60:
71:
41:
215:
190:
since the 19th century. Ethiopia and Sudan share a long boundary of 744 km (462 mi) in length. Though it was not acceptable by the
Ethiopian Empire, the Ethio-Sudan colonial border is not clear since it mainly relies on natural landmarks such as mountains, trees, and rivers.
226:
sent a letter to
European heads of state which defined the actual boundaries of his empire as well as what he considered his area of influence. The letter stated that the northwestern border of
751:
359:
failed to settle the question of the Baro salient or make arrangements to stop banditry and establish peaceful coexistence among the pastoral people". The
303:, Sudan achieved independence from British colonial rule. However, peace was not achieved, since the Government of Sudan supported the armed groups, the
576:
550:
Teshome, W . (2009). COLONIAL BOUNDARIES OF AFRICA: THE CASE OF ETHIOPIA’S BOUNDARY WITH SUDAN. Ege
Academic Review, 9 (1), 337–367. Retrieved from
562:
Mburu, Nene (22 March 2003): "Delimitation of the
Elastic Ilemi Triangle: Pastoral conflicts and official Indifference in the Horn of Africa".
622:
40:
703:
239:
721:
463:
363:"fell short of a viable long-term solution inasmuch as it did not redefine where the boundary should run over the Baro salient".
308:
418:"Impacts of Border in Borderland Conflict along the Ethio-Sudan Border: Evidence from Metema Woreda, North-Western Ethiopia"
777:
489:
351:
In 1972 Sudan and
Ethiopia exchanged notes concerning their boundary problems. However, "an exchange of notes between
615:
473:
333:
665:
266:
772:
696:
660:
277:
132:
640:
608:
360:
345:
142:
655:
645:
311:, along the Ethiopia–Sudan border that fought against Haile Selassie's government. Following this, the
689:
650:
304:
736:
341:
326:
172:
746:
731:
726:
8:
551:
367:
195:
526:
518:
507:"Antecedents to the Sudan-Ethiopia Border Negotiations and the Agreement of May 1902"
469:
417:
250:. Menelik announced his intention to restore his old borders, which extended west to
276:, there was no clear border demarcation between Ethiopia and Sudan. But in the 1902
293:
247:
163:
437:
289:
155:
203:
300:
281:
273:
262:
766:
522:
285:
255:
199:
393:
Bulletin of the School of
Oriental and African Studies, University of London
422:
235:
337:
316:
312:
231:
530:
506:
315:
government of
Ethiopia felt obligated to support the rebel movement in
223:
600:
400:
243:
227:
194:
One of the most disputed areas is the fertile agricultural region of
366:
On 15 December 2020 a controversial border dispute caused a violent
681:
438:"Viewpoint: Why Ethiopia and Sudan have fallen out over al-Fashaga"
352:
251:
183:
64:
321:
230:
extends from the city of Tomat, located at the confluence of the
577:"Sudan: Ethiopian forces killed troops in cross-border attack"
356:
187:
75:
269:'s expedition in 1897 to discuss some issues with Menelik.
214:
391:
Ullendorff, Edward. "The Anglo-Ethiopian Treaty of 1902."
265:, and the British government only learned of it during
552:
https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/eab/issue/39855/472609
177:
261:It appears that Menelik's circular did not reach
124:Failed to settle the question of the Baro salient
764:
280:, while Sudan was still under British rule, the
218:Southeastern delimitation of the border in 1907
206:while Sudan claims the border is further east.
272:When Sudan was under the colonial rule of the
697:
616:
299:In 1956, when Ethiopia was under the rule of
198:, where Ethiopia claims the land up to the
704:
690:
623:
609:
340:rebels and Sudan. This put an end to the
329:which took place between 1955 and 1972.
213:
630:
765:
415:
332:On 17 February 1972 Ethiopia hosted a
685:
604:
395:, vol. 30, no. 3, 1967, pp. 641–654.
711:
546:
544:
542:
540:
411:
409:
387:
385:
383:
222:On 15 April 1891, Ethiopian Emperor
504:
284:demarcated a border by the help of
182:) is a disputed border between the
159:
13:
416:Eyilet, Temesgen (February 2020).
309:Eritrean People's Liberation Front
122:1972 (Ethiopia-Sudan negotiations)
14:
789:
537:
406:
380:
361:1972 Ethiopia-Sudan negotiations
143:1972 Ethiopia–Sudan negotiations
87:Ethiopia–Sudan border since 2011
69:
58:
39:
511:Transafrican Journal of History
334:peace conference in Addis Ababa
34:Ethiopia-Sudan border relations
569:
556:
498:
482:
456:
430:
292:, without the presence of the
133:Anglo-Ethiopian Treaty of 1902
1:
373:
184:Federal Republic of Ethiopia
101:744 kilometres (462 mi)
7:
401:www.jstor.org/stable/612393
178:
10:
794:
209:
160:الحدود الإثيوبية السودانية
717:
636:
564:African Studies Quarterly
305:Eritrean Liberation Front
167:
138:
128:
118:
110:
105:
97:
92:
81:
68:
57:
47:
38:
28:
23:
722:Central African Republic
403:. Accessed 15 Jan. 2021.
370:in the al-Fashaga area.
342:First Sudanese Civil War
179:ye’ītiyo sudani diniberi
344:and reestablished good
278:Anglo-Ethiopian Treaty
219:
778:Ethiopia–Sudan border
773:International borders
468:. R. Collings. 1985.
217:
188:Republic of the Sudan
152:Ethiopia–Sudan border
114:1902 (British empire)
24:Ethiopia–Sudan border
16:International border
631:Borders of Ethiopia
505:Ram, K. V. (1981).
248:Al Qadarif district
246:, and includes the
35:
30:Bilateral relations
325:. This caused the
220:
33:
760:
759:
679:
678:
491:Ethiopia Observer
176:
148:
147:
85:
84:
785:
712:Borders of Sudan
706:
699:
692:
683:
682:
625:
618:
611:
602:
601:
592:
591:
589:
587:
573:
567:
560:
554:
548:
535:
534:
502:
496:
495:
486:
480:
479:
460:
454:
453:
451:
449:
444:. 3 January 2021
434:
428:
427:
413:
404:
389:
294:Ethiopian Empire
181:
171:
169:
161:
73:
72:
62:
61:
43:
36:
32:
21:
20:
793:
792:
788:
787:
786:
784:
783:
782:
763:
762:
761:
756:
713:
710:
680:
675:
632:
629:
598:
596:
595:
585:
583:
575:
574:
570:
561:
557:
549:
538:
503:
499:
488:
487:
483:
476:
465:The Evaded Duty
462:
461:
457:
447:
445:
436:
435:
431:
414:
407:
390:
381:
376:
327:first civil war
212:
123:
93:Characteristics
88:
74:
70:
63:
59:
31:
17:
12:
11:
5:
791:
781:
780:
775:
758:
757:
755:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
718:
715:
714:
709:
708:
701:
694:
686:
677:
676:
674:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
637:
634:
633:
628:
627:
620:
613:
605:
594:
593:
568:
555:
536:
517:(1/2): 45–60.
497:
481:
474:
455:
429:
405:
378:
377:
375:
372:
338:South Sudanese
301:Haile Selassie
290:royal engineer
282:British Empire
274:British Empire
263:Queen Victoria
211:
208:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
120:
119:Disestablished
116:
115:
112:
108:
107:
103:
102:
99:
95:
94:
90:
89:
86:
83:
82:
79:
78:
67:
55:
54:
52:
49:
48:
45:
44:
29:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
790:
779:
776:
774:
771:
770:
768:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
719:
716:
707:
702:
700:
695:
693:
688:
687:
684:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
647:
644:
642:
639:
638:
635:
626:
621:
619:
614:
612:
607:
606:
603:
599:
582:
578:
572:
565:
559:
553:
547:
545:
543:
541:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
501:
493:
492:
485:
477:
475:9780860362098
471:
467:
466:
459:
443:
439:
433:
425:
424:
419:
412:
410:
402:
398:
394:
388:
386:
384:
379:
371:
369:
364:
362:
358:
354:
349:
347:
343:
339:
335:
330:
328:
324:
323:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
297:
295:
291:
287:
286:Charles Gwynn
283:
279:
275:
270:
268:
264:
259:
257:
256:Lake Victoria
254:and south to
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
216:
207:
205:
201:
197:
192:
189:
185:
180:
174:
168:የኢትዮ ሱዳን ድንበር
165:
157:
153:
144:
141:
137:
134:
131:
127:
121:
117:
113:
109:
104:
100:
96:
91:
80:
77:
66:
56:
53:
51:
50:
46:
42:
37:
27:
22:
19:
741:
670:
597:
584:. Retrieved
580:
571:
563:
558:
514:
510:
500:
490:
484:
464:
458:
446:. Retrieved
441:
432:
423:ResearchGate
421:
396:
392:
368:border clash
365:
350:
331:
320:
298:
271:
267:Rennell Rodd
260:
221:
204:Tekezé River
193:
151:
149:
18:
752:South Sudan
666:South Sudan
448:23 February
317:South Sudan
238:Rivers, to
111:Established
767:Categories
661:Somaliland
586:15 January
374:References
336:, between
288:, British
224:Menelik II
196:al-Fashaga
523:0251-0391
346:relations
319:known as
244:Blue Nile
228:Abyssinia
173:romanized
742:Ethiopia
641:Djibouti
581:ABC News
566:, vol. 7
531:24328587
442:BBC News
353:Ethiopia
322:Anya Nya
313:Imperial
252:Khartoum
240:Karakouj
186:and the
129:Treaties
65:Ethiopia
737:Eritrea
656:Somalia
646:Eritrea
494:. 1956.
242:on the
210:History
200:Atbarah
175::
164:Amharic
106:History
529:
521:
472:
236:Atbara
156:Arabic
98:Length
747:Libya
732:Egypt
671:Sudan
651:Kenya
527:JSTOR
397:JSTOR
357:Sudan
232:Setit
139:Notes
76:Sudan
727:Chad
588:2021
519:ISSN
470:ISBN
450:2021
355:and
307:and
234:and
202:and
150:The
769::
579:.
539:^
525:.
515:10
513:.
509:.
440:.
420:.
408:^
399:,
382:^
348:.
296:.
258:.
170:,
166::
162:;
158::
705:e
698:t
691:v
624:e
617:t
610:v
590:.
533:.
478:.
452:.
426:.
154:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.png)
