1844:
149:
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3675:
4667:
4649:
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20:
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1993:
constitutively in tissues" and that this expression is increased during development. The Mx gene family is expressed at high levels in the blood and intestine during development, suggesting they are a key to immune defense for the growing fish. The idea that these genes play an important role in development against viruses suggests they are critical in the trout's success in an anadromous lifestyle.
35:
243:– fish that migrate from fresh water to the sea, or vice versa, but not for the purpose of breeding. Instead they enter saltwater or freshwater as larvae, where they will grow into juveniles before returning to the habitat they originally came from and stay there for the rest of their life, growing into sexually mature adults.
1809:(red) salmon. These salmon hatch in small freshwater streams. From there they migrate to the sea to mature, living there for two to six years. When mature, the salmon return to the same streams where they were hatched to spawn. Salmon are capable of going hundreds of kilometers upriver, and humans must install
65:
to another. Many types of fish migrate on a regular basis, on time scales ranging from daily to annually or longer, and over distances ranging from a few metres to thousands of kilometres. Such migrations are usually done for better feeding or to reproduce, but in other cases the reasons are unclear.
1992:
that have totally lost their Mx genes. A study was performed by Wang et al. (2019) to identify more potential Mx genes that resided in rainbow trout. An additional six Mx genes were identified in that study, now named Mx4-9. They also concluded that the trout Mx genes were "differentially expressed
92:
often make large migrations between their spawning, feeding and nursery grounds. Movements are associated with ocean currents and with the availability of food in different areas at different times of year. The migratory movements may partly be linked to the fact that the fish cannot identify their
139:
move to the north and south at different times of year following temperature gradients. The patterns of migration are of great interest to the fishing industry. Movements of fish in fresh water also occur; often the fish swim upriver to spawn, and these traditional movements are increasingly being
1910:
of the
Colorado River system can be extensive. Migrations to natal spawning grounds can easily be 100 km, with maximum distances of 300 km reported from radiotagging studies. Colorado pikeminnow migrations also display a high degree of homing and the fish may make upstream or downstream
1706:
oceanodromous species undertake migrations of significant but variable distances across oceans for feeding, often on forage fish, or reproduction, and also have wide geographic distributions. Thus, these species are found both inside the 200-nautical-mile (370-kilometre)
1745:
It can be challenging to determine the population structure of highly migratory species using physical tagging. Traditional genetic markers such as short-range PCR products, microsatellites and SNP-arrays have struggled to identify population structure and distinguish
1758:
sequencing in yellowfin tuna, albacore, and wahoo has been able to distinguish populations from different ocean basins and reveal fine-scale population structure. Similar population genomics methods have also provided improved insight towards population structure in
2689:
Haro-Bilbao, Isabel; Riginos, Cynthia; Baldwin, John D.; Zischke, Mitchell; Tibbetts, Ian R.; Thia, Joshua A. (2021). "Global connections with some genomic differentiation occur between Indo-Pacific and
Atlantic Ocean wahoo, a large circumtropical pelagic fish".
37:
42:
40:
36:
41:
1914:
Sometimes fish can be dispersed by birds that eat fish eggs. They carry eggs in the digestive tracts and then deposit them in their faeces in a new place. The survival rate for fish eggs that have passed through a bird's digestive tract is low.
1512:
often make great migrations between their spawning, feeding and nursery grounds. Schools of a particular stock usually travel in a triangle between these grounds. For example, one stock of herrings have their spawning ground in southern
1885:
of Africa. Both these habitats are fresh water, yet bull sharks will also migrate to and from the ocean. Specifically, Lake
Nicaragua bull sharks migrate to the Atlantic Ocean and Zambezi bull sharks migrate to the Indian Ocean.
1567:. Around Iceland maturing capelin make large northward feeding migrations in spring and summer. The return migration takes place in September to November. The spawning migration starts north of Iceland in December or January.
159:
As with various other aspects of fish life, zoologists have developed empirical classifications for fish migrations. The first two following terms have been in long-standing wide usage while others are of more recent coinage.
39:
2240:
Silva, S., Araújo, M. J., Bao, M., Mucientes, G., & Cobo, F. (2014). "The haematophagous feeding stage of anadromous populations of sea lamprey
Petromyzon marinus: low host selectivity and wide range of habitats".
1581:
In a paper published in 2009, researchers from
Iceland recount their application of an interacting particle model to the capelin stock around Iceland, successfully predicting the spawning migration route for 2008.
1988:) had been shown to possess three different Mx genes to aid in viral defence in both environments. The number of Mx genes can differ among species of fish, with numbers ranging from 1 to 9 and some outliers like
1623:(UNCLOS). The Convention does not provide an operational definition of the term, but in an annex (UNCLOS Annex 1) lists the species considered highly migratory by parties to the convention. The list includes:
1906:
Freshwater (potamodromous) fish migrations are usually shorter, typically from lake to stream or vice versa, for spawning purposes. However, potamodromous migrations of the endangered
Colorado
1840:(Chinook, coho and Steelhead) have been introduced into the US Great Lakes, and have become potamodromous, migrating between their natal waters to feeding grounds entirely within fresh water.
2864:
Wang, T. (2019). "Lineage/species-specific expansion of the Mx gene family in teleosts: Differential expression and modulation of nine Mx genes in rainbow trout
Oncorhynchus mykiss".
2520:
Pecoraro, Carlo; Babbucci, Massimiliano; Franch, Rafaella; Rico, Ciro; Papetti, Chiara; Chassot, Emmanuel; Bodin, Nathalie; Cariani, Alessia; Bargelloni, Luca; Tinti, Fausto (2018).
38:
1521:
and their nursery ground in northern Norway. Wide triangular journeys such as these may be important because forage fish, when feeding, cannot distinguish their own offspring.
1927:
times humans have exploited certain anadromous fishes during their migrations into freshwater streams, when they are more vulnerable to capture. Societies dating to the
1866:, and whose subsequent larvae can drift in currents for months and even years before returning to their natal rivers and streams as glass eels or elvers.
3543:
2970:
1620:
98:
1719:
species, which means they mostly live in the open ocean and do not live near the sea floor, although they may spend part of their life cycle in
1959:
1578:
drift routes. Capelin on the way to feeding grounds is coloured green, capelin on the way back is blue, and the breeding grounds are red.
4379:
3576:
4121:
2457:
Grewe, P.M.; Feutry, P.; Hill, P.L.; Gunasekera, R.M.; Schaefer, K.M.; Itano, D.G.; Fuller, D.W.; Foster, S.D.; Davies, C.R. (2015).
1962:
has supported research to assure the water quality in the
Truckee can support suitable populations of the Lahontan cutthroat trout.
3232:
1755:
2944:
3412:
3151:
2807:
2267:
2149:
1551:. The capelin move inshore in large schools to spawn and migrate in spring and summer to feed in plankton rich areas between
2024:
1892:
is a common behavior; many marine species move to the surface at night to feed, then return to the depths during daytime.
3948:
73:
on a scale and duration larger than those arising during normal daily activities. Some particular types of migration are
2383:
Barbaro1 A, Einarsson B, Birnir1 B, Sigurðsson S, Valdimarsson S, Pálsson ÓK, Sveinbjörnsson S and Sigurðsson P (2009)
3161:
3048:
2422:
2167:
3978:
3354:
2980:
2956:
2214:
1843:
1742:. Transboundary stock range in the EEZs of at least two countries. A stock can be both transboundary and straddling.
263:
Although these classifications were originated for fish, they are, in principle, applicable to any aquatic organism.
1899:, migrate north and south annually, following temperature variations in the ocean. These are of great importance to
2139:
3632:
3569:
3251:
2998:
3009:
2411:
135:, rising to the surface to feed at night and sinking to lower layers of the ocean by day. Some fish such as
4683:
3717:
3122:
3073:
3014:
2030:
2008:
1951:
2339:
3617:
3369:
3322:
2013:
46:
Allowing fish and other migratory animals to travel the rivers can help maintain healthy fish populations
4369:
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3562:
3078:
2293:
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4642:
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4602:
4344:
4016:
3697:
3256:
3227:
3127:
3065:
2441:
4720:
4710:
4652:
4411:
3407:
2640:"Adaptive markers distinguish North and South Pacific Albacore amid low population differentiation"
2305:
Myers, George S. (1949). "Usage of
Anadromous, Catadromous and allied terms for migratory fishes".
2187:
Secor, David H; Kerr L A (2009). "Lexicon of life cycle diversity in diadromous and other fishes".
2081:
1822:
106:
2831:
227:
fish that migrate between the sea and fresh water. Like the two aforementioned, well-known terms,
4630:
4612:
4174:
3923:
3674:
3488:
3273:
2442:
Report of the FAO workshop on vulnerable ecosystems and destructive fishing in deep sea fisheries
1889:
1708:
1599:
132:
4592:
4416:
4401:
4224:
3943:
3832:
3508:
3168:
3041:
2426:
2019:
1652:
920:
3020:
4622:
4607:
4116:
3933:
3317:
3222:
1978:
from both freshwater and marine ecosystems. Myxovirus resistance (Mx) proteins are part of a
1656:
2445:
4705:
4617:
3913:
3528:
3493:
3331:
3278:
3185:
2537:
2474:
2093:
1928:
1780:
903:
2922:
Sacrificing the Salmon: A Legal and Policy
History of the Decline of Columbia Basin Salmon
8:
4406:
4349:
4149:
4036:
3825:
3538:
3513:
3503:
3093:
2745:"Genome-wide SNPs resolve spatiotemporal patterns of connectivity within striped marlin (
1847:
Life cycle of anadromous fish. From a U.S. Government pamphlet. (Click image to enlarge.)
1751:
1731:
701:
3341:
2541:
2478:
2097:
2005: – Ability of many animals to find their way accurately without maps or instruments
3988:
3518:
3379:
3374:
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2775:
2744:
2725:
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2639:
2615:
2584:
2560:
2521:
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2322:
2117:
1776:
826:
109:
of different nations, and these are covered differently in the treaty from other fish.
4334:
4239:
4144:
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3998:
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3483:
3402:
3389:
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3190:
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2729:
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2671:
2620:
2565:
2502:
2273:
2263:
2220:
2210:
2145:
2109:
2002:
1598:, highlighted in blue, are the seas which are outside the 200 nmi (370 km)
1081:
153:
148:
2936:
2384:
4076:
4021:
3983:
3938:
3896:
3820:
3607:
3364:
3312:
3295:
3217:
3209:
3017:– International project on tackling fish migration problems in the North Sea Region
2881:
2873:
2770:
2760:
2707:
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2651:
2610:
2600:
2555:
2545:
2492:
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2364:
2314:
2101:
2064:
1958:
since prehistoric times. This fishing practice continues to current times, and the
1851:
1727:
1720:
1606:
531:
361:
54:
2121:
2105:
4293:
4273:
4101:
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4071:
4026:
3908:
3847:
3771:
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3702:
3689:
3659:
3180:
3057:
2463:) populations demands rethink of management for this globally important resource"
2171:
2036:
1947:
1610:
1571:
1380:
1169:
1147:
1059:
998:
667:
339:
232:
211:
131:
species that moves at will from fresh to salt water, and many marine fish make a
78:
28:
85:, in which adult fish live in fresh water and migrate into salt water to spawn.
4569:
4542:
4434:
4426:
4359:
4329:
4268:
4250:
4204:
3798:
3751:
3523:
3457:
3434:
3263:
3246:
3239:
3132:
3005:
2920:
2585:"Indications of strong adaptive population genetic structure in albacore tuna (
2550:
2407:
2403:
2353:"Capelin (Mallotus villosus) in the Iceland–East Greenland–Jan Mayen ecosystem"
1878:
1837:
1806:
1790:
1786:
1760:
1644:
1532:
1232:
1086:
1042:
898:
70:
3200:
2877:
2277:
16:
Movement of fishes from one part of a water body to another on a regular basis
4699:
4671:
4574:
4488:
4308:
4283:
4278:
4234:
4229:
4184:
4179:
4159:
4031:
3810:
3729:
3397:
3139:
3110:
3088:
2817:
2721:
1984:
1955:
1936:
1703:
1648:
1640:
1628:
1564:
1103:
1018:
791:
774:
650:
571:
549:
62:
2945:
Appendix A: Migratory Fish Species in North America, Europe, Asia and Africa
2832:"Experiment shows it is possible for fish to migrate via ingestion by birds"
2224:
2164:
1911:
migrations to reach very specific spawning locations in whitewater canyons.
4564:
4388:
4303:
4263:
4164:
4106:
4046:
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3968:
3958:
3874:
3864:
3793:
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3683:
3644:
3637:
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3452:
3442:
3419:
3300:
2895:
2784:
2675:
2624:
2569:
2506:
2369:
2352:
2113:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1716:
1660:
1632:
1536:
1528:
1431:
1214:
1209:
1125:
1064:
940:
757:
752:
576:
488:
466:
182:
116:
102:
1817:
to enable the salmon to get past. Other examples of anadromous fishes are
4547:
4535:
4461:
4219:
4214:
4189:
4169:
4111:
4006:
3901:
3879:
3869:
3842:
3712:
3664:
3498:
3447:
3288:
3144:
1932:
1924:
1826:
1810:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1747:
1636:
1509:
1504:
1346:
1276:
1254:
1237:
1192:
957:
875:
870:
684:
633:
432:
388:
383:
356:
322:
266:
List of diadromous orders and families, and the number of known species:
186:
94:
89:
2712:
2638:
Vaux, Felix; Bohn, Sandra; Hyde, John R.; O'Malley, Kathleen G. (2021).
4597:
4396:
4364:
4298:
4288:
4209:
4199:
3884:
3852:
3837:
3783:
3756:
3739:
3305:
3283:
2326:
2174:
Connecticut River Coordinator's Office, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
1989:
1971:
1907:
1874:
1870:
1772:
1548:
1448:
1311:
1259:
1152:
1108:
962:
880:
831:
809:
730:
709:
554:
483:
305:
295:
128:
124:
2886:
2765:
2703:
2656:
2605:
2487:
2080:
Gross, Mart R.; Coleman, Ronald M.; McDowall, Robert M. (1988-03-11).
1590:
77:, in which adult fish live in the sea and migrate into fresh water to
4354:
4339:
4324:
4154:
3815:
3761:
3746:
3724:
3707:
3654:
3533:
3173:
3023:– Worldwide network of specialist working on the theme fish migration
2082:"Aquatic Productivity and the Evolution of Diadromous Fish Migration"
1818:
1739:
1712:
1680:
1595:
1560:
1556:
1130:
493:
449:
2583:
Anderson, Giulia; Hampton, John; Smith, Neville; Rico, Ciro (2019).
2318:
2068:
1862:
which migrate huge distances from freshwater rivers to spawn in the
4557:
4498:
4444:
4439:
4258:
4126:
3788:
3734:
3649:
3462:
3424:
3156:
3098:
1676:
1668:
1540:
1397:
1328:
1174:
1037:
980:
747:
616:
393:
366:
2526:) at global geographic scale challenges current stock delineation"
2055:
Dingle, Hugh and Drake, V. Alistair (2007) "What Is Migration?".
1982:
family that aid in viral immunity, and previously, rainbow trout (
1492:
4530:
4525:
4503:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4011:
3963:
3857:
3627:
3622:
3083:
1975:
1939:
1900:
1882:
1696:
1692:
1552:
1524:
1518:
1497:
1414:
1363:
1294:
853:
836:
598:
593:
512:
300:
19:
2743:
Mamoozadeh, Nadya R.; Graves, John E.; McDowell, Jan R. (2020).
2688:
4449:
3117:
2993:
1979:
1974:
live an anadromous lifestyle, they encounter a larger range of
1943:
1672:
1575:
1514:
410:
178:
112:
24:
2749:), a broadly distributed and highly migratory pelagic species"
2294:
Investigating Diadromy in Fishes and Its Loss in an -Omics Era
4552:
4481:
3891:
3359:
1688:
1684:
1664:
1544:
2385:"Modelling and simulations of the migration of pelagic fish"
4454:
4041:
3594:
3585:
3105:
3026:
2947:
in Carolsfield J, Harvey B, Ross C and Anton Baer A (2004)
1896:
1830:
1624:
136:
58:
27:
are anadromous and can migrate long distances up rivers to
2519:
4493:
4061:
2456:
2437:
2039: – 2001 British nature documentary television series
1814:
1735:
427:
205:
120:
2742:
2637:
2582:
3554:
251:– fish whose migrations occur wholly within fresh water
196:– fish that migrate from fresh water down (Greek: κατά
1543:
at the edge of the ice shelf. Larger capelin also eat
214:
coined the following terms in a 1949 journal article.
123:
are catadromous fish that make large migrations. The
2079:
1931:
are known which exploited the anadromous fishery of
3010:
Introduction to the Convention on Migratory Species
2138:Woo, Patrick T. K.; Iwama, George K. (2019-12-21).
2016: – Classes of possible reproductive strategies
3544:Task allocation and partitioning of social insects
2027: – Field project of the Census of Marine Life
2289:
2287:
2209:. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
2200:
2198:
1785:Some of the best-known anadromous fishes are the
1539:oceans. In summer, they graze on dense swarms of
4697:
2682:
2236:
2234:
2141:Climate Change and Non-infectious Fish Disorders
169:– fish that migrate from the sea up (Greek: ἀνά
2736:
1621:United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
177:, "course") into fresh water to spawn, such as
119:are well-known anadromous fish, and freshwater
99:United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
2284:
2195:
2033: – Field project by Census of Marine Life
1854:are made by freshwater eels. Examples are the
1726:Highly migratory species can be compared with
259:– fish that live and migrate wholly in the sea
93:own offspring and moving in this way prevents
3570:
3042:
2589:) in the southwest and central Pacific Ocean"
2576:
2513:
2231:
2186:
1895:A number of large marine fishes, such as the
101:as highly migratory species. These are large
2522:"The population genomics of yellowfin tuna (
2350:
2207:Fishes : an introduction to ichthyology
2182:
2180:
1619:(HMS) has its origins in Article 64 of the
1585:
204:, "course") into the sea to spawn, such as
3577:
3563:
3049:
3035:
2941:, The Megalithic Portal, ed. by A. Burnham
2797:
2450:
2298:
2253:
2251:
97:. Some species have been described by the
4122:Tradeoffs for locomotion in air and water
2885:
2798:Lucas, Martyn C.; Baras, Etienne (2001).
2791:
2774:
2764:
2711:
2665:
2655:
2631:
2614:
2604:
2559:
2549:
2496:
2486:
2368:
2205:Moyle, Peter B.; Cech, Joseph J. (2004).
2204:
2177:
2133:
2131:
2972:Physiology and Ecology of Fish Migration
2431:
2137:
1918:
1842:
1734:. Straddling stock range both within an
1589:
1570:The diagram on the right shows the main
1491:
152:Ocean migration of Atlantic salmon from
147:
33:
18:
2951:World Fisheries Trust/World Bank/IDRC.
2248:
4698:
2459:"Evidence of discrete yellowfin tuna (
2128:
3558:
3152:Patterns of self-organization in ants
3030:
2932:, 2nd ed. Saunders, pp. 599–605.
2427:Background: Highly Migratory Species
2304:
1750:from separate ocean basins. However,
69:Fish migrations involve movements of
2969:Ueda H and Tsukamoto K (eds) (2013)
2863:
2257:
2025:Pacific Ocean Shelf Tracking Project
1960:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
4678:
3949:Electroreception and electrogenesis
140:disrupted by the building of dams.
13:
3162:symmetry breaking of escaping ants
2963:
2444:, Rome, Fisheries Report No. 829.
2423:Pacific Fishery Management Council
2260:Ecology and conservation of fishes
1965:
14:
4732:
2987:
2949:Migratory Fishes of South America
1852:Remarkable catadromous migrations
1766:
143:
4677:
4666:
4665:
4648:
4647:
3673:
3199:
2992:
2351:Vilhjálmsson, H (October 2002).
3633:Environmental impact of fishing
2857:
2848:
2824:
2416:
2397:
2377:
2344:
2333:
1563:. The migration is affected by
235:(, "through"; and , "running").
2800:Migration of freshwater fishes
2357:ICES Journal of Marine Science
2158:
2073:
2049:
1950:tribe has harvested migrating
1715:outside these zones. They are
1487:
1:
2913:
2866:Fish and Shellfish Immunology
2802:. Oxford: Blackwell Science.
2262:. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
2106:10.1126/science.239.4845.1291
3718:intramembranous ossification
3123:Mixed-species foraging flock
3074:Agent-based model in biology
3056:
2031:Tagging of Pacific Predators
2009:Hydrological transport model
105:that move in and out of the
7:
3370:Particle swarm optimization
2014:Semelparity and iteroparity
1996:
1881:of Central America and the
1517:, their feeding ground in
10:
4737:
4097:Fin and flipper locomotion
4067:Sequential hermaphroditism
3954:Jamming avoidance response
3671:
3079:Collective animal behavior
2551:10.1038/s41598-018-32331-3
2165:Atlantic Salmon Life Cycle
1770:
1604:
1502:
1253:
869:
482:
4661:
4585:
4518:
4425:
4387:
4378:
4317:
4248:
4135:
4087:
3997:
3922:
3682:
3592:
3471:
3433:
3388:
3340:
3208:
3197:
3064:
2878:10.1016/j.fsi.2019.04.303
2753:Evolutionary Applications
2644:Evolutionary Applications
2388:Journal of Marine Science
2170:January 15, 2014, at the
1527:are a forage fish of the
1168:
956:
897:
830:
825:
751:
746:
700:
592:
487:
426:
387:
382:
299:
294:
3584:
3408:Self-propelled particles
2340:Supplemental Information
2258:Tyus, Harold M. (2012).
2043:
1952:Lahontan cutthroat trout
1823:three-spined stickleback
1709:exclusive economic zones
1617:highly migratory species
1600:exclusive economic zones
1586:Highly migratory species
107:exclusive economic zones
4613:Glossary of ichthyology
4175:Diel vertical migration
3489:Collective intelligence
3355:Ant colony optimization
2925:Bookworld Publications.
2692:Journal of Biogeography
1890:Diel vertical migration
1627:and tuna-like species (
1496:Migration of Icelandic
921:Neotropical silversides
133:diel vertical migration
3979:Surface wave detection
3944:Hydrodynamic reception
3618:Diseases and parasites
3509:Microbial intelligence
3169:Shoaling and schooling
3021:Fish Migration Network
2370:10.1006/jmsc.2002.1233
2020:Ocean Tracking Network
1848:
1602:
1500:
156:
47:
31:
4117:Undulatory locomotion
3934:Ampullae of Lorenzini
3001:at Wikimedia Commons
2593:Ecology and Evolution
1919:Historic exploitation
1846:
1593:
1495:
904:Old World silversides
151:
45:
22:
4345:Genetically modified
3529:Spatial organization
3494:Decentralised system
3332:Sea turtle migration
3186:Swarming (honey bee)
2189:Am. Fish. Soc. Symp.
1929:Millingstone Horizon
1781:Lessepsian migration
1531:family found in the
200:, "down" and δρόμος
4150:Aquatic respiration
4037:Life history theory
3504:Group size measures
3066:Biological swarming
2599:(18): 10354–10364.
2542:2018NatSR...813890P
2479:2015NatSR...516916G
2098:1988Sci...239.1291G
2092:(4845): 1291–1293.
1985:Oncorhynchus mykiss
1732:transboundary stock
702:Protacanthopterygii
3989:Weberian apparatus
3519:Predator satiation
3380:Swarm (simulation)
3375:Swarm intelligence
3350:Agent-based models
3181:Swarming behaviour
2935:Hogan, C M (2008)
2530:Scientific Reports
2467:Scientific Reports
2406:Convention on the
2245:, 734(1), 187–199.
1849:
1777:Vertical migration
1752:population genomic
1738:as well as in the
1603:
1501:
1238:Cheimarrichthyidae
827:Paracanthopterygii
173:, "up" and δρόμος
157:
48:
32:
4693:
4692:
4603:Fish common names
4514:
4513:
4145:Aquatic predation
3969:Capacity for pain
3698:Age determination
3552:
3551:
3539:Military swarming
3484:Animal navigation
3403:Collective motion
3390:Collective motion
3257:reverse migration
3191:Swarming motility
2997:Media related to
2930:Biology of Fishes
2928:Bond, C E (1996)
2809:978-0-470-99965-3
2766:10.1111/eva.12892
2704:10.1111/jbi.14135
2657:10.1111/eva.13202
2606:10.1002/ece3.5554
2524:Thunnus albacares
2488:10.1038/srep16916
2461:Thunnus albacares
2269:978-1-4398-9759-1
2151:978-1-78639-398-2
2003:Animal navigation
1877:, which lives in
1789:species, such as
1485:
1484:
1082:Tetraodontiformes
154:Connecticut River
61:from one area or
43:
4728:
4716:Animal migration
4681:
4680:
4669:
4668:
4651:
4650:
4385:
4384:
3677:
3608:Ethnoichthyology
3579:
3572:
3565:
3556:
3555:
3365:Crowd simulation
3342:Swarm algorithms
3313:Insect migration
3218:Animal migration
3210:Animal migration
3203:
3128:Mobbing behavior
3051:
3044:
3037:
3028:
3027:
3015:Living North Sea
2996:
2919:Blumm, M (2002)
2908:
2907:
2889:
2861:
2855:
2854:C.M. Hogan, 2008
2852:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2842:
2828:
2822:
2821:
2795:
2789:
2788:
2778:
2768:
2740:
2734:
2733:
2715:
2698:(8): 2053–2067.
2686:
2680:
2679:
2669:
2659:
2650:(5): 1343–1364.
2635:
2629:
2628:
2618:
2608:
2587:Thunnus alalunga
2580:
2574:
2573:
2563:
2553:
2517:
2511:
2510:
2500:
2490:
2454:
2448:
2435:
2429:
2420:
2414:
2401:
2395:
2381:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2348:
2342:
2337:
2331:
2330:
2302:
2296:
2291:
2282:
2281:
2255:
2246:
2238:
2229:
2228:
2202:
2193:
2192:
2184:
2175:
2162:
2156:
2155:
2135:
2126:
2125:
2077:
2071:
2053:
1869:An example of a
1728:straddling stock
1721:nearshore waters
1687:and oceangoing
1657:southern bluefin
1607:Straddling stock
1381:Temperate perchs
937:Gobiesociformes
532:Pristigasteridae
362:Acipenseriformes
269:
268:
231:was formed from
44:
23:Many species of
4736:
4735:
4731:
4730:
4729:
4727:
4726:
4725:
4721:Fish migrations
4711:Aquatic ecology
4696:
4695:
4694:
4689:
4657:
4581:
4510:
4421:
4374:
4313:
4244:
4137:
4131:
4083:
4027:Ichthyoplankton
3993:
3925:
3918:
3914:Digital Library
3909:Teleost leptins
3848:Shark cartilage
3772:pharyngeal slit
3767:pharyngeal arch
3703:Anguilliformity
3688:
3686:
3678:
3669:
3588:
3583:
3553:
3548:
3467:
3429:
3384:
3336:
3204:
3195:
3060:
3055:
2990:
2966:
2964:Further reading
2916:
2911:
2862:
2858:
2853:
2849:
2840:
2838:
2830:
2829:
2825:
2810:
2796:
2792:
2741:
2737:
2687:
2683:
2636:
2632:
2581:
2577:
2518:
2514:
2455:
2451:
2436:
2432:
2421:
2417:
2402:
2398:
2382:
2378:
2349:
2345:
2338:
2334:
2319:10.2307/1438482
2303:
2299:
2292:
2285:
2270:
2256:
2249:
2239:
2232:
2217:
2203:
2196:
2185:
2178:
2172:Wayback Machine
2163:
2159:
2152:
2136:
2129:
2078:
2074:
2069:10.1641/B570206
2054:
2050:
2046:
2037:The Blue Planet
1999:
1968:
1966:Myxovirus genes
1921:
1873:species is the
1805:(humpback) and
1783:
1769:
1754:research using
1613:
1611:Bonn Convention
1588:
1507:
1490:
1415:Pseudaphritidae
1347:Lateolabracidae
1212:
1170:Scorpaeniformes
1148:Acanthuriformes
1060:Syngnathiformes
999:Rhyacichthyidae
668:Eeltail catfish
340:Petromyzontidae
233:Classical Greek
212:George S. Myers
146:
71:schools of fish
55:mass relocation
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4734:
4724:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4691:
4690:
4688:
4687:
4675:
4662:
4659:
4658:
4656:
4655:
4645:
4640:
4639:
4638:
4633:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4589:
4587:
4583:
4582:
4580:
4579:
4578:
4577:
4572:
4562:
4561:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4540:
4539:
4538:
4533:
4522:
4520:
4516:
4515:
4512:
4511:
4509:
4508:
4507:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4486:
4485:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4459:
4458:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4431:
4429:
4427:Wild fisheries
4423:
4422:
4420:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4393:
4391:
4382:
4376:
4375:
4373:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4350:Hallucinogenic
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4321:
4319:
4315:
4314:
4312:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4255:
4253:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4225:Schooling fish
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4185:Filter feeders
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4160:Bottom feeders
4157:
4152:
4147:
4141:
4139:
4133:
4132:
4130:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4093:
4091:
4085:
4084:
4082:
4081:
4080:
4079:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4003:
4001:
3995:
3994:
3992:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3930:
3928:
3920:
3919:
3917:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3905:
3904:
3899:
3889:
3888:
3887:
3882:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3861:
3860:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3829:
3828:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3806:Leydig's organ
3803:
3802:
3801:
3799:pharyngeal jaw
3796:
3786:
3781:
3780:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3752:branchial arch
3744:
3743:
3742:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3721:
3720:
3715:
3705:
3700:
3694:
3692:
3680:
3679:
3672:
3670:
3668:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3641:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3599:
3597:
3590:
3589:
3582:
3581:
3574:
3567:
3559:
3550:
3549:
3547:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3524:Quorum sensing
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3475:
3473:
3472:Related topics
3469:
3468:
3466:
3465:
3460:
3458:Swarm robotics
3455:
3450:
3445:
3439:
3437:
3435:Swarm robotics
3431:
3430:
3428:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3405:
3400:
3394:
3392:
3386:
3385:
3383:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3346:
3344:
3338:
3337:
3335:
3334:
3329:
3328:
3327:
3326:
3325:
3310:
3309:
3308:
3303:
3293:
3292:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3269:Fish migration
3266:
3264:Cell migration
3261:
3260:
3259:
3254:
3247:Bird migration
3244:
3243:
3242:
3240:coded wire tag
3237:
3236:
3235:
3225:
3214:
3212:
3206:
3205:
3198:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3166:
3165:
3164:
3159:
3149:
3148:
3147:
3137:
3136:
3135:
3133:feeding frenzy
3125:
3120:
3115:
3114:
3113:
3103:
3102:
3101:
3096:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3070:
3068:
3062:
3061:
3054:
3053:
3046:
3039:
3031:
3025:
3024:
3018:
3012:
3006:United Nations
2999:Fish migration
2989:
2988:External links
2986:
2985:
2984:
2965:
2962:
2961:
2960:
2942:
2933:
2926:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2909:
2856:
2847:
2823:
2808:
2790:
2759:(4): 677–698.
2735:
2681:
2630:
2575:
2512:
2449:
2430:
2415:
2408:Law of the Sea
2404:United Nations
2396:
2376:
2363:(5): 870–883.
2343:
2332:
2297:
2283:
2268:
2247:
2230:
2215:
2194:
2191:(69): 537–556.
2176:
2157:
2150:
2127:
2072:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2034:
2028:
2022:
2017:
2011:
2006:
1998:
1995:
1967:
1964:
1920:
1917:
1879:Lake Nicaragua
1838:Pacific salmon
1787:Pacific salmon
1768:
1767:Other examples
1765:
1761:striped marlin
1587:
1584:
1565:ocean currents
1489:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1462:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1411:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1257:
1251:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1235:
1233:Trachiniformes
1229:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1172:
1166:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1150:
1144:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1128:
1122:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1106:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1087:Tetraodontidae
1084:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1062:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:Pleuronectidae
1040:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1016:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1001:
995:
994:
991:
989:
986:
983:
977:
976:
973:
970:
968:
965:
960:
954:
953:
950:
948:
946:
943:
938:
934:
933:
931:
929:
926:
923:
917:
916:
913:
911:
909:
906:
901:
899:Atheriniformes
895:
894:
891:
888:
886:
883:
878:
873:
867:
866:
864:
862:
859:
856:
850:
849:
847:
845:
842:
839:
834:
829:
823:
822:
820:
818:
815:
812:
806:
805:
802:
800:
797:
794:
788:
787:
784:
782:
780:
777:
775:Plecoglossidae
771:
770:
768:
766:
763:
760:
755:
750:
744:
743:
741:
739:
736:
733:
728:
727:Salmoniformes
724:
723:
720:
718:
715:
712:
707:
706:Galaxiiformes
704:
698:
697:
694:
692:
690:
687:
681:
680:
677:
675:
673:
670:
664:
663:
661:
659:
656:
653:
647:
646:
644:
642:
639:
636:
630:
629:
627:
625:
622:
619:
613:
612:
609:
607:
604:
601:
596:
590:
589:
587:
585:
582:
579:
574:
568:
567:
565:
563:
560:
557:
552:
546:
545:
542:
540:
537:
534:
528:
527:
524:
521:
518:
515:
509:
508:
505:
502:
499:
496:
491:
486:
480:
479:
477:
475:
472:
469:
463:
462:
460:
457:
455:
452:
446:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
430:
424:
423:
421:
418:
416:
413:
407:
406:
404:
402:
399:
396:
391:
386:
380:
379:
377:
375:
372:
369:
364:
359:
353:
352:
350:
348:
345:
342:
336:
335:
333:
331:
328:
325:
319:
318:
316:
314:
311:
308:
303:
298:
292:
291:
288:
285:
282:
279:
276:
273:
261:
260:
252:
244:
236:
209:
208:
189:
145:
144:Classification
142:
51:Fish migration
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4733:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4703:
4701:
4686:
4685:
4676:
4674:
4673:
4664:
4663:
4660:
4654:
4653:more lists...
4646:
4644:
4641:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4628:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4608:Fish families
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4593:Aquarium life
4591:
4590:
4588:
4584:
4576:
4575:fleshy-finned
4573:
4571:
4568:
4567:
4566:
4563:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4545:
4544:
4543:Cartilaginous
4541:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4528:
4527:
4524:
4523:
4521:
4517:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
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4492:
4491:
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4487:
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4453:
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4408:
4405:
4403:
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4398:
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4392:
4390:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4377:
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4361:
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4353:
4351:
4348:
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4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4322:
4320:
4316:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4252:
4247:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4180:Electric fish
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4142:
4140:
4134:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4094:
4092:
4090:
4086:
4078:
4075:
4074:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4004:
4002:
4000:
3996:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3931:
3929:
3927:
3921:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3894:
3893:
3890:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3877:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3859:
3856:
3855:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3827:
3824:
3823:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3811:Mauthner cell
3809:
3807:
3804:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3791:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3749:
3748:
3745:
3741:
3738:
3737:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3730:Chromatophore
3728:
3726:
3723:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3710:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3695:
3693:
3691:
3685:
3681:
3676:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3625:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3600:
3598:
3596:
3591:
3587:
3580:
3575:
3573:
3568:
3566:
3561:
3560:
3557:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3470:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3438:
3436:
3432:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3414:
3411:
3410:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3398:Active matter
3396:
3395:
3393:
3391:
3387:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3343:
3339:
3333:
3330:
3324:
3321:
3320:
3319:
3316:
3315:
3314:
3311:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3298:
3297:
3294:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3274:diel vertical
3272:
3271:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3249:
3248:
3245:
3241:
3238:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3219:
3216:
3215:
3213:
3211:
3207:
3202:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3175:
3172:
3171:
3170:
3167:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3153:
3150:
3146:
3143:
3142:
3141:
3138:
3134:
3131:
3130:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3112:
3111:herd behavior
3109:
3108:
3107:
3104:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3052:
3047:
3045:
3040:
3038:
3033:
3032:
3029:
3022:
3019:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3007:
3004:
3003:
3002:
3000:
2995:
2982:
2981:9781466595132
2978:
2974:
2973:
2968:
2967:
2958:
2957:1-55250-114-0
2954:
2950:
2946:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2934:
2931:
2927:
2924:
2923:
2918:
2917:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2860:
2851:
2837:
2833:
2827:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2805:
2801:
2794:
2786:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2748:
2747:Kajikia audax
2739:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2685:
2677:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2634:
2626:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2588:
2579:
2571:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2525:
2516:
2508:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2462:
2453:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2434:
2428:
2424:
2419:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2400:
2393:
2389:
2386:
2380:
2371:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2347:
2341:
2336:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2301:
2295:
2290:
2288:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2265:
2261:
2254:
2252:
2244:
2243:Hydrobiologia
2237:
2235:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2216:0-13-100847-1
2212:
2208:
2201:
2199:
2190:
2183:
2181:
2173:
2169:
2166:
2161:
2153:
2147:
2143:
2142:
2134:
2132:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2076:
2070:
2066:
2063:(2):113–121.
2062:
2058:
2052:
2048:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1994:
1991:
1987:
1986:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1956:Truckee River
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1938:
1937:Pacific coast
1934:
1930:
1926:
1916:
1912:
1909:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1893:
1891:
1887:
1884:
1883:Zambezi River
1880:
1876:
1872:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1845:
1841:
1839:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1764:
1762:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1743:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1705:
1704:trophic level
1700:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1612:
1608:
1601:
1597:
1592:
1583:
1579:
1577:
1573:
1568:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1520:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1499:
1494:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1326:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1277:Centropomidae
1275:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1104:Carangiformes
1102:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:Mugiliformes
1014:
1013:
1009:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
996:
992:
990:
987:
984:
982:
979:
978:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
955:
951:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
936:
935:
932:
930:
927:
924:
922:
919:
918:
914:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
896:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
868:
865:
863:
860:
857:
855:
852:
851:
848:
846:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
828:
824:
821:
819:
816:
813:
811:
808:
807:
803:
801:
798:
795:
793:
792:Retropinnidae
790:
789:
785:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
772:
769:
767:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
749:
745:
742:
740:
737:
734:
732:
729:
726:
725:
721:
719:
716:
713:
711:
708:
705:
703:
699:
695:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
682:
678:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
665:
662:
660:
657:
654:
652:
651:Shark catfish
649:
648:
645:
643:
640:
637:
635:
632:
631:
628:
626:
623:
620:
618:
615:
614:
610:
608:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
591:
588:
586:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
572:Characiformes
570:
569:
566:
564:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
550:Cypriniformes
548:
547:
543:
541:
538:
535:
533:
530:
529:
525:
522:
519:
516:
514:
511:
510:
506:
503:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
485:
481:
478:
476:
473:
470:
468:
465:
464:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
447:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
425:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
408:
405:
403:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
385:
381:
378:
376:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
354:
351:
349:
346:
343:
341:
338:
337:
334:
332:
329:
326:
324:
321:
320:
317:
315:
312:
309:
307:
304:
302:
297:
293:
290:Amphidromous
289:
286:
283:
280:
277:
274:
271:
270:
267:
264:
258:
257:
256:Oceanodromous
253:
250:
249:
248:Potamodromous
245:
242:
241:
237:
234:
230:
226:
222:
221:
217:
216:
215:
213:
207:
203:
199:
195:
194:
190:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
167:
163:
162:
161:
155:
150:
141:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
108:
104:
100:
96:
91:
86:
84:
80:
76:
72:
67:
64:
63:body of water
60:
56:
52:
30:
26:
21:
4682:
4670:
4570:spiny-finned
4519:Major groups
4240:Intelligence
4220:Scale eaters
4194:
4165:Cleaner fish
4047:Mouthbrooder
3999:Reproduction
3974:Schreckstoff
3959:Lateral line
3875:Swim bladder
3865:Spiral valve
3794:hyomandibula
3777:pseudobranch
3660:Hypoxia in -
3479:Allee effect
3453:Nanorobotics
3443:Ant robotics
3420:Vicsek model
3268:
2991:
2971:
2948:
2937:
2929:
2921:
2869:
2865:
2859:
2850:
2839:. Retrieved
2835:
2826:
2799:
2793:
2756:
2752:
2746:
2738:
2713:11343/298583
2695:
2691:
2684:
2647:
2643:
2633:
2596:
2592:
2586:
2578:
2536:(1): 13890.
2533:
2529:
2523:
2515:
2470:
2466:
2460:
2452:
2433:
2418:
2399:
2394:(5):826-838.
2391:
2387:
2379:
2360:
2356:
2346:
2335:
2313:(2): 89–97.
2310:
2306:
2300:
2259:
2242:
2206:
2188:
2160:
2140:
2089:
2085:
2075:
2060:
2056:
2051:
1983:
1969:
1922:
1913:
1905:
1894:
1888:
1868:
1864:Sargasso Sea
1860:European eel
1856:American eel
1850:
1835:
1811:fish ladders
1784:
1744:
1725:
1701:
1653:little tunny
1616:
1614:
1580:
1574:grounds and
1569:
1523:
1508:
1432:Terapontidae
1215:Tetraroginae
1210:Scorpaenidae
1193:Sticklebacks
1126:Moroniformes
1065:Syngnathidae
941:Gobiesocidae
753:Osmeriformes
577:Citharinidae
489:Clupeiformes
467:Ophichthidae
287:Catadromous
265:
262:
255:
254:
247:
246:
240:Amphidromous
239:
238:
228:
224:
219:
218:
210:
201:
197:
192:
191:
183:striped bass
174:
170:
165:
164:
158:
117:striped bass
111:
103:pelagic fish
87:
82:
74:
68:
50:
49:
4706:Ichthyology
4684:WikiProject
4643:Prehistoric
4627:Threatened
4318:Other types
4215:Sardine run
4190:Forage fish
4170:Corallivory
4022:Development
4007:Bubble nest
3880:physoclisti
3870:Suckermouth
3843:Root effect
3665:Ichthyology
3499:Eusociality
3448:Microbotics
3318:butterflies
3289:sardine run
3223:altitudinal
3145:pack hunter
2975:CRC Press.
2938:Morro Creek
2872:: 413–430.
1933:Morro Creek
1925:prehistoric
1827:sea lamprey
1748:fish stocks
1711:and in the
1702:These high
1637:bigeye tuna
1549:crustaceans
1510:Forage fish
1505:Sardine run
1488:Forage fish
1255:Perciformes
1213:(subfamily
958:Gobiiformes
876:Ovalentaria
871:Percomorpha
685:Schilbeidae
634:Claroteidae
433:Anguillidae
389:Elopiformes
384:Elopomorpha
357:Chondrostei
323:Mordaciidae
284:Anadromous
281:Diadromous
193:Catadromous
187:sea lamprey
95:cannibalism
90:forage fish
83:catadromous
4700:Categories
4299:Groundfish
4294:Freshwater
4289:Euryhaline
4274:Coral reef
4210:Salmon run
4200:Paedophagy
4102:Amphibious
4089:Locomotion
3897:pharyngeal
3885:physostome
3838:Photophore
3784:Glossohyal
3757:gill raker
3740:dorsal fin
3690:physiology
3413:clustering
3306:philopatry
3284:salmon run
3279:Lessepsian
2914:References
2887:2164/14229
2841:2020-06-23
2278:1032266421
2057:BioScience
1990:Gadiformes
1954:along the
1935:and other
1908:pikeminnow
1875:bull shark
1871:euryhaline
1797:(silver),
1773:Salmon run
1771:See also:
1695:and other
1605:See also:
1547:and other
1503:See also:
1449:Archerfish
1312:Haemulidae
1260:Lutjanidae
1153:Sciaenidae
1109:Carangidae
963:Eleotridae
881:Ambassidae
832:Gadiformes
810:Salangidae
731:Salmonidae
710:Galaxiidae
555:Cyprinidae
484:Otocephala
450:Moray eels
306:Geotriidae
296:Cyclostomi
229:diadromous
220:Diadromous
185:, and the
166:Anadromous
129:euryhaline
125:bull shark
75:anadromous
4548:chimaeras
4435:Predatory
4412:Salmonids
4370:Whitefish
4360:Poisonous
4335:Diversity
4269:Coldwater
4205:Predatory
4195:Migratory
4155:Bait ball
4138:behaviour
4057:Pregnancy
4052:Polyandry
3826:papillare
3821:Operculum
3816:Meristics
3762:gill slit
3725:Cleithrum
3655:Fish kill
3645:Fear of -
3638:- as food
3628:Fisheries
3613:Evolution
3603:Diversity
3534:Stigmergy
3514:Mutualism
3174:bait ball
2904:147706565
2818:212130719
2730:236381627
2722:0305-0270
2473:: 16916.
1972:salmonids
1940:estuaries
1901:fisheries
1819:sea trout
1740:high seas
1713:high seas
1697:cetaceans
1681:swordfish
1645:yellowfin
1615:The term
1596:high seas
1561:Jan Mayen
1557:Greenland
1329:Flagtails
1131:Moronidae
1019:Mugilidae
513:Anchovies
494:Clupeidae
367:Sturgeons
4672:Category
4623:Smallest
4536:lampreys
4499:flatfish
4489:Demersal
4445:mackerel
4440:billfish
4380:Commerce
4309:Tropical
4284:Demersal
4279:Deep-sea
4235:Venomous
4127:RoboTuna
4077:triggers
4072:Spawning
4032:Juvenile
4017:Egg case
3650:FishBase
3463:Symbrion
3425:BIO-LGCA
3228:tracking
3157:ant mill
3099:sort sol
3094:flocking
3058:Swarming
2896:31063803
2836:phys.org
2785:32211060
2676:34025772
2625:31624554
2570:30224658
2507:26593698
2225:52386194
2168:Archived
2144:. CABI.
2114:17833216
1997:See also
1970:Because
1858:and the
1836:Several
1793:(king),
1693:dolphins
1677:sailfish
1649:blackfin
1641:skipjack
1629:albacore
1572:spawning
1541:plankton
1533:Atlantic
1398:Percidae
1295:Mojarras
1175:Cottidae
1038:Flatfish
981:Gobiidae
748:Stomiati
617:Bagridae
394:Elopidae
301:Lampreys
4618:Largest
4531:hagfish
4526:Jawless
4504:pollock
4477:sardine
4472:herring
4467:anchovy
4417:Tilapia
4407:Octopus
4402:Catfish
4389:Farming
4304:Pelagic
4264:Coastal
4251:habitat
4107:Walking
4012:Clasper
3964:Otolith
3926:systems
3924:Sensory
3858:ganoine
3833:Papilla
3684:Anatomy
3623:Fishing
3323:monarch
3252:flyways
3233:history
3084:Droving
2776:7086058
2667:8127716
2616:6787800
2561:6141456
2538:Bibcode
2498:4655351
2475:Bibcode
2440:(2007)
2327:1438482
2094:Bibcode
2086:Science
1980:GTP-ase
1976:viruses
1807:sockeye
1801:(dog),
1791:Chinook
1717:pelagic
1669:pomfret
1633:bluefin
1553:Iceland
1525:Capelin
1519:Iceland
1498:capelin
1364:Latidae
854:Lotidae
837:Gadidae
599:Ariidae
594:Catfish
411:Tarpons
278:Family
88:Marine
4636:sharks
4553:sharks
4482:sprats
4462:Forage
4450:salmon
4330:Coarse
4112:Flying
3984:Vision
3939:Barbel
3853:Scales
3713:dermal
3593:About
3296:Homing
3118:Locust
2979:
2955:
2902:
2894:
2816:
2806:
2783:
2773:
2728:
2720:
2674:
2664:
2623:
2613:
2568:
2558:
2505:
2495:
2325:
2307:Copeia
2276:
2266:
2223:
2213:
2148:
2122:241447
2120:
2112:
1948:Paiute
1944:Nevada
1923:Since
1779:, and
1689:sharks
1673:marlin
1661:bullet
1576:larval
1537:Arctic
1515:Norway
758:Smelts
275:Order
272:Clade
202:dromos
179:salmon
175:drómos
113:Salmon
81:; and
25:salmon
4598:Blind
4586:Lists
4365:Rough
4230:Sleep
4136:Other
3902:shark
3892:Teeth
3360:Boids
3301:natal
3089:Flock
2900:S2CID
2726:S2CID
2323:JSTOR
2118:S2CID
2044:Notes
1942:. In
1829:and
1685:saury
1665:wahoo
1545:krill
1529:smelt
1465:Total
127:is a
79:spawn
29:spawn
4631:rays
4565:Bony
4558:rays
4455:tuna
4397:Carp
4355:Oily
4340:Game
4325:Bait
4259:Cave
4042:Milt
3747:Gill
3735:Fins
3708:Bone
3595:fish
3586:Fish
3140:Pack
3106:Herd
2977:ISBN
2953:ISBN
2892:PMID
2814:OCLC
2804:ISBN
2781:PMID
2718:ISSN
2672:PMID
2621:PMID
2566:PMID
2503:PMID
2446:HTML
2412:Text
2311:1949
2274:OCLC
2264:ISBN
2221:OCLC
2211:ISBN
2146:ISBN
2110:PMID
1946:the
1897:tuna
1831:shad
1815:dams
1803:pink
1799:chum
1795:coho
1730:and
1659:and
1625:tuna
1609:and
1594:The
1559:and
1535:and
1481:224
993:101
985:103
428:Eels
206:eels
198:kata
137:tuna
121:eels
115:and
59:fish
4494:cod
4249:By
4062:Roe
3789:Jaw
3687:and
2882:hdl
2874:doi
2771:PMC
2761:doi
2708:hdl
2700:doi
2662:PMC
2652:doi
2611:PMC
2601:doi
2556:PMC
2546:doi
2493:PMC
2483:doi
2438:FAO
2410::
2365:doi
2315:doi
2102:doi
2090:239
2065:doi
1813:in
1756:RAD
1736:EEZ
1663:),
1475:147
1472:444
1333:10
1029:27
1023:34
975:32
967:37
765:10
762:10
738:35
735:35
722:10
714:11
611:10
603:13
517:11
501:26
498:31
442:16
437:16
374:18
371:18
225:all
171:aná
57:by
53:is
4702::
3008::
2898:.
2890:.
2880:.
2870:90
2868:.
2834:.
2812:.
2779:.
2769:.
2757:13
2755:.
2751:.
2724:.
2716:.
2706:.
2696:48
2694:.
2670:.
2660:.
2648:14
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2642:.
2619:.
2609:.
2595:.
2591:.
2564:.
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2532:.
2528:.
2501:.
2491:.
2481:.
2469:.
2465:.
2425::
2392:66
2390:,
2361:59
2359:.
2355:.
2321:.
2309:.
2286:^
2272:.
2250:^
2233:^
2219:.
2197:^
2179:^
2130:^
2116:.
2108:.
2100:.
2088:.
2084:.
2061:57
2059:,
1903:.
1833:.
1825:,
1821:,
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1763:.
1723:.
1699:.
1691:,
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1679:,
1675:,
1671:,
1667:,
1655:,
1651:,
1647:,
1643:,
1639:,
1635:,
1631:,
1555:,
1478:73
1460:3
1453:3
1441:1
1436:1
1424:1
1419:1
1405:1
1402:1
1390:1
1385:1
1373:1
1368:1
1356:1
1351:1
1341:5
1338:5
1323:1
1316:1
1306:7
1299:7
1289:7
1286:2
1281:9
1269:2
1264:2
1249:1
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1220:1
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1200:2
1197:2
1187:6
1184:2
1179:8
1164:3
1157:3
1138:2
1135:2
1120:2
1113:2
1094:2
1091:2
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1069:5
1052:2
1047:2
1032:6
1026:1
1010:2
1003:2
988:2
972:5
952:1
945:1
928:2
925:2
915:1
908:1
893:3
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885:4
861:1
858:1
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841:1
817:6
814:6
804:4
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796:5
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779:1
717:1
696:1
689:1
679:1
672:1
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655:1
641:1
638:1
624:1
621:1
606:3
584:2
581:2
562:6
559:6
544:3
539:4
536:7
526:5
523:1
520:5
507:3
504:2
474:1
471:1
459:1
454:1
420:1
415:1
401:1
398:1
347:8
344:8
330:2
327:2
313:1
310:1
223:–
181:,
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2876::
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2787:.
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2540::
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2329:.
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2280:.
2227:.
2154:.
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2104::
2096::
2067::
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