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three selectors: Dolce, Principale and Ottava. There are two inferior octaves on the left-hand side of the lower keyboard; one octave is switch-controllable for choice of a bass or acute sound. The instrument has four vibrato and three reverb settings. Later models also incorporate tremolo, percussion and repeat functions for both the upper and lower treble manuals independently. Unlike other
Compact series organs, the Compact Duo models require a separate power supply/solid-state preamp/real spring reverb unit (called the Farfisa F/AR), to which the organ connects via a multi-lead cable. Alternatively, it can be powered by a separate Farfisa TR/60 amplifier.
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octave. Some of these extended bass models have only three voices (sounds), while the later models had six voices. Early compact models including the Mini
Compact and Mini Deluxe Compact have three tone switches – dolce, principale and strings, in 16', 8' and 4' footages. Later models include 16' bass, 8' flute, oboe, strings and 4' flute and strings. The first models have removable legs which could be stored inside the bottom cover, as opposed to later models that have folding or pivoting non-removable ones.
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339:. The relatively cheap labour in Italy, compared to the UK and US meant that Farfisa were able to produce a greater quantity of combo organs at a cheaper cost, and consequently, they were picked up by many amateur and semi-professional groups. For example, the list price of a Farfisa Mini Compact in 1966 was $ 495, compared to $ 995 of the Vox Continental a year before. Distribution in the U.S. was handled by the
520:
octaves is switch-controllable for choice of a bass or acute sound with bass note sustain and controllable bass percussion. The volume balance between bass and treble is adjustable. The
Compact Deluxe features similar controls to the Compact I, with additional voices such as the 2-2/3' footage with an independent "brilliant" tab. Later models, such as the Combo Deluxe Compact I, also include a rhythm section (
207:. The relatively inexpensive Italian labour allowed Farfisa to sell their products cheaper than the competition, which led to their commercial success. Popular models included the Compact series introduced in 1964, the Professional in 1967, the FAST in 1968 and the VIP in 1970. The success of Farfisa organs declined with the increased popularity of the
643:
modifiable monophonic synthesiser sounds. It was mainly sold in continental Europe. This was followed by the
Polychrome, built at the end of the 1970s. It was Farfisa's largest and most feature-rich non-organ instrument, as an analog synthesizer featuring vocal, brass, string, and percussion sections, including a built in chorus, phase, modulation and
627:, and is essentially the circuitry for a Compact-series organ in an accordion-shaped box. There are no reeds; the instrument is purely electronic. It was designed to be used in conjunction with Farfisa's amplifiers, and has a multi-pin cable that connects the controls of the accordion with the controls of the amplifier, or the F/AR
519:
Farfisa updated the
Compact range through the 1960s, adding new features, but without changing the general model name. Later Compact models, such as the Combo Compact I introduced in 1968, include two inferior octaves (one black/white, one grey/white) on the left hand side of the keyboard. One set of
515:
The
Compact Duo was introduced in 1966. It weighs 90 pounds (41 kg) and supports 49-key manuals. It features a four-octave upper keyboard with 9 selectors: 16' Bass, Strings; 8' Flute, Oboe, Trumpet, Strings; 4' Flute, Strings; 2-2/3' (Flute) and Brilliance, and a four-octave lower keyboard with
556:
The Fast 2 has a four-octave keyboard (C to C) with a one-octave manual bass on the left. There are four voice stops (flute, clarinet, reed and strings), all at 8', a two-speed vibrato and an optional swell pedal. The Fast 3 features more sounds, including 16' bass and clarinet, 8' oboe and trumpet,
552:
The FAST (Farfisa All
Silicon Transistor) Series models were first introduced in 1967, to complement the existing Combo series. As the name implies, these use silicon transistors that produced more stable tones than the germanium ones used in the Compact series. The organs are contained in a metal
414:
had become more commonplace, with the last unit being produced in 1982. The company faced increased competition from
Japanese companies and struggled to handle the departure of the Scandalli family from the company. However, Farfisa has survived into the 21st century, and the brand mainly produces
503:
The Mini
Compact is the smallest of the Compact Series, and was introduced in 1966. It has only four octaves, with no bass on the early models. The later version has a selector switch to choose bass or high sound in the lowest octave; these models have grey naturals with white sharps in the bass
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with a monophonic analogue synth. It features a three-octave keyboard, and separate outputs for the monophonic and polyphonic sections. The
Soundmaker was Farfisa's next non-organ instrument, with a further development of the synthesizer approach, incorporating an improved string sound and more
300:
daily. He was hoping to work for Paolo Soprani, who established the country's first accordion factory. He founded the Scandalli Brothers, who grew to employ from 400–700 people in their accordion factories. Farfisa was established in 1946, following the mergers of Settimo Soprani, Scandalli and
40:
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circuitry for the reverb unit. On most single-manual models the tone controls and a bass section volume are located on an indented panel on the rear of the instrument. Underneath the keyboards, there is a knee-high lever that can be actuated for tone boost, turned on by rocker levers on the
313:(United Italian Accordion Factories), and production continued in Castelfidardo. It quickly became the world's largest supplier of accordions, making up to 180 instruments a day with over 1,600 employees. The International Accordion Museum now occupies the site of the original factory.
650:
Among the last combo organs made by Farfisa were the Bravo and Commander, released in 1980. The Commander reprised part of the design of the VIP 205 in updated form, while the lightweight and simple Bravo's sound was a move to compete with emerging portable keyboards and synthesisers.
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The Combo Compact has a five-octave keyboard, one of which of bass with inverse key colors, 16' bass and strings, 8' flute, oboe, trumpet and strings, 4' flute, piccolo and strings, four vibrato settings, three choices of reverb and three bass volume switches. It has a built-in
573:
The Professional series were the most sophisticated models made by Farfisa, first announced in August 1968 and designed to compete with the Hammond. Contemporary advertising emphasised that these series of instruments did not sound like other combo organs and could be used for
366:
transistors and were styled like the Vox Continental, including chrome stands. The Professional series appeared around the same time and included more features than earlier models. The VIP models were introduced in 1970 and included a foot-operated
634:
The Farfisa Matador was introduced in 1972. Unlike earlier instruments, it uses drawbars to select a variable amount of sound, like a Hammond. The lowest 17 keys cover the manual bass section. The Matador-M was compact version that used tabs.
334:
in 1962, Farfisa decided to quickly build a competing instrument using the technical expertise they had gained from working with Lowrey. The first model, the Combo Compact, was introduced in 1964. Production was moved to a factory in
768:". Wright started with a Combo Compact, before progressing to a Compact Duo. By 1970, he had started to use a Hammond onstage and alternated between that and the Farfisa, depending on the song. The Farfisa was last used on
557:
and with 8' and 4' flute. The Fast 4 has a larger five-octave keyboard, with an additional light / heavy vibrato option, two mixture stops and five percussion controls. The Fast 5 adds three sustain stops.
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transistors which tend to drift in value, and the plastic keys have tended to degrade over time, leaving cracks. Other problems include corroded contacts, leading to non-working switchings, and failing
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can be added to all models except the Mini-Compact. Unlike other combo organs like the Vox Continental, Farfisa Compact organs have integrated legs, which can be folded up and stored inside its base.
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After the introduction of synthesizers, Farfisa combo organs became less popular, but were revived in the late 1970s by several punk rock and new wave bands (especially those influenced by 1960s
316:
During the 1950s, after sales of accordions began to decline, Farfisa began to diversify its range of instruments including radios, televisions and musical instruments. The Microrgan, a portable
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manufacturers combined to form a single company. They began to produce electronic instruments in the late 1950s, and combo organs were introduced in response to similar instruments such as the
172:
in the 1960s and 1970s, including the Compact, FAST, Professional and VIP ranges, and later, a series of other keyboard instruments. They were used by a number of popular musicians, including
249:
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and a slalom pedal. There is an optional amplifier and speaker unit, the PAS 55, that can be placed between the organ and pedals, to resemble a spinet organ. The Professional Piano was an
589:
that is placed after the main oscillators, as this was the only way to make individual controls for each voice work. The Professional Duo is a double-manual version with bass pedals, a
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The Compact series contains four models – Combo Compact, Mini Compact, Compact Deluxe and Compact Duo. They have 12 tone generator boards; one for each note of the scale, and use a
247:
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originally used the Farfisa Compact Duo, before switching to a Professional after the band's gear was stolen. He applied his knowledge of electronics and contacts as a former
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248:
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used the Farfisa as his main instrument, and included stage tricks such as playing it with a hammer. Other groups from this period using Farfisas included
406:. In response, Farfisa advertised that its latest organs at that point could emulate a Hammond and had a full set of drawbars. The American conglomerate
2448:
2433:
320:, was released in 1958; it used an electric fan to blow air across the reeds. Two years later, the company developed the Cordovox accordion with
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keyboard or controller. It emulates the Combo Compact and the Compact Duo, along with a number of effects boxes and amplifier simulations. The
469:. There are two jack outputs, the second of which is optional and can be used to send the bass through a different amplifier. There is also a
1013:
The sound of a Farfisa has been hard to accurately synthesise. In 2016, Arturia released a Farfisa V audio plugin that can be played using a
336:
347:, and the instruments were originally known as CMI organs when introduced there. This design was copied for later combo organs such as the
219:, and the final models were produced in the early 1980s. The company has survived, and Farfisa is now a consumer electronics manufacturer.
2243:
1970:
989:
used various Farfisa organs extensively throughout their career, beginning with a Bravo model they found cheaply in a second-hand store.
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cabinet covered with a skin plate and plastic edges, chrome folding legs, retractable carrying handles, and a removable music rack.
477:-impedance headphones. Though advertised as a "transistorised" model, the spring reverb tank is valve-driven. An optional 13-note
2443:
806:. He later started using a Hammond organ as an additional instrument. The Professional was retired after the group's 1972 split.
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to generate the remaining notes. Unlike later organs, the Compact series is not fully transistorised, and includes high-voltage
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in rock groups during the 1970s, and in response the company produced models that could emulate a Hammond, and introduced
423:, which makes and distributes systems for video intercoms, access control, video surveillance, and home automation. The
410:
became a major controlling interest in 1968. Production of combo organs began to be phased out in the late 1970s, after
2438:
597:. There were two different models, whose main difference was the location of the split point between bass and treble.
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effectively. The instruments included sustain, eight different footages, a variety of percussion and vibrato options.
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17:
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Analog Synthesizers : Understanding, Performing, Buying--From the Legacy of Moog to Software Synthesis
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The Professional (Model PP/222 and PP/221) contains a single keyboard with grey keys. The vibrato uses a
440:
340:
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882:
731:
859:
817:'s first keyboard with the group was a Farfisa Compact, before switching to a Vox and then a Hammond.
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began using Farfisa organs with his ensemble in the late 1960s. A Mini-Compact was played by him and
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in early 20th-century Italy. Silvio Scandalli started making these instruments by hand, commuting to
382:
By the late 1960s, major groups had moved on from combo organs and started to prefer the sound of a
1444:
822:
779:
734:, can be heard playing the Farfisa on numerous southern soul recordings from the 1960s, including "
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600:
The VIP-series organs were announced in 1970, which included a "Synthe-Slalom" foot pedal used for
177:
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371:. At the height of its production, Farfisa operated three factories to produce instruments in
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and synthesisers. The Farfisa brand name saw a brief revival in the late 1970s as part of the
2310:
2040:
1920:
1812:
Van der Graaf Generator, The Book: A History of the Band Van der Graaf Generator 1967 to 1978
877:". He called the Farfisa "the worst organ sound possible" and used it in order to sound like
839:
638:
In 1975, Farfisa introduced the Stereo Syntorchestra synthesiser, that combined a polyphonic
1996:
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240:
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8:
2080:
536:. The design of the instrument makes it difficult to access components and service them.
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regularly used the Professional and Professional Piano. The Syntorchestra was used by
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The line of FAST (Farfisa All-Silicon Transistorized) organs was launched at the 1968
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The Compact series has caused reliability problems for later collectors. It features
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524:) of brush cymbal and drum. The final Compact models were manufactured in 1969.
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774:(1973), but Wright reintroduced it to his keyboard setup on David Gilmour's
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324:, which combined accordion reeds with electronically generated sounds.
317:
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168:, Italy, founded in 1946. The company manufactured a series of compact
39:
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used the Farfisa on several early recordings, including the 1972 hit "
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One of the first rock organists to play and spotlight the Farfisa was
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The Farfisa Professional Site, 1968-1976 products,bands,videos,photos
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992:
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upgraded from a Vox Continental to a Farfisa, but he actually used a
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612:
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470:
363:
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289:
200:
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141:
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2327:
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843:; Glass is still in possession of his original Farfisa as of 2018.
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1311:"FARFISA: videocitofonia, telefonia, controllo accessi, sicurezza"
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1875:"Philip Glass on Twitter: "Original 50 year old Farfisa organ""
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752:'s early sound, and was his main instrument on the albums from
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Pink Floyd and Philosophy – Careful with that Axiom, Eugene!
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1921:"How Elton John conjured up his past with "Crocodile Rock""
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911:(1973) features a Farfisa organ as one of the instruments.
1445:"Combo Organ Heaven : Farfisa Compact – Mini Compact"
465:-driven swell pedal, instead of the later and more common
1659:
1657:
1616:
1321:
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used a Farfisa organ on the song "Misery" from the album
791:
702:". Other groups using Farfisas around this time included
474:
1181:
1156:
362:. These superseded the earlier Compact models based on
2139:
Classic Keys: Keyboard Sounds That Launched Rock Music
2041:"Laetitia Sadier & Tim Gane: Stereolab and Beyond"
1939:
1654:
794:
engineer to customise it with a variety of additional
694:" in 1965. In 1967, it was the main instrument in the
1951:
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played a Farfisa Professional, as seen at their 1969
75:
Merged from Settimo Soprani, Scandalli and Frontalini
288:
The background to Farfisa was the popularity of the
2429:
Musical instrument manufacturing companies of Italy
473:output jack, but it designed for now-obsolete 2000
1073:The Institute for Education in International Media
981:'s main instrument was a Farfisa Compact Duo. The
764:(1969), as well as live performances, such as on "
560:
1809:
730:, the house organist of Alabama recording studio
390:, which were used by contemporary groups such as
301:Frontalini, whose businesses had suffered during
2420:
2136:
1814:. Phil and Jim Publishers. pp. 27, 36, 81.
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548:Farfisa Fast 2 plugged to an Vox AC-10 Tube amp
2069:(Media notes). Adeline Records. 2014. 1-47613.
1842:(Media notes). Virgin. 2000. 7243-8-49900-2-2.
1241:
837:on some of Glass' early recordings, including
2237:
1997:"Cabaret Voltaire – Biography – Amoeba Music"
1759:Inside Out – A Personal History of Pink Floyd
686:", who played a Combo Compact with his group
435:
427:group owns the rights for Farfisa keyboards.
309:Fabbriche Riunite Fisarmoniche Italiane S.p.A
306:
1574:
164:) is a manufacturer of electronics based in
199:The company was formed after three Italian
2244:
2230:
2178:
2107:"Nord Keyboards Vox & Farfisa Library"
1761:. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 130.
1636:"Farfisa Syntorchestra String Synthesizer"
1439:
1437:
1339:
1327:
1282:
1276:
1200:
1175:
847:featured four Farfisa organs in his piece
539:
38:
2449:Electronics companies established in 1946
962:. Numerous songs by the Industrial group
2434:Electronic organ manufacturing companies
2137:Lenhoff, Alan; Robertson, David (2019).
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1945:
1810:Christopulos, Jim; Smart, Phil (2005).
1791:. 22 March 2019. Event occurs at 12:40
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1622:
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14:
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966:use Farfisa drum machines and organs.
748:'s use of the Farfisa was integral to
2454:Italian companies established in 1946
2251:
2225:
1756:
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255:A Farfisa Compact (here sampled on a
2015:"Red Carpets treatment for musician"
1549:
1524:
1374:
969:
778:, featured on the Pink Floyd song "
305:. The company was officially named
24:
2179:Vail, Mark; Carson, Barry (2000).
1971:"Blondie is a stylish 40-year-old"
1054:
671:'s Farfisa Compact Duo, used with
351:. The organs also had a flip-down
327:Following the introduction of the
229:
25:
2470:
2199:
1840:Van Der Graaf Generator - The Box
161:Fabbriche Riunite di Fisarmoniche
1854:"Interview with Michael Riesman"
654:
267:Problems playing this file? See
245:
27:Italian electronics manufacturer
2143:University of North Texas Press
2099:
2073:
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2033:
2007:
1989:
1963:
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1462:
1303:
607:
561:Professional Series (1968–1975)
499:'s Farfisa Combo Compact Deluxe
2444:Electronics companies of Italy
1896:"Four Organs / Phase Patterns"
1021:includes a Farfisa emulation.
866:playing a Farfisa Professional
755:The Piper at the Gates of Dawn
13:
1:
1069:"The industrious Fisarmonica"
1042:
1008:
923:on several albums, including
766:Careful with That Axe, Eugene
1784:Echoes (Remember That Night)
1720:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
1519:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
1429:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
1410:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
1398:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
1369:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
1352:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
1236:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
1151:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
1136:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
1124:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
1109:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
1094:Lenhoff & Robertson 2019
83:Music division purchased by
7:
1736:. Open Court. p. 109.
1024:
690:, who had their first hit "
355:displaying the brand name.
341:Chicago Musical Instruments
10:
2475:
1001:, played by their bassist
732:Muscle Shoals Sound Studio
631:preamp power supply unit.
569:Farfisa Professional Piano
511:Tabs for the Combo Compact
436:Compact Series (1964–1968)
396:Emerson, Lake & Palmer
343:Company, which also owned
222:
2439:Companies based in Marche
2398:
2259:
2216:History of Farfisa Organs
1836:The Organs of Hugh Banton
933:played the instrument on
879:Johnny and the Hurricanes
771:The Dark Side of the Moon
430:
419:systems with the company
101:
90:
79:
71:
56:
46:
37:
2164:. Taylor & Francis.
854:
823:Sly and the Family Stone
736:When a Man Loves a Woman
712:Country Joe and the Fish
659:
461:. The series features a
178:Country Joe and the Fish
2360:Kienle Resonator System
1732:Reisch, George (2011).
788:Van der Graaf Generator
714:. Some sources suggest
700:Incense and Peppermints
540:FAST Series (1968–1971)
534:electrolytic capacitors
2211:The Farfisa Organ Page
2160:Jenkins, Mark (2009).
1681:Vintage Synth Explorer
1582:"Farfisa Professional"
1557:"Farfisa Professional"
1340:Vail & Carson 2000
1328:Vail & Carson 2000
1277:Vail & Carson 2000
1201:Vail & Carson 2000
1176:Vail & Carson 2000
867:
829:performance. Composer
696:Strawberry Alarm Clock
675:
617:
570:
549:
512:
500:
445:
307:
285:
234:
159:
2311:Fender Contempo Organ
1925:Ultimate Classic Rock
1470:"Farfisa Compact Duo"
1387:. Combo Organ Heaven.
1290:"ACI FARFISA website"
862:
840:Einstein on the Beach
815:Ron "Pigpen" McKernan
667:
620:The Transicord was a
615:
587:phase shifter circuit
568:
547:
510:
495:
444:Farfisa Combo Compact
443:
279:
241:Farfisa Compact Organ
233:
128:Musical instruments:
114:Historical products:
33:ACI Farfisa keyboards
2181:Vintage Synthesizers
1757:Mason, Nick (2004).
1677:"Farfisa Polychrome"
2081:"Arturia Farfisa V"
2067:Green Day – Warning
1412:, pp. 182–183.
1342:, pp. 254–255.
1096:, pp. 178–179.
889:used a Farfisa on "
386:with an overdriven
34:
2403:Keyboard amplifier
2333:Eminent 310 Unique
2183:. Backbeat Books.
1625:, pp. 99–100.
1603:Combo Organ Heaven
1599:"Farfisa – Others"
1561:Combo Organ Heaven
1536:Combo Organ Heaven
1499:Combo Organ Heaven
1474:Combo Organ Heaven
1449:Combo Organ Heaven
1400:, p. 181,184.
1385:"Farfisa: Spinets"
946:and psychedelia).
896:Houses of the Holy
868:
827:Woodstock Festival
676:
625:electric accordion
618:
616:Farfisa Transicord
571:
550:
513:
501:
446:
286:
235:
32:
2416:
2415:
2253:Electronic organs
2190:978-0-879-30603-8
2171:978-1-136-12278-1
2152:978-1-57441-776-0
2019:Evening Chronicle
1821:978-0-9551337-0-1
1743:978-0-812-69745-2
1495:"Farfisa Compact"
1255:on 21 August 2012
1038:released in 1980.
931:Manuel Göttsching
708:The Blues Project
450:frequency divider
379:region of Italy.
303:World War II
250:
217:new wave movement
213:electronic pianos
170:electronic organs
149:
148:
130:electronic organs
16:(Redirected from
2466:
2269:Clonewheel organ
2246:
2239:
2232:
2223:
2222:
2194:
2175:
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2123:
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2011:
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1262:
1260:
1251:. Archived from
1249:"Entry: Farfisa"
1245:
1239:
1233:
1204:
1198:
1179:
1173:
1154:
1148:
1139:
1133:
1127:
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1106:
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1091:
1085:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1065:
975:Inspiral Carpets
970:Later recordings
964:Cabaret Voltaire
936:New Age of Earth
704:The Blues Magoos
595:electronic piano
580:rhythm and blues
312:
280:Farfisa made in
252:
251:
232:
67:
65:
42:
35:
31:
21:
2474:
2473:
2469:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2463:
2419:
2418:
2417:
2412:
2394:
2321:Vox Continental
2255:
2250:
2218:(archived 2010)
2202:
2197:
2191:
2172:
2153:
2127:
2126:
2116:
2114:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2090:
2088:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2065:
2064:
2060:
2050:
2048:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2024:
2022:
2013:
2012:
2008:
1995:
1994:
1990:
1980:
1978:
1975:Chicago Tribune
1969:
1968:
1964:
1956:
1952:
1944:
1940:
1930:
1928:
1919:
1918:
1914:
1904:
1902:
1900:Jazz Messengers
1894:
1893:
1889:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1872:
1868:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1851:
1847:
1834:
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1822:
1808:
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1662:
1655:
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1643:
1634:
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1629:
1621:
1617:
1607:
1605:
1597:
1596:
1589:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1565:
1563:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1540:
1538:
1532:"Farfisa: FAST"
1530:
1529:
1525:
1517:
1513:
1503:
1501:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1478:
1476:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1453:
1451:
1443:
1442:
1435:
1427:
1416:
1408:
1404:
1396:
1392:
1383:
1382:
1375:
1367:
1358:
1350:
1346:
1338:
1334:
1326:
1322:
1315:www.farfisa.com
1309:
1308:
1304:
1294:
1292:
1288:
1287:
1283:
1275:
1268:
1258:
1256:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1234:
1207:
1199:
1182:
1174:
1157:
1149:
1142:
1134:
1130:
1122:
1115:
1107:
1100:
1092:
1088:
1078:
1076:
1067:
1066:
1055:
1045:
1027:
1011:
972:
883:John Paul Jones
857:
835:Michael Riesman
680:Domingo Samudio
662:
657:
640:string ensemble
610:
563:
542:
479:bass pedalboard
438:
433:
360:NAMM Convention
329:Vox Continental
274:
273:
265:
263:
262:
261:
260:
253:
246:
243:
236:
230:
225:
205:Vox Continental
124:television sets
120:radio receivers
63:
61:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2472:
2462:
2461:
2459:Italian brands
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2414:
2413:
2411:
2410:
2408:Leslie speaker
2405:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
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2257:
2256:
2249:
2248:
2241:
2234:
2226:
2220:
2219:
2213:
2208:
2201:
2200:External links
2198:
2196:
2195:
2189:
2176:
2170:
2157:
2151:
2133:
2125:
2124:
2098:
2087:. October 2016
2085:Sound on Sound
2072:
2058:
2032:
2006:
2001:www.amoeba.com
1988:
1977:. 25 June 2015
1962:
1950:
1948:, p. 245.
1938:
1912:
1887:
1866:
1845:
1827:
1820:
1802:
1774:
1767:
1749:
1742:
1724:
1722:, p. 178.
1693:
1668:
1666:, p. 100.
1653:
1642:. 6 March 2018
1627:
1615:
1587:
1573:
1548:
1523:
1521:, p. 186.
1511:
1486:
1461:
1433:
1431:, p. 188.
1414:
1402:
1390:
1373:
1371:, p. 181.
1356:
1354:, p. 184.
1344:
1332:
1330:, p. 256.
1320:
1302:
1281:
1279:, p. 251.
1266:
1240:
1238:, p. 192.
1205:
1203:, p. 255.
1180:
1178:, p. 254.
1155:
1153:, p. 189.
1140:
1138:, p. 177.
1128:
1126:, p. 180.
1113:
1111:, p. 179.
1098:
1086:
1052:
1051:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1039:
1026:
1023:
1010:
1007:
971:
968:
875:Crocodile Rock
856:
853:
796:effects pedals
746:Richard Wright
728:Spooner Oldham
669:Richard Wright
661:
658:
656:
653:
609:
606:
562:
559:
541:
538:
437:
434:
432:
429:
388:Leslie speaker
264:
254:
244:
239:
238:
237:
228:
227:
226:
224:
221:
147:
146:
145:
144:
126:
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53:
48:
44:
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26:
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2349:
2346:
2345:
2344:
2343:Hammond organ
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2297:
2294:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2279:Nord C Series
2277:
2275:
2272:
2271:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2261:
2258:
2254:
2247:
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2240:
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2177:
2173:
2167:
2163:
2158:
2154:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2131:
2113:. 29 May 2011
2112:
2111:Audio Fanzine
2108:
2102:
2086:
2082:
2076:
2068:
2062:
2046:
2042:
2036:
2020:
2016:
2010:
2002:
1998:
1992:
1976:
1972:
1966:
1960:, p. 99.
1959:
1954:
1947:
1942:
1927:. 19 May 2019
1926:
1922:
1916:
1901:
1897:
1891:
1876:
1870:
1855:
1849:
1841:
1837:
1831:
1823:
1817:
1813:
1806:
1790:
1789:David Gilmour
1786:
1785:
1778:
1770:
1768:0-297-84387-7
1764:
1760:
1753:
1745:
1739:
1735:
1728:
1721:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1682:
1678:
1672:
1665:
1660:
1658:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1624:
1619:
1604:
1600:
1594:
1592:
1583:
1577:
1562:
1558:
1552:
1537:
1533:
1527:
1520:
1515:
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1496:
1490:
1475:
1471:
1465:
1450:
1446:
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1425:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1411:
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1399:
1394:
1386:
1380:
1378:
1370:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1353:
1348:
1341:
1336:
1329:
1324:
1317:(in Italian).
1316:
1312:
1306:
1291:
1285:
1278:
1273:
1271:
1254:
1250:
1244:
1237:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1202:
1197:
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1191:
1189:
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1168:
1166:
1164:
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1152:
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1145:
1137:
1132:
1125:
1120:
1118:
1110:
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1095:
1090:
1074:
1070:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1037:
1034:", a song by
1033:
1029:
1028:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1006:
1004:
1000:
999:
994:
990:
988:
984:
980:
976:
967:
965:
961:
960:Talking Heads
957:
953:
949:
945:
940:
938:
937:
932:
928:
927:
922:
921:Klaus Schulze
918:
917:Irmin Schmidt
914:
910:
909:
908:Tubular Bells
904:
903:Mike Oldfield
900:
898:
897:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
865:
861:
852:
850:
846:
842:
841:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
811:Grateful Dead
807:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
772:
767:
763:
762:
757:
756:
751:
747:
743:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
674:
670:
666:
655:Notable users
652:
648:
646:
641:
636:
632:
630:
626:
623:
614:
605:
603:
598:
596:
592:
588:
583:
581:
577:
567:
558:
554:
546:
537:
535:
530:
525:
523:
517:
509:
505:
498:
494:
490:
488:
487:spring reverb
482:
480:
476:
472:
468:
467:potentiometer
464:
463:photoresistor
460:
455:
451:
442:
428:
426:
422:
418:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
384:Hammond organ
380:
378:
374:
370:
365:
361:
356:
354:
353:modesty panel
350:
346:
342:
338:
333:
330:
325:
323:
319:
314:
311:
310:
304:
299:
295:
294:Castelfidardo
291:
283:
278:
272:
270:
258:
242:
220:
218:
214:
210:
209:Hammond organ
206:
202:
197:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
162:
157:
153:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
125:
121:
118:Electronics:
117:
116:
115:
109:
106:
105:
104:
100:
96:
93:
89:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
59:
55:
52:
49:
45:
41:
36:
30:
19:
18:Farfisa organ
2385:Telharmonium
2370:Organ makers
2365:Lowrey organ
2316:Gibson G-101
2305:
2180:
2161:
2138:
2129:
2128:
2115:. Retrieved
2110:
2101:
2089:. Retrieved
2084:
2075:
2066:
2061:
2049:. Retrieved
2044:
2035:
2023:. Retrieved
2021:. 3 May 2003
2018:
2009:
2000:
1991:
1979:. Retrieved
1974:
1965:
1958:Jenkins 2009
1953:
1946:Jenkins 2009
1941:
1929:. Retrieved
1924:
1915:
1903:. Retrieved
1899:
1890:
1878:. Retrieved
1869:
1857:. Retrieved
1848:
1839:
1835:
1830:
1811:
1805:
1793:. Retrieved
1783:
1777:
1758:
1752:
1733:
1727:
1684:. Retrieved
1680:
1671:
1664:Jenkins 2009
1644:. Retrieved
1639:
1630:
1623:Jenkins 2009
1618:
1606:. Retrieved
1602:
1576:
1564:. Retrieved
1560:
1551:
1539:. Retrieved
1535:
1526:
1514:
1502:. Retrieved
1498:
1489:
1477:. Retrieved
1473:
1464:
1452:. Retrieved
1448:
1405:
1393:
1347:
1335:
1323:
1314:
1305:
1293:. Retrieved
1284:
1257:. Retrieved
1253:the original
1243:
1131:
1089:
1077:. Retrieved
1072:
1047:
1046:
1032:Farfisa Beat
1012:
996:
991:
973:
952:Jimmy Destri
941:
934:
924:
906:
901:
894:
891:Dancing Days
887:Led Zeppelin
869:
838:
831:Philip Glass
808:
798:, including
769:
759:
753:
744:
740:Percy Sledge
724:Gibson G-101
720:Ray Manzarek
688:The Pharaohs
684:Sam the Sham
682:, known as "
677:
649:
637:
633:
619:
608:Later models
599:
584:
572:
555:
551:
526:
522:drum machine
518:
514:
502:
497:Kate Pierson
483:
447:
420:
412:synthesizers
408:Lear Siegler
381:
357:
349:Gibson G-101
326:
315:
308:
287:
266:
198:
174:Sam the Sham
160:
151:
150:
138:synthesizers
134:combo organs
113:
91:Headquarters
29:
2380:Riha Adagio
2301:Doric Organ
2296:Combo organ
2289:Roland VK-8
2284:Roland VK-7
2264:Chord organ
1981:27 February
1931:27 February
1640:MatrixSynth
944:garage rock
849:Four Organs
845:Steve Reich
784:Hugh Banton
692:Wooly Bully
591:swell pedal
421:ACI Farfisa
400:Deep Purple
337:Aspio Terme
332:combo organ
51:Electronics
2423:Categories
2375:Philicorda
2353:Organ trio
1043:References
1019:Nord Stage
1009:Emulations
1003:Mike Dirnt
979:Clint Boon
956:The B-52's
871:Elton John
800:distortion
758:(1967) to
750:Pink Floyd
673:Pink Floyd
645:aftertouch
622:transistor
602:pitch bend
404:Uriah Heep
369:pitch bend
318:reed organ
269:media help
257:Nord Stage
182:Pink Floyd
142:accordions
2390:Tonewheel
2338:Guitorgan
2274:Korg CX-3
1880:11 August
1859:11 August
1454:28 August
1295:29 August
1259:29 August
1048:Citations
993:Green Day
987:Stereolab
983:Post-rock
905:'s album
819:Sly Stone
776:2006 tour
761:Ummagumma
716:The Doors
529:germanium
471:headphone
364:germanium
290:accordion
201:accordion
194:the B-52s
186:Sly Stone
2328:Electone
2117:25 March
2091:25 March
2051:30 March
2025:23 March
1905:16 March
1795:23 March
1686:27 March
1646:30 March
1608:16 March
1566:24 March
1541:16 March
1025:See also
926:Moondawn
698:'s hit "
489:system.
425:Bontempi
417:intercom
373:Camerano
108:Intercom
102:Products
85:Bontempi
47:Industry
2306:Farfisa
2130:Sources
2045:Tape Op
1504:6 April
1479:6 April
1079:3 April
1036:Squeeze
998:Warning
948:Blondie
893:" from
804:phasing
459:console
375:in the
284:, Italy
223:History
190:Blondie
156:Italian
152:Farfisa
97:, Italy
72:Founder
62: (
57:Founded
2187:
2168:
2149:
2047:. 2013
1818:
1765:
1740:
1075:. 2006
985:group
864:Sun Ra
780:Echoes
629:Reverb
431:Models
377:Marche
345:Gibson
322:Lowrey
298:Ancona
282:Ancona
192:, and
110:system
855:1970s
821:from
786:from
738:" by
660:1960s
166:Osimo
95:Osimo
2348:List
2185:ISBN
2166:ISBN
2147:ISBN
2119:2022
2093:2022
2053:2022
2027:2022
1983:2021
1933:2021
1907:2022
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