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The Second
Congress of UNITA was held in 1969, when a programme for FALA was laid down. This included the expansion of the guerrilla war to the central, southern and northern parts of the country and the formation of compact guerrilla contingents for all fronts, zones and military regions existing at
580:
In 1980, the expansion of semi-regular battalions gave new vigour to the armed struggle, leading to the defeat of new territories and the consolidation of those that had already been conquered. More specialists in anti-aircraft artillery, engineering, intelligence, special commandos, communications,
551:
During the civil war, FALA abandoned the towns not only to reorganize itself, but also to oppose the minority regime of Luanda through guerrilla warfare. In May 1976, owing to the turmoil, the
Conference of Cuanza was held, resulting in the Cuanza Manifesto. The latter laid down a programme for FALA
532:
There being little possibility of a peaceful solution to the
Angolan problem, UNITA played a role as a moderator in order to avoid an armed confrontation, triggered on the one hand by the Soviet Union in support of the MPLA and on the other hand by the United States of America, supporting the
573:
The disciplinary code of the FALA was also established. The military regions were restructured and the guerrilla regions expanded. Training camps were established in the same year on all fronts as well as in the politico-military cadres in
Military Region 11. Territorial divisions were also
504:
The number of guerrillas increased with the growing number of UNITA members among the population, thus permitting effective military training. This enabled them to begin the mission of liberating the country from
Portuguese colonialism, as proved by the attacks of 4 and 25 December 1966 on
528:
FALA became very effective, causing the enemy to suffer many defeats, expanding the guerrilla zones and consolidating the liberated areas—a force that the
Portuguese colonialists could not ignore. On 14 June 1974, a ceasefire was signed with the Portuguese government.
569:
Province, the movement's Fourth
Congress was held and outlined further objectives for FALA, such as the formation of the first trained, equipped and motivated battalions, among which the battalions of Sam Nujomo and Kazambuela stood out.
555:
Territorial organization of the army that included fronts and independent military regions now took place. The first politico-military cadres––among them that of Major Jose´ Jeremias Bandua who died in Cunene––were trained.
500:
in 1965, the first military cadres returned to Angola, settled in the eastern part of the country and began the mobilization and recruitment of guerrillas. In this way, the first embryonic contingent of FALA was formed.
584:
In 1982 the Fifth
Congress was held, which drew up a new strategy for FALA, including the formation of military columns and compact guerrilla units at the level of all politico-military fronts.
581:
logistics and medical care were trained. In 1981 the first brigades such as the 12th, 21st, 53rd, 34th and 45th were formed and other battalions were maintained as independent units.
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481:
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respectively. The first military regions were established along with their respective independent zones and operational fronts like
898:
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for the remobilization of the soldiers and cadres, which at that stage were traumatized by the aggressive Soviet war machine.
424:
1421:
1259:
387:
383:
1527:"Nov Southern African State Of Angola Gains Independence From Portugal Photos and Premium High Res Pictures - Getty Images"
1482:"Nov Southern African State Of Angola Gains Independence From Portugal Photos and Premium High Res Pictures - Getty Images"
559:
Compact guerrilla units were formed: Venceremos, Estamos a Voltar (MR1), Dragões da morte (MR3) and FaĂsca negra (MR85).
534:
521:
the time. The Black
Panther contingent was then formed, under the command of Major Samuimbila. The first Chief of Staff,
324:
255:
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By 1977, people were joining UNITA in large numbers and, consequently, the number of guerrillas increased considerably.
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1460:"Truce & Consequences: Angola I - Truce & Consequences: Projects: J.B. Russell - photographer"
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In 1979, the first semi-regular battalions were formed, such as
Samuimbila, Siule Siule and 333.
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179:
172:
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1000:
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8:
548:, violated the Alvor agreement, opting for the seizure of power through the use of arms.
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16:"Armed Forces for the Liberation of Angola" redirects here. For the armed wing of the
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525:, better known by his war name, Kapessi Kafundanga, was also appointed.
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The Normality of Civil War: Armed Groups and Everyday Life in Angola
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designated, thus forming northern, eastern and western fronts.
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1229:. Frankfurt: Campus Verlag GmbH, Publishers. pp. 83–84.
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17:
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973:
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Unknown amount of launchers and 150 missiles delivered
1144:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
482:
National Union for the Total Independence of Angola
1559:People's Armed Forces for the Liberation of Angola
484:(UNITA), a prominent political faction during the
1565:
1279:(2011 ed.). Osprey Publishing. p. 40.
743:10 Launchers and 300 missiles delivered in 1986
27:For the airport assigned ICAO code "FALA", see
1274:
542:People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola
1359:"Welcome to the Air Combat Information Group"
445:
22:People's Armed Forces of Liberation of Angola
565:In March of the same year, at Benda in the
452:
438:
1204:Learn how and when to remove this message
587:
940:Captured from Angolan Government forces
659:Captured from Angolan Government Forces
466:Armed Forces of the Liberation of Angola
1566:
1411:
1249:
474:Forças Armadas de Libertação de Angola
40:Forças Armadas de Libertação de Angola
1584:Military wings of nationalist parties
715:Delivered from United States in 1987
84:Guerrilla and later semi-regular army
1275:Stephen Zaloga (15 September 1996).
1224:
1142:adding citations to reliable sources
1113:
37:Armed Forces of Liberation of Angola
1218:
535:National Liberation Front of Angola
13:
14:
1595:
1118:
1087:
1060:
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1129:needs additional citations for
369:Ministry of External Relations
1430:
1405:
1376:
1351:
1322:
1293:
1268:
1243:
517:, Lewa and the northern zone.
29:Lanseria International Airport
1:
1506:"Unita attack east of Luanda"
1109:
771:About 50 Launchers obtained
7:
1547:
1438:"David Thompkins Interview"
1416:. Zebra Press. p. 98.
1277:T-34-85 Medium Tank 1944–94
1254:. Zebra Press. p. 97.
687:Captured from Angolan Army
101:Angolan War of Independence
10:
1600:
1014:People's Republic of China
491:
480:was the armed wing of the
26:
15:
968:Some captured from FAPLA
683:Infantry Fighting Vehicle
655:Armored Personnel Carrier
375:: Manuel Domingos Augusto
132:
127:
115:
110:
96:
88:
80:
63:
53:
45:
36:
850:Rocket-propelled grenade
823:Rocket-propelled grenade
523:Samuel Piedoso Chingunji
496:After their training in
338:Administrative divisions
1579:Guerrilla organizations
1464:www.jbrussellimages.com
1440:. GWU. 14 February 1999
1225:Beck, Theresa (2013).
631:4 obtained from Zaire
588:Weaponry and Equipment
473:
384:Diplomatic missions of
256:F. d. P. D. dos Santos
1531:www.gettyimages.co.uk
1486:www.gettyimages.co.uk
1412:Nortje, Piet (2003).
1250:Nortje, Piet (2003).
1028:Heckler & Koch G3
1001:Type 56 Assault Rifle
1554:Angolan Armed Forces
1138:improve this article
544:(MPLA), through the
276:Constitutional Court
1388:armstrade.sipri.org
1334:armstrade.sipri.org
1305:armstrade.sipri.org
92:Armed Wing of UNITA
627:Armoured Scout Car
222:Esperança da Costa
150:Politics of Angola
1423:978-1-86872-914-2
1384:"Trade Registers"
1330:"Trade Registers"
1301:"Trade Registers"
1261:978-1-86872-914-2
1214:
1213:
1206:
1188:
1107:
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795:Anti-tank missile
711:Anti-tank missile
511:Teixeira de Sousa
486:Angolan Civil War
462:
461:
406:Visa requirements
363:Foreign relations
325:Political parties
295:Recent elections
247:National Assembly
140:
139:
105:Angolan Civil War
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1466:. Archived from
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1390:. Archived from
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877:Grenade Launcher
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1470:on 2017-03-14.
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936:Submachine gun
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909:Captured from
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721:FIM-92 Stinger
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1394:on 2011-05-13
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1340:on 2011-05-13
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1019:Assault Rifle
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998:
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992:Assault Rifle
990:
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977:
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964:Assault Rifle
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749:9K32 Strela-2
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1534:. Retrieved
1530:
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1510:. Retrieved
1508:. 2001-05-22
1500:
1489:. Retrieved
1485:
1476:
1468:the original
1463:
1454:
1442:. Retrieved
1432:
1414:32 Battalion
1413:
1407:
1396:. Retrieved
1392:the original
1387:
1378:
1367:. Retrieved
1362:
1353:
1342:. Retrieved
1338:the original
1333:
1324:
1313:. Retrieved
1309:the original
1304:
1295:
1276:
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1252:32 Battalion
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1220:
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1194:January 2017
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1136:Please help
1131:verification
1128:
1100:Battle Rifle
1095:Soviet Union
1073:Battle Rifle
1046:Battle Rifle
1041:West Germany
987:Soviet Union
959:Soviet Union
931:Soviet Union
872:Soviet Union
818:Soviet Union
762:Soviet Union
678:Soviet Union
650:Soviet Union
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180:Human rights
173:Constitution
133:Abbreviation
39:
1365:(in German)
886:Zastava M55
609:Panhard AML
411:Visa policy
241:Legislature
97:Engagements
1568:Categories
1536:2021-09-04
1512:2021-09-04
1491:2021-09-04
1444:17 October
1398:2021-09-04
1369:2021-09-04
1344:2021-09-04
1315:2021-09-04
1164:newspapers
1110:References
905:Autocannon
899:Yugoslavia
693:BGM-71 TOW
470:Portuguese
118:commanders
111:Commanders
64:Allegiance
903:Anti-Air
388:in Angola
345:Provinces
301:General:
289:Elections
270:Judiciary
200:President
193:Executive
49:1965-2002
1548:See also
1363:1map.com
537:(FNLA).
507:Kassamba
401:Passport
373:Minister
128:Insignia
1178:scholar
1068:Belgium
918:PPSh-41
832:M72 LAW
767:MANPADS
739:MANPADS
637:BTR-152
597:Origin
492:History
252:Speaker
229:Cabinet
116:Notable
54:Country
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1153:"FALA"
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603:Notes
567:Huambo
546:Cubans
515:Quembo
58:Angola
46:Active
20:, see
1574:UNITA
1185:JSTOR
1171:books
946:AK-47
911:FAPLA
859:GP-25
805:RPG-7
777:MILAN
665:BMP-2
600:Type
498:China
476:) or
75:UNITA
1446:2011
1418:ISBN
1281:ISBN
1256:ISBN
1231:ISBN
1157:news
540:The
509:and
478:FALA
464:The
314:2022
308:2017
303:2012
204:list
136:FALA
89:Role
81:Type
18:MPLA
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