862:
576:
546:
290:
854:
603:
162:
729:
561:
835:
306:
177:
85:
80:
591:
843:
431:
2303:
3299:
1139:
30:
2313:
714:
1900:
501:
671:
Several opinions have been expressed on the meaning of the red and white in the
Indonesian flag. One of them is that the red stands for courage, while the white stands for purity. Another opinion is that red represents the human body or physical life, while white represents the
1126:
Article 66 and 67 of Law No. 24/2009 states that anyone who commits any of these prohibited acts may be punishable with imprisonment for up to five years or be subject to a fine of up to five hundred million rupiah.
236:
has the exact same dimensions as
Indonesia's, but supplemented with a white crescent moon and five stars in a pentagram at the upper left corner of the flag, of which the red is of a slightly lighter shade.
1818:
662:
during the independence day ceremony. It was hoisted for the last time on 17 August 1968. Since then it has been preserved and replaced by a replica since the original flag was deemed to be too fragile.
1848:
232:
has similar dimensions but has the colours reversed: white on top and red on the bottom. In both Monaco's and Poland's flags, the reds are of a slightly darker shade than that of
Indonesia. The
255:
while anchored or moored pierside and on special occasions. The design of the jack is described as nine alternating stripes, consisted of five red and four white stripes. It is nicknamed
478:. Upon Indonesia's declaration of independence on 17 August 1945, it was adopted as the national flag, and has been in use ever since. After Indonesia's independence was recognized,
1654:
454:('Indonesian Association'). Compiling 13 letters written by its anonymous members, it had a sinister hoisted flag of a red and white stripe superimposed with the head of a
575:
545:
1870:
352:
in the early 12th century. This suggests that even before the
Majapahit era, the red and white colours were already revered and used as the kingdom's banner in the
2408:
1810:
1202:
388:
602:
1840:
366:
Red and white textile colouring was available in ancient
Indonesia. White is the natural colour of woven cotton fabrics, while red is one of the earliest
1110:
destroying, tearing, trampling, burning, or performing other actions with the intention to tarnish, insult, or degrade the honour of the national flag;
560:
1409:
324:
mythology of the duality of Mother Earth (red) and Father Sky (white). This is why these colours appear in so many flags throughout
Austronesia, from
2610:
1593:
1175:
2398:
1375:
1122:
using the national flag to cover a ceiling or roof, or for wrapping or covering goods in a way that can degrade the honor of the national flag.
2547:
1236:
2418:
1431:
966:, government and private office buildings, border posts and outer islands in the territory of Indonesia, and the National Heroes Cemetery.
877:
The flag is described in
Article 35, Chapter XV, of the Constitution of Indonesia; Law No. 24/2009; and Government Regulation No. 40/1958.
249:
1904:
209:
with two horizontal bands, red (top) and white (bottom) with an overall ratio of 2:3. It was introduced and hoisted in public during the
3254:
2349:
2268:
916:
at house, building or office, schools, colleges, public and private transport and the representative office of
Indonesia in overseas.
3259:
2620:
1050:
in 1998, this tradition was stopped. However, the tradition of half-masting the flag on this day has been restarted in recent years.
442:
In the early 20th century, these colours were revived by students and then nationalists as an expression of nationalism against the
3227:
2804:
1650:
1060:
1466:
1318:"Natural Dye Extraction From Teak Leves (Tectona Grandis) Using Ultrasound Assisted Extraction Method for Dyeing on Cotton Fabric"
1119:
printing on, embroidering or adding letters, numbers, images or other signs, or adding badges or any objects to the national flag;
2500:
2478:
2217:
1157:
1000:
909:
298:
210:
1685:
1269:
3322:
2706:
1707:
908:, but in certain circumstances, it can be done at night. In daily use, the flag should be flown at every commemoration such as
2552:
2428:
2403:
1564:
1499:
590:
1942:
1079:
932:
1874:
3170:
2779:
2505:
2362:
2278:
1106:
Article 24 of Law No. 24/2009 on Flags, Language, National
Symbols, and Anthems, states that people are prohibited from:
2388:
1230:"Tradisi TNI Angkatan Laut: Pewarisan Nilai-Nilai Luhur dalam Membangun Semangat Juang dan Karakter Prajurit Matra Laut"
2883:
1750:
1747:
Undang-undang
Republik Indonesia Nomor 24 Tahun 2009 Tentang Bendera, Bahasa, dan Lambang Negara, serta Lagu Kebangsaan
1087:
940:
1344:"Extraction, Characterization and Application of Natural Dyes from the Fresh Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) Peel"
3342:
3285:
3124:
3107:
2696:
2522:
1627:
1206:
2977:
2888:
2754:
2674:
2517:
2192:
974:
948:
2715:
2542:
1526:
1071:
924:
535:, tore off the blue strip and re-hoisted it as an Indonesian flag. The hotel was subsequently renamed briefly as
2932:
2840:
2647:
2579:
2423:
2378:
2342:
2237:
520:
257:
3085:
3072:
2917:
2818:
2774:
2473:
2448:
2433:
981:
3332:
3280:
3220:
3090:
2982:
2667:
2532:
2393:
1915:
1530:
1401:
994:
403:
of 1873–1904, Aceh warriors used a battle flag with the image of a sword, star and crescent, sun, and some
320:. However, it has been suggested that the red and white symbolism can trace its origin to the older common
1586:
3327:
2789:
2574:
2488:
2438:
1075:
928:
353:
3264:
3194:
3117:
3020:
2967:
2764:
2701:
2537:
2512:
1172:
1152:
952:
913:
861:
218:
3144:
3037:
3007:
2873:
2850:
2652:
2637:
2605:
2495:
2335:
2027:
1764:
1746:
893:
619:
1379:
176:
3062:
2997:
2784:
2749:
2273:
1959:
1935:
693:
Red is the symbol of courage, White is the symbol of purity. Our flag has been there for 600 years.
551:
325:
1811:"Mencermati UU No 24 Tahun 2009 tentang Bendera, Bahasa, dan Lambang Negara serta Lagu Kebangsaan"
1653:[Why is Indonesia's Flad Red and White? Soekarno's Answers] (in Indonesian). Merdeka.com.
1229:
289:
3337:
3213:
3134:
3030:
2952:
2947:
2662:
2232:
2137:
1768:
853:
566:
528:
505:
471:
463:
443:
79:
1435:
3042:
3015:
2962:
2799:
2711:
2642:
2625:
2615:
2461:
1067:
1014:
920:
475:
458:
facing away from the hoist. The modern red and white flag sans banteng head was first flown in
451:
84:
3240:
3100:
3095:
3052:
3047:
2942:
2937:
2830:
2759:
2593:
2443:
2383:
2242:
1162:
1047:
1039:
495:
169:
66:
407:
script in white on a red background. The red and white flag of the Buginese Bone kingdom in
281:. This empire, renowned for its great maritime strength, flew similar jacks on its vessels.
3163:
3129:
2992:
2865:
2855:
2794:
2737:
2690:
2684:
2632:
2569:
2527:
2483:
2370:
2187:
2152:
2107:
1235:. Dinas Perawatan Personel Angkatan Laut (in Indonesian). Indonesian Navy. pp. 76–79.
1083:
988:
936:
467:
8:
3025:
2972:
2912:
2845:
2769:
2257:
2077:
2072:
1967:
1928:
963:
321:
3179:
3057:
2987:
2957:
2927:
2922:
2907:
2878:
2835:
2562:
2557:
2197:
2172:
2087:
2067:
2017:
1987:
1977:
1783:
1505:
1458:
1091:
1054:
944:
728:
524:
387:
It was not only the Javanese kingdoms that used red and white. The battle flag of King
329:
161:
1765:
Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 40 Tahun 1958 tentang Bendera Kebangsaan Republik Indonesia
650:'s house after he proclaimed Indonesia's independence on 17 August 1945. The original
3189:
2722:
2413:
2312:
2283:
2162:
2157:
1677:
1509:
1495:
1489:
1317:
1261:
233:
1342:
Kusumawati, Nita; Santoso, Agus Budi; Sianita, Maria Monica; Muslim, Supari (2017).
348:
troops from Gelang-Gelang hoisted the red and white banner during their invasion of
3205:
3184:
2657:
2227:
2177:
2132:
2112:
2102:
2002:
1355:
1144:
814:
801:
376:
278:
1556:
305:
3303:
2202:
2117:
2097:
1982:
1972:
1348:
International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology
1179:
1043:
758:
745:
532:
509:
241:
228:, with a slight difference in the shade of red, and ratio of its dimensions. The
206:
144:
75:
1715:
213:
on 17 August 1945 at 56 Proklamasi Street (formerly Pegangsaan Timur Street) in
3080:
2902:
2247:
2182:
2147:
2082:
2062:
2052:
2012:
1997:
1992:
834:
659:
643:
483:
408:
294:
229:
225:
1619:
1360:
1343:
3316:
3236:
2306:
2288:
2207:
2167:
2142:
2122:
2057:
2032:
2022:
2007:
1951:
1116:
flying the national flag if it is damaged, torn, smudged, crumpled, or faded;
673:
581:
198:
71:
1841:"Flag Ceremony Commemorating The Day of The Power of Pancasila Year 2017 UB"
446:. A precursor design was first seen on the cover of a Dutch magazine titled
2127:
2092:
2047:
2042:
1007:
677:
392:
1291:
221:
on 27 December 1949. The design of the flag has remained unchanged since.
3139:
2316:
1167:
956:
842:
430:
367:
345:
2894:
1791:
846:
786:
773:
420:
381:
349:
1534:
849:
personnel raising the flag of Indonesia at Independence Day every year
419:
Badung (Puri Pamecutan) royal banner is red, white, and black. Prince
2358:
2327:
1911:
1873:. Government of West Java Province. 12 September 2019. Archived from
1027:
698:
655:
341:
317:
310:
245:
202:
104:
969:
The flag should be displayed everywhere on special days, which are:
713:
29:
1782:
1031:
513:
424:
400:
316:
The flag's colours are derived from the banner of the 13th century
1491:
In het land van de Overheerser: Indonesiërs in Nederland 1600-1950
608:
Practice flag used for national flag replacement during rehearsals
2678:
1708:"Konstitusi, Lambang Negara, Bendera, Lagu Kebangsaan dan Bahasa"
1097:
Other mourning days established by national or local governments.
901:
686:
647:
508:
was torn off to make an Indonesian flag at the Hotel Yamato (now
455:
404:
252:
214:
1920:
1205:. Embassy of Indonesia, Oslo, Norway. 1 May 2007. Archived from
900:
The raising of the flag should be conducted in the time between
1899:
905:
479:
1488:
Poeze, Harry A.; Van Dijk, Cees; Van Der Meulen, Inge (1986).
1341:
500:
240:
The "Naval Jack of Indonesia" is reserved for sole use by the
866:
1651:"Kenapa bendera Indonesia Merah-Putih? Ini jawaban Soekarno"
959:
who made contributions to their nation as a badge of honor.
1487:
459:
416:
371:
962:
The flag must be displayed everyday in places such as the
697:
The colours are the same as those used in the flag of the
340:(a long flag on a curved bamboo pole) can be found in the
630:('Red-and-White Flag'). Occasionally, it is also called
1113:
using the national flag for billboards or commercials;
519:
The flag featured in a well-known incident during the
881:
The national flag of Indonesia is the Red and White (
680:
life; together they stand for a complete human being.
584:
used 8 March 1942 – 17 August 1945 (3 years 5 months)
3235:
1134:
224:
The flag of Indonesia is graphically similar to the
527:in late 1945, Indonesian youths removed a colonial
1785:The 1945 Constitution of The Republic of Indonesia
1648:
1053:12 October, in remembrance of the victims of the
3314:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1733:
882:
395:lands bore an image of white twin swords called
54:
47:
40:
919:It can be used as the cover of the coffin of a
872:
596:Flag of Indonesia used 17 August 1945 – present
486:, filed a complaint which was largely ignored.
434:Perhimpoenan Indonesia's banteng flag from the
1805:
1803:
1801:
1292:"Earth Mothers and Sky Fathers of Austronesia"
1059:26 December, in remembrance of victims of the
865:Flag of Indonesia usage on Cultural Parade at
3221:
2343:
1936:
1730:
857:Flag of Indonesia placed at front of the hill
1767:(Government Regulation 40) (in Indonesian).
1521:
1519:
423:also used a red and white banner during the
332:. The earliest records of the red and white
1798:
658:and was hoisted every year in front of the
262:
3228:
3214:
2350:
2336:
1943:
1929:
1088:Speaker of People's Representative Council
941:Speaker of People's Representative Council
1714:. Government of Indonesia. Archived from
1516:
1456:
1359:
1228:Moelyono, Setiyo, ed. (29 January 2020).
462:in 1928, it was quickly prohibited under
344:chronicle; according to this source, the
1557:"What are the rules for national flags?"
1227:
1061:2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami
860:
852:
841:
833:
499:
489:
429:
304:
288:
1197:
1195:
1158:Flags of the United States of Indonesia
646:is the flag that was flown in front of
642:('Heirloom Flag') and its replica. The
299:Proclamation of Indonesian Independence
3315:
2357:
1871:"Governor Instructs Half-Flag Raising"
1688:from the original on 16 September 2021
1469:from the original on 23 September 2015
1272:from the original on 16 September 2021
569:used 1 January 1800 – 27 December 1949
3209:
2331:
1924:
1851:from the original on 10 November 2021
1821:from the original on 20 December 2016
1675:
1649:Ramadhian Fadillah (17 August 2016).
1567:from the original on 18 November 2022
1203:"National Flag, Coat of Arms, Anthem"
951:, and persons who are members of the
838:Hanging version of the Indonesia flag
638:refers to the historical flag called
399:against a red background. During the
277:. The naval jack dates to the age of
1630:from the original on 4 February 2012
1432:"PANYINGKUL! Jurnalisme Orang Biasa"
1192:
1038:30 September, in remembrance of the
552:Flag of the Dutch East India Company
504:A moment after the blue stripe of a
466:. It became the flag adopted by the
1412:from the original on 9 January 2020
914:citizens who have a right to use it
622:, the official name of the flag is
554:used 20 March 1602 – 1 January 1800
13:
2409:French and British era (1806–1816)
1684:. Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
1676:Smith, Whitney (9 February 2001).
1617:
1533:. 6 September 2006. Archived from
1378:. 17 November 2009. Archived from
1242:from the original on 28 April 2021
1101:
14:
3354:
1950:
1893:
1657:from the original on 20 June 2020
1599:from the original on 4 April 2017
1173:Flag of Indonesia size guidelines
3297:
2311:
2302:
2301:
1898:
1587:"Hotel Majapahit: Brief History"
1434:. 25 August 2011. Archived from
1137:
1026:The flag should be displayed at
912:on 17 August every year, by the
727:
712:
601:
589:
574:
559:
544:
539:, meaning "independence hotel".
523:when during the lead-up to the
219:formally transferred sovereignty
175:
160:
83:
78:
28:
2429:Liberal democracy era (1950–59)
1863:
1833:
1775:
1757:
1751:People's Representative Council
1700:
1669:
1642:
1611:
1579:
1549:
1481:
1450:
618:According to Article 35 of the
2697:People's Consultative Assembly
2269:British Indian Ocean Territory
1424:
1394:
1368:
1335:
1310:
1284:
1254:
1221:
1066:Three days after the death of
626:. The flag is commonly called
521:Indonesian War of Independence
109:28 October 1928 (standardized)
1:
3323:National symbols of Indonesia
2439:Transitional period (1965–66)
2424:National Revolution (1945–49)
2419:Japanese occupation (1942–45)
2414:Dutch East Indies (1800–1942)
1402:"Sejarah Bendera Merah Putih"
1185:
567:Flag of the Dutch East Indies
357:
1021:
987:1 June: Day of the Birth of
873:Regulation and flag protocol
666:
211:proclamation of independence
7:
2805:Water supply and sanitation
1130:
955:who died in service, or an
910:Indonesian Independence Day
217:, and again when the Dutch
10:
3359:
2434:Guided Democracy (1959–65)
2399:Portuguese era (1512–1605)
1905:National flag of Indonesia
1749:(Law 24) (in Indonesian).
1153:List of flags of Indonesia
1001:Indonesia Independence Day
953:Indonesian National Police
704:
493:
284:
3294:
3273:
3247:
3157:
3071:
3006:
2864:
2826:
2817:
2745:
2736:
2601:
2592:
2548:Provincial highest points
2469:
2460:
2369:
2297:
2256:
2216:
1958:
1494:. Brill. pp. 177–8.
1361:10.18517/ijaseit.7.3.1014
894:Constitution of Indonesia
191:
183:
168:
159:
155:
151:
139:
99:
91:
65:
36:
27:
23:
3343:Flags introduced in 1945
2606:Administrative divisions
2018:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
1406:Suryantara.wordpress.com
892:Article 35, Chapter XV,
829:
2279:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
1769:Government of Indonesia
1178:15 October 2022 at the
949:Indonesian Armed Forces
613:
374:leaves, the flowers of
370:, acquired either from
3274:National coats of arms
2780:Science and technology
2621:Regencies & Cities
1080:former Vice Presidents
982:National Awakening Day
975:National Education Day
933:former Vice Presidents
898:
883:
869:
858:
850:
839:
695:
582:Flag of Imperial Japan
516:
452:Perhimpoenan Indonesia
439:
313:
302:
272:The Heirloom Red-White
126:; 74 years ago
113:; 79 years ago
55:
48:
41:
3286:Dependent territories
3260:Dependent territories
2389:Hinduism-Buddhism era
1907:at Wikimedia Commons
1510:10.1163/j.ctvbqs5hn.8
1163:Armorial of Indonesia
1040:30 September Movement
879:
864:
856:
845:
837:
691:
636:Sang Saka Merah-Putih
624:Sang Saka Merah-Putih
503:
496:Hotel Yamato Incident
490:Hotel Yamato incident
436:Gedenkboek: 1908-1923
433:
308:
292:
258:Sang Saka Merah Putih
42:Sang Saka Merah-Putih
19:Republic of Indonesia
2523:Environmental issues
2193:United Arab Emirates
476:European colonialism
468:Kesatuan Melayu Muda
448:Gedenkboek 1908-1923
389:Si Singamangaraja IX
244:. It flies from the
3333:Red and white flags
3304:Heraldry portal
2444:New Order (1966–98)
2404:VOC era (1603–1800)
2220:limited recognition
1877:on 10 November 2021
1678:"Flag of Indonesia"
1408:. 30 October 2007.
1382:on 17 November 2009
1262:"Flag of Indonesia"
1046:and the end of the
964:Presidential Palace
628:Bendera Merah-Putih
124:17 August 1950
111:17 August 1945
49:Bendera Merah-Putih
20:
3328:Flags of Indonesia
2790:Telecommunications
2501:Biosphere reserves
1916:Flags of the World
1847:. 2 October 2017.
1817:. 12 August 2009.
1624:Worldstatesmen.org
1531:Flags of the World
1209:on 19 October 2007
1092:Head of Government
1084:Members of Cabinet
1055:2002 Bali Bombings
957:Indonesian citizen
945:Head of Government
937:Members of Cabinet
870:
859:
851:
840:
634:('The Bicolour').
525:Battle of Surabaya
517:
440:
314:
303:
297:moment during the
103:11 November 1293 (
18:
3310:
3309:
3203:
3202:
3153:
3152:
2841:Human trafficking
2813:
2812:
2732:
2731:
2723:Wawasan Nusantara
2707:Political parties
2648:Foreign relations
2588:
2587:
2325:
2324:
2262:other territories
1903:Media related to
1718:on 14 August 2020
1501:978-90-04-28731-0
1438:on 25 August 2011
1072:former Presidents
947:, members of the
925:former Presidents
827:
826:
620:1945 Constitution
472:Malay nationalism
380:, or the skin of
301:on 17 August 1945
234:flag of Singapore
195:
194:
174:Physical version
3350:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3281:Sovereign states
3255:Sovereign states
3230:
3223:
3216:
3207:
3206:
3173:
3166:
2824:
2823:
2743:
2742:
2685:National capital
2599:
2598:
2467:
2466:
2352:
2345:
2338:
2329:
2328:
2315:
2305:
2304:
2274:Christmas Island
1960:Sovereign states
1945:
1938:
1931:
1922:
1921:
1902:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1867:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1807:
1796:
1795:
1789:
1779:
1773:
1772:
1761:
1755:
1754:
1743:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1704:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1646:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1598:
1591:
1583:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1523:
1514:
1513:
1485:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1463:Fahnenversand.de
1454:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1428:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1372:
1366:
1365:
1363:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1314:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1303:
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1537:on 2 April 2010
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470:to symbolise
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2653:Human rights
2638:Constitution
2496:Conservation
2452:(since 1998)
2449:
2258:Dependencies
2188:Turkmenistan
2153:Saudi Arabia
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1376:"Kompas.Com"
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2668:Enforcement
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1968:Afghanistan
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1855:10 November
1825:11 February
1620:"Indonesia"
1571:13 November
1541:26 December
1527:"Indonesia"
1416:11 February
1327:28 February
1302:1 September
1246:22 February
1168:Umbul-umbul
823:0, 0, 0, 0
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2943:Literature
2895:Rumah adat
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2198:Uzbekistan
2173:Tajikistan
2088:Kyrgyzstan
2068:Kazakhstan
1988:Bangladesh
1978:Azerbaijan
1792:Wikisource
1354:(3): 878.
1276:9 November
1266:Britannica
1186:References
1015:Heroes Day
847:Paskibraka
810:0, 0, 0, 0
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494:See also:
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421:Diponegoro
411:is called
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330:Madagascar
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135:(official)
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122:(original)
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3016:Education
2963:Mythology
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2163:Sri Lanka
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2038:Indonesia
1912:Indonesia
1692:19 August
1634:9 January
1442:9 January
1386:9 January
1068:President
1048:New Order
1028:half-mast
1022:Half-mast
996:17 August
989:Pancasila
921:President
764:237-28-36
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342:Pararaton
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2307:Category
2228:Abkhazia
2178:Thailand
2133:Pakistan
2113:Mongolia
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2103:Malaysia
2003:Cambodia
1849:Archived
1845:ub.ac.id
1819:Archived
1722:8 August
1686:Archived
1655:Archived
1628:Archived
1594:Archived
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980:20 May:
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417:Balinese
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2993:Theatre
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2918:Costume
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2866:Culture
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2118:Myanmar
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1753:. 2009.
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1603:4 April
1213:22 June
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782:#FFFFFF
779:#FF0000
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648:Sukarno
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253:warship
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2208:Yemen
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1597:(PDF)
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1857:2021
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1694:2019
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1475:2012
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1329:2019
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