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Facial skeleton

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Variation in craniofacial form between humans is largely due to differing patterns of biological inheritance. Cross-analysis of osteological variables and genome-wide
350:. Because the maxillary bones are fused, they are often collectively listed as only one bone. The mandible is generally considered separately from the cranium. 693: 564: 586: 981: 468: 567:. U.S. National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009 946: 1436: 1431: 997: 686: 1013: 1131: 909: 1141: 1121: 679: 600:
Adhikari K, Fuentes-Guajardo M, Quinto-Sánchez M, Mendoza-Revilla J, Chacón-Duque JC, Acuña-Alonzo V, Gómez-Valdés J (2016).
1202: 1514: 1242: 1232: 1192: 541: 1374: 1237: 456: 485: 402: 1033: 1125: 1057: 17: 444: 1135: 1038: 902: 602:"A genome-wide association scan implicates DCHS2, RUNX2, GLI3, PAX1 and EDAR in human facial variation" 1331: 1303: 395: 1519: 1471: 1145: 871: 206: 182: 1046: 773: 1210: 1206: 1017: 763: 194: 531: 1524: 1426: 1369: 1283: 1196: 1171: 895: 876: 805: 508: 136: 1287: 1077: 990: 974: 964: 800: 768: 613: 405:
has identified specific genes that control this craniofacial development. Of these genes,
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In human anatomy and development, the facial skeleton is sometimes called the
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and other cartilaginous vertebrates, they are not replaced via
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are sometimes included, but otherwise considered part of the
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Atlas of Neuroradiologic Embryology, Anatomy, and Variants
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The fourteen bones that form the human facial skeleton
917: 366:cells (also responsible for the development of the 536:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 458. 1506: 701: 585:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 903: 687: 254:elements that are not part of the braincase. 910: 896: 694: 680: 231:that may attach to build a portion of the 50: 38: 633: 525: 523: 529: 14: 1507: 520: 891: 675: 436: 235:. The remainder of the skull is the 358:The facial skeleton is composed of 24: 450:Human facial skeleton. Front view. 25: 1536: 653: 483: 467: 455: 443: 484: 390:. As with the neurocranium, in 342:(or a part of it) and also the 60:is shown in semi-transparent.) 593: 557: 353: 13: 1: 514: 321: 702:Compound structures of skull 328:cartilaginous viscerocranium 257: 56:The fourteen facial bones. ( 7: 565:"Divisions of the Skeleton" 497: 10: 1541: 1515:Bones of the head and neck 530:Jinkins, J. Randy (2000). 478:(labeled as "Brain case"). 462:Human skull. Lateral view. 176:ossa faciei, ossa facialia 1459: 1402: 1340: 1304:Mandibular incisive canal 1264: 1255: 1225: 1185: 1164: 1155: 1112: 1087: 1026: 939: 930: 844: 821: 707: 433:impacts chin protrusion. 396:endochondral ossification 382:, which derives from the 244:membranous viscerocranium 205: 193: 181: 169: 164: 150: 145: 49: 37: 32: 1472:Posterior lacrimal crest 872:pterygomaxillary fissure 492:3D model. Click to move. 425:were found to determine 207:Anatomical terms of bone 1047:Anterior lacrimal crest 668:- "Facial Bone Anatomy" 334:elements), such as the 27:Facial bones of a skull 1211:Sphenopalatine foramen 1207:Greater palatine canal 1018:Greater palatine canal 246:, which comprises the 1427:Inferior nasal concha 1284:Mandibular prominence 1197:Posterior nasal spine 1172:Pterygopalatine fossa 877:pterygopalatine fossa 606:Nature Communications 509:Appendicular skeleton 362:and derived from the 137:Inferior nasal concha 1288:Mandibular symphysis 1078:Anterior nasal spine 991:Maxillary tuberosity 975:Anterior nasal spine 965:Infraorbital foramen 135: Bright green: 1326:Submandibular fovea 1296:Mental protuberance 1203:Perpendicular plate 1002:Infraorbital groove 867:infratemporal fossa 626:10.1038/ncomms11616 618:2016NatCo...711616A 115: Bright blue: 1365:Mandibular foramen 1136:Zygomaticotemporal 1126:Zygomatico-orbital 1070:Foramina of Scarpa 1007:Infraorbital canal 125: Dark green: 1502: 1501: 1437:Maxillary process 1432:Ethmoidal process 1415:Internasal suture 1398: 1397: 1385:Condyloid process 1251: 1250: 1108: 1107: 1034:Zygomatic process 885: 884: 474:Facial bones and 437:Additional images 275:Inferior turbinal 221: 220: 216: 16:(Redirected from 1532: 1494:Retromolar space 1482:Lacrimal hamulus 1380:Mandibular notch 1375:Coronoid process 1353:Mandibular canal 1348:Mylohyoid groove 1322:Sublingual fovea 1310:internal surface 1272:external surface 1262: 1261: 1193:Horizontal plate 1162: 1161: 1146:Zygomaticofacial 1132:Temporal process 1062:Incisive foramen 1058:Palatine process 1053:Alveolar process 937: 936: 912: 905: 898: 889: 888: 696: 689: 682: 673: 672: 648: 647: 637: 597: 591: 590: 584: 576: 574: 572: 561: 555: 554: 552: 550: 527: 489: 488: 471: 459: 447: 427:nasal morphology 332:splanchnocranial 326:Elements of the 213:edit on Wikidata 210: 134: 124: 114: 104: 94: 84: 74: 64: 54: 42: 30: 29: 21: 1540: 1539: 1535: 1534: 1533: 1531: 1530: 1529: 1520:Facial features 1505: 1504: 1503: 1498: 1477:Lacrimal groove 1455: 1394: 1390:Pterygoid fovea 1336: 1292:Lingual foramen 1247: 1221: 1181: 1177:Pterygoid fossa 1151: 1142:Lateral process 1122:Orbital process 1104: 1100:Maxillary sinus 1095:Body of maxilla 1083: 1066:Incisive canals 1039:Frontal process 1022: 986:Alveolar canals 926: 920:facial skeleton 916: 886: 881: 840: 823:Facial skeleton 817: 703: 700: 656: 651: 598: 594: 578: 577: 570: 568: 563: 562: 558: 548: 546: 544: 528: 521: 517: 500: 493: 490: 479: 472: 463: 460: 451: 448: 439: 376:adrenal medulla 356: 324: 315:Zygomatic bones 260: 225:facial skeleton 217: 141: 140: 132: 130: 127:Zygomatic bones 122: 120: 112: 110: 102: 100: 92: 90: 82: 80: 72: 70: 62: 45: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 1538: 1528: 1527: 1522: 1517: 1500: 1499: 1497: 1496: 1491: 1486: 1485: 1484: 1479: 1474: 1463: 1461: 1457: 1456: 1454: 1453: 1452: 1451: 1441: 1440: 1439: 1434: 1424: 1423: 1422: 1420:Nasal foramina 1417: 1406: 1404: 1400: 1399: 1396: 1395: 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links 652: 650: 649: 592: 556: 542: 518: 516: 513: 512: 511: 506: 504:Axial skeleton 499: 496: 495: 494: 491: 482: 480: 473: 466: 464: 461: 454: 452: 449: 442: 438: 435: 378:) or from the 355: 352: 323: 320: 319: 318: 312: 307: 304:Palatine bones 301: 295: 289: 284: 281:Lacrimal bones 278: 259: 256: 252:dermatocranial 227:comprises the 219: 218: 209: 203: 202: 197: 191: 190: 185: 179: 178: 173: 167: 166: 162: 161: 152: 148: 147: 143: 142: 131: 121: 117:Lacrimal bones 111: 107:Palatine bones 101: 91: 85: Purple: 81: 75: Yellow: 71: 61: 55: 47: 46: 43: 35: 34: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1537: 1526: 1523: 1521: 1518: 1516: 1513: 1512: 1510: 1495: 1492: 1490: 1487: 1483: 1480: 1478: 1475: 1473: 1470: 1469: 1468: 1465: 1464: 1462: 1458: 1450: 1447: 1446: 1445: 1442: 1438: 1435: 1433: 1430: 1429: 1428: 1425: 1421: 1418: 1416: 1413: 1412: 1411: 1408: 1407: 1405: 1401: 1391: 1388: 1386: 1383: 1381: 1378: 1376: 1373: 1371: 1368: 1366: 1363: 1359: 1356: 1354: 1351: 1350: 1349: 1346: 1345: 1343: 1339: 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789: 787: 786:Base of skull 784: 782: 779: 775: 772: 770: 767: 765: 762: 761: 760: 757: 755: 752: 750: 747: 745: 742: 740: 737: 735: 732: 730: 727: 723: 720: 719: 718: 715: 714: 712: 710: 706: 697: 692: 690: 685: 683: 678: 677: 674: 667: 663: 662: 658: 657: 645: 641: 636: 631: 627: 623: 619: 615: 611: 607: 603: 596: 588: 582: 566: 560: 545: 543:0-7817-1652-7 539: 535: 534: 526: 524: 519: 510: 507: 505: 502: 501: 487: 481: 477: 470: 465: 458: 453: 446: 441: 440: 434: 432: 428: 424: 420: 416: 412: 408: 404: 399: 397: 393: 392:Chondricthyes 389: 386:block of the 385: 381: 377: 373: 369: 365: 361: 351: 349: 345: 344:sphenoid bone 341: 337: 333: 329: 316: 313: 311: 308: 305: 302: 299: 296: 293: 290: 288: 285: 282: 279: 276: 273: 272: 271: 269: 265: 255: 253: 249: 245: 240: 238: 234: 230: 226: 214: 208: 204: 201: 198: 196: 192: 189: 186: 184: 180: 177: 174: 172: 168: 163: 160: 156: 153: 149: 144: 138: 128: 118: 108: 98: 88: 78: 68: 59: 53: 48: 41: 36: 31: 19: 1525:Facial bones 1314:Mental spine 1309: 1271: 959:Canine fossa 950: 919: 822: 709:Neurocranium 659: 609: 605: 595: 569:. Retrieved 559: 547:. Retrieved 532: 476:neurocranium 400: 368:neurocranium 364:neural crest 357: 348:neurocranium 340:ethmoid bone 327: 325: 261: 243: 241: 237:neurocranium 229:facial bones 228: 224: 222: 175: 95: Pink: 65: Blue: 58:Neurocranium 33:Facial bones 1489:Prognathism 1217:Hard palate 360:dermal bone 354:Development 298:Nasal bones 264:human skull 165:Identifiers 105: Red: 97:Nasal bones 18:Facial bone 1509:Categories 1410:Nasal bone 1243:Sphenoidal 1043:Agger nasi 806:sphenoidal 791:Fontanelle 739:Stephanion 515:References 429:, whereas 380:sclerotome 336:hyoid bone 322:Variations 1233:Pyramidal 1226:Processes 1114:Zygomatic 1027:Processes 801:posterior 774:posterior 666:eMedicine 612:: 11616. 571:24 August 549:24 August 258:Structure 1467:Lacrimal 1257:Mandible 1157:Palatine 947:Anterior 940:Surfaces 796:anterior 764:anterior 729:Asterion 717:Calvaria 644:27193062 581:cite web 498:See also 388:mesoderm 287:Mandible 248:mandible 159:skeleton 87:Mandible 1358:Lingula 1238:Orbital 998:Orbital 932:Maxilla 922:of the 852:dacryon 811:mastoid 734:Pterion 635:4874031 614:Bibcode 330:(i.e., 292:Maxilla 262:In the 188:D005147 151:Part of 146:Details 77:Maxilla 1186:Plates 1165:Fossae 951:fossae 836:Gonion 831:Nasion 769:middle 759:Fossae 754:Lambda 749:Bregma 722:DiploĂ« 642:  632:  540:  384:somite 133:  123:  113:  103:  93:  83:  73:  63:  1460:Other 1444:Vomer 1370:Angle 1341:Ramus 1088:Other 1014:Nasal 924:skull 744:Inion 661:ent/9 411:RUNX2 407:DCHS2 372:teeth 310:Vomer 233:skull 211:[ 171:Latin 67:Vomer 1449:Wing 1403:Nose 1276:Chin 1265:Body 918:The 845:Both 640:PMID 587:link 573:2017 551:2017 538:ISBN 431:EDAR 423:PAX3 421:and 419:PAX1 415:GLI3 403:SNPs 374:and 268:face 250:and 223:The 183:MeSH 155:Face 1280:Jaw 1209:, 664:at 630:PMC 622:doi 317:(2) 306:(2) 300:(2) 294:(2) 283:(2) 277:(2) 200:356 195:TA2 139:(2) 129:(2) 119:(2) 109:(2) 99:(2) 89:(1) 79:(2) 69:(1) 1511:: 1324:, 1320:, 1316:, 1302:, 1298:, 1294:, 1290:, 1286:, 1282:, 1278:, 1076:, 1072:, 1068:, 1064:, 1045:, 1016:: 1000:: 984:: 957:, 949:: 638:. 628:. 620:. 608:. 604:. 583:}} 579:{{ 522:^ 417:, 413:, 409:, 398:. 370:, 270:: 239:. 157:, 1328:) 1312:( 1306:) 1274:( 1213:) 1205:( 1199:) 1195:( 1148:) 1144:( 1138:) 1134:( 1128:) 1124:( 1080:) 1060:( 1049:) 1041:( 961:) 953:( 911:e 904:t 897:v 695:e 688:t 681:v 646:. 624:: 616:: 610:7 589:) 575:. 553:. 215:] 20:)

Index

Facial bone


Neurocranium
Vomer
Maxilla
Mandible
Nasal bones
Palatine bones
Lacrimal bones
Zygomatic bones
Inferior nasal concha
Face
skeleton
Latin
MeSH
D005147
TA2
356
Anatomical terms of bone
edit on Wikidata
skull
neurocranium
mandible
dermatocranial
human skull
face
Inferior turbinal
Lacrimal bones
Mandible

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