795:
1109:
937:
1252:, from the Ludlow-PĹĂdolĂ age in West Virginia. The prosoma is very long, with anterolateral compound eyes that are prominent, protuberant and elliptical. The chelicera is composed of a well preserved free ramus which retains a double tooth socket. Both terminal teeth are wide and short, although one is longer than the other. A fine ribbing ("striations") is visible in both teeth, but not in the others. These other teeth are generally small, curved and of irregular sizes. The metastoma is cordated anteriorly and narrowing to a rounded posterior.
3054:
1838:
140:
3507:
690:
3810:
3066:
1229:
1364:
114:
3032:
1220:(Latin for "serrated"), from the Lower Devonian age in Ohio. This species is based on a complete and well-preserved free ramus (FMNH 5104, in the Field Museum of Natural History). This species differs from the others by its thick chela and the aforementioned short and robust teeth. Three years later, Kjellesvig-Waering described
1196:(BMNH 43805, in the same museum as the holotype) includes most of the fixed ramus, that is very slender and tapering to the curved distal end. A large tooth is present in the midsection of the ramus. The end of the ramus is broken, but probably ended in a double tooth. This feature is also present in
1283:
is the fragment of the base of a telson that measures 20 mm (0.8 in) in length and 13 mm (0.5 in) in width that indicates that the complete telson measured 40 mm (1.6 in) of estimated length, 20 mm (0.8 in) of maximum width. This species differs from others in
1224:
from the
Silurian age in Pennsylvania was described. The holotype (FMNH 157, housed at the Field Museum of Natural History) consists of an unusually well preserved metastoma. The metastoma has been defined as roughly ellipsoidal, truncated posteriorly and not excessively cordate at the anterior
925:, the various similarities among the species were discovered, including the possession of a central tooth of the fixed ramus (the external branch of the appendage). In both species, the central tooth is serrated along the inner edge and is followed by irregularly sized teeth. However, those of
780:
deeply notched (V-shaped slit). The swimming legs were short. The body was elongate-oval in form and gradually attenuated into the abdomen. The compound eyes were broadly crescentic and convex, and as in the rest of the pterygotioids, they were located in the margin of the carapace.
1864:
and the interommatidial angle (shortened as IOA and referring to the angle between the optical axes of the adjacent lenses). The IOA is especially important as it can be used to distinguish different ecological roles in arthropods, being low in modern active arthropod predators.
862:. It is a very well known and very abundant species that since its original description has not received much attention, so it needs a redescription like other eurypterids to accommode a modern understanding of eurypterid systematics and evolution. The specific name
2224:
1853:, with well developed teeth on the claws, than to the chelicerae of other eurypterid groups. Another feature distinguishing the group from other eurypterid groups were their flattened and expanded telsons, likely used as rudders when swimming.
1319:
they were irregular in size and could be curved, straight or rhombic. However, it has been questioned whether chelicerae serve as a factor for the distinction between genera since their morphology is dependent on lifestyle and vary throughout
1017:(light-sensitive simple eyes) were slightly behind half the length of the carapace. The metastoma was broad, heart-shaped, narrow towards the back and truncated at the end. The rami end in a well-developed sharp and triangular point.
2499:
651:
had a bilobed (divided into two lobes) telson, which is its main characteristic. The forms of chelicerae are very diverse between species, but they are generally very long with small curved teeth without serrations.
1406:
and the telson. The chelicerae of the
Pterygotidae were enlargened and robust, clearly used to hunt. Their walking legs were small and slender, without spines, and they were likely not capable of walking on land.
751:
was expanded and bilobed (divided into two lobes). This form of telson is its main characteristic and differentiates it from the rest of the genera of the family
Pterygotidae. Historically it was thought that
1860:
of the pterygotid eurypterids separates them into distinct ecological groups. The primary method for determining visual acuity in arthropods is by determining the number of lenses in their
964:, an appendage used in the alimentation) found in a slab of Niagara limestone. This ectognath of 8.8 cm (3.5 in) in length has a narrow maxillary process with approximately 15
1267:
consists of the fixed ramus with acute termination of a large chelicera. This species is remarkable due to the group of diagonal opposing teeth of the ramus. This species differs from
1184:(honoring Alfred Marston, responsible for several collections of fishes and eurypterids) is based on incomplete specimens, which together represent an almost complete chelicera. The
2633:
1081:
are rare and have been found in the
Otisville fauna in the Shawangunk grit. The compound eyes are very large, occupying half the length of the carapace. This suggests that
1455:. The cladogram also contains the maximum sizes reached by the species in question, which have been suggested to possibly have been an evolutionary trait of the group per
593:
age), and have been referred to several different species. Fossils have been recovered from two continents; Europe and North
America. The genus name is composed by the
2360:
Dunlop, J. A., Penney, D. & Jekel, D. 2015. A summary list of fossil spiders and their relatives. In World Spider
Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern, online at
917:
emphasizes the large size that its fossils indicated (although the current estimated size is 25 cm (10 in)). When another species of
England from the Late
2174:
2052:
and thelodontids have also been found. Other fossils have also been found in different places, such as Great
Britain, Canada, Scandinavia and the United States.
2015:
1903:
suggest that it was a generalized feeder and not a highly specialized predator and that it used its chelicerae (frontal appendages) to grasp. The teeth on the
2850:
Gould, Gina C.; MacFadden, Bruce J. (2004-06-01). "Chapter 17: Gigantism, Dwarfism, and Cope's Rule: "Nothing in
Evolution Makes Sense without a Phylogeny"".
1284:
having narrow lateral lobes, in having coarse striations on the cordated area and in its carinated (keel-like) telson, which is what gives the specific name.
1212:
is remarkable by its shovel-or fan-shaped telson, which is wider than long and gives it the specific name. These telsons are rare, and have only been seen in
980:
because of the large size of the species) from the PĹĂdolĂ age of the United States described by Julius
Pohlman. This species was originally described as the
2711:
994:
from the Silurian), but it has been shown that the specimen represents the bilobed section of the telson (the most posterior segment of the body) of an
1244:
In 1966, another species would be included in the genus by Kjellesvig-Waering and Willard P. Leutze based on one chelicera, which is the holotype, two
2719:
1992:
3888:
1324:(the formation and individual development of an organism), although they could be acceptable for the differentiation between species. Therefore,
1085:
could reach larger sizes and that the specimens found represent juveniles in growth stage, and other specimens indicate the same. The Norwegian
708:, the largest species, measuring approximately 90 cm (35 in) in length. Though this is large relative to most modern day arthropods,
933:, which is the reason why it was assigned this specific name. All these characteristics indicate a close relationship between both species.
3011:
1849:
The chelicerae of the pterygotids were clearly adapted to be used for active prey capture and more similar to the claws of some modern
1263:
from the Early Wenlock age in Sweden were described by Kjellesvig-Waering. They were the only pterygotids in the area. The holotype of
3952:
3875:
2892:"All the better to see you with: eyes and claws reveal the evolution of divergent ecological roles in giant pterygotid eurypterids"
969:
2963:"Eurypterid-Associated Biota of the Patrick Burn Fm., Lesmahagow (Siltstones) (Silurian to of the United Kingdom) - Fossilworks"
998:. This incomplete telson indicates that the animal reached a size of 2.5 m (8 ft), but this is not entirely reliable.
3962:
3972:
3586:
3576:
3098:
2987:
2962:
2577:"The Canadian Naturalist and Quarterly Journal of Science with the Proceedings of the Natural History Society of Montreal"
2988:"Eurypterid-Associated Biota of the Kip Burn Fm., Lesmahagow, Scotland (Silurian to of the United Kingdom) - Fossilworks"
3538:
2691:
2317:
Tetlie, O. Erik; Briggs, Derek E. G. (2009-09-01). "The origin of pterygotid eurypterids (Chelicerata: Eurypterida)".
2194:
Kjellesvig-Waering, Erik N. (1964). "A Synopsis of the Family Pterygotidae Clarke and Ruedemann, 1912 (Eurypterida)".
3553:
1189:
1108:
1025:
by the same author, but due to telson and metastoma differences, it was elevated to the species range. The telson of
2674:
2515:
794:
2603:
3797:
3581:
3523:
2066:
1201:
2890:
McCoy, Victoria E.; Lamsdell, James C.; Poschmann, Markus; Anderson, Ross P.; Briggs, Derek E. G. (2015-08-01).
2736:
1414:
apart from the other pterygotids is the morphology of its bilobed telson, which is different from the telson of
3967:
3571:
3561:
3515:
2108:"Cope's rule and Romer's theory: patterns of diversity and gigantism in eurypterids and Palaeozoic vertebrates"
1237:
126:
2225:"An isolated pterygotid ramus (Chelicerata: Eurypterida) from the Devonian Beartooth Butte Formation, Wyoming"
3957:
3947:
3533:
3528:
3036:
1002:
1045:
In the 20th century, several species were described in Europe and the United States, extending the range of
736:(the most posterior segment of the body), therefore, it is not entirely confiable. The smallest species was
3566:
3543:
2863:
2581:
2299:
744:
could be remains of juvenile specimens, which would mean that the species could have reached larger sizes.
2646:
Kjellesvig-Waering, Erik N.; Leutze, Willard P. (1966). "Eurypterids from the Silurian of West Virginia".
1279:. In addition, the shape and grouping of the teeth are completely different between them. The holotype of
2683:
139:
732:
reached even larger sizes, 2.5 m (8 ft), but this size is indicated by an isolated incomplete
3044:
3199:
3091:
2823:
Plotnick, Roy E.; Baumiller, Tomasz K. (1988-01-01). "The pterygotid telson as a biological rudder".
2236:
2155:
2061:
1013:, Estonia. In this species, the carapace was semi-oval with large oval eyes in the margin, while the
889:) for species with a bilobed telson. The generic name is composed by the Ancient Greek words áźĎÎĎĎĎ (
772:
was very variable, but they were generally very long with small curved teeth without serrations. Its
965:
3942:
718:
681:, and probably used its enlarged chelicerae for grasping rather than a more specialized feeding.
1911:
were mostly short and suitable for holding prey, and could have effectively sliced up the prey.
768:
have revealed that the actual count appears to be four joints. The form of the chelicera within
3919:
3866:
3828:
3506:
3012:"Eurypterid-Associated Biota of the Rootsikula Horizon, Saaremaa, Estonia: Rootsikula, Estonia"
1941:
1402:
periods that differ from other groups by a number of features, perhaps most prominently in the
1205:
873:
based on the morphology of the telsons of the species that had been assigned to it. He divided
3893:
3914:
3906:
1440:
897:, wing), which is translated as "rower wing". At the same time, the first English species of
910:
3813:
3084:
2365:
1944:
8:
3058:
2576:
953:
906:
869:
The English geologist Salter recognized in 1859 that it was possible to divide the genus
839:
2262:
Kjellesvig-Waering, Erik N. (1961). "The Silurian Eurypterida of the Welsh Borderland".
776:(a large plate that is part of the abdomen) was very narrow and cordated (heart-shaped)
2916:
2891:
2867:
2836:
2797:
2770:
2655:
2570:
2527:
2500:"Pterygotids (Chelicerata; Eurypterida) from the Silurian Vernon Formation of New York"
2399:
2271:
2203:
2142:
1937:
957:
936:
523:
134:
3901:
3402:
3335:
3327:
3070:
2940:
2921:
2802:
2687:
2531:
2519:
2418:
2403:
2379:
2334:
2330:
2147:
2129:
1066:
847:
2871:
2107:
948:
Next, two species in North America would be described. One of them was the Canadian
909:. It is known for multiple poorly conserved specimens discovered in deposits of the
3742:
3456:
3448:
3438:
3430:
3410:
3381:
3297:
3246:
2911:
2903:
2859:
2832:
2792:
2784:
2728:
2572:
2511:
2391:
2326:
2137:
2121:
1953:
1936:
has been found in North America and in Europe. The Llandovery-aged deposits of the
1275:
was erroneously included) by its outwardly bowed rami, unlike the straight rami of
1070:
1062:
1029:
is very rounded, wide and without any serrations along the posterior part, unlike
3771:
3617:
3474:
3415:
3371:
3274:
3261:
2775:
2732:
2617:
2294:
2112:
1390:
is classified as part of the pterygotid family of eurypterids, a group of highly
2549:
1837:
1102:
3851:
3687:
3645:
3603:
3466:
3393:
3353:
3345:
3269:
2038:
2010:
1971:
1951:
were found, preserve fossils of a large amount of other eurypterids, including
1873:
1466:
1456:
586:
578:
207:
2420:
A collection of eurypterids from the Silurian of Lesmahagow collected pre 1900
2395:
3936:
3694:
3666:
3659:
3631:
3610:
3363:
3302:
3292:
3284:
3238:
3228:
3220:
3176:
3140:
2523:
2338:
2133:
2044:
1959:
1904:
1899:
or modern active predatory arthropods. Additionally, the large chelicerae of
1889:
1861:
1857:
1701:
851:
815:
811:
664:
656:
629:
594:
71:
3652:
3484:
3420:
3376:
3251:
2925:
2907:
2806:
2788:
2151:
2125:
2071:
1540:
1526:
1480:
1451:
1416:
1391:
1090:
986:
921:(Late Silurian) age was described in 1961 by Erik N. Kjellesvig-Waering as
918:
713:
612:
250:
220:
689:
639:
grew to gigantic proportions, it is estimated that the largest species of
3860:
3749:
3726:
3624:
3318:
3211:
3149:
3131:
2049:
1997:
1977:
1208:, whose collections of eurypterids have helped the scientific community.
1094:
991:
823:
537:
181:
46:
2676:
Lower Wenlock faunal and floral dynamics â Vattenfallet section, Gotland
3880:
3715:
3701:
3680:
3673:
3638:
3479:
3167:
3158:
3107:
2754:
Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part P Arthropoda 2, Chelicerata
2659:
2275:
2207:
2077:
2032:
2006:
1895:
1883:
1850:
1744:
1726:
1676:
1403:
1228:
961:
835:
757:
724:
635:
620:
590:
582:
570:
566:
194:
91:
56:
34:
30:
3065:
972:
denticle, which is broad and slightly notched in front. The other was
3792:
3776:
3766:
3125:
2240:
2001:
1988:
1965:
878:
773:
171:
151:
96:
40:
3822:
2604:
Die Crustaceenfauna der Eurypterenschichten von RootzikĂźll auf Oesel
1363:
615:, a family differentiated from other eurypterids by their flattened
3845:
3735:
3708:
2558:
Memoirs of the Geological Survey of the United Kingdom; Monograph 1
2019:
1983:
1877:
1505:
1445:
1399:
1395:
1321:
1193:
1185:
1010:
981:
777:
677:
86:
81:
66:
61:
51:
1439:(2007) is based on the nine best-known pterygotid species and two
712:
was small in comparison of many of the members of its family (the
2712:"Distribution and dispersal history of Eurypterida (Chelicerata)"
1245:
1204:) which consists of an uncrushed chela. Its specific name honors
827:
101:
76:
952:(referring to the country where it was discovered) described by
858:
in 1859, although it would later be referred to as a species of
113:
3119:
3031:
2560:. Monograph I (1859). Printed for H. M. Stationery Off.: 1â105.
2516:
10.1666/pleo0022-3360(2007)081[0725:PEFTSV]2.0.CO;2
1014:
830:. The type species and the only species described in Scotland,
819:
748:
733:
624:
616:
161:
3076:
2889:
2619:
Merostomata from the Downtonian Sandstone of Ringerike, Norway
2030:
have been found shelter various faunas of eurypterids such as
1077:
with only a length of 9 cm (3.5 in). The fossils of
2769:
Braddy, Simon J.; Poschmann, Markus; Tetlie, O. Erik (2007).
1248:(head) and one metastoma. This species has been described as
1058:
562:
1124:
to the level of its own genus, recognizing two subgenera of
722:
at 2.5 m (8 ft) (the largest known arthropod) and
619:(the most posterior segment of the body) and their modified
2672:
2417:
Lomax, Dean; Lamsdell, James; Ciurca, Samuel (2011-01-01).
2295:"The Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London"
1355:, extending the range of the species to the United States.
1200:, only known from one specimen (FMNH 89411, located in the
1065:(Early Silurian) age in the United States was described by
1009:. It was described from a large series of fossils found in
960:(Late Silurian) age, known for a well-preserved ectognath (
740:, at only 9 cm (3.5 in), although the fossils of
2616:
Størmer, Leif (1934). I Kommisjon hos Jacob Dybwad (ed.).
984:(the exoskeleton segment covering the head) of a gigantic
1295:
to the level of separate genera. The differences between
2645:
2634:
Eurypterids of the Devonian Holland Quarry Shale of Ohio
2453:
2366:
http://www.wsc.nmbe.ch/resources/fossils/Fossils18.5.pdf
1930:
was not as active, nor as specialized, as these genera.
1887:
though was not as acute as the vision of apex predators
1164:). Additionally, he described four new English species,
2468:
2457:
627:(claws). Although some pterygotid eurypterids, such as
2864:
10.1206/0003-0090(2004)285<0219:C>2.0.CO;2
1216:. In the same year, he described an American species,
3042:
2768:
2472:
2449:
2361:
1343:
in 2007 based on similarities of the chelicerae with
2476:
2461:
1101:
from the Late Wenlock age were described in 1934 by
667:, but it was not as highly specialized or active as
605:), which means "wing", and therefore, "rower wing".
2416:
2223:
Lamsdell, James C.; Legg, David A. (2010/11).
1033:. In addition, the metastoma was more oval than in
2852:Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History
2261:
2193:
1328:was later recognized as representing a synonym of
806:A total of 19 valid species have been assigned to
2822:
2720:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
1926:which suggests that while undoubtedly predatory,
1394:(with evolutionary novelties) eurypterids of the
1093:, leader of the expeditions from 1925 to 1928 to
3934:
1987:. Other organisms found in the zone include the
2771:"Giant claw reveals the largest ever arthropod"
663:have revealed that it was a predator with high
623:(frontal appendages), ending in well-developed
611:is classified as part of the eurypterid family
2849:
2384:Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
2105:
577:have been discovered in deposits ranging from
3092:
2705:
2703:
2554:and description of new species of Pterygotus"
2106:Lamsdell, James C.; Braddy, Simon J. (2009).
1914:The number of lenses in the compound eyes of
1303:were in the chelicerae, which were longer in
929:are more spine-like and longer than those of
866:refers to the bilobed telson of the species.
810:. Most of the species have been found in the
2550:"On the anatomy and affinities of the genus
2547:
2497:
2380:"II.âObservations on Pterygotid Eurypterids"
2377:
2316:
1420:, with a dorsal median carinae, and that of
1315:, the teeth were curved and small, while in
2548:Huxley, Thomas H.; Salter, John W. (1859).
2498:Ciurca, Samuel J.; Tetlie, O. Erik (2007).
1001:In 1883, one more species was described by
854:), and Salter replaced the genus name with
818:, although fossils have also been found in
3099:
3085:
2938:
2700:
2571:Harrington, Bernard J.; Donald, James T.;
1947:in Lesmahagow, where the first fossils of
913:(Late Silurian) age. The specific epithet
112:
2915:
2796:
2764:
2762:
2141:
1061:for "ball-" or "sphere-headed") from the
760:, but studies with complete specimens of
1836:
1435:The cladogram below published by Braddy
1362:
1227:
1107:
935:
793:
688:
2746:
2615:
1073:. It is so far the smallest species of
968:(tooth serrations), including one, the
3935:
2759:
2709:
2673:Sven Laufeld; Roland Skoglund (1979).
2543:
2541:
2289:
2287:
2285:
1872:was similar to that of the more basal
1379:, as well as the potentially gigantic
1040:
784:
3827:
3826:
3080:
2885:
2883:
2881:
2818:
2816:
2598:
2596:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2219:
2217:
1881:and more acute than the more derived
514:Kjellesvig-Waering & Caster, 1955
342:Kjellesvig-Waering & Leutze, 1966
2941:"Autecology of Silurian eurypterids"
2632:Kjellesvig-Waering, Erik N. (1961) "
2444:
2442:
2440:
2438:
2436:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2378:D. Waterston, Charles (1964-01-01).
2356:
2354:
2352:
2350:
2348:
2173:Clarke, J. K., Ruedemann R. (1912) "
1192:) consists of a free ramus, and the
1021:was first described as a variety of
601:), which means "rower", and ĎĎÎľĎĎν (
2538:
2312:
2310:
2282:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2183:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2093:
1120:In 1961, Kjellesvig-Waering raised
647:, reached 90 cm (35 in).
13:
2878:
2837:10.1111/j.1502-3931.1988.tb01746.x
2813:
2593:
2486:
2214:
2048:. Fossil remains of indeterminate
1443:taxa (used as a reference group),
14:
3984:
3024:
2427:
2345:
1358:
1190:British Museum of Natural History
3953:Early Devonian genus extinctions
3809:
3808:
3505:
3064:
3052:
3030:
2331:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2009.00907.x
2307:
2246:
2180:
2162:
2090:
1005:from the Ludlow age in Estonia,
138:
44:
3798:Timeline of eurypterid research
3106:
3005:
2980:
2955:
2945:Special Papers in Palaeontology
2932:
2843:
2752:Størmer, L. 1955. Merostomata.
2666:
2639:
2626:
2609:
2564:
2410:
2067:Timeline of eurypterid research
1918:is comparable to the number in
1832:
1351:was considered synonymous with
1202:Field Museum of Natural History
1144:), as well as two subgenera of
789:
2371:
1856:The cheliceral morphology and
1238:Natural History Museum, Berlin
1097:) from the Lochkovian age and
905:, was described by Salter and
684:
655:Studies on the chelicerae and
569:, an extinct group of aquatic
127:Natural History Museum, Vienna
1:
3963:Fossil taxa described in 1859
2084:
838:, Scotland, and described by
3973:Eurypterids of North America
2733:10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.05.011
2582:Quarterly Journal of Science
2300:Geological Society of London
1432:, which form a short spine.
370:Clarke & Ruedemann, 1912
7:
2684:Geological Survey of Sweden
2602:Schmidt, Friedrich (1883) "
2235: (6): 1206â1208.
2175:The Eurypterida of New York
2055:
1954:Nanahughmilleria lanceolata
798:Illustration of fossils of
728:at 2.1 m (7 ft).
704:was a big eurypterid, with
16:Extinct genus of arthropods
10:
3989:
1972:Parastylonurus sigmoidalis
1616:Erettopterus serricaudatus
1573:Erettopterus waylandsmithi
1367:The size of the smallest (
3835:
3806:
3785:
3759:
3725:
3595:
3552:
3514:
3503:
3465:
3447:
3429:
3401:
3390:
3362:
3344:
3326:
3315:
3283:
3260:
3237:
3219:
3208:
3200:List of eurypterid genera
3192:
3185:
3114:
3016:The Paleobiology Database
2396:10.1017/S0080456800023309
2062:List of eurypterid genera
1960:Hardieopterus lanarkensis
1741:
1727:Acutiramus macrophthalmus
1723:
1716:
1698:
1691:
1673:
1666:
1630:
1612:
1605:
1587:
1569:
1562:
1555:
1537:
1530:
1520:
1502:
1495:
1477:
1470:
1371:) and largest confirmed (
529:
522:
358:Huxley & Salter, 1859
275:
270:
256:
249:
244:Huxley & Salter, 1859
135:Scientific classification
133:
120:
111:
23:
2710:Tetlie, O. Erik (2007).
1541:Ciurcopterus ventricosus
1459:("phyletic gigantism").
1337:Pterygotus waylandsmithi
1287:In 1974, Størmer raised
842:in 1856 as a species of
547:Kjellesvig-Waering, 1961
490:Kjellesvig-Waering, 1961
478:Kjellesvig-Waering, 1979
466:Kjellesvig-Waering, 1961
454:Kjellesvig-Waering, 1964
430:Kjellesvig-Waering, 1961
418:Kjellesvig-Waering, 1961
330:Kjellesvig-Waering, 1979
306:Kjellesvig-Waering, 1961
2648:Journal of Paleontology
2504:Journal of Paleontology
2264:Journal of Paleontology
2229:Journal of Paleontology
2196:Journal of Paleontology
2039:Strobilopterus laticeps
1702:Jaekelopterus rhenaniae
1591:Erettopterus osiliensis
1232:Fossilized specimen of
1116:, a ramus of chelicera.
756:had five joints in its
719:Jaekelopterus rhenaniae
2908:10.1098/rsbl.2015.0564
2789:10.1098/rsbl.2007.0491
2126:10.1098/rsbl.2009.0700
2014:. The deposits of the
1978:Carcinosoma scorpionis
1846:
1384:
1383:, compared to a human.
1241:
1206:Peter Bellinger Brodie
1117:
1003:Carl Friedrich Schmidt
945:
803:
698:
3968:Eurypterids of Europe
3915:Paleobiology Database
2156:Supplemental material
2045:Eysyslopterus patteni
1840:
1481:Hughmilleria socialis
1452:Hughmilleria socialis
1366:
1349:Pterygotus monroensis
1231:
1111:
990:(an extinct genus of
939:
893:, rower) and ĎĎÎľĎĎν (
834:, was first found in
797:
692:
3958:Silurian eurypterids
3948:Devonian eurypterids
3039:at Wikimedia Commons
2022:in which fossils of
2016:Rootsikula Formation
1745:Acutiramus bohemicus
1634:Erettopterus bilobus
1188:(BMNH 43790, in the
725:Acutiramus bohemicus
260:Erettopterus bilobus
1677:Pterygotus anglicus
1339:was transferred to
1041:20thâ21st centuries
954:John William Dawson
907:Thomas Henry Huxley
840:John William Salter
785:History of research
675:, it was more like
565:of large predatory
3328:Onychopterelloidea
2481:www.wiktionary.org
2362:http://wsc.nmbe.ch
2033:Mixopterus simonsi
1984:Slimonia acuminata
1847:
1506:Slimonia acuminata
1446:Slimonia acuminata
1385:
1271:(species in which
1242:
1118:
946:
846:(a name that is a
804:
699:
678:Slimonia acuminata
3930:
3929:
3902:Open Tree of Life
3829:Taxon identifiers
3820:
3819:
3501:
3500:
3497:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3449:Adelophthalmoidea
3431:Waeringopteroidea
3403:Carcinosomatoidea
3336:Onychopterellidae
3311:
3310:
3035:Media related to
2573:Billings, Elkanah
1829:
1828:
1820:
1819:
1811:
1810:
1802:
1801:
1793:
1792:
1784:
1783:
1775:
1774:
1766:
1765:
1757:
1756:
1655:
1654:
1646:
1645:
1067:John Mason Clarke
554:
553:
548:
540:
515:
503:
491:
479:
467:
455:
443:
431:
419:
407:
395:
383:
371:
359:
343:
331:
319:
307:
295:
281:
245:
39:443.7â412.3
3980:
3923:
3922:
3910:
3909:
3897:
3896:
3884:
3883:
3871:
3870:
3869:
3856:
3855:
3854:
3824:
3823:
3812:
3811:
3786:Related articles
3743:Merostomichnites
3509:
3457:Adelophthalmidae
3439:Waeringopteridae
3411:Carcinosomatidae
3399:
3398:
3382:Strobilopteridae
3324:
3323:
3298:Hibbertopteridae
3247:Parastylonuridae
3217:
3216:
3190:
3189:
3101:
3094:
3087:
3078:
3077:
3069:
3068:
3057:
3056:
3055:
3048:
3034:
3019:
3009:
3003:
3002:
3000:
2998:
2984:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2973:
2959:
2953:
2952:
2939:Paul A. Selden.
2936:
2930:
2929:
2919:
2887:
2876:
2875:
2847:
2841:
2840:
2820:
2811:
2810:
2800:
2766:
2757:
2750:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2735:. Archived from
2727:(3â4): 557â574.
2716:
2707:
2698:
2697:
2681:
2670:
2664:
2663:
2654:(5): 1109â1122.
2643:
2637:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2613:
2607:
2600:
2591:
2590:
2568:
2562:
2561:
2545:
2536:
2535:
2495:
2484:
2466:
2446:
2425:
2424:
2414:
2408:
2407:
2375:
2369:
2358:
2343:
2342:
2325:(5): 1141â1148.
2314:
2305:
2304:
2291:
2280:
2279:
2259:
2244:
2241:10.1666/10-040.1
2221:
2212:
2211:
2191:
2178:
2171:
2160:
2159:
2145:
2103:
1966:Eusarcana obesus
1748:(210 cm, 83 in)
1730:(200 cm, 79 in)
1719:
1718:
1705:(250 cm, 98 in)
1694:
1693:
1680:(160 cm, 63 in)
1669:
1668:
1608:
1607:
1565:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1533:
1532:
1523:
1522:
1509:(100 cm, 39 in)
1498:
1497:
1473:
1472:
1463:
1462:
1277:E. serricaudatus
1273:E. serricaudatus
1265:E. serricaudatus
1257:E. serricaudatus
1071:Rudolf Ruedemann
546:
535:
513:
509:E. waylandsmithi
501:
489:
477:
473:E. serricaudatus
465:
453:
441:
429:
417:
405:
393:
381:
369:
353:
341:
329:
317:
305:
293:
279:
239:
232:
219:
206:
193:
143:
142:
116:
106:
43:
29:Temporal range:
21:
20:
3988:
3987:
3983:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3978:
3977:
3933:
3932:
3931:
3926:
3918:
3913:
3905:
3900:
3892:
3887:
3879:
3874:
3865:
3864:
3859:
3850:
3849:
3844:
3831:
3821:
3816:
3802:
3781:
3772:Chasmataspidida
3755:
3721:
3618:Campylocephalus
3591:
3548:
3510:
3489:
3475:Hughmilleriidae
3461:
3443:
3425:
3416:Megalograptidae
3392:
3386:
3372:Dolichopteridae
3358:
3346:Moselopteroidea
3340:
3317:
3307:
3293:Drepanopteridae
3279:
3275:Hardieopteridae
3262:Kokomopteroidea
3256:
3233:
3210:
3204:
3181:
3110:
3105:
3075:
3063:
3053:
3051:
3043:
3027:
3022:
3010:
3006:
2996:
2994:
2992:fossilworks.org
2986:
2985:
2981:
2971:
2969:
2967:fossilworks.org
2961:
2960:
2956:
2937:
2933:
2902:(8): 20150564.
2896:Biology Letters
2888:
2879:
2848:
2844:
2821:
2814:
2776:Biology Letters
2767:
2760:
2751:
2747:
2739:
2714:
2708:
2701:
2694:
2679:
2671:
2667:
2644:
2640:
2631:
2627:
2614:
2610:
2601:
2594:
2569:
2565:
2546:
2539:
2496:
2487:
2464:
2447:
2428:
2415:
2411:
2376:
2372:
2364:, version 18.5
2359:
2346:
2315:
2308:
2293:
2292:
2283:
2260:
2247:
2222:
2215:
2192:
2181:
2172:
2163:
2113:Biology Letters
2104:
2091:
2087:
2058:
1993:Euomphalopterus
1841:Restoration of
1835:
1830:
1821:
1812:
1803:
1794:
1785:
1776:
1767:
1758:
1656:
1647:
1637:(70 cm, 27 in)
1619:(60 cm, 24 in)
1594:(90 cm, 35 in)
1576:(60 cm, 24 in)
1544:(70 cm, 28 in)
1361:
1250:E. exophthalmus
1043:
792:
787:
693:Restoration of
687:
518:
512:
500:
488:
476:
464:
452:
440:
428:
416:
404:
392:
380:
368:
352:
340:
337:E. exophthalmus
328:
316:
304:
292:
283:
282:
266:
263:
238:
230:
217:
204:
191:
137:
107:
105:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
38:
37:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3986:
3976:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3943:Pterygotioidea
3928:
3927:
3925:
3924:
3911:
3898:
3885:
3872:
3857:
3841:
3839:
3833:
3832:
3818:
3817:
3807:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3800:
3795:
3789:
3787:
3783:
3782:
3780:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3763:
3761:
3760:Related groups
3757:
3756:
3754:
3753:
3746:
3739:
3731:
3729:
3723:
3722:
3720:
3719:
3712:
3705:
3698:
3691:
3688:Onychopterella
3684:
3677:
3670:
3663:
3656:
3649:
3646:Hibbertopterus
3642:
3635:
3628:
3621:
3614:
3607:
3604:Adelophthalmus
3599:
3597:
3596:Notable genera
3593:
3592:
3590:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3558:
3556:
3550:
3549:
3547:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3520:
3518:
3512:
3511:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3498:
3495:
3494:
3491:
3490:
3488:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3471:
3469:
3467:Pterygotioidea
3463:
3462:
3460:
3459:
3453:
3451:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3441:
3435:
3433:
3427:
3426:
3424:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3407:
3405:
3396:
3394:Diploperculata
3388:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3368:
3366:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3356:
3354:Moselopteridae
3350:
3348:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3338:
3332:
3330:
3321:
3313:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3289:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3272:
3270:Kokomopteridae
3266:
3264:
3258:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3249:
3243:
3241:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3231:
3225:
3223:
3221:Rhenopteroidea
3214:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3202:
3196:
3194:
3187:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3179:
3170:
3161:
3152:
3143:
3134:
3128:
3122:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3104:
3103:
3096:
3089:
3081:
3074:
3073:
3061:
3041:
3040:
3026:
3025:External links
3023:
3021:
3020:
3004:
2979:
2954:
2931:
2877:
2842:
2812:
2783:(1): 106â109.
2758:
2745:
2742:on 2011-07-18.
2699:
2693:978-9171581709
2692:
2665:
2638:
2625:
2608:
2592:
2563:
2537:
2510:(4): 725â736.
2485:
2426:
2423:. Vol. 9.
2409:
2370:
2344:
2306:
2281:
2270:(4): 789â835.
2245:
2213:
2202:(2): 331â361.
2179:
2161:
2120:(2): 265â269.
2088:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2081:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2057:
2054:
1868:The vision of
1834:
1831:
1827:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1818:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1809:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1790:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1773:
1772:
1769:
1768:
1764:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1755:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1722:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1697:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1672:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1611:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1568:
1563:
1561:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1550:
1547:
1546:
1536:
1531:
1529:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1501:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1484:(20 cm, 8 in)
1476:
1471:
1469:
1467:Pterygotioidea
1461:
1360:
1359:Classification
1357:
1042:
1039:
848:junior homonym
791:
788:
786:
783:
686:
683:
597:words áźĎÎĎĎĎ (
587:Early Devonian
579:Early Silurian
552:
551:
550:
549:
541:
536:Salter, 1856,
527:
526:
520:
519:
517:
516:
504:
492:
480:
468:
456:
444:
432:
420:
408:
396:
384:
372:
360:
344:
332:
320:
308:
296:
278:
277:
276:
273:
272:
268:
267:
264:
254:
253:
247:
246:
228:
224:
223:
215:
211:
210:
208:Pterygotioidea
202:
198:
197:
189:
185:
184:
179:
175:
174:
169:
165:
164:
159:
155:
154:
149:
145:
144:
131:
130:
118:
117:
109:
108:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
28:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3985:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3940:
3938:
3921:
3916:
3912:
3908:
3903:
3899:
3895:
3890:
3886:
3882:
3877:
3873:
3868:
3862:
3858:
3853:
3847:
3843:
3842:
3840:
3838:
3834:
3830:
3825:
3815:
3805:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3790:
3788:
3784:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3764:
3762:
3758:
3752:
3751:
3747:
3745:
3744:
3740:
3738:
3737:
3733:
3732:
3730:
3728:
3724:
3718:
3717:
3713:
3711:
3710:
3706:
3704:
3703:
3699:
3697:
3696:
3695:Pentecopterus
3692:
3690:
3689:
3685:
3683:
3682:
3678:
3676:
3675:
3671:
3669:
3668:
3667:Megalograptus
3664:
3662:
3661:
3660:Jaekelopterus
3657:
3655:
3654:
3650:
3648:
3647:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3632:Drepanopterus
3629:
3627:
3626:
3622:
3620:
3619:
3615:
3613:
3612:
3611:Brachyopterus
3608:
3606:
3605:
3601:
3600:
3598:
3594:
3588:
3587:South America
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3577:North America
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3555:
3551:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3539:Carboniferous
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3521:
3519:
3517:
3516:Geochronology
3513:
3508:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3468:
3464:
3458:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3446:
3440:
3437:
3436:
3434:
3432:
3428:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3408:
3406:
3404:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3389:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3365:
3364:Eurypteroidea
3361:
3355:
3352:
3351:
3349:
3347:
3343:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3331:
3329:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3314:
3304:
3303:Mycteroptidae
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3286:
3285:Mycteropoidea
3282:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3267:
3265:
3263:
3259:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3240:
3239:Stylonuroidea
3236:
3230:
3229:Rhenopteridae
3227:
3226:
3224:
3222:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3207:
3201:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3191:
3188:
3184:
3178:
3177:Sclerophorata
3174:
3171:
3169:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3141:Euchelicerata
3138:
3135:
3133:
3129:
3127:
3123:
3121:
3117:
3116:
3113:
3109:
3102:
3097:
3095:
3090:
3088:
3083:
3082:
3079:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3060:
3050:
3049:
3046:
3038:
3033:
3029:
3028:
3017:
3013:
3008:
2993:
2989:
2983:
2968:
2964:
2958:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2935:
2927:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2886:
2884:
2882:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2846:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2819:
2817:
2808:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2777:
2772:
2765:
2763:
2755:
2749:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2721:
2713:
2706:
2704:
2695:
2689:
2685:
2678:
2677:
2669:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2642:
2635:
2629:
2621:
2620:
2612:
2605:
2599:
2597:
2588:
2584:
2583:
2578:
2574:
2567:
2559:
2555:
2553:
2544:
2542:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2431:
2422:
2421:
2413:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2374:
2367:
2363:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2349:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2319:Palaeontology
2313:
2311:
2302:
2301:
2296:
2290:
2288:
2286:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2220:
2218:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2190:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2176:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2089:
2080:
2079:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2053:
2051:
2050:osteostracids
2047:
2046:
2041:
2040:
2035:
2034:
2029:
2028:E. osiliensis
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1985:
1980:
1979:
1974:
1973:
1968:
1967:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1946:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1929:
1925:
1924:Jaekelopterus
1921:
1917:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1891:
1890:Jaekelopterus
1886:
1885:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1866:
1863:
1862:compound eyes
1859:
1858:visual acuity
1854:
1852:
1844:
1839:
1825:
1824:
1816:
1815:
1807:
1806:
1798:
1797:
1789:
1788:
1780:
1779:
1771:
1770:
1762:
1761:
1753:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1739:
1738:
1735:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1728:
1721:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1703:
1696:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1678:
1671:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1660:
1659:
1651:
1650:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1635:
1628:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1617:
1610:
1609:
1603:
1602:
1599:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1592:
1585:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1567:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1535:
1534:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1518:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1507:
1500:
1499:
1493:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1482:
1475:
1474:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1458:
1454:
1453:
1448:
1447:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1426:Jaekelopterus
1423:
1419:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1382:
1378:
1375:) species of
1374:
1373:E. osiliensis
1370:
1365:
1356:
1354:
1353:E. osiliensis
1350:
1346:
1345:E. osiliensis
1342:
1338:
1335:In addition,
1333:
1331:
1327:
1326:Truncatiramus
1323:
1318:
1317:Truncatiramus
1314:
1310:
1309:Truncatiramus
1306:
1302:
1301:Truncatiramus
1298:
1294:
1293:Truncatiramus
1290:
1285:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1269:E. osiliensis
1266:
1262:
1258:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1239:
1235:
1230:
1226:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1210:E. spatulatus
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1170:E. spatulatus
1167:
1163:
1162:Truncatiramus
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1115:
1110:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1038:
1036:
1035:E. osiliensis
1032:
1031:E. osiliensis
1028:
1024:
1023:E. osiliensis
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1007:E. osiliensis
1004:
999:
997:
993:
989:
988:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
950:E. canadensis
943:
938:
934:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
867:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
844:Himantopterus
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
816:Great Britain
813:
812:United States
809:
801:
796:
782:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
750:
745:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
726:
721:
720:
715:
711:
707:
706:E. osiliensis
703:
696:
695:E. osiliensis
691:
682:
680:
679:
674:
670:
669:Jaekelopterus
666:
665:visual acuity
662:
658:
657:compound eyes
653:
650:
646:
645:E. osiliensis
642:
638:
637:
632:
631:
630:Jaekelopterus
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
604:
600:
596:
595:Ancient Greek
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
573:. Fossils of
572:
568:
564:
560:
559:
545:
544:Truncatiramus
542:
539:
534:
533:Himantopterus
531:
530:
528:
525:
521:
511:
510:
505:
502:Størmer, 1934
499:
498:
493:
487:
486:
485:E. spatulatus
481:
475:
474:
469:
463:
462:
457:
451:
450:
445:
442:Schmidt, 1883
439:
438:
437:E. osiliensis
433:
427:
426:
421:
415:
414:
409:
406:Schmidt, 1883
403:
402:
397:
394:Størmer, 1934
391:
390:
385:
382:Pohlman, 1881
379:
378:
373:
367:
366:
361:
357:
351:
350:
345:
339:
338:
333:
327:
326:
321:
315:
314:
313:E. canadensis
309:
303:
302:
297:
291:
290:
285:
284:
274:
269:
262:
261:
255:
252:
248:
243:
237:
236:
229:
226:
225:
222:
216:
213:
212:
209:
203:
201:Superfamily:
200:
199:
196:
190:
187:
186:
183:
180:
177:
176:
173:
170:
167:
166:
163:
160:
157:
156:
153:
150:
147:
146:
141:
136:
132:
128:
124:
119:
115:
110:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
42:
36:
32:
26:
22:
19:
3867:Erettopterus
3837:Erettopterus
3836:
3748:
3741:
3734:
3714:
3707:
3700:
3693:
3686:
3679:
3672:
3665:
3658:
3653:Hughmilleria
3651:
3644:
3637:
3630:
3623:
3616:
3609:
3602:
3485:Pterygotidae
3421:Mixopteridae
3377:Eurypteridae
3252:Stylonuridae
3172:
3163:
3154:
3145:
3136:
3059:Paleontology
3037:Erettopterus
3015:
3007:
2995:. Retrieved
2991:
2982:
2970:. Retrieved
2966:
2957:
2948:
2944:
2934:
2899:
2895:
2855:
2851:
2845:
2831:(1): 13â27.
2828:
2824:
2780:
2774:
2753:
2748:
2737:the original
2724:
2718:
2675:
2668:
2651:
2647:
2641:
2628:
2618:
2611:
2586:
2580:
2566:
2557:
2551:
2507:
2503:
2480:
2419:
2412:
2387:
2383:
2373:
2322:
2318:
2298:
2267:
2263:
2232:
2228:
2199:
2195:
2117:
2111:
2076:
2072:Pterygotidae
2043:
2037:
2031:
2027:
2024:E. laticauda
2023:
2009:
2000:
1991:
1982:
1976:
1970:
1964:
1958:
1952:
1948:
1942:Patrick Burn
1934:Erettopterus
1933:
1932:
1928:Erettopterus
1927:
1923:
1919:
1916:Erettopterus
1915:
1913:
1909:Erettopterus
1908:
1901:Erettopterus
1900:
1894:
1888:
1882:
1876:
1870:Erettopterus
1869:
1867:
1855:
1848:
1842:
1833:Paleoecology
1743:
1742:
1725:
1724:
1700:
1699:
1675:
1674:
1633:
1632:
1631:
1615:
1614:
1613:
1590:
1589:
1588:
1572:
1571:
1570:
1539:
1538:
1527:Pterygotidae
1504:
1503:
1479:
1478:
1450:
1444:
1436:
1434:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:Ciurcopterus
1415:
1412:Erettopterus
1411:
1409:
1388:Erettopterus
1387:
1386:
1380:
1377:Erettopterus
1376:
1372:
1369:E. globiceps
1368:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1341:Erettopterus
1340:
1336:
1334:
1330:Erettopterus
1329:
1325:
1316:
1313:Erettopterus
1312:
1308:
1305:Erettopterus
1304:
1300:
1297:Erettopterus
1296:
1292:
1288:
1286:
1281:E. carinatus
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1261:E. carinatus
1260:
1256:
1254:
1249:
1243:
1233:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1197:
1181:
1177:
1174:E. megalodon
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1154:Erettopterus
1153:
1149:
1146:Erettopterus
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1122:Erettopterus
1121:
1119:
1113:
1112:Holotype of
1103:Leif Størmer
1098:
1091:Thorolf Vogt
1086:
1083:E. globiceps
1082:
1079:E. globiceps
1078:
1075:Erettopterus
1074:
1054:
1051:E. globiceps
1050:
1047:Erettopterus
1046:
1044:
1034:
1030:
1027:E. laticauda
1026:
1022:
1019:E. laticauda
1018:
1006:
1000:
996:Erettopterus
995:
987:Ceratiocaris
985:
977:
973:
958:Late Wenlock
949:
947:
941:
940:Holotype of
930:
927:E. megalodon
926:
923:E. megalodon
922:
914:
902:
899:Erettopterus
898:
894:
890:
887:Erettopterus
886:
882:
881:, including
874:
870:
868:
863:
859:
856:Erettopterus
855:
852:a moth genus
843:
831:
808:Erettopterus
807:
805:
799:
790:19th century
770:Erettopterus
769:
765:
762:Erettopterus
761:
754:Erettopterus
753:
746:
742:E. globiceps
741:
738:E. globiceps
737:
729:
723:
717:
714:Pterygotidae
710:Erettopterus
709:
705:
702:Erettopterus
701:
700:
694:
676:
672:
668:
661:Erettopterus
660:
654:
649:Erettopterus
648:
644:
641:Erettopterus
640:
634:
628:
613:Pterygotidae
609:Erettopterus
608:
607:
602:
598:
585:age) to the
575:Erettopterus
574:
558:Erettopterus
557:
556:
555:
543:
532:
508:
507:
496:
495:
484:
483:
472:
471:
460:
459:
448:
447:
436:
435:
425:E. megalodon
424:
423:
412:
411:
401:E. laticauda
400:
399:
388:
387:
376:
375:
365:E. globiceps
364:
363:
355:
348:
347:
336:
335:
325:E. carinatus
324:
323:
318:Dawson, 1879
312:
311:
300:
299:
294:Salter, 1856
288:
287:
265:Salter, 1856
259:
258:
251:Type species
241:
235:Erettopterus
234:
233:
221:Pterygotidae
122:
25:Erettopterus
24:
18:
3861:Wikispecies
3750:Palmichnium
3727:Ichnogenera
3625:Carcinosoma
3319:Eurypterina
3212:Stylonurina
3150:Prosomapoda
3132:Chelicerata
3130:Subphylum:
3108:Eurypterids
2997:17 December
2972:17 December
2858:: 219â237.
2756:, P: 30â31.
2448:Meaning of
2390:(2): 9â33.
2007:thelodontid
1998:hyperoartid
1907:fingers of
1874:pterygotoid
1851:crustaceans
1457:Cope's rule
1222:E. saetiger
1218:E. serratus
1182:E. marstoni
1166:E. marstoni
1114:E. serratus
1095:Spitsbergen
1049:. In 1912,
992:phyllocarid
944:, a telson.
824:Scandinavia
716:), such as
685:Description
538:preoccupied
461:E. serratus
449:E. saetiger
413:E. marstoni
195:Eurypterida
182:Chelicerata
178:Subphylum:
3937:Categories
3716:Stylonurus
3702:Pterygotus
3681:Mixopterus
3674:Megarachne
3639:Eurypterus
3524:Ordovician
3480:Slimonidae
3391:Infraorder
3168:Dekatriata
3159:Planaterga
3126:Arthropoda
3071:Arthropods
2589:: 103â104.
2552:Pterygotus
2465:(in Greek)
2454:canadensis
2085:References
2078:Pterygotus
1949:E. bilobus
1945:formations
1920:Pterygotus
1896:Pterygotus
1884:Acutiramus
1843:E. bilobus
1430:Acutiramus
1422:Pterygotus
1410:What sets
1404:chelicerae
1381:E. grandis
1289:Acutiramus
1234:E. bilobus
1214:E. grandis
1198:E. brodiei
1178:E. brodiei
1142:Acutiramus
1134:Pterygotus
1126:Pterygotus
1089:(honoring
1063:Llandovery
974:E. grandis
962:maxilliped
942:E. grandis
883:Pterygotus
875:Pterygotus
871:Pterygotus
860:Pterygotus
836:Lesmahagow
832:E. bilobus
800:E. bilobus
778:anteriorly
766:Acutiramus
758:chelicerae
730:E. grandis
673:Pterygotus
636:Acutiramus
621:chelicerae
591:Lochkovian
583:Rhuddanian
571:arthropods
567:eurypterid
377:E. grandis
301:E. brodiei
289:E. bilobus
280:19 species
172:Arthropoda
123:E. bilobus
121:Fossil of
35:Lochkovian
31:Rhuddanian
3793:Metastoma
3777:Xiphosura
3767:Arachnida
3554:Geography
3118:Kingdom:
2532:140668235
2524:0022-3360
2469:globiceps
2458:carinatus
2404:130261793
2339:1475-4983
2134:1744-9561
2002:Jamoytius
1989:gastropod
1255:In 1971,
1055:globiceps
970:posterior
966:denticles
956:from the
879:subgenera
774:metastoma
158:Kingdom:
152:Eukaryota
3852:Q5385716
3846:Wikidata
3814:Category
3736:Arcuites
3709:Slimonia
3534:Devonian
3529:Silurian
3316:Suborder
3209:Suborder
3186:Taxonomy
3124:Phylum:
3120:Animalia
2926:26289442
2872:73556985
2807:18029297
2575:(1881).
2152:19828493
2056:See also
2020:Saaremaa
1938:Kip Burn
1878:Slimonia
1441:outgroup
1400:Devonian
1396:Silurian
1322:ontogeny
1307:than in
1246:prosomas
1225:margin.
1194:paratype
1186:holotype
1099:E. holmi
1087:E. vogti
1011:Saaremaa
982:carapace
931:E. gigas
903:E. gigas
524:Synonyms
497:E. vogti
389:E. holmi
349:E. gigas
271:Species
214:Family:
168:Phylum:
162:Animalia
148:Domain:
3907:5128475
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