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264:, but recent letters of his have led historians to believe he was neither. Gorostieta's motivation for taking command of the rebels was not only the high salary he was offered (about 3000 pesos per month, or twice the salary of a regular Army General), or even his political ambition, but his passionate belief in defending
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His importance as a
Cristero leader was in bringing military discipline to an unorganized insurgency. He is credited with turning Cristero "armies" into a Cristero Army, which, for a time, was winning battles in the limited region where it operated: rural Jalisco, Michoacan, Colima and Zacatecas.
277:. Although openly contemptuous of his subordinates' religious faith (several of his officers were priests), Gorostieta respected the military acumen of the Jalisco farmers under his command, and believed he could turn them into a professional fighting force equal to the regular army.
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on Mexico. Philosophically, he favored a return to the Juarez-inspired 1857 Constitution and its view of non-interference and toleration for religion, rather than the Calles' administration's reading of the 1917 Constitution as demanding the
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operation (2 June 1929). With the movement rapidly collapsing, Gorostieta was attempting a retreat into
Michoacán, where he hoped to recruit followers and continue the rebellion. A Federal officer, who had infiltrated the Cristero's as a
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However, without support from the
Mexican church hierarchy or the Vatican and torn by internal dissension, the Cristeros were largely irrelevant as a political or military force as a negotiated settlement was worked out by Monsignor
268:. Gorostieta's 1928 "Plan de Los Altos" called for changes to the 1917 Constitution's Article 27 (which the Cristeros saw as restricting the rights of Catholics) and — more important to Gorostieta — install a regime based upon
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descent, Enrique
Gorostieta Velarde had a typically secular education. His early life is not well documented, but it is known that his father, an attorney and businessman, had personal ties with
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inside
Gorostieta's inner circle, tipped off the Mexican cavalry to the general's presence in Atotonilco, Jalisco, and killed him in a short firefight.
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in April–May 1912. During Huerta's short dictatorship of 1913-14, Gorostieta's father was
Secretary of the Treasury (Secretario de Hacienda).
230:. Upon his return to Mexico, he worked as a soap manufacturer, but found the work boring, and longed for a return to military activity.
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Mayer, Jean A. "The
Cristero Rebellion: The Mexican People between Church and State 1926-1929 (Cambridge University Press, 1976) p. 53
617:
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Grabman, Richard. Gods, Gachupines and
Gringos: A People's History of Mexico (Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Editorial Mazatlán, 2008) p. 342-43
183:, and that Enrique was encouraged by his mother to take up a military career, and he enrolled at the Heroic Military College of
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Bravo Ugarte, José. “Cómo se llegó al modus vivendi de 1929” en Temas históricos diversos. México, Jus, 1966, pp. 265-275.
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between the
Vatican and the Mexican state over interpretations of the Church's rights under the Constitution.
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Negrete, Marta Elena. Enrique
Gorostieta Cristero AgnĂłstico, MĂ©xico, DF.: Universidad Iberoamericano, 1981.
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Nineteen days before a cessation of hostilities, based on an agreement worked out by U.S. Ambassador
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Meyer, Jean A. La cristiada, Cambridge ; New York : Cambridge University Press, 1976.
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Grabman, Richard. Gorostieta and the Cristiada (Editorial Mazatlan, 2012) p 31.
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Gorostieta, Luz MarĂa PĂ©rez; GĂłmez, Juan Rodolfo Sánchez (2013-06-01).
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stepped down from the Presidency, Gorostieta — as a protege of
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418:"Cartas inĂ©ditas de Gorostieta, el lĂder cristero - Proceso"
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subordination of all religious organizations to the state
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Cartas Del General Enrique Gorostieta a Gertrudis Lasaga
540:. November 2000 Guadalajara-Lakeside Volume 18, Number 3
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Cartas del General Enrique Gorostieta a Gertrudis Lasaga
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in 1906. Upon graduation in May 1911, the same month
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Born in Monterrey into a prominent Mexican family of
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National League for the Defense of Religious Liberty
237:offered him command of the Cristeros, an army of
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424:(in Mexican Spanish). 2012-05-11. Archived from
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28: and the second or maternal family name is
567:The Anti-clerical Who Led a Catholic Rebellion
538:The Anti-Clerical Who Led a Catholic Rebellion
384:The Anti-Clerical Who Led a Catholic Rebellion
245:by the government forces of President and
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569:by Jim Tuck at Latin American Studies
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398:p. 147, Taylor & Francis, 2001
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247:Institutional Revolutionary Party
214:of counterrevolutionary dictator
618:People of the Mexican Revolution
598:Mexican people of Basque descent
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199:in September 1911 and against
195:— served on campaigns against
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549:Gorostieta, Luz MarĂa PĂ©rez.
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256:Gorostieta has been called a
326:Gorostieta was portrayed by
20:, the first or paternal
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623:Deaths by firearm in Mexico
523:IMDB, Accessed Oct. 8, 2010
452:(in Spanish). Libros UANL.
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153:Enrique Gorostieta Velarde
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502:Meyer, 80-81, et. passum
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241:rebels fighting against
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303:Pascual DĂaz y Barreto
593:People from Monterrey
311:military intelligence
251:Plutarco ElĂas Calles
243:religious persecution
394:Werner, Michael S.,
270:Classical Liberalism
301:and Mexican bishop
220:Juan Andreu Almazán
342:Eduardo Verástegui
322:In popular culture
208:Mexican Revolution
161:Atotonilco el Alto
130:Mexican Revolution
84:Atotonilco el Alto
39:Enrique Gorostieta
459:978-607-27-0092-5
330:in the 2012 film
266:religious freedom
216:Victoriano Huerta
210:he served in the
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165:Cristero War
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146:manufacturer
134:Cristero War
126:Battles/wars
79:(1929-06-02)
77:June 2, 1929
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18:Spanish name
588:1929 deaths
583:1889 births
556:1 June 2013
536:Tuck, Jim.
328:Andy Garcia
206:During the
185:Chapultepec
577:Categories
432:2018-07-15
352:References
98:Allegiance
64:Nuevo LeĂłn
26:Gorostieta
333:Cristiada
159:, 1889 –
157:Monterrey
60:Monterrey
297:between
239:Catholic
16:In this
422:Proceso
120:General
88:Jalisco
30:Velarde
22:surname
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382:Tuck,
177:Basque
110:Mexico
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92:Mexico
68:Mexico
289:Death
258:Mason
475:Tuck
454:ISBN
344:and
316:mole
224:Cuba
171:Life
144:Soap
116:Rank
74:Died
57:1889
54:Born
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