64:
The standard routine immunization schedule for infants in the
Philippines is adopted to provide maximum immunity against the seven vaccine preventable diseases in the country before the child's first birthday. The fully immunized child must have completed BCG 1, DPT 1, DPT 2, DPT 3, OPV 1, OPV 2, OPV
499:
A "first expiry and first out" (FEFO) vaccine system is practiced to assure that all vaccines are utilized before its expiry date. Proper arrangement of vaccines and/or labeling of expiry dates are done to identify those close to expiring. Vaccine temperature is monitored twice a day (early in the
321:
There are very few true contraindication and precaution conditions. Only two of these conditions are generally considered to be permanent: severe (anaphylactic) allergic reaction to a vaccine component or following a prior dose of a vaccine, and encephalopathy not due to another identifiable cause
317:
Vaccine combinations (few exceptions), antibiotics, low-dose steroids (less than 20 mg per day), minor infections with low fever (below 38.5Âş Celsius), diarrhea, malnutrition, kidney or liver disease, heart or lung disease, non-progressive encephalopathy, well controlled epilepsy or advanced
310:
Because measles kills, every infant needs to be vaccinated against measles at the age of 9 months or as soon as possible after 9 months as part of the routine infant vaccination schedule. It is safe to vaccinate a sick child who is suffering from a minor illness (cough, cold, diarrhea, fever or
495:
To ensure the optimal potency of vaccines,a careful attention is needed in handling practices at the country level. These include storage and transport of vaccines from the primary vaccine store down to the end-user at the health facility, and further down at the outreach sites. Inappropriate
504:. Each level of health facilities has cold chain equipment for use in the storage vaccines which included cold room, freezer, refrigerator, transport box, vaccine carriers, thermometers, cold chain monitors, ice packs, temperature monitoring chart and safety collector boxes.
486:
In June 2000, the 57 countries that have not yet achieved elimination of neonatal tetanus were ranked and the
Philippines was listed together with 22 other countries in Class A, a classification for countries close to maternal and neonatal tetanus elimination.
329:
The only way to be completely safe from exposure to blood-borne diseases from injections, particularly hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is to use one sterile needle, one sterile syringe for each
325:
Only the diluent supplied by the manufacturer should be used to reconstitute a freeze-dried vaccine. A sterile needle and sterile syringe must be used for each vial for adding the diluent to the powder in a single vial or ampoule of freeze-dried
531:
56:
Every
Wednesday is designated as immunization day and is adopted in all parts of the country. Immunization is done monthly in barangay health stations, quarterly in remote areas of the country.
339:
When given to women of childbearing age, vaccines that contain tetanus toxoid (TT or Td) not only protect women against tetanus, but also prevent neonatal tetanus in their newborn infants.
314:
If the vaccination schedule is interrupted, it is not necessary to restart. Instead, the schedule should be resumed using minimal intervals between doses to catch up as quickly as possible.
318:
age, are not contraindications to vaccination. Contrary to what the majority of doctors may think, vaccines against hepatitis B and tetanus can be applied in any period of the pregnancy.
1230:
1284:
993:
558:
521:
964:
1058:
1160:
835:"Universal hepatitis B vaccination in Taiwan and the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in children. Taiwan Childhood Hepatoma Study Group"
804:
1127:
605:
945:
1191:
883:
640:
1022:
134:
BCG given at earliest possible age protects the possibility of TB meningitis and other TB infections in which infants are prone
1279:
1098:
714:"Public Health Dispatch: Acute Flaccid Paralysis Associated with Circulating Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus --- Philippines, 2001"
217:
589:
252:
Prevents liver cirrhosis and liver cancer which are more likely to develop if infected with
Hepatitis B early in life.
177:
526:
553:
833:
Chang, MH; C.J. Chen; M.S. Lai; H.M. Hsu; T.C. Wu; M.S. Kong; D.C. Liang; W.Y. Shau; D.S. Chen (1997-06-26).
496:
storage, handling and transport of vaccines won't protect patients and may lead to needless vaccine wastage.
34:. And, in 1986, made a response to the Universal Child Immunization goal. The four major strategies include:
1001:
101:
38:
sustaining high routine Full
Immunized Child (FIC) coverage of at least 90% in all provinces and cities;
1073:
918:
Orenstein, WA; L.E. Markowitz; W.L. Atkinson; A.R. Hinman (May 1994). "Worldwide measles prevention".
1202:
1135:
1069:
1167:
250:
An early start of
Hepatitis B vaccine reduces the chance of being infected and becoming a carrier.
972:
1139:
812:
613:
584:. Manila, Philippines: National League of Philippine Government Nurses, Inc. 2007. p. 141.
254:
About 9,000 died of complications of
Hepatitis B. 10% of Filipinos have Hepatitis B infection
949:
775:
1274:
1206:
500:
morning and in the afternoon) in all health facilities and plotted to monitor break in the
894:
8:
1030:
Epidemiology & Prevention of
Vaccine-Preventable Diseases--The Pink Book 10th Edition
713:
1106:
1033:
864:
664:
635:
758:
927:
856:
780:
725:
669:
585:
868:
846:
770:
659:
649:
210:
The extent of protection against polio is increased the earlier the OPV is given.
31:
754:
259:
851:
834:
711:
917:
750:
65:
3, HB 1, HB 2, HB 3 and measles vaccines before the child is 12 months of age.
1268:
654:
784:
729:
673:
636:"Protective effect of neonatal BCG vaccines against tuberculous meningitis"
931:
860:
139:
27:
1032:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2007-02-14. Archived from
634:
Puvacic, S.; Dizdarević, J; Santić, Z; Mulaomerović, M (February 2004).
501:
1056:
304:
298:
At least 85% of measles can be prevented by immunization at this age.
30:
began in 1976 through
Presidential Decree No. 996 signed by President
687:
633:
450:
infants born to the mother will be protected from neonatal tetanus
425:
infants born to the mother will be protected from neonatal tetanus
400:
infants born to the mother will be protected from neonatal tetanus
965:"Practice Guidelines - The 2000 Harmonized Immunization Schedule"
334:
311:
malnutrition) or who has already been vaccinated against measles.
172:
An early start with DPT reduces the chance of severe pertussis.
1257:. Manila, Philippines: Department of Health, Philippines. 1995.
748:
712:
Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2001-10-12).
832:
606:"Six Out of Ten Children 12 to 23 Months Are Fully Immunized"
610:
Final Results from the 2002 Maternal and Child Health Survey
59:
1223:
247:
Upper outer portion of the thigh, Vastus Lateralis (R-L-R)
169:
Upper outer portion of the thigh, Vastus Lateralis (L-R-L)
41:
sustaining the polio-free country for global certification;
811:. The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Archived from
753:; L.M. Huang; H.L. Chen; H.Y. Hsu; T.Y. Chiu; K.S. Tsai;
724:(40). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: 874–5.
1057:
Department of Vaccines and Biologicals (December 2000).
612:. National Statistics Office. 2003-06-02. Archived from
559:
Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines
305:
General Principles in Infants/Children Immunization
51:
759:"Effects of Universal Vaccination for Hepatitis B"
160:6 weeks(DPT 1), 10 weeks (DPT 2), 14 weeks (DPT 3)
478:all infants born to that mother will be protected
322:occurring within 7 days of pertussis vaccination.
1285:Establishments by Philippine presidential decree
1266:
378:protection for the mother for the first delivery
1000:. Portal de SaĂşde PĂşblica. 1997. Archived from
911:
826:
627:
295:Upper outer portion of the arms, Right deltoid
335:Tetanus Toxoid Immunization Schedule for Women
1236:. British Columbia Center for Disease Control
1184:
805:"A Look at Each Vaccine: Hepatitis B Vaccine"
1023:"General Recommendations on Immunizations"
994:"Management of the Traveler: Vaccination"
962:
850:
774:
663:
653:
641:Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
475:gives lifetime protection for the mother
60:Routine Immunization Schedule for Infants
582:Public Health Nursing in the Philippines
490:
453:gives 10 years protection for the mother
1255:Expanded Program on Immunization Manual
1166:. UNICEF. November 2000. Archived from
881:
776:10.7326/0003-4819-135-9-200111060-00005
428:gives 5 years protection for the mother
403:gives 3 years protection for the mother
1267:
1199:Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals
1132:Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals
963:Zimmerman, Richard Kent (2000-01-01).
554:"Presidential Decree No. 996, s. 1976"
1192:"Temperature Sensitivity of Vaccines"
718:Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
47:eliminating neonatal tetanus by 2008.
1096:
140:Diphtheria-Pertussis-Tetanus Vaccine
884:"Cancer Preventable Says US Doctor"
839:The New England Journal of Medicine
13:
1059:"WHO Recommendations for Diluents"
920:Israel Journal of Medical Sciences
522:"Expanded Program on Immunization"
212:Keeps the Philippines polio-free.
14:
1296:
1099:"Immunization: Injection Safety"
882:Salazar, Tessa R. (2004-05-24).
131:Right deltoid region of the arm
52:Routine Schedule of Immunization
44:eliminating measles by 2008; and
21:Expanded Program on Immunization
1247:
1161:"Maternal and Neonatal Tetanus"
1153:
1120:
1090:
1066:Vaccines and Biologicals Update
1050:
1015:
986:
956:
938:
875:
87:Minimum Interval Between Doses
16:Childhood immunization schedule
797:
742:
705:
680:
598:
574:
546:
514:
1:
1280:Healthcare in the Philippines
1205:. August 2006. Archived from
891:The Philippine Daily Inquirer
507:
692:Dialogue on Diarrhoea Online
107:Birth or anytime after birth
7:
1231:"Handle Vaccines with Care"
1072:. p. 3. Archived from
852:10.1056/NEJM199706263362602
763:Annals of Internal Medicine
10:
1301:
1203:World Health Organization
1136:World Health Organization
1070:World Health Organization
969:American Family Physician
1105:. UNICEF. Archived from
809:Vaccine Education Center
655:10.17305/bjbms.2004.3460
415:At least 6 months later
102:Bacillus Calmette-Guérin
1128:"Tetanus - The Disease"
390:At least 4 weeks later
358:Duration of Protection
465:At least 1 year later
440:At least 1 year later
1103:UNICEF Expert Opinion
491:Care for the Vaccines
562:. September 16, 1976
527:Department of Health
946:"Measles (Catch Up"
534:on 21 February 2024
218:Hepatitis B Vaccine
1097:Hoekstra, Edward.
368:At 20th weeks AOG
178:Oral Polio Vaccine
1142:on March 22, 2006
845:(26): 1855–1859.
591:978-971-91593-2-2
484:
483:
302:
301:
1292:
1259:
1258:
1251:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1241:
1235:
1227:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1217:
1211:
1196:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1178:
1172:
1165:
1157:
1151:
1150:
1148:
1147:
1138:. Archived from
1124:
1118:
1117:
1115:
1114:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1085:
1084:
1078:
1063:
1054:
1048:
1047:
1045:
1044:
1038:
1027:
1019:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1009:
990:
984:
983:
981:
980:
971:. Archived from
960:
954:
953:
948:. Archived from
942:
936:
935:
915:
909:
908:
906:
905:
899:
893:. Archived from
888:
879:
873:
872:
854:
830:
824:
823:
821:
820:
801:
795:
794:
792:
791:
778:
746:
740:
739:
737:
736:
709:
703:
702:
700:
699:
684:
678:
677:
667:
657:
631:
625:
624:
622:
621:
602:
596:
595:
578:
572:
571:
569:
567:
550:
544:
543:
541:
539:
530:. Archived from
518:
342:
341:
238:4 weeks interval
68:
67:
32:Ferdinand Marcos
1300:
1299:
1295:
1294:
1293:
1291:
1290:
1289:
1265:
1264:
1263:
1262:
1253:
1252:
1248:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1194:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1154:
1145:
1143:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1112:
1110:
1095:
1091:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1061:
1055:
1051:
1042:
1040:
1036:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1007:
1005:
998:Travel Medicine
992:
991:
987:
978:
976:
961:
957:
944:
943:
939:
926:(5–6): 469–81.
916:
912:
903:
901:
897:
886:
880:
876:
831:
827:
818:
816:
803:
802:
798:
789:
787:
747:
743:
734:
732:
710:
706:
697:
695:
694:(30): 1–6. 1987
686:
685:
681:
632:
628:
619:
617:
604:
603:
599:
592:
580:
579:
575:
565:
563:
552:
551:
547:
537:
535:
520:
519:
515:
510:
493:
470:
462:
445:
437:
420:
412:
395:
387:
373:
365:
354:
349:
337:
307:
292:
287:
282:
277:
272:
262:
260:Measles Vaccine
253:
251:
244:
239:
234:
229:
224:
211:
204:
199:
194:
189:
184:
166:
161:
156:
151:
146:
128:
123:
118:
113:
108:
80:
75:
62:
54:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1298:
1288:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1261:
1260:
1246:
1222:
1183:
1152:
1119:
1089:
1049:
1014:
985:
955:
952:on 2007-04-15.
937:
910:
874:
825:
796:
769:(9): 796–800.
757:(2001-11-06).
741:
704:
688:"Immunisation"
679:
626:
597:
590:
573:
545:
512:
511:
509:
506:
492:
489:
482:
481:
480:
479:
476:
471:
468:
466:
463:
460:
457:
456:
455:
454:
451:
446:
443:
441:
438:
435:
432:
431:
430:
429:
426:
421:
418:
416:
413:
410:
407:
406:
405:
404:
401:
396:
393:
391:
388:
385:
382:
381:
380:
379:
374:
371:
369:
366:
363:
360:
359:
356:
351:
346:
336:
333:
332:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
312:
306:
303:
300:
299:
296:
293:
290:
288:
285:
283:
280:
278:
275:
273:
270:
268:
256:
255:
248:
245:
242:
240:
237:
235:
232:
230:
227:
225:
222:
220:
214:
213:
208:
205:
202:
200:
197:
195:
192:
190:
187:
185:
182:
180:
174:
173:
170:
167:
164:
162:
159:
157:
154:
152:
149:
147:
144:
142:
136:
135:
132:
129:
126:
124:
121:
119:
116:
114:
111:
109:
106:
104:
98:
97:
94:
91:
88:
85:
82:
77:
72:
61:
58:
53:
50:
49:
48:
45:
42:
39:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1297:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1270:
1256:
1250:
1232:
1226:
1212:on 2007-02-19
1208:
1204:
1200:
1193:
1187:
1173:on 2007-01-11
1169:
1162:
1156:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1123:
1109:on 2007-06-13
1108:
1104:
1100:
1093:
1079:on 2007-03-06
1075:
1071:
1067:
1060:
1053:
1039:on 2006-10-22
1035:
1031:
1024:
1018:
1004:on 2007-05-18
1003:
999:
995:
989:
975:on 2004-09-29
974:
970:
966:
959:
951:
947:
941:
933:
929:
925:
921:
914:
900:on 2007-02-21
896:
892:
885:
878:
870:
866:
862:
858:
853:
848:
844:
840:
836:
829:
815:on 2007-06-29
814:
810:
806:
800:
786:
782:
777:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
745:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
708:
693:
689:
683:
675:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
647:
643:
642:
637:
630:
616:on 2007-06-08
615:
611:
607:
601:
593:
587:
583:
577:
561:
560:
555:
549:
533:
529:
528:
523:
517:
513:
505:
503:
497:
488:
477:
474:
473:
472:
467:
464:
459:
458:
452:
449:
448:
447:
442:
439:
434:
433:
427:
424:
423:
422:
417:
414:
409:
408:
402:
399:
398:
397:
392:
389:
384:
383:
377:
376:
375:
370:
367:
362:
361:
357:
352:
350:Age/Interval
347:
344:
343:
340:
328:
324:
320:
316:
313:
309:
308:
297:
294:
289:
284:
279:
274:
269:
267:
266:
261:
258:
257:
249:
246:
243:Intramuscular
241:
236:
231:
226:
221:
219:
216:
215:
209:
206:
201:
196:
191:
186:
181:
179:
176:
175:
171:
168:
165:Intramuscular
163:
158:
153:
148:
143:
141:
138:
137:
133:
130:
125:
120:
115:
110:
105:
103:
100:
99:
95:
92:
89:
86:
83:
78:
73:
70:
69:
66:
57:
46:
43:
40:
37:
36:
35:
33:
29:
25:
22:
1254:
1249:
1238:. Retrieved
1225:
1214:. Retrieved
1207:the original
1198:
1186:
1175:. Retrieved
1168:the original
1155:
1144:. Retrieved
1140:the original
1131:
1122:
1111:. Retrieved
1107:the original
1102:
1092:
1081:. Retrieved
1074:the original
1065:
1052:
1041:. Retrieved
1034:the original
1029:
1017:
1006:. Retrieved
1002:the original
997:
988:
977:. Retrieved
973:the original
968:
958:
950:the original
940:
923:
919:
913:
902:. Retrieved
895:the original
890:
877:
842:
838:
828:
817:. Retrieved
813:the original
808:
799:
788:. Retrieved
766:
762:
744:
733:. Retrieved
721:
717:
707:
696:. Retrieved
691:
682:
645:
639:
629:
618:. Retrieved
614:the original
609:
600:
581:
576:
564:. Retrieved
557:
548:
536:. Retrieved
532:the original
525:
516:
498:
494:
485:
338:
291:Subcutaneous
271:9 months old
264:
263:
76:at 1st Dose
74:Minimum Age
63:
55:
23:
20:
18:
1275:Vaccination
749:Ni, Y. H.;
648:(1): 46–9.
566:21 February
538:21 February
183:6 weeks old
145:6 weeks old
127:Intradermal
28:Philippines
1269:Categories
1240:2007-05-12
1216:2007-05-12
1177:2007-05-12
1146:2007-05-12
1113:2007-05-12
1083:2007-05-12
1043:2007-05-12
1008:2007-05-12
979:2007-05-12
904:2007-05-11
819:2007-05-11
790:2007-05-12
751:M.H. Chang
735:2013-10-31
698:2007-05-11
620:2007-05-11
508:References
502:cold chain
355:Protected
755:D.S. Chen
265:(not MMR)
193:2-3 drops
81:of Doses
869:35206561
785:11694104
730:11666115
674:15628980
348:Minimum
345:Vaccine
326:vaccine.
223:At birth
71:Vaccine
932:8034506
861:9197213
665:7245520
353:Percent
228:3 doses
198:4 weeks
188:3 doses
150:3 doses
117:0.05 mL
96:Reason
79:Number
26:in the
930:
867:
859:
783:
728:
672:
662:
588:
330:child.
281:0.5 mL
276:1 dose
233:0.5 mL
207:Mouth
155:0.5 mL
112:1 dose
90:Route
1234:(PDF)
1210:(PDF)
1195:(PDF)
1171:(PDF)
1164:(PDF)
1077:(PDF)
1062:(PDF)
1037:(PDF)
1026:(PDF)
898:(PDF)
887:(PDF)
865:S2CID
93:Site
84:Dose
24:(EPI)
928:PMID
857:PMID
781:PMID
726:PMID
670:PMID
586:ISBN
568:2024
540:2024
286:none
203:Oral
122:none
19:The
847:doi
843:336
771:doi
767:135
660:PMC
650:doi
469:99%
461:TT5
444:99%
436:TT4
419:95%
411:TT3
394:80%
386:TT2
364:TT1
1271::
1201:.
1197:.
1134:.
1130:.
1101:.
1068:.
1064:.
1028:.
996:.
967:.
924:30
922:.
889:.
863:.
855:.
841:.
837:.
807:.
779:.
765:.
761:.
722:50
720:.
716:.
690:.
668:.
658:.
644:.
638:.
608:.
556:.
524:.
372:0%
1243:.
1219:.
1180:.
1149:.
1116:.
1086:.
1046:.
1011:.
982:.
934:.
907:.
871:.
849::
822:.
793:.
773::
738:.
701:.
676:.
652::
646:4
623:.
594:.
570:.
542:.
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