1225:Wayback Machine
1215:
1211:
1205:Wayback Machine
1196:
1192:
1182:
1180:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1116:
1114:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1095:
1083:
1063:
1057:
1027:nuclear reactor
1016:
1010:
954:In addition to
911:
905:
890:Combined cycle
871:Combined cycle
834:
827:Type of turbine
739:Kiryat Mal'akhi
690:Combined cycle
653:Combined cycle
621:Combined cycle
365:
358:Type of turbine
344:
316:
310:
286:Tamar gas field
258:
252:
246:
241:
157:
129:Israel Railways
125:electrification
12:
11:
5:
3446:
3436:
3435:
3418:
3417:
3415:
3414:
3404:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3360:
3358:
3349:
3348:
3346:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3319:
3317:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3059:
3057:
3051:
3050:
3043:
3042:
3035:
3028:
3020:
3011:
3010:
3006:
3005:
2983:
2982:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2974:
2969:
2963:
2961:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2932:
2930:
2926:
2925:
2922:
2921:
2919:
2918:
2912:
2910:
2904:
2903:
2901:
2900:
2894:
2892:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2882:
2876:
2874:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2864:
2858:
2856:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2841:
2835:
2833:
2827:
2826:
2824:
2823:
2817:
2815:
2809:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2784:
2782:
2776:
2775:
2773:
2772:
2767:
2761:
2759:
2750:
2748:Power stations
2744:
2743:
2736:
2735:
2728:
2721:
2713:
2705:
2704:
2702:; Final draft.
2677:
2644:
2613:
2587:
2565:
2542:
2516:
2486:
2460:
2434:
2423:. 21 June 2023
2408:
2382:
2356:
2338:
2313:
2287:
2261:
2249:POWER Magazine
2235:
2209:
2183:
2157:
2146:. 12 June 2021
2131:
2105:
2072:
2042:
2011:
1981:
1948:
1915:
1879:
1843:
1817:
1799:Cohen, Ariel.
1791:
1773:
1754:
1745:
1729:
1707:
1686:
1673:
1643:
1612:
1586:
1560:
1534:
1508:
1478:
1448:
1418:
1409:
1378:
1346:
1320:
1294:
1268:
1254:
1228:
1209:
1190:
1173:World Factbook
1160:
1124:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1089:
1082:
1079:
1056:
1053:
1018:Israel has no
1012:Main article:
1009:
1008:Nuclear energy
1006:
904:
901:
898:
897:
894:
891:
888:
885:
879:
878:
875:
872:
869:
864:
858:
857:
854:
851:
848:
843:
837:
836:
831:
828:
825:
822:
807:
806:
803:
800:
797:
792:
788:
787:
784:
781:
778:
773:
767:
766:
763:
760:
757:
755:
751:
750:
747:
744:
741:
736:
730:
729:
726:
723:
720:
718:
714:
713:
710:
707:
704:
702:
698:
697:
694:
691:
688:
683:
677:
676:
673:
670:
667:
665:
661:
660:
657:
654:
650:
649:
646:
643:
640:
635:
629:
628:
625:
622:
618:
617:
614:
611:
608:
603:
597:
596:
593:
587:
584:
582:
578:
577:
574:
571:
568:
563:
559:
558:
555:
552:
548:
547:
544:
541:
537:
536:
533:
530:
527:
522:
516:
515:
512:
509:
506:
501:
495:
494:
491:
488:
484:
483:
480:
477:
475:combined cycle
470:
469:
466:
461:
458:
453:
447:
446:
443:
440:
436:
435:
432:
429:
426:
421:
415:
414:
411:
406:
400:
397:
393:
392:
389:
384:
379:
374:
368:
367:
362:
359:
356:
353:
343:
340:
312:Main article:
309:
306:
248:Main article:
245:
242:
240:
239:Primary energy
237:
156:
153:
51:primary energy
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3445:
3434:
3431:
3430:
3428:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3403:
3395:
3394:
3391:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3354:
3350:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3338:South Ossetia
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3320:
3318:
3316:
3310:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3060:
3058:
3056:
3052:
3048:
3041:
3036:
3034:
3029:
3027:
3022:
3021:
3018:
3002:
2998:
2997:Golan Heights
2994:
2988:
2984:
2979:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2958:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2933:
2931:
2927:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2911:
2909:
2905:
2899:
2898:Golan Heights
2896:
2895:
2893:
2891:
2887:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2873:
2869:
2863:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2855:
2851:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2832:
2828:
2822:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2814:
2810:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2777:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2734:
2729:
2727:
2722:
2720:
2715:
2714:
2711:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2686:
2681:
2662:
2655:
2648:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2617:
2601:
2597:
2591:
2584:
2581:
2577:
2574:
2569:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2551:
2546:
2539:
2535:
2532:
2528:
2525:
2520:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2490:
2475:
2471:
2464:
2449:
2445:
2438:
2422:
2418:
2412:
2397:
2393:
2386:
2371:
2367:
2360:
2352:
2348:
2342:
2327:
2323:
2317:
2302:. 31 May 2023
2301:
2297:
2291:
2276:
2272:
2265:
2250:
2246:
2239:
2223:
2219:
2213:
2198:
2194:
2187:
2171:
2167:
2161:
2145:
2141:
2135:
2119:
2115:
2109:
2093:
2090:(in Hebrew).
2089:
2088:
2083:
2076:
2060:
2057:(in Hebrew).
2056:
2052:
2046:
2030:
2027:(in Hebrew).
2026:
2022:
2015:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1985:
1969:
1966:(in Hebrew).
1965:
1964:
1959:
1952:
1936:
1932:
1931:
1926:
1919:
1900:
1893:
1889:
1883:
1864:
1857:
1853:
1847:
1832:
1828:
1821:
1806:
1802:
1795:
1787:
1783:
1777:
1769:
1765:
1758:
1749:
1742:
1736:
1734:
1726:
1722:
1719:
1714:
1712:
1704:
1700:
1697:
1696:
1690:
1683:
1677:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1647:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1616:
1600:
1596:
1590:
1574:
1570:
1564:
1548:
1544:
1538:
1522:
1518:
1512:
1504:
1492:
1488:
1482:
1466:
1462:
1461:Energy.gov.il
1458:
1452:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1422:
1413:
1397:
1393:
1392:Brookings.edu
1389:
1382:
1366:
1362:
1361:
1356:
1350:
1334:
1330:
1324:
1308:
1304:
1298:
1282:
1278:
1272:
1264:
1258:
1242:
1238:
1232:
1226:
1222:
1219:
1213:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1194:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1164:
1145:
1141:
1134:
1128:
1112:
1108:
1102:
1098:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1078:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1039:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1015:
1005:
1001:
999:
998:Golan Heights
995:
991:
986:
984:
979:
977:
973:
969:
963:
961:
957:
952:
950:
949:photovoltaics
945:
943:
939:
935:
934:photovoltaics
931:
927:
923:
915:
910:
895:
892:
889:
887:Mishor Rotem
886:
884:
881:
880:
876:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
859:
855:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
838:
833:Capacity (MW)
832:
829:
826:
823:
820:
819:
816:
814:
804:
801:
798:
796:
793:
790:
789:
785:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
768:
764:
761:
758:
756:
753:
752:
748:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
731:
727:
724:
721:
719:
716:
715:
711:
708:
705:
703:
700:
699:
695:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
678:
674:
671:
668:
666:
663:
662:
658:
655:
652:
651:
647:
644:
641:
639:
634:
630:
626:
623:
620:
619:
615:
612:
609:
607:
602:
598:
594:
592:
588:
585:
583:
580:
579:
575:
572:
569:
567:
564:
561:
560:
556:
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3353:Dependencies
3283:Turkmenistan
3248:Saudi Arabia
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2862:Mishor Rotem
2739:
2680:
2670:29 September
2668:. Retrieved
2661:the original
2647:
2635:. Retrieved
2631:the original
2626:
2616:
2604:. Retrieved
2600:the original
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2568:
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2534:Piers Morgan
2519:
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2489:
2479:18 September
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2473:
2463:
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2448:SolarQuarter
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1656:Israel HaYom
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1431:www.MEPC.org
1430:
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1365:the original
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1101:
1075:
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987:
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964:
953:
946:
926:solar energy
919:
893:Natural gas
874:Natural gas
867:Kfar Menahem
853:Natural gas
830:Type of fuel
810:
783:Natural gas
693:Natural gas
656:Natural gas
645:Natural gas
624:Natural gas
543:Natural gas
532:Natural gas
511:Natural gas
479:Natural gas
361:Type of fuel
345:
328:fossil fuels
325:
295:
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57:(1.037
47:fossil fuels
42:
40:
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3412:Asia portal
3313:States with
3233:Philippines
3173:South Korea
3168:North Korea
3063:Afghanistan
2999:; see also
2065:28 December
2035:28 December
1682:Middle East
1605:23 November
1579:23 November
1553:23 November
1527:23 November
1371:24 November
1339:24 November
1313:24 November
1287:24 November
1247:24 November
1024:heavy water
776:Ramat Hovav
771:Ramat Hovav
473:Gas (jet),
464:Natural gas
396:Orot Rabin
308:Electricity
244:Natural gas
196:Six-Day War
194:. From the
45:comes from
3293:Uzbekistan
3268:Tajikistan
3183:Kyrgyzstan
3163:Kazakhstan
3083:Bangladesh
3073:Azerbaijan
2890:Wind farms
2765:Orot Rabin
2757:Coal-fired
2606:30 January
1836:26 October
1666:7 November
1636:7 November
1471:6 December
1441:6 December
1402:6 December
1093:References
1059:See also:
1004:the grid.
972:Ketura Sun
930:wind power
907:See also:
799:Gas (jet)
759:Gas (jet)
706:Gas (jet)
669:Gas (jet)
601:Alon Tavor
586:Gas (jet)
551:Gas (jet)
487:Gas (jet)
439:Gas (jet)
372:Orot Rabin
254:See also:
3379:Hong Kong
3333:Palestine
3258:Sri Lanka
3253:Singapore
3133:Indonesia
2813:Oil-fired
2780:Gas-fired
2770:Rutenberg
2637:12 August
2561:Xinhuanet
1994:irena.org
1974:21 August
1963:Calcalist
1908:21 August
1872:21 August
1768:Bloomberg
1183:21 August
1153:6 January
1117:16 August
1071:Jerusalem
883:OPC Rotem
791:Ra'anana
754:Caesarea
419:Rutenberg
336:megawatts
235:by 2050.
165:Naharayim
111:by 2050.
3427:Category
3402:Category
3323:Abkhazia
3273:Thailand
3228:Pakistan
3208:Mongolia
3203:Maldives
3198:Malaysia
3098:Cambodia
2960:See also
2872:Sea wave
2696:Technion
2688:Archived
2583:Ynetnews
2576:Archived
2553:Archived
2527:Archived
2503:Archived
2275:Ynetnews
2092:Archived
2059:Archived
2029:Archived
1998:Archived
1968:Archived
1941:26 April
1935:Archived
1890:(2015).
1854:(2015).
1721:Archived
1699:Archived
1660:Archived
1630:Archived
1599:Archived
1573:Archived
1547:Archived
1521:Archived
1491:Archived
1465:Archived
1435:Archived
1396:Archived
1333:Archived
1307:Archived
1281:Archived
1241:Archived
1221:Archived
1201:Archived
1177:Archived
1169:"Israel"
1144:Archived
1111:Archived
1107:"Israel"
1081:See also
968:Tze'elim
846:Ashkelon
824:Location
795:Ra'anana
701:Kinarot
591:methanol
589:Diesel,
504:Tel Aviv
424:Ashkelon
355:Location
229:net zero
105:net zero
29:, Israel
3298:Vietnam
3213:Myanmar
3193:Lebanon
3123:Georgia
3078:Bahrain
3068:Armenia
2995:of the
2839:Ashalim
2793:Reading
2509:14 July
2474:PV Tech
2427:26 June
2401:26 June
2375:26 June
2370:Reuters
2098:10 July
2004:10 July
1831:Reuters
1786:Reuters
1360:Reuters
996:in the
994:Yonatan
802:Diesel
762:Diesel
725:Diesel
717:Atarot
709:Diesel
686:Elyakim
672:Diesel
664:Hartuv
613:Diesel
573:Diesel
554:Diesel
499:Reading
490:Diesel
442:Diesel
399:Hadera
155:History
127:of the
24:Kibbutz
3343:Taiwan
3278:Turkey
3243:Russia
3178:Kuwait
3158:Jordan
3148:Israel
3108:Cyprus
3093:Brunei
3088:Bhutan
2844:Ketura
2788:Eshkol
2351:Globes
2306:1 June
2280:1 June
2254:1 June
2228:1 June
2222:Globes
2202:1 June
2176:1 June
2150:1 June
2144:Globes
2124:1 June
2087:Globes
2055:GOV.IL
2025:GOV.IL
1930:Globes
1810:2 June
1805:Forbes
1497:1 July
1207:, p.72
990:Keshet
786:1,137
734:Tzafit
696:1,394
581:Eitan
562:Eilat
540:Steam
529:Steam
508:Steam
460:Steam
456:Ashdod
451:Eshkol
434:2,250
428:Steam
409:Diesel
405:(jet)
391:2,590
377:Hadera
187:Ashdod
183:Heletz
27:Elifaz
3384:Macau
3303:Yemen
3263:Syria
3238:Qatar
3218:Nepal
3153:Japan
3128:India
3118:Egypt
3103:China
2831:Solar
2821:Haifa
2803:Dalia
2798:Dorad
2700:Haifa
2664:(PDF)
2657:(PDF)
1902:(PDF)
1895:(PDF)
1866:(PDF)
1859:(PDF)
1147:(PDF)
1136:(PDF)
862:Dalya
841:Dorad
835:2017
681:Hagit
638:Ramla
633:Gezer
566:Eilat
525:Haifa
520:Haifa
431:Coal
382:Steam
366:2017
275:Egypt
273:from
204:Haifa
41:Most
3223:Oman
3188:Laos
3143:Iraq
3138:Iran
2672:2007
2639:2012
2608:2018
2511:2007
2481:2023
2455:2023
2429:2023
2403:2023
2377:2023
2333:2023
2308:2023
2282:2023
2256:2023
2230:2023
2204:2023
2178:2023
2152:2023
2126:2023
2100:2020
2067:2020
2037:2020
2006:2020
1976:2016
1943:2013
1910:2016
1874:2016
1838:2022
1812:2023
1668:2021
1638:2021
1607:2021
1581:2021
1555:2021
1529:2021
1499:2018
1473:2017
1443:2017
1404:2017
1373:2021
1341:2021
1315:2021
1289:2021
1249:2021
1185:2016
1155:2019
1119:2013
992:and
983:OECD
896:440
877:870
856:840
821:Name
765:130
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468:912
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