33:
841:
Lamnidis, Thiseas C.; Majander, Kerttu; Jeong, Choongwon; Salmela, Elina; Wessman, Anna; Moiseyev, Vyacheslav; Khartanovich, Valery; Balanovsky, Oleg; Ongyerth, Matthias; Weihmann, Antje; Sajantila, Antti; Kelso, Janet; Pääbo, Svante; Onkamo, Päivi; Haak, Wolfgang (27 November 2018).
207:
Finnic peoples migrated westward from very approximately the Volga area into northwestern Russia and (first the Sami and then the Baltic Finns) into
Scandinavia, though scholars dispute the timing. The ancestors of the Perm Finns moved north and east to the
260:
appear in a few written texts starting from about two millennia ago in association with peoples of northern Europe. The first known use of this name to refer to the people of what is now
Finland is in the 10th-century
639:
see page 219, para
Ethnology and Language.—The term Finns has a wider application than Finland, being, with its adjective Finnic or Finno-Ugric or Ugro-Finnic......&.... (5) The Ugrian Finns include the
378:, and perhaps to other hunter-gatherers of Scandinavia. It was still used with this meaning in Norway in the early 20th century, but is now considered derogatory. Thus there is
505:
723:
678:
753:
220:
began to divide into their current diversity by the sixth century, and had coalesced into their current nations by the sixteenth.
401:(11th to 14th centuries), some of the oldest written sources probably originating from the closest proximity, use words like
497:
204:. These linguistic connections were discovered between the end of the eighteenth and beginning of the twentieth centuries.
606:
538:
701:
386:
in Sweden, in an area that is not known to have been Finnic-speaking. The name was also applied to what is now
183:
were also considered to be a branch of Finns (as "Ugrian Finns"), but such terminology is not in use anymore.
775:
944:
275:. Among the first written sources possibly designating western Finland as the "land of Finns" are also two
238:
with scarce historical references and therefore rather questionable etymology. Its probable cognates, like
731:
804:(in Norwegian) (18 ed.). Kristiania, Norge: W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri. pp. 1–7.
479:
413:
inconsistently. However, most of the time they seem to mean northern dwellers with a mobile life style.
633:
596:
280:
627:
425:
654:
Ways of
Describing Nenets and Khanty "Character" in 19th Century Russian Ethnographic Literature
80:
459:
24:
528:
855:
527:
Golden, Peter B. (1994) . "The peoples of the
Russian forest belt". In Sinor, Denis (ed.).
370:), which is believed to have been applied during the first millennium CE to the (pre–
139:. The broadest sense in the contemporary usage includes four groups: the Baltic Finns, the
78:, are the nations who speak languages traditionally classified in the Finnic (now commonly
8:
188:
859:
884:
844:"Ancient Fennoscandian genomes reveal origin and spread of Siberian ancestry in Europe"
843:
577:
454:
347:
315:
156:
672:
653:
920:
889:
871:
747:
622:
602:
581:
534:
201:
160:
119:
The scope of the terms "Finn" and "Finnic" varies by context. They can refer to the
879:
863:
567:
371:
311:
136:
908:
355:
325:
304:
290:
229:
84:) language family, and which are thought to have originated in the region of the
140:
867:
938:
924:
875:
667:
420:
in a more toponymical approach. Yet another theory postulates that the words
164:
893:
572:
555:
449:
144:
120:
109:
46:
32:
398:
375:
276:
262:
217:
148:
128:
113:
101:
85:
52:
40:
626:
341:
416:
Other etymological interpretations associate the ethnonym "Finns" with
209:
193:
152:
58:
693:
797:
383:
351:
93:
335:
329:
319:
533:. Vol. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 230.
379:
213:
176:
172:
97:
767:
387:
294:
269:
180:
168:
132:
124:
105:
816:
350:) 'pedestrian', 'wanderer'. It may thus have originated from an
266:
556:"On North-Western Contacts of Perm Finns in VII–VIII Centuries"
382:
in Norway, which can be understood as "Sami country", but also
235:
390:, which at the time was inhabited by "Sami" hunter-gatherers.
671:
444:
394:
240:
89:
20:
840:
439:
155:
of Russia. The last two include the Finnic peoples of the
36:
The Finnic nations identified by language (west to east):
88:. The largest Finnic peoples by population are the
637:. Vol. IX (9th ed.). pp. 216–220.
216:rivers. Those Finnic peoples who remained in the
936:
408:
402:
365:
359:
760:
598:The East Finnic minorities in the Soviet Union
553:
298:
284:
814:
682:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
554:Goldina, Ekaterina; Goldina, Rimma (2018).
883:
571:
530:The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia
815:Berg-Nordlie, Mikkel (26 January 2023),
666:
594:
186:The Finnic peoples are sometimes called
31:
937:
906:
752:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
621:
526:
334:(Old High German) 'check', 'try'; and
704:from the original on 9 September 2021
16:Various groups of Finno-Ugric peoples
796:
508:from the original on 8 December 2012
318:origin and related to such words as
179:. Until the early 20th century, the
310:It has been suggested that the non-
13:
657:, Folklore vol. 12., December 1999
498:"Национальный состав населения по
234:The name "Finn(ic)" is an ancient
14:
956:
802:Norske gaardnavne: Finmarkens amt
307:), dating from the 11th century.
907:Kallio, Petri (4 January 1998).
778:from the original on 8 July 2004
900:
834:
808:
790:
716:
560:Estonian Journal of Archaeology
686:
660:
645:
615:
588:
547:
520:
500:субъектам Российской Федерации
490:
484:Encyclopædia Britannica Online
472:
1:
909:"Suomi(ttavia etymologioita)"
601:. Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia.
465:
200:, uniting them also with the
768:"Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura"
223:
7:
433:
10:
961:
868:10.1038/s41467-018-07483-5
267:
227:
74:, sometimes simply called
18:
595:Lallukka, Seppo (1990).
192:, uniting them with the
19:Not to be confused with
679:Encyclopædia Britannica
634:Encyclopædia Britannica
480:"Finno-Ugric languages"
409:
403:
366:
360:
342:
336:
330:
320:
297:, with the inscription
283:, with the inscription
573:10.3176/arch.2018.2.04
340:(Old High German) and
314:ethnonym "Finn" is of
299:
285:
281:Norrtälje Municipality
63:
848:Nature Communications
821:Store norske leksikon
460:Finno-Ugric languages
35:
25:Baltic Finnic peoples
328:) 'find', 'notice';
293:), and the other in
945:Finno-Ugric peoples
860:2018NatCo...9.5018L
623:Keltie, John Scott
455:Finnic mythologies
348:Middle High German
279:in Sweden: one in
157:Komi-Permyak Okrug
112:(330,000) and the
64:
734:on 6 October 2007
316:Germanic language
161:Russian republics
96:(1 million), the
92:(6 million), the
51:Yellows and red:
952:
929:
928:
904:
898:
897:
887:
838:
832:
831:
830:
828:
817:"finner (samer)"
812:
806:
805:
794:
788:
787:
785:
783:
764:
758:
757:
751:
743:
741:
739:
730:. Archived from
720:
714:
713:
711:
709:
694:"Uralic peoples"
690:
684:
683:
675:
664:
658:
649:
643:
642:
630:
619:
613:
612:
592:
586:
585:
575:
551:
545:
544:
524:
518:
517:
515:
513:
494:
488:
487:
476:
412:
406:
372:reindeer herding
369:
363:
345:
339:
333:
323:
302:
288:
274:
273:
137:Northwest Russia
960:
959:
955:
954:
953:
951:
950:
949:
935:
934:
933:
932:
905:
901:
839:
835:
826:
824:
813:
809:
795:
791:
781:
779:
766:
765:
761:
745:
744:
737:
735:
724:"Archived copy"
722:
721:
717:
707:
705:
692:
691:
687:
665:
661:
650:
646:
628:"Finland"
620:
616:
609:
593:
589:
552:
548:
541:
525:
521:
511:
509:
496:
495:
491:
478:
477:
473:
468:
436:
356:hunter-gatherer
326:Old High German
232:
230:Finn (ethnonym)
226:
108:(550,000), the
104:(570,000), the
100:(800,000), the
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
958:
948:
947:
931:
930:
915:(in Finnish).
899:
833:
823:(in Norwegian)
807:
789:
759:
715:
685:
673:"Russia"
670:, ed. (1911).
668:Chisholm, Hugh
659:
644:
614:
607:
587:
566:(2): 163–180.
546:
539:
519:
489:
470:
469:
467:
464:
463:
462:
457:
452:
447:
442:
435:
432:
430:are cognates.
393:The Icelandic
228:Main article:
225:
222:
72:Fennic peoples
62:
61:
55:
49:
43:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
957:
946:
943:
942:
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926:
922:
918:
914:
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903:
895:
891:
886:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
837:
822:
818:
811:
803:
799:
793:
777:
773:
769:
763:
755:
749:
733:
729:
728:vesta.narc.fi
725:
719:
703:
699:
695:
689:
681:
680:
674:
669:
663:
656:
655:
648:
641:
636:
635:
629:
624:
618:
610:
608:951-41-0616-4
604:
600:
599:
591:
583:
579:
574:
569:
565:
561:
557:
550:
542:
540:9780521243049
536:
532:
531:
523:
507:
503:
501:
493:
485:
481:
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471:
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458:
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451:
448:
446:
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441:
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431:
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428:
423:
419:
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411:
405:
400:
396:
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389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
368:
362:
357:
353:
349:
344:
338:
332:
327:
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317:
313:
308:
306:
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296:
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287:
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278:
271:
264:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
242:
237:
231:
221:
219:
215:
211:
205:
203:
199:
195:
191:
190:
184:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
159:and the four
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
117:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
82:
77:
73:
69:
60:
56:
54:
50:
48:
44:
42:
38:
37:
34:
30:
26:
22:
916:
912:
902:
851:
847:
836:
825:, retrieved
820:
810:
801:
792:
780:. Retrieved
771:
762:
736:. Retrieved
732:the original
727:
718:
706:. Retrieved
697:
688:
677:
662:
652:
647:
638:
632:
617:
597:
590:
563:
559:
549:
529:
522:
510:. Retrieved
499:
492:
483:
474:
450:Fennoscandia
426:
421:
417:
415:
392:
309:
258:Scridefinnum
257:
253:
249:
245:
239:
233:
206:
197:
187:
185:
145:Fennoscandia
143:of northern
121:Baltic Finns
118:
81:Finno-Permic
79:
75:
71:
67:
65:
47:Baltic Finns
29:
854:(1): 5018.
708:9 September
698:www.suri.ee
651:Art Leete,
640:Voguls.....
399:Norse sagas
277:rune stones
263:Old English
254:Skrithfinni
218:Volga basin
189:Finno-Ugric
149:Volga Finns
129:Scandinavia
116:(100,000).
86:Volga River
53:Volga Finns
919:(4): 613.
827:24 January
798:Rygh, Oluf
738:15 January
466:References
194:Hungarians
153:Perm Finns
147:, and the
59:Perm Finns
925:2242-8828
913:Virittäjä
876:2041-1723
582:166188106
384:Finnveden
354:word for
352:Old Norse
224:Etymology
94:Estonians
939:Category
894:30479341
800:(1924).
782:17 March
776:Archived
748:cite web
702:Archived
625:(1879).
506:Archived
434:See also
380:Finnmark
364:(plural
331:fanthian
300:finlandi
214:Vychegda
202:Samoyeds
177:Udmurtia
173:Mordovia
98:Mordvins
57:Browns:
885:6258758
856:Bibcode
512:5 April
486:. 2013.
388:Finland
321:finthan
305:G 319 M
295:Gotland
286:finlont
270:Widsith
246:Phinnoi
181:Ugrians
169:Mari El
133:Estonia
125:Finland
106:Udmurts
45:Blues:
39:Pinks:
923:
892:
882:
874:
772:Sgr.fi
605:
580:
537:
410:finnas
367:finnar
312:Uralic
252:, and
250:Finnum
236:exonym
198:Uralic
68:Finnic
578:S2CID
445:Fenni
404:finnr
395:Eddas
343:vende
337:fendo
291:U 582
265:poem
241:Fenni
196:, or
110:Komis
90:Finns
76:Finns
21:Finns
921:ISSN
890:PMID
872:ISSN
829:2024
784:2015
754:link
740:2022
710:2021
603:ISBN
535:ISBN
514:2020
440:Chud
427:kven
424:and
422:finn
407:and
397:and
376:Sami
361:finn
212:and
210:Kama
175:and
165:Komi
151:and
141:Sami
135:and
114:Sami
102:Mari
66:The
41:Sami
917:102
880:PMC
864:doi
568:doi
418:fen
163:of
123:of
70:or
23:or
941::
911:.
888:.
878:.
870:.
862:.
850:.
846:.
819:,
774:.
770:.
750:}}
746:{{
726:.
700:.
696:.
676:.
631:.
576:.
564:22
562:.
558:.
504:.
482:.
374:)
358:,
256:/
248:,
244:,
171:,
167:,
131:,
127:,
927:.
896:.
866::
858::
852:9
786:.
756:)
742:.
712:.
611:.
584:.
570::
543:.
516:.
502:"
346:(
324:(
303:(
289:(
272:"
268:"
27:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
