1133:
to interpret the physical features and the geology of the region prior to making four expeditions into the field to check their observations. On
Expedition III they explored the entire Essequibo basin. They travelled separately in two outboard-powered canoes, each team comprising a geologist and five Amerindians. Starting at Kanashen, they canoed up all the major eastward flowing tributaries: the Kuyuwini, Kassikaityu, Kamoa and Sipu rivers, as well as the Chadikar River which on the basis of its north-south trend and a larger flow of water is considered to be the source of the Essiquibo rather than the eastward flowing Sipu River. In his memoirs Richard Johnson records how he had a line cut through the forest to a small hill near the Chodikar headwaters so that he could stand on the border defined by the watershed, and when he told his line-cutting team that they were looking south across the forest into Brazil his foreman disagreed on the basis that "there are lots of nightclubs in Brazil." After mapping the tributaries the two teams joined forces and travelled down the Essequibo to its confluence with the
1185:, thereby promoting sales of this British invention. The expedition team comprised Bob Saunders (BBC producer and team leader), Tommy Tomlinson (CC7 pilot), Jevan Berrangé (navigator and logistics consultant), Len Chrisophers (hovercraft engineer), Peter Smith (sound recordist), and Tony Morrison (cameraman). Fuel dumps for the hovercraft were laid down at intervals ahead of the expedition, by boat on the Rio Negro, by plane in the North Savannas and by float-plane on the Essequibo. As there were no reliable maps of the route, navigation in Guyana was done by 1:60,000 scale aerial photographs and by scouting rapids in a motorised inflatable dinghy ahead of the CC7. This was the first expedition to travel by river, land, and sea from Manaus to Georgetown, a total distance of about 1,000 miles (1,600 km).
1234:
1258:, two English, one Iranian, and one South African located the furthest source of the Essequibo River. They built upon information and experience from the above 2013 Guyanese German expedition alongside topographical maps, local Wai Wai knowledge, GPS, and machetes to follow the Sipu River to its source. The multinational team 'Running the Essequibo' followed the main channel and investigated tributaries until they reached the watershed. There, 20 metres away from the Brazilian border, they logged what is now acknowledged to be the furthest source of the Essequibo River.
1146:
1202:
2243:
1125:
1974:
59:
1242:
by calculation errors or other mistakes. Possibly he followed a different branch of the river more in the South of Guyana. To further investigate this, additional research is necessary, preferably in the original reports of Robert
Hermann Schomburgk from his expedition in 1837/38. For the accurate determination of the headwaters and their proper classification, further extensive geological and hydrological studies are necessary.
44:
1194:
2255:
1226:
1064:
claims that the
Essequibo is the true border between it and Guyana, claiming all territory west of it. The boundary was set between Venezuela and Guyana's then colonial power, Great Britain in 1899 through an arbitration proceeding. A letter written by Venezuela's legal counsel, named partner Severo
1241:
With the support of the Wai-Wai, satellite maps, topographic maps, GPS and a small drone, the source valley was discovered in 2013. The coordinate determined by expedition teams in 2013 deviates by approximately 40`, which corresponds to a distance of at least 80 km north. This could be caused
1132:
As part of a
British Technical Assistance project "Operation El Dorado", geologists Dr. Jevan P. Berrangé and Dr. Richard L. Johnson made the first topographic and geological maps of Guyana south of latitude 4 degrees north. They examined 1:60,000 scale panchromatic aerial photos with a stereoscope
1209:
A Guyanese-German expedition in Guyana in April and May 2013 followed the course of the Sipu River to detect the still unknown headwaters of the
Essequibo. It was sponsored by the French-German TV Company ARTE and was organized by Duane De Freitas (Rupununi Trails) and the film production team of
1264:
The team then began their world-first descent of the
Essequibo River. The team of nine paddled back to Kanashan, aka Gunns Strip, where the Wai Wai members returned home and Romel Shoni and Anthony Shushu joined the expedition. This team, accompanied later further downriver by Fay James
1107:
the German researcher Robert
Hermann Schomburgk (1804-1865) investigated the river Essequibo and followed its course to the south-west, while Sipu River flows to a westerly direction. He specified the coordinates of the source at 0°41`northern latitude, while not giving a longitude.
1069:
alleged that the
Russian and British judges on the tribunal had acted improperly and granted the lion's share of the disputed territory to Britain due to a political deal between Russia and the United Kingdom. As a result, Venezuela has revived its claim to the disputed territory.
1169:. After following the Ireng for a few tens of kilometers they hovered about 40 miles across the North Savannas of Guyana to the Rupununi River, which they followed to its confluence with the Essequibo River at Apoteri. The Essequibo was then traversed down to its mouth near
1059:
The
Independence war of Venezuela beginning in the 19th century ended the missionary settlements. At this time, Britain needed to have a colony, besides Trinidad, to serve the large trade sailboats on their large travel trading route around South America.
1279:(expedition leader), Ness Knight, Pip Stewart, Peiman Zekavat (film director), Jon Williams (cameraman), Nereus Chekema, Nigel Isaacs, Jackson (Elijah) Marawanaru, Aron Marawanaru, James Suse, Fay James, Romel Shoni, and Anthony Shushu.
1921:
Eigenmann, C. H.: "Reports on the expedition to
British Guiana of the Indiana University and the Carnegie Museum, 1908. Report no. 1. Some new genera and species of fishes from British Guiana". Annals of the Carnegie Museum, 6(1),
1448:
Colección de los viages y descubrimientos que hicieron por mar los españoles desde fines del siglo XV: con varios documentos inéditos concernientes á la historia de la marina castellana y de los establecimientos españoles en
1955:
1547:
1813:
Robert Hermann Schomburgk's Reisen in Guiana und am Orinoko. Während der Jahre 1835-1839. Nach seinen Berichten und Mittheilungen an die geographische Gesellschaft in London
1056:
The Dutch deterred many attacks from the British, French and Spanish for nearly two centuries, though they would later cede their territory to the British in 1814.
1181:" with the episode "The Forbidden Route" broadcast in November 1971. The secondary purpose was to demonstrate the abilities of a new type of small hovercraft, the
1319:
1116:
In 1908 the German-American ichthyologist Carl H. Eigenmann traveled on river Essequibo and confluent Potaro. He described 336 fish species in these rivers.
1518:
1940:
185:
1090:
was released into the river causing much destruction. The spill was preceded by a smaller sodium cyanide spill in May that killed hundreds of fish.
1781:
1625:
1165:
is joined by the Rio Negro. They followed the Negro upstream to where it is joined by the Rio Ireng that forms the border between Brazil and
571:
Territory near the river is argued over by Venezuela and Guyana. The river is administered by Guyana after being previously colonized by the
1767:
Colección de los viages y descubrimientos que hicieron por mar los españoles desde fines del siglo XV, 3: con varios documentos inéditos ...
1572:
1520:
Transboundary Waters: A Global Compendium (TWAP) - Water System Information Sheets: Southern America - Volume 6 - Annex C: Southern America
1962:
1828:
277:(Period: 1971–2000)5,136 m/s (181,400 cu ft/s) 5,650 m/s (200,000 cu ft/s) 178 km/a (5,600 m/s)
1551:
1903:
1899:
997:'s British expedition to Guiana, led a force inland along the banks of the Essequibo River, reaching what he wrongly believed to be
936:) and those of the Essequibo are connected, allowing a level of exchange in the aquatic fauna such as fish between the two systems.
646:
rivers. For over 30 kilometres (19 mi) from its mouth, the river's channel is divided by the large flat and fertile islands of
1670:"Mind the (information) gap: the importance of exploration and discovery for assessing conservation priorities for freshwater fish"
1935:
1066:
913:. This may be an underestimate of the true diversity, as parts of the basin are poorly known. For example, surveys of the upper
120:
1215:
969:
explored the mouths of the Orinoco and allegedly were the first Europeans to explore the Essequibo. Alonso de Ojeda called it
1749:
1710:
1531:
1361:
1014:
1326:
1218:(HTW Dresden). The expedition was only realizable with the support of the Guyanese government and the indigenous tribe of
1860:. Institute of Geological Sciences, Overseas Memoir No 4, 111 p. Tectonic-Geological and Geomorphological Maps. 1;500,000
1970:
1464:
1149:
CushionCraft CC7 hovercraft in North Savannas of Guyana during the filming of "The World About Us: The Forbidden Route".
575:. Historically, Venezuela has claimed the Essequibo River as their most eastern border, though in practice it was under
1037:
1018:
1765:
1233:
2259:
1426:
576:
568:
of 156,828 km (60,552 sq mi) and an average discharge of 5,650 m/s (200,000 cu ft/s).
1811:
17:
1446:
1269:
people), then paddled the remaining distance to the mouth of the Essequibo where it meets the Atlantic Ocean.
1466:
El Páxaro en La liga: epistola gratulatoria al traductor de La liga de la teologia moderna con la filosofia
1668:
Karen M. Alofs; Elford A. Liverpool; Donald C. Taphorn; Calvin R. Bernard; Hernán López-Fernández (2013).
1736:
376:(Period: 1971–2000)2,316.8 m/s (81,820 cu ft/s) 2,832 m/s (100,000 cu ft/s)
1498:
Northern South America: Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, northern Brazil, and eastern Venezuela (NT0125)
1104:
670:
is located on the island, and was the seat of government of the country during the Dutch colonial era.
2286:
2247:
1948:
2281:
1978:
1667:
557:
1895:
667:
1882:
The World About Us: The Forbidden Route; BBC film archives; First broadcast November 21st, 1971
1334:"Verkenning effecten Versnelde zeespiegelstijging op dynamiek Westerschelde estuariene systeem"
1029:
was founded in 1616 and located in the region of the Essequibo River that later became part of
611:
is dotted with numerous small islands. It enters the Atlantic 21 kilometres (13 mi) from
1086:. An estimated 4 million cubic metres (140,000,000 cu ft) of waste laced with
588:
1333:
958:
8:
2194:
1741:
905:
The river has a very rich fauna. More than 300 fish species are known from the Essequibo
663:
659:
655:
591:
ecoregion. The average annual rainfall in the catchment area is 2,174 mm. There are many
1178:
1170:
1026:
918:
612:
1210:
Marion Pöllmann and Rainer Bergomaz (Blue Paw Artists). The responsible scientist for
560:, the Essequibo flows to the north for 1,014 km (630 mi) through forest and
2099:
2029:
1745:
1706:
1527:
1422:
1357:
922:
853:
475:
238:
156,828 km (60,552 sq mi) 158,232.7 km (61,094.0 sq mi)
1600:
2044:
1916:
El Esequivo, frontera de Venezuela. Documentos histĂłricos y experiencias personales
1843:
Berrangé, J. P. & Johnson, R. L. 1972. A guide to the Essequibo River, Guyana.
1789:
1681:
1182:
978:
962:
950:
553:
523:
106:
2144:
2114:
2109:
1496:
1416:
1351:
966:
789:
639:
531:
491:
2049:
1737:
The Statesman's Yearbook 2017: The Politics, Cultures and Economies of the World
1382:
2204:
2179:
2174:
2149:
2129:
2119:
2094:
2074:
2054:
2039:
1999:
1871:
Operation El Dorado - A geological mapping project in Southern Guyana 1966–1971
1255:
1251:
1219:
1211:
1030:
994:
990:
954:
914:
906:
837:
821:
805:
635:
631:
627:
600:
572:
565:
487:
483:
479:
450:
260:
171:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1145:
306:(80 km upstream of mouth; Basin size: 154,175 km (59,527 sq mi)
2275:
2219:
2139:
2134:
2084:
2059:
2024:
2004:
1651:
1276:
1201:
647:
200:
187:
135:
122:
1480:
Ince, Basil. "The Venezuela-Guyana Boundary Dispute in the United Nations".
2224:
2209:
2189:
2184:
2164:
2159:
2124:
2019:
2014:
1370:
1162:
1022:
933:
929:
773:
757:
671:
643:
616:
607:) along the route of the Essequibo, and its 20-kilometre (12 mi) wide
604:
549:
499:
495:
925:
in 2013. At least 24 fish species are restricted to Mazaruni River alone.
2214:
2154:
2079:
2064:
2034:
2009:
1994:
1288:
1237:
The team at the furthest source of the Essequibo River aka the Sipu River
1082:
there was an acid spill in the river by the Canadian gold mining company
1005:, continued the exploration of the Guiana coast and the Essequibo River.
998:
166:
2089:
1045:
1686:
1669:
1124:
2169:
1703:
Earth's Landscape: An Encyclopedia of the World's Geographic Features
1079:
1061:
1041:
596:
1401:
366:
Plantain Island (Basin size: 66,563 km (25,700 sq mi)
58:
2199:
1914:
Vegamián, FĂ©lix MarĂa de (Father, Order of Friars Minor Capuchin).
1134:
910:
651:
623:
43:
1827:
Eigenmann, C. H.; Calvert, Philip P.; Carriker, M.A. Jr. (1910).
1266:
1087:
1083:
608:
561:
545:
422:
303:
1626:"Sloth Island Nature Resort – one of Guyana's best kept secrets"
1193:
318:(Period: 1971–2000)5,043.9 m/s (178,120 cu ft/s)
2104:
1973:
1343:
1166:
1158:
1154:
1153:
On February 26, 1971, an expedition set off by hovercraft from
961:
in 1498. The Essequibo River is named after Esquivel. In 1499,
592:
541:
264:
77:
49:
1418:
GEOGRAFĂŤA FĂŤSICA DEL TERRITORIO EN RECLAMACIĂ“N GUYANA ESEQUIBA
1225:
340:(Period: 1965–1998)8,700 m/s (310,000 cu ft/s)
320:(Period: 1965–1998)4,100 m/s (140,000 cu ft/s)
1833:. Board of Trustees of the Carnegie Institute: Holland, W.J.
1655:. Freshwater Ecoregions of the World. Retrieved 24 May 2014.
1601:"A brief history of Dutch forts in Guyana History This Week"
1214:, geodesy and mapping was Prof. Dr. Martin Oczipka from the
1173:. The primary purpose of the expedition was filming for the
435:(Period: 1971–2000)617.6 m/s (21,810 cu ft/s)
330:(Period: 1965–1998)1,850 m/s (65,000 cu ft/s)
1891:
1174:
1826:
1700:
1036:
The Dutch colonists remained on friendly terms with the
654:, about 44 square kilometres (17 sq mi), and
425:(Basin size: 22,679.1 km (8,756.4 sq mi)
1314:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1128:
Hauling canoe up the headwaters of the Essequibo River
316:(Period: 1979–2015)156.24 km/a (4,951 m/s)
1918:. Madrid: Talleres Tipográficos Raycar S. A., 1968.
1301:
1021:along the lower part of the Essequibo in 1615. The
658:, about 60 square kilometres (23 sq mi).
650:, about 28 square kilometres (11 sq mi),
1830:Annals of the Carnegie Museum Volume VI. 1909-1910
949:The first European discovery was by the ships of
615:, the capital city of Guyana. The river features
2273:
1494:
917:found 36–39 species (variation in number due to
1936:Aerial view of the mouth of the Esequibo River.
1816:. Leipzig: Otto Alfred Schomburgk. p. 317.
1495:Schipper, Jan; Teunissen, Pieter; Lim, Burton,
1261:GPS co-ordinates: N1° 24.5243' , W59° 16.5107'
1205:The Expedition team at the source of Sipu river
619:, Pot Falls, Kumaka Falls, and Waraputa Falls.
1469:(in French). en la oficina de Don Benito Cano.
1956:
1858:The geology of Southern Guyana, South America
1250:In 2018, with the support of the First Lady,
535:
1663:
1661:
1598:
1384:Guyana Mangrove-Seawall Engineering Guidance
1272:This expedition lasted a total of 10 weeks.
1040:peoples of the area, establishing riverside
1847:, Vol. 138, Part 1, pp 41-52, map 1:700,00.
1394:
1963:
1949:
1809:
1197:Leaving Gunns to the unexplored wilderness
396:8,010 m/s (283,000 cu ft/s)
1730:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1701:Quinn, J.A.; S.L. Woodward, eds. (2015).
1685:
1658:
1573:"Ornamental Garden Plants of the Guianas"
1444:
1065:Mallet-Prevost of New York City law firm
1001:. The next year Kemys, in command of the
1414:
1232:
1224:
1200:
1192:
1144:
1123:
1067:Curtis, Mallet-Prevost, Colt & Mosle
564:into the Atlantic Ocean. It has a total
1445:Navarrete, MartĂn Fernández de (1829).
674:is an eco-tourism island in the river.
14:
2274:
1719:
1349:
1229:close to the source area of Sipu river
1222:settling in the very south of Guyana.
1216:University of Applied Sciences Dresden
386:145 m/s (5,100 cu ft/s)
1944:
1462:
682:The main tributaries from the mouth:
2254:
1516:
1440:
1438:
928:During floods the headwaters of the
544:, and the largest river between the
1810:Schomburgk, Robert Hermann (1841).
1782:"Cyanide spill taints water source"
1643:
63:Map of the Essequibo drainage basin
24:
1770:(in Spanish). Imprenta Real. 1829.
993:, serving as second-in-command of
25:
2298:
1926:
1744:. 28 February 2017. p. 566.
1463:Rojas, Juan Fernández de (1828).
1435:
622:Its many tributaries include the
2253:
2242:
2241:
1972:
1873:. Self published, 67 p., 2 maps.
1479:
1353:Biogeochemistry of Inland Waters
57:
42:
1885:
1876:
1863:
1850:
1837:
1820:
1803:
1774:
1758:
1694:
1618:
1592:
1565:
1540:
1510:
1488:
1421:. Fondo Editorial Humanidades.
1350:Likens, Gene E. (20 May 2010).
1073:
1051:
1008:
984:
944:
1473:
1456:
1408:
1093:
921:), of which 13–25% still were
677:
179: • coordinates
114: • coordinates
13:
1:
1294:
1254:, a group consisting of five
84:Physical characteristics
1705:. Vol. 1. p. 142.
1452:(in Spanish). Imprenta real.
582:
218: • elevation
153: • elevation
136:1.417237000°N 58.998299000°W
7:
2260:Rivers of Guyana on Commons
1674:Diversity and Distributions
1282:
1017:in Guyana was built by the
662:is off the eastern side of
587:The river runs through the
418: • location
362: • location
299: • location
256: • location
230:1,014 km (630 mi)
102: • location
10:
2303:
1415:Faustino, Morales (1999).
1105:Royal Geographical Society
1098:
939:
540:) is the largest river in
431: • average
392: • maximum
382: • minimum
372: • average
336: • maximum
326: • minimum
312: • average
273: • average
141:1.417237000; -58.998299000
2248:Rivers of Guyana Category
2237:
1990:
1986:
1649:Hales, J., and P. Petry:
744:
719:
506:
468:
460:
448:
443:
439:
429:
416:
408:
404:
400:
390:
380:
370:
360:
352:
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297:
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234:
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216:
177:
165:
161:
151:
112:
100:
92:
88:
83:
73:
68:
56:
41:
32:
1979:River systems and rivers
900:
508: • right
157:250 m (820 ft)
1245:
1188:
1140:
1119:
1111:
530:; originally called by
470: • left
48:The Essequibo River in
1869:Berrangé, J. P. 2015,
1856:Berrangé, J. P. 1977.
1320:"Atlantic North Coast"
1238:
1230:
1206:
1198:
1150:
1129:
909:, including almost 60
536:
527:
1580:naturalhistory.si.edu
1236:
1228:
1204:
1196:
1148:
1127:
589:Guianan moist forests
27:Major river in Guyana
1845:Geographical Journal
1630:Kaieteur News Online
959:Christopher Columbus
558:Brazil–Guyana border
222:0 ft (0 m)
1904:The express article
1896:Sidetracked article
1786:Santa Cruz Sentinel
1742:Springer Publishing
1078:In August 1995, at
1015:European settlement
444:Basin features
197: /
132: /
1892:Expedition website
1605:Land of Six People
1599:Lloyd Kandasammy.
1356:. Academic Press.
1239:
1231:
1220:Wai-Wai-Amerindian
1207:
1199:
1179:The World About Us
1151:
1137:river at Apoteri.
1130:
955:Don Diego Columbus
712:Average discharge
2269:
2268:
2233:
2232:
2100:Kassikaityu River
2030:Burro-Burro River
1900:The times article
1751:978-1-349-68398-7
1712:978-1-61069-445-2
1687:10.1111/ddi.12127
1533:978-92-807-3531-4
1517:UNEP (Jan 2016).
1482:Caribbean Studies
1363:978-0-12-381997-0
1103:Sponsored by the
898:
897:
516:
515:
16:(Redirected from
2294:
2287:Rivers of Guyana
2257:
2256:
2245:
2244:
2045:Courantyne River
1988:
1987:
1977:
1976:
1965:
1958:
1951:
1942:
1941:
1934:
1907:
1889:
1883:
1880:
1874:
1867:
1861:
1854:
1848:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1797:
1790:Associated Press
1778:
1772:
1771:
1762:
1756:
1755:
1740:(153 ed.).
1732:
1717:
1716:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1665:
1656:
1647:
1641:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1622:
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1613:
1611:
1596:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1586:
1577:
1569:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1559:
1550:. Archived from
1544:
1538:
1537:
1525:
1514:
1508:
1507:
1506:
1505:
1492:
1486:
1485:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1460:
1454:
1453:
1442:
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1412:
1406:
1405:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1379:
1368:
1367:
1347:
1341:
1340:
1338:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1316:
1183:Cushioncraft CC7
963:Amerigo Vespucci
951:Juan de Esquivel
685:
684:
554:Acarai Mountains
552:. Rising in the
539:
509:
471:
453:
432:
419:
393:
383:
373:
363:
337:
327:
313:
300:
274:
257:
212:
211:
209:
208:
207:
202:
201:7.033°N 58.450°W
198:
195:
194:
193:
190:
154:
147:
146:
144:
143:
142:
137:
133:
130:
129:
128:
125:
115:
107:Acarai Mountains
103:
61:
46:
30:
29:
21:
2302:
2301:
2297:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2292:
2291:
2282:Essequibo River
2272:
2271:
2270:
2265:
2229:
2145:Mahaicony River
2115:Kuribrong River
2110:Konawaruk River
2070:Essequibo River
1982:
1971:
1969:
1932:
1929:
1911:
1910:
1890:
1886:
1881:
1877:
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520:Essequibo River
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2205:Siparuni River
2202:
2200:Rupununi River
2197:
2192:
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2182:
2180:Pomeroon River
2177:
2175:Oronoque River
2172:
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2157:
2152:
2150:Mazaruni River
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2130:Kuyuwini River
2127:
2122:
2120:Kurupung River
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2095:Kamarang River
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2075:Haianari Creek
2072:
2067:
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2057:
2055:Demerara River
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2040:Coeroeni River
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2027:
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2007:
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2000:Akaiwang River
1997:
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1927:External links
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1402:"River Basins"
1393:
1369:
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1339:. 18 Jun 1998.
1325:
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1275:Team members:
1252:Sandra Granger
1247:
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991:Lawrence Kemys
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2220:Wakapau River
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2140:Mahaica River
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2135:Kwitaro River
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2060:Ekereku River
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2018:
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1554:on 2012-02-18
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124:1°25′2.0532″N
117:
111:
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87:
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79:
76:
72:
67:
60:
55:
51:
45:
40:
31:
19:
2258:
2246:
2225:Wenamu River
2210:Takutu River
2190:Puruni River
2185:Potaro River
2165:Moruka River
2160:Merume River
2125:Kutari River
2105:Koatse River
2069:
2050:CuyunĂ River
2020:Barima River
2015:Barama River
1933:(in Spanish)
1915:
1887:
1878:
1870:
1865:
1857:
1852:
1844:
1839:
1829:
1822:
1812:
1805:
1794:. Retrieved
1792:. 1995-08-23
1785:
1776:
1766:
1760:
1735:
1702:
1696:
1677:
1673:
1650:
1645:
1633:. Retrieved
1629:
1620:
1608:. Retrieved
1604:
1594:
1583:. Retrieved
1579:
1567:
1556:. Retrieved
1552:the original
1542:
1519:
1512:
1502:, retrieved
1497:
1490:
1481:
1475:
1465:
1458:
1447:
1417:
1410:
1396:
1383:
1352:
1345:
1328:
1274:
1271:
1263:
1260:
1249:
1240:
1208:
1163:Amazon River
1152:
1131:
1115:
1102:
1077:
1074:20th century
1058:
1055:
1052:19th century
1044:and tobacco
1035:
1023:Dutch colony
1012:
1009:17th century
1002:
988:
985:16th century
974:
973:which means
970:
953:, deputy of
948:
945:15th century
934:Amazon basin
930:Branco River
927:
904:
735:
730:
725:
720:
713:
707:
701:
695:
689:
681:
672:Sloth Island
621:
617:Murrays Fall
605:Potaro River
586:
570:
528:RĂo Esequibo
519:
517:
451:River system
317:
267:(near mouth)
36:RĂo Esequibo
2215:Waini River
2155:Meamu River
2080:Ireng River
2065:Eping River
2035:Canje River
2010:Arnik River
1995:Abary River
1635:12 December
1610:26 November
1289:Rappu Falls
1094:Expeditions
1046:plantations
999:Lake Parime
975:Sweet River
971:"Rio Dulce"
923:undescribed
854:Kassikaityu
706:Basin size
678:Tributaries
664:Hogg Island
660:Fort Island
656:Hogg Island
476:Kassikaityu
461:Tributaries
204: /
139: /
2276:Categories
2195:Rewa River
2090:Kako River
1796:2020-12-19
1680:(1): 1–7.
1585:2021-01-01
1558:2012-01-20
1504:2017-04-03
1295:References
1171:Georgetown
1161:where the
1013:The first
696:tributary
690:tributary
626:, Potaro,
613:Georgetown
597:waterfalls
502:, Supenaam
235:Basin size
2170:Oko River
1981:of Guyana
1652:Essequibo
1548:"Natural"
1080:Omai mine
1062:Venezuela
1042:sugarcane
1027:Essequibo
957:, son of
829:23,684.3
790:Konawaruk
742:Supenaam
721:Essequibo
640:Konawaruk
583:Geography
556:near the
537:RĂo Dulce
492:Konawaruk
409:Discharge
353:Discharge
290:Discharge
247:Discharge
1283:See also
1177:series "
1135:Rupununi
989:In 1596
919:taxonomy
911:endemics
891:1,720.4
861:3,668.5
845:4,391.2
838:Kuyuwini
822:Rupununi
813:6,762.4
806:Siparuni
781:6,842.4
768:2,719.1
749:1,041.9
652:Wakenaam
636:Kuyuwini
632:Siparuni
628:Mazaruni
624:Rupununi
512:Chodikar
488:Siparuni
484:Rupununi
480:Kuyuwini
69:Location
1390:. 2022.
1267:Macushi
1256:Wai-wai
1099:1837-38
1088:cyanide
1084:Cambior
1003:Darling
979:Spanish
940:History
765:85,209
731:156,828
700:Length
609:estuary
603:on the
599:(e.g.,
573:British
562:savanna
546:Orinoco
524:Spanish
474:Kamoa,
423:Apoteri
304:Bartica
192:58°27′W
74:Country
1748:
1709:
1530:
1449:Indias
1425:
1360:
1167:Guyana
1159:Brazil
1155:Manaus
875:923.1
869:Kamoa
864:109.1
848:123.4
832:537.7
816:256.3
797:873.5
774:Potaro
758:Cuyuni
714:(m/s)
694:Right
648:Leguan
644:Cuyuni
593:rapids
550:Amazon
542:Guyana
500:Cuyuni
496:Potaro
464:
412:
356:
293:
265:Guyana
250:
227:Length
189:7°02′N
96:
93:Source
78:Guyana
50:Guyana
1922:1909.
1576:(PDF)
1524:(PDF)
1388:(PDF)
1337:(PDF)
1019:Dutch
907:basin
901:Fauna
885:Sipu
878:27.4
800:57.1
752:31.6
736:5,600
726:1,014
708:(km)
702:(km)
688:Left
167:Mouth
1746:ISBN
1707:ISBN
1637:2021
1612:2021
1528:ISBN
1423:ISBN
1358:ISBN
1246:2018
1189:2013
1141:1971
1120:1969
1112:1908
965:and
842:185
826:315
810:127
784:521
778:255
762:618
642:and
595:and
548:and
518:The
1902:.
1682:doi
1175:BBC
1157:in
1025:of
977:in
894:51
888:57
872:69
858:95
794:97
2278::
1898:.
1894:.
1788:.
1784:.
1721:^
1678:20
1676:.
1672:.
1660:^
1628:.
1603:.
1578:.
1526:.
1437:^
1372:^
1303:^
1048:.
1033:.
981:.
666:.
638:,
634:,
630:,
579:.
534:;
526::
498:,
494:,
490:,
486:,
482:,
478:,
263:,
1964:e
1957:t
1950:v
1906:.
1799:.
1754:.
1715:.
1690:.
1684::
1639:.
1614:.
1588:.
1561:.
1536:.
1484:.
1431:.
1404:.
1366:.
1322:.
1265:(
522:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
