3397:
There were 52,260 murders in Brazil, consecutively elevating the record set in 2009. Over half a million people were shot to death in Brazil between 1979 and 2003. 33,335 murder cases were registered across India, approximately 17,000 murders in
Colombia (the murder rate was 38 per 100,000 people, in 2008 murders went down to 15,000), approximately 16,000 murders in South Africa, approximately 15,000 murders in the United States, approximately 26,000 murders in Mexico, about 8,000 murders committed in Russia, approximately 13,000 murders in Venezuela, approximately 4,000 murders in El Salvador, approximately 1,400 murders in Jamaica, approximately 550 murders in Canada and approximately 470 murders in Trinidad and Tobago. Pakistan reported 12,580 murders.
88:
4479:
rape or sex offense, robbery, kidnapping, burglary, or other felony committed or attempted with the use of a deadly weapon, shall be ... murder in the first degree ... and shall be punished by death or life imprisonment ... except that any person ... under 17 years of age at the time of the murder shall be punished with imprisonment ... for life. All other kinds of murder, including that which shall be proximately caused by the unlawful distribution of opium or any synthetic or natural salt, compound, derivative, or the preparation of opium ... cause the death of the user, shall be ... murder in the second degree and ... shall be punished as a Class C felony
3232:
3312:
2463:
3308:
period from 1972 to 1994, before falling to 5 in present times. The increase since 1957 would have been even greater if not for the significant improvements in medical techniques and emergency response times, which mean that more and more attempted homicide victims survive. According to one estimate, if the lethality levels of criminal assaults of 1964 still applied in 1993, the country would have seen the murder rate of around 26 per 100,000, almost triple the actually observed rate of 9.5 per 100,000.
2955:
2481:§ 40.15 Mental disease or defect. In any prosecution for an offense, it is an affirmative defence that when the defendant engaged in the proscribed conduct, he lacked criminal responsibility by reason of mental disease or defect. Such lack of criminal responsibility means that at the time of such conduct, as a result of mental disease or defect, he lacked substantial capacity to know or appreciate either: 1. The nature and consequences of such conduct; or 2. That such conduct was wrong.
9256:
9995:
9265:
9132:
3445:'s Supplementary Homicide Report indicated that nearly half of the 14,990 murder victims that year were black (7421). In the year 2007, there were 3,221 black victims and 3,587 white victims of non-negligent homicides. While 2,905 of the black victims were killed by a black offender, 2,918 of the white victims were killed by white offenders. There were 566 white victims of black offenders and 245 black victims of white offenders. The "white" category in the
9142:
3406:
113:
3293:
2165:) is maintained; when differentiating between murder and manslaughter, the only relevant factor is the existence or not of premeditation (rather than the existence or not of mitigating or aggravated factors). Manslaughter (non-premeditated intentional killing) with aggravating factors is punished more severely, but it is not classified as murder, because murder is an offense which always requires premeditation.
3336:. Since most murders are committed by young males, the near simultaneous low in the murder rates of major developed countries circa 1960 can be attributed to low birth rates during the Great Depression and World War II. Causes of further moves are more controversial. Some of the more exotic factors claimed to affect murder rates include the availability of abortion and the likelihood of chronic exposure to
2544:, infanticide was made a separate crime from murder in 1949, applicable for the mother of a baby under one year old where "the balance of her mind was disturbed by reason of her not having fully recovered from the effect of giving birth to the child or by reason of the effect of lactation consequent upon the birth of the child". Since independence, death sentences for murder in such cases had always been
3422:
3367:
2231:: acting in self-defense or in defense of another person is generally accepted as legal justification for killing a person in situations that would otherwise have been murder. However, a self-defense killing might be considered manslaughter if the killer established control of the situation before the killing took place, such as
2035:(literally 'assassination'): takes place when any of these requirements concur: Treachery (the use of means to avoid risk for the aggressor or to ensure that the crime goes unpunished), price or reward (financial gain) or viciousness (deliberately increasing the pain of the victim). After the last reform of the
4478:
Murder in the First and Second Degree (14–17) A murder which shall be perpetrated by ... poison, lying in wait, imprisonment, starving, torture, or by any other kind of willful, deliberate and premeditated killing or which shall be committed in the perpetration or attempted perpetration of any arson,
3279:
reported in
October 2002 that a person is murdered every 60 seconds. An estimated 520,000 people were murdered in 2000 around the globe. Another study estimated the worldwide murder rate at 456,300 in 2010 with a 35% increase since 1990. Two-fifths of them were young people between the ages of 10 and
2509:
A person who, at the time he acted, was suffering from a psychological or neuropsychological disorder which reduced his discernment or impeded his ability to control his actions, remains punishable; however, the court shall take this into account when it decides the penalty and determines its regime.
3433:
In the United States, 666,160 people were killed between 1960 and 1996. Approximately 90% of murders in the US are committed by males. Between 1976 and 2005, 23.5% of all murder victims and 64.8% of victims murdered by intimate partners were female. For women in the US, homicide is the leading cause
2750:
homicide (art. 222-7 French penal code, art. 584 Italian penal code, art. 227 German penal code etc.). Felony murder contrasts with the principle of guilt, for which in
England it was, at least formally, abolished in 1957, in Canada it was quashed by the Supreme Court, while in the USA it continues
2570:
killing, but manslaughter also includes criminally negligent (i.e. grossly negligent) homicide. Unintentional killing that results from an involuntary action generally cannot constitute murder. After examining the evidence, a judge or jury (depending on the jurisdiction) would determine whether the
2552:
and the solemn words of the judge pronouncing sentence of death in those cases ... where it is clear to the Court and to everybody, except perhaps the unfortunate accused, that the sentence will never be carried out." In Russia, murder of a newborn child by the mother has been a separate crime since
2046:
As with most legal terms, the precise definition of murder varies between jurisdictions and is usually codified in some form of legislation. Even when the legal distinction between murder and manslaughter is clear, it is not unknown for a jury to find a murder defendant guilty of the lesser offense.
3396:
The following absolute murder counts per-country are not comparable because they are not adjusted by each country's total population. Nonetheless, they are included here for reference, with 2010 used as the base year (they may or may not include justifiable homicide, depending on the jurisdiction).
2815:
The potential effect of fully abolishing the rule can be seen in the case of 74-year-old
William Barnes, charged with the murder of a Philadelphia police officer Walter T. Barclay Jr., who he had shot nearly 41 years previously. Barnes had served 16 years in prison for attempting to murder Barkley,
2737:
in some common law jurisdictions broadens the crime of murder: when an offender kills in the commission of a dangerous crime, (regardless of intent), he or she is guilty of murder. The felony murder rule is often justified by its supporters as a means of preventing dangerous felonies, but the case
2345:
In the United States, in most states and in federal jurisdiction, a killing by a police officer is excluded from prosecution if the officer reasonably believes they are being threatened with deadly force by the victim. This may include such actions by the victim as reaching into a glove compartment
2015:
Under state of mind (iii), an "abandoned and malignant heart", the killing must result from the defendant's conduct involving a reckless indifference to human life and a conscious disregard of an unreasonable risk of death or serious bodily injury. In
Australian jurisdictions, the unreasonable risk
2376:
in 1994 as not requiring any proof of the viability of the fetus as a prerequisite to a murder conviction. This holding has two implications. Firstly, a defendant in
California can be convicted of murder for killing a fetus which the mother herself could have terminated without committing a crime.
2089:
The most common division is between first- and second-degree murder. Generally, second-degree murder is common law murder, and first-degree is an aggravated form. The aggravating factors of first-degree murder depend on the jurisdiction, but may include a specific intent to kill, premeditation, or
3307:
In the United States, murder rates have been higher and have fluctuated. They fell below 2 per 100,000 by 1900, rose during the first half of the century, dropped in the years following World War II, and bottomed out at 4.0 in 1957 before rising again. The rate stayed in 9 to 10 range most of the
2121:
of wrongfully and intentionally causing the death of another human being (also known as murder) after rationally considering the timing or method of doing so, in order to either increase the likelihood of success, or to evade detection or apprehension. State laws in the United States vary as to
1957:
carried its everyday meaning – a deliberate and premeditated (prior intent) killing of another motivated by ill will. Murder necessarily required that an appreciable time pass between the formation and execution of the intent to kill. The courts broadened the scope of murder by eliminating the
3327:
A similar, but less pronounced pattern has been seen in major
European countries as well. The murder rate in the United Kingdom fell to 1 per 100,000 by the beginning of the 20th century and as low as 0.62 per 100,000 in 1960, and was at 1.28 per 100,000 as of 2009. The murder rate in France
2011:
or instrument against the victim, such use authorises a permissive inference of intent to kill. Examples of deadly weapons and instruments include but are not limited to guns, knives, deadly toxins or chemicals or gases and even vehicles when intentionally used to harm one or more victims.
3471:
was effectively imposed in the late 1960s. This fact has been used to argue that capital punishment serves as a deterrent and, as such, it is morally justified. Capital punishment opponents frequently counter that the United States has much higher murder rates than Canada and most
2540:. According to Susan Friedman, "Two dozen nations have infanticide laws that decrease the penalty for mothers who kill their children of up to one year of age. The United States does not have such a law, but mentally ill mothers may plead not guilty by reason of insanity." In the
2122:
definitions of "premeditation". In some states, premeditation may be construed as taking place mere seconds before the murder. Premeditated murder is one of the most serious forms of homicide, and is punished more severely than manslaughter or other types of homicide, often with a
2561:
For a killing to be considered murder in nine out of fifty states in the US, there normally needs to be an element of intent. A defendant may argue that they took precautions not to kill, that the death could not have been anticipated, or was unavoidable. As a general rule,
2799:
In the United States, many jurisdictions have abolished the rule as well. Abolition of the rule has been accomplished by enactment of statutory criminal codes, which had the effect of displacing the common-law definitions of crimes and corresponding defenses. In 2001 the
7127:
6492:"A report of the trial of Arthur Hodge, Esquire, (late one of the members of His Majesty's Council for the Virgin-Islands) at the island of Tortola, on the 25th April, 1811, and adjourned to the 29th of the same month, for the murder of his Negro man slave named Prosper"
1966:, murder requires the mental element known as malice aforethought. Mitigating factors that weigh against a finding of intent to kill, such as "loss of control" or "diminished responsibility", may result in the reduction of a murder charge to voluntary manslaughter.
3331:
The specific factors driving these dynamics in murder rates are complex and not universally agreed upon. Much of the raise in the U.S. murder rate during the first half of the 20th century is generally thought to be attributed to gang violence associated with
2393:. This means that a person may be found guilty of "manslaughter" on the basis of "diminished responsibility" rather than being found guilty of murder, if it can be proved that the killer was suffering from a condition that affected their judgment at the time.
2719:, but is not classified into degrees. Penalties for murder committed under aggravating circumstances are often higher under English law than the 15-year minimum non-parole period that otherwise serves as a starting point for a murder committed by an adult.
3086:"That is why We ordained for the Children of Israel that whoever takes a life—unless as a punishment for murder or mischief in the land—it will be as if they killed all of humanity; and whoever saves a life, it will be as if they saved all of humanity."
2446:
are not legally considered insanity. In some jurisdictions, following the pre-trial hearing to determine the extent of the disorder, the defense of "not guilty by reason of insanity" may be used to get a not guilty verdict. This defense has two elements:
2784:
With advances in modern medicine, most countries have abandoned a fixed time period and test causation on the facts of the case. This is known as "delayed death" and cases where this was applied or was attempted to be applied go back to at least 1966.
3467:. Using properly filtered data, it is possible to make the case for or against either of these issues. For example, one could look at murder rates in the United States from 1950 to 2000, and notice that those rates went up sharply shortly after a
2990:
1956: 195) This statement is true for most
African tribes, for pre-modern Europeans, for Indigenous Australians, and for Native Americans, according to ethnographic reports from all over the world. ... Homicides rise to incredible numbers among
2187:, that is, an act which is evil within itself. An act such as murder is wrong or evil by its very nature, and it is the very nature of the act which does not require any specific detailing or definition in the law to consider murder a crime.
2999:. When a boy is born, the father has to kill a man. He needs a name for his child and can receive it only by a man, he himself has murdered. When a man wants to marry, he must kill a man. When a man dies, his family again has to kill a man.
2330:), committed frequently by a husband, father or male relative of the victim, is not considered murder; it may not be considered a criminal act or it may be considered a criminal offense other than murder. International law, including the
2216:
The killing of enemy combatants who have not surrendered, when committed by lawful combatants in accordance with lawful orders in war, is generally not considered murder. Illicit killings within a war may constitute murder or homicidal
7123:
4150:
2194:
case law or previous decisions of the courts of law. However, although the common law is by nature flexible and adaptable, in the interests both of certainty and of securing convictions, most common law jurisdictions have
1958:
requirement of actual premeditation and deliberation as well as true malice. All that was required for malice aforethought to exist is that the perpetrator act with one of the four states of mind that constitutes "malice".
2745:
The felony-murder reflects the versari in re illicita: the offender is objectively responsible for the event of the unintentional crime; in fact the figure of the civil law systems corresponding to felony murder is the
3089:"˹They are˺ those who do not invoke any other god besides Allah, nor take a ˹human˺ life—made sacred by Allah—except with ˹legal˺ right, nor commit fornication. And whoever does ˹any of˺ this will face the penalty."
4998:
2599:. Afterward, California amended its penal code to provide "As a matter of public policy there shall be no defense of diminished capacity, diminished responsibility, or irresistible impulse in a criminal action...."
3912:("The killing of another person without justification or excuse, especially the crime of killing a person with malice aforethought or with recklessness manifesting extreme indifference to the value of human life.")
4981:
3803:
recognizes a fetus as a legal victim if injured or killed during the commission of certain federal crimes. This law applies to federal jurisdictions and certain crimes but excludes legal abortions and medical
2524:
Those who successfully argue a defense based on a mental disorder are usually referred to mandatory clinical treatment until they are certified safe to be released back into the community, rather than prison.
2245:
is a partial defense to a charge of murder which acts by converting what would otherwise have been murder into manslaughter (this is voluntary manslaughter, which is more severe than involuntary manslaughter).
5535:
2152:
classifies murder as either first- or second-degree. The former type of murder is often called premeditated murder, although premeditation is not the only way murder can be classified as first-degree. In the
2816:
but when the policeman died on August 19, 2007, this was alleged to be from complications of the wounds suffered from the shooting – and Barnes was charged with his murder. He was acquitted on May 24, 2010.
7102:
1931:– the total and irreversible cessation of blood circulation and respiration. With advances in medical technology courts have adopted irreversible cessation of all brain function as marking the end of life.
1847:
of murder in a court of law. After arrest, for example, journalists may instead write that the person was "arrested on suspicion of murder", or, after a prosecutor files charges, as an "accused murderer".
3382:, around 4.5 in 2014, with rates in larger cities sometimes over 40 per 100,000. The top ten highest murder rates are in Honduras (91.6 per 100,000), El Salvador, Ivory Coast, Venezuela, Belize, Jamaica,
2019:
Under state of mind (iv), the felony-murder doctrine, the felony committed must be an inherently dangerous felony, such as burglary, arson, rape, robbery or kidnapping. Importantly, the underlying felony
2506:
A person is not criminally liable who, when the act was committed, was suffering from a psychological or neuropsychological disorder which destroyed his discernment or his ability to control his actions.
2381:
in his dissent, because women carrying nonviable fetuses may not be visibly pregnant, it may be possible for a defendant to be convicted of intentionally murdering a person they did not know existed.
4916:
1941:
of a human : This element presents the issue of when life begins. At common law, a fetus was not a human being. Life began when the fetus passed through the vagina and took its first breath.
3487:
in the past few decades, the fraction of murders solved has decreased in the United States, from 90% in 1960 to 61% in 2007. Solved murder rates in major U.S. cities varied in 2007 from 36% in
2986:
from Sudan: "Homicide is not forbidden, and Nuer do not think it wrong to kill a man in fair fight. On the contrary, a man who slays another in combat is admired for his courage and skill." (
4142:
3378:, Iceland, Switzerland, Italy, Spain and Germany are among the lowest in the world, around 0.3–1 cases per 100,000 people per year; the rate of the United States is among the highest of
7186:
7220:
5116:
7484:
6783:
5259:"2011 California Code :: Penal Code :: PART 1. OF CRIMES AND PUNISHMENTS [25 - 680] :: TITLE 1. OF PERSONS LIABLE TO PUNISHMENT FOR CRIME :: Section 28"
2297:
Killing to prevent the theft of one's property may be legal under certain circumstances, depending on the jurisdiction. In 2013, a jury in south Texas acquitted a man who killed a
2355:
All jurisdictions require that the victim be a natural person; that is, a human being who was still alive before being murdered. In other words, under the law one cannot murder a
7077:
7324:
1897:
when a person, of sound memory and discretion, unlawfully kills any reasonable creature in being and under the king's peace, with malice aforethought, either express or implied.
5790:
7460:
5759:
4994:
3389:
2248:
Accidental killings are considered homicides. Depending on the circumstances, these may or may not be considered criminal offenses; they are often considered manslaughter.
5929:
5023:
Friedman, SH. "Commentary: Postpartum
Psychosis, Infanticide, and Insanity Implications for Forensic Psychiatry", J Am Acad Psychiatry Law 40:3:326-332 (September 2012).
3217:
was a social code that required
Corsicans to kill anyone who wronged their family honor. Between 1821 and 1852, no fewer than 4,300 murders were perpetrated in Corsica.
1663:
Most societies consider murder to be an extremely serious crime, and thus believe that a person convicted of murder should receive harsh punishments for the purposes of
2930:
are associated with an increased homicide rate, most notably narcissistic, anti-social, and histrionic personality disorders and those associated with psychopathology.
2458:
That the defendant's mental condition, at the time of the killing, rendered the perpetrator unable to determine right from wrong, or that what they were doing was wrong
4674:
5404:
3726:
5898:
2106:, but they differ significantly in which kinds of murders they classify as second-degree versus third-degree. For example, Minnesota defines third-degree murder as
7098:
6842:
4461:
2051:, or in the case of a bullied victim who kills their tormentor), and the jury may wish to protect the defendant from a sentence of life imprisonment or execution.
6734:
3304:
per 100,000 in Europe have fallen over the centuries, from 35 per 100,000 in medieval times, to 20 in 1500 AD, 5 in 1700, to below two per 100,000 in 1900.
6652:
4781:
5375:"Постановление Пленума Верховного Суда РФ от 27.01.1999 N 1 (ред. от 03.03.2015) "О судебной практике по делам об убийстве (ст. 105 УК РФ)" \ КонсультантПлюс"
7049:
7011:
6872:
5874:
4531:
4502:
7248:
5043:
7506:
6517:
3931:
7566:
4908:
2773:
after the attack. This reflects the likelihood that if the victim dies, other factors will have contributed to the cause of death, breaking the chain of
2342:) prohibits these types of killings (see Article 42 – Unacceptable justifications for crimes, including crimes committed in the name of so-called honor).
2148:) criminalizes premeditated murder, felony murder and second-degree murder committed under situations where federal jurisdiction applies. In Canada, the
6903:
3457:, which has resulted in reduced lethality of violent assaults – thus the murder rate may not necessarily indicate the overall level of social violence.
7155:
6706:
Harris, Anthony R.; Stephen H. Thomas; Gene A. Fisher; David J. Hirsch (May 2002). "Murder and medicine: the lethality of criminal assault 1960–1999".
6621:
3519:) tends to be relatively high for murder compared to other crimes, due to its seriousness. In the United States, the clearance rate was 62.6% in 2004.
2869:
Morall takes a biological view of offending when he insists the risk factors that may increase the chance that somebody will commit a murder include:
6591:
3359:, murder rates in most countries have declined significantly during the 20th century and are now between 1 and 4 cases per 100,000 people per year.
6929:
1948:
was considered murder. The requirement that the person killed be someone other than the perpetrator excluded suicide from the definition of murder.
5487:
3417:, Finland is the most famous unsolved homicide case in Finnish criminal history. The tent is investigated immediately after the murders in 1960.
5971:
5258:
4323:
4255:
3226:
2264:: some countries practice the death penalty. Capital punishment may be ordered by a legitimate court of law as the result of a conviction in a
7179:
5848:
5181:
5151:
6812:
5819:
4181:
2809:
7213:
4212:
8789:
6357:
5449:
4851:
7488:
5108:
5014:
by the demand of the public authority, but the prefect systematically use that procedure whenever a man is discharged due to his dementia.
4929:
The longstanding official deference to the viewpoint of police officers is enshrined in the laws of some states and Supreme Court rulings.
1908:
unlawful : This distinguishes murder from killings that are done within the boundaries of law, such as capital punishment, justified
6775:
4387:
7073:
3323:. The rate has declined greatly: from 45/100,000 to a low of 0.6 in the 1950s. The last decades have seen the homicide rate rise slowly.
3280:
29 who were killed by other young people. Because murder is the least likely crime to go unreported, statistics of murder are seen as a
9105:
7676:
3983:
7710:
7321:
4809:
4740:
4631:
4560:
3463:
Development of murder rates over time in different countries is often used by both supporters and opponents of capital punishment and
3137:, the goddess of death and destruction. According to some estimates the Thuggees murdered 1 million people between 1740 and 1840. The
5782:
5751:
2789:
2777:; and also means that the responsible person does not have a charge of murder "hanging over their head indefinitely". Subject to any
7467:
6649:
2315:– killing of attacker by the potential victim or by witnesses to the scene; legal in parts of the US and in various other countries.
9178:
5374:
2251:
Suicide does not constitute murder in most societies. Assisting a suicide, however, may be considered murder in some circumstances.
7437:
7345:
10025:
8121:
7404:
5709:
4039:
3503:. Major factors affecting the arrest rate include witness cooperation and the number of people assigned to investigate the case.
3468:
2304:
Killing an intruder who is found by an owner to be in the owner's home (having entered unlawfully): legal in most US states (see
1987:
Reckless indifference to an unjustifiably high risk to human life (sometimes described as an "abandoned and malignant heart"), or
7545:
5521:
2190:
Some jurisdictions still take a common law view of murder. In such jurisdictions, what is considered to be murder is defined by
6681:
3866:
3800:
3480:, and on average, the influence of both these factors may not be significant and could be more social, economic, and cultural.
2716:
2286:
patient, if the intention is solely to alleviate pain, in many jurisdictions it is seen as a special case (see the doctrine of
1074:
5916:
8182:
8146:
7643:
7276:
6959:
6546:
6475:
6448:
6341:
6272:
6190:
6163:
5719:
5675:
4845:
4710:
4590:
4292:
4070:
3328:(excluding Corsica) bottomed out after World War II at less than 0.4 per 100,000, quadrupling to 1.6 per 100,000 since then.
2074:
Some jurisdictions divide murder by degrees. The distinction between first- and second-degree murder exists, for example, in
5065:
Rattigan, Clíona (January 2008). "'Done to death by father or relatives': Irish families and infanticide cases, 1922–1950".
4666:
8116:
6987:
6311:
5924:
4952:
4696:
4462:"Ley Orgánica 1/2015, de 30 de marzo, por la que se modifica la Ley Orgánica 10/1995, de 23 de noviembre, del Código Penal"
4346:
2804:
held that retroactive application of a state supreme court decision abolishing the year-and-a-day rule did not violate the
7374:
5396:
4893:
8418:
5894:
3363:, the region with the highest murder rate in the world, experienced more than 2.5 million murders between 2000 and 2017.
2043:) into assassination is the desire to facilitate the commission of another crime or to prevent it from being discovered.
1885:
17:
6834:
5639:
8151:
7604:
6741:
5665:
3958:
3834:
2801:
2792:. However, if death occurs three years or more after the original attack then prosecution can take place only with the
2423:
2346:
or pocket for license and registration, if the officer reasonably believes that the victim might be reaching for a gun.
2140:
1583:
8126:
7583:
7519:
6762:
6383:
5955:
4773:
4239:
3898:
2643:
Multiple murders committed within one criminal transaction or in different transactions as part of one broader scheme
5614:
2016:
must amount to a foreseen probability of death (or grievous bodily harm in most states), as opposed to possibility.
1739:"homicide, murder; murderer". There was a third word for "murder" in Proto-Germanic, continuing Proto-Indo-European
9855:
9777:
3612:
3352:
3333:
710:
474:
7042:
7018:
6864:
4100:
2682:, which occur when a perpetrator targets a victim because of their perceived membership in a certain social group.
42:
8654:
8106:
7796:
7768:
4523:
4490:
3442:
3360:
2856:
The murderer seeks to kill a loathed person (such as an abusive parent) or members of a loathed group or culture.
2588:
2439:
2103:
7734:
7244:
6289:
5033:
3786:
This is "malice" in a technical legal sense, not the more usual English sense denoting an emotional state. See
3923:
3681:
2541:
2398:
2079:
946:
199:
3441:
males aged 15 to 34. Between 1976 and 2008, African Americans were victims of 329,825 homicides. In 2006, the
87:
8202:
7880:
6895:
6613:
4761:
3450:
3158:
1608:
956:
9850:
7148:
469:
9171:
8680:
8224:
8131:
8098:
7541:
3182:
2212:
Although laws vary by country, there are circumstances of exclusion that are common in many legal systems.
1696:
1623:. This state of mind may, depending upon the jurisdiction, distinguish murder from other forms of unlawful
1263:
1031:
940:
9973:
9958:
3460:
Workplace homicide, which tripled during the 1980s, is the fastest growing category of murder in America.
8136:
6587:
3476:
countries, although all those countries have abolished the death penalty. Overall, the global pattern is
2536:(also known as post-natal depression) is recognized in some countries as a mitigating factor in cases of
2373:
2060:
1315:
7621:
5313:
3661:
2781:, the accused could still be charged with an offense reflecting the seriousness of the initial assault.
9985:
9540:
9281:
5576:
5326:
3766:
1067:
630:
278:
5472:
1727:"secret or unlawful killing of a person, murder; mortal sin, crime; punishment, torment, misery"; and
10040:
8503:
8373:
5600:
3276:
2495:
2402:
2135:
2114:(except when the underlying felony is specifically listed in the definition of first-degree murder).
1823:
1672:
1384:
924:
72:
38:
6925:
5840:
5266:
1679:. In most countries, a person convicted of murder generally receives a long-term prison sentence, a
5811:
5189:
5159:
4430:
4414:
3538:
2909:
2515:
2359:, a corporation, a non-human animal, or any other non-human organism such as a plant or bacterium.
1974:
1650:
1616:
971:
194:
6804:
6155:
5382:
3824:
2157:, the traditional strict distinction between premeditated intentional killing (classed as murder,
9655:
9164:
8981:
8976:
8904:
8826:
8111:
6109:[Correlation between homicide rates and economic indicators in São Paulo, Brazil, 1996].
5441:
5137:
4447:
4434:
4418:
4206:
4164:
3741:
3651:
3550:
2545:
2438:, and excuse the person from the need to undergo the stress of a trial as to liability. Usually,
2025:
789:
65:
6361:
4865:
4833:
2978:. In the past, certain types of homicide were lawful and justified. Georg Oesterdiekhoff wrote:
10030:
9963:
9767:
9757:
9380:
9255:
9016:
8909:
8649:
8555:
8520:
8141:
7952:
7868:
5427:
5352:
5280:
5011:
4123:
3656:
3627:
3512:
3198:
2903:
2778:
2611:
is often punished more harshly. Depending on the jurisdiction, such circumstances may include:
2339:
2232:
2149:
1928:
1638:
1576:
1320:
1285:
961:
700:
690:
376:
225:
174:
127:
7503:
6514:
6438:
6180:
6045:
4803:"Assembly, No. 159, State of New Jersey, 213th Legislature, The "New Jersey Self Defense Law""
4384:
3337:
1809:(attested up to the 19th century) springs directly from the Old English forms. Middle English
9752:
9515:
8899:
8821:
8634:
8530:
8466:
8431:
8069:
7875:
7843:
7563:
6465:
6084:
6076:
5878:
5739:
5339:
3746:
3736:
3706:
3592:
3446:
2987:
2712:
2533:
2443:
2366:
2228:
2107:
2075:
2036:
1712:, in fact, had two nouns derived from this word, later merging into the modern English noun:
1233:
1149:
1060:
981:
685:
605:
7672:
6402:
5559:
3980:
3231:
2824:
According to Peter Morrall, the motivations for murder fit into the following 4 categories:
9845:
9762:
9747:
9641:
9011:
8864:
8753:
8715:
8705:
8471:
7838:
7702:
6491:
5998:
5297:
4802:
4732:
4635:
4552:
4426:
4410:
3756:
3751:
3716:
3711:
3686:
3666:
3632:
3496:
3194:
3077:
2927:
2708:
2692:
2372:, expressly mentioned a fetus as being capable of being killed, and was interpreted by the
1981:
1379:
1198:
775:
695:
680:
464:
7762:
2938:
2059:"Murder in the second degree" and "Premeditated murder" redirect here. For the album, see
8:
9935:
9311:
9199:
9071:
8936:
8236:
7977:
7957:
7937:
7900:
7789:
7757:
7332:
7124:"Information on the death of the population of causes of death in the Russian Federation"
6885:
Table 1, Crime in the United States by Volume and Rate per 100,000 Inhabitants, 1995–2014
5869:
3696:
3691:
3676:
3383:
3379:
3054:
3039:
2770:
2760:
2700:
2667:
Methods which are dangerous to the public e.g. explosion, arson, shooting in a crowd etc.
2580:
2462:
2405:
are examples of conditions that may be taken into account when assessing responsibility.
2394:
2369:
2331:
2242:
2066:
1953:
1664:
1646:
1642:
1620:
1347:
1134:
1112:
919:
307:
259:
189:
179:
7154:(in Spanish). Programa Venezolano de Educación-Acción en Derechos Humanos. p. 397.
6002:
3311:
3145:
would withdraw his support for them and destroy the world as they knew it. According to
3007:, although there might also be a form of payment that could be made instead—such as the
2389:
Some countries allow conditions that "affect the balance of the mind" to be regarded as
9860:
9840:
9805:
9795:
9413:
9394:
9326:
9235:
9117:
9021:
8961:
8921:
8869:
8801:
8773:
8685:
8639:
8231:
7863:
7833:
7429:
7349:
6569:
6233:
6208:
6061:
6021:
5986:
5965:
5881:
5227:
5090:
5038:
4317:
4249:
3947:
3761:
3721:
3701:
3671:
3622:
3607:
3571:
3410:
3193:
charged the defendant with murdering his own slave. In 1811, the wealthy white planter
2967:
2876:, the primary male sex hormone, is correlated with competitive and assertive behaviour.
2728:
2676:
Murder committed in order to obtain material gain, for example to obtain an inheritance
2567:
2418:
2261:
2196:
2131:
2028:
such as assault, otherwise all criminal homicides would be murder as all are felonies.
1876:
1684:
1668:
1364:
1330:
1325:
1290:
1238:
1228:
1154:
1023:
840:
830:
479:
459:
411:
392:
322:
219:
7396:
5513:
4031:
2102:
are also treated as first-degree murder. A few states in the U.S. further distinguish
10035:
9865:
9701:
9356:
9321:
8889:
8884:
8728:
8710:
8343:
8331:
7600:
7579:
7532:
7515:
7301:
6758:
6471:
6444:
6337:
6268:
6186:
6159:
6128:
6026:
5951:
5715:
5671:
5094:
5082:
4841:
4706:
4288:
4235:
3954:
3894:
3830:
3587:
2805:
2704:
2608:
2390:
2335:
2291:
2273:
2123:
1917:
1784:
1680:
1569:
1193:
1174:
1169:
1002:
976:
861:
484:
352:
317:
95:
6705:
6673:
6646:
A History of Murder: Personal Violence in Europe from the Middle Ages to the Present
6123:
6106:
5895:"Shooter acquitted of murder charge in 1966 shooting of Philadelphia police officer"
5783:"Will John Hinckley Jr. Face Murder Charges for the 'Delayed Death' of James Brady?"
4613:
3858:
2144:
9921:
9627:
9565:
9460:
9145:
9098:
8996:
8811:
8806:
8763:
8540:
8535:
8321:
8187:
8177:
8079:
8064:
8049:
8000:
7853:
7752:
6715:
6225:
6221:
6151:
6118:
6057:
6016:
6006:
5219:
5074:
3533:
3438:
3043:
3023:
3012:
2829:
2793:
2653:
2474:
2414:
2048:
1843:
are generally careful not to identify a suspect as a murderer until the suspect is
1676:
1600:
1547:
1532:
1359:
1144:
1139:
1124:
951:
909:
904:
761:
655:
550:
245:
7647:
7269:
7074:"Crime in the United States by Volume and Rate per 100,000 Inhabitants, 1991–2010"
6951:
6536:
6105:
Barata, Rita Barradas; Ribeiro, Manoel Carlos Sampaio de Almeida (February 2000).
4995:"Code de la Santé Publique Chapitre III: Hospitalisation d'office Article L3213-1"
4582:
4062:
4005:
10020:
10015:
9895:
9821:
9495:
9401:
9301:
9230:
9086:
9051:
9001:
8956:
8931:
8570:
8441:
8300:
8172:
8167:
8084:
8034:
8027:
8015:
7925:
7739:
7575:
7570:
7510:
7328:
6656:
6521:
6011:
5692:
5245:
5078:
4956:
4391:
4338:
4280:
3987:
3888:
3731:
3166:
3154:
3142:
2774:
2747:
2587:
used this defense to obtain a manslaughter conviction, instead of murder, in the
2305:
1934:
through criminal act or omission : Killing can be committed by an act or an
1791:
1295:
1186:
1181:
895:
585:
514:
440:
399:
297:
235:
165:
150:
6980:
6719:
6307:
4949:
3848:("The unlawful killing of another human being without justification or excuse.")
2933:
Several studies have shown that there is a correlation between murder rates and
2687:
2673:
Murder committed in order to conceal another crime or facilitate its commission.
9905:
9900:
9870:
9692:
9386:
9240:
9135:
8859:
8690:
8451:
8386:
8219:
8197:
8074:
8022:
7782:
7370:
6229:
6088:
6046:"Poverty, Inequality, and City Homicide Rates. Some Not So Unexpected Findings"
4866:"Introduction - Preliminary Examination of so-called honour killings in canada"
4840:. University of Minnesota: University of Minnesota Libraries Publishing. 2015.
4405:
3637:
3577:
3516:
3473:
3426:
3341:
3301:
3122:
3110:
3047:
2659:
2632:
2592:
2486:
2312:
2283:
2282:, doctor-assisted suicide: the administration of lethal drugs by a doctor to a
2265:
2083:
1935:
1770:
1709:
1612:
1280:
1275:
1253:
1007:
965:
524:
519:
489:
382:
8592:
7017:(in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal. p. 20. Archived from
6206:
Shah, Sayed Sikandar (January 1999). "Homicide in Islam: Major Legal Themes".
6107:"Relação entre homicídios e indicadores econômicos em São Paulo, Brasil, 1996"
3083:"Do not take a ˹human˺ life—made sacred by Allah—except with ˹legal˺ right."
1656:, where it is recognized, is a killing that lacks all but the most attenuated
10009:
9637:
9535:
9341:
9291:
8894:
8879:
8836:
8794:
8748:
8582:
8560:
8436:
8403:
8295:
8270:
5086:
3567:
3563:
3492:
3356:
3057:
3050:
3027:
2954:
2893:
2621:
2431:
2327:
2287:
2111:
2099:
2091:
2008:
1995:
1921:
1505:
1258:
1223:
1218:
1164:
1119:
771:
625:
337:
287:
79:
3022:
One of the oldest-known prohibitions against murder appears in the Sumerian
2318:
In some countries, the killing for what are considered reasons connected to
9945:
9880:
9485:
9376:
9361:
9110:
8991:
8874:
8758:
8675:
8599:
8587:
8446:
8353:
8290:
8285:
8280:
8275:
8208:
8059:
8039:
7982:
7967:
7858:
6132:
6030:
3826:
West's Encyclopedia of American Law Volume 7 (Legal Representation to Oyez)
3787:
3582:
3477:
2915:
2897:
2873:
2626:
2563:
2466:
2378:
2319:
1963:
1909:
1860:
1632:
1628:
1400:
1306:
1270:
1248:
1129:
1012:
575:
499:
372:
357:
269:
120:
9968:
2834:
The murderer seeks to kill rivals to obtain objects of their sexual desire
9649:
9645:
9555:
9306:
9220:
9066:
9061:
9031:
8986:
8966:
8951:
8946:
8926:
8843:
8768:
8738:
8695:
8525:
8408:
8044:
8010:
7942:
7920:
7915:
7905:
7753:
Introduction and Updated Information on the Seville Statement on Violence
6660:
4909:"Is a Police Shooting a Crime? It Depends on the Officer's Point of View"
3602:
3597:
3464:
3454:
3429:. More than 800,000 people were murdered in Brazil between 1980 and 2004.
3320:
3186:
3146:
3102:
3030:. The code states, "If a man commits a murder, that man must be killed."
2992:
2983:
2679:
2596:
2537:
2269:
2222:
2183:
2154:
2039:, in force since July 1, 2015, another circumstance that turns homicide (
1880:
1840:
1721:
1552:
1490:
1433:
1428:
1213:
1203:
1027:
783:
779:
645:
302:
231:
155:
7302:"The Lake Bodom Murders: Finland's Most Famous Unsolved Triple Homicide"
3197:
was hanged for murdering several of his slaves on his plantation in the
2548:; the new act was intended "to eliminate all the terrible ritual of the
9999:
9940:
9726:
9607:
9602:
9480:
9366:
9346:
9336:
9316:
9270:
9245:
9215:
9036:
9006:
8971:
8941:
8914:
8816:
8644:
8604:
8456:
8413:
8391:
8358:
8054:
7972:
7930:
7910:
7820:
6735:"American Homicide Supplemental Volume (AHSV), European Homicides (EH)"
6237:
5987:"Is poverty the mother of crime? Evidence from homicide rates in China"
5231:
4092:
3617:
3543:
3500:
3281:
3004:
2996:
2887:
2844:
2838:
2769:
accused of murder is not guilty if the victim survives for longer than
2739:
2638:
2362:
2298:
2279:
2238:
Unlawful killings without malice or intent are considered manslaughter.
2174:
1890:
1836:
1777:
1510:
1450:
1445:
1410:
1405:
1369:
1048:
934:
886:
741:
736:
570:
362:
342:
332:
312:
264:
184:
137:
3003:
In many such societies the redress was not via a legal system, but by
9910:
9890:
9875:
9810:
9716:
9711:
9680:
9670:
9632:
9570:
9550:
9490:
9465:
9081:
9076:
9041:
8831:
8723:
8508:
8461:
8398:
8363:
8338:
8214:
7895:
7890:
7322:
BRAZIL: Youth Still in Trouble, Despite Plethora of Social Programmes
3484:
3375:
3316:
3073:
2919:
2880:
2788:
In England and Wales, the "year-and-a-day rule" was abolished by the
2766:
2584:
2549:
2452:
2427:
2235:. In the case of self-defense, it is called a "justifiable homicide".
2218:
2191:
2117:
Some jurisdictions also distinguish premeditated murder. This is the
2095:
1913:
1844:
1557:
1520:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1440:
1415:
1374:
1243:
1159:
876:
871:
845:
814:
804:
766:
660:
640:
580:
555:
529:
509:
494:
9994:
9264:
8659:
7450:
Chapter 6, Responding to Workplace Violence and Staff Victimization.
7245:"Police-reported crime for selected offences, Canada, 2009 and 2010"
5223:
4733:"Man Kills Suspected Intruders While Protecting Neighbor's Property"
3405:
3355:
vary greatly among countries and societies around the world. In the
2646:
Murder of a police officer, judge, firefighter or witness to a crime
9830:
9800:
9721:
9665:
9617:
9592:
9574:
9510:
9475:
9446:
9428:
9423:
9406:
9371:
9351:
9056:
9026:
8577:
8565:
8498:
8326:
7995:
7962:
7848:
7828:
6541:
6146:
Schimmel, Solomon (2008). "Envy in Jewish Thought and Literature".
3008:
2975:
2860:
2734:
2579:
In jurisdictions using the Uniform Penal Code, such as California,
2435:
1864:
1852:
1657:
1624:
1537:
1527:
1515:
1500:
1474:
1423:
1208:
1095:
997:
929:
881:
835:
799:
751:
726:
664:
600:
565:
449:
426:
421:
404:
367:
347:
144:
4880:""Honour" Killings in Yemen: Tribal Tradition and the Law - Daraj"
2699:
In the United States and Canada, these murders are referred to as
9930:
9772:
9738:
9706:
9675:
9622:
9597:
9545:
9525:
9520:
9500:
9470:
9433:
9418:
9331:
9296:
9156:
9093:
8733:
8700:
8545:
8493:
8254:
8192:
8005:
7885:
5752:"Criminal lawyers back review of time limit for homicide charges"
4987:
3292:
3210:
3162:
3130:
3126:
3118:
3114:
3109:
Shi'ite sect, active from the 8th to 14th centuries. This mystic
3106:
3016:
2934:
2356:
2199:
their criminal law and now have statutory definitions of murder.
1969:
The four states of mind recognised as constituting "malice" are:
1945:
1542:
1495:
914:
866:
809:
756:
731:
705:
635:
615:
610:
590:
560:
431:
416:
327:
292:
254:
112:
4879:
3366:
3060:, which are part of the scripture for both Jews and Christians.
9835:
9660:
9530:
9225:
9046:
8513:
8381:
8305:
7947:
6217:
3924:"China and US among top punishers but death penalty in decline"
3488:
3340:
during childhood (due to the use of leaded paint in houses and
2959:
2851:
2127:
1991:
1856:
794:
620:
454:
215:
4655:
A Dictionary of Modern Legal Usage By Bryan A. Garner, p. 545.
3386:, Guatemala, Saint Kitts and Nevis and Zambia. (UNODC, 2011 –
2664:
Murder committed by an offender previously convicted of murder
9560:
9505:
9455:
9188:
8629:
8609:
8550:
8348:
7805:
7101:(in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía.
3421:
3414:
3170:
3141:
believed that without regular offerings of blood the sun god
3138:
3069:
2962:
strangling a traveller on a highway in the early 19th century
2941:
in Brazil with lower income also had higher rates of murder.
2847:" a loved one with a major deformity or an incurable illness.
2323:
2118:
1744:
1604:
650:
595:
545:
7430:"Promising Victim-Related Practices in Probation and Parole"
4217:
Book the Fourth – Chapter the Fourteenth : Of Homicide.
2912:
circulating in the body are linked to heightened aggression.
9885:
9612:
7185:(in Spanish). La Prensa Grafica de El Salvador. p. 1.
6757:"Freakonomics", Steven D. Levitt, Stephen J. Dubner, 2005,
4612:
Koninkrijksrelaties, Ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken en.
3214:
3134:
2971:
1716:"death, killing, murder" (directly from Proto-Indo-European
1017:
746:
504:
7530:
3453:. Murder demographics are affected by the improvement of
2161:) and non-premeditated intentional killing (manslaughter,
7043:"Murder in RSA for April to March 2003/2004 to 2010/2011"
6805:"Violent crime has undermined democracy in Latin America"
5985:
Dong, Baomin; Egger, Peter H.; Guo, Yibei (18 May 2020).
3319:
since 1400 AD. The murder rate was very high in the
2090:
deliberation. In some, murders committed by acts such as
1354:
7774:
7219:. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. p. 95.
6077:"Psychosocial causes of the crime of murder in Pakistan"
5210:
Michaels, Alan C. (1985). "Defining Unintended Murder".
4182:"Is killing a pregnant woman a case of double homicide?"
3374:
Murder rates in jurisdictions such as Japan, Singapore,
3344:
as a gasoline additive in internal combustion engines).
2322:, usually involving killing due to sexual, religious or
2311:
Killing to prevent specific forms of aggravated rape or
2047:
The jury might sympathize with the defendant (e.g. in a
1901:
At common law, murder was normally punishable by death.
5316:
Mandatory life sentences for murder of police officers.
4275:
4273:
4271:
4269:
4267:
4265:
3296:
Intentional homicide rate per 100,000 inhabitants, 2009
3235:
International murder rate per 100,000 inhabitants, 2011
1835:
In many countries, out of concern for being accused of
1631:. Manslaughter is killing committed in the absence of
5640:"Körperverletzung mit Todesfolge, § 227 StGB - Exkurs"
5615:"Art. 584 codice penale - Omicidio preterintenzionale"
5303:
5143:
2181:. According to common law, murder is considered to be
1893:
definition of murder, which by this definition occurs
1797:), though the same sound development can be seen with
9983:
5664:
Reimann, Mathias; Zimmermann, Reinhard (2019-03-26).
5292:
5290:
5109:"Infanticide Bill, 1949—Second and Subsequent Stages"
3080:
is to kill a human being who has committed no fault.
2007:
applies. Thus, if the defendant intentionally uses a
9260:
4262:
3437:
In the US, murder is the leading cause of death for
2883:
increases likelihood of impulsive hostile behaviour.
59:
Unlawful killing of a human with malice aforethought
7514:". Bonnie S. Fisher, Steven P. Lab (2010). p. 706.
7275:. Human Rights Commission of Pakistan. p. 98.
3893:(5 ed.). Random House Publishing Group. 2012.
3181:Southern slave codes did make willful killing of a
2937:. A 2000 study showed that regions of the state of
1695:The modern English word "murder" descends from the
7641:
6835:"Latin America Is the Murder Capital of the World"
5287:
4774:"Texas man acquitted of killing Craigslist escort"
3946:
78:"Double murder" redirects here. For the film, see
7424:
7422:
6650:"Rap Sheet Why is American history so murderous?"
6515:Wanderings in Corsica: Its History and Its Heroes
5897:. PA Media Group. Associated Press. 24 May 2010.
5663:
5179:
5149:
4950:7 Cal. 4th 797, 30 Cal. Rptr. 2d 50, 872 P.2d 591
4664:
2922:can provoke aggressive behaviour and even murder.
2652:Crime committed for pay or other reward, such as
2426:may apply to a wide range of disorders including
2110:, whereas Florida defines third-degree murder as
1855:consider abortion a form of murder, treating the
10007:
7735:Lord Mustill on the Common Law concerning murder
7534:Sourcebook of criminal justice statistics Online
7504:Encyclopedia of Victimology and Crime Prevention
6701:
6699:
5182:"Section II – Involuntary Offences Against Life"
4906:
4208:Blackstone's Commentaries on the Laws of England
2455:had a serious mental illness, disease, or defect
2255:
7403:. U.S. Department of Justice. 2 December 2016.
6640:
6638:
5910:
5908:
5428:"2006 Utah Code - 76-5-202 — Aggravated murder"
4611:
4421:; but the common law has been modified in NSW:
4307:
3129:elite for political and religious reasons. The
2865:The murderer seeks some form of financial gain.
71:"Murderer" redirects here. For other uses, see
7673:"Why Fewer Murder Cases Get Solved These Days"
7466:. Bureau of Justice Statistics. Archived from
7419:
6178:
6100:
6098:
5173:
4658:
4004:Nielson, William A.; Patch, Howard R. (1921).
3566:, the murder of a prominent person, such as a
3227:List of countries by intentional homicide rate
2334:(the first legally binding convention against
2272:for a serious crime. All member states of the
9172:
7790:
6986:. National Crime Records Bureau. p. 24.
6896:"Crime Rates for Selected Large Cities, 2005"
6732:
6696:
6443:. Univ of North Carolina Press. p. 172.
6104:
6075:Suhail, Kausar; Javed, Fareha (Winter 2004).
5389:
5010:, note: this text refers to the procedure of
3185:illegal in most cases. For example, the 1860
2003:Under state of mind (i), intent to kill, the
1944:by another human : In early common law,
1927:killing : At common law life ended with
1859:as a person. In some countries, a fetus is a
1577:
1068:
6635:
5984:
5905:
5434:
5058:
4702:, Oxford University Press, 1997, pp. 175–177
4491:"The Impulsive Murder and the Degree Device"
4381:Introduction to the Law of the United States
4032:"Falsely Accused Suspect Pursues Libel Case"
4003:
3204:
2602:
2276:are prohibited from using the death penalty.
1783:, itself derived from the Germanic noun via
7696:
7694:
6588:"WHO: 1.6 million die in violence annually"
6185:. BoD – Books on Demand. pp. 169–170.
6095:
6074:
5514:"Serving Life for Providing Car to Killers"
4310:Glanville Williams Textbook of Criminal Law
3153:, "between 10,000 and 80,400 persons" were
3033:
2810:Article I of the United States Constitution
2384:
1702:which meant "killing", a noun derived from
23:
9179:
9165:
7797:
7783:
7666:
7664:
7622:"What is Workplace Violence? - TAL Global"
6331:
6253:– McCarthy, Kevin M.. Volume 48, pp. 77–83
6081:Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research
5970:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
5950:. London, United Kingdom. pp. 62–65.
5473:"Two Economic Rationals for Felony Murder"
4397:
4322:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
4254:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
4204:
2571:killing was intentional or unintentional.
1584:
1570:
1075:
1061:
24:
7819:
7531:Ann L. Pastore; Kathleen Maguire (eds.).
7208:
7206:
6949:
6156:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195327953.003.0002
6122:
6020:
6010:
5945:
5577:"Article 222-7 - Code pénal - Légifrance"
4894:"Full list - Treaty Office - www.coe.int"
4140:
4063:"Getting a hand up on court, crime terms"
2970:, the first ever murder was committed by
2790:Law Reform (Year and a Day Rule) Act 1996
2301:who attempted to run away with his money.
2082:. Some US states maintain the offense of
1754:"death, killing, murder" and Old English
7691:
7597:Workplace Wellness: Issues and Responses
7594:
6926:"Óbitos por Causas Externas 1996 a 2010"
6567:
6145:
5917:"Murder and society: why commit murder?"
5209:
5064:
4941:
4939:
4937:
4900:
4694:
4279:
4225:
4223:
4165:"UNBORN VICTIMS OF VIOLENCE ACT OF 2004"
3420:
3404:
3365:
3310:
3300:According to scholar Pieter Spierenburg
3291:
3230:
2953:
2528:
2461:
1916:by lawful combatants as well as causing
1867:person is considered a double homicide.
86:
32:This is an accepted version of this page
7700:
7661:
7619:
6776:"Lead: America's Real Criminal Element"
6549:from the original on September 18, 2017
6534:
6525:". Ferdinand Gregorovius (1855). p.196.
6440:Southern Slavery and the Law, 1619-1860
6308:"Thuggee (Thagi) (13th C. to ca. 1838)"
6262:
5914:
5901:from the original on 10 September 2017.
5833:
5780:
5690:
4700:Voluntary Euthanasia and the Common Law
4688:
4488:
4234:(Fifth ed.). London. p. 804.
4143:"Crossfire: Abortion should be illegal"
4029:
3881:
3851:
3799:For example, in the United States, the
3287:
3133:cult that plagued India was devoted to
3092:
3026:written sometime between 2100 and 2050
2819:
1904:The elements of common law murder are:
1758:"death, crime, murder" (compare German
14:
10008:
7713:from the original on 10 September 2017
7679:from the original on 10 September 2017
7461:"Homicide trends in the United States"
7440:from the original on 10 September 2017
7299:
7203:
6684:from the original on 10 September 2017
6614:"Killing in L.A. drops to 1967 levels"
6436:
6400:
6386:[Sacrifice and flowery wars].
6384:"El sacrificio y las guerras floridas"
6381:
6287:
6043:
5804:
5707:
5667:The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Law
5511:
5452:from the original on 25 September 2015
5417:Criminal Code of Russia art.105 p.2"k"
5364:Criminal Code of Russia art.105 p.2"e"
4815:from the original on September 2, 2012
4593:from the original on 10 September 2017
4563:from the original on 10 September 2017
4308:Dennis J. Baker (2012). "Chapter 11".
4060:
3801:Unborn Victims of Violence Act of 2004
2944:
2754:
2574:
1875:The eighteenth-century English jurist
9160:
8147:List of ways people dishonor the dead
7778:
7670:
6875:from the original on 2 September 2017
6611:
6182:The Steps of Man Towards Civilization
6111:Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública
5470:
4934:
4229:
4220:
4153:from the original on 6 November 2019.
3944:
3015:could be paid to the victim's family
2890:appears to affect mood and behaviour.
2722:
1951:with malice aforethought: Originally
7742:Co. Inst., Pt. III, ch.7, p. 50
7646:. Disastercenter.com. Archived from
7564:Race and crime: a biosocial analysis
7487:. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from
7397:"Fact Sheet: Violence Against Women"
7377:from the original on 20 January 2012
7346:"Twentieth Century Atlas – Homicide"
6906:from the original on 23 October 2017
6773:
6463:
6205:
6044:Bailey, William C. (November 1984).
5925:Centre for Crime and Justice Studies
5738:, 2003 WI 42, 261 Wis. 2d 249 (2003)
5493:from the original on 21 October 2016
4795:
4784:from the original on 18 October 2014
4349:from the original on 2 February 2017
4157:
4124:"An Argument That Abortion Is Wrong"
4010:. New York: Harcourt, Brace & Co
3921:
3483:Despite the immense improvements in
3370:UNODC: Per 100,000 population (2011)
2949:
2765:In some common law jurisdictions, a
2469:holding a shotgun during his rampage
1731:"murderer; homicide" (from the verb
1619:as defined by the law in a specific
7769:Cezanne's depiction of "The Murder"
7703:"Why fewer murder cases get solved"
7701:Whitley, Brian (24 December 2008).
7540:(31st ed.). Albany, New York:
7371:"What Motivates Some Women to Kill"
7076:. Federal Bureau of Investigation.
6674:"US murder rate by year, 1900–2010"
6568:Albrecht, Harro (7 February 2013).
6360:. Cdis.missouri.edu. Archived from
5793:from the original on March 10, 2015
5762:from the original on 14 August 2017
4919:from the original on August 1, 2016
4336:
4211:. Avalon Project, Yale Law School.
4141:Stoltzfus, Abby (6 November 2019).
4121:
3869:from the original on 2 October 2017
3347:
3157:in the 1487 re-consecration of the
2377:And secondly, as stated by Justice
1886:Commentaries on the Laws of England
1863:who can be murdered, and killing a
56:
9186:
8152:List of ways people honor the dead
7765:– U.S. Centers for Disease Control
7485:"Homicide Victims by Race and Sex"
7407:from the original on 1 August 2017
7149:"Derecho a la seguridad ciudadana"
6535:Holguin, Jaime (October 3, 2002).
6062:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1984.tb00314.x
5781:Wofford, Taylor (August 9, 2014).
5741:(search for "year-and-a-day rule")
5714:(in French). Editis - Interforum.
5034:"Infanticide Act, 1949, Section 1"
4980:N.Y. Penal Law, § 40.15, found at
4907:Joseph Goldstein (July 28, 2016).
4073:from the original on June 24, 2016
4042:from the original on 4 August 2019
3644:
2802:Supreme Court of the United States
2742:shows it can be used very widely.
2658:Exceptional brutality or cruelty,
1830:
57:
10052:
8183:Gompertz–Makeham law of mortality
7746:
7642:Christopher Effgen (2001-09-11).
7348:. Users.erols.com. Archived from
6952:"UN highlights Brazil gun crisis"
6865:"2014 Crime in the United States"
6845:from the original on 22 July 2019
6815:from the original on 22 July 2019
4583:"Title 18 USC, Sec. 1111, Murder"
4103:from the original on June 3, 2016
3556:
2906:can lead to reduced self control.
2173:According to Blackstone, English
1735:"to murder"), giving Old English
9993:
9778:Perverting the course of justice
9263:
9254:
9202:. Not all types are listed here.
9140:
9131:
9130:
7763:Atlas of United States Mortality
7635:
7613:
7599:. Brown Bear Press. p. 19.
7588:
7555:
7551:from the original on 2010-05-30.
7524:
7495:
7477:
7453:
7401:Office on Violence Against Women
7389:
7363:
7338:
7314:
7293:
7262:
7237:
7172:
7141:
7116:
7091:
7066:
7048:. South African Police Service.
7035:
7004:
6973:
6943:
6918:
6888:
6857:
6827:
6797:
6767:
6751:
6726:
6666:
6605:
6580:
6561:
6528:
6506:
6484:
6457:
6430:
6417:
6394:
6375:
6350:
6325:
6300:
6281:
6256:
5935:from the original on 2020-07-24.
5524:from the original on 2017-09-29.
5407:from the original on 2014-10-17.
5119:from the original on 1 July 2016
5046:from the original on 1 June 2016
4854:from the original on 2018-01-30.
4632:"Blackstone, Book 4, Chapter 14"
4524:"Minnesota Second-Degree Murder"
4379:Wise, Edward. "Criminal Law" in
4215:from the original on 2011-08-10.
3934:from the original on 2017-02-17.
3890:The American Heritage Dictionary
3613:Murder conviction without a body
3527:
3506:
3400:
3315:The historical homicide rate in
3169:with their sword at anyone of a
2974:against his brother Abel out of
2556:
711:Perverting the course of justice
111:
9516:Intellectual property violation
9141:
7728:
7282:from the original on 2012-06-11
7270:"State of Human Rights in 2010"
7251:from the original on 2012-07-23
7226:from the original on 2012-01-31
7192:from the original on 2011-10-18
7161:from the original on 2012-06-08
7130:from the original on 2013-01-17
7105:from the original on 2011-10-28
7080:from the original on 2012-05-12
7055:from the original on 2012-04-02
6993:from the original on 2012-05-13
6962:from the original on 2010-03-27
6950:Kingstone, Steve (2005-06-27).
6932:from the original on 2013-01-15
6869:Federal Bureau of Investigation
6786:from the original on 2017-08-11
6648:, Polity, 2008. Referred to in
6624:from the original on 2011-01-19
6594:from the original on 2010-06-11
6590:. Online.sfsu.edu. 2002-10-04.
6403:"The Enigma of Aztec Sacrifice"
6336:. Pearson Longman. p. 82.
6314:from the original on 2013-04-14
6244:
6199:
6172:
6139:
6124:10.1590/s1020-49892000000200008
6068:
6037:
5978:
5939:
5887:
5862:
5851:from the original on 2015-09-04
5822:from the original on 2015-09-04
5774:
5744:
5728:
5701:
5684:
5657:
5632:
5607:
5593:
5569:
5552:
5528:
5505:
5464:
5420:
5411:
5367:
5358:
5345:
5332:
5319:
5273:
5251:
5238:
5203:
5131:
5101:
5026:
5017:
5001:from the original on 2008-10-21
4997:(in French). Legifrance. 2002.
4974:
4962:
4886:
4872:
4858:
4826:
4766:
4754:
4743:from the original on 2014-10-18
4725:
4677:from the original on 2008-04-08
4649:
4624:
4605:
4575:
4545:
4534:from the original on 2018-03-14
4516:
4505:from the original on 2018-03-13
4482:
4472:
4454:
4440:
4373:
4361:
4343:Philosophy 4826, Life and Death
4330:
4301:
4198:
4174:
4134:
4115:
4085:
4054:
4030:Goodman, Brenda (27 May 2006).
3793:
3443:Federal Bureau of Investigation
3361:Latin America and the Caribbean
2982:Evans-Pritchard says about the
2583:may be a defense. For example,
1774:mordre, mourdre, murder, murdre
606:Intellectual property violation
10026:Common law offences in Ireland
7436:. U.S. Department of Justice.
6733:Randolph Roth (October 2009).
6401:Harner, Michael (April 1977).
6382:Hassig, Ross (13 March 2017).
6288:Rushby, Kevin (11 June 2005).
6179:Oesterdiekhoff, Georg (2011).
5281:"Section 630:1 Capital Murder"
5115:. 7 July 1949. Vol.36 c.1472.
4022:
3997:
3974:
3953:. Cambridge University Press.
3938:
3915:
3817:
3780:
3173:who compromised their honour.
2542:law of the Republic of Ireland
2399:post-traumatic stress disorder
2241:In many common law countries,
1776:could have been influenced by
13:
1:
8203:Maternal mortality in fiction
7180:"Homicidios en Centroamérica"
6265:The Secret Societies Handbook
5816:, 646 N.E.2d 582 (Ill. 1995)"
4762:Joe Horn shooting controversy
4345:. University of St. Andrews.
4061:Fisher, Doug (July 1, 2003).
3811:
3469:moratorium on death sentences
3159:Great Pyramid of Tenochtitlan
2256:Specific to certain countries
2202:
2168:
1990:Intent to commit a dangerous
1870:
1615:committed with the necessary
99:
8117:Expressions related to death
8070:Medical declaration of death
7771:– National Museums Liverpool
7671:Beale, Lewis (20 May 2009).
7595:Csiernik, Rick, ed. (2014).
7542:Bureau of Justice Statistics
7300:Serena, Katie (2019-01-09).
7099:"Estadísticas de Mortalidad"
6663:New Yorker, November 9, 2009
6012:10.1371/journal.pone.0233034
5188:. Legifrance. Archived from
5158:. Legifrance. Archived from
5079:10.1016/j.hisfam.2008.09.003
4205:Blackstone, William (1765).
3220:
2900:can both lead to aggression.
2670:Murder for a political cause
2130:, or in some countries, the
1690:
1641:brought about by reasonable
941:Ignorantia juris non excusat
7:
8137:Preventable causes of death
7434:Office for Victims of Crime
7373:. ABC News. 13 April 2009.
6720:10.1177/1088767902006002003
6290:"Review: Thug by Mike Dash"
5845:, 836 P.2d 102 (N.M. 1992)"
5708:Pradel, Jean (2016-09-14).
5670:. Oxford University Press.
5512:Liptak, Adam (2007-12-04).
5403:. Parole Board of Ireland.
4695:Otlowski, Margaret (1997).
4587:Legal Information Institute
4339:"Killing & Letting Die"
4093:"Charges & Allegations"
3994:, accessed on 17 July 2020.
3992:Online Etymology Dictionary
3522:
3434:of death in the workplace.
3063:
3019:of their right of revenge.
2715:always carries a mandatory
2514:Penal Code §122-1 found at
2408:
2374:Supreme Court of California
2126:without the possibility of
2062:Murder in the Second Degree
1813:is a verb from Anglo-Saxon
10:
10057:
9541:Possessing stolen property
7644:"Disaster Center web site"
7620:thejtal (September 2021).
7214:"Global Study on Homicide"
6928:(in Portuguese). DATASUS.
6774:Drum, Kevin (2016-02-11).
6612:Rubin, Joel (2010-12-26).
6572:[What we die of].
6437:Morris, Thomas D. (1996).
6358:"Science and Anthropology"
6332:Rubinstein, W. D. (2004).
6230:10.1163/026805599125826381
5711:Droit pénal comparé. 4e éd
5471:Sidak, J. Gregory (2015).
5442:"Classification of murder"
5401:Citizens Information Board
5327:Murder (United States law)
4634:. Yale.edu. Archived from
4285:Understanding Criminal Law
3224:
3176:
3040:prohibition against murder
2758:
2726:
2649:Murder of a pregnant woman
2412:
2207:
2058:
2054:
1912:, or the killing of enemy
631:Possessing stolen property
279:Offense against the person
77:
70:
63:
9955:
9920:
9820:
9787:
9736:
9690:
9584:
9444:
9280:
9252:
9208:
9195:
9126:
8852:
8782:
8668:
8622:
8504:Consciousness after death
8484:
8427:
8372:
8314:
8263:
8252:
8245:
8160:
8097:
7991:
7812:
7804:
7707:Christian Science Monitor
7574:". Anthony Walsh (2004).
6902:. Sandbox Networks, Inc.
6470:. Routledge. p. 79.
6263:Bradley, Michael (2005).
5946:Petherick, Wayne (2018).
5691:Cadoppi, Alberto (1992).
5397:"Parole Board of Ireland"
5067:The History of the Family
4673:(in French). Legifrance.
4417:464 (26 March 1985),
4383:(Clark and Ansay, eds.),
4230:Baker, Dennis J. (2021).
3922:Tran, Mark (2011-03-28).
3449:(UCR) includes non-black
3425:The scene of a murder in
3277:World Health Organization
3205:Honor killings in Corsica
3046:given by God to Moses in
2609:aggravating circumstances
2603:Aggravating circumstances
2350:
2031:In Spanish criminal law,
1824:Oxford English Dictionary
1750:), giving Proto-Germanic
1637:, such as in the case of
925:Diminished responsibility
719:Crimes against the public
73:Murderer (disambiguation)
9640:(such as prohibition of
8905:Personification of death
8127:People by cause of death
5448:. Government of Canada.
4614:"Wetboek van Strafrecht"
4433:378 (25 June 1991),
4232:Treatise of criminal law
3945:Bynon, Theodora (1977).
3773:
3539:List of types of killing
3284:of overall crime rates.
3034:Judaism and Christianity
2910:Environmental pollutants
2637:Murder committed during
2631:Murder committed during
2391:mitigating circumstances
2385:Mitigating circumstances
854:Crimes against the state
774:(such as prohibition of
39:latest accepted revision
8982:Death-positive movement
8827:Post-mortem photography
8107:Causes of death by rate
8035:Death by natural causes
6839:The Wall Street Journal
6267:. Cassell Illustrated.
5915:Morrall, Peter (2007).
5180:The French Parliament.
5150:The French Parliament.
5138:Criminal Code of Russia
4984:, retrieved 2014-04-10.
4665:The French Parliament.
4489:Brenner, Frank (1953).
4287:(3rd ed.). Lexis.
4067:Common Sense Journalism
4007:Selections from Chaucer
3551:List of unsolved deaths
3513:criminal investigations
2843:The murderer seeks to "
2177:identified murder as a
2026:lesser included offense
1821:, or, according to the
1401:Avunculicide/Nepoticide
538:Crimes against property
228:(also called violation)
66:Murder (disambiguation)
9758:Miscarriage of justice
9017:Fascination with death
8655:Reincarnation research
8650:Out-of-body experience
8112:Notable deaths by year
7953:Immunogenic cell death
7869:Temporal lobe necrosis
6678:Democratic Underground
5581:www.legifrance.gouv.fr
5353:Murder (Brazilian law)
5113:Seanad Éireann debates
5012:involuntary commitment
4982:N.Y. Assembly web site
4589:. Cornell Law School.
3949:Historical Linguistics
3628:Soldiers are murderers
3430:
3418:
3371:
3324:
3297:
3272:
3113:killed members of the
3001:
2963:
2904:Consumption of alcohol
2779:statute of limitations
2607:Murder with specified
2522:
2492:
2470:
2340:violence against women
2233:imperfect self-defense
1929:cardiopulmonary arrest
1899:
1639:voluntary manslaughter
1321:Voluntary manslaughter
1286:Vehicle-ramming attack
990:Other common-law areas
823:Crimes against animals
691:Miscarriage of justice
673:Crimes against justice
105:
9753:Malfeasance in office
9198:Note: Crimes vary by
8822:Post-mortem chemistry
8635:Near-death experience
8531:Desecration of graves
8467:Postmortem caloricity
8432:Beating heart cadaver
7876:Programmed cell death
7844:Liquefactive necrosis
7758:The Seville Statement
7247:. Statistics Canada.
6981:"Crime in India 2010"
6841:. 20 September 2018.
6644:Spierenburg, Pieter,
6494:. Library of Congress
6467:People Without Rights
6464:Fede, Andrew (2012).
5560:"La praeterintention"
5340:Murder (Romanian law)
4427:[1991] HCA 27
4411:[1985] HCA 22
3593:Depraved-heart murder
3447:Uniform Crime Reports
3424:
3408:
3369:
3314:
3295:
3234:
2995:cultures such as the
2980:
2957:
2928:personality disorders
2918:from eating too much
2534:Postpartum depression
2529:Postpartum depression
2500:
2479:
2465:
2444:personality disorders
2108:depraved-heart murder
2037:Spanish Criminal Code
1895:
1339:Non-criminal homicide
1234:Murder for body parts
1150:Depraved-heart murder
896:Defenses to liability
686:Malfeasance in office
90:
9846:Cybersex trafficking
9608:Censorship violation
9012:Festival of the Dead
8910:Dying-and-rising god
8865:Chinese burial money
8754:Prohibition of dying
8706:Death-qualified jury
8472:Post-mortem interval
8132:Premature obituaries
7839:Coagulative necrosis
6680:. 16 December 2012.
6388:Arqueología Mexicana
5758:. 25 February 2017.
5446:Justice Laws Website
5385:on October 18, 2015.
5298:Murder (English law)
4868:. 24 September 2013.
4448:"Noticias Jurídicas"
4337:Ashford, Elizabeth.
3829:. West Group. 1997.
3633:Stigmatized property
3511:The success rate of
3288:Historical variation
3093:Historical attitudes
2888:breakdown of glucose
2820:Contributing factors
2771:one year and one day
2709:English criminal law
2292:Dr John Bodkin Adams
2065:. For the film, see
1982:grievous bodily harm
1817:from Proto-Germanic
1380:Justifiable homicide
1199:Lonely hearts killer
742:Censorship violation
465:Cybersex trafficking
64:For other uses, see
9638:Illegal consumption
9312:Criminal negligence
9072:Philosophy of death
8937:Death from laughter
8237:Perinatal mortality
7978:Mitotic catastrophe
7958:Ischemic cell death
7901:Intrinsic apoptosis
7849:Gangrenous necrosis
7675:. PacificStandard.
6570:"Woran wir sterben"
6537:"A Murder A Minute"
6334:Genocide: A History
6310:. Users.erols.com.
6003:2020PLoSO..1533034D
5870:Rogers v. Tennessee
5697:(in Italian). Utet.
5212:Columbia Law Review
5186:French Criminal Law
5156:French Criminal Law
4882:. 19 December 2019.
4705:. Clarendon Press.
4698:Margaret Otlowski,
4671:French Criminal Law
3384:U.S. Virgin Islands
3380:developed countries
2968:Abrahamic religions
2945:Religious attitudes
2761:Year and a day rule
2755:Year-and-a-day rule
2581:diminished capacity
2575:Diminished capacity
2516:Legifrance web site
2365:'s murder statute,
2332:Istanbul Convention
2104:third-degree murder
2076:Canadian murder law
2068:Premeditated Murder
1954:malice aforethought
1805:). The alternative
1697:Proto-Indo-European
1647:diminished capacity
1135:Consensual homicide
1090:Part of a series on
920:Defense of property
772:Illegal consumption
308:Criminal negligence
208:Severity of offense
29:Page version status
18:First Degree Murder
9841:Child sexual abuse
9806:Wildlife smuggling
9796:Cruelty to animals
9585:Against the public
9414:Negligent homicide
9327:False imprisonment
9282:Against the person
9118:Thanatosensitivity
9022:Hierarchy of death
8962:Death notification
8870:Coins for the dead
8802:Forensic pathology
8686:Capital punishment
8640:Near-death studies
8232:Mortality salience
7864:Fibrinoid necrosis
7834:Avascular necrosis
7569:2015-10-16 at the
7509:2016-01-01 at the
7327:2013-10-29 at the
6655:2010-01-09 at the
6520:2016-01-01 at the
6209:Arab Law Quarterly
6150:. pp. 17–38.
5814:People v. Carrillo
5518:The New York Times
5480:Cornell Law Review
5269:on April 25, 2018.
5039:Irish Statute Book
4971:, All ER Rep 229.
4955:2015-09-04 at the
4913:The New York Times
4618:wetten.overheid.nl
4495:Fordham Law Review
4466:Noticias Jurídicas
4390:2015-05-17 at the
3986:2020-07-07 at the
3623:Seven laws of Noah
3608:Misdemeanor murder
3572:head of government
3515:into murders (the
3431:
3419:
3411:Lake Bodom murders
3372:
3325:
3298:
3273:
2964:
2886:Alteration in the
2729:Felony murder rule
2723:Felony murder rule
2477:law, for example:
2471:
2326:reasons (known as
2262:Capital punishment
2005:deadly weapon rule
1980:Intent to inflict
1877:William Blackstone
1769:first attested in
1685:capital punishment
1365:Capital punishment
1331:Vehicular homicide
1326:Negligent homicide
1291:Wrongful execution
1229:Misdemeanor murder
1155:Felony murder rule
841:Wildlife smuggling
831:Cruelty to animals
460:Child sexual abuse
412:Negligent homicide
323:False imprisonment
220:Indictable offense
164:Scope of criminal
106:
35:
9981:
9980:
9964:Wikimedia Commons
9922:Inchoate offenses
9866:Indecent exposure
9357:Human trafficking
9322:Domestic violence
9154:
9153:
8890:Death anniversary
8885:Death and culture
8729:Dying declaration
8711:Death certificate
8618:
8617:
8480:
8479:
8332:Neuropreservation
8122:Natural disasters
8093:
8092:
7335:. March 30, 2007.
6618:Los Angeles Times
6477:978-1-136-71610-2
6450:978-0-8078-4817-3
6343:978-0-582-50601-5
6274:978-1-84403-416-1
6192:978-3-8423-4288-0
6165:978-0-19-532795-3
6113:(in Portuguese).
5843:State v. Gabehart
5721:978-2-247-15085-4
5677:978-0-19-256552-5
5379:www.consultant.ru
4969:M'Naughten's case
4847:978-1-946135-08-7
4712:978-0-19-825996-1
4294:978-0-8205-5027-5
3682:England and Wales
3588:Culpable homicide
3392:
3072:according to the
2950:Abrahamic context
2748:preterintentional
2627:Murder of a child
2496:French Penal Code
2336:domestic violence
2274:Council of Europe
1962:In contrast with
1918:collateral damage
1827:, from the noun.
1594:
1593:
1385:"License to kill"
1194:Internet homicide
1175:Child cannibalism
1170:Human cannibalism
1085:
1084:
485:Indecent exposure
353:Human trafficking
318:Domestic violence
246:Inchoate offenses
96:Peter Paul Rubens
92:Cain slaying Abel
47:29 September 2024
26:
16:(Redirected from
10048:
10041:Killings by type
9998:
9997:
9989:
9628:Ethnic cleansing
9566:Trespass to land
9461:Arms trafficking
9273:
9268:
9267:
9258:
9181:
9174:
9167:
9158:
9157:
9144:
9143:
9134:
9133:
9114:
9099:Assisted suicide
8997:Death trajectory
8812:Mortuary science
8807:Funeral director
8798:
8764:Suspicious death
8536:Eternal oblivion
8322:Cryopreservation
8261:
8260:
8250:
8249:
8188:Infant mortality
8178:Excess mortality
8080:Terminal illness
8065:Lazarus syndrome
8050:End-of-life care
8001:Accidental death
7854:Caseous necrosis
7817:
7816:
7799:
7792:
7785:
7776:
7775:
7723:
7722:
7720:
7718:
7698:
7689:
7688:
7686:
7684:
7668:
7659:
7658:
7656:
7655:
7639:
7633:
7632:
7630:
7628:
7617:
7611:
7610:
7592:
7586:
7559:
7553:
7552:
7550:
7539:
7528:
7522:
7499:
7493:
7492:
7481:
7475:
7474:
7472:
7465:
7457:
7451:
7449:
7447:
7445:
7426:
7417:
7416:
7414:
7412:
7393:
7387:
7386:
7384:
7382:
7367:
7361:
7360:
7358:
7357:
7342:
7336:
7318:
7312:
7311:
7309:
7308:
7297:
7291:
7290:
7288:
7287:
7281:
7274:
7266:
7260:
7259:
7257:
7256:
7241:
7235:
7234:
7232:
7231:
7225:
7218:
7210:
7201:
7200:
7198:
7197:
7191:
7184:
7176:
7170:
7169:
7167:
7166:
7160:
7153:
7145:
7139:
7138:
7136:
7135:
7120:
7114:
7113:
7111:
7110:
7095:
7089:
7088:
7086:
7085:
7070:
7064:
7063:
7061:
7060:
7054:
7047:
7039:
7033:
7032:
7030:
7029:
7023:
7016:
7012:"Homicidio 2010"
7008:
7002:
7001:
6999:
6998:
6992:
6985:
6977:
6971:
6970:
6968:
6967:
6947:
6941:
6940:
6938:
6937:
6922:
6916:
6915:
6913:
6911:
6892:
6886:
6884:
6882:
6880:
6861:
6855:
6854:
6852:
6850:
6831:
6825:
6824:
6822:
6820:
6801:
6795:
6794:
6792:
6791:
6771:
6765:
6755:
6749:
6748:
6746:
6740:. Archived from
6739:
6730:
6724:
6723:
6708:Homicide Studies
6703:
6694:
6693:
6691:
6689:
6670:
6664:
6642:
6633:
6632:
6630:
6629:
6609:
6603:
6602:
6600:
6599:
6584:
6578:
6577:
6565:
6559:
6558:
6556:
6554:
6532:
6526:
6510:
6504:
6503:
6501:
6499:
6488:
6482:
6481:
6461:
6455:
6454:
6434:
6428:
6427:, Yamakawa, 2005
6423:Mako Taniguchi,
6421:
6415:
6414:
6398:
6392:
6391:
6379:
6373:
6372:
6370:
6369:
6354:
6348:
6347:
6329:
6323:
6322:
6320:
6319:
6304:
6298:
6297:
6285:
6279:
6278:
6260:
6254:
6248:
6242:
6241:
6222:Brill Publishers
6203:
6197:
6196:
6176:
6170:
6169:
6143:
6137:
6136:
6126:
6102:
6093:
6092:
6072:
6066:
6065:
6041:
6035:
6034:
6024:
6014:
5982:
5976:
5975:
5969:
5961:
5943:
5937:
5936:
5934:
5921:
5912:
5903:
5902:
5891:
5885:
5866:
5860:
5859:
5857:
5856:
5837:
5831:
5830:
5828:
5827:
5808:
5802:
5801:
5799:
5798:
5778:
5772:
5771:
5769:
5767:
5748:
5742:
5736:State v. Picotte
5732:
5726:
5725:
5705:
5699:
5698:
5688:
5682:
5681:
5661:
5655:
5654:
5652:
5651:
5636:
5630:
5629:
5627:
5626:
5611:
5605:
5604:
5601:"Journal of law"
5597:
5591:
5590:
5588:
5587:
5573:
5567:
5566:
5564:
5556:
5550:
5549:
5547:
5546:
5532:
5526:
5525:
5509:
5503:
5502:
5500:
5498:
5492:
5477:
5468:
5462:
5461:
5459:
5457:
5438:
5432:
5431:
5424:
5418:
5415:
5409:
5408:
5393:
5387:
5386:
5381:. Archived from
5371:
5365:
5362:
5356:
5349:
5343:
5336:
5330:
5323:
5317:
5307:
5301:
5294:
5285:
5284:
5277:
5271:
5270:
5265:. Archived from
5255:
5249:
5242:
5236:
5235:
5207:
5201:
5200:
5198:
5197:
5177:
5171:
5170:
5168:
5167:
5147:
5141:
5135:
5129:
5128:
5126:
5124:
5105:
5099:
5098:
5062:
5056:
5055:
5053:
5051:
5030:
5024:
5021:
5015:
5009:
5007:
5006:
4991:
4985:
4978:
4972:
4966:
4960:
4943:
4932:
4931:
4926:
4924:
4904:
4898:
4897:
4890:
4884:
4883:
4876:
4870:
4869:
4862:
4856:
4855:
4830:
4824:
4823:
4821:
4820:
4814:
4807:
4799:
4793:
4792:
4790:
4789:
4770:
4764:
4758:
4752:
4751:
4749:
4748:
4729:
4723:
4722:
4720:
4719:
4692:
4686:
4685:
4683:
4682:
4662:
4656:
4653:
4647:
4646:
4644:
4643:
4628:
4622:
4621:
4609:
4603:
4602:
4600:
4598:
4579:
4573:
4572:
4570:
4568:
4549:
4543:
4542:
4540:
4539:
4520:
4514:
4513:
4511:
4510:
4486:
4480:
4476:
4470:
4469:
4458:
4452:
4451:
4444:
4438:
4401:
4395:
4377:
4371:
4365:
4359:
4358:
4356:
4354:
4334:
4328:
4327:
4321:
4313:
4305:
4299:
4298:
4281:Dressler, Joshua
4277:
4260:
4259:
4253:
4245:
4227:
4218:
4216:
4202:
4196:
4195:
4193:
4192:
4178:
4172:
4171:
4169:
4161:
4155:
4154:
4138:
4132:
4131:
4119:
4113:
4112:
4110:
4108:
4089:
4083:
4082:
4080:
4078:
4058:
4052:
4051:
4049:
4047:
4026:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4015:
4001:
3995:
3978:
3972:
3971:
3969:
3967:
3952:
3942:
3936:
3935:
3919:
3913:
3911:
3909:
3907:
3885:
3879:
3878:
3876:
3874:
3855:
3849:
3847:
3845:
3843:
3821:
3805:
3797:
3791:
3784:
3727:Northern Ireland
3534:Lists of murders
3439:African American
3387:
3348:Rates by country
3269:
3263:
3257:
3251:
3245:
3239:
3044:Ten Commandments
3024:Code of Ur-Nammu
3013:Germanic society
2794:attorney-general
2685:Treachery (e.g.
2654:contract killing
2518:
2490:
2415:Insanity defense
2290:and the case of
2147:
2049:crime of passion
1795:murdreo, murdiro
1743:"dead" (compare
1660:, recklessness.
1601:unlawful killing
1586:
1579:
1572:
1548:Suspicious death
1360:Assisted suicide
1346:Note: Varies by
1145:Crime of passion
1140:Contract killing
1125:Attempted murder
1111:Note: Varies by
1087:
1086:
1077:
1070:
1063:
1034:
905:Actual innocence
762:Ethnic cleansing
656:Trespass to land
551:Arms trafficking
115:
108:
107:
104:
101:
21:
10056:
10055:
10051:
10050:
10049:
10047:
10046:
10045:
10006:
10005:
10004:
9992:
9984:
9982:
9977:
9951:
9950:
9949:
9916:
9915:
9914:
9896:Sex trafficking
9822:Sexual offenses
9816:
9815:
9814:
9788:Against animals
9783:
9782:
9781:
9732:
9731:
9730:
9686:
9685:
9684:
9580:
9579:
9578:
9496:False pretenses
9440:
9439:
9438:
9402:Preterintention
9276:
9269:
9262:
9259:
9250:
9204:
9191:
9185:
9155:
9150:
9122:
9108:
9052:Museum of Death
9002:Dignified death
8957:Death messenger
8932:Death education
8848:
8792:
8778:
8716:Declared death
8664:
8614:
8571:Online mourning
8476:
8442:Cadaveric spasm
8423:
8368:
8310:
8301:Skeletonization
8241:
8173:Child mortality
8168:Birthday effect
8156:
8089:
8085:Unnatural death
8016:Brainstem death
7987:
7926:Pseudoapoptosis
7808:
7803:
7749:
7740:Sir Edward Coke
7731:
7726:
7716:
7714:
7699:
7692:
7682:
7680:
7669:
7662:
7653:
7651:
7640:
7636:
7626:
7624:
7618:
7614:
7607:
7593:
7589:
7576:Nova Publishers
7571:Wayback Machine
7560:
7556:
7548:
7537:
7529:
7525:
7511:Wayback Machine
7500:
7496:
7483:
7482:
7478:
7470:
7463:
7459:
7458:
7454:
7443:
7441:
7428:
7427:
7420:
7410:
7408:
7395:
7394:
7390:
7380:
7378:
7369:
7368:
7364:
7355:
7353:
7344:
7343:
7339:
7329:Wayback Machine
7319:
7315:
7306:
7304:
7298:
7294:
7285:
7283:
7279:
7272:
7268:
7267:
7263:
7254:
7252:
7243:
7242:
7238:
7229:
7227:
7223:
7216:
7212:
7211:
7204:
7195:
7193:
7189:
7182:
7178:
7177:
7173:
7164:
7162:
7158:
7151:
7147:
7146:
7142:
7133:
7131:
7122:
7121:
7117:
7108:
7106:
7097:
7096:
7092:
7083:
7081:
7072:
7071:
7067:
7058:
7056:
7052:
7045:
7041:
7040:
7036:
7027:
7025:
7021:
7014:
7010:
7009:
7005:
6996:
6994:
6990:
6983:
6979:
6978:
6974:
6965:
6963:
6948:
6944:
6935:
6933:
6924:
6923:
6919:
6909:
6907:
6894:
6893:
6889:
6878:
6876:
6863:
6862:
6858:
6848:
6846:
6833:
6832:
6828:
6818:
6816:
6811:. 9 July 2019.
6809:Financial Times
6803:
6802:
6798:
6789:
6787:
6772:
6768:
6756:
6752:
6744:
6737:
6731:
6727:
6704:
6697:
6687:
6685:
6672:
6671:
6667:
6657:Wayback Machine
6643:
6636:
6627:
6625:
6610:
6606:
6597:
6595:
6586:
6585:
6581:
6566:
6562:
6552:
6550:
6533:
6529:
6522:Wayback Machine
6511:
6507:
6497:
6495:
6490:
6489:
6485:
6478:
6462:
6458:
6451:
6435:
6431:
6425:Kiri-sute Gomen
6422:
6418:
6407:Natural History
6399:
6395:
6380:
6376:
6367:
6365:
6356:
6355:
6351:
6344:
6330:
6326:
6317:
6315:
6306:
6305:
6301:
6286:
6282:
6275:
6261:
6257:
6251:American Speech
6249:
6245:
6204:
6200:
6193:
6177:
6173:
6166:
6144:
6140:
6103:
6096:
6073:
6069:
6042:
6038:
5997:(5): e0233034.
5983:
5979:
5963:
5962:
5958:
5944:
5940:
5932:
5919:
5913:
5906:
5893:
5892:
5888:
5867:
5863:
5854:
5852:
5839:
5838:
5834:
5825:
5823:
5810:
5809:
5805:
5796:
5794:
5779:
5775:
5765:
5763:
5750:
5749:
5745:
5733:
5729:
5722:
5706:
5702:
5689:
5685:
5678:
5662:
5658:
5649:
5647:
5638:
5637:
5633:
5624:
5622:
5613:
5612:
5608:
5599:
5598:
5594:
5585:
5583:
5575:
5574:
5570:
5562:
5558:
5557:
5553:
5544:
5542:
5534:
5533:
5529:
5510:
5506:
5496:
5494:
5490:
5475:
5469:
5465:
5455:
5453:
5440:
5439:
5435:
5426:
5425:
5421:
5416:
5412:
5395:
5394:
5390:
5373:
5372:
5368:
5363:
5359:
5350:
5346:
5337:
5333:
5324:
5320:
5310:Crimes Act 1900
5308:
5304:
5295:
5288:
5279:
5278:
5274:
5257:
5256:
5252:
5246:Twinkie defense
5244:The so-called "
5243:
5239:
5224:10.2307/1122334
5208:
5204:
5195:
5193:
5178:
5174:
5165:
5163:
5152:"Article 222-8"
5148:
5144:
5136:
5132:
5122:
5120:
5107:
5106:
5102:
5063:
5059:
5049:
5047:
5032:
5031:
5027:
5022:
5018:
5004:
5002:
4993:
4992:
4988:
4979:
4975:
4967:
4963:
4957:Wayback Machine
4946:People v. Davis
4944:
4935:
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4873:
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4816:
4812:
4808:. May 6, 2008.
4805:
4801:
4800:
4796:
4787:
4785:
4780:. 7 June 2013.
4772:
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4693:
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4678:
4667:"Article 122-5"
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4557:Merriam-Webster
4553:"Premeditation"
4551:
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4392:Wayback Machine
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3988:Wayback Machine
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3863:Merriam-Webster
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3647:
3645:Laws by country
3642:
3559:
3530:
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3509:
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3261:
3259:
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3249:
3247:
3243:
3241:
3237:
3229:
3223:
3207:
3191:Oliver v. State
3179:
3167:right to strike
3143:Huitzilopochtli
3095:
3066:
3036:
3011:which in early
2988:Evans-Pritchard
2952:
2947:
2822:
2763:
2757:
2731:
2725:
2707:murders. Under
2605:
2595:and Supervisor
2577:
2559:
2531:
2519:
2513:
2491:
2485:
2424:Mental disorder
2421:
2419:M'Naghten rules
2413:Main articles:
2411:
2401:and medication
2387:
2353:
2306:Castle doctrine
2258:
2210:
2205:
2171:
2139:
2134:. In the U.S.,
2080:U.S. murder law
2072:
2057:
2001:
1984:short of death,
1873:
1833:
1831:Use of the term
1792:Old High German
1693:
1590:
1296:Judicial murder
1187:Child sacrifice
1182:Human sacrifice
1081:
1022:
586:False pretenses
515:Sex trafficking
441:Sexual offenses
400:Preterintention
236:Summary offense
102:
85:
76:
69:
60:
55:
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9903:
9901:Sexual assault
9898:
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9605:
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8907:
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8860:Apparent death
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8708:
8703:
8698:
8693:
8691:Cause of death
8688:
8683:
8681:Administration
8678:
8672:
8670:
8666:
8665:
8663:
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8652:
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8474:
8469:
8464:
8459:
8454:
8452:Death erection
8449:
8444:
8439:
8434:
8428:
8425:
8424:
8422:
8421:
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8411:
8406:
8401:
8396:
8395:
8394:
8389:
8387:Natural burial
8378:
8376:
8370:
8369:
8367:
8366:
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8346:
8341:
8336:
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8220:Mortality rate
8217:
8212:
8205:
8200:
8198:Maternal death
8195:
8190:
8185:
8180:
8175:
8170:
8164:
8162:
8158:
8157:
8155:
8154:
8149:
8144:
8142:Unusual deaths
8139:
8134:
8129:
8124:
8119:
8114:
8109:
8103:
8101:
8095:
8094:
8091:
8090:
8088:
8087:
8082:
8077:
8075:Organ donation
8072:
8067:
8062:
8057:
8052:
8047:
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8023:Clinical death
8020:
8019:
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7866:
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7755:
7748:
7747:External links
7745:
7744:
7743:
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7727:
7725:
7724:
7690:
7660:
7634:
7612:
7606:978-1551305714
7605:
7587:
7554:
7523:
7494:
7491:on 2012-03-23.
7476:
7473:on 2011-10-10.
7452:
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7261:
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6887:
6856:
6826:
6796:
6766:
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6747:on 2010-06-29.
6725:
6714:(2): 128–166.
6695:
6665:
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6604:
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6299:
6280:
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6255:
6243:
6198:
6191:
6171:
6164:
6138:
6117:(2): 118–124.
6094:
6067:
6056:(4): 531–550.
6036:
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5551:
5540:heinonline.org
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5218:(4): 786–811.
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5073:(4): 370–383.
5057:
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4156:
4147:Daily American
4133:
4122:Marquis, Don.
4114:
4097:new script.com
4084:
4053:
4036:New York times
4021:
3996:
3973:
3960:978-0521291880
3959:
3937:
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3836:978-0314201607
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3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3638:Thrill killing
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3578:Capital murder
3575:
3560:
3558:
3557:Related topics
3555:
3554:
3553:
3548:
3547:
3546:
3536:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3517:clearance rate
3508:
3505:
3474:European Union
3427:Rio de Janeiro
3402:
3399:
3349:
3346:
3342:tetraethyllead
3302:homicide rates
3289:
3286:
3266:
3260:
3254:
3248:
3242:
3236:
3222:
3219:
3206:
3203:
3199:Virgin Islands
3178:
3175:
3111:secret society
3094:
3091:
3065:
3062:
3042:is one of the
3035:
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2759:Main article:
2756:
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2727:Main article:
2724:
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2671:
2668:
2665:
2662:
2660:torture murder
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2647:
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2641:
2635:
2633:sexual assault
2629:
2624:
2619:
2616:
2604:
2601:
2593:George Moscone
2576:
2573:
2558:
2555:
2530:
2527:
2521:
2520:
2511:
2507:
2502:Article 122-1
2487:N.Y. Penal Law
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2407:
2386:
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2313:sexual assault
2309:
2302:
2295:
2284:terminally ill
2277:
2266:criminal trial
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2167:
2145:§ 1111(a)
2084:capital murder
2056:
2053:
2000:
1999:
1988:
1985:
1978:
1975:Intent to kill
1971:
1960:
1959:
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1939:
1932:
1925:
1922:non-combatants
1872:
1869:
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1829:
1771:Middle English
1710:Proto-Germanic
1692:
1689:
1677:incapacitation
1673:rehabilitation
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1316:In English law
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1309:
1303:
1302:
1301:
1300:
1299:
1298:
1288:
1283:
1281:Torture murder
1278:
1276:Thrill killing
1273:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1264:Angel of mercy
1256:
1254:Pseudocommando
1251:
1246:
1241:
1239:Murder–suicide
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117:
116:
58:
36:
30:
27:
25:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
10053:
10042:
10039:
10037:
10034:
10032:
10031:Violent crime
10029:
10027:
10024:
10022:
10019:
10017:
10014:
10013:
10011:
10001:
9996:
9991:
9990:
9987:
9975:
9972:
9970:
9967:
9965:
9962:
9960:
9957:
9954:
9947:
9944:
9942:
9939:
9937:
9934:
9932:
9929:
9925:
9923:
9919:
9912:
9909:
9907:
9904:
9902:
9899:
9897:
9894:
9892:
9889:
9887:
9884:
9882:
9879:
9877:
9874:
9872:
9869:
9867:
9864:
9862:
9859:
9857:
9856:Homosexuality
9854:
9852:
9849:
9847:
9844:
9842:
9839:
9837:
9834:
9832:
9829:
9825:
9823:
9819:
9812:
9809:
9807:
9804:
9802:
9799:
9797:
9794:
9790:
9786:
9779:
9776:
9774:
9771:
9769:
9766:
9764:
9761:
9759:
9756:
9754:
9751:
9749:
9746:
9742:
9740:
9735:
9728:
9725:
9723:
9720:
9718:
9715:
9713:
9710:
9708:
9705:
9703:
9700:
9696:
9694:
9689:
9682:
9679:
9677:
9674:
9672:
9669:
9667:
9664:
9662:
9659:
9657:
9656:Miscegenation
9654:
9651:
9647:
9643:
9639:
9636:
9634:
9631:
9629:
9626:
9624:
9621:
9619:
9616:
9614:
9611:
9609:
9606:
9604:
9601:
9599:
9596:
9594:
9591:
9587:
9583:
9576:
9572:
9569:
9567:
9564:
9562:
9559:
9557:
9554:
9552:
9549:
9547:
9544:
9542:
9539:
9537:
9536:Pickpocketing
9534:
9532:
9529:
9527:
9524:
9522:
9519:
9517:
9514:
9512:
9509:
9507:
9504:
9502:
9499:
9497:
9494:
9492:
9489:
9487:
9484:
9482:
9479:
9477:
9474:
9472:
9469:
9467:
9464:
9462:
9459:
9457:
9454:
9450:
9448:
9443:
9435:
9432:
9430:
9427:
9425:
9422:
9420:
9417:
9415:
9412:
9408:
9405:
9404:
9403:
9400:
9396:
9393:
9392:
9390:
9388:
9385:
9382:
9378:
9375:
9373:
9370:
9368:
9365:
9363:
9360:
9358:
9355:
9353:
9350:
9348:
9345:
9343:
9342:Home invasion
9340:
9338:
9335:
9333:
9330:
9328:
9325:
9323:
9320:
9318:
9315:
9313:
9310:
9308:
9305:
9303:
9300:
9298:
9295:
9293:
9292:Assassination
9290:
9289:
9285:
9283:
9279:
9272:
9266:
9261:
9257:
9247:
9244:
9242:
9239:
9237:
9234:
9232:
9229:
9227:
9224:
9222:
9219:
9217:
9214:
9213:
9211:
9207:
9203:
9201:
9194:
9190:
9182:
9177:
9175:
9170:
9168:
9163:
9162:
9159:
9147:
9139:
9137:
9129:
9128:
9125:
9119:
9116:
9112:
9107:
9104:
9100:
9097:
9096:
9095:
9092:
9088:
9085:
9084:
9083:
9080:
9078:
9075:
9073:
9070:
9068:
9065:
9063:
9060:
9058:
9055:
9053:
9050:
9048:
9045:
9043:
9040:
9038:
9035:
9033:
9030:
9028:
9025:
9023:
9020:
9018:
9015:
9013:
9010:
9008:
9005:
9003:
9000:
8998:
8995:
8993:
8990:
8988:
8985:
8983:
8980:
8978:
8975:
8973:
8970:
8968:
8965:
8963:
8960:
8958:
8955:
8953:
8950:
8948:
8945:
8943:
8940:
8938:
8935:
8933:
8930:
8928:
8925:
8923:
8920:
8916:
8913:
8911:
8908:
8906:
8903:
8902:
8901:
8898:
8896:
8895:Death anxiety
8893:
8891:
8888:
8886:
8883:
8881:
8880:Darwin Awards
8878:
8876:
8873:
8871:
8868:
8866:
8863:
8861:
8858:
8857:
8855:
8851:
8845:
8842:
8838:
8837:Biostratinomy
8835:
8834:
8833:
8830:
8828:
8825:
8823:
8820:
8818:
8815:
8813:
8810:
8808:
8805:
8803:
8800:
8796:
8791:
8788:
8787:
8785:
8781:
8775:
8772:
8770:
8767:
8765:
8762:
8760:
8757:
8755:
8752:
8750:
8749:Necropolitics
8747:
8745:
8742:
8740:
8737:
8735:
8732:
8730:
8727:
8725:
8722:
8720:
8719:
8714:
8712:
8709:
8707:
8704:
8702:
8699:
8697:
8694:
8692:
8689:
8687:
8684:
8682:
8679:
8677:
8674:
8673:
8671:
8667:
8661:
8658:
8656:
8653:
8651:
8648:
8646:
8643:
8641:
8638:
8636:
8633:
8631:
8628:
8627:
8625:
8621:
8611:
8608:
8606:
8603:
8601:
8598:
8594:
8591:
8589:
8586:
8585:
8584:
8583:Reincarnation
8581:
8579:
8576:
8572:
8569:
8568:
8567:
8564:
8562:
8559:
8557:
8554:
8552:
8549:
8547:
8544:
8542:
8539:
8537:
8534:
8532:
8529:
8527:
8524:
8522:
8519:
8515:
8512:
8510:
8507:
8506:
8505:
8502:
8500:
8497:
8495:
8492:
8491:
8489:
8487:
8486:Other aspects
8483:
8473:
8470:
8468:
8465:
8463:
8460:
8458:
8455:
8453:
8450:
8448:
8445:
8443:
8440:
8438:
8437:Body donation
8435:
8433:
8430:
8429:
8426:
8420:
8417:
8415:
8412:
8410:
8407:
8405:
8404:Dismemberment
8402:
8400:
8397:
8393:
8390:
8388:
8385:
8384:
8383:
8380:
8379:
8377:
8375:
8371:
8365:
8362:
8360:
8357:
8355:
8352:
8350:
8349:Mummification
8347:
8345:
8342:
8340:
8337:
8333:
8330:
8328:
8325:
8324:
8323:
8320:
8319:
8317:
8313:
8307:
8306:Fossilization
8304:
8302:
8299:
8297:
8296:Decomposition
8294:
8292:
8289:
8287:
8284:
8282:
8279:
8277:
8274:
8272:
8271:Pallor mortis
8269:
8268:
8266:
8262:
8259:
8257:
8256:
8251:
8248:
8244:
8238:
8235:
8233:
8230:
8226:
8223:
8222:
8221:
8218:
8216:
8213:
8211:
8210:
8206:
8204:
8201:
8199:
8196:
8194:
8191:
8189:
8186:
8184:
8181:
8179:
8176:
8174:
8171:
8169:
8166:
8165:
8163:
8159:
8153:
8150:
8148:
8145:
8143:
8140:
8138:
8135:
8133:
8130:
8128:
8125:
8123:
8120:
8118:
8115:
8113:
8110:
8108:
8105:
8104:
8102:
8100:
8096:
8086:
8083:
8081:
8078:
8076:
8073:
8071:
8068:
8066:
8063:
8061:
8058:
8056:
8053:
8051:
8048:
8046:
8043:
8041:
8038:
8036:
8033:
8029:
8026:
8025:
8024:
8021:
8017:
8014:
8013:
8012:
8009:
8007:
8004:
8002:
7999:
7997:
7994:
7993:
7990:
7984:
7981:
7979:
7976:
7974:
7971:
7969:
7966:
7964:
7961:
7959:
7956:
7954:
7951:
7949:
7946:
7944:
7941:
7939:
7936:
7932:
7929:
7927:
7924:
7922:
7919:
7917:
7914:
7912:
7909:
7907:
7904:
7902:
7899:
7897:
7894:
7892:
7889:
7887:
7884:
7882:
7879:
7878:
7877:
7874:
7870:
7867:
7865:
7862:
7860:
7857:
7855:
7852:
7850:
7847:
7845:
7842:
7840:
7837:
7835:
7832:
7831:
7830:
7827:
7826:
7824:
7822:
7818:
7815:
7811:
7807:
7800:
7795:
7793:
7788:
7786:
7781:
7780:
7777:
7770:
7767:
7764:
7761:
7759:
7756:
7754:
7751:
7750:
7741:
7738:
7736:
7733:
7732:
7712:
7708:
7704:
7697:
7695:
7678:
7674:
7667:
7665:
7650:on 2012-07-01
7649:
7645:
7638:
7623:
7616:
7608:
7602:
7598:
7591:
7585:
7584:1-59033-970-3
7581:
7577:
7573:
7572:
7568:
7565:
7558:
7547:
7543:
7536:
7535:
7527:
7521:
7520:1-4129-6047-9
7517:
7513:
7512:
7508:
7505:
7498:
7490:
7486:
7480:
7469:
7462:
7456:
7439:
7435:
7431:
7425:
7423:
7406:
7402:
7398:
7392:
7376:
7372:
7366:
7352:on 2010-06-12
7351:
7347:
7341:
7334:
7330:
7326:
7323:
7317:
7303:
7296:
7278:
7271:
7265:
7250:
7246:
7240:
7222:
7215:
7209:
7207:
7188:
7181:
7175:
7157:
7150:
7144:
7129:
7125:
7119:
7104:
7100:
7094:
7079:
7075:
7069:
7051:
7044:
7038:
7024:on 2011-10-16
7020:
7013:
7007:
6989:
6982:
6976:
6961:
6957:
6953:
6946:
6931:
6927:
6921:
6905:
6901:
6897:
6891:
6874:
6870:
6866:
6860:
6844:
6840:
6836:
6830:
6814:
6810:
6806:
6800:
6785:
6781:
6777:
6770:
6764:
6763:0-06-073132-X
6760:
6754:
6743:
6736:
6729:
6721:
6717:
6713:
6709:
6702:
6700:
6683:
6679:
6675:
6669:
6662:
6658:
6654:
6651:
6647:
6641:
6639:
6623:
6619:
6615:
6608:
6593:
6589:
6583:
6575:
6571:
6564:
6553:September 17,
6548:
6544:
6543:
6538:
6531:
6524:
6523:
6519:
6516:
6509:
6493:
6487:
6479:
6473:
6469:
6468:
6460:
6452:
6446:
6442:
6441:
6433:
6426:
6420:
6412:
6408:
6404:
6397:
6390:(in Spanish).
6389:
6385:
6378:
6364:on 2010-12-19
6363:
6359:
6353:
6345:
6339:
6335:
6328:
6313:
6309:
6303:
6295:
6291:
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6219:
6215:
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6099:
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6063:
6059:
6055:
6051:
6047:
6040:
6032:
6028:
6023:
6018:
6013:
6008:
6004:
6000:
5996:
5992:
5988:
5981:
5973:
5967:
5959:
5957:9780128125298
5953:
5949:
5942:
5931:
5927:
5926:
5918:
5911:
5909:
5900:
5896:
5890:
5883:
5880:
5876:
5872:
5871:
5865:
5850:
5846:
5844:
5836:
5821:
5817:
5815:
5807:
5792:
5788:
5784:
5777:
5761:
5757:
5753:
5747:
5740:
5737:
5731:
5723:
5717:
5713:
5712:
5704:
5696:
5695:
5687:
5679:
5673:
5669:
5668:
5660:
5645:
5641:
5635:
5620:
5616:
5610:
5602:
5596:
5582:
5578:
5572:
5561:
5555:
5541:
5537:
5536:"Hein Online"
5531:
5523:
5519:
5515:
5508:
5489:
5485:
5481:
5474:
5467:
5451:
5447:
5443:
5437:
5429:
5423:
5414:
5406:
5402:
5398:
5392:
5384:
5380:
5376:
5370:
5361:
5354:
5348:
5341:
5335:
5328:
5322:
5315:
5311:
5306:
5299:
5293:
5291:
5282:
5276:
5268:
5264:
5260:
5254:
5247:
5241:
5233:
5229:
5225:
5221:
5217:
5213:
5206:
5192:on 2007-11-02
5191:
5187:
5183:
5176:
5162:on 2007-11-02
5161:
5157:
5153:
5146:
5139:
5134:
5118:
5114:
5110:
5104:
5096:
5092:
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5084:
5080:
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5020:
5013:
5000:
4996:
4990:
4983:
4977:
4970:
4965:
4958:
4954:
4951:
4947:
4942:
4940:
4938:
4930:
4918:
4914:
4910:
4903:
4895:
4889:
4881:
4875:
4867:
4861:
4853:
4849:
4843:
4839:
4835:
4829:
4811:
4804:
4798:
4783:
4779:
4775:
4769:
4763:
4757:
4742:
4738:
4734:
4728:
4714:
4708:
4704:
4703:
4699:
4691:
4676:
4672:
4668:
4661:
4652:
4638:on 2010-12-03
4637:
4633:
4627:
4619:
4615:
4608:
4592:
4588:
4584:
4578:
4562:
4558:
4554:
4548:
4533:
4529:
4525:
4519:
4504:
4500:
4496:
4492:
4485:
4475:
4468:(in Spanish).
4467:
4463:
4457:
4449:
4443:
4436:
4432:
4429:, (1991) 172
4428:
4424:
4420:
4416:
4413:, (1985) 156
4412:
4408:
4407:
4400:
4393:
4389:
4386:
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4290:
4286:
4282:
4276:
4274:
4272:
4270:
4268:
4266:
4257:
4251:
4243:
4241:9781474320184
4237:
4233:
4226:
4224:
4214:
4210:
4209:
4201:
4187:
4183:
4177:
4166:
4160:
4152:
4148:
4144:
4137:
4129:
4128:web.csulb.edu
4125:
4118:
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4098:
4094:
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3941:
3933:
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3902:
3900:9780553583229
3896:
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3802:
3796:
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3779:
3768:
3767:United States
3765:
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3599:
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3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3573:
3569:
3568:head of state
3565:
3564:Assassination
3562:
3561:
3552:
3549:
3545:
3542:
3541:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3531:
3528:Related lists
3520:
3518:
3514:
3507:Investigation
3504:
3502:
3498:
3494:
3493:Massachusetts
3490:
3486:
3481:
3479:
3475:
3470:
3466:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3452:
3448:
3444:
3440:
3435:
3428:
3423:
3416:
3412:
3407:
3401:United States
3398:
3394:
3391:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3368:
3364:
3362:
3358:
3357:Western world
3354:
3345:
3343:
3339:
3335:
3329:
3322:
3318:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3303:
3294:
3285:
3283:
3278:
3233:
3228:
3218:
3216:
3212:
3202:
3200:
3196:
3192:
3188:
3184:
3174:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3156:
3152:
3151:Aztec Warfare
3148:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3105:, a militant
3104:
3101:derives from
3100:
3090:
3087:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3078:greatest sins
3076:, one of the
3075:
3071:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3052:
3049:
3045:
3041:
3031:
3029:
3025:
3020:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3005:blood revenge
3000:
2998:
2994:
2989:
2985:
2979:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2961:
2956:
2942:
2940:
2936:
2931:
2929:
2921:
2917:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2902:
2899:
2895:
2894:Hyperglycemia
2892:
2889:
2885:
2882:
2879:Reduction in
2878:
2875:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2864:
2862:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2849:
2846:
2842:
2840:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2827:
2826:
2825:
2817:
2813:
2811:
2807:
2806:Ex Post Facto
2803:
2797:
2796:'s approval.
2795:
2791:
2786:
2782:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2768:
2762:
2752:
2749:
2743:
2741:
2736:
2730:
2720:
2718:
2717:life sentence
2714:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2694:
2690:
2689:
2684:
2681:
2678:
2675:
2672:
2669:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2655:
2651:
2648:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2634:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2622:Lying in wait
2620:
2617:
2615:Premeditation
2614:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2600:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2589:assassination
2586:
2582:
2572:
2569:
2565:
2557:Unintentional
2554:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2526:
2517:
2508:
2505:
2504:
2503:
2499:
2497:
2488:
2482:
2478:
2476:
2468:
2464:
2457:
2454:
2450:
2449:
2448:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2432:schizophrenia
2429:
2425:
2420:
2416:
2406:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2382:
2380:
2375:
2371:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2358:
2344:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2328:honor killing
2325:
2321:
2317:
2314:
2310:
2307:
2303:
2300:
2296:
2293:
2289:
2288:double effect
2285:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2260:
2259:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2220:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2200:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2186:
2185:
2180:
2176:
2166:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2151:
2150:criminal code
2146:
2142:
2137:
2133:
2132:death penalty
2129:
2125:
2124:life sentence
2120:
2115:
2113:
2112:felony murder
2109:
2105:
2101:
2100:lying in wait
2097:
2093:
2092:strangulation
2087:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2070:
2069:
2064:
2063:
2052:
2050:
2044:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2029:
2027:
2023:
2017:
2013:
2010:
2009:deadly weapon
2006:
1997:
1996:felony murder
1993:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1947:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1933:
1930:
1926:
1924:during a war.
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1906:
1905:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1892:
1888:
1887:
1882:
1878:
1868:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1851:Opponents of
1849:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1828:
1826:
1825:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1793:
1789:
1786:
1782:
1779:
1775:
1772:
1768:
1763:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1705:
1701:
1698:
1688:
1686:
1682:
1681:life sentence
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1661:
1659:
1658:guilty intent
1655:
1653:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1635:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1609:justification
1606:
1602:
1598:
1587:
1582:
1580:
1575:
1573:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1564:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1506:Friendly fire
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1487:
1486:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1473:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1459:
1456:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1442:
1439:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1350:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1338:
1337:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1259:Serial killer
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1224:Mass stabbing
1222:
1220:
1219:Mass shooting
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1165:Honor killing
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1120:Assassination
1118:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1114:
1108:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1088:
1078:
1073:
1071:
1066:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1045:
1044:
1040:
1039:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
995:
994:
993:
989:
988:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
967:
963:
960:
958:
957:Justification
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
942:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
902:
901:
900:
897:
894:
893:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
859:
858:
857:
853:
852:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
828:
827:
826:
822:
821:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
790:Miscegenation
788:
785:
781:
777:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
724:
723:
722:
718:
717:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
678:
677:
676:
672:
671:
666:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
647:
644:
642:
639:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
626:Pickpocketing
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
602:
599:
597:
594:
592:
589:
587:
584:
582:
579:
577:
574:
572:
569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
549:
547:
544:
543:
542:
541:
537:
536:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
475:Homosexuality
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
447:
446:
445:
442:
439:
438:
433:
430:
428:
425:
423:
420:
418:
415:
413:
410:
406:
403:
402:
401:
398:
394:
391:
390:
389:
386:
384:
381:
378:
374:
371:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
338:Home invasion
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
291:
289:
288:Assassination
286:
285:
284:
283:
280:
277:
276:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
252:
251:
250:
247:
244:
243:
237:
233:
230:
227:
224:
221:
217:
214:
213:
212:
211:
207:
206:
201:
198:
196:
193:
191:
188:
186:
183:
181:
178:
176:
173:
172:
171:
170:
167:
163:
162:
157:
154:
152:
149:
147:
146:
142:
140:
139:
135:
134:
133:
132:
129:
126:
125:
122:
119:
118:
114:
110:
109:
97:
93:
89:
83:
82:
81:Double Murder
74:
67:
62:
48:
44:
40:
33:
28:
19:
9946:Solicitation
9881:Prostitution
9871:Masturbation
9702:Lèse-majesté
9691:Against the
9486:Embezzlement
9377:Manslaughter
9362:Intimidation
9200:jurisdiction
9197:
8992:Death threat
8875:Dark tourism
8817:Necrobiology
8759:Right to die
8743:
8717:
8676:Abortion law
8600:Resurrection
8588:Palingenesis
8485:
8447:Coffin birth
8354:Plastination
8315:Preservation
8291:Putrefaction
8286:Rigor mortis
8281:Algor mortis
8276:Livor mortis
8253:
8209:Memento mori
8207:
8060:Lazarus sign
8040:Death rattle
7983:Suicide gene
7968:Karyorrhexis
7859:Fat necrosis
7729:Bibliography
7717:10 September
7715:. Retrieved
7706:
7683:10 September
7681:. Retrieved
7652:. Retrieved
7648:the original
7637:
7625:. Retrieved
7615:
7596:
7590:
7562:
7557:
7533:
7526:
7502:
7497:
7489:the original
7479:
7468:the original
7455:
7444:10 September
7442:. Retrieved
7433:
7411:10 September
7409:. Retrieved
7400:
7391:
7381:10 September
7379:. Retrieved
7365:
7354:. Retrieved
7350:the original
7340:
7316:
7305:. Retrieved
7295:
7284:. Retrieved
7264:
7253:. Retrieved
7239:
7228:. Retrieved
7194:. Retrieved
7174:
7163:. Retrieved
7143:
7132:. Retrieved
7118:
7107:. Retrieved
7093:
7082:. Retrieved
7068:
7057:. Retrieved
7037:
7026:. Retrieved
7019:the original
7006:
6995:. Retrieved
6975:
6964:. Retrieved
6955:
6945:
6934:. Retrieved
6920:
6910:10 September
6908:. Retrieved
6899:
6890:
6879:10 September
6877:. Retrieved
6868:
6859:
6847:. Retrieved
6838:
6829:
6817:. Retrieved
6808:
6799:
6788:. Retrieved
6780:Mother Jones
6779:
6769:
6753:
6742:the original
6728:
6711:
6707:
6688:10 September
6686:. Retrieved
6677:
6668:
6645:
6626:. Retrieved
6617:
6607:
6596:. Retrieved
6582:
6576:(in German).
6573:
6563:
6551:. Retrieved
6540:
6530:
6513:
6508:
6498:14 September
6496:. Retrieved
6486:
6466:
6459:
6439:
6432:
6424:
6419:
6410:
6406:
6396:
6387:
6377:
6366:. Retrieved
6362:the original
6352:
6333:
6327:
6316:. Retrieved
6302:
6294:The Guardian
6293:
6283:
6264:
6258:
6250:
6246:
6213:
6207:
6201:
6181:
6174:
6147:
6141:
6114:
6110:
6080:
6070:
6053:
6049:
6039:
5994:
5990:
5980:
5947:
5941:
5923:
5889:
5884: (2001).
5868:
5864:
5853:. Retrieved
5842:
5835:
5824:. Retrieved
5813:
5806:
5795:. Retrieved
5786:
5776:
5764:. Retrieved
5755:
5746:
5735:
5730:
5710:
5703:
5693:
5686:
5666:
5659:
5648:. Retrieved
5643:
5634:
5623:. Retrieved
5621:(in Italian)
5618:
5609:
5595:
5584:. Retrieved
5580:
5571:
5554:
5543:. Retrieved
5539:
5530:
5517:
5507:
5497:10 September
5495:. Retrieved
5483:
5479:
5466:
5456:10 September
5454:. Retrieved
5445:
5436:
5422:
5413:
5400:
5391:
5383:the original
5378:
5369:
5360:
5347:
5334:
5321:
5309:
5305:
5275:
5267:the original
5262:
5253:
5240:
5215:
5211:
5205:
5194:. Retrieved
5190:the original
5185:
5175:
5164:. Retrieved
5160:the original
5155:
5145:
5133:
5121:. Retrieved
5112:
5103:
5070:
5066:
5060:
5048:. Retrieved
5037:
5028:
5019:
5003:. Retrieved
4989:
4976:
4968:
4964:
4945:
4928:
4921:. Retrieved
4912:
4902:
4888:
4874:
4860:
4838:Criminal Law
4837:
4828:
4817:. Retrieved
4797:
4786:. Retrieved
4777:
4768:
4756:
4745:. Retrieved
4736:
4727:
4716:. Retrieved
4701:
4697:
4690:
4679:. Retrieved
4670:
4660:
4651:
4640:. Retrieved
4636:the original
4626:
4617:
4607:
4597:10 September
4595:. Retrieved
4586:
4577:
4567:10 September
4565:. Retrieved
4556:
4547:
4536:. Retrieved
4527:
4518:
4507:. Retrieved
4498:
4494:
4484:
4474:
4465:
4456:
4442:
4422:
4403:
4399:
4380:
4375:
4367:
4363:
4353:10 September
4351:. Retrieved
4342:
4332:
4309:
4303:
4284:
4231:
4207:
4200:
4189:. Retrieved
4185:
4176:
4159:
4146:
4136:
4127:
4117:
4105:. Retrieved
4096:
4087:
4075:. Retrieved
4066:
4056:
4044:. Retrieved
4035:
4024:
4014:10 September
4012:. Retrieved
4006:
3999:
3991:
3976:
3966:10 September
3964:. Retrieved
3948:
3940:
3928:The Guardian
3927:
3917:
3906:10 September
3904:. Retrieved
3889:
3883:
3873:10 September
3871:. Retrieved
3862:
3853:
3842:10 September
3840:. Retrieved
3825:
3819:
3795:
3788:malice (law)
3782:
3583:Child murder
3510:
3482:
3462:
3459:
3436:
3432:
3395:
3373:
3353:Murder rates
3351:
3330:
3326:
3306:
3299:
3274:
3270: >20
3208:
3195:Arthur Hodge
3190:
3180:
3150:
3149:, author of
3098:
3096:
3088:
3085:
3082:
3067:
3037:
3021:
3002:
2981:
2965:
2932:
2925:
2916:Malnutrition
2898:Hypoglycemia
2874:Testosterone
2868:
2859:
2850:
2837:
2828:
2823:
2814:
2798:
2787:
2783:
2764:
2751:to survive.
2744:
2732:
2701:first-degree
2698:
2686:
2606:
2578:
2566:constitutes
2564:manslaughter
2560:
2532:
2523:
2501:
2493:
2480:
2472:
2467:Aaron Alexis
2422:
2403:side-effects
2388:
2379:Stanley Mosk
2361:
2354:
2320:family honor
2229:Self-defense
2211:
2189:
2182:
2179:public wrong
2178:
2172:
2162:
2158:
2116:
2088:
2073:
2067:
2061:
2045:
2040:
2032:
2030:
2021:
2018:
2014:
2004:
2002:
1998:" doctrine).
1968:
1964:manslaughter
1961:
1952:
1910:self-defense
1903:
1900:
1896:
1889:set out the
1884:
1874:
1861:legal person
1850:
1834:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1773:
1766:
1764:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1717:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1699:
1694:
1662:
1654:manslaughter
1651:
1633:
1629:manslaughter
1621:jurisdiction
1596:
1595:
1348:jurisdiction
1345:
1344:
1307:Manslaughter
1271:Spree killer
1249:Proxy murder
1130:Child murder
1113:jurisdiction
1110:
1109:
1102:
982:Self-defense
939:
862:Lèse-majesté
576:Embezzlement
500:Prostitution
490:Masturbation
387:
373:Manslaughter
358:Intimidation
270:Solicitation
143:
136:
121:Criminal law
91:
80:
61:
46:
37:This is the
31:
9851:Fornication
9768:Obstruction
9748:Compounding
9556:Tax evasion
9307:Child abuse
9221:Misdemeanor
9109: [
9067:Necrophobia
9062:Necrophilia
9032:Immortality
8987:Death squad
8967:Death panel
8952:Death march
8947:Death knell
8927:Death drive
8900:Death deity
8844:Thanatology
8793: [
8739:Legal death
8718:in absentia
8696:Civil death
8541:Examination
8526:Crematorium
8409:Excarnation
8246:After death
8045:Dysthanasia
8011:Brain death
7943:Autoschizis
7921:Phenoptosis
7916:Parthanatos
7906:Necroptosis
7813:In medicine
7627:21 December
7126:. Rosstat.
6661:Jill Lepore
6413:(4): 46–51.
6224:: 159–168.
6083:: 161–174.
6050:Criminology
5646:(in German)
5644:Jura Online
5619:Brocardi.it
4528:findlaw.com
4028:See, e.g.,
3804:treatments.
3762:Switzerland
3722:Netherlands
3603:Mass murder
3598:Letting die
3478:too complex
3465:gun control
3455:trauma care
3388:full table
3334:Prohibition
3321:Middle Ages
3264: 10–20
3187:Mississippi
3171:lower class
3161:. Japanese
3147:Ross Hassig
3103:Hashshashin
3055:Deuteronomy
2958:A group of
2680:Hate crimes
2597:Harvey Milk
2538:infanticide
2370:section 187
2270:due process
2243:provocation
2223:Laws of war
2184:malum in se
2155:Netherlands
2136:federal law
1881:Edward Coke
1841:journalists
1819:*murþrijaną
1733:*murþrijaną
1722:Old English
1665:retribution
1652:Involuntary
1643:provocation
1603:of another
1553:Tyrannicide
1491:Crucifixion
1434:Neonaticide
1429:Infanticide
1214:Mass murder
1204:Lust murder
977:Provocation
701:Obstruction
681:Compounding
646:Tax evasion
470:Fornication
303:Child abuse
232:Misdemeanor
156:Concurrence
103: 1600
10010:Categories
9959:WikiSource
9941:Incitement
9936:Conspiracy
9811:Bestiality
9763:Misprision
9727:Subversion
9681:War crimes
9676:Usurpation
9603:Corruption
9481:Cybercrime
9367:Kidnapping
9347:Hate crime
9337:Harassment
9317:Defamation
9271:Law portal
9246:Corruption
9236:Indictable
9216:Infraction
9037:Last rites
9007:Extinction
8977:Death pose
8972:Death poem
8942:Death hoax
8922:Death camp
8915:Psychopomp
8790:Death tech
8645:Necromancy
8623:Paranormal
8605:Underworld
8457:Dissection
8419:Resomation
8414:Promession
8392:Sky burial
8359:Prosection
8344:Maceration
8055:Euthanasia
7973:Karyolysis
7931:Pyroptosis
7911:Paraptosis
7821:Cell death
7654:2010-06-25
7356:2010-06-25
7307:2020-07-28
7286:2012-06-11
7255:2012-06-10
7230:2012-06-18
7196:2011-08-02
7165:2012-06-05
7134:2011-04-03
7109:2011-09-14
7084:2012-06-05
7059:2012-06-05
7028:2011-09-11
6997:2012-06-05
6966:2010-04-30
6936:2012-06-05
6900:Infoplease
6790:2017-08-14
6628:2011-01-27
6598:2010-06-25
6368:2010-06-25
6318:2013-04-23
5855:2015-06-14
5826:2015-06-14
5797:2015-02-28
5650:2024-02-29
5625:2024-02-29
5586:2024-02-29
5545:2024-02-29
5314:s 19B
5263:Justia Law
5196:2007-11-01
5166:2007-11-01
5005:2007-10-23
4819:2017-10-03
4788:2014-10-23
4778:Yahoo News
4747:2014-10-23
4718:2010-06-25
4681:2007-11-01
4642:2010-06-25
4538:2018-03-13
4509:2018-03-13
4435:High Court
4423:Royall v R
4419:High Court
4191:2020-09-13
4107:October 2,
4077:October 3,
3930:. London.
3812:References
3618:Nonkilling
3544:Axe murder
3501:California
3495:to 76% in
3282:bellwether
3258: 5–10
3225:See also:
3155:sacrificed
2993:headhunter
2845:mercy kill
2808:Clause of
2740:Ryan Holle
2705:aggravated
2693:German law
2639:kidnapping
2494:Under the
2442:and other
2440:sociopathy
2430:caused by
2395:Depression
2367:penal code
2363:California
2299:sex worker
2280:Euthanasia
2219:war crimes
2203:Exclusions
2175:common law
2169:Common law
1914:combatants
1891:common law
1883:), in his
1871:Definition
1837:defamation
1778:Old French
1720:), whence
1706:"to die".
1669:deterrence
1627:, such as
1511:Gendercide
1451:Sororicide
1446:Fratricide
1420:Prolicide
1411:Mariticide
1406:Familicide
1370:Euthanasia
935:Entrapment
910:Automatism
887:Subversion
846:Bestiality
815:War crimes
810:Usurpation
737:Corruption
696:Misprision
571:Cybercrime
363:Kidnapping
343:Hate crime
333:Harassment
313:Defamation
265:Incitement
260:Conspiracy
226:Infraction
185:Complicity
180:Accomplice
138:Actus reus
9969:Wikiquote
9911:Voyeurism
9891:Pederasty
9876:Obscenity
9717:Secession
9712:Espionage
9671:Terrorism
9633:Smuggling
9571:Vandalism
9551:Smuggling
9491:Extortion
9466:Blackmail
9381:corporate
9187:Types of
9082:Sacrifice
9077:Predation
9042:Longevity
8832:Taphonomy
8769:Trust law
8724:Death row
8509:Afterlife
8462:Gibbeting
8399:Cremation
8364:Taxidermy
8339:Embalming
8215:Micromort
8161:Mortality
7938:Autolysis
7896:Autophagy
7891:Apoptosis
7578:. p. 23.
5966:cite book
5766:14 August
5140:, art.106
5095:144571256
5087:1081-602X
4370:1 QB 290.
4318:cite book
4312:. London.
4250:cite book
3702:Hong Kong
3652:Australia
3485:forensics
3451:Hispanics
3376:Hong Kong
3317:Stockholm
3252: 2–5
3246: 1–2
3240: 0–1
3221:Incidence
3097:The term
2939:São Paulo
2920:junk food
2881:serotonin
2775:causation
2767:defendant
2688:Heimtücke
2618:Poisoning
2591:of Mayor
2585:Dan White
2550:black cap
2489:, § 40.15
2453:defendant
2451:That the
2428:psychosis
2192:precedent
2141:18 U.S.C.
2096:poisoning
2041:homicidio
2033:asesinato
1845:convicted
1790:(compare
1729:*murþrijô
1718:*mŕ̥-trom
1700:*mŕ̥-trom
1691:Etymology
1617:intention
1611:or valid
1558:War crime
1521:Androcide
1468:Patricide
1463:Matricide
1458:Parricide
1441:Siblicide
1416:Uxoricide
1375:Foeticide
1244:Poisoning
1160:Foeticide
998:Contracts
972:Necessity
877:Secession
872:Espionage
805:Terrorism
767:Smuggling
661:Vandalism
641:Smuggling
581:Extortion
556:Blackmail
530:Voyeurism
510:Pederasty
495:Obscenity
377:corporate
200:Vicarious
195:Principal
190:Corporate
175:Accessory
166:liability
151:Causation
10036:Violence
9974:Wikinews
9831:Adultery
9801:Poaching
9737:Against
9722:Sedition
9666:Regicide
9618:Genocide
9593:Apostasy
9575:Mischief
9511:Gambling
9476:Burglary
9447:property
9445:Against
9429:Stabbing
9424:Stalking
9407:Homicide
9372:Menacing
9352:Homicide
9136:Category
9106:Thanabot
9057:Necronym
9027:Homicide
8578:Obituary
8566:Mourning
8556:Internet
8499:Cemetery
8374:Disposal
8327:Cryonics
7996:Abortion
7963:Pyknosis
7829:Necrosis
7711:Archived
7677:Archived
7567:Archived
7546:Archived
7507:Archived
7438:Archived
7405:Archived
7375:Archived
7325:Archived
7277:Archived
7249:Archived
7221:Archived
7187:Archived
7156:Archived
7128:Archived
7103:Archived
7078:Archived
7050:Archived
6988:Archived
6960:Archived
6956:BBC News
6930:Archived
6904:Archived
6873:Archived
6843:Archived
6813:Archived
6784:Archived
6682:Archived
6653:Archived
6622:Archived
6592:Archived
6547:Archived
6542:CBS News
6518:Archived
6312:Archived
6133:10748663
6089:89070703
6085:ProQuest
6031:32422646
5991:PLOS ONE
5948:Homicide
5930:Archived
5899:Archived
5849:Archived
5820:Archived
5791:Archived
5787:Newsweek
5760:Archived
5756:Radio NZ
5694:Mens rea
5522:Archived
5488:Archived
5450:Archived
5405:Archived
5117:Archived
5044:Archived
4999:Archived
4953:Archived
4923:July 29,
4917:Archived
4852:Archived
4810:Archived
4782:Archived
4741:Archived
4737:ABC News
4675:Archived
4591:Archived
4561:Archived
4532:Archived
4503:Archived
4388:Archived
4368:R v Tait
4347:Archived
4283:(2001).
4213:Archived
4186:The Star
4151:Archived
4101:Archived
4071:Archived
4046:4 August
4040:Archived
3984:Archived
3981:"Murder"
3932:Archived
3867:Archived
3859:"Murder"
3742:Portugal
3523:See also
3497:San Jose
3215:vendetta
3189:case of
3165:had the
3127:Crusader
3099:assassin
3064:In Islam
3009:weregild
2976:jealousy
2926:Certain
2852:Loathing
2735:doctrine
2733:A legal
2568:reckless
2546:commuted
2512:—
2484:—
2475:New York
2436:dementia
2409:Insanity
2197:codified
2163:doodslag
2055:Degrees
1936:omission
1879:(citing
1865:pregnant
1853:abortion
1815:myrðrian
1785:Frankish
1625:homicide
1607:without
1538:Regicide
1533:Omnicide
1528:Genocide
1516:Femicide
1501:Democide
1475:Senicide
1424:Filicide
1209:Lynching
1096:Homicide
1013:Property
1008:Evidence
1003:Defenses
952:Insanity
882:Sedition
836:Poaching
800:Regicide
752:Genocide
727:Apostasy
665:Mischief
601:Gambling
566:Burglary
450:Adultery
427:Stabbing
422:Stalking
405:Homicide
368:Menacing
348:Homicide
145:Mens rea
128:Elements
43:reviewed
9931:Attempt
9773:Perjury
9739:justice
9707:Treason
9650:smoking
9646:alcohol
9613:Dueling
9598:Begging
9546:Robbery
9526:Looting
9521:Larceny
9501:Forgery
9471:Bribery
9434:Torture
9419:Robbery
9391:Murder
9379: (
9332:Frameup
9302:Battery
9297:Assault
9231:Summary
9209:Classes
9146:Outline
9094:Suicide
8734:Inquest
8701:Coroner
8593:Saṃsāra
8561:Midwife
8546:Funeral
8521:Customs
8494:Carrion
8193:Karoshi
8006:Autopsy
7886:Anoikis
6849:22 July
6819:22 July
6238:3382001
6022:7234816
5999:Bibcode
5232:1122334
4959:(1994).
4394:(2002).
3747:Romania
3697:Germany
3687:Finland
3677:Denmark
3211:Corsica
3177:Slavery
3163:samurai
3131:Thuggee
3119:Fatimid
3115:Abbasid
3107:Ismaili
3051:20:2–17
3017:in lieu
2966:In the
2935:poverty
2208:General
1946:suicide
1807:murther
1803:burthen
1788:*murþra
1741:*mr̥tós
1714:*murþrą
1599:is the
1543:Stoning
1496:Deicide
1041:Portals
1032:estates
964: (
962:Mistake
947:Infancy
915:Consent
867:Treason
784:smoking
780:alcohol
747:Dueling
732:Begging
706:Perjury
636:Robbery
616:Looting
611:Larceny
591:Forgery
561:Bribery
432:Torture
417:Robbery
375: (
328:Frameup
298:Battery
293:Assault
255:Attempt
10021:Crimes
10016:Murder
9986:Portal
9861:Incest
9836:Bigamy
9661:Piracy
9648:, and
9531:Payola
9395:felony
9387:Mayhem
9241:Hybrid
9226:Felony
9047:Martyr
8783:Fields
8744:Murder
8660:Séance
8630:Ghosts
8514:Tukdam
8382:Burial
8264:Stages
7948:Eschar
7603:
7582:
7518:
6761:
6474:
6447:
6340:
6271:
6236:
6218:Leiden
6189:
6162:
6131:
6087:
6029:
6019:
5954:
5718:
5674:
5486:: 51.
5312:(NSW)
5230:
5123:22 May
5093:
5085:
5050:22 May
4844:
4709:
4406:Crabbe
4291:
4238:
3990:, in:
3957:
3897:
3833:
3757:Sweden
3752:Russia
3732:Norway
3712:Israel
3692:France
3662:Canada
3657:Brazil
3489:Boston
3268:
3262:
3256:
3250:
3244:
3238:
3139:Aztecs
3123:Seljuq
3074:Qur'an
3058:5:6–21
3048:Exodus
2713:murder
2553:1996.
2473:Under
2357:corpse
2351:Victim
2221:; see
2143:
2128:parole
2022:cannot
1994:(the "
1992:felony
1857:foetus
1811:mordre
1801:(from
1799:burden
1781:murdre
1752:*murþą
1737:myrþra
1725:morðor
1634:malice
1613:excuse
1597:Murder
1393:Family
1103:Murder
1028:trusts
966:of law
930:Duress
795:Piracy
782:, and
621:Payola
480:Incest
455:Bigamy
393:felony
388:Murder
383:Mayhem
216:Felony
9693:state
9642:drugs
9561:Theft
9506:Fraud
9456:Arson
9189:crime
9113:]
9087:human
8853:Other
8797:]
8669:Legal
8610:Vigil
8551:Grief
8099:Lists
7806:Death
7549:(PDF)
7538:(PDF)
7471:(PDF)
7464:(PDF)
7280:(PDF)
7273:(PDF)
7224:(PDF)
7217:(PDF)
7190:(PDF)
7183:(PDF)
7159:(PDF)
7152:(PDF)
7053:(PDF)
7046:(PDF)
7022:(PDF)
7015:(PDF)
6991:(PDF)
6984:(PDF)
6745:(PDF)
6738:(PDF)
6234:JSTOR
6216:(2).
5933:(PDF)
5920:(PDF)
5877:
5563:(PDF)
5491:(PDF)
5476:(PDF)
5228:JSTOR
5091:S2CID
4813:(PDF)
4806:(PDF)
4501:(3).
4425:
4409:
4168:(PDF)
3774:Notes
3717:Italy
3707:India
3667:China
3415:Espoo
3183:slave
3070:Islam
2997:Papua
2960:Thugs
2324:caste
2268:with
2159:moord
2119:crime
2098:, or
2024:be a
1745:Latin
1704:*mer-
1683:, or
1675:, or
1645:, or
1605:human
1483:Other
1024:Wills
1018:Torts
776:drugs
651:Theft
596:Fraud
546:Arson
94:, by
9886:Rape
8774:Will
8255:Body
8225:RAMR
7881:AICD
7719:2017
7685:2017
7629:2021
7601:ISBN
7580:ISBN
7516:ISBN
7446:2017
7413:2017
7383:2017
6912:2017
6881:2017
6851:2019
6821:2019
6759:ISBN
6690:2017
6574:Zeit
6555:2017
6500:2021
6472:ISBN
6445:ISBN
6338:ISBN
6269:ISBN
6187:ISBN
6160:ISBN
6148:Envy
6129:PMID
6027:PMID
5972:link
5952:ISBN
5879:U.S.
5768:2017
5734:See
5716:ISBN
5672:ISBN
5499:2017
5458:2017
5351:See
5338:See
5325:See
5296:See
5125:2016
5083:ISSN
5052:2016
4925:2016
4842:ISBN
4760:see
4707:ISBN
4599:2017
4569:2017
4404:R v
4355:2017
4324:link
4289:ISBN
4256:link
4236:ISBN
4109:2016
4079:2016
4048:2019
4016:2017
3968:2017
3955:ISBN
3908:2017
3895:ISBN
3875:2017
3844:2017
3831:ISBN
3737:Peru
3672:Cuba
3409:The
3390:here
3338:lead
3275:The
3135:Kali
3125:and
3053:and
3038:The
2984:Nuer
2972:Cain
2896:and
2861:Loot
2839:Love
2830:Lust
2434:and
2417:and
2338:and
2078:and
1765:The
1760:Mord
1756:morþ
1748:mors
1030:and
505:Rape
234:(or
218:(or
10000:Law
8028:DOA
7333:IPS
7331:".
6716:doi
6659:by
6226:doi
6152:doi
6119:doi
6058:doi
6017:PMC
6007:doi
5882:451
5875:532
5484:101
5248:").
5220:doi
5075:doi
4834:"5"
4431:CLR
4415:CLR
4385:154
3570:or
3413:in
3393:).
3209:In
3068:In
2738:of
2703:or
2691:in
1920:to
1767:-d-
1762:).
1355:War
1049:Law
45:on
10012::
9644:,
9573:,
9111:ca
8795:pt
7709:.
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