Majapahit - Knowledge

7506: 7451: 7239: 3523: 4124: 2117: 7437: 7423: 4651: 10306: 4640: 4561: 6219: 7274: 7495: 3691: 4552: 7207: 4631: 3451: 2836: 4660: 7262: 7103:. Early cetbang (also called eastern-style cetbang) resembled Chinese cannons and hand cannons. Eastern-style cetbangs were mostly made of bronze and were front-loaded cannons. It fires arrow-like projectiles, but round bullets and co-viative projectiles can also be used. These arrows can be solid-tipped without explosives, or with explosives and incendiary materials placed behind the tip. Near the rear, there is a combustion chamber or room, which refers to the bulging part near the rear of the gun, where the gunpowder is placed. The cetbang is mounted on a fixed mount, or as a hand cannon mounted on the end of a pole. There is a tube-like section on the back of the cannon. In the hand cannon-type cetbang, this tube is used as a socket for a pole. 7191: 3415: 2525:. According to the Babad Arya Tabanan manuscript, in 1342 Majapahit forces led by Gajah Mada, assisted by his general Arya Damar, the regent of Palembang, landed in Bali. After seven months of battles, Majapahit forces defeated the Balinese king and captured the Balinese capital of Bedulu in 1343. After the conquest of Bali, Majapahit distributed the governing authority of Bali among Arya Damar's younger brothers, Arya Kenceng, Arya Kutawandira, Arya Sentong, and Arya Belog. Arya Kenceng led his brothers to govern Bali under Majapahit suzerainty, and he would become the progenitor of the Balinese kings of the Tabanan and Badung royal houses. Through this campaign, Majapahit planted a vassal dynasty that would rule the 7822: 3679: 7944:. The rise of Malacca in the 15th century, in particular, is important, because it represents Majapahit eventual failure to control Malacca strait. Previously Majapahit tried to contain the rise of a potential regional rival; a Malay polity in par with Srivijaya, by punishing a rebellion in Palembang and capturing Singapura. In this sense, Malacca was indeed the rival of Majapahit in the competition to dominate the archipelagic realm. Despite this perceived rivalry, in practice, however, the two kingdoms had some close and intense economic and cultural relations. At that time, the trade link between Majapahit ports of Hujung Galuh and Tuban with the port of Melaka must have thrived. 3431: 3821:...tall and handsome, lavishly adorned, and they have richly caparisoned horses. They use krises, swords, and lances of many kinds, all inlaid with gold. They are great hunters and horsemen—the horse had stirrups all inlaid with gold and inlaid saddles, which are not to be found anywhere else in the world. The Javanese lords are so noble and exalted that there is no nation to compare with them over a wide area in these parts. They have their head shorn—half tonsured—as a mark of beauty, and they always run their hands over their hair from the forehead upwards unlike what European did. The lords of Java are revered like gods, with great respect and deep reverence. 8022: 4832: 6639:" model. The term mandala derived from Sanskrit "circle" to explain the typical ancient Southeast Asian polity that was defined by its centre rather than its boundaries, and it could be composed of numerous other tributary polities without undergoing administrative integration. The territories belongs within Majapahit Mandala sphere of influence were those categorised as Mancanegara and Nusantara. These areas usually have their indigenous rulers, enjoy substantial autonomy and have their political institution intact without further integration into Majapahit administration. The same mandala model also applied to previous empires; 7875:

its power overseas. Majapahit's confidence for dominance was stemmed for their economic and demographic comparative advantage; agrarian as well as a maritime nation; their large rice production, immense human resources, well-organized society, also their mastery in shipbuilding, navigation and military technology; are excellent relatively compared to their neighbours. These strengths were used by Gajah Mada to expand the kingdom's influence and building a maritime empire. This rather imperialistic outlook has projected in the way he forcefully dealt with Majapahit's neighbours; the Pabali (conquest of Bali, 1342–1343) and the

3647: 3395: 1837: 3667: 7948: 5221: 7486: 7515: 4478: 2384: 7219: 7038: 2714:. The Sundanese took this proposal as an alliance agreement. In 1357 the Sunda king and his royal family came to Majapahit to accompany and marry his daughter to Hayam Wuruk. However, Gajah Mada saw this event as an opportunity to demand Sunda's submission to Majapahit overlordship. The skirmish between the Sunda royal family and the Majapahit troops on Bubat square was inevitable. Despite courageous resistance, the royal family were overwhelmed and decimated. Almost the whole of the Sundanese royal party was killed. Tradition mentioned that the heartbroken princess committed 2244: 4348: 10424: 645: 10357: 7763:, the Clove Islands, the navigation of the Chinese and the Gores, with their rhumbs and direct routes followed by the ships, and the hinterland, and how the kingdoms border on each other. It seems to me. Sir, that this was the best thing I have ever seen, and Your Highness will be very pleased to see it; it had the names in Javanese writing, but I had with me a Javanese who could read and write. I send this piece to Your Highness, which Francisco Rodrigues traced from the other, in which Your Highness can truly see where the 5429: 3624:(Majapahit), where the king stay. There are about 200 or 300 foreign families resides in this place, with seven or eight leaders to serve the king. The climate is constantly hot, like summer. He describes the king's costumes; wearing a crown of gold leaves and flowers or sometimes without any headgear; bare-chested without wearing a robe, the bottom parts wears two sashes of embroidered silk. Additional silk rope is looped around the waist as a belt, and the belt is inserted with one or two short blades, called 76: 56: 4701: 10333:. The ancient links and Majapahit legacy is observable in many ways; architecture, literature, religious rituals, dance-drama and artforms. The aesthetics and style of bas-reliefs in Majapahit East Javanese temples were preserved and copied in Balinese temples. It is also because, after the fall of the empire, many Majapahit nobles, artisans and priests had taken refuge either in the interior mountainous region of East Java or across the narrow strait to Bali. Indeed, in some ways, the 6150:(dukes), the king's close relatives. These areas are directly influenced by Javanese Majapahit court culture and obliged to pay annual tributes. These areas usually possess their rulers that might be directly related, foster an alliance or intermarried with the Majapahit royal family. Majapahit stationed their officials and officers in these places and regulate their foreign trade activities and collect taxes, yet they enjoyed substantial internal autonomy. This includes the rest of 5117: 5060: 7049: 10090: 7887: 18958: 12421: 2304: 12699: 4031: 1635: 10130: 2750: 2476: 10048: 2549: 18968: 5210: 3279: 6097: 7736:(mapping science) was developed. In 1293 CE Raden Wijaya presented a map and census record to the Yuan Mongol invader, suggesting that mapmaking has been a formal part of governmental affairs in Java. The use of maps full of longitudinal and transverse lines, rhumb lines, and direct route lines traveled by ships were recorded by Europeans, to the point that the Portuguese considered the Javanese maps were the best map in the early 1500s. 2462:, the assassination was a stratagem crafted by Gajah Mada himself to rid the kingdom of an evil tyrant. Tradition mentions that the immoral, cruel and abusive king often seduced and abused women, even the wives of his own subordinates. Other possible reason includes to protect the two princesses — Gitarja and Rajadewi, the daughters of Gayatri Rajapatni from the king's cruelty. Since the slain king was childless, he left no successor. 10521: 5199: 10593: 12514:(1986, reprinted in 2003), a martial art-historical epic novel by Arswendo Atmowiloto. It takes place in the late Singhasari period and formation of Majapahit. This novel describes the sagas, royal intrigues, and romance of the formation of the kingdom as well as the adventure of the main character, a commoner named Upasara Wulung and his forbidden love affair with princess Gayatri Rajapatni, whom later becomes the consort of 4710: 2034: 6194:, areas which do not reflect Javanese culture, but are included as colonies and they had to pay an annual tribute. They had their native polity intact, enjoyed substantial autonomy and internal freedom, and Majapahit did not necessarily station their officials or military officers here; however, any challenges on Majapahit oversight might draw a severe response. These areas such as the vassal kingdoms and colonies in the 6602: 594: 4020: 3255:, but they came too late to save Kertabumi although they managed to repel the Ranawijaya army. This event is mentioned in Trailokyapuri (Jiyu) and Petak inscription, where Ranawijaya claimed that he already defeated Kertabhumi and reunited Majapahit as one Kingdom. Ranawijaya ruled from 1474 to 1498 with the formal name Girindrawardhana, with Udara as his vice-regent. This event led to the war between the 3552:

is on the inside plated all over with plates of gold, on which are sculptured knights all of gold, which have great golden circles round their heads, such as we give in these parts to the figures of saints. And these circles are all beset with precious stones. Moreover, the ceiling is all of pure gold, and to speak briefly, this palace is richer and finer than any existing at this day in the world.

4073: 4425: 2649: 17022: 16035: 15078: 10447:, built a historical construct around Majapahit to argue for the ancient unified realm, as a predecessor of modern Indonesia. The memory of its greatness remains in Indonesia and is sometimes seen as a precedent for the current political boundaries of the Republic. Many of modern Indonesian national symbols derived from Majapahit Hindu-Buddhist elements. The Indonesian national motto, " 10353:, were being well-kept in royal libraries of Bali and Lombok and provides the glimpse and valuable historical records on Majapahit. The Majapahit Hindu-Javanese culture has shaped the culture of Bali, that led to popular expression; "without Java, there is no Bali". Yet in return, Bali is credited as the last stronghold to safeguard and preserve the ancient Hindu Javanese civilisation. 2998: 6713:

is not sufficiently considered an empire in a traditional sense. However, if being an empire means the projection of military power at will, formal acknowledgement of overlordship by vassals, and the regular tribute delivery to the capital, then Java's relationship to the rest of archipelagic realm can well be considered an imperial one; thus Majapahit can be considered an empire.

5412:(Duke or Duchess) acted as regional kings, the rulers of Majapahit provinces. This council congregates, offers advice, considered the king, and often formed an assembly to judge a certain important case in the court. Example of their office was, their sentence to temporarily suspend Mahamantri Gajah Mada, as a punishment since he was held responsible for the shamefully disastrous 3046:

seas that time and were opposed to Chinese expansion into their sphere of influence. The Ming's support for Malacca and the spread of Islam propagated by both Malacca and Zheng He's treasure fleet has weakened Majapahit maritime influence in Sumatra, which caused the northern part of the island to increasingly converting to Islam and gained independence from Majapahit, leaving

3112: 16061:: "Setelah Betara Majapahit mendengar bunyi surat bendahari raja Singapura itu, maka baginda pun segera menyuruh berlengkap tiga ratus buah jong, lain daripada itu kelulus, pilang, jongkong, tiada terbilang lagi banyaknya; maka dua keti rakyat Jawa yang pergi itu; maka segala rakyat Jawa pun pergilah. Setelah datang ke Singapura, maka berparanglah dengan orang Singapura." 14840:: "Setelah Betara Majapahit mendengar bunyi surat bendahari raja Singapura itu, maka baginda pun segera menyuruh berlengkap tiga ratus buah jong, lain daripada itu kelulus, pilang, jongkong, tiada terbilang lagi banyaknya; maka dua keti rakyat Jawa yang pergi itu; maka segala rakyat Jawa pun pergilah. Setelah datang ke Singapura, maka berparanglah dengan orang Singapura." 4599:) laid as tiles. This description of the palace is very different than that of Odoric of Pordenone, who visited Majapahit in the previous century during the reign of Jayanegara (1309–1328). The reason of this was because Ma Huan likely stayed at a special area reserved for envoys, which was still 1.5 days' journey away from the real Majapahit palace. 3752:), and unrefined locals. The king held annual jousting tournaments. About the marriage rituals; the groom pays a visit to the house of the bride's family, the marriage union is consummated. Three days later, the groom escorts his bride back to his home, where the man's family beat drums and brass gongs, blowing pipes made from coconut shells ( 2536:

observed that the city had war junks for pirate raiding and collecting tolls and that elephants were employed for various purposes. He met the ruler of Mul Jawa and stayed as a guest for three days. Ibn Battuta said that the women of Java ride horses, understand archery, and fight like men. Ibn Battuta recorded a story about a country called

7115:. It resulted in a new type of cetbang, called "western-style cetbang". It can be mounted as a fixed or swivel gun, small-sized ones can be easily installed on small vessels. In naval combat, this gun is used as an anti-personnel weapon, not anti-ship. In this age, even to the 17th century, Nusantaran soldiers fought on a platform called 16888:

per 40 çornade, non-trouando mai altro che aiere e aqua, e per suo arbitrio iscorse 2000 mia e declinata la fortuna i fece suo retorno in çorni 70 fina al sopradito cauo de diab. E acostandose la naue a le riue per suo bisogno, i marinari uedeno uno ouo de uno oselo nominato chrocho, el qual ouo era de la grandeça de una bota d'anfora."

7971:. After the fall of Yuan, the Ming Emperor eager to project his power into Southeast Asia. On the other hand, Majapahit saw this archipelagic realm as theirs and unwelcome to any perceived Chinese interference. After Majapahit was weakened by Paregreg civil war, and incessant conflicts among its nobles, the arrival of the formidable 4897:"The fields of Java are rich and its soil is level and well watered, therefore grain and rice are abundant, twice as much as in other countries. The people do not steal, and what is dropped on the road is not taken up. The common saying: "prosperous Java" means this country. Men and women wrap up their head and wear long clothes." 2415:. The reign of Jayanegara was a difficult and chaotic one, troubled with several rebellions by his father's former companions in arms. Among others are Gajah Biru's rebellion in 1314 and the Kuti rebellion in 1319. The Kuti rebellion was the most dangerous one, as Kuti managed to take control of the capital city. With the help of 2432:

spoke strongly against the king's wishes. It was not clear what motivated Jayanegara's wish — it might have been his way to ensure his claim to the throne by preventing rivals from being his half-sisters' suitors, although in the later period of the Majapahit court the custom of marriage among cousins was quite common. In the

10192:. The tales of Panji was dated from the older period during Kediri kingdom, while the tale of Sri Tanjung and the epic of Damarwulan took place during the Majapahit period. These tales remained a popular theme in Javanese culture of later period during Mataram Sultanate, and often became the source of inspiration for 4622:, houses in Java are grand and handsome — they are decorated with gold and jade. The chronicle also noted that when Chinese merchants arrive there they are received as guests in a public building. This indicates that Ma Huan had not yet arrived at the center of Majapahit capital, and was only observing the outskirts. 2881:, southern Burma, and Vietnam, and even sent missions to China. Although the Majapahit rulers extended their power over other islands and destroyed neighbouring kingdoms, their focus seems to have been on controlling and gaining a larger share of the commercial trade that passed through the archipelago. 5523:(Bhatara of). This title is the highest position below the monarch and similar to duke or duchess. Usually, this position reserved for the close relatives of the king. They have to administer their provinces, collect taxes, send annual tributes to the capital, and manage the defences of their borders. 7987:

on the northern coast of Central Java. Ming support to Malacca, and Malacca active proselytizing of Islam, has led to the thriving and rise of Muslim traders community in the archipelago, including in Majapahit ports on the north coast of Java. This in turn gradually corroded the prestige of Javanese

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During the reign of Majapahit's first two monarch — Wijaya and Jayanegara, the kingdom struggled to consolidate its rule, plagued by several rebellions. However, it was not until the reign of its third monarch — Queen Tribhuwana Tunggadewi, and her son, Hayam Wuruk — that the kingdom began to project

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expedition (1275–1293) to incorporate Malay polities in Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula within Javanese sphere of influence. Previously, Singhasari seeks to dominate trade route, especially Malacca strait, and also saw the outreach of Mongolian-Chinese Yuan influence into Southeast Asia as the threat

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near Kediri. Jabung temple was mentioned in Nagarakretagama as Bajrajinaparamitapura, despite some parts of its roof and pinnacles are now missing, it is one of the most well-preserved Majapahit temple architecture. Another example includes Gunung Gangsir temple near Pasuruan. Some of the temples are

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The king of this island hath a palace which is truly marvellous. For it is very great, and hath very great staircases, broad and lofty, and the steps thereof are of gold and silver alternately. Likewise the pavement of the palace hath one tile of gold and the other of silver, and the wall of the same

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began entering the area. The Troloyo/Tralaya tomb, a remnant of Islamic cemetery compound was discovered within the Trowulan area, the royal capital of Majapahit. Experts suggest that the cemetery was used between 1368 and 1611 AD, which means Muslim traders had resided in the capital as early as the

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did several centuries earlier. Learning this diplomatic manoeuvre, immediately King Hayam Wuruk sent an envoy to Nanking, convinced the emperor that Malayu was their vassal, and was not an independent country. Subsequently, in 1377, a few years after the death of Gajah Mada, Majapahit sent a punitive

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means bitter). When the Yuan army sent by Kublai Khan arrived, Wijaya allied himself with the army to fight against Jayakatwang. Once Jayakatwang was destroyed, Raden Wijaya forced his allies to withdraw from Java by launching a surprise attack. The Yuan army had to withdraw in confusion as they were

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During the Majapahit era, almost all of the commodities from Asia were found in Java. This is because of extensive shipping by the Majapahit empire using various type of ships, particularly the jong, for trading to faraway places. Ma Huan (Zheng He's translator) who visited Java in 1413, stated that

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in November 2008. Indonesian Ancient Relics Conservation Bureau (BP3) of East Java verified that those coins dated as early as Majapahit era. The reason for using the foreign currency is not given in any source, but most scholars assume it was due to the increasing complexity of Javanese economy and

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discovered in Central Java shows that ancient Javan gold coins were seed-shaped, similar to corn, while the silver coins were similar to buttons. In about the year 1300, in the reign of Majapahit's first king, an important change took place: the indigenous coinage was completely replaced by imported

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The Majapahit temple architecture follows the east Javanese styles, in contrast to earlier central Javanese style. This east Javanese temple style is also dated back from Kediri period c. 11th century. The shapes of Majapahit temples tend to be slender and tall, with a roof constructed from multiple

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In the neighbourhood of that realm (Sumatra) is a great island, Java by name, which hath a compass of a good three thousand miles. And the king of it hath subject to himself seven crowned kings. Now this island is populous exceedingly, and is the second best of all islands that exist. For in it grow

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Previously, Majapahit had succeeded in asserting its influence in Malacca strait by containing the aspiration of Malay polities in Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula to ever reach the geopolitical might like those of Srivijaya. The Hindu Majapahit was the most powerful maritime power in Southeast Asian

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According to tradition, Wijaya's son and successor, Jayanegara, was notorious for his immorality. One of his distasteful acts was his desire to take his half-sisters, Gitarja and Rajadewi, as wives. Since Javanese tradition abhorred the practice of half-siblings marrying, the council of royal elders

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The Majapahit dynasty is described in royal inscriptions such as Kudadu (issued in 1294), Sukhamerta (1296), Tuhanyaru (1323), Gajah Mada (1351), Waringin Pitu (1447) and Trailokyapuri (1486). These sources help us to clarify the family relationships and chronologies of the Majapahit rulers, as well

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would be built on the site and completed as early as 2009, to prevent further damage caused by home-made brick industries that developed in the surrounding area. Nevertheless, the project leaves a huge attention to some historians, since constructing the park's foundation in Segaran site located in

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or not is actually depends on the definition of the word and concept of "empire" itself. Majapahit did not performed direct administration of its overseas possessions, they did not maintain permanent military occupation, and did not imposes its political and cultural norms over a wide area; thus it

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took shape of typical Majapahit temple structure — consists of three parts; foot, body and tall roof — evenly split into two mirroring structures to make a passage in the centre for people to walk through. This type of split gate has no doors and provides no real defensive purpose but narrowing the

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Odoric described the palace in more detail: The palace was described as being richer and finer than any existing palace at that time in the world. It had grand, broad, and lofty staircases; which the steps alternately made of gold and silver. The pavement of the palace was made alternately with one

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Patih Baras, Patih Basi, Patih Luhu, dan Patih Dulu, and bodyguards Sang Panimba Segara, Sang Pembelah Batung, Sang Jampang Sasak, and Sang Pengeruntung 'Garuntung' Manau. Multiple battles happened with the first battle in April 1358; killed Majapahit soldiers were burned in Tambak Wasi. Nansarunai

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supernatural means by which the future can be determined. Most scholars do not accept this view, as the historical record corresponds in part with Chinese materials that could not have had similar intention. The references to rulers and details of the state structure show no sign of being invented.

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Text from Fra Mauro map, 10-A13, original Italian: "Circa hi ani del Signor 1420 una naue ouer çoncho de india discorse per una trauersa per el mar de india a la uia de le isole de hi homeni e de le done de fuora dal cauo de diab e tra le isole uerde e le oscuritade a la uia de ponente e de garbin

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dagger in Southeast Asia; from Java, Bali, Sumatra, Malaysia, Brunei to Southern Thailand. Although it has been suggested that the keris, and native daggers similar to it, predate Majapahit, nevertheless the empire expansion contributed to its popularity and diffusion in the region around the year

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in the region had mentioned about the Majapahit kingdom. Other than Javanese sources, some regional legends mentioning Majapahit kingdom or its general Gajah Mada also can be found; from Aceh, Minangkabau, Palembang, the Malay Peninsula, Sunda, Brunei, Bali to Sumbawa. Most of them mentioned about

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kingdoms has shaped the dynamics of geopolitics in the region. Their activities in guarding the sea in pursuit of their economic interest, plus their military activities to safeguard this interests, has led to conflicts between Malays and Javanese. Since early of its formation, Majapahit inherited

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mentioned early Javanese horse lore and horsemanship. The manuscript may reflect the conflict (allegorically) between the newly formed Javanese cavalry and the well-established elite infantry of Javanese armies. In the 14th century CE, Java became an important horse breeder and the island was even

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are used for transporting soldiers to the battlefield and were "parked" before the battle. Some chariots were indeed used in battle, for example, the prime minister Nambi rode a chariot and served as an archer in the Rangga Lawe rebellion (1295 CE). Gajah Mada also rode in a chariot when attacking

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by Tomé Pires written in 1515 records that Java (Majapahit) ruled as far as the Moluccas on the east side and most of the west side of the archipelago; and almost the whole island of Sumatra was under its control and also controlled all the islands known to the Javanese. Majapahit ruled over these

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Nevertheless, the Javanese overseas prestige and influence during the lifetime of Hayam Wuruk was undoubtedly considerable. Majapahit fleets must have periodically visited many places in the archipelago to acquire formal submission, or the splendour of Majapahit court might have attracted regional

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During his daily administration, the king is assisted by bureaucratic state officials that also included the close relatives of the kings that hold certain esteemed titles. The royal order or edict usually transmitted from the king to the high officials well to their subordinates. The officials in

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Chinese coins were thin rounded copper coins with a square hole in the centre of it. The hole was meant to tie together the money in a string of coins. These small changes—the imported Chinese copper coins—enabled Majapahit further invention, a method of savings by using a slitted earthenware coin

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pose. The stiffer pose of Majapahit gods statues is probably in accordance with the statue's function as the deified portrayal self of the dead Majapahit monarch. The carving, however, is richly decorated, especially with a fine floral carving of lotus plants carved on the stela behind the statue.

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and a display of geopolitical reach. The Chinese Ming dynasty had recently overthrown the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty, and was eager to establish their hegemony in the world, which changed the geopolitical balance in Asia. The Chinese intervened in the politics of the southern seas by supporting Thais

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from 1811 to 1816. He reported the existence of "ruins of temples... scattered about the country for many miles", and referred to Trowulan as "this pride of Java". Aerial and satellite imagery has revealed an extensive network of canals crisscrossing the Majapahit capital. Findings from April 2011

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influenced the art and architecture of Majapahit. Majapahit art was the continuation of East Javanese art, style and aesthetically developed since the 11th century during the Kediri and Singhasari period. Unlike the earlier naturalistic, relaxed and flowing figures of classical Central Java-style

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With the fall of Majapahit, crushed by Demak in 1527, the Muslim emerging forces finally defeated the remnants of the Majapahit kingdom in the early 16th century; and with the fall of Majapahit, a large number of courtiers, artisans, priests, and members of the royalty moved east to the island of

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in his travels between 1332 and 1347 visited a place called "Mul Jawa" (island of Java or Majapahit Java, as opposed to "al-Jawa" which refers to Sumatra). The empire spanned 2 months of travel and ruled over the country of Qaqula and Qamara. He arrived at the walled city named Qaqula/Kakula, and

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palace guard, Jayanegara barely escaped from the capital and safely hid in Badander village. While the king was in hiding, Gajah Mada returned to the capital city to assess the situation. After learning that Kuti's rebellion was not supported by the people or nobles of Majapahit court, Gajah Mada

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Majapahit was one of the last major Hindu-Buddhist empires of the region and is considered to be one of the greatest and most powerful empires in the history of Indonesia and Southeast Asia. It is sometimes seen as the precedent for Indonesia's modern boundaries. Its influence extended beyond the

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Terracotta money boxes also have been found in different shapes, such as tubular or boxes, with slits to slip coins. Another important terracotta artefact is the head figurine of a man popularly thought to be the depiction of Gajah Mada, although it is not certain about who was depicted in these

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The statues of Hindu gods and Buddhist deities in Majapahit art were also the continuations of its previous Singhasari art. The statues of East Javanese period tends to be a stiffer and frontal-formal pose, compared to the statues of Central Javanese art (c. 9th century) that are more Indianized

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In this record, Ma Huan also describes a musical troupe travelling during full moon nights. Numbers of people holding shoulders creating an unbroken line while singing and chanting in unison, while the families whose houses being visited would give them copper coins or gifts. He also describes a

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The Suma oriental of Tomé Pires : an account of the East, from the Red Sea to Japan, written in Malacca and India in 1512-1515 ; and, the book of Francisco Rodrigues, rutter of a voyage in the Red Sea, nautical rules, almanack and maps, written and drawn in the East before 1515 volume

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Maka kaluar dangan parhiasannya orang barbaju-rantai ampat puluh sarta padangnya barkupiah taranggos sakhlat merah, orang mambawa astenggar ampat puluh, orang mambawa parisai sarta padangnya ampat puluh, orang mambawa dadap sarta sodoknya sapuluh, orang mambawa panah sarta anaknya sapuluh, yang

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taken up from peasants. The main weapon used was the spear. Initially, cavalry only existed in limited numbers. They were mainly used for scouting and patrol, and were most likely armed with lances. After the Mongol invasion, the use of horses became more widespread in Java, especially for war.

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Demak came under the leadership of Raden (later crowned as Sultan) Patah, who was acknowledged as the legitimate successor of Majapahit. According to Babad Tanah Jawi and Demak tradition, the source of Patah's legitimacy was because their first sultan, Raden Patah, was the son of Majapahit king

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come from, and the course your ships must take to the Clove Islands, and where the gold mines lie, and the islands of Java and Banda, of nutmeg and mace, and the land of the King of Siam, and also the end of the land of the navigation of the Chinese, the direction it takes, and how they do not

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set the conspiracy to overthrow all of his rivals in the court, led them to revolt against the king, while he gained king's favour and attained the highest position in the government. However, following the death of the last rebel Kuti, Halayudha's treachery was exposed, subsequently, he was

2347:, which equates to 10 November 1293. During his coronation he was given the formal name Kertarajasa Jayawardhana. King Kertarajasa took all four daughters of Kertanegara as his wives, his first wife and prime queen consort Tribhuwaneswari, and her sisters: Prajnaparamita, Narendraduhita, and 6110:, or the Grand State, the core kingdom. The traditional or initial area of Majapahit during its formation before entering the imperial phase. This includes the capital city and the surrounding areas where the king effectively exercises his government. The area in and around royal capital of 5124:

Some idea of the scale of the internal economy can be gathered from scattered data in inscriptions. The Canggu inscriptions dated 1358 mentions 78 ferry crossings in the country (mandala Java). Majapahit inscriptions mention a large number of occupational specialities, ranging from gold and

2112:

The Javanese sources incorporate some poetic mythological elements into their historical accounts. This complexity has led to a variety of interpretive approaches. Cornelis Christiaan Berg, a Dutch historian, have considered the entire historical record to be not a record of the past, but a

10408:(present-day Mojoagung) in 1615—during that time just a small town without significant strategic and economic value—led by the sultan himself, may probably have had such symbolic importance as it was the location of the former Majapahit capital. Central Javanese palaces have traditions and 10104:

Majapahit was the largest empire ever to form in Southeast Asia. Although its political power beyond the core area in east Java was diffuse, constituting mainly ceremonial recognition of suzerainty, Majapahit society developed a high degree of sophistication in both commercial and artistic

3086:

in the region, while the Ming fleet actively established Chinese-Malay Muslim community in coastal northern Java, thus created a permanent opposition to the Hindus of Java. By 1430, the expeditions had established Muslim Chinese, Arab and Malay communities in northern ports of Java such as

17034:

The Suma oriental of Tomé Pires : an account of the East, from the Red Sea to Japan, written in Malacca and India in 1512-1515; and, the book of Francisco Rodrigues, rutter of a voyage in the Red Sea, nautical rules, almanack and maps, written and drawn in the East before 1515 volume

15090:

The Suma oriental of Tomé Pires : an account of the East, from the Red Sea to Japan, written in Malacca and India in 1512-1515; and, the book of Francisco Rodrigues, rutter of a voyage in the Red Sea, nautical rules, almanack and maps, written and drawn in the East before 1515 volume

12432:

Celebrated as 'the golden era of the archipelago', the Majapahit empire has inspired many writers and artists (and continues to do so) to create their works based on this era or to describe and mention it. The impact of the Majapahit theme on popular culture can be seen in the following:

7905:

of Malayupura. Adityawarman, the cousin of King Jayanegara, was raised within Majapahit palace and rose to become a senior minister in Majapahit court. He was sent to led Majapahit military expansion to conquer east coast region in Sumatra. Adityawarman then founded the royal dynasty of

7704:

stated that the Southern Javanese people sailed to "far Southern lands" up to the point they arrived at an island where a day only lasted four hours long and was "colder than in any part of the world". Modern studies have determined that such place is located at least 900 nautical miles

7393:(probably Brawijaya or Ranawijaya), numbered 200,000 men, 2,000 of which are horsemen and 4,000 musketeers. Duarte Barbosa ca. 1514 recorded that the inhabitants of Java are great masters in casting artillery and very good artillerymen. They make many one-pounder cannons (cetbang or 12476:(1987–1991), a radio drama and film by Niki Kosasih. Begun as a popular radio drama program in the late 1980s, Saur Sepuh is based on 15th-century Java, centred around the story about a fictional hero named Brama Kumbara, the king of Madangkara, a fictional kingdom neighbour of the 7288:

Military forces in various parts of Southeast Asia were lightly armored. As was common in Southeast Asia, most of the Javanese forces were composed of temporarily conscripted commoners (levy) led by the warrior and noble castes. The "peasant army" was usually bare-chested wearing a

3768:), and light fireworks. Escorted in front, behind, and around by men holding short blades and shields. While the bride is a matted-hair woman, with an uncovered body and barefooted. She wraps herself in embroidered silk, wears a necklace around her neck adorned with gold beads, and 3320:

Brawijaya V with a Chinese concubine. Another argument supports Demak as the successor of Majapahit; the rising Demak sultanate was easily accepted as the nominal regional ruler, as Demak was the former Majapahit vassal and located near the former Majapahit realm in eastern Java.

14859:: "The bitara immediately fitted out 300 junks together with the vessels calúlús, pelang, and jongkong in numbers beyond calculation, and embarked on board of them two Cati of Javans (200,000). Then having set sail, they arrived at Singhapura, and immediately engaged in battle." 10125:

in 1350. The chronicle described that the Majapahit invasion was a punishment for Sultan Ahmad Malik Az-Zahir's crime on ruining a royal marriage between Pasai Prince Tun Abdul Jalil and Raden Galuh Gemerencang, a Majapahit princess — that led to the death of the royal couple.

7617:, it carried 1000 fighting men with red sails. The exact number of jongs fielded by Majapahit is unknown, but the largest number of jongs deployed in an expedition was about 400 jongs when Majapahit attacked Pasai. The average jong used by Majapahit would be about 76.18–79.81 m 2682:

captain Jamuhala was also killed in this battle. While prince Jarang and prince Idong hid in Man near Tabalong-kiwa river. Nansarunai soldiers were concentrated in Pulau Kadap before the second battle happened in December 1362. Casualties from this second battle were buried in

2672:

In 1355, Hayam Wuruk launched the third invasion of Dayak Ma'anyan kingdom of Nan Sarunai, which at the time was led by Raden Anyan or Datu Tatuyan Wulau Miharaja Papangkat Amas. This invasion was led by Ampu Jatmika from Kalingga, Kediri with his entourage which according to

14302:: p. 98 and 157: "Then he directed them to make ready all the equipment and munitions of war needed for an attack on the land of Pasai – about four hundred of the largest junks, and also many barges (malangbang) and galleys." See also Nugroho (2011). p. 270 and 286, quoting 7106:

Because of the close maritime relations of the Nusantara archipelago with the territory of west India, after 1460 new types of gunpowder weapons entered the archipelago through Arab intermediaries. This weapon seems to be cannon and gun of Ottoman tradition, for example the

7871:

to their interest. During its formation, the returning Pamalayu expedition in 1293 has brought Malayu Kingdoms in Jambi and Dharmasraya under Javanese suzerainty. Therefore, Java often considers itself as the overlord of most of the polities in the Indonesian archipelago.

4589:

high (about 30 feet 7 inches or 9.32 metres), with length of more than 200 paces (340 yards or 310 metres) and on the wall there are two layers of gates, the palace is very well guarded and clean. The king's palace was a two-storey building, each of them 3 or 4

5326:

for major or minor punishment. They tied the guilty men on his hands in the back with rattan rope and paraded them, and then stabbed the offender in the back where there is a floating rib which resulted in instant death. Judicial executions of this kind were frequent.

3838:, elephants, oxen to draw the wagons of gilt and painted woodwork. The nobilities go out in triumphal cars, and if they go by sea they go in painted and ornamented kelulus; there are beautiful apartments for their women, other places for the nobles who accompanied him. 5322:, when the one being stabbed was wounded and dead, the murderer will flee and hide for three days, then he will not lose his life. But if he was caught during the fight, he will instantly be stabbed to death (execution by stabbing). The country of Majapahit knows no 17106: 10566:

Pura Kawitan Majapahit was built in 1995 as a homage to honour the empire that inspires the nation. Majapahit is often regarded as the antecedent of the modern state of Indonesia. This Hindu temple complex is located within Trowulan just north of Segaran pool.

3021:

Chinese admiral, arrived in Java several times spanning the period from 1405 to 1433. These Chinese voyages visited numbers of ports in Asia as far as Africa, including Majapahit ports. It was said that Zheng He has paid a visit to the Majapahit court in Java.

10583:

will inevitably damage the site itself. Ancient bricks which are historically valuable were found scattered on the site. The government then argued that the method they were applying were less destructive since digging method were used instead of drilling.

2869:. Geographical and economic constraints suggest that rather than a regular centralised authority, the outer states were most likely to have been connected mainly by trade connections, which were probably a royal monopoly. It also claimed relationships with 10555:, who swore that he would not taste any spice as long as he had not succeeded in unifying Nusantara (Indonesian archipelago). This ancient oath of unification signifies the Palapa satellite as the modern means to unify the Indonesian archipelago by way of 5269:(1967), there is no definite record regarding the time when this criminal law was drafted. However, based on some evidence, it can be concluded that this book of law written in old Javanese was originated from the Majapahit period during the reign of King 3379:

to Majapahit came to the capital to pay court. Majapahit's territories were roughly divided into three types: the palace and its vicinity; the areas of east Java and Bali which were directly administered by officials appointed by the king; and the outer

2444:

visited the Majapahit court in Java. He mentioned Java to be well-populated and filled with cloves, nutmeg and many other spices. He also mentioned that the king of Java had seven vassals under him and engaged in several wars with the "khan of Cathay".

4679:

that the temple is perceived taller than its actual height. The pinnacle of the temples are usually cube (mostly Hindu temples), sometimes dagoba cylindrical structures (Buddhist temples). Although some of the temples dated from Majapahit period used

12935:

or seven Bhattara or Bhres (Dukes/Duchess), which is seven influential elders that rules over seven nagara or regional kingdoms, corresponds to Majapahit provinces in East and Central Java; i.e. Kahuripan, Daha, Tumapel, Wengker, Lasem, Pajang, and

10204:

dance drama. The Panji tales, in particular, have spread from East Java to become a source of inspiration for literature and dance drama throughout the region, as far as the Malay Peninsula, Cambodia and Siam where he is known as Raden Inao or Enau

5148:

mentioned that large numbers of Chinese traders and Muslim merchants from the west (from Arab and India, but mostly from Muslim states in Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula) are settling in Majapahit port cities, such as Tuban, Gresik and Hujung Galuh

7238: 3705:

Commoners' clothing for men is without headgear and women arrange their hair like a bun secured with a hairpin. They wore clothing on the upper body and wrapped unstitched fabrics around the bottom part, Men from a boy aged three to elders slipped

7644:). This hybrid junk incorporated Chinese techniques, such as using iron nails alongside wooden dowels, the construction of watertight bulkheads, and the addition of a central rudder. Besides that, other types of vessels used by Majapahit navy are 5125:

silversmiths to drink vendors and butchers. Although many of these occupations had existed in earlier times, the proportion of the population earning an income from non-agrarian pursuits seems to have become even greater during the Majapahit era.

12921:

V. Another paper noted that the reasons for the attacks Demak (led by Adipati Yunus) to Majapahit (Girindrawardhana period) are a backlash against Girindrawardhana who had defeated Adipati Yunus' grandfather Prabu Bhre Kertabumi (Prabu Brawijaya

6092:

When Majapahit entered the thalassocracy imperial phase during the administration of Gajah Mada, several overseas vassal states were included within the Majapahit sphere of influence, as a result, the new larger territorial concept was defined:

14308:

Sa-telah itu, maka di-suroh baginda musta'idkan segala kelengkapan dan segala alat senjata peperangan akan mendatangi negeri Pasai itu, sa-kira-kira empat ratus jong yang besar-besar dan lain daripada itu banyak lagi daripada malangbang dan

1824:) although the scope of Majapahit sphere of influence is still the subject of debate among historians. The nature of Majapahit's relations and influence upon its overseas vassals and also its status as an empire still provokes discussion. 4583:, Ma Huan also describes the Majapahit cities: most of them do not have walls surrounding the city or the suburbs. He describes the king's palace in Majapahit. The king's residence is surrounded with thick red brick walls more than three 7003:, an achievement that only a handful of Southeast Asian empires could hope to achieve. In addition to these professional soldiers, Majapahit was strengthened by troops from subordinate countries and regional leaders. From the records of 14818:

Setelah Betara Majapahit mendengar bunyi surat bendahari Singapura itu, maka baginda pun segera menyuruhkan berlengkap tiga ratus jong, lain daripada banting dan jongkong, kelulos, tiada berbilang lagi; dua keti rakyat Jawa yang pergi

4507:

One of the most interesting findings is the Majapahit piggy bank. Several boar-shaped piggy banks have been discovered in Trowulan. It is probably the origin of Javanese-Indonesian word to refer for saving or money container. The word

5153:). A special tax was levied against some foreigners, possibly those who had taken up semi-permanent residence in Java and conducted some type of enterprise other than foreign trade. The Majapahit Empire had trading links with Chinese 3817:, who visited the archipelago in 1512, recorded the culture of Java in the late Majapahit era, after his visit to the island between March and June 1513. Pires' account tells about the lords and nobles in Java. They are described as: 3414: 7331:

s (ministers or officers) of Gajah Mada wore armor in the form of chain mail or breastplate with gold decoration and dressed in yellow attire, while Kidung Sundayana canto 1 stanza 95 mentioned that Gajah Mada wore golden embossed

5143:

The Nagarakretagama states that the fame of the ruler of Wilwatikta (a synonym for Majapahit) attracted foreign merchants from far and wide, including Indians, Khmers, Siamese, and Chinese among others. While in the later period,

2917:

By the time of Hayam Wuruk's death, Majapahit had lost its grip on its vassal states on the northern coasts of Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula, the latter which according to Chinese sources, would become a tributary state of the

4560: 3530:

In his book, he mentioned that he visited Java without explaining the exact place he had visited. He said that king of Java ruled over seven other kings (vassals). He described the richness of this island, and recorded that the

5243:, Majapahit employed a well-organised bureaucratic structure for administrative purposes. The hierarchy and structure relatively remain intact and unchanged throughout Majapahit history. The king is the paramount ruler, as the 4323:

Nagarakretagama composed by Prapanca in 1365 is a vital source of the premier historical account of Majapahit historiography. While Sutasoma is an important literature for modern Indonesian nationhood, since the national motto

2019:

inscriptions on stone and metal, which are contemporary with the events they describe. These inscriptions provide valuable information about dynasties, religious affairs, village communities, society, economics, and the arts.

17009:"Maka betara Majapahitpun menitahkan hulubalangnya berlengkap perahu akan menyerang Singapura itu, seratus buah jung; lain dari itu beberapa melangbing dan kelulus, jongkong, cerucuh, tongkang, tiada terhisabkan lagi banyaknya 4823:

style gate is the elegant Bajang Ratu gate richly decorated with Kala demon, cyclops and also the bas-relief telling the story of Sri Tanjung. Those typical Majapahit architectural style has deeply influenced the Javanese and

3803:

class of artisans that draws various images on paper and give a theatrical performance. The narrator tells the story of legends, tales and romance drawn upon a screen of rolled paper. This kind of performance is identified as

7472:

breeds steadily grew. In 1513 CE Tomé Pires praised the highly decorated horses of Javanese nobility, complemented by gold-studded stirrups and lavishly decorated saddles that were "not found anywhere else in the world". The

7979:

upon Majapahit shores has pushed Majapahit prestige and power to the side. Ming on the other hand, actively support the rise of Malacca. This Ming protection has made Majapahit unwilling and unable to push Malacca anymore.

7935:

In later years after the era of Hayam Wuruk, Majapahit has lost their grips on some of their overseas possessions. This led to the thrive and the rise of several polities previously held under Majapahit domination, such as

3833:

and other dogs; and they have so many pictures painted with images and hunting scenes. Their clothes are adorned with gold, their krises, swords, knives, cutlasses are all inlaid with gold; they have numbers of concubines,

3209:, further weakening Majapahit's influence on the western part of the archipelago. Kertabhumi managed to stabilize this situation by allying with Muslim merchants, giving them trading rights on the north coast of Java, with 3177:

In 1468 Prince Kertabhumi rebelled against Singhawikramawardhana, promoting himself as the king of Majapahit. Deposed Singhawikramawardhana retreated upstream of Brantas River, moved the kingdom's capital further inland to

7494: 4594:

high (9.32–12.42 metres or 30.6–40.7 feet). It had wooden plank floors and exposed mats made from rattan or reeds (presumably palm leaves), where people sat cross-legged. The roof was made of hardwood shingles (Javanese:

12480:. In several stories the Paregreg war is described, that is to say, the civil war of Majapahit between Wikramawardhana and Bhre Wirabhumi. This part has been made into a single feature film entitled 'Saur Sepuh' as well. 5313:. The punishments handed down included the death penalty, mutilation of the guilty body parts, fines and compensation. Additional penalties included ransom, confiscation, and money compensation for medication and drugs. 7339:

Majapahit also pioneered the use of firearms in the archipelago. Even though the knowledge of making gunpowder-based weapons has been known after the failed Mongol invasion of Java, and the predecessor of firearms, the

14797: 20879: 5296:

which regulates the punishment for murder. Overall, this criminal code consists of 19 sections that regulate various aspects of life. In addition to the punishment for the crime of murders which are summarised in the

14311:." (After that, he is tasked by His Majesty to ready all the equipment and all weapons of war to come to that country of Pasai, about four hundred large jongs and other than that much more of malangbang and kelulus.) 13315: 3138:

was ruled by his brother, Sultan Sadik Muhammad Shah, until his death in 1429. This necessitated Kemas Jiwa to return and took the throne as Iskandar, where he declared Kelantan as Majapahit II in Mahligai. Although

17011:." (So the king of Majapahit ordered his war commander to equip vessels for attacking Singapore, a hundred jong; other than that a few melangbing and kelulus; jongkong, cerucuh, tongkang all in uncountable numbers.) 13176: 4551: 2686:

in Bayu Hinrang. In this war Raden Anyan was killed, speared by Mpu Nala, and buried in Banua Lawas. In its place, Ampu Jatmika founded a Hindu kingdom state Negara Dipa under Majapahit tributary, predecessor of

2014:

While significant details about the history of Majapahit remain vague, this period of Javanese history is the more comprehensively documented than any other. The most reliable written sources for this period are

18923: 2983:. Wikramawardhana was victorious. Wirabhumi was caught and decapitated. However the civil war drained financial resources, exhausted the kingdom, and weakened Majapahit's grip on its outer vassals and colonies. 1988:

Compared to contemporary societies elsewhere in Asia, little physical evidence of Majapahit remains, Majapahit did produce physical evidence: the main ruins dating from the Majapahit period are clustered in the

3678: 7190: 2905:

Following Hayam Wuruk's death in 1389, Majapahit power entered a period of decline with conflict over succession. Hayam Wuruk was succeeded by the crown princess Kusumawardhani, who married a relative, Prince

2030:. A few inscriptions found outside Java, such as the Pura Abang C inscription discovered in northern Bali, offer conclusive evidence that these areas were under Majapahit control during the late 14th century. 14911: 3721:

Majapahit people, men and women, favoured their head. If someone was touched on his head, or if there is a misunderstanding or argument when drunk, they will instantly draw their knives and stab each other.

3394: 7027:

So the two parties returned to their respective places. That was how the war went on every day, for about three months, the war was unrelenting, because the Javanese kingdom also received help from foreign

4778:

era. This temple was identified in Nagarakretagama as Palah temple and reported being visited by King Hayam Wuruk during his royal tour across East Java. Another notable temple of Eastern Javanese style is

4616:(48.9 inches or 124 centimetres) above the ground, where they kept the family property, and they lived on top of this building, to sit and sleep. Not every house in Java looked like this: According to the 3450: 4603:

tile of gold and the other of silver, and the inside wall plated all over with gold, with knight sculptures of gold ornamented with precious stones. The ceiling of Majapahit palace was made of pure gold.

7813:), Oman, Aden, and the Red Sea. The passenger brought their wives and children, even some of them never leave the ship to go on shore, nor have any other dwelling, for they are born and die in the ship. 7505: 7273: 1951:

refers to the kingdom's capital, but today it is common to refer to the kingdom with its capital's name. In Javanese primary sources, the kingdom as an extended territory is generally referred to not as

3824:

The lords go out hunting or pleasure-seeking in such exalted style. They spend all their time in pleasures, the retinues had so many lances in holders of gold and silver, so richly inlaid, with so many

2427:

After Kuti forces were defeated, Jayanegara was safely returned to his throne. For his loyalty and excellent service, Gajah Mada was promoted to high office to begin his career in royal court politics.

2645:. This expansion marked the greatest extent of Majapahit, making it one of the most influential empires in Indonesian history. It is considered a commercial trading empire in the civilisation of Asia. 7206: 6617:

consists of 98 tributaries stretching from Sumatra to New Guinea. Some scholars have discounted this claim as merely a sphere of limited influence, or even just a statement of geographical knowledge.

4783:

in Pandaan — also visited by King Hayam Wuruk, the temple was mentioned in Nagarakretagama as Jajawa, and was dedicated as a mortuary temple for his great-grandfather, King Kertanegara of Singhasari.

14374:

Kusmartono dan Widianto (1998), based on ash sample analysis in 1996 of burned Majapahit forces corpses from first nansarunai battle in Tambak Wasi and Candi Agung, Amuntai, gave the date April 1358.

13016:

A type of scatter bullet—when shot it spews fire, splinters and bullets, and can also be arrows. The characteristic of this projectile is that the bullet does not cover the entire bore of the barrel.

7917:

Within Indonesian archipelago, Majapahit saw itself as the centre of a huge mandala. This notion is demonstrated by its three-tier administrative hierarchy; Nagara Agung, Mancanegara, and Nusantara.

4828:

of later period. The current prevalence of Majapahit style pendopo pavilion, candi bentar and paduraksa gates was owed to the influence of Majapahit aesthetics on Javanese and Balinese architecture.

12490:

historical epic fictional story with the Majapahit era serving as the background of the story. The story also involved a romance between the hero named Arya Kamandanu and his Chinese lover Mei Shin.

18933: 4528:"-an" was added to denote its likeness. One important specimen is stored in the National Museum of Indonesia, it has been reconstructed since this large piggy bank has been found broken to pieces. 7724:". Basically, the navigators determine the bow of the ship to the islands that are recognized by using the position of rising and setting of certain stars above the horizon. In the Majapahit era, 7301:. Irawan Djoko Nugroho argues that it may be shaped like a long tube and was made of cast copper. In contrast, the regular infantry (professional soldiers, not the levy) wore a scale armor called 5259:

of Majapahit kingdom follows the regulations related to the criminal code of law which became the guidelines for people's lives at that time. This rule of law can be found in a manuscript called

3244:, when Ranawijaya's army under general Udara (who later became vice-regent) breached Trowulan defences and killed Kertabumi in his palace, but not the actual fall of Majapahit itself as a whole. 3776:

nut, reeds and flowers are sewn, and arrange a party to welcome the couple on such a festive occasion. When the groom arrives home, the gong and drum are sounded, they will drink wine (possibly

3690: 2702:

Along with launching naval and military expeditions, the expansion of the Majapahit Empire involved diplomacy and alliance. Hayam Wuruk decided, probably for political reasons, to take princess

1993:

area, which was the royal capital of the kingdom. The area has become the centre for the study of Majapahit history. The Trowulan archaeological site was first documented in the 19th century by

12995:

Bhre Wirabhumi is actually the title: the Duke of Wirabhumi (Blambangan), the real name is unknown. He is referred to as Bhre Wirabhumi in Pararaton. He married Nagawardhani, the king's niece.

1930:), as it is a widespread practice in Java to name an area, a village or settlement with the most conspicuous or abundant tree or fruit species found in that region. The 16th-century chronicle 1998: 12639:(referred as Gitarja in-game) as the leader of the Indonesian civilization, with the emblem being a simpler version of the Surya Majapahit. The unique unit of Indonesian civilization is the 7450: 21087: 16543:

25 爪哇國（自占城起程，順風二十晝夜可至其國）26 古名闍婆，地廣人稠，實甲兵器械，乃為東洋諸番之衝要。舊傳鬼子魔天，正於此地，與一罔象青面紅身赤髮相合。凡生子百餘，常食啖人血肉。佛書所云鬼國，其中只此地也。人被啖幾盡，忽一曰雷震石裂，中坐一人，眾稱異之，遂為國主，即領兵驅逐罔象，而不為害。後複生齒而安業，乃至今國之移文，後書一千三百七十六年。考之肇啟漢初，傳至我宣德七年。

18892: 3146:

The reign of Suhita was the second time Majapahit was reigned by a queen regnant after her great-grandmother Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi. Her reign is immortalized in Javanese legend of

2768:, written in 1365, depicts a sophisticated court with refined taste in art and literature and a complex system of religious rituals. The poet describes Majapahit as the centre of a huge 21082: 15746: 6922: 6162:. However, in the later period, overseas provinces which have developed culture reflected or comparable to those of Java, or possess significant trading importance, are also considered 3082:

The Chinese provided systematic support to Malacca, and its sultan made at least one trip to personally pay obeisance to the Ming emperor. Malacca actively encouraged the conversion to

13625: 6635:

The model of political formations and power diffusion from its core in the Majapahit capital city that radiates through its overseas possessions was later identified by historians as "

3737:

for the meal, first, they took a scoop of water and soak betel in their mouth, then wash their hands and sit down to make a circle; getting a plate of rice soaked in butter (probably

3555:

Now the Great Khan of Cathay many a time engaged in war with this king; but this king always vanquished and got the better of him. And many other things there be which I write not.

2494:

Jayanegara's stepmother, Gayatri Rajapatni — the most revered matriarch of the court — was supposed to take the helm. However, Rajapatni had retired from worldly affairs to become a

17113:, Jakarta: Pusat Riset Wilayah Laut dan Sumber Daya Nonhayati, Badan Riset Kelautan dan Perikanan; Pusat Penelitian Kemasyarakatan dan Budaya, Universitas Indonesia, pp. 53–124 5136:

projects were undertaken, some with government assistance. Secondly, Majapahit's ports on the north coast were probably significant stations along the route to obtain the spices of

3868: 15862: 10570:

During the last half-year of 2008, the Indonesian government sponsored a massive exploration on the site that is believed to be the place where the palace of Majapahit once stood.

3193:

And in between this period of the dividing court of Majapahit, the kingdom found itself unable to control its western part of the already crumbling empire. The rising power of the

18409: 12686:, comically mispronouncing "Majapahit" in rapid succession ("It's the Mahajapit... Majahapit... Mapajahit... Mahapajit... Mapajahit") before settling on the correct pronunciation. 5511:

During its formation, Majapahit traditional realm only consists of lesser vassal kingdoms (provinces) in eastern and central Java. This region is ruled by provincial kings called

3293:, Sultan of Demak, left Majapahit alone like his father had done before, some source said Udara agreed to become a vassal of Demak, even marrying Raden Patah's youngest daughter. 3186:), effectively splitting Majapahit, under Bhre Kertabumi in Trowulan and Singhawikramawardhana in Daha. Singhawikramawardhana continued his rule until he was succeeded by his son 3430: 2893:

mid-14th century during the reign of Hayam Wuruk. Two Muslim tombstones in Troloyo were dated from the 14th century (1368 AD, 1376 AD). The close proximity of the site with the

15552: 3213:

as its centre and in return asked for their loyalty to Majapahit. This policy boosted the Majapahit treasury and power but weakened Hindu-Buddhism as its main religion because

2448:

In 1328, Jayanegara was murdered by his physician, Tanca, during a surgical operation. In complete mayhem and rage, Gajah Mada immediately killed Tanca. The motive behind this

2270:, a vassal state of Singhasari, had usurped and killed Kertanagara. After being pardoned by Jayakatwang with the aid of Madura's regent Arya Wiraraja, Kertanegara's son-in-law 21102: 21097: 14813: 3079:, a detailed description of Majapahit, which provides valuable insight on the culture, customs, and also various social and economic aspects of Java during Majapahit period. 21092: 18887: 6893:

for a long time until about a hundred years earlier, when its power began to wane until it became similar to that during the year of Pires' visit to Java (March–June 1513).

4445:-like figures, such as those carved on East Javanese temple's bas-reliefs. The bas-reliefs were projected rather flat from the background. This style was later preserved in 17910: 5040:

is a fruit similar to Loquat, but larger contained three blocky white flesh with a sweet and sour taste. Sugarcane has white stems, large and coarse, with roots reaching 3

3748:

The population consisted of Muslim merchants from the west (Arab and Muslim Indians, but mostly those from Muslim states in Sumatra), Chinese (claimed to be descendants of

3666: 5261: 4189:

and spiritual teacher. The spiritual circumstances of Majapahit, seems to promote the harmony between the adherents of Shiva and Buddha. As demonstrated in the manuscript

3646: 2691:. While surviving Javanese, Dayak, Madurese, and Bugis soldiers, sailors, metalsmiths of this war settled in Amuntai, Alabio, and Nagara. These invasions were recorded in 17490: 13204: 6126:

peaks, are the core realm of the kingdom. The Brantas river valley corridor, connecting Majapahit Trowulan area to Canggu and estuarine areas in Kahuripan (Sidoarjo) and

4079:, a syncretic Hindu-Buddhist temple of Shiva-Buddha cult, dated from late 13th century Singhasari kingdom, which later renovated and preserved during the Majapahit period 18897: 6717: 5777: 13742:(Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afd. Letterkunde, vol. 69, no. 1) Amsterdam: N.V. Noord-Hollandsche Uitgevers Maatschappij, 1962 3787:

About the burial rituals, the dead body was left on the beach or empty land to be devoured by dogs (for lower-class), cremated, or committed into the waters (Javanese:

3522: 1774:, whose reigns in the mid-14th century were marked by conquests that extended throughout Southeast Asia. This achievement is also credited to the famous prime minister 20733: 6689:

In addition, in canto 83 stanza 4 and 93 stanza 1 are mentioned the places that became the origin of merchants and scholars. The regions are Jambudwipa (India), Cina,

528: 503: 372: 4385:

Originally, the poem was meant to promote the religious tolerance between the Hindu and Buddhist religions, specifically promote the syncretic Shiva-Buddha doctrine.

17609: 14224: 4123: 3103:; thus Islam began to gain a foothold on the northern coast of Java. Malacca prospered under Chinese Ming protection, while the Majapahit were steadily pushed back. 3289:

In 1498, there was a turning point when Girindrawardhana was deposed by his vice-regent, Udara. After this coup, the war between Demak and Majapahit receded, since

17627: 17520: 5104:

system that used much smaller denominations suitable for use in everyday market transactions. This was a role for which gold and silver are not well suited. These

5090:

Taxes and fines were paid in cash. Javanese economy had been partly monetised since the late 8th century, using gold and silver coins. Previously, the 9th-century

2824:

naval attack against a rebellion in Palembang, contributing to the end of the Srivijayan successor kingdom. Besides Gajah Mada, Another famous military leader was

13550: 20738: 12561: 7261: 6915: 6166:. Either the province has its own native rulers subject (vassal) to the king, or a regent appointed and sent by the king to rule the region. This realm includes 4200:

During the Majapahit period, religious teaching played an important role in the society. The religious education could be done individually within households of

3323:

Demak established itself as the regional power and the first Islamic sultanate in Java. After the fall of Majapahit, the Hindu kingdoms in Java only remained in

1345: 17251:

Manguin, Pierre-Yves (1993). 'The Vanishing Jong: Insular Southeast Asian Fleets in Trade and War (Fifteenth to Seventeenth Centuries)', in Anthony Reid (ed.),

13028:

has 2 meanings: In Indonesian language, it refers to round shield made of leather or rattan, while in old Javanese it refers to a long, narrow parrying shield.

10224:. The empire's expansion circa 14th-century contributed to the diffusion Javanese cultural influence throughout the archipelago, which can be seen as a form of 413: 21342: 17459: 10517:

as an expression of state expansion and consolidation. Like Majapahit, the modern state of Indonesia covers vast territory and is politically centred on Java.

9697: 5284:

was death. According to the manuscript Kidung Sorandaka, it was said that Demung Sora, a minister of Majapahit court, was sentenced to death penalty under the

4116:, Kahuripan, Kadiri, to Singhasari kingdom. It seems that both Hinduism and Buddhism are widely practised by Majapahit subjects. Nevertheless, native Javanese 2517:

During Tribhuwana's rule, the Majapahit kingdom grew much larger and became famous in the area. Under the initiative of her able and ambitious prime minister,

2116: 15007: 6682:, which means "to be exposed to light". It is interpreted as protected or sheltered. The term "protected area" in the modern state system is referred to as a 4786:

Some of the typical architectural styles are believed to be developed during Majapahit era; such as tall and slender roofed red brick gate commonly called as

18492: 2941:, a rebellious colony. Singapura was finally sacked by Majapahit in 1398, after approximately 1 month long siege by 300 jong and 200,000 men. The last king, 2502:, or known in her formal regnal name as Tribhuwannottungadewi Jayawishnuwardhani, as the queen of Majapahit under Rajapatni's auspices. Tribhuwana appointed 355: 17831:. Translated by Saktiani, Damaika; Widya, Kartika; Aminullah, Zakaria Pamuji; Marginingrum, Novi; Septi, Neda (2nd (revised) ed.). Yogyakarta: Narasi. 10113:

the incoming Javanese forces to their land, which was probably a local testament of the empire's expansive nature that once dominating the archipelago. The

4811:

passage. It probably only served the ceremonial and aesthetic purpose, to create the sense of grandeur, before entering the next compound through tall roof

395: 20760: 18475: 17945: 12524:, a comic book series by Jan Mintaraga, published by Elexmedia Komputindo. This series tells the history of Majapahit from its formation until the decline. 9627: 7436: 3217:

spread faster, especially in Javanese coastal principalities. Hindu-Buddhist followers' grievances later paved the way for Ranawijaya to defeat Kertabumi.

2371: 15283: 7716:

ethnicities, use a solid navigation system: Orientation at sea is carried out using a variety of different natural signs, and by using a very distinctive

7422: 3535:

emperors had repeatedly tried to attack Java, but always ended up in failure and managed to be sent back to the mainland. His full account is as follows:

2529:

in the following centuries. Tribhuwana ruled Majapahit until the death of her mother in 1350. She abdicated the throne in favour of her son, Hayam Wuruk.

21337: 20500: 18943: 17584: 12825:(canto 18 stanza 4). However it is still more widely known by its Old Javanese name, as recorded in Javanese and Balinese manuscripts, as well as in the 12552: 334: 21014: 9747: 6908: 6146:— traditionally refer to Majapahit provinces in East and Central Java. This area covered the eastern half of Java, with all its provinces ruled by the 3130:, who ruled from 1429 to 1447. She was the second child of Wikramawardhana by a concubine who was the daughter of Wirabhumi. She was married to future 12602:(2009), an anthology of short stories written by Rendra Fatrisna Kurniawan, imagining the life of the Nusantara people, published by Babel Publishing. 12458:, telling the everyday life of Panji Koming, a common Majapahit citizen. Although it took place in the Majapahit era, the comic strip serves as witty 10305: 18371: 14182: 10513:

presented its vision of a classless society as a reincarnation of a romanticised Majapahit. It was invoked by Sukarno for nation building and by the

9567: 3772:

on her wrist with ornaments of gold, silver and other precious ornaments. Family, friends and neighbours decorate a decorative boat with betel leaf,

2339:

founded a stronghold with the capital Majapahit. The exact date used as the birth of the Majapahit kingdom is the day of his coronation, the 15th of

1325: 17331: 15618: 7358:

for marriage ceremony in 1413, the knowledge of making "true" firearms came much later, after the middle of the 15th century. It was brought by the

13846: 13501: 13483: 9066: 8072: 7533:. Naval troops get preferential treatment in terms of facilities. Majapahit navy personnel were large, as noted Nagarakretagama canto 16 stanza 5: 7463:

The first true cavalry (organized units of cooperative horsemen) in Java may have appeared during the 12th century CE. The old Javanese manuscript

6583: 3166: 2980: 3367:, was grand and known for its great annual festivities. The main event of the administrative calendar took place on the first day of the month of 3270:, being the dominant ruler of the Javanese coastal lands and Java as a whole, seized the region of Jambi and Palembang in Sumatra from Majapahit. 2066:("The Monarchs") was compiled sometime between 1481 and 1600.Both of these chronicles survive as 19th- or 20th-century palm-leaf manuscripts. The 14353:

Kerajaan-kerajaan awal kepulauan Indonesia dan Semenanjung Malaysia: perkembangan sejarah dan budaya Asia Tenggara (Jaman pra sejarah – abad xvi)

14127:

Early Mapping of Southeast Asia: The Epic Story of Seafarers, Adventurers, and Cartographers Who First Mapped the Regions Between China and India

12580: 9231: 7386:(殊域周咨錄) recorded that Java is vast and densely populated, and their armored soldiers and hand cannons (火銃—huǒ chòng) dominated the Eastern Seas. 5109:

container. These are commonly found in Majapahit ruins, the slit in the small opening to put the coins in. The most popular shape is boar-shaped

4289:(Hindu-Buddhist poet or scholar) in Majapahit era. Notable literary works that were produced in the Majapahit period among others are Prapanca's 4059: 3248: 1305: 5389:, and together with the king, they determine the important state policies, including war or peace. Among the Dharmmadhyaksa officials, there is 5247:

he is considered the universal ruler and believed to be the living god on earth. The king holds the highest political authority and legitimacy.

4863:. Unlike previous Majapahit temples that demonstrate typical Hindu architecture of high-rise towering structure, the shape of these temples are 2857:

The nature of the Majapahit empire and its extent is subject to debate. It may have had limited or entirely notional influence over some of the

2567:, also known as Rajasanagara, ruled Majapahit in 1350–1389. During this period, Majapahit attained its peak with the help of the prime minister 21362: 16690:

Wade, G., 2009, "The horse in Southeast Asia before 1500 CE: Some vignettes," in: B. G. Fragner, R. Kauz, R. Ptak and A. Schottenhammer (eds),

16598:南海文明圖譜：復原南海的歷史基因◆繁體中文版 (Map of South China Sea Civilization: Restoring the Historical Gene of the South China Sea. Traditional Chinese Version) 10400:, in court chronicles was said to be the son of Kertabumi with Putri Cina, a Chinese princess, who had been sent away before her son was born. 9324: 7637:

in a fleet of 200 large ships and 2000 smaller vessels. The royal family boarded a nine-decked hybrid Sino-Southeast Asian junk (Old Javanese:

5095:

Chinese copper cash. About 10,388 ancient Chinese coins weighing about 40 kg were even unearthed from the backyard of a local commoner in

3725:

The population of the country did not have a bed or chair to sit and to eat they do not use a spoon or chopsticks. Men and women enjoy chewing

3162: 1663: 19355: 16889: 15750: 7218: 4802:. The large split gate of Wringin Lawang located at Jatipasar, Trowulan, Mojokerto, East Java, is one of the oldest and the largest surviving 18497: 13633: 10076: 7138:. The main task of these troops is for protecting the king and nobilities, but they may also be deployed to the battlefield if required. The 3165:

became a king with formal name Rajasawardhana. He died in 1453. A three-year kingless period was possibly the result of a succession crisis.

14676: 12877:

According to the History of Ming, only these areas in Sumatra were still mentioned as under Javanese / Majapahit supremacy at the time. Read

4650: 20596: 18514: 17350: 12682:

video called "History of the Entire World, I Guess," the brief segment showcasing the Majapahit features the video's narrator and creator,

12425: 9607: 2367: 1394: 75: 17278: 17050: 15123:

Marwati Djoenoed Poesponegoro dan Nugroho Notosusanto. Sejarah Nasional Indonesia. Jilid II. Cetakan V. (PN. Balai Pustaka, Jakarta, 1984)

14291: 6650:

Foreign or overseas territories are mentioned in Nagarakretagama canto 15 stanza 1. These territories include Syangka (Siam), Ayodyapura (

6218: 4847:

In later period near the fall of Majapahit, the art and architecture of Majapahit witnessed the revival of indigenous native Austronesian

4138:

The monarch and most of the royal family adhered to Hinduism, with certain emphasis on the cult of their own preferred main deity, either

21372: 20952: 15859: 13656: 9647: 9161: 7007:

and Malay Annals, the total number of Majapahit troops could reach 200,000 people. The Majapahit troops were multiethnic, similar to the

6818: 4639: 2911: 14786:." (then His Majesty immediately ordered to equip three hundred jong, other than that kelulus, pelang, jongkong in uncountable numbers.) 14103: 3741:) and gravy, and eat using hands to lift the rice and put it in their mouth. When receiving guests, they will offer the guests, not the 17092:

The travels of Ludovico di Varthema in Egypt, Syria, Arabia Deserta and Arabia Felix, in Persia, India, and Ethiopia, A.D. 1503 to 1508

16677:

The travels of Ludovico di Varthema in Egypt, Syria, Arabia Deserta and Arabia Felix, in Persia, India, and Ethiopia, A.D. 1503 to 1508

12669:

A unit called Cetbang Cannon is available for Indonesia, a revolutionary nation available for the Dutch and Portuguese civilization in

10405: 4753:

of Indonesia's classical age, it was Majapahit architects of the 14th and 15th centuries who mastered it. Making use of a vine sap and

2540:

which oppose the king of China (Yuan dynasty) and waged war with him using numerous junks until he made a peace on certain conditions.

5036:— is something like a pomegranate, peel it like an orange, it has four lumps of white flesh, sweet and sour taste and very delicious. 3515:

island to Sumatra, before visiting Java and Banjarmasin. He returned to Italy by land through Vietnam, China, all the way through the

21377: 20889: 20884: 20826: 20728: 18480: 15556: 10232:

and kris, being expanded and introduced to islands outside of Java. The descriptions of the architecture of the capital's pavilions (

9961: 9857: 6838: 6808: 6768: 14028: 7409:, guns (cannons), and other fire-works. Every place is considered excellent in casting artillery, and in the knowledge of using it. 4197:

which promotes the religious tolerance between the Hinduism and Buddhism, specifically promote the syncretic Shiva-Buddha doctrine.

21352: 20750: 17938: 17901: 14784:

maka bagindapun segera menyuruh berlengkap tiga ratus buah jung, lain dari pada itu kelulus, pelang, jongkong, tiada terbilang lagi

14617: 14125: 9314: 8877: 8873: 7598:. The jongs were large transport ships that could carry 100–2000 tons of cargo and 50–1000 people. They are about 26.36–80.51 m in 7378:

ca. 1436 stated that Java (Majapahit) is equipped with armored soldiers and equipment, and it is the center of the Eastern people.

6999:

Majapahit had 30,000 full-time professional troops, whose soldiers and commanders were paid in gold. This shows the existence of a

13297: 5185:

ports in Java were trading goods and offer services that were more numerous and more complete than other ports in Southeast Asia.

5128:

The great prosperity of Majapahit was probably due to two factors. Firstly, the northeast lowlands of Java were suitable for rice

3584:(Java) during Majapahit period. Ma Huan visited Java during Zheng He's 4th expedition in 1413, during the reign of Majapahit king 2560:. The existing historical records from several sources only partially describe the years listed and thus are subject to revisions. 21332: 21202: 21077: 20874: 20869: 20745: 20493: 18872: 17432: 9577: 4630: 3487:

in Borneo, between 1318 and 1330. He was sent by the Pope to launch a mission into the Asian interiors. In 1318 he departed from

17305: 16596: 16506: 12440:(1933), or Twilight/Sunset in Majapahit is a historical romance that took place during the fall of Majapahit empire, written by 10396:

sought to establish their legitimacy to the Majapahit. The Demak claimed a line of succession through Kertabumi, as its founder

6720:(dated 1447) it was mentioned that Majapahit's core realm was consisted of 14 provinces, that administrated by the ruler titled 20755: 17498: 16138:

Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 5: Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 7, Military Technology: The Gunpowder Epic

15523:"Supplementary Jottings to the "Notes on the Malay Archipelago and Malacca Compiled from Chinese Sources" by W. P. Groeneveldt" 15032:

Pararaton, p. 40, "... bhre Kertabhumi ... bhre prabhu sang mokta ring kadaton i saka sunyanora-yuganing-wong, 1400".

14324: 12671: 3710:(dagger) in their belt. The dagger, made entirely of steel with intricate motifs smoothly drawn. The handles are made of gold, 2835: 2571:. Under Gajah Mada's command (1313–1364), Majapahit conquered more territories and became the regional power. According to the 17911:

A Complete Transcription of Majapahit Royal Manuscript of Nagarakertagama from SejarahNasional.org an National History Website

10416:

in Java – where legitimacy is enhanced by such a connection. Bali, in particular, was heavily influenced by Majapahit and the

21123: 20859: 20574: 20308: 19690: 17872: 17836: 17817: 17798: 17779: 17760: 17732: 17695: 17677: 17315: 17288: 16831: 16658: 16342: 16220: 15916: 15827: 15784: 14969: 14670: 14234: 14135: 12662: 9966: 8746: 3201:

in the mid-15th century and expanding its influence to Sumatra. And amidst these events, Indragiri and Siantan, according to

1439: 16563:《海国广记·爪哇制度》有文字,知星历。其国地广人稠,甲兵火铳为东洋诸番之雄。其俗尚气好斗,生子一岁,便以匕首佩之。刀极精巧,名日扒刺头,以金银象牙雕琢人鬼为靶。男子无老幼贫富皆佩,若有争置,即拔刀相刺,盖杀人当时拿获者抵死,逃三日而出,则不抵死矣。 16171: 12986:

One's head is considered sacred since it is where the soul resides, beliefs and customs still practised in modern Indonesia.

4265:

and Singhasari periods. Notable Javanese literary works dated from an earlier period, such as Kadiri's 11th century Kanwa's

21407: 21357: 20864: 20821: 20569: 18847: 18597: 12466:

of modern Indonesian society. From a political, social, cultural and current point of view, Indonesia is described as the '

9937: 9707: 9281: 9211: 9016: 7181:

spears embroidered with gold numbered forty, (men) who carried Balinese shields with golden water engraving numbered forty.

6234:, copied Nganjuk bronze images of the early Majapahit period, signify Majapahit cultural influence on southern Philippines. 1580: 20214: 17613: 10436: 10141:

mentioned an invading foreign prince — associated with Javanese Majapahit kingdom — being defeated in a buffalo fight. In

6613:

is still a subject of study and even has sparked controversy. Nagarakretagama describes Majapahit as the centre of a huge

21226: 20854: 20816: 20791: 17931: 9737: 9587: 9507: 9261: 8966: 4659: 4052: 3300:. The delicate balance between Demak and Majapahit ended when Udara, seeing an opportunity to eliminate Demak, asked for 1540: 611: 17631: 17524: 16058: 15170: 14837: 12790:(the Sun of Majapahit) is the emblem commonly found in Majapahit ruins. It served as the symbol of the Majapahit empire. 12470:' of the Majapahit empire. The current Indonesian president is often portrayed as a Majapahit monarch or prime minister. 7809:), and Aden. From the notes of other authors, it is known that there were also those who went to the Maldives, Calicut ( 4224:

was usually located in remote areas far from habitation places, such as quiet forest, on hills or mountainous region. A

3940: 2221:

and the Emperor of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty of China, challenged Singhasari by sending emissaries demanding tribute.

21036: 20999: 20994: 20849: 20633: 20486: 20360: 19360: 14071: 13554: 13190: 12660:

appears in a campaign detailing his rise and then fall after the Pasunda Bubat tragedy. He also made appearance in the

12508:. It describes the decaying Majapahit empire where royals are fighting each other for power while the commoners suffer. 8427: 3987: 1656: 1602: 6861:

reigned from 1459 to 1477, which implies that Indragiri and Siantan were both still under Majapahit's control in 1447.

5530:(formally King Rajasanagara; 1350–1389) there were 12 provinces of Majapahit, administered by king's close relatives: 3559:

The Javanese kingdom mentioned in this record is Majapahit, and the time of his visit was in 1321 during the reign of

21382: 21176: 21171: 21166: 21145: 21021: 20984: 20811: 20801: 20776: 20611: 20564: 20559: 19004: 17567: 16761: 16713: 16606: 16516: 16279: 16120: 16026: 15983: 15655: 15505: 15475: 15371: 15361: 15325: 15315: 15171:

Sejarah Nasional Indonesia Edisi Pemutakhiran Jilid 3: Zaman Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Kerajaan Islam di Indonesia

15099: 15017: 14880: 14807: 14627: 14524: 14499: 14011: 13928: 13900: 13801: 13593: 13412: 13324: 13282: 12803:-derived name, which bears the same meaning ("bitter gourd") as "Majapahit" does in Old Javanese, for example in the 10069: 9727: 9221: 6636: 6238: 4848: 4757:

mortar, their temples had a strong geometric quality. The example of Majapahit temples are Brahu temple in Trowulan,

4482: 3420:

The king of Java and his 7 vassal kings, as imagined in a 15th-century English manuscript containing the accounts of

2156:

wrote a detailed description of Majapahit and where the king of Java lived. The report was composed and collected in

1560: 17467: 14155: 13458:

Java in the 14th Century, A Study in Cultural History: The Negara-Kertagama by Rakawi Prapanca of Majapahit, 1365 AD

7684:

bas relief. Research by Nugroho concluded that the main vessels used by Majapahit did not use outriggers, and using

5265:

or translated as "the Book of Religious Legislation". According to the historian Slamet Muljana's notes in the book

3143:

listed her husband as Bhra Hyang Parameswara Ratnapangkaja, which suggests she remarried after Kemas Jiwa returned.

21214: 21051: 21026: 20927: 20896: 20806: 20781: 20710: 20591: 20549: 16556: 15400: 9777: 9757: 9457: 9006: 8901: 8768: 6698: 4462:

Examples of Majapahit statues are the Harihara statue from Simping temple, believed to be the deified portrayal of

2291:

in hostile territory, with their ships being attacked by Javanese navy. It was also their last chance to catch the

1595: 1585: 1575: 1570: 1550: 21242: 16633:

A Description of the Coasts of East Africa and Malabar in the Beginning of the Sixteenth Century by Duarte Barbosa

16053: 14832: 10377:, one of the oldest surviving kris is dated to 1264 Saka (which correspondents to 1342). The Malay legend of Kris 9241: 21367: 21207: 21197: 21161: 21056: 21046: 21041: 20922: 20786: 20638: 20554: 20521: 19986: 18251: 17158: 16822:

de Jong Boers, Bernice (2007). "4. The 'Arab' of the Indonesian Archipelago: The Famed Horse Breeds of Sumbawa".

14728: 12868:

According to the Chinese sources, the event took place in 1376 or 1377, according to the Javanese about 1361. See

12606: 9637: 9294: 9271: 9131: 8996: 8407: 7099:

for use in the naval fleet. During the following years, the Majapahit army have begun producing cannons known as

7068:

A double-barrelled cetbang on a carriage, with swivel yoke, ca. 1522. The mouth of the cannon is in the shape of

4406: 4112:

already shaped the Javanese civilisation, religion, and spiritualism since the earlier era, from the 9th century

2162:, which provides valuable insight on the culture, customs, and also various social and economic aspects of Java ( 19148: 15522: 10165:

to Majapahit forces in 1398 was due to the betrayal of Sang Rajuna Tapa that opened the fortified city gate. In

7477:

seems to have been derived from the Javanese domesticated horse introduced by Majapahit in the 14th century CE.

4668:

Tegowangi temple reliefs and traditional houses of Bali. Balinese architecture is deeply influence by Majapahit.

3684:

A statue of bronze elephant with riders, made in the 13th–14th century East Java (Singhasari and Majapahit era).

3316:. The refugees fled to the east to avoid Demak retribution for their support for Ranawijaya against Kertabhumi. 2788:. Local traditions in many parts of Indonesia retain accounts of 14th-century Majapahit's power in more or less 2756:, dated 1273 Saka (1351 AD), mentioned about a sacred caitya building dedicated by Gajah Mada for the late King 21287: 21031: 20974: 20964: 20947: 20942: 20626: 20601: 14692: 14582: 14459: 13528: 12537: 10021: 9897: 9887: 9867: 9837: 9487: 9477: 7821: 6241:

mentioned more than 80 places in the archipelago described as the vassal states. In Canto 13, several lands on

4162:

however, was also favoured by the royal family and officials of Majapahit. For example, the queen of Majapahit

4045: 3851: 3150:, as it involves a maiden queen named Prabu Kenya in the story, and during Suhita's reign there was a war with 3134:

king Iskandar Shah or Kemas Jiwa in 1427. Both of them had a daughter together and he stayed with her in Java.

2456:, it was Tanca's revenge for the king sexually abusing his wife. However, according to the Balinese manuscript 2225:

refused to pay the tribute, insulted Kublai's envoy, and challenged the Khan instead. In response, Kublai Khan

1612: 1404: 652: 16675: 13696:

Johns, Anthony H. (November 1964). "The Role of Structural Organisation and Myth in Javanese Historiography".

10873: 5140:, and as the spices passed through Java they would have provided an important source of income for Majapahit. 4957:

as big as a hen, red and green parrots, five-colored parrots, (all of them can imitate the human voice), also

607: 21219: 21128: 21009: 20969: 20796: 20700: 20533: 20526: 20424: 18682: 16467: 15224: 14268: 13432: 10428: 10105:

activities. Its capital was inhabited by a cosmopolitan population among whom literature and art flourished.

9847: 9687: 9617: 9517: 9376: 9304: 9121: 8742: 8552: 4965:, 'betel tree bird', pearl bird, and green pigeons. The beasts here are strange: there are white deer, white 4392:, Ma Huan describes the writing system used in Majapahit. For the writing, they had known the alphabet using 3038:

coasts. However, perhaps the most significant Chinese intervention was its support for the newly established

2006:

indicate the Majapahit capital was much larger than previously believed after some artefacts were uncovered.

1649: 1617: 1607: 1590: 1555: 1479: 1449: 1384: 1214: 917: 740: 624: 17238: 16489: 16450: 15342: 14856: 10664:

Ascends to Javanese throne on the 15th of Kartika 1215 çaka (10 November 1293). Ranggalawe rebellion (1295)

7755:"...a large map of a Javanese pilot, containing the Cape of Good Hope, Portugal and the land of Brazil, the 7606:. A jong from 1420 nearly crossed the Atlantic Ocean. A type of large nine-decked jong that was recorded in 6882:, which were known to be the last stronghold of the Hindu-Javanese civilization during Majapahit's downfall. 4441:

art c. 8th to 10th century), this East Javanese style demonstrates a stiffer pose, stylised and rendered in

3069:

This Ming dynasty voyages are extremely important for Majapahit historiography, since Zheng He's translator

55: 21392: 21118: 20616: 20419: 20303: 18928: 12723: 10510: 10384:

For Indonesians in later centuries, Majapahit became a symbol of past greatness. The Islamic sultanates of

10062: 9986: 9971: 9927: 9877: 9787: 9717: 9467: 9387: 8976: 8887: 8686: 8001: 7573:

even though there were treaty violators, they were attacked by expeditionary forces and were all destroyed,

7152:

mambawa tumbak parampukan barsulam amas ampat puluh, yang mambawa tameng Bali bartulis air mas ampat puluh.

5079: 3926: 3616:), and then sailing inland into the river by smaller boat to the southwest until reached the river port of 3120: 2967:, is thought to have occurred from 1405 to 1406. The war was fought as a contest of succession between the 2404: 2328: 1233: 926: 17377: 16949:

Le carrefour javanais. Essai d'histoire globale (The Javanese Crossroads: Towards a Global History) vol. 2

16631: 16084:

Le carrefour javanais. Essai d'histoire globale (The Javanese Crossroads: Towards a Global History) Vol. 2

14851: 13862: 12619:

game. He is the leader of the Indonesian civilisation, with the emblem of the Indonesian empire being the

8021: 7879:(1356). Majapahit pulled Bali into their orbit as a vassal state. While the disastrous diplomacy with the 7366:. The precise year of introduction is unknown, but it may be safely concluded to be no earlier than 1460. 4185:

of Shaivism and Buddhism, which emphasise the similarity between Shiva and Buddha which both described as

21138: 20659: 20429: 19466: 18792: 17753:

Java in the 14th Century: A Study in Cultural History, Volume II: Notes on the Texts and the Translations

16648: 14955: 12636: 12528: 11354: 10744:

Majapahit golden age described in Nagarakretagama (1365). Punitive attack on Palembang rebellion (1377).

10699: 9976: 9807: 9797: 9427: 9101: 8397: 7988:

Hindu-Buddhist kingship, and after several generations, led to the fall of once-mighty Majapahit empire.

6830:

The inscription, however, did not mention Majapahit's vassals in other areas around the period, such as:

6733: 6729: 5829: 5576: 5401:(State's highest Buddhist priest), both are the authorities of the religious law of each dharmic faiths. 5120:

Ancient red-brick canal discovered in Trowulan. Majapahit had a well-developed irrigation infrastructure.

4775: 4467: 3260: 3183: 3169:, son of Kertawijaya, came to power in 1456. He died in 1466 and was succeeded by Singhawikramawardhana. 2499: 2484: 2267: 1767: 1459: 234: 16824:

Breeds of Empire: The 'Invention' of the Horse in Southern Africa and Maritime Southeast Asia, 1500–1950

16779:"The Loincloth, Trousers, and Horse-riders in Pre-Islamic Java: Notes on the Old Javanese Term Lañciṅan" 15909:

Breeds of Empire: The 'Invention' of the Horse in Southern Africa and Maritime Southeast Asia, 1500–1950

15426: 13835: 13007:

Kusumawardhani (king's daughter) married Wikramawardhana (king's nephew), the couple became joint-heirs.

12931:

Odoric of Pordenone mentioned that the King of Java ruled over "seven crowned kings", possibly refer to

12584:(2007), a novel written by Hermawan Aksan, fictionalising the detailed life story of Sundanese princess 10412:

that attempt to prove links back to the Majapahit royal lines—usually in the form of a grave as a vital

7295:, armed with spear, short sword, or bow and arrows. The richer (higher rank) soldiers wore armor called 5416:. The council also sentenced the execution of Raden Gajah (Narapati) for decapitating Bhre Wirabhumi in 4831: 3343:

communities began to retreat to the mountain ranges in East Java and also to the neighbouring island of

2440:, or "weak villain". Around the time of Jayanegara's reign in the early 14th century, the Italian Friar 21397: 21133: 18096: 17645: 16172:"L'Artillerie legere nousantarienne: A propos de six canons conserves dans des collections portugaises" 10525: 9907: 9767: 9497: 8986: 8512: 6834: 2844: 2278:

timberland. He then opened the vast timberland and built a new settlement there. The village was named

1414: 7914:

and presided over the central Sumatra region to take control of the gold trade between 1347 and 1375.

7131:

and stones) and fired at close range, the cetbang would have been effective at this type of fighting.

5408:. This council consists of seven influential elders—mostly directly related to the king. They are the 4410:), written by scraping it with a sharp knife. They also have a developed language system and grammar. 21387: 20387: 19535: 19099: 14388: 14204: 13683:

Melacak Sejarah Kuno Indonesia Lewat Prasasti/Tracing Ancient Indonesian History through Inscriptions

13314:

Wood, Michael. "Chapter 2: Archaeology, National Histories, and National Borders in Southeast Asia".

10466: 8502: 7428:

Worn-out reliefs in Candi Penataran, showing an armored horse rider, armored warriors, and a chariot.

7112: 6947: 6614: 3297: 2757: 2222: 1967: 1565: 174: 16523:费信《星栏胜览》称爪哇"古名阁婆,地广人稠,实甲兵器械,乃为东洋诸蓄之冲要"。严从简《殊域周咨录》则谓"其国地广人稠,甲兵火统为东洋诸善之雄"。明末张堂《东西洋考》亦说下港(爪哇)"甲兵为诸番之雄"。 20586: 20345: 20320: 20170: 19829: 19824: 18842: 18807: 18762: 18614: 18590: 18509: 18241: 17555: 17128: 12738: 12585: 9677: 9597: 9437: 9026: 8696: 8462: 8288: 7921: 7197: 6118:

valley near the capital, also mountainous areas south and southeast of the capital, all the way to

6087: 5256: 2703: 1897: 1545: 966: 20932: 17791:

Java in the 14th Century: A Study in Cultural History, Volume IV: Commentaries and Recapitulations

15820:

Java in the 14th Century: A Study in Cultural History, Volume IV: Commentaries and Recapitulations

15777:

Java in the 14th Century: A Study in Cultural History, Volume IV: Commentaries and Recapitulations

15720: 7825:

14th-century gold armlets and rings in East Javanese Majapahit style, found at Fort Canning Hill,

5044:(30 feet 7 inches). In addition, all types of squash and vegetables are there, just a shortage of 4428:

Bas reliefs of Tegowangi temple, dated from Majapahit period, demonstrate the East Javanese style.

4232:

or high priest, who is also known as śiddharesi or dewaguru; hence the education centre is called

3526:

An armored horse rider, two armored warriors, and a noble figure. From Penataran temple, ca. 1347.

20917: 20606: 20412: 20293: 19834: 19787: 19730: 19429: 19373: 19121: 18732: 18727: 18622: 16410: 15245:"Giovanni de' Marignolli: An Italian Prelate at the Court of the South-East Asian Queen of Sheba" 14657: 12949:

during the formation of Majapahit seems to be popular news being retold in Java over generations.

12946: 12540:. This film recounts the love story between Gusti Putri Retno Dumilah, a Majapahit princess, and 10651: 10368:

In weaponry, the Majapahit expansion is believed to be responsible for the widespread use of the

10221: 10114: 10011: 9981: 9917: 9827: 9407: 9166: 9141: 8891: 7084: 6942: 3441: 2622: 2553: 2238: 2226: 712: 472: 21004: 17744:

Java in the 14th Century: A Study in Cultural History, Volume I: Javanese Texts in Transcription

15427:"A Chinese Gazetteer of Foreign Lands: A new translation of Part 1 of the Zhufan zhi 諸蕃志 (1225)" 7468:

listed among horse suppliers to China. During the Majapahit period, the quantity and quality of

5404:

There is also the board of advisors which consists of the elders within the royal family called

2800:, but challenges to Majapahit's claim to overlordship in outer islands drew forceful responses. 21252: 21061: 20654: 20434: 20335: 20330: 20018: 19966: 19886: 19819: 19723: 19708: 19601: 19368: 19322: 19163: 19050: 18852: 18827: 18742: 18722: 18672: 18642: 18632: 18519: 17184: 13356: 10247: 9557: 9527: 8828: 8676: 8602: 8562: 4675:

parts of stepped sections formed a combined roof structure curved upward smoothly creating the

4618: 3718:

carved with a depiction of human or demon, the carving works are exquisite and skilfully made.

3305: 3206: 2753: 17888: 15953: 15645: 15643: 15188: 14870: 12817:(canto 4 stanza 66). It is sometimes also written backwards as Tiktawilwa, for example in the 10258:

heavily influenced the architecture of Java and Bali in the later period. The Majapahit style

7529:

Majapahit had a naval troops that was distinguished from ground troop units, which was called

4504:, bas reliefs, architectural ornaments, roof pinnacles, floor tiles, to pipes and roof tiles. 2375:

captured, jailed for his stratagems and then sentenced to death. Wijaya himself died in 1309.

21402: 21347: 21247: 20937: 20912: 20365: 20325: 20138: 20013: 19077: 19067: 19026: 18997: 18938: 18817: 18812: 18692: 18283: 18236: 17559: 17548: 15907:

Bankoff, Greg; Swart, Sandra (2007). "1. Breeds of Empire and the 'Invention' of the Horse".

15363:

Sutasoma: The Ancient Tale of a Buddha-Prince from 14th Century Java by the Poet Mpu Tantular

13272: 13130: 12758: 10471: 9817: 9334: 9046: 8788: 7972: 7740: 6992:(1357). Chariots were carved at the Penataran Temple, seemingly modeled from the real world. 5780:(1447) written during the reign of Dyah Kertawijaya (formally King Wijayaparakramawardhana). 5352: 4876: 4825: 4477: 3859: 2383: 2149: 1469: 1196: 661: 20253: 13611:

Historic East Java: Remains in Stone, Indonesian 50th independence day commemorative edition

13032:

in Java seems to refer to a long shield which is quite heavy, probably with protruding ends.

10600:, the royal family of Singhasari and Majapahit. Rulers are highlighted with period of reign. 10494:

temple dated from the Majapahit era. The notable statue of Garuda is the statue of the king

10329:

to the era of Majapahit kings has profoundly influenced and shaped the Balinese culture and

10278:

pavilion have become ubiquitous in Javanese and Balinese architectural features, as seen in

10176:

Several Javanese legends were originated or become popular during the Majapahit period. The

10157:, as it would be unsustainable and only bring misery to the couple. In Malay Peninsula, the 7947: 4893:, which was written ca. 1339 CE, mentioned about Java's wealth and prosperity of the period: 4488:

Clay pottery and brick masonry are a popular feature in Majapahit art and architecture. The

2243: 1836: 21294: 20979: 20669: 20664: 20581: 20458: 20288: 20258: 20133: 20064: 20035: 19954: 19288: 19126: 19116: 18882: 18832: 18787: 18767: 18757: 18657: 18536: 18526: 18399: 18381: 18318: 18246: 18216: 18106: 18081: 18071: 16961:

Manguin, Pierre-Yves (September 1980). "The Southeast Asian Ship: An Historical Approach".

12424:

Theatrical performance depicting the Mongol invasion of Java, performed by 150 students of

10765: 10449: 10251: 10162: 10138: 9447: 9372: 9251: 9151: 8921: 8666: 8374: 8033: 7929: 7834: 7713: 7697: 7037: 7008: 6979: 6850: 6314: 6306: 6258: 6203: 5220: 4676: 4489: 4419: 4347: 4326: 3908: 3548:, and many other precious spices. It hath also very great store of all victuals save wine. 3194: 3039: 2934: 2042: 1497: 1260: 1223: 1176: 1106: 1076: 1046: 1016: 633: 20238: 12589: 12573: 10325:

is considered one of Majapahit's legacy. The Javanese Hindu civilisation since the era of

10228:. It was probably during this period that some of the Javanese cultural elements, such as 6716:

In later period, Majapahit's hold on its overseas possessions began to wane. According to

6100:

The extent of Majapahit's influence under Hayam Wuruk in 1365 according to Nagarakretagama

4361:

This quotation comes from Sutasoma canto 139, stanza 5. The full stanza reads as follows:

3456:

A relief from Trowulan, showing several walled compounds and a larger wall to their north.

1936:

records a legend linked to the establishment of a new settlement in the forest of Trik by

1867: 1846:

fruit growing near Trowulan. The bitter-tasting fruit is the origin of the kingdom's name.

8: 21257: 20957: 20705: 20684: 20674: 20621: 20150: 20030: 19996: 19898: 19718: 19713: 19525: 19244: 19180: 19055: 19040: 18912: 18857: 18772: 18752: 18637: 18627: 18583: 18531: 18485: 18323: 18313: 18308: 18273: 18226: 17032: 16692:

Pferde in Asien: Geschichte, Handel und Kultur/Horses in Asia: History, Trade and Culture

16558:郑和下西洋资料汇编 (A Compilation of Materials on Zheng He's Voyages to the West) Volume 2, Part 1 10322: 10279: 10189: 8798: 8492: 8010: 7960: 7781:

Duarte Barbosa mention places and route which the Majapahit ships visited, which include

6793: 6667: 6278: 5178: 4517: 4245: 3471: 3465: 3421: 3381: 2677:

included his advisor Aria Megatsari, general Tumenggung Tatah Jiwa, minister Wiramartas,

2441: 2370:, Sora, and Nambi rebelled against him, though unsuccessfully. It was suspected that the 2109:, but includes a number of shorter narrative fragments about the formation of Majapahit. 1909: 1315: 1280: 1146: 1066: 936: 19866: 19856: 17898: 17810:

Java in the 14th Century: A Study in Cultural History, Volume V: Glossary, General Index

10532:, Indonesia's first telecommunication satellite launched on 9 July 1976 was named after 7514: 7485: 6996:

were used mainly for transport, or as a mount for nobility and soldiers of higher rank.

5158: 4500:. The artefacts range from human and animal figurines, jars, vessels, water containers, 3030:

against the declining Khmer Empire, supporting and installing allied factions in India,

1944:

trees and consumed their bitter-tasting fruit which then gave its name to the village.

21327: 20989: 20263: 20243: 20226: 20177: 20042: 19851: 19802: 19735: 19653: 19594: 19589: 19584: 19540: 19510: 19402: 19300: 19168: 19143: 18902: 18837: 18802: 18737: 18717: 18707: 18667: 18652: 18647: 18559: 18551: 18541: 18366: 18351: 18231: 18101: 18030: 17975: 16986: 16978: 16947:. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama. An Indonesian translation of Lombard, Denys (1990). 16923: 16804: 16731:"The Whale in Old Javanese kakawin: timiṅgila, 'elephant fish', and lĕmbwara revisited" 16191: 16054:

Sejarah Melayu The Malay Annals MS RAFFLES No. 18 Edisi Rumi Baru/New Romanised Edition

16015: 15702: 15088: 14833:

Sejarah Melayu The Malay Annals MS RAFFLES No. 18 Edisi Rumi Baru/New Romanised Edition

14704:

Manguin, Pierre-Yves; Nicholl, Robert (1985). "The Introduction of Islam into Champa".

14577:. Indonesian Heritage Series. Vol. 1. Archipelago Press / Editions Didier Millet. 14418: 14251:

Of Palm Wine, Women and War: The Mongolian Naval Expedition to Java in the 13th Century

13721: 13713: 12728: 12718: 12545: 10896: 10243: 10033: 8716: 8636: 8452: 8384: 8230: 8096: 7956: 7907: 7894: 7622: 6591: 6503: 6380: 6270: 6171: 6119: 4770:

dated from the earlier period but renovated and expanded during Majapahit era, such as

4749: 4541: 4332: 4278: 3995: 3893: 3301: 3256: 3241: 3063: 2829: 2730: 2692: 2136:

The Chinese historical sources on Majapahit mainly acquired from the chronicles of the

2093:, as well as detailed information about the East Javanese countryside and a summary of 2089:, it provides a primary historical account of Majapahit court during the reign of King 2002: 1520: 1505: 1166: 1136: 1056: 976: 809: 17407: 13585: 12615:

appeared as one of the leaders of a great civilisation in the second expansion of the

10575: 10423: 10149:

tragedy caused a myth to revolve around Indonesians, which forbids marriage between a

7696:

During the Majapahit era, Nusantaran exploration reached its greatest accomplishment.

7688:

engraving as the basis for reconstructing the Majapahit ship is wrong and misleading.

3220:

Dates for the end of the Majapahit Empire range from 1478, traditionally described in

2556:) in the 13th century, its decline and its eventual fall in the early 16th century to 644: 20679: 20372: 20268: 20204: 20199: 20128: 20025: 19740: 19668: 19663: 19505: 19434: 19417: 19412: 19407: 19207: 19158: 18967: 18862: 18822: 18797: 18777: 18712: 18687: 18677: 18662: 18404: 18341: 18221: 18201: 18160: 18091: 18086: 17868: 17832: 17813: 17794: 17775: 17756: 17728: 17691: 17673: 17563: 17436: 17311: 17284: 17150: 16990: 16927: 16827: 16808: 16796: 16757: 16709: 16654: 16602: 16576: 16536: 16512: 16338: 16216: 16195: 16116: 16022: 15979: 15912: 15823: 15780: 15694: 15651: 15501: 15471: 15367: 15321: 15264: 15095: 15013: 14965: 14959: 14876: 14803: 14666: 14623: 14578: 14520: 14495: 14422: 14410: 14230: 14131: 14077: 14067: 14007: 13924: 13896: 13797: 13725: 13589: 13408: 13278: 13196: 13186: 12753: 12652: 12569: 12504:

to Java. The story took place near the end of the Majapahit era and the formation of

11161: 10556: 10393: 10291: 10283: 10016: 9056: 8931: 8321: 8311: 8210: 7941: 6651: 6227: 5170: 4513: 4163: 4159: 3883: 3348: 3198: 2923: 2919: 2388: 2348: 1888: 1883:, an Indonesian tree. Majapahit is also referred to by the Sanskrit-derived synonym 1859: 1717: 1680: 1355: 1335: 1116: 1006: 996: 956: 691: 34: 17145: 16901: 16508:重审中国的"近代"：在思想与社会之间 (Reexamining China's "Modern Times": Between Thought and Society) 13997: 13471:

Indonesia's History Between the Myths: Essays in Legal History and Historical Theory

13226: 10356: 10250:

and palace compounds of today. The Majapahit architectural style that often employs

7901:

Majapahit overlordship upon Malay states of Sumatra was demonstrated by the rule of

4158:, the god combination of Shiva and Vishnu, in his mortuary temple in Candi Simping. 2366:

The new kingdom faced challenges. Some of Kertarajasa's most trusted men, including

2180:) provide supporting evidence for specific events in Majapahit history, such as the 20221: 20008: 20003: 19959: 19946: 19876: 19844: 19839: 19703: 19698: 19680: 19641: 19574: 19557: 19498: 19488: 19483: 19424: 19380: 19350: 19310: 19293: 19276: 19239: 18990: 18782: 18747: 18702: 18697: 18606: 18564: 18293: 18196: 18066: 18000: 17140: 16970: 16913: 16786: 16437:

Berg, Kindung Sundāyana (Kidung Sunda C), Soerakarta, Drukkerij "De Bliksem", 1928.

16183: 15684: 15534: 15256: 15200: 15146: 14405: 14400: 14040: 13705: 13157: 12763: 12704: 12593: 12477: 10976: 10886: 10544: 10487: 10342: 10150: 10028: 10006: 9547: 9397: 9201: 8848: 8758: 8706: 8572: 8417: 8331: 8220: 8167: 7951:

On centre bottom row (no. 8) is a Yǒng-Lè Tōng-Bǎo (永樂通寶) cash coin cast under the

7786: 7370: 6694: 6559: 6392: 6345: 5808: 5558: 4353: 4035: 3958: 3888: 3187: 3092: 3026: 3010: 2992: 2946: 2688: 2610: 1994: 1821: 1639: 1515: 1270: 1096: 1086: 779: 17053:[Majapahit Ship Replica, A Replica to Destroy the History of the Nation]. 16097:

Southeast Asia in the Age of Commerce, 1450-1680. Volume Two: Expansion and Crisis

15226:

Cathay and the way thither: Being a Collection of Medieval Notices of China vol. 1

15151: 15134: 13161: 7920:

In Sumatran front, Majapahit did capture Palembang, Jambi and Dharmasraya, invade

3205:

were given to Malacca as a dowry for the marriage of a Majapahit princess and the

21299: 20439: 20407: 20280: 20248: 20231: 20187: 20182: 20160: 20155: 20113: 20106: 20081: 19941: 19936: 19777: 19658: 19552: 19547: 19515: 19340: 19330: 19224: 19217: 19212: 19197: 19153: 19035: 19021: 18278: 18211: 18206: 18076: 18025: 18015: 17915: 17905: 16918: 16860: 16826:. Vol. 42 (NIAS studies in Asian topics). Copenhagen: NIAS. pp. 51–64. 16210: 16110: 15866: 15747:"Mandala: from sacred origins to sovereign affairs in traditional Southeast Asia" 15647:

Sejarah Nasional Indonesia: Zaman Kuno – Volume 2 dari Sejarah Nasional Indonesia

15495: 14988: 14351: 14001: 13890: 13793: 13787: 13178:

Southeast Asia: a historical encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor (3 vols)

12967: 12959: 12848: 12820: 12806: 12787: 12713: 12627: 12620: 12505: 11748: 10753: 10739: 10580: 10483: 10417: 10385: 10350: 10338: 10330: 10310: 10154: 10146: 10052: 9537: 9417: 9191: 9091: 8656: 8361: 8351: 8298: 8275: 7984: 7937: 7876: 7854: 7768: 7721: 7669: 7626: 7415:

Reliefs at the main temple of the Penataran temple complex, 1269 saka or 1347 CE.

7355: 7349: 7249: 7128: 7016: 6989: 6952: 6872: 6551: 6543: 6527: 6519: 6400: 6195: 6123: 5754: 5413: 5318: 5230: 4771: 4298: 4290: 4113: 4024: 4000: 3963: 3921: 3796: 3792: 3588:. He describes his travel to Majapahit capital, first, he arrived at the port of 3585: 3568: 3512: 3352: 3282: 3267: 3075: 3047: 2972: 2907: 2849: 2785: 2742: 2719: 2665: 2582: 2573: 2557: 2396: 2340: 2158: 2056: 2038: 1870: 1779: 1734: 1510: 1251: 1126: 1026: 986: 819: 601: 521: 448: 284: 81: 63: 19861: 16943: 15933: 15911:. Vol. 42 (NIAS studies in Asian topics). Copenhagen: NIAS. pp. 1–20. 14912:"History of Indian Ocean shows how old rivalries can trigger rise of new forces" 10337:

was the successor of Majapahit. Large numbers of Majapahit manuscripts, such as

7389:

Tomé Pires' 1513 account tells the army of Gusti Pati (Patih Udara), viceroy of

6900: 6621:

rulers to send a tribute, without any intention to submit to Majapahit's order.

4889: 4396:(Chola — Coromandel/Southern India) letters. There is no paper or pen, they use 4320:(poets) to worship the king of the gods whose incarnation the king represented. 2937:

was established, and it promptly attracted a Majapahit navy that regarded it as

1940:

in 1292. It was said that the workers clearing the Trik forest encountered some

20478: 20382: 20377: 20340: 20315: 20298: 20209: 20194: 20165: 20123: 19971: 19931: 19926: 19881: 19807: 19767: 19757: 19747: 19562: 19441: 19335: 19202: 19084: 18502: 18470: 18462: 18394: 18186: 18145: 18020: 18005: 17985: 17847: 17772:

Java in the 14th Century: A Study in Cultural History, Volume III: Translations

17239:

Cartas de Affonso de Albuquerque, Seguidas de Documentos que as Elucidam tomo I

16153:

Averoes, Muhammad (2020). Antara Cerita dan Sejarah: Meriam Cetbang Majapahit.

15971: 15244: 15114:

M. B. Rahimsyah. Legenda dan Sejarah Lengkap Walisongo. (Amanah, Surabaya, tth)

14570: 14059: 12616: 10613: 10597: 10444: 10217: 10177: 8778: 8626: 8622: 8542: 8482: 8341: 7952: 7846: 7782: 7764: 7744: 7681: 7618: 7603: 7599: 7336:, armed with gold-layered spear, and with a shield full of diamond decoration. 7139: 6587: 6575: 6424: 6364: 6357: 6282: 6211: 6167: 5428: 5386: 5137: 5091: 4766: 4282: 4262: 4258: 4171: 4094:

were all practised: the king was regarded as the incarnation of the three. The

2812: 2804: 2777: 2657: 2598: 2506:

as the prime minister in 1336. During his inauguration Gajah Mada declared his

2202: 1879: 1842: 1748: 1186: 1156: 1036: 859: 789: 17129:"A sixteenth century Portuguese report concerning an early Javanese world map" 17107:"Perahu-Perahu Tradisional Nusantara: Suatu Tinjauan Perkapalan dan Pelayaran" 16974: 16086:. Paris: Editions de l'Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales. Page 178. 15689: 15672: 15260: 13578: 12623:, although in the game the empire is known as the "Indonesian empire" instead. 7587:

by the activity of the group of 'mantri jaladhi' who were numerous, glorious.

3025:

These massive Chinese voyages were not merely a naval exploration, but also a

21321: 21306: 20463: 20350: 20145: 20118: 20091: 20069: 20047: 19814: 19797: 19782: 19626: 19579: 19567: 19493: 19385: 19259: 19254: 19229: 19111: 18961: 18045: 17980: 17923: 17210: 17154: 17026: 16800: 16335:

Hikayat Majapahit - Kebangkitan dan Keruntuhan Kerajaan Terbesar di Nusantara

16039: 15698: 15268: 15082: 14414: 14081: 13200: 12856: 12467: 10786: 10716: 10695: 10374: 10361: 10206: 10122: 9657: 9362: 8911: 8522: 8472: 8197: 7880: 7802: 7630: 7319: 7303: 7229: 7000: 6888: 6567: 6384: 6318: 6294: 6115: 5440:

Majapahit recognise the hierarchy classifications of lands within its realm:

5001: 4274: 4248: 3953: 3916: 3826: 3532: 3336: 3210: 3179: 2711: 2707: 2630: 2594: 2218: 1744: 839: 185: 19891: 19871: 16187: 15538: 10439:, have invoked the Majapahit Empire. Indonesian founding fathers—especially 7169:

numbered forty, men carrying shield and swords numbered forty, men carrying

5436:) in eastern and central parts of Java, including islands of Madura and Bali 4700: 3814: 3795:, a suicide ritual by widowed wives, concubines or female servants, through 3119:(reign 1429–1447), discovered at Jebuk, Kalangbret, Tulungagung, East Java, 1784:

written in 1365, Majapahit was an empire of 98 tributaries, stretching from

20355: 20096: 20086: 20052: 19981: 19976: 19903: 19693: 19675: 19636: 19631: 19611: 19606: 19478: 19471: 19461: 19456: 19451: 19345: 19283: 19264: 19249: 19185: 18389: 18050: 17893: 17521:"Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, masterpiece of Mpu Tantular, Antara (in Indonesian)" 17307:

Non-Western International Relations Theory: Perspectives On and Beyond Asia

16694:. Vienna, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften: 161-177. 16244: 15644:

Marwati Djoened Poesponegoro; Soejono (R. P.); Richard Z. Leirissa (2008).

15204: 15009:

A History of Modern Indonesia Since c. 1200 Fourth Edition (E-Book version)

14929: 14045: 12743: 12733: 12515: 11145: 10770: 10712: 10659: 10639: 10454: 10401: 10334: 10260: 10225: 10158: 9111: 9036: 8941: 8838: 8646: 7968: 7902: 7890: 7850: 7760: 7743:

conquered Malacca (1511), the Portuguese recovered a chart from a Javanese

7595: 7474: 7345: 7324: 7177:

numbered ten, men carrying bows and arrows numbered ten, (men) who carried

7096: 6993: 6846: 6683: 6644: 6571: 6523: 6511: 6495: 6487: 6452: 6444: 6388: 6353: 6342: 6274: 6254: 5716: 5666: 5244: 5154: 5116: 4909:

is harvested twice a year, and its grain is small. They also harvest white

4864: 4836: 4798: 4585: 4463: 4446: 4310: 4266: 4194: 4151: 4132: 3948: 3867: 3749: 3738: 3202: 3035: 3006: 2927: 2825: 2816: 2724: 2634: 2526: 2336: 2295:

winds home; otherwise, they would have had to wait for another six months.

2271: 2248: 2141: 2137: 2086: 2075: 2016: 1961: 1937: 829: 759: 722: 204: 112: 15894:

Literary Representations of War and Warfare in Old Javanese Kakawin Poetry

15359: 15313: 14061: 13533:

Pararaton (Ken Arok) of het boek der Koningen van tumapel en van Majapahit

10435:

Modern Indonesian nationalists, including those of the early 20th-century

7893:, a senior minister of Majapahit depicted as Bhairava. He established the 7069: 5776:

List of Majapahit provinces administered by the king's relatives based on

3461:

The first European record about Majapahit came from the travel log of the

3304:

help in Malacca, forcing Demak to attack both Malacca and Majapahit under

2910:. Hayam Wuruk also had a son from his previous marriage, the crown prince 2054:

Two important chronicle sources are available to historians of Majapahit:

21277: 20074: 20059: 19908: 19621: 19530: 19520: 19446: 19094: 19089: 18971: 18303: 18298: 18191: 18135: 16791: 16778: 14729:

Notes on the Malay Archipelago and Malacca, Compiled from Chinese Sources

13096: 12487: 12451: 12441: 11553: 10957: 10837: 10774: 10728: 10655: 10533: 10491: 10397: 10378: 10181: 8043: 7983:

Majapahit ultimate nemesis, however, was located very close at home; the

7911: 7863: 7790: 7733: 7341: 7313: 6858: 6854: 6579: 6563: 6479: 6471: 6290: 6266: 6231: 6223: 5527: 5270: 5240: 4997: 4958: 4942: 4856: 4852: 4840: 4780: 4758: 4433: 4302: 4270: 4143: 4091: 4076: 3484: 3290: 3252: 3158: 2942: 2889: 2564: 2552:

Rough estimations of Majapahit's conquest of the Indonesian archipelago (

2532: 2507: 2488: 2458: 2356: 2308: 2259: 2251: 2210: 2090: 2082: 1817: 1813: 1771: 946: 869: 671: 579: 574: 317: 251: 16982: 15706: 15619:"Hukum Pidana Era Majapahit: Dari Menebang Pohon hingga Korupsi Menteri" 10773:(1405–1406), Wikramawardhana defeating Bhre Wirabhumi. Campaign against 10089: 7886: 7633:

king and the royal family arrived in Majapahit after sailing across the

7048: 5059: 4208:

religious elites, or in a centre for religious teaching which resembles

3810:, an art of story-telling that has survived for many centuries in Java. 2144:. The Chinese accounts on Majapahit are mainly owed to the Ming admiral 1828:

modern territory of Indonesia and has been the subject of many studies.

21282: 20101: 19918: 19792: 19752: 19685: 18419: 18346: 18265: 18035: 17378:"Two Brunei Bay Legends, Tales about Lumut Lunting and Pilong-Pilongan" 17351:"Tragedi Perang Bubat dan mitos orang Jawa dilarang kawin dengan Sunda" 14200: 13717: 13626:"Menyusuri Majapahit dengan Panduan Peta National Geographic Indonesia" 12888: 12683: 12657: 12612: 12565: 12420: 11335: 11137: 10674: 10605: 10571: 10552: 10299: 10185: 10170: 9667: 8808: 8582: 8532: 8187: 8142: 8083: 7955:(永樂帝) of Ming dynasty. These were cast in great quantities and used by 7859: 7645: 7406: 7280: 7156: 7092: 6957: 6822: 6802: 6772: 6610: 6408: 6302: 5968: 5913: 5892: 5850: 5758: 5684: 5648: 5630: 5594: 5417: 5310: 5133: 5067: 5064: 5017: 5013: 4930: 4922: 4860: 4754: 4735:

temple near Paiton, Probolinggo, East Java, dated from Majapahit period

4612: 4501: 4493: 4306: 4182: 4167: 3968: 3580:

describes the culture, customs, various social and economic aspects of

3560: 3332: 3229: 3151: 3147: 3001:

The route of the voyages of Zheng He's fleet, including Majapahit ports

2976: 2964: 2958: 2862: 2773: 2661: 2653: 2638: 2602: 2568: 2518: 2503: 2416: 2412: 2360: 2303: 2206: 2181: 2124: 2106: 2094: 1789: 1775: 889: 508: 221: 146: 17242:(pp. 29–65). Lisboa: Typographia da Academia Real das Sciencas. p. 64. 15957:. Batavia: Kon. Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen ( 10129: 6678:). The relationship between Majapahit and these territories is called 4610:

leaves). Every family has a storage shed made of bricks, about 3 or 4

3636:

dagger), walking barefoot. When travelling outside, the king rides an

2749: 2548: 2475: 2176:) during Majapahit period. The Veritable Records of the Ming Dynasty ( 19991: 19762: 19646: 19397: 19271: 19062: 18170: 18040: 17995: 17705:

Muljana, Raden Benedictus Slamet (2005). Al-Fayyadl, Muhammad (ed.).

17585:"Pura Kawitan Majapahit: Tribute to an empire that inspires a nation" 17051:"Replika Kapal Majapahit, Replika Untuk Menghancurkan Sejarah Bangsa" 16491:

A Descriptive Dictionary of the Indian Islands and Adjacent Countries

16468:

Chinese explorations of the Indian Ocean during the fifteenth century

15869:

from Direktorat Jenderal Sejarah dan Purbakala. Friday, 22 June 2007.

15721:"[Bronze statues from Nganjuk] OD-3577 | Digital Collections" 12852: 12748: 12592:. The novel virtually takes the same context and was inspired by the 12557: 12541: 12463: 12428:. The history of Majapahit continues to inspire contemporary artists. 10514: 10495: 10479: 10431:

has become the source of Indonesian national pride of past greatness.

10409: 10346: 10326: 10295: 10270: 10255: 10142: 8612: 8592: 8240: 8107: 7842: 7826: 7810: 7717: 7685: 7677: 7545:

Then 'Anyabhumi' everywhere were all united in the Javanese kingdom,

7469: 7253: 7124: 7120: 7080: 6868: 6842: 6782: 6745: 6690: 6640: 6463: 6440: 6428: 6416: 6310: 6262: 6250: 6179: 6026: 5800: 5737: 5550: 5075: 4993: 4792: 4726: 4685: 4607: 4570: 4458: 4438: 4229: 4201: 4117: 3830: 3765: 3726: 3597: 3508: 3492: 3401: 3328: 3278: 3059: 3055: 3031: 2820: 2808: 2793: 2736: 2495: 2344: 2062: 2026: 1932: 1927: 1797: 1793: 1756: 849: 799: 702: 554: 549: 99: 17236:

Carta IX, 1 April 1512. In Pato, Raymundo Antonio de Bulhão (1884).

17165: 16951:. Paris: Éditions de l'École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales. 15954:

Rangga Lawe: Middeljavaansche Historische Roman: Critisch uitgegeven

15584: 14492:

Early Kingdoms of the Indonesian Archipelago and the Malay Peninsula

13709: 7676:

are also used. Modern depictions of the Majapahit navy often depict

7212:

A relief showing scale armor, probably from Penataran temple complex

6871:, which only ceased to be under Majapahit suzerainty when seized by 6647:, and also Majapahit's neighbouring mandalas; Ayutthaya and Champa. 5209: 4520:

means both "savings" and "piggy bank". It was derived from the word

3600:

and Chou Chang. Then he sailed east to thriving new trading town of

2282:, which was taken from the name of a fruit that had a bitter taste ( 19392: 19175: 19133: 19072: 18575: 18437: 18432: 18333: 18165: 17990: 16730: 13182: 13075: 12800: 12533: 10891: 10869: 10854: 10825: 10810: 10795: 10759: 10734: 10704: 10679: 10645: 10609: 10520: 10197: 10109: 10097: 8056: 7976: 7867: 7806: 7776:— Letter of Albuquerque to King Manuel I of Portugal, 1 April 1512. 7748: 7706: 7673: 7665: 7657: 7634: 6962: 6812: 6753: 6749: 6675: 6671: 6659: 6535: 6475: 6412: 6245:

are mentioned, and some possibly correspond to contemporary areas:

6207: 6127: 6111: 6096: 5871: 5804: 5612: 5554: 5394: 5174: 5166: 5150: 5101: 5096: 5071: 5029: 4681: 4497: 4294: 4205: 4190: 4186: 4155: 4139: 4128: 4109: 4105: 4087: 4083: 3769: 3672:

A silver-alloyed gold mask from East Java, Indonesia, 14th century.

3637: 3620:(Changgu). Continued travel by land to the southwest he arrived in 3613: 3573: 3516: 3500: 3405: 3385: 3364: 3324: 3237: 3135: 3131: 3126:

Wikramawardhana ruled until 1429 and was succeeded by his daughter

3100: 3088: 3014: 2968: 2878: 2874: 2792:

form. The direct administration of Majapahit did not extend beyond

2606: 2590: 2537: 2449: 2312: 2275: 2198: 2145: 2102: 1990: 1972: 1923: 1809: 1801: 1741: 1737: 1729: 1701: 681: 569: 559: 178: 141: 135: 131: 117: 95: 17280:

The Politics of Indonesia-Malaysia Relations: One Kin, Two Nations

15572: 15284:"Agama Gajah Mada dan Majapahit yang Sebenarnya Akhirnya Diungkap" 10169:, the folk legend of Lumut Lunting and Pilong-Pilongan islands in 5447: 5198: 4606:

According to Ma Huan, the houses of commoners had thatched roofs (

4481:

Pair of door guardians from a temple, Eastern Java, 14th century,

3733:

leaves, and white chalk made from ground mussels shells. They eat

3042:

as a rival and counter-weight to the Majapahit influence of Java.

2521:, Majapahit sent its armada to conquer the neighbouring island of 2033: 19305: 19234: 19190: 19045: 18442: 18140: 18120: 17650: 17025:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

16038:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

15081:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

14723: 14721: 14719: 14104:"Misteri pemberontakan Ra Kuti hingga wajah asli sang Gajah Mada" 13875: 12679: 10592: 10574:, the Indonesian Minister of Culture and Tourism stated that the 10560: 10440: 10427:

The high reliefs of Gajah Mada and Majapahit history depicted in

10364:, one of the oldest surviving kris, is dated to Majapahit period. 10314: 10287: 10234: 10229: 10100:, Bali, demonstrate the typical Majapahit red brick architecture. 7932:, as its rebellious colony, and thus deal with them accordingly. 7925: 7830: 7798: 7756: 7725: 7661: 7649: 7394: 7375: 7245: 7225: 7100: 7062: 6984: 6798: 6788: 6436: 6372: 6337:. Also listed are the states of Tanjungnegara (believed to be on 6330: 6242: 6183: 6175: 5129: 5083: 4989: 4962: 4934: 4926: 4868: 4709: 4450: 4253: 3761: 3577: 3476: 3376: 3368: 3070: 2945:, fled to the west coast of the Malay Peninsula to establish the 2938: 2897:

means there were Muslim people in close relation with the court.

2865:, and eastern Indonesia, over which authority was claimed in the 2840: 2781: 2769: 2715: 2642: 2618: 2578: 2543: 2480: 2352: 2292: 2153: 1785: 769: 162: 19106: 16243:. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Can be accessed online at 10686:

Kuti rebellion (1319). Jayanagara assassination by Tanca (1328)

7523:

Soldiers and equipments depicted in the main temple of Penataran

7456:

Troops consisting of war chariots, spearmen, and a war elephant.

4170:

are known as Buddhists. Gayatri later posthumously portrayed as

4120:

possibly still exist and practised in peripheral rural regions.

3697: 3285:

was the earliest Islamic polity in Java that replaced Majapahit.

2400: 19138: 19013: 18452: 18447: 18155: 16754:

China's Seaborne Trade with South and Southeast Asia, 1200-1750

12963: 12497: 12459: 12455: 11973: 10789: 10540: 10529: 10503: 10499: 10475: 10389: 10201: 10193: 10166: 9181: 8818: 8177: 7967:

Majapahit true rival for domination, however, was the powerful

7794: 7729: 7653: 7297: 7291: 7161: 7108: 6778: 6709: 6663: 6632:, were within the sphere of influence of the Majapahit empire. 6601: 6547: 6531: 6515: 6507: 6459: 6432: 6404: 6376: 6363:

In Nagarakretagama Canto 14 more lands are noted: Kadandangan,

6349: 6338: 6326: 6322: 6286: 6199: 6155: 6022: 5733: 5323: 5281: 5162: 4985: 4966: 4954: 4950: 4914: 4910: 4762: 4732: 4525: 4471: 4442: 4209: 3835: 3805: 3777: 3757: 3657: 3605: 3596:) where he saw large numbers of Chinese settlers migrated from 3545: 3504: 3496: 3371:(March–April) when representatives from all territories paying 3127: 3116: 3018: 2885: 2870: 2858: 2789: 2586: 2511: 2510:, revealing his plan to expand Majapahit realm and building an 2324: 2320: 2214: 2120: 2085:, after which some events are covered narratively. Composed by 2078: 1805: 879: 564: 305: 17408:"Learn the History Behind Gamelan, Indonesian Music and Dance" 14716: 13836:"Ying-yai Sheng-lan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores" 13553:(in Indonesian). National Geographic Indonesia. Archived from 13298:

Majapahit Overseas Empire, Digital Atlas of Indonesian History

13144:

Sastrawan, Wayan Jarrah (2020). "How to read a chronicle: The

10899:(1478), Girindrawardhana defeated Kertabhumi, Trowulan raided 19772: 18427: 18361: 18288: 18150: 15168:

Poesponegoro, Marwati Djoened; Notosusanto, Nugroho (2019) .

14156:"Gajah Mada dan Kontroversi Dalang Pembunuhan Raja Majapahit" 13092: 12974: 12501: 7559:

obey every command of the king. All are faithful in attitude,

7363: 7359: 7012: 6864: 6655: 6595: 6555: 6539: 6483: 6448: 6420: 6396: 6334: 6298: 6246: 5361:, the officials of laws, state laws as well as religious laws 5306: 5302: 5277: 5045: 4974: 4946: 4918: 4744: 4689: 4424: 4341: 4147: 4099: 4072: 3773: 3730: 3715: 3711: 3593: 3541: 3488: 3462: 3340: 3214: 3096: 3083: 3051: 2819:. He invited China to resume the tributary system, just like 2668:. His claim, however, is not backed by historical background. 2648: 2614: 2392: 2316: 749: 156: 16538:

Xingcha Shenglan (星槎勝覽, The Overall Survey of the Star Raft)

16387: 16363: 14706:

Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society

14539: 14368: 14296:

Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society

14183:"Goda Istri Orang, Raja Jayanegara Dibunuh Tabib (Bagian-2)" 13535:(in Dutch and Javanese). Albrecht & Rusche / M. Nijhoff. 6974:

The army of Majapahit was divided into 2 main types, namely

5377:

there is the most important and the highest minister titled

4573:

temple complex, depicting walls, gates, towers, and citizens

3161:, her brother. He ruled until 1451. After Kertawijaya died, 3062:, the only suzerainty under Majapahit in Sumatra, bordering 2254:. Similar ships were sent by the Yuan in their naval armada. 18356: 17960: 17332:"Invasi Majapahit ke Pagaruyung dan Pertarungan Dua Kerbau" 17258: 17068: 16840: 16451:

Kidung Sunda. Inleiding, tekst, vertaling en aanteekeningen

16314: 16140:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 9 and 220. 16051:

Kheng, Cheah Boon; Ismail, Abdul Rahman Haji, eds. (1998).

15836: 14830:

Kheng, Cheah Boon; Ismail, Abdul Rahman Haji, eds. (1998).

14325:"Nansarunai Ditaklukkan dengan Tiga Misi Militer Majapahit" 12768: 10604:

The rulers of Majapahit was the dynastic continuity of the

10547:, an Indonesian telecommunication company, was named after 10369: 10118: 7849:(circa 10th century), the classic rivalry between Sumatran 7119:

and performed boarding actions. Loaded with scatter shots (

6879: 6499: 6491: 6467: 6368: 6159: 6151: 5053: 5049: 4978: 4970: 4906: 4492:

art also flourished in this period. Significant numbers of

4257:

poem that has been developed in Java since the 9th century

4005: 3781: 3734: 3633: 3480: 3344: 3313: 3273: 2997: 2797: 2626: 2522: 2298: 2081:

written during the Majapahit golden age under the reign of

1752: 16:

Empire based on the island of Java from 1292 to around 1500

18982: 16703: 16511:. 社会科学文献出版社 (Social Science Literature Publishing House). 14060:

Marwati Djoened Poesponegoro; Nugroho Notosusanto (2008).

13937: 13657:"Majapahit capital may be larger than previously believed" 10524:

Gajah Mada statue in front of Telecommunication Museum in

4102:, but there were certainly Muslim courtiers by this time. 3066:

on the west and independent Muslim kingdoms on the north.

15386:

Encyclopedia of world art by Bernard Samuel Myers p.35-36

14460:"Jejak Panjang Nan Sarunai, Kerajaan Purba di Kalimantan" 14382: 14380: 14203:(1916). "IV. Ibn Battuta's travels in Bengal and China". 13796:. translated by J.V.G Mills. Cambridge University Press. 13065:, which means "to attack in great numbers". Old Javanese 12486:, a radio drama and film by S Tidjab. Tutur Tinular is a 10420:

consider themselves to be the true heirs of the kingdom.

4953:, tortoiseshell, strange and rare birds; such as a large 4875:(stepped mounds) is a common megalithic structure during 4474:

discovered at Jebuk, Kalangbret, Tulungagung, East Java.

3784:) and play music. After a few days, the festivities end. 3742: 3372: 3111: 2722:, or the Pasunda Bubat tragedy, became the main theme of 16284:. Singapore: Progressive Publishing Company. p. 85. 15500:. Wijaya Words - a division of Yayasan Beringin Berapi. 15403:[Majapahit Village Wrong Design Wrong Concept]. 13584:. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. pp. 13456:

Prapantja, Rakawi, trans. by Theodore Gauthier Pigeaud,

13407:(2nd ed.). Stanford University Press / Macmillans. 4466:, the statue of Parwati believed to be the portrayal of 17812:(3rd (revised) ed.). The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. 17793:(3rd (revised) ed.). The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. 17774:(3rd (revised) ed.). The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. 17755:(3rd (revised) ed.). The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. 16869: 16375: 16351: 16241:

Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia Pusat Bahasa Edisi Keempat

16064: 15822:(3rd (revised) ed.). The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. 15779:(3rd (revised) ed.). The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. 15466:

Schoppert, P.; Damais, S. (1997). Didier Millet (ed.).

15444: 15360:

Kate O'Brien; Petrus Josephus Zoetmulder, eds. (2008).

15347:

Jurnal Arkeologi, Kementerian Pendidikan Dan Kebudayaan

15317:

Worshiping Siva and Buddha: The Temple Art of East Java

15314:

Ann R. Kinney; Marijke J. Klokke; Lydia Kieven (2003).

13518:

The Brunei Museum Journal, Volume 4, Issue 1 – Page 192

13351: 13349: 13347: 13345: 12886:

The year 1400 saka is marked among Javanese today with

6674:

on the branch of the river Menam), Campa, and Kamboja (

3408:, believed to be the entrance of an important compound. 2060:("Description of Districts") was composed 1365 and the 17746:(3rd (revised) ed.). The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. 17554:. Cambridge, Massachusetts and London: Belknap Press, 16212:

Anthony Reid and the Study of the Southeast Asian Past

15135:"Ritual and cultural reproduction in non-Islamic Java" 15041:

See also: Hasan Djafar, Girindrawardhana, 1978, p. 50.

14377: 14319: 14317: 14269:"Kejamnya Sultan Samudera Pasai dan Serbuan Majapahit" 13914: 13912: 13460:(The Hague, Martinus Nijhoff, 1962), vol. 4, p. 29. 34 7442:

Battle scene from the relief of the Krishnayana story.

7311:. Other kinds of armor used in Majapahit-era Java was 6478:, Sapi (Sape town, east end of Sumbawa island, by the 6379:), Kalka, Saludung (either Serudong River in Sabah or 4961:, ' bird hanging upside down ', five-coloured pigeon, 2986: 2424:

raised resistance forces to crush the Kuti rebellion.

1902: 1691: 15275: 14659:

Majapahit: Batas Kota dan Jejak Kejayaan di Luar Kota

14226:

The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, A.D. 1325–1354 (Volume 4)

7680:

ships, in reality, these ships were from 8th-century

6845:

in the west coast of Borneo), which according to the

5288:

provisions for his crime on killing Mahisa Anabrang.

2351:

the youngest. According to Pararaton, he also took a

2169: 17388: 15637: 15602:

Poesponegoro & Notosusanto (1990), page 451–456.

14349: 14101: 13623: 13342: 12896:" (the wealth of earth disappeared and diminished) ( 12694: 4905:, Ma Huan reported the Javanese economy and market. 4729:

gate, at Trowulan, echoed the grandeur of Majapahit.

4244:

The literature of Majapahit was the continuation of

3799:

by throwing themselves into flaming cremation fire.

2633:

in 1350. The attacking force consisted of 400 large

2470: 17707:

Menuju Puncak Kemegahan: Sejarah Kerajaan Majapahit

17488: 16215:. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. 15612: 15610: 15608: 15189:"Ritual Networks and Royal Power in Majapahit Java" 15050:

Poesponegoro & Notosusanto (1990), pp. 448–451.

14605:(2nd ed.). The Hague: M. Nijhoff. p. 412. 14314: 14149: 14147: 13921:

Menuju Puncak kemegahan: Sejarah Kerajaan Majapahit

13909: 13548: 12958:In the same fashion as traditional costumes of how 12454:by Dwi Koendoro published in the Sunday edition of 10216:Majapahit had a momentous and lasting influence on 4127:Gold figure from the Majapahit period representing 3263:since Demak rulers were descendants of Kertabhumi. 2621:islands as under the Majapahit realm of power. The 80:The extent of Majapahit influence according to the 17547: 17324: 17304:Acharya, Amitav; Buzan, Barry (22 December 2009). 13888: 13577: 13124: 13122: 13120: 13118: 10543:, the series of communication satellites owned by 10121:chronicle tell a Majapahit naval invasion against 7705:(1666 km) south of the southernmost point of 7553:amateh i sajna sang nrpati khapwa satya ring ulah, 7323:(a layer of metal worn in front of the chest). In 3700:rattle, 11th–14th century, from Malang, East Java. 3475:, he visited several places in today's Indonesia: 2847:, New York, from c. 1470–1478 Majapahit. Note the 17829:Kakawin Nagarakertagama: Teks Asli dan Terjemahan 17690:(4th ed.). London: The Macmillan Press Ltd. 17457: 16944:Nusa Jawa: Silang Budaya, Bagian 2: Jaringan Asia 16057:. Academic Art & Printing Services Sdn. Bhd. 15976:Singapore and the Silk Road of the Sea, 1300-1800 15461: 15459: 14990:Malay Annals (translated from the Malay language) 14922: 14872:From Majapahit and Sukuh to Megawati Sukarnoputri 14836:. Academic Art & Printing Services Sdn. Bhd. 14253:, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies 14053: 13521: 13244: 13227:"Majapahit empire, historical kingdom, Indonesia" 7816: 6930: 4251:Hindu-Buddhist scholarly tradition that produces 3005:During the reign of Wikramawardhana, a series of 2629:chronicle describe a Majapahit naval invasion on 2577:, canto XIII and XIV mentioned several states in 1858:to reflect Javanese pronunciation), derives from 1766:and reached its peak during the era of the queen 21319: 20508: 16309:Hikayat Bandjar. A Study in Malay Historiography 15605: 15569:Poesponegoro & Notosusanto (1990), page 220. 15553:"Uang Kuno Temuan Rohimin Peninggalan Majapahit" 15343:"Agama Dan Pendidikan Agama Pada Masa Majapahit" 15182: 15180: 14855:. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. 14852:Malay Annals: Translated from the Malay language 14266: 14144: 13833: 10563:, and the program was started in February 1975. 10478:have been found in many temples in Java such as 7858:the foreign outlook of its predecessor entity – 7567:pituwi sing ajñalanghyana dinon wiśirnna sahana, 7095:utilized gunpowder technology obtained from the 6724:. The provinces written in the inscription are: 6708:The question whether Majapahit is considered an 6317:, are noted in the west, together with Samudra ( 4774:, the largest temple in East Java dated back to 2209:became the most powerful kingdom in the region. 2045:in the National Library of Indonesia collection. 15489: 15487: 15465: 15394: 15392: 13790:(瀛涯胜览) The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 13544: 13542: 13115: 12415: 7594:The main warship of the Majapahit navy was the 6705:(different is Yawana who is a permanent ally). 6458:Also in Canto 14 are territories east of Java: 5642:husband of the duchess of Lasem, king's cousin 4879:before the adoption of Hindu-Buddhist culture. 4453:style classical paintings and Balinese wayang. 4150:or other deities. The first king of Majapahit, 3251:, who later died in battle and was replaced by 2227:sent a massive expedition of 1000 ships to Java 17953: 17348: 16906:HISTORIA: Jurnal Pendidik Dan Peneliti Sejarah 16902:"Re-Estimating the Size of Javanese Jong Ship" 16578:殊域周咨錄 (Shuyu Zhouzilu) 第八卷真臘 (Volume 8 Chenla) 16099:. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. 15456: 15309: 15307: 15305: 15012:(4th ed.). New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 14909: 14703: 14262: 14260: 14222: 14218: 14216: 13918: 13613:. Jakarta: ADLine Communications. p. 102. 13476: 13426: 13424: 13003: 13001: 12818: 12812: 12804: 10461:", written by a Majapahit poet, Mpu Tantular. 10317:pavilion, commonly found across Java and Bali. 7691: 7581:tekap ikang watek jaladhi mantry aneka suyaśa. 7579: 7565: 7551: 7539:irika tang anyabhumi sakhahemban ing Yawapuri, 7537: 7307:. There is also a kind of steel helmet called 7159:numbered forty alongside their swords and red 3115:The mortuary deified portrait statue of Queen 2544:Reign of Hayam Wuruk and Gajah Mada's conquest 28: 21343:States and territories disestablished in 1527 20494: 18998: 18591: 17939: 17482: 16821: 15768: 15401:"Kampung Majapahit Salah Desain Salah Konsep" 15177: 14905: 14903: 14901: 14899: 14868: 14615: 14223:Gibb, H.A.R.; Beckingham, C.F., eds. (1994), 13892:The Muslim world: a historical survey, Part 4 13674: 10070: 7585: 7571: 7557: 7543: 6916: 6853:for the marriage of a Majapahit princess and 4379:Bhinnêka tunggal ika tan hana dharma mangrwa. 4177:The state religion however, was possibly the 4053: 2411:Kertarajasa Wijaya was succeeded by his heir 2163: 2152:between 1405 and 1432. Zheng He's translator 1657: 20455:"Empire" as a description of foreign policy 17303: 17255:(Ithaca: Cornell University Press), 197–213. 16554: 15906: 15677:Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 15484: 15470:. Paris: Periplus Editions. pp. 33–34. 15389: 14389:"Jejak Nansarunai Dan Tantangan Globalisasi" 13539: 13430: 13398: 13396: 13394: 13392: 13390: 13253:Deśawarṇana (Nāgarakṛtagama) by Mpu Prapañca 13103:) worn by clergy, the other means armor. See 12635:downloadable content has one of its rulers, 12426:Indonesian Institute of the Arts, Yogyakarta 7866:projected his influence abroad by launching 7702:Itinerario de Ludouico de Varthema Bolognese 7621:, carrying 600–700 men, with 1200–1400 tons 7279:Bodhisattva Manjusri wielding a sword, from 5367:, the officials concerning religious affairs 4375:Mangka ng Jinatwa kalawan Siwatatwa tunggal, 4285:are continuously preserved and rewritten by 17862: 15896:(PhD thesis). The University of Queensland. 15749:. Bond University Australia. Archived from 15520: 15493: 15302: 14740: 14655: 14649: 14569: 14257: 14213: 13780: 13778: 13776: 13774: 13772: 13770: 13768: 13609:Bullough, Nigel (1995). Mujiyono PH (ed.). 13421: 13405:A history of modern Indonesia since c. 1300 13388: 13386: 13384: 13382: 13380: 13378: 13376: 13374: 13372: 13370: 13129:Sastrawan, Wayan Jarrah (20 January 2020). 12998: 10807:Kertawijaya styled Wijayaparakramawardhana 10302:, and various palaces and temples in Bali. 10133:The Majapahit style minaret of Kudus Mosque 7327:canto 2 stanza 85 it is explained that the 6222:A 1.79 kilogram, 21-karat Majapahit period 4981:, however donkeys and geese are not found. 2807:in Sumatra, in the 1370s, a Malay ruler of 21338:States and territories established in 1293 20501: 20487: 19005: 18991: 18598: 18584: 17946: 17932: 17770:Pigeaud, Theodoor Gautier Thomas (1960c). 17751:Pigeaud, Theodoor Gautier Thomas (1960b). 17742:Pigeaud, Theodoor Gautier Thomas (1960a). 17451: 16646: 16413:[The Golden Armor of Gajah Mada]. 16239:in Departemen Pendidikan Nasional (2008). 14896: 14665:(in Indonesian). Yogyakarta: Kepel Press. 14543:Sejarah Peradaban Manusia: Zaman Majapahit 14451: 14343: 14209:. London: Hakluyt Society. pp. 1–106. 13992: 13990: 13988: 13986: 13984: 13982: 13980: 13978: 13976: 13974: 13972: 13867: 13829: 13827: 13825: 13823: 13821: 13819: 13817: 13815: 13813: 13766: 13764: 13762: 13760: 13758: 13756: 13754: 13752: 13750: 13748: 13654: 10866:Suraprabhawa styled Singhawikramawardhana 10077: 10063: 7155:So came out with their ornaments men with 6923: 6909: 4060: 4046: 3436:Relief from Trowulan: Countryside, walled 3298:Malacca was captured by Portuguese in 1511 3157:In 1447, Suhita died and was succeeded by 2861:, including Sumatra, the Malay Peninsula, 2343:month in the year 1215 using the Javanese 2024:as to correct certain errors found in the 1983: 1664: 1650: 270:Tritaraju, Pager Antimun, Gagak Katawang, 74: 61: 17808:Pigeaud, Theodoor Gautier Thomas (1963). 17789:Pigeaud, Theodoor Gautier Thomas (1962). 17144: 17003:Nugroho (2011), p. 271, 399–400, quoting 16917: 16859:Muljana, Raden Benedictus Slamet (1979). 16790: 15998: 15818:Pigeaud, Theodoor Gautier Thomas (1962). 15775:Pigeaud, Theodoor Gautier Thomas (1962). 15688: 15150: 14983: 14981: 14964:. Cornell University Press. p. 276. 14961:Art in Indonesia: Continuities and Change 14778:Nugroho (2011), p. 271, 399–400, quoting 14565: 14563: 14561: 14559: 14557: 14555: 14553: 14404: 14044: 13970: 13968: 13966: 13964: 13962: 13960: 13958: 13956: 13954: 13952: 13689: 13309: 13307: 13305: 13143: 13128: 12829:s of Aceh, Banjar, Malay, Palembang, etc. 7841:For several centuries — since the era of 7837:was within Majapahit sphere of influence. 7785:, Timor, Banda, Sumatra, Malacca, China, 4692:is also a popular construction material. 4371:Bhinnêki rakwa ring apan kena parwanosen, 3240:, to 1527. The year 1478 was the year of 2718:to defend the honour of her country. The 17826: 17769: 17750: 17741: 17030: 16875: 16574: 16487: 16332: 16245:https://kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id/entri/dadap 16149: 16147: 16013: 15999:Miksic, John N.; Goh, Geok Yian (2017). 15798: 15796: 15725:digitalcollections.universiteitleiden.nl 15670: 15616: 15086: 15005: 14519:. Vol. 2 (2nd ed.). Kanisius. 14514: 14447:. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia. p. 46. 13680: 13608: 13551:"10 November, Hari Berdirinya Majapahit" 13402: 13367: 12799:Some Javanese court literature use this 12419: 10591: 10519: 10422: 10381:is also attributed to Majapahit origin. 10355: 10304: 10128: 10088: 7946: 7885: 7820: 7751:. Regarding the chart Albuquerque said: 7362:nations of West Asia, most probably the 6600: 6217: 6130:port (Surabaya) are considered parts of 6095: 5862:Singhawikramawardhana Dyah Suraprabhāwa 5427: 5423: 5330: 5316:According to the Chinese description in 5301:section, there are also rules regarding 5132:, and during Majapahit's prime numerous 5115: 5058: 4977:, poultries, and there are all types of 4830: 4815:gate with enclosed door. The example of 4476: 4423: 4346: 4309:also dated from Majapahit period. These 4122: 4071: 3521: 3277: 3274:Demak invasion and the fall of Majapahit 3110: 2996: 2834: 2748: 2647: 2547: 2474: 2382: 2302: 2299:The first king, Kertarajasa Jayawardhana 2242: 2115: 2032: 1877:element comes from the Javanese name of 1835: 20279: 17913:, adapted from Muljana, Slamet (1979). 17849:Palembang Prince or Singapore Renegade? 17807: 17788: 17722: 17713: 17704: 17667: 17491:"Nusantara Bukanlah Wilayah Majapahit?" 17489:Mahandis Y. Thamrin (11 October 2013). 17375: 17264: 17171: 17104: 17074: 17048: 16960: 16899: 16858: 16846: 16629: 16409:Nugroho, Irawan Djoko (6 August 2018). 16408: 16393: 16381: 16369: 16357: 16320: 16311:. The Hague (Bibliotheca Indonesica, 1) 16298:. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. p. 1499. 16277: 16169: 16165: 16163: 16135: 16108: 16070: 15947: 15945: 15887: 15885: 15883: 15881: 15879: 15877: 15875: 15842: 15817: 15802: 15774: 15744: 15596: 15590: 15578: 15450: 15398: 15242: 14993:, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. 14763: 14540:Y. Achadiati S.; Soeroso M. P. (1988). 14386: 14153: 14003:The Indianized states of Southeast Asia 13943: 13845:. pp. 86–97 (Country of Chao-Wa). 13810: 13784: 13745: 13527: 13500: 13482: 13473:(The Hague: W. van Hoeve, 1968), p. 21. 13266: 13264: 13262: 10618: 10559:. The name was chosen by the president 9648:1998–1999 Malaysia Nipah virus outbreak 6081: 5782: 5532: 4984:For the fruits, there are all kinds of 4871:. The stepped pyramid structure called 3197:began to gain effective control of the 2323:. Originally located at Candi Simping, 1792:; including territories in present-day 612:question marks, boxes, or other symbols 600:This article contains letters from the 21320: 17646:"History of the entire world, i guess" 17610:"Taman Majapahit Dibangun di Trowulan" 17545: 17460:"Kris, more than just a simple dagger" 17253:Southeast Asia in the Early Modern Era 17126: 17122: 17120: 17085: 17083: 17049:Nugroho, Irawan Djoko (30 July 2018). 16625: 16623: 16621: 16594: 16445: 16443: 16433: 16431: 16404: 16402: 16259:. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. p. 345. 15970: 15925: 15238: 15236: 15164: 15162: 15132: 15044: 15001: 14999: 14978: 14862: 14774: 14772: 14550: 14517:Pengantar Sejarah Kebudayaan Indonesia 14485: 14483: 14481: 14350:Munoz, P. M.; Tim Media Abadi (2009). 14180: 14123: 14119: 14117: 14063:Sejarah Nasional Indonesia: Zaman kuno 14026: 14020: 13949: 13889:Spuler, Bertold; F.R.C Bagley (1981). 13575: 13549:Mahandis Y. Thamrin (September 2012). 13302: 13250: 12945:The Javanese victory on repelling the 12672:Age of Empires III: Definitive Edition 10509:In its propaganda from the 1920s, the 7267:Various keris and pole weapons of Java 5345:, usually reserved for the king's heir 2884:About the time Majapahit was founded, 2049: 235:Tribhuvanottuṅgadevī Jayaviṣṇuvardhanī 21363:Former countries in Malaysian history 20482: 18986: 18579: 17927: 17916:Nagarakretagama dan Tafsir Sejarahnya 17863:Tsang, Susan; Perera, Audrey (2011), 17845: 17827:Prapanca, Mpu (2018). Isidora (ed.). 17363: 17089: 16862:Nagarakretagama dan Tafsir Sejarahnya 16728: 16673: 16650:A History of Greek Fire and Gunpowder 16555:Hesheng, Zheng; Yijun, Zheng (1980). 16504: 16144: 15992: 15931: 15811: 15793: 15399:Nugroho, Irawan Djoko (16 May 2022). 15281: 15218: 15216: 15214: 15072: 15070: 15068: 15066: 15064: 15062: 15060: 15058: 15056: 14795: 14752: 14636: 14546:. Jakarta: PT Gita Karya. p. 13. 14494:. Singapore: Editions Didier Millet. 14489: 14457: 14387:Effrata, Effrata (27 February 2021). 14286: 14284: 14282: 14206:Cathay and the Way Thither (Volume 4) 13996: 13852:from the original on 23 December 2021 13695: 13506:Nagarakretagama dan Tapsir Sejarahnya 13270: 12663:Age of Empires II: Definitive Edition 12403: 12401: 12399: 12397: 12395: 12393: 12391: 12389: 12387: 12385: 12383: 12381: 12379: 12377: 12375: 12373: 12371: 12369: 12367: 12365: 12363: 12361: 12359: 12357: 12343: 12341: 12339: 12337: 12335: 12333: 12331: 12329: 12327: 12325: 12323: 12321: 12319: 12313: 12311: 12309: 12307: 12305: 12303: 12301: 12299: 12297: 12295: 12293: 12291: 12289: 12287: 12285: 12283: 12281: 12279: 12277: 12275: 12273: 12271: 12269: 12267: 12265: 12263: 12261: 12255: 12253: 12251: 12249: 12247: 12245: 12243: 12241: 12239: 12237: 12235: 12233: 12231: 12225: 12223: 12221: 12219: 12217: 12215: 12213: 12211: 12209: 12207: 12205: 12203: 12201: 12199: 12197: 12195: 12193: 12191: 12179: 12177: 12167: 12165: 12153: 12151: 12149: 12147: 12145: 12143: 12141: 12139: 12137: 12135: 12133: 12131: 12129: 12101: 12099: 12097: 12095: 12093: 12091: 12089: 12087: 12085: 12083: 12081: 12079: 12077: 12075: 12073: 12071: 12069: 12067: 12065: 12039: 12037: 12035: 12033: 12031: 12029: 12027: 12025: 12023: 12021: 12019: 12017: 12015: 12007: 12005: 12003: 12001: 11999: 11997: 11995: 11993: 11991: 11989: 11987: 11985: 11983: 11970: 11961: 11959: 11945: 11943: 11941: 11939: 11937: 11935: 11933: 11931: 11929: 11927: 11925: 11923: 11921: 11919: 11917: 11915: 11913: 11889: 11887: 11885: 11883: 11881: 11879: 11877: 11875: 11873: 11871: 11869: 11867: 11865: 11863: 11861: 11849: 11833: 11831: 11829: 11827: 11825: 11823: 11821: 11819: 11817: 11815: 11813: 11811: 11809: 11807: 11805: 11803: 11801: 11789: 11787: 11785: 11783: 11781: 11779: 11777: 11775: 11773: 11771: 11769: 11767: 11765: 11762: 11746: 11741: 11739: 11737: 11735: 11733: 11731: 11729: 11727: 11725: 11723: 11721: 11719: 11717: 11715: 11713: 11711: 11709: 11695: 11693: 11691: 11689: 11687: 11685: 11683: 11681: 11679: 11677: 11675: 11673: 11671: 11669: 11667: 11665: 11663: 11651: 11649: 11647: 11641: 11639: 11637: 11635: 11633: 11631: 11629: 11627: 11625: 11623: 11621: 11619: 11617: 11615: 11613: 11611: 11609: 11599: 11597: 11595: 11593: 11591: 11589: 11587: 11585: 11583: 11581: 11579: 11577: 11575: 11572: 11567: 11565: 11551: 11549: 11547: 11545: 11543: 11541: 11539: 11537: 11535: 11533: 11531: 11529: 11527: 11525: 11523: 11521: 11519: 11493: 11491: 11489: 11487: 11485: 11483: 11481: 11479: 11477: 11475: 11473: 11471: 11469: 11467: 11465: 11439: 11437: 11435: 11433: 11431: 11429: 11427: 11425: 11423: 11421: 11419: 11417: 11415: 11413: 11411: 11409: 11407: 11397: 11395: 11393: 11391: 11389: 11387: 11385: 11383: 11381: 11379: 11377: 11375: 11373: 11370: 11351: 11349: 11333: 11331: 11329: 11327: 11325: 11323: 11321: 11319: 11317: 11315: 11313: 11311: 11309: 11307: 11305: 11303: 11301: 11295: 11293: 11291: 11289: 11287: 11285: 11283: 11281: 11279: 11277: 11275: 11273: 11271: 11269: 11267: 11265: 11263: 11261: 11259: 11253: 11251: 11249: 11243: 11241: 11239: 11237: 11235: 11233: 11231: 11229: 11227: 11225: 11223: 11221: 11219: 11217: 11215: 11213: 11211: 11197: 11195: 11193: 11191: 11189: 11187: 11185: 11183: 11181: 11179: 11177: 11175: 11173: 11171: 11169: 11167: 11159: 11143: 11135: 11133: 11131: 11129: 11127: 11125: 11123: 11121: 11119: 11117: 11115: 11113: 11111: 11109: 11107: 11101: 11099: 11097: 11095: 11093: 11091: 11089: 11087: 11085: 11083: 11081: 11079: 11077: 11075: 11073: 11071: 11069: 11063: 11061: 11059: 11057: 11055: 11053: 11051: 11045: 11043: 11041: 11039: 11037: 11035: 11033: 11031: 11029: 11027: 11025: 11023: 11021: 11019: 11017: 11011: 11009: 11007: 11005: 11003: 11001: 10999: 10997: 10995: 10993: 10991: 10989: 10987: 10985: 10983: 10974: 10972: 10970: 10968: 10966: 10964: 10955: 10953: 10951: 10949: 10947: 10945: 10943: 10941: 10939: 10937: 10935: 10933: 10931: 10929: 10927: 10756:styled Bhra Hyang Wisesa Aji Wikrama 7747:, which already included part of the 7065:, found in the Brantas river, Jombang 6904: 6670:in the south of Siam), Singhanagari ( 6269:. Also mentioned are Kandis, Kahwas, 6114:, the port of Canggu and sections of 5925:Rājasawardhanendudewī Dyah Puréswari 5355:that conduct the daily administration 5276:In Majapahit, the punishment for the 4835:The stepped terraces, pavilions, and 4432:The Pala school of art of the Indian 1971:("country of the island of Java") in 1922:are common in the area in and around 1918:'). Toponyms containing the word 1728: 1700: 18605: 17685: 17628:"Situs Majapahit Dirusak Pemerintah" 17394: 17276: 17245: 17230: 17133:História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos 17111:Eksplorasi Sumberdaya Budaya Maritim 16934: 16776: 16751: 16667: 16481: 16326: 16294:Zoetmulder, Petrus Josephus (1982). 16255:Zoetmulder, Petrus Josephus (1982). 16208: 16202: 16160: 16007: 15964: 15942: 15891: 15872: 15673:"Majapahit in the Fifteenth Century" 15424: 15282:Utomo, Yunanto Wiji (22 June 2017). 15243:Colless, Brian E. (September 1968). 15222: 15186: 14954: 14727:Groeneveldt, Willem Pieter (1876). " 14597: 14458:Ahsan, Ivan Aulia (9 January 2018). 14442: 14248: 14199: 13655:Harsaputra, Indra (7 January 2011). 13259: 13091:has two meaning. The first one is a 12564:depicting a fictionalised detail of 10878:Kertabhumi conquered capital (1468) 10188:, are popular tales in Javanese and 10161:mentioned the legend of the fall of 9938:2024 Ulu Tiram police station attack 7924:, and it also saw the settlement of 7196:Cropped portion of China Sea in the 7146:equipments in the Majapahit palace: 7057:Gunpowder weapons used by Majapahit: 5432:Majapahit core realm and provinces ( 4569:Reliefs from the main temple of the 3400:Wringin Lawang, the 15.5-meter tall 2498:. Rajapatni appointed her daughter, 614: instead of Javanese characters. 17458:Tantri Yuliandini (18 April 2002). 17117: 17080: 16954: 16704:Teeuw, A. and S. O. Robson (2005). 16630:Stanley, Henry Edward John (1866). 16618: 16534: 16440: 16428: 16399: 15650:(in Indonesian). PT Balai Pustaka. 15521:Groeneveldt, Willem Pieter (1896). 15340: 15233: 15159: 14996: 14769: 14646:, University of Hawai'i Press, 2000 14478: 14114: 13876:"Southeast Asia in the Ming Shi-lu" 13508:(in Indonesian). Jakarta: Bhratara. 13174: 12496:, the film tells the story of nine 9738:2009 swine flu pandemic in Malaysia 7200:, showing six and three-masted jong 6055:Girindrawardhana Dyah Wijayakarana 4969:, and various other animals. Pigs, 4945:(green beetles used for medicine), 4843:temple complex on mount Lawu slopes 4367:Rwâneka dhâtu winuwus Buddha Wiswa, 3384:which enjoyed substantial internal 2987:Wikramawardhana and Ming expedition 13: 21373:Hindu Buddhist states in Indonesia 17709:. Yogyakarta: LKiS Pelangi Aksara. 17582: 16963:Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 16337:. Jakarta: Elex Media Komputindo. 15249:Journal of Southeast Asian History 15211: 15053: 14799:Sulalatus Salatin (Sejarah Melayu) 14682:from the original on 13 March 2021 14279: 14154:Raditya, Iswara (7 January 2018). 14102:Ya'cob Billiocta (22 April 2015). 13740:Het rijk van de vijfvoudige Buddha 13490:(in Indonesian). Yogyakarta: LKIS. 10913:Family Tree of Majapahit Emperors 10709:Sadeng and Keta rebellion (1331). 10642:, styled Kretarajasa Jayawardhana 10274:towering red-brick gate, and also 9578:Taufiqiah Al-Khairiah madrasa fire 9498:Japan Airlines Flight 715 incident 8020: 7883:has led to the enmity among them. 7134:Majapahit had elite troops called 6857:sometime during his reign. Sultan 6624:All of those three categories—the 5959:Manggalawardhanī Dyah Suraghārinī 5904:Wijayaparākrama Dyah Samarawijaya 4483:Museum of Asian Art, San Francisco 3468:, a Franciscan friar. In his book 2452:was never clear. According to the 2399:. Below is a conch flanked by two 2232: 2131: 14: 21419: 17881: 17612:. 4 November 2008. Archived from 16278:Gardner, Gerald Brosseau (1936). 14331:(in Indonesian). 24 February 2018 14267:Iswara N Raditya (21 June 2017). 13317:The Borderlands of Southeast Asia 13131:"Was Majapahit Really an Empire?" 13057:likely derived from Old Javanese 10587: 9748:Attacks against places of worship 7348:) was recorded by Ma Huan in his 7248:, from earlier, 10–11th century, 6526:. Further east are Udamakatraya ( 6455:), Kanjapiniran, all are united. 5997:Rājānandanéswarī Dyah Sudharminī 5883:Girīsawardhana Dyah Sūryawikrama 5820:Rājasawardhana Dyah Wijayakumāra 5188: 4849:megalithic architectural elements 4330:, which is usually translated as 3760:tubes (probably a kind of bamboo 2483:as mortuary deified portrayal of 2471:Queen Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi 1978: 21378:Former countries in Thai history 18966: 18957: 18956: 17638: 17630:. 5 January 2009. Archived from 17620: 17602: 17576: 17539: 17513: 17433:"Lonely Planet: History of Bali" 17425: 17400: 17369: 17357: 17349:Hery H Winarno (24 April 2015). 17342: 17297: 17283:. Psychology Press. p. 37. 17270: 17203: 17177: 17098: 17042: 17020: 17014: 16997: 16893: 16881: 16852: 16815: 16770: 16745: 16722: 16697: 16684: 16640: 16588: 16568: 16561:. 齐鲁书社 (Qilu Publishing House). 16548: 16528: 16498: 16460: 16301: 16288: 16271: 16262: 16249: 16229: 16129: 16102: 16089: 16076: 16045: 16033: 15935:Ancient South-East Asian Warfare 15900: 15848: 15738: 15713: 15664: 15563: 15545: 15514: 15418: 15380: 15076: 14910:Sanjeev Sanyal (6 August 2016). 14869:Victor M. Fic (2 January 2014). 14066:(in Indonesian). Balai Pustaka. 14029:"Masalah Negara Vasal Majapahit" 13873: 13580:Indonesia: Peoples and Histories 13433:"Tracing the glory of Majapahit" 13313: 13082: 13048: 13035: 13019: 13010: 12989: 12697: 10046: 9708:2006–2007 Southeast Asian floods 7862:kingdom, in which its last king 7712:The Javanese people, like other 7513: 7504: 7493: 7484: 7449: 7435: 7421: 7272: 7260: 7237: 7217: 7205: 7189: 7047: 7036: 6697:). What is different is Yawana ( 6014:Rājāsawardhanadewī Dyah Srīpurā 5942:Wijayendudewī Dyah Wijayaduhitā 5505:: the hamlet or sanctuary place. 5485:: the district, administered by 5451:: the kingdom, ruled by the king 5385:. This position is analogous to 5250: 5219: 5208: 5197: 4867:, quite similar to Mesoamerican 4725:The 16.5-metre tall Bajang Ratu 4708: 4699: 4658: 4649: 4638: 4629: 4559: 4550: 4029: 4018: 3909:History of Hinduism in Indonesia 3866: 3689: 3677: 3665: 3645: 3449: 3429: 3413: 3393: 3247:Demak sent reinforcements under 2963:A war of succession, called the 2740:, but it was never mentioned in 2706:(Dyah Pitaloka) of neighbouring 2487:, queen of Majapahit, mother of 1751:that was based on the island of 1633: 643: 592: 526: 501: 54: 21353:Precolonial states of Indonesia 17661: 17497:(in Indonesian). Archived from 17338:(in Indonesian). 11 March 2017. 17146:10.1590/s0104-59701996000400005 16296:Old Javanese-English dictionary 16257:Old Javanese-English dictionary 16021:. London: The Hakluyt Society. 15617:Afrianto, Dedy (20 June 2021). 15555:. November 2008. Archived from 15425:Yang, Shao-yun (15 June 2020). 15353: 15334: 15126: 15117: 15108: 15094:. London: The Hakluyt Society. 15035: 15026: 15006:Ricklefs, Merle Calvin (2008). 14948: 14930:"Jawa dan Melayu dalam sejarah" 14843: 14824: 14789: 14757: 14746: 14734: 14697: 14609: 14600:Hindoe-Javaansche Geschiedenis 14591: 14533: 14508: 14436: 14242: 14193: 14174: 14095: 13882: 13732: 13685:. Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia. 13648: 13632:(in Indonesian). Archived from 13617: 13602: 13569: 13512: 13494: 13463: 13450: 13403:Ricklefs, Merle Calvin (1993). 12980: 12952: 12939: 12925: 12915: 12880: 12871: 12862: 12841: 12832: 12607:Civilization 5: Brave New World 9568:Penang terminal bridge collapse 8553:Separation of Perlis from Kedah 7083:technology entered Java in the 5495:: the village, administered by 5475:: the regency, administered by 5233:, the sun emblem of the kingdom 4535: 4193:written in the 14th century by 3339:in the western part. Gradually 3106: 2914:, who also claimed the throne. 2009: 21333:1527 disestablishments in Asia 21288:genealogical numbering systems 18924:British Indian Ocean Territory 17723:Nugroho, Irawan Djoko (2011). 17714:Nugroho, Irawan Djoko (2009). 17277:Liow, Joseph Chinyong (2005). 17038:. London: The Hakluyt Society. 16706:Bhomāntaka. The Death of Bhoma 15932:Wales, H. G. Quaritch (1952). 15803:Nugroho, Irawan Djoko (2009). 15320:. University of Hawaii Press. 15229:. London: The Hakluyt Society. 14936:(in Indonesian). 2 August 2018 14445:Tanya Jawab Tentang Suku Dayak 14406:10.54683/sociopolitico.v3i1.38 14006:. University of Hawaii Press. 13895:. Brill Archive. p. 252. 13357:"Indonesia, The Majapahit Era" 13291: 13219: 13168: 13137: 12793: 12781: 12518:, the first king of Majapahit. 10905: 9478:Campbell Shopping Complex fire 7817:Relations with regional powers 6605:Asia in the early 14th century 6072:Kalamawarnadewī Dyah Sudāyitā 5375:Rakryan Mantri ri Pakira-kiran 5349:Rakryan Mantri ri Pakira-kiran 4806:dated from Majapahit era. The 4357:, a 14th-century Javanese poem 4154:was posthumously portrayed as 2811:sent an envoy to the court of 2403:. 14th-century Majapahit art, 2164: 2127:―the hero of Majapahit kingdom 1346:French and British interregnum 1: 17495:National Geographic Indonesia 16307:Ras, Johannes Jacobus, 1968, 16281:Keris and Other Malay Weapons 16170:Manguin, Pierre-Yves (1976). 15152:10.1525/ae.1983.10.4.02a00030 14656:Adrisijanti, Inajati (2014). 14644:Historical Atlas of Indonesia 13630:National Geographic Indonesia 13431:Sita W. Dewi (9 April 2013). 13274:Historical Atlas of Indonesia 13162:10.1080/13639811.2020.1701325 13150:Indonesia and the Malay World 13109: 10464:The Indonesian coat of arms, 10313:describes the Javanese-style 10173:also connected to Majapahit. 10108:Numbers of local legends and 9688:2002 Taman Hillview landslide 8743:Japanese occupation of Malaya 8202: 8061: 7611:Panji Wijayakrama-Rangga Lawe 7087:(1293 A.D.). Majapahit under 6932:Conflicts involving Majapahit 6703:anyat i yawana mitreka satata 6609:The true nature of Majapahit 5624:uncle and also father-in-law 5457:: the province, ruled by the 5399:Dharmmadhyaksa ring Kasogatan 5267:Perundang-undangan Madjapahit 4925:(useful to produce red dye), 4859:temples on western slopes of 4524:which means "wild boar", the 4496:artefacts were discovered in 4316:were written and composed by 4239: 4131:being borne by the man-eater 3791:). The upper-class performed 3172: 2952: 2828:, known for his chronicle in 2656:figure popularly believed by 2637:and an uncountable number of 2465: 2378: 1760: 1706:(eastern and central dialect) 437:• Founding of Majapahit 404: 386: 20509:Royal and noble family trees 17899:A brief history of Majapahit 17894:Memoirs of Majapahit Kingdom 17889:A Short History of Majapahit 17716:Meluruskan Sejarah Majapahit 17688:A History of South-East Asia 17185:"Majapahit-era Technologies" 17127:Olshin, Benjamin B. (1996). 16919:10.17509/historia.v5i1.39181 16601:. Rúshì wénhuà. p. 70. 15805:Meluruskan Sejarah Majapahit 14802:, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 14356:(in Indonesian). Mitra abadi 14181:Bahari (12 September 2015). 13698:The Journal of Asian Studies 13576:Taylor, Jean Gelman (2003). 13529:Brandes, Jan Laurens Andries 13323:. p. 36. Archived from 12724:Indonesian Esoteric Buddhism 12416:Majapahit in popular culture 10511:Communist Party of Indonesia 10321:The vivid, rich and festive 9928:2024 Lumut helicopters crash 9848:Kim Jong-nam's Assassination 9728:Bukit Antarabangsa landslide 9007:North Borneo self-governance 5841:Jayawardhanī Dyah Jayéswarī 5588:aunt and also mother-in-law 5080:National Museum of Indonesia 4470:, and a statue of the queen 3927:Spread of Islam in Indonesia 3756:), beating a drum made from 3121:National Museum of Indonesia 2933:In the 14th century a Malay 2853:emblem on the bronze cannon. 2192: 1947:Strictly speaking, the name 1831: 1234:Kingdom of Bolaang Mongondow 469:Native gold and silver coins 7: 21408:Hinduism in the Philippines 21358:1293 establishments in Asia 19012: 17725:Majapahit Peradaban Maritim 17174:, p. 163-164, 166-168. 17109:, in Edi, Sedyawati (ed.), 17090:Jones, John Winter (1863). 16674:Jones, John Winter (1863). 16583:其國地廣人稠，甲兵火銃，為東洋諸番之雄。其俗尚氣好鬥。 16411:"Baju Baja Emas Gajah Mada" 15938:. London: Bernard Quaritch. 15593:, p. 233-234, 239-240. 14796:Ahmad, Abdul Samad (1979), 14490:Munoz, Paul Michel (2006). 14229:, London: Hakluyt Society, 13834:Ma Huan; JVG Mills (1970). 13175:Ooi, Keat Gin, ed. (2004). 13073:, that is, tiger spearing ( 12690: 12500:saints ('wali') who spread 10731:, styled Sri Rajasanagara, 10700:Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi 10630: 10551:, the famous oath taken by 10474:. The statue and relief of 10437:Indonesian National Revival 10196:shadow puppet performance, 9778:Genting Highlands bus crash 9758:Cameron Highlands bus crash 9458:AIA building hostage crisis 9428:Ligitan and Sipadan dispute 9377:Philippine militant attacks 9182:Federal Territory of Labuan 9112:Declaration of Rukun Negara 9102:National Operations Council 9067:Second communist insurgency 7692:Explorations and navigation 6978:(professional soldier) and 6896: 6849:, were given as a dowry to 6510:. Together with prosperous 5849:Tumapel (former capital of 5665:Paguhan (today upstream of 5593:Tumapel (former capital of 5391:Dharmmadhyaksa ring Kasewan 4619:History of the Song dynasty 3941:Hindu kingdoms in Indonesia 3842: 3236:that is correspond to 1400 3234:Sirna ilang kertaning bhumi 2327:, today it is displayed in 2247:Painting of a 14th-century 2170: 1995:Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles 1903: 1759:). It existed from 1292 to 1692: 741:Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms 10: 21424: 17954:Former states in Indonesia 17727:. Suluh Nuswantara Bakti. 17105:Liebner, Horst H. (2005), 17031:Cortesão, Armando (1944). 16900:Averoes, Muhammad (2022). 16777:Jákl, Jiří (15 May 2016). 16647:Partington, J. R. (1999). 16115:. Gramedia Pustaka Utama. 16014:Cortesão, Armando (1944). 15087:Cortesão, Armando (1944). 13923:. PT LKiS Pelangi Aksara. 13624:Mahandis Yoanata Thamrin. 12966:around their waist or how 12894:sirna ilang kertaning bumi 12859:, and Ming dynasty records 12538:a traditional Malay legend 10627: 10624: 10621: 10616:in the late 13th century. 10526:Taman Mini Indonesia Indah 10453:", is a quotation from an 9908:2022 Batang Kali landslide 9222:Peace Agreement of Hat Yai 6085: 5343:Rakryan Mahamantri Katrini 5294:Kutaramanawa Dharmashastra 5262:Kutaramanawa Dharmashastra 4882: 4877:Indonesian prehistoric era 4539: 4417: 4269:, 12th-century Dharmaja's 4212:or boarding school called 4098:however, does not mention 3988:Hindu temples in Indonesia 3576:'s expedition (1405–1433)— 3358: 2990: 2956: 2900: 2845:Metropolitan Museum of Art 2236: 2187: 1415:United States of Indonesia 1252:Chinese Kongsi federations 21270: 21235: 21187: 21154: 21111: 21070: 20905: 20839: 20769: 20721: 20693: 20647: 20542: 20514: 20448: 20400: 19917: 19321: 19020: 18952: 18911: 18871: 18613: 18550: 18461: 18418: 18380: 18332: 18264: 18179: 18128: 18119: 18059: 17968: 17959: 17668:Abshire, Jean E. (2011), 17546:Friend, Theodore (2003). 16975:10.1017/S002246340000446X 16613:《海國廣記》記載,爪哇「甲兵火銃為東洋諸蕃之冠」。 16595:Wenbin, Yan, ed. (2019). 15860:www.Majapahit-Kingdom.com 15690:10.1163/22134379-90002587 15581:, p. 56-60, 286-291. 15261:10.1017/s0217781100004737 15187:Hall, Kenneth R. (1996). 15174:. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka. 13148:as a conglomerate text". 13069:means a pike used in the 12259: 12257: 12123: 12121: 12119: 12113: 12111: 12109: 12063: 12059: 12057: 12055: 12049: 12047: 12045: 12011: 11968: 11907: 11905: 11901: 11899: 11897: 11859: 11855: 11847: 11843: 11841: 11839: 11793: 11760: 11744: 11703: 11661: 11657: 11645: 11643: 11570: 11513: 11511: 11509: 11507: 11505: 11503: 11501: 11463: 11459: 11453: 11451: 11449: 11447: 11445: 11368: 11257: 11255: 11247: 11245: 11157: 11141: 11067: 11065: 11049: 11047: 10715:(1342–1343). Conquest of 10210: 9838:Movida Bar grenade attack 9588:Bright Sparklers disaster 9488:Sabah Air GAF Nomad crash 9468:National Monument bombing 9438:Kuala Lumpur flash floods 9232:Royal Immunity Amendments 8977:Singapore self-governance 8888:Crown Colony of N. Borneo 8503:Siamese invasion of Kedah 7991: 7700:(1470–1517), in his book 7586: 7572: 7558: 7544: 7113:breech-loading swivel gun 6948:Demak-Majapahit conflicts 6938: 6718:Waringin Pitu inscription 6693:(South India), and Goda ( 6626:Negara Agung, Mancanegara 6514:(central, north and east 6407:is mentioned first. Next 6367:, Samadang, Tirem, Sedu ( 5794: 5791: 5788: 5785: 5778:Waringin Pitu inscription 5715:Lasem (a coastal town in 5544: 5541: 5538: 5535: 4796:, and also split gate of 4261:era, all the way through 3640:or an ox-drawn carriage. 3154:as stated in the legend. 2815:of the newly established 2803:To revive the fortune of 2391:, possibly the Hindu god 2223:Kertanegara of Singhasari 1997:, Lieutenant-Governor of 1892: 1721: 1684: 1566:Javanese historical texts 542: 480: 463: 459: 445: 435: 431: 423: 419: 401: 383: 366: 349: 328: 311: 299: 278: 245: 228: 222:Sundarapāṇḍyadevādhīśvara 215: 198: 194: 184: 170: 125: 106: 91: 73: 51: 46: 29: 23: 21383:13th century in Thailand 20734:Spring and Autumn period 18673:East Timor (Timor-Leste) 17919:. Bhratara Karya Aksara. 17670:The History of Singapore 17556:Harvard University Press 16865:. Bhratara Karya Aksara. 16136:Needham, Joseph (1986). 15865:22 December 2008 at the 15745:Dellios, Rosita (2003). 15223:Yule, Sir Henry (1866). 14875:. Abhinav. p. 104. 14731:". Batavia: W. Bruining. 14602:(Hindu-Javanese History) 14515:Soekmono, Roden (2002). 12775: 12739:List of monarchs of Java 12586:Dyah Pitaloka Citraresmi 12438:Sandyakalaning Majapahit 10792:styled Bhra Prabhu Stri 10711:Pabali, the conquest of 10684:Nambi rebellion (1316). 10608:kings, which started by 10096:("Majapahit Temple") in 9858:Darul Quran madrasa fire 9678:2001 Kampung Medan riots 9598:Highland Towers collapse 9295:Pakatan Harapan takeover 8697:Unfederated Malay States 8289:Samudera Pasai Sultanate 7061:Bronze hand cannon-type 6988:Sundanese troops in the 6088:Territories of Majapahit 5828:Daha (former capital of 5575:Daha (former capital of 5373:Within the ministers of 4351:Palm leaf manuscript of 4152:Kertarajasa Jayawardhana 3335:on the eastern edge and 3296:Meanwhile, in the west, 1854:(sometimes also spelled 1326:Dutch East India Company 967:Samudera Pasai Sultanate 18934:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 16752:Ptak, Roderich (1999). 16708:. Leiden: KITLV Press. 16488:Crawfurd, John (1856). 16333:Oktorino, Nino (2020). 16188:10.3406/arasi.1976.1103 16109:Pramono, Djoko (2005). 16082:Lombard, Denys (1990). 15539:10.1163/156853296X00131 14741:Tsang & Perera 2011 14622:. Xlibris Corporation. 14443:Ukur, Fridolin (1977). 14304:Hikayat Raja-Raja Pasai 14292:Hikayat Raja-Raja Pasai 14249:Bade, David W. (2013), 14124:Suarez, Thomas (2012). 13919:Slamet Muljana (2005). 13488:Menuju Puncak Kemegahan 13251:Robson, Stuart (1995). 12811:(canto 1 stanza 2) and 12450:(since 1979), a weekly 10631:Information and events 10472:Javanese Hindu elements 9918:2023 Elmina plane crash 9898:2021-22 Malaysia floods 9878:2020-21 Malaysia floods 9868:2018 Subang Temple riot 9828:2015 Plaza Low Yat riot 9808:2014–15 Malaysia floods 9718:Bukit Gantang bus crash 9162:South China Sea dispute 9142:1977 Kelantan Emergency 9132:Federal Territory of KL 9027:Sarawak self-governance 8101:65,000–40,000 BCE 7963:, as well as Majapahit. 7642:ring Tatarnagari tiniru 7317:(chain mail armor) and 7228:arquebus is similar to 7085:Mongol invasion of Java 7021:Hikayat Raja-Raja Pasai 6943:Mongol invasion of Java 5393:(State's highest Hindu 5070:, 14th or 15th century 3337:Sunda Kingdom Pajajaran 3182:(the former capital of 2405:National Museum Jakarta 2239:Mongol invasion of Java 1984:Archaeological evidence 1726:Javanese pronunciation: 1698:Javanese pronunciation: 318:Vijayaparākramavardhana 247:• 1350s–1389/1399 224:(Jayanagara, Kalagemet) 211:Wijaya, Saṅgrāmavijaya) 62: 21368:Former empires in Asia 21129:Ancient Roman emperors 17904:1 January 2007 at the 16636:. The Hakluyt Society. 16575:Congjian, Yan (1583). 16095:Reid, Anthony (1993). 16001:Ancient Southeast Asia 15205:10.3406/arch.1996.3357 15133:Hefner, R. W. (1983). 14616:Swaran Ludher (2015). 14046:10.30883/jba.v15i3.678 14027:Suhadi, Machi (1995). 13271:Cribb, Robert (2013). 13255:. Leiden: KITLV Press. 12819: 12813: 12805: 12629:Civilization 6 (2016), 12429: 10764:Siege and invasion of 10601: 10537: 10432: 10365: 10318: 10286:and Sunyaragi park in 10134: 10101: 9528:1985 Lahad Datu ambush 9398:Brunei's Limbang claim 9242:Asian financial crisis 8829:Sandakan Death Marches 8677:Federated Malay States 8563:Crown Colony of Labuan 8025: 7964: 7898: 7838: 7779: 7668:. In the 16th century 7592: 7580: 7566: 7552: 7538: 7185: 7030: 7019:) troops. As noted in 6699:Arabs, see explanation 6606: 6534:). Also mentioned are 6235: 6101: 5980:Mahāmisī Dyah Sāwitrī 5770:nephew and son-in-law 5725:Rajasaduhita Indudewi 5437: 5336:Majapahit courts are: 5121: 5087: 4899: 4844: 4485: 4429: 4413: 4383: 4358: 4344:) of this manuscript. 4135: 4080: 3964:Mataram/Medang Kingdom 3840: 3745:, but with betel nut. 3557: 3527: 3308:to end this alliance. 3286: 3190:(Ranawijaya) in 1474. 3123: 3058:, remnants of the old 3002: 2854: 2839:Bronze cannon, called 2761: 2754:Gajah Mada inscription 2669: 2617:and some parts of the 2561: 2491: 2408: 2332: 2286:is the fruit name and 2274:was given the land of 2255: 2150:his visit to Majapahit 2128: 2046: 1847: 1377:Emergence of Indonesia 280:• 1389/1399–1429 20425:Medieval great powers 17686:Hall, D.G.E. (1981). 16940:Lombard, Denys (2005) 16494:. Bradbury and Evans. 16457:LXXXIII : 1-161. 15854:Nastiti, Titi Surti. 15671:Noorduyn, J. (1978). 15497:Majapahit Style Vol.1 14987:Leyden, John (1821), 14849:Leyden, John (1821). 14130:. Tuttle Publishing. 12759:Hinduism in Indonesia 12562:Langit Kresna Hariadi 12423: 10596:Genealogy diagram of 10595: 10523: 10426: 10359: 10308: 10139:legend of Minangkabau 10137:In West Sumatra, the 10132: 10092: 9768:Hulu Langat landslide 9448:Malaysian haze crisis 9212:Constitutional crisis 9047:Singapore in Malaysia 9037:Formation of Malaysia 8902:Anti-cession movement 8789:Parit Sulong Massacre 8268:Rise of Muslim states 8192:100 BCE–1474 CE 8024: 7973:Ming treasure voyages 7950: 7889: 7824: 7753: 7741:Afonso de Albuquerque 7639:Jong sasanga wangunan 7613:(c. 1334) was called 7602:and 28.99–88.56 m in 7535: 7354:as being used by the 7183:— Hikayat Banjar, 6.3 7148: 7025: 6604: 6518:) are already ruled. 6221: 6099: 6075:granddaughter-in-law 5928:granddaughter-in-law 5795:Relation to the King 5567:Tribhuwanatunggadewi 5545:Relation to the King 5431: 5424:Territorial hierarchy 5331:Bureaucracy officials 5177:and the south Indian 5119: 5062: 4921:. This land produces 4895: 4834: 4826:Balinese architecture 4747:had been used in the 4540:Further information: 4480: 4427: 4418:Further information: 4363: 4350: 4126: 4075: 3860:Hinduism in Indonesia 3819: 3537: 3525: 3499:, all the way across 3347:. A small enclave of 3281: 3215:Islamic proselytizing 3114: 3000: 2991:Further information: 2838: 2752: 2651: 2551: 2485:Tribhuwanottunggadewi 2478: 2386: 2306: 2246: 2119: 2036: 1839: 1432:Republic of Indonesia 1298:European colonization 1197:Riau-Lingga Sultanate 107:Common languages 21295:Quarters of nobility 20846:Pharaonic dynasties 20639:United Arab Emirates 20435:European colonialism 20420:Ancient great powers 18848:United Arab Emirates 18382:Lesser Sunda Islands 17550:Indonesian Destinies 17211:"Kerajaan Majapahit" 16792:10.4000/archipel.312 16729:Jákl, Jiří (2014a). 16209:Wade, Geoff (2012). 16003:. London: Routledge. 15959:Bibliotheca Javanica 15494:Made Wijaya (2014). 15139:American Ethnologist 14816:on 12 October 2013, 14598:Krom, N. J. (1931). 14393:Jurnal Sociopolitico 12933:Bhattara Saptaprabhu 12650:expansion pack from 12529:Puteri Gunung Ledang 10698:Sri Gitarja, styled 10470:, also derives from 10450:Bhinneka Tunggal Ika 10190:Balinese literatures 9698:Indian Ocean tsunami 9388:Singapore race riots 9373:North Borneo dispute 9152:Pedra Branca dispute 8967:Malayan Independence 8922:Federation of Malaya 8687:Anglo-Siamese Treaty 8667:Mat Salleh Rebellion 8463:Dutch–Portuguese War 8182:100 BCE–642 CE 8134:11,000–200 BCE 7930:Kingdom of Singapura 7928:, that later become 7722:star path navigation 7698:Ludovico di Varthema 7615:jong sasangawangunan 7604:LOA (overall length) 7009:Yogyakarta Sultanate 6399:. In Hujung Medini ( 6307:Aceh Tamiang Regency 6204:Lesser Sunda Islands 6142:, areas surrounding 6082:Territorial division 5967:Kabalan (today East 5891:Matahun (today West 5746:Rajasaduhita Iswari 5683:Kabalan (today East 5629:Matahun (today West 5585:Rajadewi Maharajasa 5526:During the reign of 5519:, shortened form of 5406:Bhattara Saptaprabhu 5239:During the reign of 4765:in Probolinggo, and 4677:perspective illusion 4490:Majapahit Terracotta 4449:, especially in its 4420:Majapahit Terracotta 4327:Bhinneka Tunggal Ika 4036:Indonesia portal 3896:identified as Hindus 3813:Portuguese diplomat 3511:. He then headed to 3266:During this period, 3195:Sultanate of Malacca 3040:Sultanate of Malacca 3034:and other places in 2935:Kingdom of Singapura 2728:, also mentioned in 2697:Nansarunai Usak Jawa 2205:in Sumatra in 1275, 2043:palm-leaf manuscript 1960:("land of Java") in 1730:[wɪlwatɪkta] 1702:[mɔd͡ʒɔpaɪt] 1640:Indonesia portal 1261:Heshun Confederation 1177:Yogyakarta Sultanate 1107:Kalinyamat Sultanate 1077:Sultanate of Jailolo 1047:Sultanate of Ternate 760:Tarumanagara Kingdom 373:Siṅhavikramavardhana 21393:Indianized kingdoms 21227:Pontefract de Lacys 20880:21st, 22nd and 23rd 20430:Modern great powers 18875:limited recognition 17865:Singapore at Random 17634:on 12 January 2009. 17616:on 7 November 2008. 17161:on 19 October 2023. 16505:Jiang, Sun (2018). 16449:Berg, C. C., 1927, 16396:, p. 202, 320. 16372:, p. 202, 386. 16235:See the meaning of 15951:Berg, C.C. (1930). 15892:Jákl, Jiří (2014). 15559:on 31 October 2013. 14766:, p. 19&24 14619:They Came to Malaya 14290:Hill (June 1960). " 13041:For the meaning of 12536:epic film based on 10373:1492. For example, 10280:Menara Kudus Mosque 10242:evoke the Javanese 10053:Malaysia portal 9888:LRT train collision 9658:Al-Ma'unah incident 9638:Tropical Storm Greg 9122:New Economic Policy 8959:Independence period 8799:Battle of Singapore 8493:Straits Settlements 8428:Kubang Pasu Kingdom 8147:500 – 200 BCE 7897:in Central Sumatra. 7772:navigate farther." 7011:military which had 6801:(former capital of 6732:(former capital of 6598:and other islands. 6443:is today), Kelang ( 6383:in Manila), Solot ( 5383:Patih Hamangkubhumi 5179:Vijayanagara Empire 4336:, was taken from a 4025:Hinduism portal 3660:in Majapahit style. 3656:, golden celestial 3519:to Europe in 1330. 3472:Odoric of Pordenone 2926:, supported by the 2660:as the portrait of 2442:Odoric of Pordenone 2397:stylised solar halo 2050:Javanese Chronicles 1873:suggested that the 1820:(in particular the 1778:. According to the 1405:National Revolution 1395:Japanese occupation 1281:Santiaogou Republic 1147:Palembang Sultanate 1067:Sultanate of Tidore 937:Peureulak Sultanate 870:Dharmasraya Kingdom 21146:Byzantine emperors 21124:Cornelii Scipiones 17267:, p. 289-290. 17094:. Hakluyt Society. 17077:, p. 266-267. 16849:, p. 178-179. 16680:. Hakluyt Society. 16541:. pp. 25–26. 16323:, p. 204-205. 15856:Prasasti Majapahit 15845:, p. 141-142. 15756:on 3 February 2015 15341:Santiko, Hariani. 13946:, p. 107-116. 13788:Ying-yai Sheng-lan 13231:www.britannica.com 12977:around their waist 12814:Kidung Harsawijaya 12729:Javanese Kshatriya 12719:Gosari inscription 12522:Imperium Majapahit 12512:Senopati Pamungkas 12430: 10897:Sudarma Wisuta war 10771:Paregreg civil war 10673:Kalagemet, styled 10610:Sri Ranggah Rajasa 10602: 10538: 10433: 10366: 10319: 10294:royal cemetery in 10184:, and the epic of 10135: 10115:Hikayat Raja Pasai 10102: 9628:Pos Dipang mudflow 9408:Penang Hartal riot 9252:Reformasi Movement 8997:Sarawak Insurgency 8717:Kelantan rebellion 8637:Jementah Civil War 8543:Kingdom of Sarawak 8513:Anglo-Dutch Treaty 8453:Portuguese Malacca 8385:Selangor Sultanate 8034:Prehistoric period 8026: 7965: 7899: 7895:Pagaruyung Kingdom 7839: 7720:technique called " 7465:kakawin Bhomāntaka 7374:(星槎勝覽) written by 6654:), Dharmmanagari ( 6607: 6498:and Hutan Kadali ( 6309:), negara Perlak ( 6236: 6102: 5438: 5303:buying and selling 5165:in today Vietnam, 5122: 5088: 4917:, but there is no 4845: 4542:Candi of Indonesia 4486: 4457:style, relaxed in 4430: 4359: 4333:Unity in Diversity 4301:. Popular tale of 4136: 4081: 3894:Aliran Kepercayaan 3654:Bidadari Majapahit 3632:or more precisely 3528: 3287: 3257:Sultanate of Demak 3242:Sudarma Wisuta war 3124: 3064:Pagaruyung Kingdom 3003: 2922:until the rise of 2855: 2762: 2731:Carita Parahyangan 2670: 2623:Hikayat Raja Pasai 2562: 2492: 2436:, he was known as 2409: 2387:Golden image of a 2372:Mahapati Halayudha 2333: 2315:, amalgamation of 2256: 2148:'s reports during 2129: 2047: 2003:East India Company 1862:, meaning "bitter 1848: 1484:1998–present 1385:National Awakening 1215:Christian kingdoms 1181:1755–present 1171:1745–present 1167:Surakarta Sunanate 1137:Kingdom of Kaimana 1091:1526–present 1057:Sultanate of Bacan 977:Pagaruyung Kingdom 918:Islamic sultanates 810:Shailendra Dynasty 230:• 1328–1350s 159:(late period only) 21398:Former monarchies 21315: 21314: 21266: 21265: 20835: 20834: 20827:Singapura-Melakan 20474: 20473: 20396: 20395: 20361:Polish–Lithuanian 19536:Gurjara-Pratihara 18980: 18979: 18917:other territories 18607:Hinduism in Asia 18573: 18572: 18260: 18259: 18115: 18114: 17874:978-981-4260-37-4 17867:, Didier Millet, 17838:978-979-168-553-5 17819:978-94-011-8778-7 17800:978-94-017-7133-7 17781:978-94-011-8772-5 17762:978-94-011-8774-9 17734:978-602-9346-00-8 17697:978-1-349-16521-6 17679:978-0-313-37742-6 17527:on 8 October 2011 17317:978-1-135-17403-3 17290:978-0-415-34132-5 16833:978-8-7769-4014-0 16660:978-0-8018-5954-0 16535:Xin, Fei (1436). 16344:978-623-00-1741-4 16268:Jákl, 2014: 77–78 16222:978-981-4311-96-0 16157:, 3(2), 89 - 100. 15918:978-8-7769-4014-0 15829:978-94-017-7133-7 15786:978-94-017-7133-7 14971:978-0-8014-0188-6 14782:, 10.4: 77: "... 14672:978-602-1228-70-8 14236:978-0-904180-37-4 14137:978-1-4629-0696-3 14035:(in Indonesian). 14033:Berkala Arkeologi 13785:Ma Huan (1970) . 13681:Boechari (2012). 13181:. Santa Barbara: 13067:watang parampogan 12653:Age of Empires II 12648:Rise of the Rajas 12568:'s life from the 12413: 12412: 12409: 12408: 12355: 12189: 12175: 12163: 11981: 11957: 11758: 11563: 11366: 11347: 11155: 10903: 10902: 10652:the Mongol forces 10612:, the founder of 10557:telecommunication 10482:from the ancient 10292:Mataram Sultanate 10284:Keraton Kasepuhan 10117:, a 14th-century 10087: 10086: 9946: 9945: 9608:Genting landslide 9558:Ming Court Affair 9346: 9345: 9325:Bornean Amendment 9305:COVID-19 pandemic 9262:H1N1 flu pandemic 9170: 9075: 9074: 9057:ASEAN Declaration 8950: 8949: 8932:Malayan Emergency 8857: 8856: 8725: 8724: 8436: 8435: 8375:Sarawak Sultanate 8352:Pattani Sultanate 8312:Malacca Sultanate 8259: 8258: 8205:100 CE–1025 8151: 8150: 7600:LOD (deck length) 7397:), long muskets, 7091:(prime minister) 6971: 6970: 6566:. Also Wanda(n) ( 6466:(part of today's 6079: 6078: 5774: 5773: 5292:is a part of the 5229:Three designs of 4164:Gayatri Rajapatni 4160:Mahayana Buddhism 4070: 4069: 3889:Javanese Hinduism 3884:Balinese Hinduism 3470:Travels of Friar 3349:Hindu communities 3207:sultan of Malacca 3011:naval expeditions 2924:Malacca Sultanate 2920:Ayutthaya Kingdom 2813:the first emperor 2625:, a 14th-century 2349:Gayatri Rajapatni 2105:, the founder of 1913: 1901: 1712:), also known as 1711: 1710:(western dialect) 1707: 1690: 1674: 1673: 1488: 1487: 1440:Liberal democracy 1423: 1422: 1368: 1367: 1356:Dutch East Indies 1289: 1288: 1242: 1241: 1224:Larantuka Kingdom 1205: 1204: 1117:Mataram Sultanate 1017:Cirebon Sultanate 997:Malacca Sultanate 957:Ternate Sultanate 908: 907: 890:Singhasari Empire 884:1000s–1300s 850:Kahuripan Kingdom 731: 730: 608:rendering support 588: 587: 538: 537: 534: 533: 514: 513: 368:• 1466–1478 351:• 1456–1466 330:• 1451–1453 313:• 1447–1451 301:• 1429–1447 262:Wekas ing Sukha, 217:• 1309–1328 200:• 1293–1309 21415: 21388:Island countries 21119:Caecilii Metelli 21068: 21067: 20761:Kong (Confucius) 20701:Anatolian Seljuk 20645: 20644: 20503: 20496: 20489: 20480: 20479: 20277: 20276: 19942:Austro-Hungarian 19642:Chagatai Khanate 19007: 19000: 18993: 18984: 18983: 18970: 18960: 18959: 18929:Christmas Island 18615:Sovereign states 18600: 18593: 18586: 18577: 18576: 18523: 18506: 18489: 18410:Solor Watan Lema 18294:Lanfang Republic 18126: 18125: 17966: 17965: 17948: 17941: 17934: 17925: 17924: 17877: 17859: 17858: 17856: 17842: 17823: 17804: 17785: 17766: 17747: 17738: 17719: 17710: 17701: 17682: 17656: 17655: 17642: 17636: 17635: 17624: 17618: 17617: 17606: 17600: 17599: 17597: 17595: 17589:The Jakarta Post 17580: 17574: 17573: 17553: 17543: 17537: 17536: 17534: 17532: 17523:. Archived from 17517: 17511: 17510: 17508: 17506: 17486: 17480: 17479: 17477: 17475: 17466:. Archived from 17464:The Jakarta Post 17455: 17449: 17448: 17446: 17444: 17435:. Archived from 17429: 17423: 17422: 17420: 17418: 17404: 17398: 17392: 17386: 17385: 17373: 17367: 17366:, pp. 69–70 17361: 17355: 17354: 17353:(in Indonesian). 17346: 17340: 17339: 17328: 17322: 17321: 17301: 17295: 17294: 17274: 17268: 17262: 17256: 17249: 17243: 17234: 17228: 17226: 17224: 17222: 17215:Sejarah Kerajaan 17207: 17201: 17200: 17198: 17196: 17191:. 2 October 2018 17189:Nusantara Review 17181: 17175: 17169: 17163: 17162: 17157:. Archived from 17148: 17124: 17115: 17114: 17102: 17096: 17095: 17087: 17078: 17072: 17066: 17065: 17063: 17061: 17055:Nusantara Review 17046: 17040: 17039: 17024: 17023: 17018: 17012: 17001: 16995: 16994: 16958: 16952: 16938: 16932: 16931: 16921: 16897: 16891: 16885: 16879: 16873: 16867: 16866: 16856: 16850: 16844: 16838: 16837: 16819: 16813: 16812: 16794: 16774: 16768: 16767: 16749: 16743: 16742: 16726: 16720: 16719: 16701: 16695: 16688: 16682: 16681: 16671: 16665: 16664: 16644: 16638: 16637: 16627: 16616: 16615: 16592: 16586: 16585: 16572: 16566: 16565: 16552: 16546: 16545: 16532: 16526: 16525: 16502: 16496: 16495: 16485: 16479: 16472:The China Review 16466:Mayers (1876). " 16464: 16458: 16447: 16438: 16435: 16426: 16425: 16423: 16421: 16415:Nusantara Review 16406: 16397: 16391: 16385: 16379: 16373: 16367: 16361: 16355: 16349: 16348: 16330: 16324: 16318: 16312: 16305: 16299: 16292: 16286: 16285: 16275: 16269: 16266: 16260: 16253: 16247: 16233: 16227: 16226: 16206: 16200: 16199: 16167: 16158: 16151: 16142: 16141: 16133: 16127: 16126: 16106: 16100: 16093: 16087: 16080: 16074: 16068: 16062: 16049: 16043: 16037: 16036: 16032: 16011: 16005: 16004: 15996: 15990: 15989: 15968: 15962: 15949: 15940: 15939: 15929: 15923: 15922: 15904: 15898: 15897: 15889: 15870: 15852: 15846: 15840: 15834: 15833: 15815: 15809: 15808: 15800: 15791: 15790: 15772: 15766: 15765: 15763: 15761: 15755: 15742: 15736: 15735: 15733: 15731: 15717: 15711: 15710: 15692: 15683:(2/3): 207–274. 15668: 15662: 15661: 15641: 15635: 15634: 15632: 15630: 15614: 15603: 15600: 15594: 15588: 15582: 15576: 15570: 15567: 15561: 15560: 15549: 15543: 15542: 15518: 15512: 15511: 15491: 15482: 15481: 15463: 15454: 15448: 15442: 15441: 15439: 15437: 15422: 15416: 15415: 15413: 15411: 15405:Nusantara Review 15396: 15387: 15384: 15378: 15377: 15366:. Orchid Press. 15357: 15351: 15350: 15338: 15332: 15331: 15311: 15300: 15299: 15297: 15295: 15279: 15273: 15272: 15240: 15231: 15230: 15220: 15209: 15208: 15184: 15175: 15166: 15157: 15156: 15154: 15130: 15124: 15121: 15115: 15112: 15106: 15105: 15080: 15079: 15074: 15051: 15048: 15042: 15039: 15033: 15030: 15024: 15023: 15003: 14994: 14985: 14976: 14975: 14952: 14946: 14945: 14943: 14941: 14926: 14920: 14919: 14907: 14894: 14893: 14891: 14889: 14866: 14860: 14847: 14841: 14828: 14822: 14821: 14812:, archived from 14793: 14787: 14776: 14767: 14761: 14755: 14750: 14744: 14738: 14732: 14725: 14714: 14713: 14701: 14695: 14691: 14689: 14687: 14681: 14664: 14653: 14647: 14640: 14634: 14633: 14613: 14607: 14606: 14595: 14589: 14588: 14567: 14548: 14547: 14537: 14531: 14530: 14512: 14506: 14505: 14487: 14476: 14475: 14473: 14471: 14455: 14449: 14448: 14440: 14434: 14433: 14431: 14429: 14408: 14384: 14375: 14372: 14366: 14365: 14363: 14361: 14347: 14341: 14340: 14338: 14336: 14321: 14312: 14288: 14277: 14276: 14275:(in Indonesian). 14264: 14255: 14254: 14246: 14240: 14239: 14220: 14211: 14210: 14197: 14191: 14190: 14189:(in Indonesian). 14178: 14172: 14171: 14169: 14167: 14151: 14142: 14141: 14121: 14112: 14111: 14110:(in Indonesian). 14099: 14093: 14092: 14090: 14088: 14057: 14051: 14050: 14048: 14024: 14018: 14017: 13994: 13947: 13941: 13935: 13934: 13916: 13907: 13906: 13886: 13880: 13879: 13871: 13865: 13861: 13859: 13857: 13851: 13840: 13831: 13808: 13807: 13782: 13743: 13736: 13730: 13729: 13693: 13687: 13686: 13678: 13672: 13671: 13669: 13667: 13661:The Jakarta Post 13652: 13646: 13645: 13643: 13641: 13621: 13615: 13614: 13606: 13600: 13599: 13583: 13573: 13567: 13566: 13564: 13562: 13546: 13537: 13536: 13525: 13519: 13516: 13510: 13509: 13498: 13492: 13491: 13480: 13474: 13467: 13461: 13454: 13448: 13447: 13445: 13443: 13437:The Jakarta Post 13428: 13419: 13418: 13400: 13365: 13364: 13353: 13340: 13339: 13337: 13335: 13329: 13322: 13311: 13300: 13295: 13289: 13288: 13268: 13257: 13256: 13248: 13242: 13241: 13239: 13237: 13223: 13217: 13216: 13214: 13212: 13207:on 8 August 2016 13203:. Archived from 13172: 13166: 13165: 13141: 13135: 13134: 13126: 13104: 13086: 13080: 13052: 13046: 13039: 13033: 13023: 13017: 13014: 13008: 13005: 12996: 12993: 12987: 12984: 12978: 12962:wore unstitched 12956: 12950: 12943: 12937: 12929: 12923: 12919: 12913: 12884: 12878: 12875: 12869: 12866: 12860: 12845: 12839: 12836: 12830: 12824: 12816: 12810: 12797: 12791: 12785: 12764:Hinduism in Java 12714:Majapahit Museum 12707: 12705:Indonesia portal 12702: 12701: 12700: 12594:Kidung Sundayana 12353: 12345:Girindrawardhana 12187: 12173: 12161: 11979: 11955: 11756: 11742:♀ Kusumawardhani 11561: 11364: 11345: 11153: 10925: 10924: 10910: 10909: 10887:Girindrawardhana 10851:Girishawardhana 10650:Victory against 10619: 10545:Telkom Indonesia 10467:Garuda Pancasila 10459:Kakawin Sutasoma 10323:Balinese culture 10309:Bas relief from 10264:split gate, the 10248:Balinese temples 10212: 10079: 10072: 10065: 10051: 10050: 10049: 9818:Sabah earthquake 9359: 9358: 9342: 9315:Political crisis 9289: 9272:Sedition Dragnet 9202:Operation Lalang 9176: 9164: 9088: 9087: 8963: 8962: 8870: 8869: 8866:Formative period 8849:Jesselton revolt 8769:Bornean Campaign 8759:Malayan campaign 8738: 8737: 8707:Battle of Penang 8573:Pahang Civil War 8449: 8448: 8392: 8369: 8332:Pahang Sultanate 8306: 8299:Brunei Sultanate 8283: 8272: 8271: 8204: 8164: 8163: 8141: 8130: 8119: 8095: 8071: 8063: 8055: 8039: 8038: 8014: 7996: 7995: 7829:, suggests that 7589: 7588: 7583: 7575: 7574: 7569: 7561: 7560: 7555: 7547: 7546: 7541: 7517: 7508: 7497: 7488: 7453: 7439: 7425: 7371:Xingcha Shenglan 7276: 7264: 7244:Deity holding a 7241: 7221: 7209: 7193: 7051: 7040: 6933: 6925: 6918: 6911: 6902: 6901: 6701:), as mentioned 6017:daughter-in-law 5983:daughter-in-law 5962:daughter-in-law 5783: 5767:Wikramawardhana 5533: 5528:Dyah Hayam Wuruk 5469:(prince or duke) 5365:Dharmma-upapatti 5309:, marriage, and 5223: 5212: 5201: 4712: 4703: 4662: 4653: 4642: 4633: 4563: 4554: 4468:Queen Tribhuwana 4464:King Kertarajasa 4404:) or palm leaf ( 4354:Kakawin Sutasoma 4062: 4055: 4048: 4034: 4033: 4032: 4023: 4022: 4021: 3959:Kalingga Kingdom 3917:Indian Influence 3870: 3847: 3846: 3693: 3681: 3669: 3649: 3572:—a record about 3453: 3433: 3417: 3397: 3355:mountain range. 3188:Girindrawardhana 2993:Treasure voyages 2947:Melaka Sultanate 2859:tributary states 2664:, collection of 2611:Sulu Archipelago 2175: 2167: 2166: 2123:puppet of Raden 2039:''Deśarvarṇana'' 1908: 1906: 1896: 1894: 1822:Sulu Archipelago 1765: 1762: 1732: 1727: 1723: 1709: 1705: 1704: 1699: 1695: 1689:romanized: 1688: 1686: 1666: 1659: 1652: 1638: 1637: 1636: 1450:Guided Democracy 1436: 1435: 1381: 1380: 1302: 1301: 1271:Lanfang Republic 1257: 1256: 1220: 1219: 1141:1600s–1926 1131:1528s–1877 1097:Banjar Sultanate 1087:Banten Sultanate 1071:1500s–1967 987:Brunei Sultanate 923: 922: 900:Majapahit Empire 800:Srivijaya Empire 780:Kalingga Kingdom 746: 745: 713:Toba catastrophe 696:94,000–12,000 BP 667: 666: 647: 637: 619: 618: 596: 595: 530: 529: 518: 517: 505: 504: 498: 497: 482: 481: 409: 406: 396:Girīndravardhana 391: 388: 78: 67: 58: 32: 31: 21: 20: 21423: 21422: 21418: 21417: 21416: 21414: 21413: 21412: 21318: 21317: 21316: 21311: 21300:seize quartiers 21262: 21231: 21183: 21150: 21107: 21066: 21027:Petrović-Njegoš 20901: 20831: 20797:Negeri Sembilan 20765: 20717: 20689: 20643: 20538: 20510: 20507: 20475: 20470: 20459:American Empire 20444: 20440:African empires 20392: 20275: 19967:Central African 19913: 19731:Romano-Germanic 19317: 19051:Middle Assyrian 19024: 19016: 19011: 18981: 18976: 18948: 18916: 18907: 18888:Northern Cyprus 18874: 18867: 18609: 18604: 18574: 18569: 18546: 18517: 18500: 18483: 18457: 18414: 18376: 18328: 18256: 18175: 18111: 18097:Sumedang Larang 18055: 17955: 17952: 17922: 17906:Wayback Machine 17884: 17875: 17854: 17852: 17839: 17820: 17801: 17782: 17763: 17735: 17698: 17680: 17664: 17659: 17644: 17643: 17639: 17626: 17625: 17621: 17608: 17607: 17603: 17593: 17591: 17583:Preuss, Shane. 17581: 17577: 17570: 17544: 17540: 17530: 17528: 17519: 17518: 17514: 17504: 17502: 17501:on 3 March 2018 17487: 17483: 17473: 17471: 17470:on 29 July 2014 17456: 17452: 17442: 17440: 17431: 17430: 17426: 17416: 17414: 17406: 17405: 17401: 17393: 17389: 17374: 17370: 17362: 17358: 17347: 17343: 17330: 17329: 17325: 17318: 17302: 17298: 17291: 17275: 17271: 17263: 17259: 17250: 17246: 17235: 17231: 17220: 17218: 17217:. 29 March 2021 17209: 17208: 17204: 17194: 17192: 17183: 17182: 17178: 17170: 17166: 17125: 17118: 17103: 17099: 17088: 17081: 17073: 17069: 17059: 17057: 17047: 17043: 17021: 17019: 17015: 17002: 16998: 16959: 16955: 16939: 16935: 16898: 16894: 16886: 16882: 16874: 16870: 16857: 16853: 16845: 16841: 16834: 16820: 16816: 16785:(91): 185–202. 16775: 16771: 16764: 16750: 16746: 16727: 16723: 16716: 16702: 16698: 16689: 16685: 16672: 16668: 16661: 16645: 16641: 16628: 16619: 16609: 16593: 16589: 16581:. p. 111. 16573: 16569: 16553: 16549: 16533: 16529: 16519: 16503: 16499: 16486: 16482: 16465: 16461: 16448: 16441: 16436: 16429: 16419: 16417: 16407: 16400: 16392: 16388: 16380: 16376: 16368: 16364: 16356: 16352: 16345: 16331: 16327: 16319: 16315: 16306: 16302: 16293: 16289: 16276: 16272: 16267: 16263: 16254: 16250: 16234: 16230: 16223: 16207: 16203: 16176:Arts Asiatiques 16168: 16161: 16152: 16145: 16134: 16130: 16123: 16107: 16103: 16094: 16090: 16081: 16077: 16069: 16065: 16050: 16046: 16034: 16029: 16012: 16008: 15997: 15993: 15986: 15972:Miksic, John M. 15969: 15965: 15950: 15943: 15930: 15926: 15919: 15905: 15901: 15890: 15873: 15867:Wayback Machine 15853: 15849: 15841: 15837: 15830: 15816: 15812: 15801: 15794: 15787: 15773: 15769: 15759: 15757: 15753: 15743: 15739: 15729: 15727: 15719: 15718: 15714: 15669: 15665: 15658: 15642: 15638: 15628: 15626: 15625:(in Indonesian) 15615: 15606: 15601: 15597: 15589: 15585: 15577: 15573: 15568: 15564: 15551: 15550: 15546: 15519: 15515: 15508: 15492: 15485: 15478: 15464: 15457: 15449: 15445: 15435: 15433: 15423: 15419: 15409: 15407: 15397: 15390: 15385: 15381: 15374: 15358: 15354: 15339: 15335: 15328: 15312: 15303: 15293: 15291: 15290:(in Indonesian) 15280: 15276: 15241: 15234: 15221: 15212: 15185: 15178: 15167: 15160: 15131: 15127: 15122: 15118: 15113: 15109: 15102: 15077: 15075: 15054: 15049: 15045: 15040: 15036: 15031: 15027: 15020: 15004: 14997: 14986: 14979: 14972: 14953: 14949: 14939: 14937: 14928: 14927: 14923: 14908: 14897: 14887: 14885: 14883: 14867: 14863: 14848: 14844: 14829: 14825: 14810: 14794: 14790: 14777: 14770: 14762: 14758: 14751: 14747: 14739: 14735: 14726: 14717: 14702: 14698: 14685: 14683: 14679: 14673: 14662: 14654: 14650: 14642:Cribb, Robert, 14641: 14637: 14630: 14614: 14610: 14596: 14592: 14585: 14575:Ancient History 14568: 14551: 14538: 14534: 14527: 14513: 14509: 14502: 14488: 14479: 14469: 14467: 14466:(in Indonesian) 14456: 14452: 14441: 14437: 14427: 14425: 14385: 14378: 14373: 14369: 14359: 14357: 14348: 14344: 14334: 14332: 14323: 14322: 14315: 14289: 14280: 14265: 14258: 14247: 14243: 14237: 14221: 14214: 14198: 14194: 14179: 14175: 14165: 14163: 14162:(in Indonesian) 14152: 14145: 14138: 14122: 14115: 14100: 14096: 14086: 14084: 14074: 14058: 14054: 14025: 14021: 14014: 13995: 13950: 13942: 13938: 13931: 13917: 13910: 13903: 13887: 13883: 13872: 13868: 13855: 13853: 13849: 13838: 13832: 13811: 13804: 13794:Hakluyt Society 13783: 13746: 13737: 13733: 13710:10.2307/2050416 13694: 13690: 13679: 13675: 13665: 13663: 13653: 13649: 13639: 13637: 13622: 13618: 13607: 13603: 13596: 13574: 13570: 13560: 13558: 13547: 13540: 13526: 13522: 13517: 13513: 13502:Muljana, Slamet 13499: 13495: 13484:Muljana, Slamet 13481: 13477: 13468: 13464: 13455: 13451: 13441: 13439: 13429: 13422: 13415: 13401: 13368: 13355: 13354: 13343: 13333: 13331: 13327: 13320: 13312: 13303: 13296: 13292: 13285: 13269: 13260: 13249: 13245: 13235: 13233: 13225: 13224: 13220: 13210: 13208: 13193: 13173: 13169: 13142: 13138: 13127: 13116: 13112: 13107: 13087: 13083: 13053: 13049: 13040: 13036: 13024: 13020: 13015: 13011: 13006: 12999: 12994: 12990: 12985: 12981: 12957: 12953: 12944: 12940: 12930: 12926: 12920: 12916: 12885: 12881: 12876: 12872: 12867: 12863: 12849:Nagarakretagama 12846: 12842: 12837: 12833: 12798: 12794: 12788:Surya Majapahit 12786: 12782: 12778: 12773: 12703: 12698: 12696: 12693: 12621:Surya Majapahit 12588:set around the 12418: 12352: 12351: 12348: 12346: 12186: 12185: 12182: 12172: 12171: 12169:Girishawardhana 12160: 12159: 12156: 11978: 11977: 11965: 11963: 11954: 11953: 11950: 11948: 11755: 11754: 11750: 11560: 11559: 11555: 11363: 11362: 11358: 11356: 11344: 11343: 11339: 11337: 11163: 11152: 11151: 11147: 10978: 10959: 10922: 10919: 10908: 10872:later moved to 10822:Rajasawardhana 10754:Wikramawardhana 10590: 10581:Trowulan Museum 10490:as well as the 10404:'s conquest of 10351:Tantu Pagelaran 10339:Nagarakretagama 10335:Kingdom of Bali 10311:Candi Penataran 10240:Nagarakretagama 10083: 10047: 10045: 10040: 10039: 10038: 10001: 9993: 9992: 9991: 9956: 9948: 9947: 9618:MH2133 incident 9548:Sabah Emergency 9538:Memali Incident 9418:13 May Incident 9356: 9348: 9347: 9340: 9287: 9192:Memali incident 9174: 9092:13 May incident 9085: 9077: 9076: 8960: 8952: 8951: 8867: 8859: 8858: 8752: 8749: 8735: 8727: 8726: 8657:Pahang Uprising 8446: 8445:Colonial period 8438: 8437: 8390: 8367: 8362:Johor Sultanate 8304: 8281: 8276:Kedah Sultanate 8269: 8261: 8260: 8245:700s–1025 8161: 8153: 8152: 8143:Neolithic Klang 8139: 8131:Perak man/woman 8128: 8120:Bewah man/woman 8117: 8093: 8069: 8057:Lenggong Valley 8053: 8036: 8012: 8005: 7994: 7985:Demak Sultanate 7953:Yǒng-Lè Emperor 7819: 7732:were used, and 7694: 7627:Battle of Bubat 7527: 7526: 7525: 7524: 7520: 7519: 7518: 7510: 7509: 7500: 7499: 7498: 7490: 7489: 7461: 7460: 7459: 7458: 7457: 7454: 7445: 7444: 7443: 7440: 7431: 7430: 7429: 7426: 7417: 7416: 7405:(hand cannon), 7384:Shuyu zhouzi lu 7284: 7277: 7268: 7265: 7256: 7242: 7233: 7222: 7213: 7210: 7201: 7194: 7182: 7165:, men carrying 7154: 7078: 7077: 7076: 7075: 7058: 7054: 7053: 7052: 7043: 7042: 7041: 6972: 6967: 6953:Battle of Bubat 6934: 6931: 6929: 6899: 6837:in Sumatra and 6828: 6590:, West Papua), 6401:Malay Peninsula 6352:, Kota Lingga, 6297:, today around 6253:, Teba (either 6239:Nagarakretagama 6196:Malay Peninsula 6124:Arjuno-Welirang 6090: 6084: 6038:Dyah Suréswari 5870:Wengker (today 5693:Kusumawardhani 5678:brother in-law 5675:Singhawardhana 5657:Bhre Wirabhumi 5654:Bhre Wirabhumi 5639:Rajasawardhana 5611:Wengker (today 5564:Bhre Kahuripan 5515:with the title 5513:Paduka Bhattara 5461:(governor), or 5426: 5379:Rakryan Mapatih 5351:, the board of 5333: 5319:Yingya Shenglan 5253: 5237: 5236: 5235: 5234: 5231:Surya Majapahit 5226: 5225: 5224: 5215: 5214: 5213: 5204: 5203: 5202: 5191: 5146:Yingya Shenglan 5100:a desire for a 5078:(collection of 4903:Yingya Shenglan 4885: 4873:Punden Berundak 4767:Surawana temple 4741: 4740: 4739: 4738: 4722: 4715: 4714: 4713: 4705: 4704: 4672: 4671: 4670: 4669: 4665: 4664: 4663: 4655: 4654: 4645: 4644: 4643: 4635: 4634: 4581:Yingya Shenglan 4577: 4576: 4575: 4574: 4566: 4565: 4564: 4556: 4555: 4544: 4538: 4422: 4416: 4390:Yingya Shenglan 4382: 4377: 4373: 4369: 4299:Tantu Pagelaran 4291:Nagarakretagama 4242: 4181:, the Javanese 4114:Mataram Kingdom 4096:Nagarakretagama 4066: 4030: 4028: 4019: 4017: 4012: 4011: 4010: 3990: 3980: 3979: 3978: 3943: 3933: 3932: 3931: 3922:Sanskritisation 3911: 3901: 3900: 3899: 3878: 3845: 3797:self immolation 3701: 3694: 3685: 3682: 3673: 3670: 3661: 3650: 3586:Wikramawardhana 3569:Yingya Shenglan 3457: 3454: 3445: 3434: 3425: 3418: 3409: 3398: 3361: 3276: 3226:chandrasengkala 3175: 3109: 3076:Yingya Shenglan 2995: 2989: 2973:Wikramawardhana 2961: 2955: 2908:Wikramawardhana 2903: 2867:Nagarakretagama 2850:Surya Majapahit 2786:Malay Peninsula 2772:extending from 2766:Nagarakretagama 2743:Nagarakretagama 2720:Battle of Bubat 2666:Trowulan Museum 2583:Malay Peninsula 2574:Nagarakretagama 2558:Demak Sultanate 2546: 2473: 2468: 2381: 2359:princess named 2329:National Museum 2301: 2241: 2235: 2233:Mongol invasion 2195: 2190: 2159:Yingya Shenglan 2134: 2132:Chinese Sources 2072:Nagarakretagama 2070:(also known as 2052: 2012: 1986: 1981: 1871:Berthold Laufer 1834: 1816:, southwestern 1763: 1755:(in modern-day 1725: 1697: 1670: 1634: 1632: 1627: 1626: 1625: 1623: 1535: 1527: 1526: 1525: 1500: 1490: 1489: 1474:1967–1998 1464:1966–1967 1454:1959–1966 1444:1950–1959 1433: 1425: 1424: 1419:1949–1950 1409:1945–1949 1399:1942–1945 1389:1908–1942 1378: 1370: 1369: 1364: 1363:1945–1949 1362: 1361:1800–1942 1350:1806–1816 1340:1685–1824 1330:1602–1799 1320:1521–1677 1310:1512–1850 1299: 1291: 1290: 1285:1777–1853 1275:1777–1884 1265:1776–1854 1254: 1244: 1243: 1217: 1207: 1206: 1201:1824–1911 1191:1814–1946 1161:1725–1946 1151:1659–1823 1127:Johor Sultanate 1121:1586–1755 1111:1527–1599 1101:1526–1863 1081:1496–1903 1061:1515–1946 1051:1486–1914 1041:1496–1903 1031:1475–1554 1027:Demak Sultanate 1021:1445–1677 1011:1405–1851 1001:1400–1511 991:1368–1888 981:1347–1833 971:1267–1521 961:1257–1914 951:1225–1613 927:Spread of Islam 920: 910: 909: 904:1293–1527 894:1222–1292 874:1183–1347 864:1045–1221 854:1019–1045 820:Mataram Kingdom 743: 733: 732: 664: 635: 628: 617: 616: 615: 606:Without proper 602:Javanese script 597: 593: 584: 527: 522:Demak Sultanate 502: 452: 438: 410: 407: 392: 389: 369: 352: 331: 314: 302: 285:Vikramavardhana 281: 248: 231: 218: 201: 87: 69: 68: 64:Surya Majapahit 59: 42: 38: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 21421: 21411: 21410: 21405: 21400: 21395: 21390: 21385: 21380: 21375: 21370: 21365: 21360: 21355: 21350: 21345: 21340: 21335: 21330: 21313: 21312: 21310: 21309: 21304: 21303: 21302: 21292: 21291: 21290: 21280: 21274: 21272: 21268: 21267: 21264: 21263: 21261: 21260: 21255: 21250: 21245: 21239: 21237: 21233: 21232: 21230: 21229: 21224: 21223: 21222: 21217: 21212: 21211: 21210: 21200: 21191: 21189: 21185: 21184: 21182: 21181: 21180: 21179: 21174: 21169: 21158: 21156: 21152: 21151: 21149: 21148: 21143: 21142: 21141: 21136: 21134:Julio-Claudian 21126: 21121: 21115: 21113: 21109: 21108: 21106: 21105: 21100: 21095: 21090: 21088:United Georgia 21085: 21080: 21074: 21072: 21065: 21064: 21059: 21054: 21049: 21044: 21039: 21034: 21029: 21024: 21019: 21018: 21017: 21007: 21002: 20997: 20992: 20987: 20982: 20977: 20972: 20967: 20962: 20961: 20960: 20955: 20945: 20940: 20935: 20930: 20925: 20920: 20915: 20909: 20907: 20903: 20902: 20900: 20899: 20894: 20893: 20892: 20887: 20882: 20877: 20872: 20867: 20862: 20857: 20852: 20843: 20841: 20837: 20836: 20833: 20832: 20830: 20829: 20824: 20819: 20814: 20809: 20804: 20799: 20794: 20789: 20784: 20779: 20773: 20771: 20767: 20766: 20764: 20763: 20758: 20753: 20748: 20743: 20742: 20741: 20739:Warring States 20736: 20725: 20723: 20719: 20718: 20716: 20715: 20714: 20713: 20703: 20697: 20695: 20691: 20690: 20688: 20687: 20682: 20677: 20672: 20667: 20662: 20657: 20651: 20649: 20642: 20641: 20636: 20631: 20630: 20629: 20619: 20614: 20609: 20604: 20599: 20594: 20589: 20584: 20579: 20578: 20577: 20572: 20562: 20557: 20552: 20546: 20544: 20540: 20539: 20537: 20536: 20531: 20530: 20529: 20518: 20516: 20512: 20511: 20506: 20505: 20498: 20491: 20483: 20472: 20471: 20469: 20468: 20467: 20466: 20461: 20452: 20450: 20446: 20445: 20443: 20442: 20437: 20432: 20427: 20422: 20417: 20416: 20415: 20404: 20402: 20398: 20397: 20394: 20393: 20391: 20390: 20385: 20380: 20375: 20370: 20369: 20368: 20358: 20353: 20348: 20343: 20338: 20333: 20328: 20323: 20318: 20313: 20312: 20311: 20306: 20296: 20291: 20285: 20283: 20274: 20273: 20272: 20271: 20266: 20261: 20256: 20251: 20241: 20236: 20235: 20234: 20224: 20219: 20218: 20217: 20212: 20207: 20197: 20192: 20191: 20190: 20185: 20175: 20174: 20173: 20168: 20163: 20158: 20153: 20143: 20142: 20141: 20136: 20126: 20121: 20116: 20111: 20110: 20109: 20104: 20099: 20094: 20089: 20079: 20078: 20077: 20072: 20062: 20057: 20056: 20055: 20050: 20040: 20039: 20038: 20033: 20023: 20022: 20021: 20016: 20006: 20001: 20000: 19999: 19994: 19989: 19984: 19979: 19969: 19964: 19963: 19962: 19957: 19949: 19944: 19939: 19934: 19929: 19923: 19921: 19915: 19914: 19912: 19911: 19906: 19901: 19896: 19895: 19894: 19889: 19884: 19879: 19874: 19869: 19864: 19854: 19849: 19848: 19847: 19842: 19837: 19832: 19827: 19822: 19812: 19811: 19810: 19805: 19800: 19795: 19785: 19780: 19775: 19770: 19765: 19760: 19755: 19750: 19745: 19744: 19743: 19738: 19728: 19727: 19726: 19721: 19716: 19711: 19706: 19701: 19688: 19683: 19678: 19673: 19672: 19671: 19666: 19661: 19651: 19650: 19649: 19644: 19639: 19634: 19624: 19619: 19614: 19609: 19604: 19599: 19598: 19597: 19592: 19587: 19582: 19572: 19571: 19570: 19565: 19560: 19555: 19545: 19544: 19543: 19538: 19533: 19523: 19518: 19513: 19508: 19503: 19502: 19501: 19496: 19491: 19481: 19476: 19475: 19474: 19469: 19464: 19459: 19454: 19449: 19439: 19438: 19437: 19432: 19422: 19421: 19420: 19415: 19410: 19405: 19395: 19390: 19389: 19388: 19378: 19377: 19376: 19371: 19363: 19358: 19353: 19348: 19343: 19338: 19333: 19327: 19325: 19323:Post-classical 19319: 19318: 19316: 19315: 19314: 19313: 19303: 19298: 19297: 19296: 19291: 19281: 19280: 19279: 19269: 19268: 19267: 19262: 19257: 19252: 19247: 19242: 19232: 19227: 19222: 19221: 19220: 19215: 19210: 19205: 19195: 19194: 19193: 19188: 19178: 19173: 19172: 19171: 19166: 19161: 19156: 19151: 19141: 19136: 19131: 19130: 19129: 19124: 19122:Middle Kingdom 19119: 19109: 19104: 19103: 19102: 19097: 19092: 19082: 19081: 19080: 19078:Neo-Babylonian 19075: 19070: 19068:Old Babylonian 19060: 19059: 19058: 19053: 19043: 19038: 19032: 19030: 19018: 19017: 19010: 19009: 19002: 18995: 18987: 18978: 18977: 18975: 18974: 18964: 18953: 18950: 18949: 18947: 18946: 18941: 18936: 18931: 18926: 18920: 18918: 18909: 18908: 18906: 18905: 18900: 18895: 18890: 18885: 18879: 18877: 18869: 18868: 18866: 18865: 18860: 18855: 18850: 18845: 18840: 18835: 18830: 18825: 18820: 18815: 18810: 18805: 18800: 18795: 18790: 18785: 18780: 18775: 18770: 18765: 18760: 18755: 18750: 18745: 18740: 18735: 18730: 18725: 18720: 18715: 18710: 18705: 18700: 18695: 18690: 18685: 18680: 18675: 18670: 18665: 18660: 18655: 18650: 18645: 18640: 18635: 18630: 18625: 18619: 18617: 18611: 18610: 18603: 18602: 18595: 18588: 18580: 18571: 18570: 18568: 18567: 18562: 18556: 18554: 18548: 18547: 18545: 18544: 18539: 18534: 18529: 18524: 18512: 18507: 18495: 18490: 18478: 18473: 18467: 18465: 18459: 18458: 18456: 18455: 18450: 18445: 18440: 18435: 18430: 18424: 18422: 18416: 18415: 18413: 18412: 18407: 18402: 18397: 18392: 18386: 18384: 18378: 18377: 18375: 18374: 18369: 18364: 18359: 18354: 18349: 18344: 18338: 18336: 18330: 18329: 18327: 18326: 18321: 18316: 18311: 18306: 18301: 18296: 18291: 18286: 18281: 18276: 18270: 18268: 18262: 18261: 18258: 18257: 18255: 18254: 18249: 18244: 18242:Samudera Pasai 18239: 18234: 18229: 18224: 18219: 18214: 18209: 18204: 18199: 18194: 18189: 18183: 18181: 18177: 18176: 18174: 18173: 18168: 18163: 18158: 18153: 18148: 18143: 18138: 18132: 18130: 18129:Hindu/Buddhist 18123: 18117: 18116: 18113: 18112: 18110: 18109: 18104: 18099: 18094: 18089: 18084: 18079: 18074: 18069: 18063: 18061: 18057: 18056: 18054: 18053: 18048: 18043: 18038: 18033: 18028: 18023: 18018: 18013: 18008: 18003: 17998: 17993: 17988: 17983: 17978: 17972: 17970: 17969:Hindu/Buddhist 17963: 17957: 17956: 17951: 17950: 17943: 17936: 17928: 17921: 17920: 17908: 17896: 17891: 17885: 17883: 17882:External links 17880: 17879: 17878: 17873: 17860: 17843: 17837: 17824: 17818: 17805: 17799: 17786: 17780: 17767: 17761: 17748: 17739: 17733: 17720: 17718:. Ragam Media. 17711: 17702: 17696: 17683: 17678: 17663: 17660: 17658: 17657: 17654:. 10 May 2017. 17637: 17619: 17601: 17575: 17568: 17538: 17512: 17481: 17450: 17439:on 11 May 2019 17424: 17399: 17397:, p. 274. 17387: 17382:Brunei Sources 17368: 17356: 17341: 17323: 17316: 17296: 17289: 17269: 17257: 17244: 17229: 17227:in Indonesian. 17202: 17176: 17164: 17116: 17097: 17079: 17067: 17041: 17013: 17005:Sejarah Melayu 16996: 16969:(2): 266–276. 16953: 16933: 16892: 16880: 16868: 16851: 16839: 16832: 16814: 16769: 16762: 16744: 16721: 16714: 16696: 16683: 16666: 16659: 16639: 16617: 16607: 16587: 16567: 16547: 16527: 16517: 16497: 16480: 16459: 16439: 16427: 16398: 16386: 16384:, p. 321. 16374: 16362: 16360:, p. 386. 16350: 16343: 16325: 16313: 16300: 16287: 16270: 16261: 16248: 16228: 16221: 16201: 16159: 16155:Jurnal Sejarah 16143: 16128: 16121: 16101: 16088: 16075: 16073:, p. 182. 16063: 16044: 16027: 16006: 15991: 15984: 15963: 15941: 15924: 15917: 15899: 15871: 15858:, in the site 15847: 15835: 15828: 15810: 15807:. Ragam Media. 15792: 15785: 15767: 15737: 15712: 15663: 15656: 15636: 15604: 15595: 15583: 15571: 15562: 15544: 15513: 15506: 15483: 15476: 15455: 15453:, p. 138. 15443: 15417: 15388: 15379: 15372: 15352: 15333: 15326: 15301: 15274: 15255:(2): 325–341. 15232: 15210: 15176: 15158: 15145:(4): 665–683. 15125: 15116: 15107: 15100: 15052: 15043: 15034: 15025: 15018: 14995: 14977: 14970: 14947: 14921: 14916:Times of India 14895: 14881: 14861: 14842: 14823: 14808: 14788: 14780:Sejarah Melayu 14768: 14756: 14745: 14733: 14715: 14696: 14671: 14648: 14635: 14628: 14608: 14590: 14583: 14573:, ed. (1999). 14549: 14532: 14525: 14507: 14500: 14477: 14450: 14435: 14376: 14367: 14342: 14329:jejakrekam.com 14313: 14278: 14256: 14241: 14235: 14212: 14192: 14173: 14143: 14136: 14113: 14094: 14073:978-9794074084 14072: 14052: 14019: 14012: 13948: 13936: 13929: 13908: 13901: 13881: 13866: 13843:Washington.edu 13809: 13802: 13744: 13731: 13688: 13673: 13647: 13636:on 23 May 2018 13616: 13601: 13594: 13568: 13557:on 26 May 2015 13538: 13520: 13511: 13493: 13475: 13462: 13449: 13420: 13413: 13366: 13341: 13301: 13290: 13283: 13258: 13243: 13218: 13192:978-1576077702 13191: 13167: 13136: 13133:. New Mandala. 13113: 13111: 13108: 13106: 13105: 13081: 13076:rampokan macan 13047: 13034: 13018: 13009: 12997: 12988: 12979: 12951: 12938: 12924: 12914: 12889:candrasengkala 12879: 12870: 12861: 12840: 12831: 12792: 12779: 12777: 12774: 12772: 12771: 12766: 12761: 12756: 12751: 12746: 12741: 12736: 12731: 12726: 12721: 12716: 12710: 12709: 12708: 12692: 12689: 12688: 12687: 12676: 12667: 12644: 12624: 12617:Civilization 5 12603: 12597: 12577: 12570:Kuti rebellion 12549: 12525: 12519: 12509: 12491: 12481: 12471: 12445: 12417: 12414: 12411: 12410: 12407: 12405: 12404: 12402: 12400: 12398: 12396: 12394: 12392: 12390: 12388: 12386: 12384: 12382: 12380: 12378: 12376: 12374: 12372: 12370: 12368: 12366: 12364: 12362: 12360: 12358: 12356: 12342: 12340: 12338: 12336: 12334: 12332: 12330: 12328: 12326: 12324: 12322: 12320: 12317: 12315: 12314: 12312: 12310: 12308: 12306: 12304: 12302: 12300: 12298: 12296: 12294: 12292: 12290: 12288: 12286: 12284: 12282: 12280: 12278: 12276: 12274: 12272: 12270: 12268: 12266: 12264: 12262: 12260: 12258: 12256: 12254: 12252: 12250: 12248: 12246: 12244: 12242: 12240: 12238: 12236: 12234: 12232: 12229: 12227: 12226: 12224: 12222: 12220: 12218: 12216: 12214: 12212: 12210: 12208: 12206: 12204: 12202: 12200: 12198: 12196: 12194: 12192: 12190: 12178: 12176: 12166: 12164: 12155:Rajasawardhana 12152: 12150: 12148: 12146: 12144: 12142: 12140: 12138: 12136: 12134: 12132: 12130: 12127: 12126: 12124: 12122: 12120: 12118: 12116: 12114: 12112: 12110: 12108: 12106: 12103: 12102: 12100: 12098: 12096: 12094: 12092: 12090: 12088: 12086: 12084: 12082: 12080: 12078: 12076: 12074: 12072: 12070: 12068: 12066: 12064: 12062: 12060: 12058: 12056: 12054: 12052: 12050: 12048: 12046: 12044: 12042: 12040: 12038: 12036: 12034: 12032: 12030: 12028: 12026: 12024: 12022: 12020: 12018: 12016: 12013: 12012: 12009: 12008: 12006: 12004: 12002: 12000: 11998: 11996: 11994: 11992: 11990: 11988: 11986: 11984: 11982: 11969: 11967: 11960: 11958: 11944: 11942: 11940: 11938: 11936: 11934: 11932: 11930: 11928: 11926: 11924: 11922: 11920: 11918: 11916: 11914: 11911: 11910: 11908: 11906: 11904: 11902: 11900: 11898: 11896: 11894: 11891: 11890: 11888: 11886: 11884: 11882: 11880: 11878: 11876: 11874: 11872: 11870: 11868: 11866: 11864: 11862: 11860: 11858: 11856: 11854: 11852: 11850: 11848: 11846: 11844: 11842: 11840: 11838: 11836: 11834: 11832: 11830: 11828: 11826: 11824: 11822: 11820: 11818: 11816: 11814: 11812: 11810: 11808: 11806: 11804: 11802: 11799: 11798: 11796: 11794: 11791: 11790: 11788: 11786: 11784: 11782: 11780: 11778: 11776: 11774: 11772: 11770: 11768: 11766: 11764: 11761: 11759: 11745: 11743: 11740: 11738: 11736: 11734: 11732: 11730: 11728: 11726: 11724: 11722: 11720: 11718: 11716: 11714: 11712: 11710: 11707: 11706: 11704: 11702: 11700: 11697: 11696: 11694: 11692: 11690: 11688: 11686: 11684: 11682: 11680: 11678: 11676: 11674: 11672: 11670: 11668: 11666: 11664: 11662: 11660: 11658: 11656: 11654: 11652: 11650: 11648: 11646: 11644: 11642: 11640: 11638: 11636: 11634: 11632: 11630: 11628: 11626: 11624: 11622: 11620: 11618: 11616: 11614: 11612: 11610: 11607: 11606: 11604: 11601: 11600: 11598: 11596: 11594: 11592: 11590: 11588: 11586: 11584: 11582: 11580: 11578: 11576: 11574: 11573:♀ Dyah Nertaja 11571: 11569: 11568:Singhawardhana 11566: 11564: 11550: 11548: 11546: 11544: 11542: 11540: 11538: 11536: 11534: 11532: 11530: 11528: 11526: 11524: 11522: 11520: 11517: 11516: 11514: 11512: 11510: 11508: 11506: 11504: 11502: 11500: 11498: 11495: 11494: 11492: 11490: 11488: 11486: 11484: 11482: 11480: 11478: 11476: 11474: 11472: 11470: 11468: 11466: 11464: 11462: 11460: 11458: 11456: 11454: 11452: 11450: 11448: 11446: 11444: 11442: 11440: 11438: 11436: 11434: 11432: 11430: 11428: 11426: 11424: 11422: 11420: 11418: 11416: 11414: 11412: 11410: 11408: 11405: 11404: 11402: 11399: 11398: 11396: 11394: 11392: 11390: 11388: 11386: 11384: 11382: 11380: 11378: 11376: 11374: 11372: 11369: 11367: 11355:Sri Tribhuwana 11350: 11348: 11340:Dewa Adhiswara 11332: 11330: 11328: 11326: 11324: 11322: 11320: 11318: 11316: 11314: 11312: 11310: 11308: 11306: 11304: 11302: 11299: 11297: 11296: 11294: 11292: 11290: 11288: 11286: 11284: 11282: 11280: 11278: 11276: 11274: 11272: 11270: 11268: 11266: 11264: 11262: 11260: 11258: 11256: 11254: 11252: 11250: 11248: 11246: 11244: 11242: 11240: 11238: 11236: 11234: 11232: 11230: 11228: 11226: 11224: 11222: 11220: 11218: 11216: 11214: 11212: 11209: 11208: 11206: 11204: 11202: 11199: 11198: 11196: 11194: 11192: 11190: 11188: 11186: 11184: 11182: 11180: 11178: 11176: 11174: 11172: 11170: 11168: 11166: 11158: 11156: 11142: 11140: 11134: 11132: 11130: 11128: 11126: 11124: 11122: 11120: 11118: 11116: 11114: 11112: 11110: 11108: 11105: 11103: 11102: 11100: 11098: 11096: 11094: 11092: 11090: 11088: 11086: 11084: 11082: 11080: 11078: 11076: 11074: 11072: 11070: 11068: 11066: 11064: 11062: 11060: 11058: 11056: 11054: 11052: 11050: 11048: 11046: 11044: 11042: 11040: 11038: 11036: 11034: 11032: 11030: 11028: 11026: 11024: 11022: 11020: 11018: 11015: 11013: 11012: 11010: 11008: 11006: 11004: 11002: 11000: 10998: 10996: 10994: 10992: 10990: 10988: 10986: 10984: 10982: 10973: 10971: 10969: 10967: 10965: 10963: 10954: 10952: 10950: 10948: 10946: 10944: 10942: 10940: 10938: 10936: 10934: 10932: 10930: 10928: 10915: 10914: 10907: 10904: 10901: 10900: 10894: 10889: 10884: 10880: 10879: 10876: 10867: 10864: 10860: 10859: 10857: 10852: 10849: 10845: 10844: 10842: 10840: 10835: 10831: 10830: 10828: 10823: 10820: 10816: 10815: 10813: 10808: 10805: 10801: 10800: 10798: 10793: 10784: 10780: 10779: 10762: 10757: 10751: 10747: 10746: 10737: 10732: 10726: 10722: 10721: 10707: 10702: 10693: 10689: 10688: 10682: 10677: 10671: 10667: 10666: 10648: 10643: 10637: 10633: 10632: 10629: 10626: 10623: 10614:Rajasa dynasty 10598:Rajasa dynasty 10589: 10588:List of rulers 10586: 10579:south side of 10576:Majapahit Park 10445:Mohammad Yamin 10218:Indonesian art 10213:) of Kurepan. 10180:, the tale of 10094:Pura Maospahit 10085: 10084: 10082: 10081: 10074: 10067: 10059: 10056: 10055: 10042: 10041: 10037: 10036: 10031: 10026: 10025: 10024: 10014: 10009: 10003: 10002: 9999: 9998: 9995: 9994: 9990: 9989: 9984: 9979: 9974: 9969: 9967:Constitutional 9964: 9962:Communications 9958: 9957: 9954: 9953: 9950: 9949: 9944: 9943: 9940: 9934: 9933: 9930: 9924: 9923: 9920: 9914: 9913: 9910: 9904: 9903: 9900: 9894: 9893: 9890: 9884: 9883: 9880: 9874: 9873: 9870: 9864: 9863: 9860: 9854: 9853: 9850: 9844: 9843: 9840: 9834: 9833: 9830: 9824: 9823: 9820: 9814: 9813: 9810: 9804: 9803: 9800: 9794: 9793: 9790: 9788:MH370 incident 9784: 9783: 9780: 9774: 9773: 9770: 9764: 9763: 9760: 9754: 9753: 9750: 9744: 9743: 9740: 9734: 9733: 9730: 9724: 9723: 9720: 9714: 9713: 9710: 9704: 9703: 9700: 9694: 9693: 9690: 9684: 9683: 9680: 9674: 9673: 9670: 9664: 9663: 9660: 9654: 9653: 9650: 9644: 9643: 9640: 9634: 9633: 9630: 9624: 9623: 9620: 9614: 9613: 9610: 9604: 9603: 9600: 9594: 9593: 9590: 9584: 9583: 9580: 9574: 9573: 9570: 9564: 9563: 9560: 9554: 9553: 9550: 9544: 9543: 9540: 9534: 9533: 9530: 9524: 9523: 9520: 9514: 9513: 9510: 9508:MH653 incident 9504: 9503: 9500: 9494: 9493: 9490: 9484: 9483: 9480: 9474: 9473: 9470: 9464: 9463: 9460: 9454: 9453: 9450: 9444: 9443: 9440: 9434: 9433: 9430: 9424: 9423: 9420: 9414: 9413: 9410: 9404: 9403: 9400: 9394: 9393: 9390: 9384: 9383: 9380: 9369: 9368: 9365: 9357: 9354: 9353: 9350: 9349: 9344: 9343: 9337: 9331: 9330: 9327: 9321: 9320: 9317: 9311: 9310: 9307: 9301: 9300: 9297: 9291: 9290: 9284: 9278: 9277: 9274: 9268: 9267: 9264: 9258: 9257: 9254: 9248: 9247: 9244: 9238: 9237: 9234: 9228: 9227: 9224: 9218: 9217: 9214: 9208: 9207: 9204: 9198: 9197: 9194: 9188: 9187: 9184: 9178: 9177: 9171: 9158: 9157: 9154: 9148: 9147: 9144: 9138: 9137: 9134: 9128: 9127: 9124: 9118: 9117: 9114: 9108: 9107: 9104: 9098: 9097: 9094: 9086: 9083: 9082: 9079: 9078: 9073: 9072: 9069: 9063: 9062: 9059: 9053: 9052: 9049: 9043: 9042: 9039: 9033: 9032: 9029: 9023: 9022: 9019: 9013: 9012: 9009: 9003: 9002: 8999: 8993: 8992: 8989: 8983: 8982: 8979: 8973: 8972: 8969: 8961: 8958: 8957: 8954: 8953: 8948: 8947: 8944: 8938: 8937: 8934: 8928: 8927: 8924: 8918: 8917: 8914: 8908: 8907: 8904: 8898: 8897: 8894: 8884: 8883: 8880: 8868: 8865: 8864: 8861: 8860: 8855: 8854: 8851: 8845: 8844: 8841: 8835: 8834: 8831: 8825: 8824: 8821: 8815: 8814: 8811: 8805: 8804: 8801: 8795: 8794: 8791: 8785: 8784: 8781: 8779:Battle of Muar 8775: 8774: 8771: 8765: 8764: 8761: 8755: 8754: 8750: 8741: 8736: 8733: 8732: 8729: 8728: 8723: 8722: 8719: 8713: 8712: 8709: 8703: 8702: 8699: 8693: 8692: 8689: 8683: 8682: 8679: 8673: 8672: 8669: 8663: 8662: 8659: 8653: 8652: 8649: 8643: 8642: 8639: 8633: 8632: 8629: 8623:British Malaya 8619: 8618: 8615: 8609: 8608: 8605: 8603:Pangkor Treaty 8599: 8598: 8595: 8589: 8588: 8585: 8579: 8578: 8575: 8569: 8568: 8565: 8559: 8558: 8555: 8549: 8548: 8545: 8539: 8538: 8535: 8529: 8528: 8525: 8519: 8518: 8515: 8509: 8508: 8505: 8499: 8498: 8495: 8489: 8488: 8485: 8483:Pahang Kingdom 8479: 8478: 8475: 8469: 8468: 8465: 8459: 8458: 8455: 8447: 8444: 8443: 8440: 8439: 8434: 8433: 8430: 8424: 8423: 8420: 8414: 8413: 8410: 8404: 8403: 8400: 8394: 8393: 8387: 8381: 8380: 8377: 8371: 8370: 8364: 8358: 8357: 8354: 8348: 8347: 8344: 8342:Aceh Sultanate 8338: 8337: 8334: 8328: 8327: 8324: 8322:Sulu Sultanate 8318: 8317: 8314: 8308: 8307: 8301: 8295: 8294: 8291: 8285: 8284: 8278: 8270: 8267: 8266: 8263: 8262: 8257: 8256: 8253: 8247: 8246: 8243: 8237: 8236: 8233: 8227: 8226: 8225:170–1135 8223: 8217: 8216: 8213: 8207: 8206: 8200: 8194: 8193: 8190: 8184: 8183: 8180: 8174: 8173: 8170: 8162: 8160:Early kingdoms 8159: 8158: 8155: 8154: 8149: 8148: 8145: 8136: 8135: 8132: 8125: 8124: 8121: 8114: 8113: 8111: 8103: 8102: 8099: 8090: 8089: 8087: 8079: 8078: 8075: 8073:Mansuli Valley 8066: 8065: 8064:2,000,0000 BCE 8059: 8050: 8049: 8047: 8037: 8032: 8031: 8028: 8027: 8017: 8016: 8007: 8006: 7999: 7993: 7990: 7847:Medang Mataram 7818: 7815: 7801:, Coromandel, 7783:Maluku Islands 7778: 7777: 7745:maritime pilot 7693: 7690: 7682:Borobudur ship 7522: 7521: 7512: 7511: 7503: 7502: 7501: 7492: 7491: 7483: 7482: 7481: 7480: 7479: 7470:Javanese horse 7455: 7448: 7447: 7446: 7441: 7434: 7433: 7432: 7427: 7420: 7419: 7418: 7414: 7413: 7412: 7411: 7391:Batara Vojyaya 7380:Haiguo Guangji 7351:Yingya Shenlan 7286: 7285: 7278: 7271: 7269: 7266: 7259: 7257: 7243: 7236: 7234: 7223: 7216: 7214: 7211: 7204: 7202: 7195: 7188: 7140:Hikayat Banjar 7074: 7073: 7066: 7056: 7055: 7046: 7045: 7044: 7035: 7034: 7033: 7032: 7031: 6969: 6968: 6966: 6965: 6960: 6955: 6950: 6945: 6939: 6936: 6935: 6928: 6927: 6920: 6913: 6905: 6898: 6895: 6884: 6883: 6876: 6862: 6827: 6826: 6816: 6806: 6796: 6791: 6786: 6776: 6766: 6763: 6760: 6757: 6743: 6740: 6737: 6726: 6588:Fakfak Regency 6584:Onin Peninsula 6576:Maluku islands 6488:Sang Hyang Api 6226:discovered in 6216: 6215: 6187: 6135: 6086:Main article: 6083: 6080: 6077: 6076: 6073: 6070: 6064: 6060: 6059: 6056: 6053: 6047: 6043: 6042: 6039: 6036: 6030: 6019: 6018: 6015: 6012: 6006: 6002: 6001: 5998: 5995: 5994:Kembang Jenar 5989: 5988:Kembang Jenar 5985: 5984: 5981: 5978: 5972: 5964: 5963: 5960: 5957: 5951: 5947: 5946: 5943: 5940: 5934: 5930: 5929: 5926: 5923: 5917: 5909: 5908: 5905: 5902: 5896: 5888: 5887: 5884: 5881: 5875: 5867: 5866: 5863: 5860: 5854: 5846: 5845: 5842: 5839: 5833: 5825: 5824: 5821: 5818: 5812: 5797: 5796: 5793: 5790: 5787: 5772: 5771: 5768: 5765: 5762: 5751: 5750: 5747: 5744: 5741: 5730: 5729: 5726: 5723: 5720: 5712: 5711: 5708: 5705: 5704:Bhre Pawanuan 5702: 5698: 5697: 5694: 5691: 5688: 5680: 5679: 5676: 5673: 5670: 5662: 5661: 5658: 5655: 5652: 5644: 5643: 5640: 5637: 5634: 5626: 5625: 5622: 5619: 5616: 5608: 5607: 5604: 5603:Kertawardhana 5601: 5598: 5590: 5589: 5586: 5583: 5580: 5572: 5571: 5568: 5565: 5562: 5547: 5546: 5543: 5540: 5537: 5509: 5508: 5507: 5506: 5500: 5490: 5480: 5470: 5452: 5425: 5422: 5414:Bubat incident 5387:prime minister 5371: 5370: 5369: 5368: 5362: 5359:Dharmmadhyaksa 5356: 5346: 5332: 5329: 5252: 5249: 5228: 5227: 5218: 5217: 5216: 5207: 5206: 5205: 5196: 5195: 5194: 5193: 5192: 5190: 5189:Administration 5187: 5113:(piggy bank). 5092:Wonoboyo hoard 4884: 4881: 4737: 4736: 4730: 4717: 4716: 4707: 4706: 4698: 4697: 4696: 4695: 4694: 4667: 4666: 4657: 4656: 4648: 4647: 4646: 4637: 4636: 4628: 4627: 4626: 4625: 4624: 4568: 4567: 4558: 4557: 4549: 4548: 4547: 4546: 4545: 4537: 4534: 4415: 4412: 4364: 4259:Medang Mataram 4241: 4238: 4172:Prajnaparamita 4068: 4067: 4065: 4064: 4057: 4050: 4042: 4039: 4038: 4014: 4013: 4009: 4008: 4003: 3998: 3992: 3991: 3986: 3985: 3982: 3981: 3977: 3976: 3971: 3966: 3961: 3956: 3951: 3945: 3944: 3939: 3938: 3935: 3934: 3930: 3929: 3924: 3919: 3913: 3912: 3907: 3906: 3903: 3902: 3898: 3897: 3891: 3886: 3880: 3879: 3876: 3875: 3872: 3871: 3863: 3862: 3856: 3855: 3844: 3841: 3703: 3702: 3695: 3688: 3686: 3683: 3676: 3674: 3671: 3664: 3662: 3651: 3644: 3491:, crossed the 3459: 3458: 3455: 3448: 3446: 3435: 3428: 3426: 3419: 3412: 3410: 3404:split gate in 3399: 3392: 3360: 3357: 3351:remain in the 3275: 3272: 3199:Malacca Strait 3184:Kediri kingdom 3174: 3171: 3167:Girisawardhana 3108: 3105: 2988: 2985: 2981:Bhre Wirabhumi 2957:Main article: 2954: 2951: 2902: 2899: 2760:of Singhasari. 2693:Dayak Ma'anyan 2675:Hikayat Banjar 2658:Mohammad Yamin 2545: 2542: 2479:The statue of 2472: 2469: 2467: 2464: 2380: 2377: 2300: 2297: 2258:By that time, 2237:Main article: 2234: 2231: 2203:Melayu Kingdom 2194: 2191: 2189: 2186: 2140:and following 2133: 2130: 2121:Wayang klithik 2051: 2048: 2011: 2008: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1979:Historiography 1977: 1956:but rather as 1880:Aegle marmelos 1833: 1830: 1749:Southeast Asia 1745:thalassocratic 1672: 1671: 1669: 1668: 1661: 1654: 1646: 1643: 1642: 1629: 1628: 1621: 1620: 1615: 1610: 1605: 1600: 1599: 1598: 1593: 1588: 1583: 1578: 1568: 1563: 1558: 1553: 1548: 1543: 1537: 1536: 1533: 1532: 1529: 1528: 1524: 1523: 1518: 1513: 1508: 1502: 1501: 1496: 1495: 1492: 1491: 1486: 1485: 1482: 1476: 1475: 1472: 1466: 1465: 1462: 1456: 1455: 1452: 1446: 1445: 1442: 1434: 1431: 1430: 1427: 1426: 1421: 1420: 1417: 1411: 1410: 1407: 1401: 1400: 1397: 1391: 1390: 1387: 1379: 1376: 1375: 1372: 1371: 1366: 1365: 1360: 1358: 1352: 1351: 1348: 1342: 1341: 1338: 1332: 1331: 1328: 1322: 1321: 1318: 1312: 1311: 1308: 1300: 1297: 1296: 1293: 1292: 1287: 1286: 1283: 1277: 1276: 1273: 1267: 1266: 1263: 1255: 1250: 1249: 1246: 1245: 1240: 1239: 1236: 1230: 1229: 1226: 1218: 1213: 1212: 1209: 1208: 1203: 1202: 1199: 1193: 1192: 1189: 1187:Deli Sultanate 1183: 1182: 1179: 1173: 1172: 1169: 1163: 1162: 1159: 1157:Siak Sultanate 1153: 1152: 1149: 1143: 1142: 1139: 1133: 1132: 1129: 1123: 1122: 1119: 1113: 1112: 1109: 1103: 1102: 1099: 1093: 1092: 1089: 1083: 1082: 1079: 1073: 1072: 1069: 1063: 1062: 1059: 1053: 1052: 1049: 1043: 1042: 1039: 1037:Aceh Sultanate 1033: 1032: 1029: 1023: 1022: 1019: 1013: 1012: 1009: 1007:Sulu Sultanate 1003: 1002: 999: 993: 992: 989: 983: 982: 979: 973: 972: 969: 963: 962: 959: 953: 952: 949: 943: 942: 941:840–1292 939: 933: 932: 931:800–1600 929: 921: 916: 915: 912: 911: 906: 905: 902: 896: 895: 892: 886: 885: 882: 880:Pannai Kingdom 876: 875: 872: 866: 865: 862: 860:Kediri Kingdom 856: 855: 852: 846: 845: 844:932–1579 842: 836: 835: 834:914–1908 832: 826: 825: 824:716–1016 822: 816: 815: 812: 806: 805: 802: 796: 795: 792: 790:Melayu Kingdom 786: 785: 782: 776: 775: 772: 766: 765: 762: 756: 755: 752: 744: 739: 738: 735: 734: 729: 728: 725: 719: 718: 715: 709: 708: 706: 698: 697: 694: 688: 687: 684: 678: 677: 675: 665: 660: 659: 656: 655: 649: 648: 640: 639: 630: 629: 622: 610:, you may see 598: 591: 590: 589: 586: 585: 583: 582: 577: 572: 567: 562: 557: 552: 546: 544: 540: 539: 536: 535: 532: 531: 524: 515: 512: 511: 506: 494: 493: 488: 478: 477: 476: 475: 470: 465: 461: 460: 457: 456: 453: 446: 443: 442: 439: 436: 433: 432: 429: 428: 425: 421: 420: 417: 416: 414:Bhaṭāra Vijaya 411: 402: 399: 398: 393: 384: 381: 380: 370: 367: 364: 363: 356:Girīśavardhana 353: 350: 347: 346: 341:Vijayakumāra, 335:Rājasavardhana 332: 329: 326: 325: 315: 312: 309: 308: 303: 300: 297: 296: 282: 279: 276: 275: 249: 246: 243: 242: 232: 229: 226: 225: 219: 216: 213: 212: 202: 199: 196: 195: 192: 191: 188: 182: 181: 172: 168: 167: 166: 165: 160: 154: 144: 139: 127: 123: 122: 121: 120: 115: 108: 104: 103: 93: 89: 88: 79: 71: 70: 60: 53: 52: 49: 48: 44: 43: 27: 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 21420: 21409: 21406: 21404: 21401: 21399: 21396: 21394: 21391: 21389: 21386: 21384: 21381: 21379: 21376: 21374: 21371: 21369: 21366: 21364: 21361: 21359: 21356: 21354: 21351: 21349: 21346: 21344: 21341: 21339: 21336: 21334: 21331: 21329: 21326: 21325: 21323: 21308: 21307:Royal descent 21305: 21301: 21298: 21297: 21296: 21293: 21289: 21286: 21285: 21284: 21281: 21279: 21276: 21275: 21273: 21269: 21259: 21256: 21254: 21251: 21249: 21246: 21244: 21241: 21240: 21238: 21234: 21228: 21225: 21221: 21218: 21216: 21213: 21209: 21206: 21205: 21204: 21203:Great Britain 21201: 21199: 21196: 21195: 21193: 21192: 21190: 21186: 21178: 21175: 21173: 21170: 21168: 21165: 21164: 21163: 21160: 21159: 21157: 21153: 21147: 21144: 21140: 21137: 21135: 21132: 21131: 21130: 21127: 21125: 21122: 21120: 21117: 21116: 21114: 21110: 21104: 21101: 21099: 21096: 21094: 21091: 21089: 21086: 21084: 21081: 21079: 21076: 21075: 21073: 21069: 21063: 21060: 21058: 21055: 21053: 21050: 21048: 21045: 21043: 21040: 21038: 21035: 21033: 21030: 21028: 21025: 21023: 21020: 21016: 21015:Orange-Nassau 21013: 21012: 21011: 21008: 21006: 21003: 21001: 20998: 20996: 20993: 20991: 20988: 20986: 20983: 20981: 20978: 20976: 20973: 20971: 20968: 20966: 20963: 20959: 20956: 20954: 20951: 20950: 20949: 20946: 20944: 20941: 20939: 20936: 20934: 20931: 20929: 20926: 20924: 20921: 20919: 20916: 20914: 20911: 20910: 20908: 20904: 20898: 20895: 20891: 20888: 20886: 20883: 20881: 20878: 20876: 20873: 20871: 20868: 20866: 20863: 20861: 20858: 20856: 20853: 20851: 20848: 20847: 20845: 20844: 20842: 20838: 20828: 20825: 20823: 20820: 20818: 20815: 20813: 20810: 20808: 20805: 20803: 20800: 20798: 20795: 20793: 20790: 20788: 20785: 20783: 20780: 20778: 20775: 20774: 20772: 20768: 20762: 20759: 20757: 20754: 20752: 20749: 20747: 20744: 20740: 20737: 20735: 20732: 20731: 20730: 20727: 20726: 20724: 20720: 20712: 20709: 20708: 20707: 20704: 20702: 20699: 20698: 20696: 20692: 20686: 20683: 20681: 20678: 20676: 20673: 20671: 20668: 20666: 20663: 20661: 20658: 20656: 20653: 20652: 20650: 20646: 20640: 20637: 20635: 20632: 20628: 20625: 20624: 20623: 20620: 20618: 20615: 20613: 20610: 20608: 20607:Mughal-Mongol 20605: 20603: 20600: 20598: 20595: 20593: 20590: 20588: 20585: 20583: 20580: 20576: 20575:Mahidharapura 20573: 20571: 20568: 20567: 20566: 20563: 20561: 20558: 20556: 20553: 20551: 20548: 20547: 20545: 20541: 20535: 20532: 20528: 20525: 20524: 20523: 20520: 20519: 20517: 20513: 20504: 20499: 20497: 20492: 20490: 20485: 20484: 20481: 20477: 20465: 20464:Soviet empire 20462: 20460: 20457: 20456: 20454: 20453: 20451: 20449:Miscellaneous 20447: 20441: 20438: 20436: 20433: 20431: 20428: 20426: 20423: 20421: 20418: 20414: 20411: 20410: 20409: 20406: 20405: 20403: 20399: 20389: 20386: 20384: 20381: 20379: 20376: 20374: 20371: 20367: 20364: 20363: 20362: 20359: 20357: 20354: 20352: 20349: 20347: 20344: 20342: 20339: 20337: 20334: 20332: 20329: 20327: 20324: 20322: 20319: 20317: 20314: 20310: 20307: 20305: 20302: 20301: 20300: 20297: 20295: 20292: 20290: 20287: 20286: 20284: 20282: 20278: 20270: 20267: 20265: 20262: 20260: 20257: 20255: 20252: 20250: 20247: 20246: 20245: 20242: 20240: 20237: 20233: 20230: 20229: 20228: 20225: 20223: 20220: 20216: 20213: 20211: 20208: 20206: 20203: 20202: 20201: 20198: 20196: 20193: 20189: 20186: 20184: 20181: 20180: 20179: 20176: 20172: 20169: 20167: 20164: 20162: 20159: 20157: 20154: 20152: 20149: 20148: 20147: 20144: 20140: 20137: 20135: 20132: 20131: 20130: 20127: 20125: 20122: 20120: 20117: 20115: 20112: 20108: 20105: 20103: 20100: 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19049: 19048: 19047: 19044: 19042: 19039: 19037: 19034: 19033: 19031: 19028: 19023: 19019: 19015: 19008: 19003: 19001: 18996: 18994: 18989: 18988: 18985: 18973: 18969: 18965: 18963: 18955: 18954: 18951: 18945: 18942: 18940: 18937: 18935: 18932: 18930: 18927: 18925: 18922: 18921: 18919: 18914: 18910: 18904: 18901: 18899: 18898:South Ossetia 18896: 18894: 18891: 18889: 18886: 18884: 18881: 18880: 18878: 18876: 18870: 18864: 18861: 18859: 18856: 18854: 18851: 18849: 18846: 18844: 18841: 18839: 18836: 18834: 18831: 18829: 18826: 18824: 18821: 18819: 18816: 18814: 18811: 18809: 18806: 18804: 18801: 18799: 18796: 18794: 18791: 18789: 18786: 18784: 18781: 18779: 18776: 18774: 18771: 18769: 18766: 18764: 18761: 18759: 18756: 18754: 18751: 18749: 18746: 18744: 18741: 18739: 18736: 18734: 18731: 18729: 18726: 18724: 18721: 18719: 18716: 18714: 18711: 18709: 18706: 18704: 18701: 18699: 18696: 18694: 18691: 18689: 18686: 18684: 18681: 18679: 18676: 18674: 18671: 18669: 18666: 18664: 18661: 18659: 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17806: 17802: 17796: 17792: 17787: 17783: 17777: 17773: 17768: 17764: 17758: 17754: 17749: 17745: 17740: 17736: 17730: 17726: 17721: 17717: 17712: 17708: 17703: 17699: 17693: 17689: 17684: 17681: 17675: 17672:, Greenwood, 17671: 17666: 17665: 17653: 17652: 17647: 17641: 17633: 17629: 17623: 17615: 17611: 17605: 17590: 17586: 17579: 17571: 17569:0-674-01137-6 17565: 17561: 17557: 17552: 17551: 17542: 17526: 17522: 17516: 17500: 17496: 17492: 17485: 17469: 17465: 17461: 17454: 17438: 17434: 17428: 17413: 17409: 17403: 17396: 17391: 17383: 17379: 17376:Rozan Yunos. 17372: 17365: 17360: 17352: 17345: 17337: 17333: 17327: 17319: 17313: 17310:. Routledge. 17309: 17308: 17300: 17292: 17286: 17282: 17281: 17273: 17266: 17261: 17254: 17248: 17241: 17240: 17233: 17216: 17212: 17206: 17190: 17186: 17180: 17173: 17168: 17160: 17156: 17152: 17147: 17142: 17139:(3): 97–104. 17138: 17134: 17130: 17123: 17121: 17112: 17108: 17101: 17093: 17086: 17084: 17076: 17071: 17056: 17052: 17045: 17037: 17036: 17028: 17027:public domain 17017: 17010: 17006: 17000: 16992: 16988: 16984: 16980: 16976: 16972: 16968: 16964: 16957: 16950: 16946: 16945: 16937: 16929: 16925: 16920: 16915: 16911: 16907: 16903: 16896: 16890: 16884: 16878:, p. 19. 16877: 16876:Pigeaud 1960c 16872: 16864: 16863: 16855: 16848: 16843: 16835: 16829: 16825: 16818: 16810: 16806: 16802: 16798: 16793: 16788: 16784: 16780: 16773: 16765: 16763:9780860787761 16759: 16755: 16748: 16741:(2): 103–118. 16740: 16736: 16732: 16725: 16717: 16715:9789067182539 16711: 16707: 16700: 16693: 16687: 16679: 16678: 16670: 16662: 16656: 16653:. JHU Press. 16652: 16651: 16643: 16635: 16634: 16626: 16624: 16622: 16614: 16610: 16608:9789578784987 16604: 16600: 16599: 16591: 16584: 16580: 16579: 16571: 16564: 16560: 16559: 16551: 16544: 16540: 16539: 16531: 16524: 16520: 16518:9787520132626 16514: 16510: 16509: 16501: 16493: 16492: 16484: 16477: 16473: 16469: 16463: 16456: 16452: 16446: 16444: 16434: 16432: 16416: 16412: 16405: 16403: 16395: 16390: 16383: 16378: 16371: 16366: 16359: 16354: 16346: 16340: 16336: 16329: 16322: 16317: 16310: 16304: 16297: 16291: 16283: 16282: 16274: 16265: 16258: 16252: 16246: 16242: 16238: 16232: 16224: 16218: 16214: 16213: 16205: 16197: 16193: 16189: 16185: 16181: 16177: 16173: 16166: 16164: 16156: 16150: 16148: 16139: 16132: 16124: 16122:9789792213768 16118: 16114: 16113: 16112:Budaya Bahari 16105: 16098: 16092: 16085: 16079: 16072: 16067: 16060: 16056: 16055: 16048: 16041: 16040:public domain 16030: 16028:9784000085052 16024: 16020: 16019: 16010: 16002: 15995: 15987: 15985:9789971695583 15981: 15978:. NUS Press. 15977: 15973: 15967: 15960: 15956: 15955: 15948: 15946: 15937: 15936: 15928: 15920: 15914: 15910: 15903: 15895: 15888: 15886: 15884: 15882: 15880: 15878: 15876: 15868: 15864: 15861: 15857: 15851: 15844: 15839: 15831: 15825: 15821: 15814: 15806: 15799: 15797: 15788: 15782: 15778: 15771: 15752: 15748: 15741: 15726: 15722: 15716: 15708: 15704: 15700: 15696: 15691: 15686: 15682: 15678: 15674: 15667: 15659: 15657:9789794074084 15653: 15649: 15648: 15640: 15624: 15620: 15613: 15611: 15609: 15599: 15592: 15587: 15580: 15575: 15566: 15558: 15554: 15548: 15540: 15536: 15532: 15528: 15524: 15517: 15509: 15507:9786027136700 15503: 15499: 15498: 15490: 15488: 15479: 15477:962-593-232-1 15473: 15469: 15462: 15460: 15452: 15447: 15432: 15428: 15421: 15406: 15402: 15395: 15393: 15383: 15375: 15373:9789745241077 15369: 15365: 15364: 15356: 15348: 15344: 15337: 15329: 15327:9780824827793 15323: 15319: 15318: 15310: 15308: 15306: 15289: 15285: 15278: 15270: 15266: 15262: 15258: 15254: 15250: 15246: 15239: 15237: 15228: 15227: 15219: 15217: 15215: 15206: 15202: 15198: 15194: 15190: 15183: 15181: 15173: 15172: 15165: 15163: 15153: 15148: 15144: 15140: 15136: 15129: 15120: 15111: 15103: 15101:9784000085052 15097: 15093: 15092: 15084: 15083:public domain 15073: 15071: 15069: 15067: 15065: 15063: 15061: 15059: 15057: 15047: 15038: 15029: 15021: 15019:9780230546851 15015: 15011: 15010: 15002: 15000: 14992: 14991: 14984: 14982: 14973: 14967: 14963: 14962: 14957: 14951: 14935: 14931: 14925: 14917: 14913: 14906: 14904: 14902: 14900: 14884: 14882:9788170174042 14878: 14874: 14873: 14865: 14858: 14854: 14853: 14846: 14839: 14835: 14834: 14827: 14820: 14815: 14811: 14809:983-62-5601-6 14805: 14801: 14800: 14792: 14785: 14781: 14775: 14773: 14765: 14760: 14754: 14749: 14743:, p. 120 14742: 14737: 14730: 14724: 14722: 14720: 14711: 14707: 14700: 14694: 14678: 14674: 14668: 14661: 14660: 14652: 14645: 14639: 14631: 14629:9781503500365 14625: 14621: 14620: 14612: 14604: 14601: 14594: 14586: 14580: 14576: 14572: 14566: 14564: 14562: 14560: 14558: 14556: 14554: 14545: 14542: 14536: 14528: 14526:9789794132906 14522: 14518: 14511: 14503: 14501:981-4155-67-5 14497: 14493: 14486: 14484: 14482: 14465: 14461: 14454: 14446: 14439: 14424: 14420: 14416: 14412: 14407: 14402: 14398: 14394: 14390: 14383: 14381: 14371: 14355: 14354: 14346: 14330: 14326: 14320: 14318: 14310: 14305: 14301: 14297: 14293: 14287: 14285: 14283: 14274: 14270: 14263: 14261: 14252: 14245: 14238: 14232: 14228: 14227: 14219: 14217: 14208: 14207: 14202: 14196: 14188: 14184: 14177: 14161: 14157: 14150: 14148: 14139: 14133: 14129: 14128: 14120: 14118: 14109: 14105: 14098: 14083: 14079: 14075: 14069: 14065: 14064: 14056: 14047: 14042: 14038: 14034: 14030: 14023: 14015: 14013:9780824803681 14009: 14005: 14004: 13999: 13998:Cœdès, George 13993: 13991: 13989: 13987: 13985: 13983: 13981: 13979: 13977: 13975: 13973: 13971: 13969: 13967: 13965: 13963: 13961: 13959: 13957: 13955: 13953: 13945: 13940: 13932: 13930:9789798451355 13926: 13922: 13915: 13913: 13904: 13902:9789004061965 13898: 13894: 13893: 13885: 13877: 13874:Wade, Geoff. 13870: 13864: 13848: 13844: 13837: 13830: 13828: 13826: 13824: 13822: 13820: 13818: 13816: 13814: 13805: 13803:9780521010320 13799: 13795: 13791: 13789: 13781: 13779: 13777: 13775: 13773: 13771: 13769: 13767: 13765: 13763: 13761: 13759: 13757: 13755: 13753: 13751: 13749: 13741: 13735: 13727: 13723: 13719: 13715: 13711: 13707: 13703: 13699: 13692: 13684: 13677: 13662: 13658: 13651: 13635: 13631: 13627: 13620: 13612: 13605: 13597: 13595:0-300-10518-5 13591: 13587: 13582: 13581: 13572: 13556: 13552: 13545: 13543: 13534: 13530: 13524: 13515: 13507: 13503: 13497: 13489: 13485: 13479: 13472: 13469:G.J. Resink, 13466: 13459: 13453: 13438: 13434: 13427: 13425: 13416: 13414:9780804721950 13410: 13406: 13399: 13397: 13395: 13393: 13391: 13389: 13387: 13385: 13383: 13381: 13379: 13377: 13375: 13373: 13371: 13362: 13358: 13352: 13350: 13348: 13346: 13330:on 5 May 2015 13326: 13319: 13318: 13310: 13308: 13306: 13299: 13294: 13286: 13284:9781136780578 13280: 13277:. Routledge. 13276: 13275: 13267: 13265: 13263: 13254: 13247: 13232: 13228: 13222: 13206: 13202: 13198: 13194: 13188: 13184: 13180: 13179: 13171: 13163: 13159: 13156:(140): 2–23. 13155: 13151: 13147: 13140: 13132: 13125: 13123: 13121: 13119: 13114: 13102: 13099:(Indonesian: 13098: 13094: 13090: 13085: 13078: 13077: 13072: 13068: 13064: 13060: 13056: 13051: 13044: 13038: 13031: 13027: 13022: 13013: 13004: 13002: 12992: 12983: 12976: 12973: 12969: 12965: 12961: 12955: 12948: 12947:Mongol forces 12942: 12934: 12928: 12918: 12911: 12907: 12903: 12899: 12895: 12891: 12890: 12883: 12874: 12865: 12858: 12857:Suma Oriental 12854: 12850: 12844: 12835: 12828: 12823: 12822: 12815: 12809: 12808: 12802: 12796: 12789: 12784: 12780: 12770: 12767: 12765: 12762: 12760: 12757: 12755: 12752: 12750: 12747: 12745: 12742: 12740: 12737: 12735: 12732: 12730: 12727: 12725: 12722: 12720: 12717: 12715: 12712: 12711: 12706: 12695: 12685: 12681: 12678:In a popular 12677: 12674: 12673: 12668: 12665: 12664: 12659: 12655: 12654: 12649: 12645: 12642: 12638: 12634: 12631: 12630: 12625: 12622: 12618: 12614: 12610: 12608: 12604: 12601: 12598: 12595: 12591: 12587: 12583: 12582: 12581:Dyah Pitaloka 12578: 12575: 12571: 12567: 12563: 12559: 12555: 12554: 12550: 12547: 12543: 12539: 12535: 12531: 12530: 12526: 12523: 12520: 12517: 12513: 12510: 12507: 12503: 12499: 12495: 12492: 12489: 12485: 12484:Tutur Tinular 12482: 12479: 12475: 12472: 12469: 12468:reincarnation 12465: 12461: 12457: 12453: 12449: 12446: 12443: 12439: 12436: 12435: 12434: 12427: 12422: 12406: 12350: 12318: 12316: 12230: 12228: 12184: 12170: 12158: 12157:Sang Sinagara 12128: 12125: 12117: 12115: 12107: 12105: 12104: 12061: 12053: 12051: 12043: 12041: 12014: 12010: 11976: 11975: 11966:Ratnapangkaja 11952: 11912: 11909: 11903: 11895: 11893: 11892: 11857: 11853: 11851: 11845: 11837: 11835: 11800: 11797: 11795: 11792: 11753: 11752: 11708: 11705: 11701: 11699: 11698: 11659: 11655: 11653: 11608: 11605: 11603: 11602: 11558: 11557: 11518: 11515: 11499: 11497: 11496: 11461: 11457: 11455: 11443: 11441: 11406: 11403: 11401: 11400: 11361: 11360: 11342: 11341: 11338:Sundarapandya 11300: 11298: 11210: 11207: 11205: 11203: 11201: 11200: 11165: 11150: 11149: 11139: 11106: 11104: 11016: 11014: 10981: 10980: 10962: 10961: 10926: 10923: 10920: 10917: 10916: 10912: 10911: 10898: 10895: 10893: 10890: 10888: 10885: 10882: 10881: 10877: 10875: 10871: 10868: 10865: 10862: 10861: 10858: 10856: 10853: 10850: 10847: 10846: 10843: 10841: 10839: 10836: 10833: 10832: 10829: 10827: 10824: 10821: 10818: 10817: 10814: 10812: 10809: 10806: 10803: 10802: 10799: 10797: 10794: 10791: 10788: 10787:Queen regnant 10785: 10782: 10781: 10778: 10776: 10772: 10767: 10763: 10761: 10758: 10755: 10752: 10749: 10748: 10745: 10741: 10740:Pasunda Bubat 10738: 10736: 10733: 10730: 10727: 10724: 10723: 10720: 10719:(1349–1350). 10718: 10717:Samudra Pasai 10714: 10708: 10706: 10703: 10701: 10697: 10696:Queen regnant 10694: 10691: 10690: 10687: 10683: 10681: 10678: 10676: 10672: 10669: 10668: 10665: 10661: 10657: 10653: 10649: 10647: 10644: 10641: 10638: 10635: 10634: 10620: 10617: 10615: 10611: 10607: 10599: 10594: 10585: 10582: 10577: 10573: 10568: 10564: 10562: 10558: 10554: 10550: 10549:Sumpah Palapa 10546: 10542: 10535: 10531: 10527: 10522: 10518: 10516: 10512: 10507: 10505: 10501: 10497: 10493: 10489: 10486:era, and the 10485: 10481: 10477: 10473: 10469: 10468: 10462: 10460: 10456: 10452: 10451: 10446: 10442: 10438: 10430: 10425: 10421: 10419: 10415: 10411: 10407: 10403: 10399: 10395: 10391: 10387: 10382: 10380: 10376: 10375:Kris of Knaud 10371: 10363: 10362:Kris of Knaud 10358: 10354: 10352: 10348: 10344: 10340: 10336: 10332: 10328: 10324: 10316: 10312: 10307: 10303: 10301: 10297: 10293: 10289: 10285: 10281: 10277: 10273: 10272: 10267: 10263: 10262: 10257: 10253: 10249: 10245: 10241: 10237: 10236: 10231: 10227: 10223: 10219: 10214: 10208: 10203: 10199: 10195: 10191: 10187: 10183: 10179: 10174: 10172: 10168: 10164: 10160: 10156: 10152: 10148: 10147:Pasunda Bubat 10144: 10140: 10131: 10127: 10124: 10123:Samudra Pasai 10120: 10116: 10111: 10106: 10099: 10095: 10091: 10080: 10075: 10073: 10068: 10066: 10061: 10060: 10058: 10057: 10054: 10044: 10043: 10035: 10032: 10030: 10027: 10023: 10020: 10019: 10018: 10015: 10013: 10010: 10008: 10005: 10004: 9997: 9996: 9988: 9985: 9983: 9980: 9978: 9975: 9973: 9970: 9968: 9965: 9963: 9960: 9959: 9952: 9951: 9941: 9939: 9936: 9935: 9931: 9929: 9926: 9925: 9921: 9919: 9916: 9915: 9911: 9909: 9906: 9905: 9901: 9899: 9896: 9895: 9891: 9889: 9886: 9885: 9881: 9879: 9876: 9875: 9871: 9869: 9866: 9865: 9861: 9859: 9856: 9855: 9851: 9849: 9846: 9845: 9841: 9839: 9836: 9835: 9831: 9829: 9826: 9825: 9821: 9819: 9816: 9815: 9811: 9809: 9806: 9805: 9801: 9799: 9798:MH17 incident 9796: 9795: 9791: 9789: 9786: 9785: 9781: 9779: 9776: 9775: 9771: 9769: 9766: 9765: 9761: 9759: 9756: 9755: 9751: 9749: 9746: 9745: 9741: 9739: 9736: 9735: 9731: 9729: 9726: 9725: 9721: 9719: 9716: 9715: 9711: 9709: 9706: 9705: 9701: 9699: 9696: 9695: 9691: 9689: 9686: 9685: 9681: 9679: 9676: 9675: 9671: 9669: 9666: 9665: 9661: 9659: 9656: 9655: 9651: 9649: 9646: 9645: 9641: 9639: 9636: 9635: 9631: 9629: 9626: 9625: 9621: 9619: 9616: 9615: 9611: 9609: 9606: 9605: 9601: 9599: 9596: 9595: 9591: 9589: 9586: 9585: 9581: 9579: 9576: 9575: 9571: 9569: 9566: 9565: 9561: 9559: 9556: 9555: 9551: 9549: 9546: 9545: 9541: 9539: 9536: 9535: 9531: 9529: 9526: 9525: 9521: 9519: 9516: 9515: 9511: 9509: 9506: 9505: 9501: 9499: 9496: 9495: 9491: 9489: 9486: 9485: 9481: 9479: 9476: 9475: 9471: 9469: 9466: 9465: 9461: 9459: 9456: 9455: 9451: 9449: 9446: 9445: 9441: 9439: 9436: 9435: 9431: 9429: 9426: 9425: 9421: 9419: 9416: 9415: 9411: 9409: 9406: 9405: 9401: 9399: 9396: 9395: 9391: 9389: 9386: 9385: 9381: 9378: 9374: 9371: 9370: 9366: 9364: 9363:Brunei revolt 9361: 9360: 9352: 9351: 9338: 9336: 9333: 9332: 9328: 9326: 9323: 9322: 9318: 9316: 9313: 9312: 9308: 9306: 9303: 9302: 9298: 9296: 9293: 9292: 9285: 9283: 9280: 9279: 9275: 9273: 9270: 9269: 9265: 9263: 9260: 9259: 9255: 9253: 9250: 9249: 9245: 9243: 9240: 9239: 9235: 9233: 9230: 9229: 9225: 9223: 9220: 9219: 9215: 9213: 9210: 9209: 9205: 9203: 9200: 9199: 9195: 9193: 9190: 9189: 9185: 9183: 9180: 9179: 9172: 9168: 9163: 9160: 9159: 9155: 9153: 9150: 9149: 9145: 9143: 9140: 9139: 9135: 9133: 9130: 9129: 9125: 9123: 9120: 9119: 9115: 9113: 9110: 9109: 9105: 9103: 9100: 9099: 9095: 9093: 9090: 9089: 9084:Modern period 9081: 9080: 9070: 9068: 9065: 9064: 9060: 9058: 9055: 9054: 9050: 9048: 9045: 9044: 9040: 9038: 9035: 9034: 9030: 9028: 9025: 9024: 9020: 9018: 9015: 9014: 9010: 9008: 9005: 9004: 9000: 8998: 8995: 8994: 8990: 8988: 8985: 8984: 8980: 8978: 8975: 8974: 8970: 8968: 8965: 8964: 8956: 8955: 8945: 8943: 8940: 8939: 8935: 8933: 8930: 8929: 8925: 8923: 8920: 8919: 8915: 8913: 8912:Malayan Union 8910: 8909: 8905: 8903: 8900: 8899: 8895: 8893: 8889: 8886: 8885: 8881: 8879: 8875: 8874:BMA of Malaya 8872: 8871: 8863: 8862: 8852: 8850: 8847: 8846: 8842: 8840: 8837: 8836: 8832: 8830: 8827: 8826: 8822: 8820: 8817: 8816: 8812: 8810: 8807: 8806: 8802: 8800: 8797: 8796: 8792: 8790: 8787: 8786: 8782: 8780: 8777: 8776: 8772: 8770: 8767: 8766: 8762: 8760: 8757: 8756: 8751: 8748: 8744: 8740: 8739: 8731: 8730: 8720: 8718: 8715: 8714: 8710: 8708: 8705: 8704: 8700: 8698: 8695: 8694: 8690: 8688: 8685: 8684: 8680: 8678: 8675: 8674: 8670: 8668: 8665: 8664: 8660: 8658: 8655: 8654: 8650: 8648: 8645: 8644: 8640: 8638: 8635: 8634: 8630: 8628: 8624: 8621: 8620: 8616: 8614: 8611: 8610: 8606: 8604: 8601: 8600: 8596: 8594: 8591: 8590: 8586: 8584: 8581: 8580: 8576: 8574: 8571: 8570: 8566: 8564: 8561: 8560: 8556: 8554: 8551: 8550: 8546: 8544: 8541: 8540: 8536: 8534: 8531: 8530: 8526: 8524: 8523:Burney Treaty 8521: 8520: 8516: 8514: 8511: 8510: 8506: 8504: 8501: 8500: 8496: 8494: 8491: 8490: 8486: 8484: 8481: 8480: 8476: 8474: 8473:Dutch Malacca 8471: 8470: 8466: 8464: 8461: 8460: 8456: 8454: 8451: 8450: 8442: 8441: 8431: 8429: 8426: 8425: 8421: 8419: 8418:Reman Kingdom 8416: 8415: 8411: 8409: 8408:Setul Kingdom 8406: 8405: 8401: 8399: 8398:Besut Kingdom 8396: 8395: 8388: 8386: 8383: 8382: 8378: 8376: 8373: 8372: 8365: 8363: 8360: 8359: 8355: 8353: 8350: 8349: 8345: 8343: 8340: 8339: 8335: 8333: 8330: 8329: 8325: 8323: 8320: 8319: 8315: 8313: 8310: 8309: 8302: 8300: 8297: 8296: 8292: 8290: 8287: 8286: 8279: 8277: 8274: 8273: 8265: 8264: 8254: 8252: 8249: 8248: 8244: 8242: 8239: 8238: 8234: 8232: 8229: 8228: 8224: 8222: 8219: 8218: 8215:424–775 8214: 8212: 8209: 8208: 8201: 8199: 8198:Gangga Negara 8196: 8195: 8191: 8189: 8186: 8185: 8181: 8179: 8176: 8175: 8171: 8169: 8168:Ancient Kedah 8166: 8165: 8157: 8156: 8146: 8144: 8138: 8137: 8133: 8127: 8126: 8122: 8116: 8115: 8112: 8110: 8109: 8105: 8104: 8100: 8098: 8097:Niah cultures 8092: 8091: 8088: 8086: 8085: 8081: 8080: 8076: 8074: 8068: 8067: 8060: 8058: 8052: 8051: 8048: 8046: 8045: 8041: 8040: 8035: 8030: 8029: 8023: 8019: 8018: 8015: 8009: 8008: 8003: 7998: 7997: 7989: 7986: 7981: 7978: 7974: 7970: 7962: 7958: 7954: 7949: 7945: 7943: 7939: 7933: 7931: 7927: 7923: 7918: 7915: 7913: 7909: 7904: 7896: 7892: 7888: 7884: 7882: 7881:Sunda kingdom 7878: 7877:Pasunda Bubat 7872: 7869: 7865: 7861: 7856: 7852: 7848: 7844: 7836: 7832: 7828: 7823: 7814: 7812: 7808: 7804: 7800: 7796: 7792: 7788: 7784: 7775: 7774: 7773: 7770: 7766: 7762: 7761:Sea of Persia 7758: 7752: 7750: 7746: 7742: 7737: 7735: 7731: 7727: 7723: 7719: 7715: 7710: 7708: 7703: 7699: 7689: 7687: 7683: 7679: 7675: 7671: 7667: 7663: 7659: 7655: 7651: 7647: 7643: 7640: 7636: 7632: 7629:in 1357, the 7628: 7625:. Before the 7624: 7620: 7616: 7612: 7609: 7605: 7601: 7597: 7591: 7582: 7577: 7568: 7563: 7554: 7549: 7540: 7534: 7532: 7531:wwang jaladhi 7516: 7507: 7496: 7487: 7478: 7476: 7471: 7466: 7452: 7438: 7424: 7410: 7408: 7404: 7400: 7396: 7392: 7387: 7385: 7381: 7377: 7373: 7372: 7367: 7365: 7361: 7357: 7353: 7352: 7347: 7343: 7337: 7335: 7334:karambalangan 7330: 7326: 7322: 7321: 7320:karambalangan 7316: 7315: 7310: 7306: 7305: 7304:siping-siping 7300: 7299: 7294: 7293: 7282: 7275: 7270: 7263: 7258: 7255: 7251: 7247: 7240: 7235: 7231: 7230:Java arquebus 7227: 7220: 7215: 7208: 7203: 7199: 7192: 7187: 7186: 7184: 7180: 7176: 7172: 7168: 7164: 7163: 7158: 7153: 7147: 7145: 7141: 7137: 7132: 7130: 7126: 7122: 7118: 7114: 7111:, which is a 7110: 7104: 7102: 7098: 7094: 7090: 7086: 7082: 7071: 7070:Javanese Nāga 7067: 7064: 7060: 7059: 7050: 7039: 7029: 7024: 7022: 7018: 7014: 7010: 7006: 7005:Suma Oriental 7002: 7001:standing army 6997: 6995: 6994:War elephants 6991: 6986: 6981: 6977: 6964: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6951: 6949: 6946: 6944: 6941: 6940: 6937: 6926: 6921: 6919: 6914: 6912: 6907: 6906: 6903: 6894: 6891: 6890: 6889:Suma Oriental 6881: 6877: 6874: 6870: 6866: 6863: 6860: 6856: 6852: 6848: 6844: 6840: 6836: 6833: 6832: 6831: 6824: 6820: 6817: 6814: 6810: 6807: 6804: 6800: 6797: 6795: 6792: 6790: 6787: 6784: 6780: 6777: 6774: 6770: 6767: 6765:Kembang Jenar 6764: 6761: 6758: 6755: 6751: 6747: 6744: 6741: 6738: 6735: 6731: 6728: 6727: 6725: 6723: 6719: 6714: 6711: 6706: 6704: 6700: 6696: 6692: 6687: 6685: 6681: 6677: 6673: 6669: 6666:), Rajapura ( 6665: 6661: 6657: 6653: 6648: 6646: 6642: 6638: 6633: 6631: 6627: 6622: 6618: 6616: 6612: 6603: 6599: 6597: 6593: 6589: 6585: 6581: 6577: 6573: 6569: 6565: 6561: 6557: 6553: 6549: 6545: 6541: 6537: 6533: 6529: 6525: 6521: 6517: 6513: 6509: 6505: 6501: 6497: 6493: 6489: 6485: 6481: 6477: 6473: 6470:). Gurun and 6469: 6465: 6461: 6456: 6454: 6450: 6446: 6442: 6438: 6434: 6430: 6426: 6422: 6418: 6414: 6410: 6406: 6402: 6398: 6397:Tanjung Kutei 6394: 6390: 6386: 6382: 6378: 6374: 6370: 6366: 6361: 6360:, and Lawas. 6359: 6355: 6351: 6347: 6344: 6340: 6336: 6332: 6328: 6324: 6320: 6319:Samudra Pasai 6316: 6312: 6308: 6304: 6300: 6296: 6295:North Sumatra 6292: 6288: 6284: 6280: 6276: 6272: 6268: 6264: 6260: 6256: 6252: 6248: 6244: 6240: 6233: 6229: 6225: 6220: 6213: 6209: 6205: 6201: 6197: 6193: 6192: 6188: 6185: 6181: 6177: 6173: 6169: 6165: 6161: 6157: 6153: 6149: 6145: 6141: 6140: 6136: 6133: 6129: 6125: 6121: 6117: 6116:Brantas River 6113: 6109: 6108: 6104: 6103: 6098: 6094: 6089: 6074: 6071: 6069:Kalinggapura 6068: 6065: 6063:Kalinggapura 6062: 6061: 6057: 6054: 6051: 6048: 6045: 6044: 6040: 6037: 6034: 6031: 6028: 6024: 6021: 6020: 6016: 6013: 6010: 6007: 6004: 6003: 6000:niece-in-law 5999: 5996: 5993: 5990: 5987: 5986: 5982: 5979: 5976: 5973: 5970: 5966: 5965: 5961: 5958: 5955: 5952: 5949: 5948: 5944: 5941: 5938: 5935: 5932: 5931: 5927: 5924: 5921: 5918: 5915: 5911: 5910: 5906: 5903: 5900: 5897: 5894: 5890: 5889: 5885: 5882: 5879: 5876: 5873: 5869: 5868: 5864: 5861: 5858: 5855: 5852: 5848: 5847: 5843: 5840: 5837: 5834: 5831: 5827: 5826: 5822: 5819: 5816: 5813: 5810: 5806: 5802: 5799: 5798: 5784: 5781: 5779: 5769: 5766: 5764:Bhre Mataram 5763: 5760: 5756: 5753: 5752: 5748: 5745: 5742: 5739: 5735: 5732: 5731: 5727: 5724: 5721: 5718: 5714: 5713: 5709: 5707:Surawardhani 5706: 5703: 5700: 5699: 5695: 5692: 5690:Bhre Kabalan 5689: 5686: 5682: 5681: 5677: 5674: 5672:Bhre Paguhan 5671: 5668: 5664: 5663: 5659: 5656: 5653: 5650: 5646: 5645: 5641: 5638: 5636:Bhre Matahun 5635: 5632: 5628: 5627: 5623: 5621:Wijayarajasa 5620: 5618:Bhre Wengker 5617: 5614: 5610: 5609: 5605: 5602: 5600:Bhre Tumapel 5599: 5596: 5592: 5591: 5587: 5584: 5581: 5578: 5574: 5573: 5570:queen mother 5569: 5566: 5563: 5560: 5556: 5552: 5549: 5548: 5534: 5531: 5529: 5524: 5522: 5518: 5514: 5504: 5501: 5498: 5494: 5491: 5488: 5484: 5481: 5478: 5474: 5471: 5468: 5464: 5460: 5456: 5453: 5450: 5449: 5445: 5444: 5443: 5442: 5441: 5435: 5430: 5421: 5419: 5415: 5411: 5407: 5402: 5400: 5396: 5392: 5388: 5384: 5380: 5376: 5366: 5363: 5360: 5357: 5354: 5350: 5347: 5344: 5341: 5340: 5339: 5338: 5337: 5328: 5325: 5321: 5320: 5314: 5312: 5308: 5304: 5300: 5295: 5291: 5287: 5283: 5279: 5274: 5272: 5268: 5264: 5263: 5258: 5257:law and order 5251:Law and order 5248: 5246: 5242: 5232: 5222: 5211: 5200: 5186: 5182: 5180: 5176: 5172: 5168: 5164: 5160: 5156: 5152: 5147: 5141: 5139: 5135: 5131: 5126: 5118: 5114: 5112: 5107: 5103: 5098: 5093: 5085: 5081: 5077: 5073: 5069: 5066: 5061: 5057: 5055: 5051: 5047: 5043: 5039: 5035: 5031: 5027: 5023: 5019: 5015: 5011: 5007: 5003: 4999: 4995: 4991: 4987: 4982: 4980: 4976: 4972: 4968: 4964: 4960: 4956: 4952: 4948: 4944: 4940: 4936: 4932: 4928: 4924: 4920: 4916: 4912: 4908: 4904: 4898: 4894: 4892: 4891: 4880: 4878: 4874: 4870: 4866: 4862: 4858: 4854: 4850: 4842: 4838: 4833: 4829: 4827: 4822: 4818: 4814: 4809: 4805: 4801: 4800: 4795: 4794: 4789: 4784: 4782: 4777: 4773: 4768: 4764: 4761:in Sidoarjo, 4760: 4756: 4752: 4751: 4746: 4734: 4731: 4728: 4724: 4723: 4720: 4719:Left to right 4711: 4702: 4693: 4691: 4687: 4683: 4678: 4661: 4652: 4641: 4632: 4623: 4621: 4620: 4615: 4614: 4609: 4604: 4600: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4587: 4582: 4572: 4562: 4553: 4543: 4533: 4529: 4527: 4523: 4519: 4515: 4511: 4505: 4503: 4499: 4495: 4491: 4484: 4479: 4475: 4473: 4469: 4465: 4460: 4454: 4452: 4448: 4444: 4440: 4435: 4426: 4421: 4411: 4409: 4408: 4403: 4399: 4395: 4391: 4386: 4381: 4380: 4376: 4372: 4368: 4362: 4356: 4355: 4349: 4345: 4343: 4339: 4335: 4334: 4329: 4328: 4321: 4319: 4315: 4312: 4308: 4304: 4300: 4296: 4293:, Tantular's 4292: 4288: 4284: 4281:also popular 4280: 4276: 4275:Bharatayuddha 4272: 4268: 4264: 4260: 4256: 4255: 4250: 4247: 4237: 4235: 4231: 4227: 4223: 4219: 4215: 4211: 4207: 4203: 4198: 4196: 4192: 4188: 4184: 4180: 4175: 4173: 4169: 4165: 4161: 4157: 4153: 4149: 4145: 4141: 4134: 4130: 4125: 4121: 4119: 4115: 4111: 4107: 4103: 4101: 4097: 4093: 4089: 4085: 4078: 4074: 4063: 4058: 4056: 4051: 4049: 4044: 4043: 4041: 4040: 4037: 4026: 4016: 4015: 4007: 4004: 4002: 3999: 3997: 3994: 3993: 3989: 3984: 3983: 3975: 3972: 3970: 3967: 3965: 3962: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3954:Sunda Kingdom 3952: 3950: 3947: 3946: 3942: 3937: 3936: 3928: 3925: 3923: 3920: 3918: 3915: 3914: 3910: 3905: 3904: 3895: 3892: 3890: 3887: 3885: 3882: 3881: 3874: 3873: 3869: 3865: 3864: 3861: 3858: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3848: 3839: 3837: 3832: 3828: 3822: 3818: 3816: 3811: 3809: 3807: 3800: 3798: 3794: 3790: 3785: 3783: 3779: 3775: 3771: 3767: 3763: 3759: 3755: 3751: 3746: 3744: 3740: 3736: 3732: 3728: 3723: 3719: 3717: 3713: 3709: 3699: 3692: 3687: 3680: 3675: 3668: 3663: 3659: 3655: 3652:The graceful 3648: 3643: 3642: 3641: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3627: 3623: 3619: 3615: 3611: 3607: 3603: 3599: 3595: 3591: 3587: 3583: 3579: 3575: 3571: 3570: 3564: 3563:(1309–1328). 3562: 3556: 3553: 3549: 3547: 3544:, cardamoms, 3543: 3536: 3534: 3524: 3520: 3518: 3514: 3510: 3506: 3502: 3498: 3494: 3490: 3486: 3482: 3478: 3474: 3473: 3467: 3464: 3452: 3447: 3444:, and temple. 3443: 3439: 3432: 3427: 3423: 3416: 3411: 3407: 3403: 3396: 3391: 3390: 3389: 3387: 3383: 3378: 3374: 3370: 3366: 3356: 3354: 3350: 3346: 3342: 3338: 3334: 3330: 3326: 3321: 3317: 3315: 3309: 3307: 3306:Adipati Yunus 3303: 3299: 3294: 3292: 3284: 3280: 3271: 3269: 3264: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3250: 3249:Sunan Ngudung 3245: 3243: 3239: 3235: 3231: 3227: 3223: 3218: 3216: 3212: 3208: 3204: 3200: 3196: 3191: 3189: 3185: 3181: 3170: 3168: 3164: 3160: 3155: 3153: 3149: 3144: 3142: 3137: 3133: 3129: 3122: 3118: 3113: 3104: 3102: 3098: 3094: 3090: 3085: 3080: 3078: 3077: 3072: 3067: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3053: 3049: 3043: 3041: 3037: 3033: 3028: 3027:show of power 3023: 3020: 3016: 3012: 3008: 2999: 2994: 2984: 2982: 2978: 2977:eastern court 2974: 2970: 2969:western court 2966: 2960: 2950: 2948: 2944: 2940: 2936: 2931: 2929: 2925: 2921: 2915: 2913: 2909: 2898: 2896: 2891: 2890:proselytisers 2887: 2882: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2868: 2864: 2860: 2852: 2851: 2846: 2842: 2837: 2833: 2831: 2827: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2810: 2806: 2801: 2799: 2795: 2791: 2787: 2783: 2779: 2775: 2771: 2767: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2745: 2744: 2739: 2738: 2733: 2732: 2727: 2726: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2708:Sunda Kingdom 2705: 2700: 2698: 2694: 2690: 2685: 2680: 2676: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2650: 2646: 2644: 2640: 2636: 2632: 2631:Samudra Pasai 2628: 2624: 2620: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2604: 2600: 2596: 2595:Nusa Tenggara 2592: 2588: 2584: 2580: 2576: 2575: 2570: 2566: 2559: 2555: 2550: 2541: 2539: 2534: 2530: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2515: 2513: 2509: 2505: 2501: 2497: 2490: 2486: 2482: 2477: 2463: 2461: 2460: 2455: 2451: 2446: 2443: 2439: 2435: 2429: 2425: 2422: 2418: 2414: 2406: 2402: 2398: 2394: 2390: 2389:mounted rider 2385: 2376: 2373: 2369: 2364: 2363:as his wife. 2362: 2358: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2330: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2311:portrayed as 2310: 2305: 2296: 2294: 2289: 2285: 2281: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2265: 2261: 2253: 2250: 2245: 2240: 2230: 2228: 2224: 2220: 2219:Mongol Empire 2216: 2212: 2208: 2204: 2200: 2185: 2183: 2179: 2174: 2173: 2161: 2160: 2155: 2151: 2147: 2143: 2139: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2108: 2104: 2100: 2097:history. The 2096: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2080: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2064: 2059: 2058: 2044: 2041: 2040: 2035: 2031: 2029: 2028: 2021: 2018: 2007: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1976: 1974: 1970: 1969: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1950: 1945: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1934: 1929: 1925: 1921: 1917: 1911: 1905: 1899: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1881: 1876: 1872: 1869: 1865: 1861: 1857: 1853: 1845: 1844: 1838: 1829: 1825: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1811: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1782: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1743: 1739: 1736: 1731: 1719: 1715: 1703: 1694: 1682: 1678: 1667: 1662: 1660: 1655: 1653: 1648: 1647: 1645: 1644: 1641: 1631: 1630: 1624: 1619: 1616: 1614: 1611: 1609: 1606: 1604: 1601: 1597: 1594: 1592: 1589: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1573: 1572: 1569: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1559: 1557: 1554: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1542: 1539: 1538: 1531: 1530: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1514: 1512: 1509: 1507: 1504: 1503: 1499: 1494: 1493: 1483: 1481: 1478: 1477: 1473: 1471: 1468: 1467: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1457: 1453: 1451: 1448: 1447: 1443: 1441: 1438: 1437: 1429: 1428: 1418: 1416: 1413: 1412: 1408: 1406: 1403: 1402: 1398: 1396: 1393: 1392: 1388: 1386: 1383: 1382: 1374: 1373: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1353: 1349: 1347: 1344: 1343: 1339: 1337: 1334: 1333: 1329: 1327: 1324: 1323: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1313: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1303: 1295: 1294: 1284: 1282: 1279: 1278: 1274: 1272: 1269: 1268: 1264: 1262: 1259: 1258: 1253: 1248: 1247: 1237: 1235: 1232: 1231: 1227: 1225: 1222: 1221: 1216: 1211: 1210: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1194: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1184: 1180: 1178: 1175: 1174: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1164: 1160: 1158: 1155: 1154: 1150: 1148: 1145: 1144: 1140: 1138: 1135: 1134: 1130: 1128: 1125: 1124: 1120: 1118: 1115: 1114: 1110: 1108: 1105: 1104: 1100: 1098: 1095: 1094: 1090: 1088: 1085: 1084: 1080: 1078: 1075: 1074: 1070: 1068: 1065: 1064: 1060: 1058: 1055: 1054: 1050: 1048: 1045: 1044: 1040: 1038: 1035: 1034: 1030: 1028: 1025: 1024: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1014: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1004: 1000: 998: 995: 994: 990: 988: 985: 984: 980: 978: 975: 974: 970: 968: 965: 964: 960: 958: 955: 954: 950: 948: 945: 944: 940: 938: 935: 934: 930: 928: 925: 924: 919: 914: 913: 903: 901: 898: 897: 893: 891: 888: 887: 883: 881: 878: 877: 873: 871: 868: 867: 863: 861: 858: 857: 853: 851: 848: 847: 843: 841: 840:Sunda Kingdom 838: 837: 833: 831: 828: 827: 823: 821: 818: 817: 813: 811: 808: 807: 803: 801: 798: 797: 793: 791: 788: 787: 783: 781: 778: 777: 773: 771: 768: 767: 763: 761: 758: 757: 753: 751: 750:Kutai Kingdom 748: 747: 742: 737: 736: 726: 724: 721: 720: 716: 714: 711: 710: 707: 705: 704: 700: 699: 695: 693: 690: 689: 685: 683: 680: 679: 676: 674: 673: 669: 668: 663: 658: 657: 654: 651: 650: 646: 642: 641: 638: 632: 631: 626: 621: 620: 613: 609: 605: 603: 581: 578: 576: 573: 571: 568: 566: 563: 561: 558: 556: 553: 551: 548: 547: 545: 543:Today part of 541: 525: 523: 520: 519: 516: 510: 507: 500: 499: 496: 495: 492: 489: 487: 484: 483: 479: 474: 471: 468: 467: 466: 462: 458: 454: 450: 444: 440: 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 415: 412: 400: 397: 394: 382: 379:Suraprabhāva) 378: 374: 371: 365: 362:Sūryavikrama) 361: 357: 354: 348: 344: 340: 336: 333: 327: 323: 320:(Kṛtavijaya, 319: 316: 310: 307: 304: 298: 294: 290: 286: 283: 277: 273: 269: 265: 261: 258:Hayam Wuruk, 257: 253: 250: 244: 240: 236: 233: 227: 223: 220: 214: 210: 206: 203: 197: 193: 189: 187: 183: 180: 176: 175:Mandala state 173: 169: 164: 161: 158: 155: 152: 148: 145: 143: 140: 137: 133: 130: 129: 128: 124: 119: 116: 114: 111: 110: 109: 105: 101: 97: 94: 90: 85: 84: 77: 72: 66: 65: 57: 50: 45: 41: 36: 22: 19: 21403:Family trees 21348:Hindu states 21083:Tao-Klarjeti 20897:Muhammad Ali 20570:Khmer Varman 20476: 20215:Contemporary 20065:Indo-Persian 20053:Nazi Germany 19997:Contemporary 19899:Vijayanagara 19798:Great Seljuk 19709:Thessalonica 19637:Golden Horde 19616: 19277:Carthaginian 19056:Neo-Assyrian 19041:Neo-Sumerian 18913:Dependencies 18843:Turkmenistan 18808:Saudi Arabia 18510:South Maluku 18051:Tarumanagara 18010: 17914: 17864: 17853:, retrieved 17848: 17828: 17809: 17790: 17771: 17752: 17743: 17724: 17715: 17706: 17687: 17669: 17662:Bibliography 17649: 17640: 17632:the original 17622: 17614:the original 17604: 17592:. 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Retrieved 16414: 16394:Nugroho 2011 16389: 16382:Nugroho 2011 16377: 16370:Nugroho 2011 16365: 16358:Nugroho 2011 16353: 16334: 16328: 16321:Nugroho 2011 16316: 16308: 16303: 16295: 16290: 16280: 16273: 16264: 16256: 16251: 16240: 16236: 16231: 16211: 16204: 16179: 16175: 16154: 16137: 16131: 16111: 16104: 16096: 16091: 16083: 16078: 16071:Nugroho 2011 16066: 16059:hlm. 118-119 16052: 16047: 16016: 16009: 16000: 15994: 15975: 15966: 15958: 15952: 15934: 15927: 15908: 15902: 15893: 15855: 15850: 15843:Nugroho 2011 15838: 15819: 15813: 15804: 15776: 15770: 15758:. Retrieved 15751:the original 15740: 15728:. Retrieved 15724: 15715: 15680: 15676: 15666: 15646: 15639: 15627:. Retrieved 15622: 15598: 15591:Nugroho 2011 15586: 15579:Nugroho 2011 15574: 15565: 15557:the original 15547: 15530: 15526: 15516: 15496: 15467: 15451:Nugroho 2011 15446: 15434:. Retrieved 15430: 15420: 15410:30 September 15408:. Retrieved 15404: 15382: 15362: 15355: 15346: 15336: 15316: 15292:. 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Retrieved 13842: 13786: 13739: 13738:C. C. Berg. 13734: 13704:(1): 91–99. 13701: 13697: 13691: 13682: 13676: 13664:. Retrieved 13660: 13650: 13638:. Retrieved 13634:the original 13629: 13619: 13610: 13604: 13579: 13571: 13559:. Retrieved 13555:the original 13532: 13523: 13514: 13505: 13496: 13487: 13478: 13470: 13465: 13457: 13452: 13440:. Retrieved 13436: 13404: 13360: 13332:. Retrieved 13325:the original 13316: 13293: 13273: 13252: 13246: 13234:. Retrieved 13230: 13221: 13209:. 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Tamiyang ( 6257:in Jambi or 6237: 6190: 6189: 6163: 6147: 6144:Negara Agung 6143: 6138: 6137: 6132:Negara Agung 6131: 6128:Hujung Galuh 6120:Pananggungan 6107:Negara Agung 6106: 6105: 6091: 6066: 6049: 6032: 6008: 5991: 5974: 5956:Tanjungpura 5953: 5950:Tanjungpura 5936: 5919: 5898: 5877: 5856: 5835: 5814: 5775: 5743:Bhre Pajang 5717:Central Java 5525: 5520: 5516: 5512: 5510: 5502: 5496: 5492: 5486: 5482: 5476: 5472: 5466: 5462: 5458: 5454: 5446: 5439: 5433: 5409: 5405: 5403: 5398: 5397:priest) and 5390: 5382: 5378: 5374: 5372: 5364: 5358: 5348: 5342: 5334: 5317: 5315: 5298: 5293: 5289: 5285: 5275: 5271:Rajasanagara 5266: 5260: 5254: 5245:chakravartin 5238: 5183: 5155:Ming dynasty 5145: 5142: 5127: 5123: 5110: 5105: 5089: 5041: 5037: 5034:Mang-chi-shi 5033: 5025: 5021: 5009: 5006:mang-chi-shi 5005: 4983: 4938: 4902: 4900: 4896: 4888: 4886: 4872: 4865:step pyramid 4846: 4820: 4816: 4812: 4808:candi bentar 4807: 4804:candi bentar 4803: 4799:candi bentar 4797: 4791: 4787: 4785: 4748: 4742: 4718: 4673: 4617: 4611: 4605: 4601: 4596: 4591: 4584: 4580: 4579:In his book 4578: 4536:Architecture 4530: 4521: 4509: 4506: 4487: 4455: 4447:Balinese art 4431: 4405: 4401: 4397: 4393: 4389: 4387: 4384: 4378: 4374: 4370: 4366: 4365: 4360: 4352: 4337: 4331: 4325: 4322: 4317: 4313: 4311:Old Javanese 4286: 4283:Panji cycles 4277:, Panuluh's 4267:Arjunawiwaha 4252: 4243: 4234:Kadewaguruan 4233: 4228:is led by a 4226:Kadewaguruan 4225: 4222:Kadewaguruan 4221: 4218:Kadewaguruan 4217: 4213: 4199: 4195:Mpu Tantular 4178: 4176: 4137: 4104: 4095: 4082: 3973: 3949:Tarumanagara 3823: 3820: 3812: 3804: 3801: 3788: 3786: 3753: 3750:Tang dynasty 3747: 3739:coconut milk 3729:mixed with, 3724: 3720: 3707: 3704: 3653: 3629: 3625: 3622:Man-che-po-I 3621: 3617: 3610:Su-pa-erh-ya 3609: 3601: 3589: 3581: 3567: 3565: 3558: 3554: 3550: 3538: 3529: 3469: 3460: 3437: 3422:Friar Odoric 3382:dependencies 3363:The capital 3362: 3322: 3318: 3310: 3295: 3288: 3265: 3246: 3233: 3225: 3221: 3219: 3203:Malay Annals 3192: 3176: 3163:Bhre Pamotan 3156: 3145: 3140: 3125: 3107:Queen Suhita 3081: 3074: 3068: 3044: 3036:Indian Ocean 3024: 3004: 2962: 2932: 2928:Ming dynasty 2916: 2904: 2894: 2888:traders and 2883: 2866: 2856: 2848: 2826:Adityawarman 2817:Ming dynasty 2802: 2765: 2763: 2741: 2735: 2729: 2725:Kidung Sunda 2723: 2704:Citra Rashmi 2701: 2696: 2683: 2678: 2674: 2671: 2572: 2563: 2531: 2527:Bali Kingdom 2516: 2500:Dyah Gitarja 2496:Buddhist nun 2493: 2457: 2453: 2447: 2437: 2433: 2430: 2426: 2420: 2410: 2365: 2337:Raden Wijaya 2334: 2287: 2283: 2279: 2272:Raden Wijaya 2263: 2257: 2196: 2177: 2171: 2157: 2142:Ming dynasty 2135: 2111: 2098: 2087:Mpu Prapanca 2076:Old Javanese 2071: 2067: 2061: 2055: 2053: 2037: 2025: 2022: 2017:Old Javanese 2013: 2010:Inscriptions 1999:British Java 1987: 1965: 1962:Old Javanese 1957: 1953: 1948: 1946: 1941: 1938:Raden Wijaya 1931: 1919: 1915: 1914:'bitter 1884: 1878: 1874: 1863: 1855: 1851: 1849: 1841: 1826: 1780: 1770:and her son 1713: 1676: 1675: 1622: 1581:Christianity 899: 830:Bali Kingdom 723:Buni culture 701: 686:1,000,000 BP 670: 599: 491:Succeeded by 490: 485: 376: 359: 342: 338: 321: 292: 288: 271: 267: 263: 259: 255: 252:Rājasanagara 238: 208: 150: 113:Old Javanese 82: 39: 18: 21278:Family tree 21243:Trpimirović 21010:Netherlands 19803:Khwarezmian 19736:Carolingian 19541:Rashtrakuta 19245:Shaishunaga 19144:Hellenistic 19127:New Kingdom 19117:Old Kingdom 18972:Asia portal 18873:States with 18793:Philippines 18733:South Korea 18728:North Korea 18623:Afghanistan 18518: [ 18501: [ 18498:Negeri Soya 18484: [ 18324:Tanjungpura 18304:Negara Daha 18299:Negara Dipa 18237:Riau-Lingga 18136:Dharmasraya 17846:Sabrizain, 17594:14 February 17558:. pp. 17531:17 November 17417:13 November 17007:, 5.4: 47: 16756:. Ashgate. 16182:: 233–268. 15629:21 November 15533:: 113–134. 15294:19 November 14940:20 February 14838:pp. 118-119 14571:John Miksic 14470:20 February 14428:20 February 14360:20 February 14335:20 February 14201:Yule, Henry 14108:Merdeka.com 13097:dress shirt 12821:Deśavarṇana 12807:Deśavarṇana 12560:written by 12488:martial art 12452:comic strip 12442:Sanusi Pane 11964:Parameswara 11763:♀ Bhre Daha 11146:Kertarajasa 10958:Dharmasraya 10906:Family tree 10838:Interregnum 10775:Pagarruyung 10729:Hayam Wuruk 10656:Kublai Khan 10534:Palapa oath 10528:, Jakarta. 10398:Raden Patah 10379:Taming Sari 10182:Sri Tanjung 10022:George Town 9977:Immigration 9017:Konfrontasi 8172:<100 BCE 8077:235,000 BCE 8044:Paleolithic 8011:History of 7912:Pagarruyung 7908:Minangkabau 7864:Kertanegara 7853:states and 7734:cartography 7382:(海国广记) and 7144:Bhayangkara 7136:Bhayangkara 6859:Mansur Shah 6855:Mansur Shah 6794:Tanjungpura 6580:Kai Islands 6480:Sape Strait 6435:, Tumasik ( 6375:), Barune ( 6271:Minangkabau 6267:Dharmasraya 6232:Philippines 6168:Dharmasraya 6164:mancanegara 6139:Mancanegara 6011:Singhapura 6005:Singhapura 5912:Wirabhumi ( 5722:Bhre Lasem 5647:Wirabhumi ( 5465:(lord), or 5434:Mancanagara 5241:Hayam Wuruk 5130:cultivation 4998:pomegranate 4959:guinea fowl 4943:cantharides 4837:split gates 4781:Jawi temple 4532:figurines. 4502:piggy banks 4434:Pala Empire 4398:Chiao-chang 4303:Sri Tanjung 4271:Smaradahana 4204:nobles and 4179:Siwa Buddha 4133:Kalmasapada 4092:Vaishnavism 4077:Jawi Temple 3714:'s horn or 3485:Banjarmasin 3291:Raden Patah 3253:Sunan Kudus 3222:sinengkalan 3159:Kertawijaya 2943:Parameswara 2830:Minangkabau 2758:Kertanegara 2565:Hayam Wuruk 2533:Ibn Battuta 2508:Palapa oath 2489:Hayam Wuruk 2459:Babad Dalem 2421:Bhayangkara 2395:, within a 2357:Dharmasraya 2309:Kertarajasa 2260:Jayakatwang 2211:Kublai Khan 2178:Ming shi-lu 2125:Damar Wulan 2101:focuses on 2091:Hayam Wuruk 2083:Hayam Wuruk 2068:Deśavarṇana 2057:Deśavarṇana 1966:yava-dvīpa- 1868:orientalist 1818:Philippines 1814:Timor Leste 1808:, southern 1781:Deśavarṇana 1772:Hayam Wuruk 1764: 1527 1685:ꦩꦺꦴꦗꦺꦴꦥꦲꦶꦠ꧀ 1546:Archaeology 1541:Agriculture 947:Aru Kingdom 672:Paleolithic 634:History of 580:Philippines 575:Timor Leste 486:Preceded by 408: 1513 390: 1486 295:Gagak Sali) 177:ruled by a 83:Deśavarṇana 30:ꦩꦺꦴꦗꦺꦴꦥꦲꦶꦠ꧀ 21322:Categories 21283:Ahnentafel 21208:simplified 21062:Von Graben 20953:simplified 20822:Terengganu 20711:simplified 20655:Achaemenid 20373:Portuguese 20254:Revival Le 20244:Vietnamese 19887:Later Tran 19857:Vietnamese 19753:Singhasari 19741:Holy Roman 19365:Bulgarian 19301:Satavahana 19272:Phoenician 19208:Achaemenid 19169:Indo-Greek 19149:Macedonian 19063:Babylonian 18853:Uzbekistan 18828:Tajikistan 18743:Kyrgyzstan 18723:Kazakhstan 18643:Bangladesh 18633:Azerbaijan 18515:Tanah Hitu 18420:West Timor 18266:Kalimantan 18232:Pagaruyung 18107:Yogyakarta 18082:Kalinyamat 18036:Singhasari 18031:Shailendra 17976:Blambangan 17443:14 October 17364:Ahmad 1979 17336:Sindo News 15527:T'oung Pao 15468:Java Style 15436:19 October 15288:KOMPAS.com 15199:: 95–118. 14712:(1): 1–28. 14584:9813018267 14306:, 3: 98: " 14087:20 October 13856:5 November 13640:18 October 13442:5 February 13361:Britannica 13110:References 13071:parampogan 12754:Tenggerese 12684:Bill Wurtz 12658:Gajah Mada 12626:Later, in 12613:Gajah Mada 12572:up to the 12566:Gajah Mada 12553:Gajah Mada 12532:(2004), a 12494:Wali Songo 12474:Saur Sepuh 12349:Ranawijaya 11974:Sri Suhita 11962:Bhre Hyang 11371:Cakradhara 11138:Indreswari 10977:Singhasari 10883:1474–1498 10863:1466–1474 10848:1456–1466 10834:1453–1456 10819:1451–1453 10804:1447–1451 10783:1429–1447 10750:1389–1429 10725:1350–1389 10692:1328–1350 10675:Jayanagara 10670:1309–1328 10636:1293–1309 10606:Singhasari 10572:Jero Wacik 10553:Gajah Mada 10300:Yogyakarta 10252:terracotta 10186:Damarwulan 10171:Brunei Bay 9668:Sauk Siege 9335:Green Wave 8809:Sook Ching 8583:Larut Wars 8533:Naning War 8356:1516– 1902 8231:Old Pahang 8188:Langkasuka 8123:16,000 BCE 8084:Mesolithic 7860:Singhasari 7805:, Cambay ( 7787:Tenasserim 7646:malangbang 7623:deadweight 7407:Greek fire 7314:waju rante 7281:Candi Jago 7179:parampukan 7157:chain mail 7142:noted the 7093:Gajah Mada 6958:Regreg War 6823:Blambangan 6803:Singhasari 6789:Singhapura 6773:Bojonegoro 6672:Singhapuri 6611:suzerainty 6409:Langkasuka 6391:, Sawaku, 6387:), Pasir, 6303:Mandailing 6224:gold image 6172:Pagaruyung 5969:Bojonegoro 5922:Wirabhumi 5914:Blambangan 5893:Bojonegoro 5851:Singhasari 5817:Kahuripan 5786:Provinces 5759:Yogyakarta 5685:Bojonegoro 5649:Blambangan 5631:Bojonegoro 5595:Singhasari 5582:Bhre Daha 5536:Provinces 5418:Regreg war 5311:pawnbroker 5173:, Burmese 5171:Ayutthayan 5169:, Siamese 5134:irrigation 5068:piggy bank 5065:terracotta 5063:Majapahit 5018:watermelon 5014:mangosteen 4973:, cattle, 4931:sandalwood 4923:sapan wood 4861:Mount Lawu 4851:, such as 4817:kori agung 4788:kori agung 4755:palm sugar 4688:, the red 4518:Indonesian 4494:terracotta 4307:Damarwulan 4279:Hariwangsa 4273:, Sedah's 4240:Literature 4183:syncretism 4168:Gajah Mada 3969:Singhasari 3877:Variations 3831:greyhounds 3815:Tomé Pires 3708:pu-la-t'ou 3626:pu-la-t'ou 3602:Ko-erh-hsi 3561:Jayanegara 3333:Blambangan 3302:Portuguese 3230:chronogram 3173:The divide 3152:Blambangan 3148:Damarwulan 2965:Regreg War 2959:Regreg War 2953:Regreg War 2863:Kalimantan 2774:New Guinea 2695:poetry as 2662:Gajah Mada 2654:terracotta 2639:malangbang 2603:New Guinea 2569:Gajah Mada 2519:Gajah Mada 2504:Gajah Mada 2466:Golden age 2438:Kala Gemet 2417:Gajah Mada 2413:Jayanegara 2379:Jayanegara 2368:Ranggalawe 2361:Dara Petak 2266:(Duke) of 2207:Singhasari 2182:Regreg War 2107:Singhasari 2095:Singhasari 1958:bhūmi Jawa 1904:vilvatikta 1893:विल्वतिक्त 1885:Wilwatikta 1866:". German 1790:New Guinea 1776:Gajah Mada 1768:Tribhuvana 1747:empire in 1722:ꦮꦶꦭ꧀ꦮꦠꦶꦏ꧀ꦠ 1714:Wilwatikta 1603:Mass media 1480:Reform era 1460:Transition 1306:Portuguese 692:Flores Man 662:Prehistory 509:Singhasari 274:Janeśvara) 205:Kṛtarājasa 171:Government 147:asceticism 21328:Majapahit 21248:Frankopan 21194:Monarchs 20938:De Graeff 20933:Branković 20913:Bagratuni 20612:Sri Lanka 20597:Jerusalem 20366:Couronian 20004:Ethiopian 19992:Manchukuo 19947:Brazilian 19793:Ghaznavid 19763:Srivijaya 19714:Trebizond 19699:Byzantine 19681:North Sea 19676:Norwegian 19664:Almoravid 19647:Ilkhanate 19617:Majapahit 19590:Muromachi 19499:Solomonic 19484:Ethiopian 19398:Caliphate 19331:Aragonese 19159:Ptolemaic 18939:Hong Kong 18893:Palestine 18818:Sri Lanka 18813:Singapore 18693:Indonesia 18400:Larantuka 18309:Pontianak 18227:Palembang 18171:Srivijaya 18161:Samaskuta 18102:Surakarta 18041:Srivijaya 18011:Majapahit 17996:Kahuripan 17855:4 October 17505:6 October 17412:ThoughtCo 17395:Holt 1967 17155:0104-5970 17060:14 August 16991:162220129 16928:247335671 16809:164528855 16801:0044-8613 16478:: p. 178. 16420:14 August 16196:191565174 15760:4 October 15699:0006-2294 15623:kompas.id 15431:Storymaps 15269:0217-7811 14753:Sabrizain 14423:244856970 14415:2656-1026 14082:318053182 13726:163139226 13486:(2005) . 13236:9 January 13211:5 October 13201:646857823 13146:Pararaton 12853:Pararaton 12749:Srivijaya 12600:Jung Jawa 12590:Bubat War 12574:Bubat War 12558:pentalogy 12542:Hang Tuah 12534:Malaysian 12478:Pajajaran 12464:criticism 11949:Parakrama 11164:Rajapatni 10766:Singapura 10515:New Order 10496:Airlangga 10488:Panataran 10480:Prambanan 10410:genealogy 10347:Pararaton 10327:Airlangga 10296:Kota Gede 10271:paduraksa 10256:red brick 10246:also the 10238:) in the 10163:Singapura 10151:Sundanese 10143:West Java 10110:folklores 10000:By region 9902:2021–2022 9812:2014–2015 9712:2006–2007 9652:1998–1999 9518:Dawn Raid 9432:1969–2002 9402:1967–2009 9367:1962–1966 9355:Incidents 9329:2021–2023 9319:2020–2022 9309:2020–2022 9266:2009–2010 9256:1998–2022 9246:1997–1998 9216:1987–1988 9156:1979–2008 9126:1971–1990 9106:1969–1971 9071:1968–1989 9051:1963–1965 9021:1963–1966 9001:1962–1990 8991:1960–2012 8936:1948–1960 8926:1948–1963 8916:1946–1948 8906:1946–1963 8896:1946–1963 8882:1945–1946 8853:1943–1944 8843:1943–1945 8833:1942–1945 8773:1941–1942 8763:1941–1942 8753:1941–1945 8701:1909–1946 8681:1895–1946 8671:1894–1905 8661:1891–1895 8651:1882–1946 8631:1874–1946 8617:1875–1876 8613:Perak War 8597:1867–1874 8593:Klang War 8587:1861–1874 8577:1857–1863 8567:1848–1946 8547:1841–1946 8537:1831–1832 8507:1821–1826 8497:1786–1946 8487:1770–1881 8477:1641–1824 8467:1601–1661 8457:1511–1641 8432:1839–1864 8422:1810–1902 8412:1808–1916 8402:1780–1899 8379:1599–1641 8346:1496–1903 8336:1470–1623 8326:1450–1899 8316:1402–1511 8293:1267–1521 8251:Majapahit 8241:Srivijaya 8221:Old Kedah 8108:Neolithic 7843:Srivijaya 7835:Singapura 7827:Singapore 7811:Kozhikode 7726:compasses 7718:astronomy 7686:Borobudur 7678:outrigger 7399:spingarde 7254:East Java 7167:astengger 7125:case shot 7121:grapeshot 7089:Mahapatih 7081:Gunpowder 6886:The book 6869:Palembang 6843:Pontianak 6835:Indragiri 6819:Wirabhumi 6783:Surakarta 6752:, modern 6746:Kahuripan 6691:Karnataka 6652:Ayutthaya 6641:Srivijaya 6630:Nusantara 6582:, Wanin ( 6570:island), 6546:, Kunir, 6502:island). 6451:, Jerai ( 6441:Singapore 6417:Trengganu 6325:, Batan ( 6311:Peureulak 6293:(coastal 6289:, Kampe, 6263:Lake Toba 6261:areas by 6251:Palembang 6191:Nusantara 6180:Palembang 6058:grandson 6027:Surakarta 5939:Jagaraga 5933:Jagaraga 5907:grandson 5801:Kahuripan 5738:Surakarta 5701:Pawanuan 5696:daughter 5551:Kahuripan 5521:Bhatara i 5503:Kabuyutan 5353:ministers 5299:Astadusta 5290:Astadusta 5286:Astadusta 5076:East Java 5038:Lang-ch'a 5022:lang Ch'a 4994:sugarcane 4890:Daoyi Zhi 4821:paduraksa 4813:paduraksa 4793:paduraksa 4772:Penataran 4743:Although 4727:Paduraksa 4686:sandstone 4608:nipa palm 4571:Panataran 4459:tribhanga 4439:Sailendra 4202:kshatriya 4118:shamanism 3974:Majapahit 3770:bracelets 3766:kolintang 3754:senterewe 3727:betel nut 3598:Guangdong 3540:camphor, 3509:Sri Lanka 3493:Black Sea 3466:Mattiussi 3402:red brick 3329:Panarukan 3141:Pararaton 3060:Srivijaya 3056:Palembang 3048:Indragiri 3032:Sri Lanka 2949:in 1400. 2912:Wirabhumi 2821:Srivijaya 2809:Palembang 2794:east Java 2790:legendary 2737:Pararaton 2679:punokawan 2597:islands, 2554:Nusantara 2454:Pararaton 2434:Pararaton 2345:Shaka era 2335:In 1293, 2280:Majapahit 2229:in 1293. 2199:defeating 2193:Formation 2099:Pararaton 2063:Pararaton 2027:Pararaton 1954:Majapahit 1949:Majapahit 1933:Pararaton 1928:Mojokerto 1898:romanized 1852:Majapahit 1850:The name 1832:Etymology 1798:Singapore 1794:Indonesia 1757:Indonesia 1733:), was a 1693:Måjåpahit 1677:Majapahit 1561:Education 1470:New Order 1238:1670–1950 1228:1515–1904 814:600s–900s 804:600s–1025 794:600s–1347 784:500s–600s 774:400s-500s 764:400s–500s 717:75,000 BP 703:Neolithic 636:Indonesia 555:Singapore 550:Indonesia 451:takeover 345:Sinagara) 126:Religion 100:Mojokerto 47:1292–1527 40:Måjåpahit 25:Majapahit 21271:See also 21215:Scotland 21162:Monarchs 21037:Portugal 21005:Nemanjić 20980:Habsburg 20975:Flanders 20817:Selangor 20792:Kelantan 20777:Monarchs 20770:Malaysia 20670:Bavandid 20665:Sasanian 20660:Arsacids 20617:Thailand 20582:Fujiwara 20565:Cambodia 20534:Thomsons 20515:Americas 20346:Japanese 20309:Scottish 20289:American 20281:Colonial 20210:Imperial 20178:Moroccan 20114:Japanese 20092:Afsharid 19951:Burmese 19937:Austrian 19892:Later Le 19867:Early Le 19852:Venetian 19778:Tiwanaku 19691:Hellenic 19654:Moroccan 19585:Kamakura 19575:Japanese 19558:Saffarid 19511:Georgian 19425:Chalukya 19403:Rashidun 19393:Calakmul 19361:Bruneian 19240:Haryanka 19218:Sasanian 19213:Parthian 19164:Bactrian 19154:Seleucid 19134:Goguryeo 19112:Egyptian 19046:Assyrian 19036:Akkadian 19027:Colonies 18962:Category 18883:Abkhazia 18833:Thailand 18788:Pakistan 18768:Mongolia 18763:Maldives 18758:Malaysia 18658:Cambodia 18565:Salawati 18438:Amanuban 18433:Amanatun 18334:Sulawesi 18284:Bulungan 18166:Sanfotsi 18001:Kalingga 17991:Janggala 17902:Archived 17221:8 August 16983:20070359 16783:Archipel 16735:Pandanus 15974:(2013). 15863:Archived 15730:15 March 15707:27863183 15193:Archipel 14958:(1967). 14686:15 March 14677:Archived 14464:tirto.id 14273:Tirto.id 14160:tirto.id 14000:(1968). 13847:Archived 13531:(1896). 13504:(1979). 13183:ABC-CLIO 13063:ngrampog 12968:Javanese 12960:Balinese 12936:Mataram. 12838:cited in 12801:Sanskrit 12691:See also 12611:, where 12548:admiral. 12546:Malaccan 12354:fl. 1478 11951:wardhana 11751:wardhana 10892:Trowulan 10870:Trowulan 10855:Trowulan 10826:Trowulan 10811:Trowulan 10796:Trowulan 10777:(1409). 10768:(1398). 10760:Trowulan 10742:(1357). 10735:Trowulan 10705:Trowulan 10680:Trowulan 10654:sent by 10646:Trowulan 10628:Capital 10625:Monarch 10418:Balinese 10406:Wirasaba 10343:Sutasoma 10198:ketoprak 10155:Javanese 10098:Denpasar 9987:Military 9972:Economic 9955:By topic 8987:ISA 1960 8235:449–1454 8013:Malaysia 8002:a series 8000:Part of 7977:Zheng He 7957:Ashikaga 7868:Pamalayu 7855:Javanese 7789:, Pegu ( 7759:and the 7749:Americas 7707:Tasmania 7674:penjajap 7670:lancaran 7666:tongkang 7658:jongkong 7635:Java Sea 7403:schioppi 7356:Javanese 7342:pole gun 7017:Makassar 6985:Chariots 6976:prajurit 6963:Pamalayu 6897:Military 6841:(now in 6813:Ponorogo 6754:Surabaya 6750:Janggala 6739:Jagaraga 6676:Cambodia 6660:Martaban 6586:, today 6536:Makassar 6520:Bantayan 6476:Taliwang 6464:Lo Gajah 6460:Badahulu 6439:, where 6413:Kelantan 6393:Tabalung 6381:Seludong 6346:Katingan 6208:Sulawesi 6154:island, 6112:Trowulan 5977:Kabalan 5901:Matahun 5880:Wengker 5872:Ponorogo 5859:Tumapel 5809:Sidoarjo 5807:, today 5805:Janggala 5613:Ponorogo 5559:Sidoarjo 5557:, today 5555:Janggala 5395:Shivaist 5175:Martaban 5167:Cambodia 5159:Đại Việt 5151:Surabaya 5111:celengan 5102:currency 5097:Sidoarjo 5072:Trowulan 5030:lanzones 4941:pepper, 4927:diamonds 4901:Also in 4869:pyramids 4682:andesite 4514:Javanese 4510:celengan 4498:Trowulan 4314:kakawins 4295:Sutasoma 4246:Javanese 4230:mahāresi 4206:brahmana 4191:Sutasoma 4187:ascetics 4156:Harihara 4129:Sutasoma 4110:Buddhism 4106:Hinduism 4088:Shaivism 4084:Buddhism 4027:• 3852:a series 3850:Part of 3843:Religion 3827:harriers 3638:elephant 3618:Chang-ku 3614:Surabaya 3574:Zheng He 3517:silkroad 3501:Calcutta 3442:ramparts 3406:Trowulan 3386:autonomy 3365:Trowulan 3325:Pasuruan 3136:Kelantan 3132:Kelantan 3089:Semarang 3015:Zheng He 2975:and the 2875:Cambodia 2784:and the 2607:Mindanao 2591:Sulawesi 2538:Tawalisi 2450:regicide 2419:and his 2353:Sumatran 2313:Harihara 2146:Zheng He 2103:Ken Arok 2074:) is an 1991:Trowulan 1973:Sanskrit 1924:Trowulan 1889:Sanskrit 1860:Javanese 1856:Mojopait 1810:Thailand 1802:Malaysia 1742:Buddhist 1735:Javanese 1718:Javanese 1681:Javanese 1608:Military 1586:Hinduism 1576:Buddhism 1571:Religion 1551:Currency 1534:By topic 754:350–1605 682:Java Man 653:Timeline 625:a series 623:Part of 570:Thailand 560:Malaysia 464:Currency 324:Tumapel) 291:Viśeṣa, 241:Gitārjā) 186:Maharaja 179:Maharaja 151:karesyan 142:Buddhism 136:Shaivism 132:Hinduism 118:Sanskrit 96:Trowulan 35:Javanese 21258:Zrinski 21236:Croatia 21198:England 21188:Britain 21177:Navarre 21172:Castile 21139:Severan 21103:Imereti 21098:Kakheti 21071:Georgia 20985:Hungary 20965:Germany 20958:Bourbon 20943:Denmark 20928:Bohemia 20923:Belgium 20729:Ancient 20706:Ottoman 20685:Pahlavi 20675:Safavid 20634:Vietnam 20622:Timurid 20587:Göktürk 20413:largest 20408:Empires 20388:Swedish 20383:Spanish 20378:Russian 20341:Italian 20316:Chinese 20304:English 20299:British 20294:Belgian 20269:Vietnam 20259:Tay son 20205:Tsarist 20200:Russian 20195:Ottoman 20161:Dzungar 20156:Khoshut 20129:Mexican 20124:Maratha 20107:Pahlavi 20087:Safavid 20082:Iranian 20009:Haitian 19972:Chinese 19932:Ashanti 19904:Wagadou 19830:Eastern 19825:Western 19808:Timurid 19768:Tibetan 19758:Songhai 19748:Serbian 19669:Almohad 19659:Idrisid 19563:Samanid 19553:Tahirid 19548:Iranian 19526:Kannauj 19506:Genoese 19442:Chinese 19435:Eastern 19430:Western 19418:Fatimid 19413:Abbasid 19408:Umayyad 19381:Burmese 19341:Ayyubid 19336:Angevin 19306:Xianbei 19294:Eastern 19289:Western 19235:Magadha 19198:Iranian 19191:Xiongnu 19176:Hittite 19085:Chinese 19073:Kassite 19022:Ancient 19014:Empires 18858:Vietnam 18773:Myanmar 18753:Lebanon 18683:Georgia 18638:Bahrain 18628:Armenia 18560:Kaimana 18537:Jailolo 18527:Ternate 18481:Huamual 18476:Honimoa 18443:Amarasi 18367:Banggai 18319:Sarawak 18247:Serdang 18222:Malacca 18217:Langkat 18180:Islamic 18141:Kantoli 18121:Sumatra 18087:Mataram 18072:Cirebon 18060:Islamic 18026:Sanjaya 18016:Mataram 17651:YouTube 17474:30 July 17195:11 June 14888:8 April 14693:Alt URL 14309:kelulus 14166:29 July 13863:Alt URL 13718:2050416 13666:8 April 12847:Mainly 12827:hikayat 12680:YouTube 12646:On the 12181:Sri Adi 11749:Wikrama 11162:Gayatri 10979:Kingdom 10960:Kingdom 10561:Suharto 10502:riding 10484:Mataram 10441:Sukarno 10394:Mataram 10331:history 10315:pendopo 10288:Cirebon 10276:pendopo 10235:pendopo 10230:gamelan 10034:Sarawak 9341:present 9288:present 9175:present 9167:Spratly 8892:Sarawak 8391:present 8368:present 8305:present 8282:present 8211:Pan Pan 7975:led by 7942:Malacca 7926:Tumasik 7831:Tumasik 7807:Khambat 7803:Malabar 7799:Pulicat 7765:Chinese 7757:Red Sea 7730:magnets 7662:cerucuh 7650:kelulus 7395:rentaka 7376:Fei Xin 7360:Islamic 7250:Nganjuk 7246:cuirass 7226:Jiaozhi 7101:cetbang 7063:cetbang 6851:Malacca 6839:Siantan 6821:(today 6811:(today 6809:Wengker 6799:Tumapel 6781:(today 6771:(today 6769:Matahun 6742:Kabalan 6680:kachaya 6668:Rajpuri 6637:mandala 6615:mandala 6552:Selayar 6544:Banggai 6437:Temasek 6373:Sarawak 6331:Lampung 6265:), and 6243:Sumatra 6184:Sumatra 6176:Lampung 6052:Keling 6046:Keling 6035:Pajang 6025:(today 5792:Rulers 5789:Titles 5757:(today 5755:Mataram 5749:sister 5736:(today 5728:cousin 5606:father 5542:Rulers 5539:Titles 5084:Jakarta 5026:langsat 5010:manggis 4990:coconut 4986:bananas 4963:peacock 4951:turtles 4935:incense 4915:lentils 4883:Economy 4451:Kamasan 4318:Rakawis 4254:kakawin 4214:Mandala 3836:jennets 3762:gamelan 3582:Chao-Wa 3578:Ma Huan 3546:nutmegs 3513:Nicobar 3477:Sumatra 3463:Italian 3438:kampung 3377:tribute 3359:Culture 3353:Tengger 3071:Ma Huan 3013:led by 3009:armada 2979:led by 2971:led by 2939:Tumasik 2901:Decline 2841:cetbang 2782:Sumatra 2770:mandala 2716:suicide 2712:consort 2710:as his 2643:kelulus 2619:Visayas 2579:Sumatra 2481:Parvati 2341:Kartika 2293:monsoon 2264:Adipati 2217:of the 2188:History 2172:chao-wa 2154:Ma Huan 2001:of the 1968:maṇḍala 1912: 1900:: 1786:Sumatra 1596:Judaism 1556:Economy 1521:Bandung 1506:Jakarta 1498:Regions 1336:British 1316:Spanish 770:Kantoli 727:400 BCE 447:• 424:History 403:• 385:• 289:bhaṭāra 266:Tetep, 260:bhaṭāra 163:Animism 92:Capital 21167:Aragon 21093:Kartli 21078:Iberia 21057:Sweden 21052:Sicily 21047:Serbia 21042:Russia 21032:Poland 21022:Norway 21000:Naples 20995:Monaco 20990:Medici 20970:Greece 20948:France 20918:Balšić 20906:Europe 20812:Perlis 20802:Pahang 20751:Middle 20694:Turkey 20560:Busaid 20550:Brunei 20522:Mexico 20351:Mongol 20336:German 20331:French 20321:Danish 20264:Dainam 20239:Tongan 20227:Somali 20222:Sokoto 20188:'Alawi 20166:Kalmyk 20146:Mongol 20139:Second 20119:Korean 20070:Mughal 20060:Indian 20043:German 20036:Second 20026:French 20019:Second 19955:Second 19927:Afghan 19919:Modern 19845:Kyrgyz 19840:Uighur 19835:Second 19815:Turkic 19783:Toltec 19719:Epirus 19704:Nicaea 19627:Mongol 19580:Yamato 19516:Huetar 19374:Second 19311:Rouran 19260:Shunga 19255:Maurya 19230:Kushan 19203:Median 19181:Hunnic 19139:Harsha 18903:Taiwan 18838:Turkey 18803:Russia 18738:Kuwait 18718:Jordan 18708:Israel 18668:Cyprus 18653:Brunei 18648:Bhutan 18532:Tidore 18493:Loloda 18463:Maluku 18453:Wehali 18448:Sonbai 18405:Mengwi 18314:Sambas 18279:Brunei 18274:Banjar 18197:Asahan 18156:Pannai 18146:Malayu 18092:Pajang 18067:Banten 18021:Rajasa 18006:Kediri 17986:Ishana 17871: 17835: 17816: 17797: 17778: 17759: 17731: 17694: 17676: 17566: 17314: 17287: 17153: 17029:: 16989: 16981: 16926: 16830: 16807: 16799: 16760: 16712: 16657: 16605: 16515: 16341: 16219: 16194: 16119: 16025: 15982: 15915: 15826: 15783: 15705: 15697: 15654: 15504: 15474: 15370: 15324: 15267: 15098: 15085:: 15016: 14968: 14879: 14806: 14669: 14626: 14581: 14523: 14498: 14421: 14413: 14233: 14134: 14080: 14070: 14010: 13927: 13899: 13800: 13724: 13716: 13592: 13561:27 May 13411: 13281: 13199: 13189: 13101:kemeja 13089:Kawaca 13059:rampog 13055:Rampuk 12964:sarong 12609:(2013) 12498:Muslim 12460:satire 12456:Kompas 11947:Wijaya 10790:Suhita 10622:Reign 10541:Palapa 10530:Palapa 10504:Garuda 10500:Vishnu 10476:Garuda 10457:poem " 10392:, and 10390:Pajang 10244:Kraton 10211:อิเหนา 10202:topeng 10194:wayang 10167:Brunei 10153:and a 10145:, the 10017:Penang 8878:Borneo 8819:Syburi 8747:Borneo 8627:Borneo 8178:Chi Tu 8140: 8129: 8118: 8094: 8070: 8054: 8004:on the 7992:Legacy 7961:Ryukyu 7938:Brunei 7795:Bengal 7664:, and 7654:pelang 7608:Kidung 7329:mantri 7298:kawaca 7292:sarung 7283:, 1343 7162:kopiah 7109:prangi 7028:lands. 6779:Pajang 6759:Keling 6734:Kediri 6710:empire 6664:Mergui 6645:Angkor 6548:Galiao 6532:Talaud 6528:Sangir 6516:Lombok 6506:, and 6496:Sheran 6482:) and 6447:) and 6433:Dungun 6405:Pahang 6395:, and 6389:Barito 6377:Brunei 6358:Sambas 6350:Sampit 6343:Kapuas 6339:Borneo 6333:, and 6327:Bintan 6323:Lamuri 6321:) and 6313:) and 6301:) and 6283:Kampar 6228:Agusan 6212:Maluku 6200:Borneo 6156:Madura 6041:niece 6023:Pajang 5945:niece 5830:Kediri 5734:Pajang 5710:niece 5667:Serayu 5577:Kediri 5477:wiyasa 5455:Nagara 5324:caning 5282:murder 5163:Champa 5138:Maluku 5106:kepeng 4975:horses 4967:monkey 4955:parrot 4939:puyang 4911:sesame 4776:Kediri 4763:Jabung 4733:Jabung 4690:bricks 4526:suffix 4522:celeng 4472:Suhita 4443:wayang 4407:lontar 4402:kajang 4297:, and 4287:Rakawi 4263:Kadiri 4210:ashram 4144:Vishnu 4090:, and 3996:Candis 3806:wayang 3789:Larung 3778:arrack 3758:bamboo 3658:apsara 3630:belati 3606:Gresik 3590:Tu-pan 3542:cubebs 3533:Mongol 3507:, and 3505:Madras 3497:Persia 3483:, and 3369:Caitra 3331:, and 3128:Suhita 3117:Suhita 3099:, and 3073:wrote 3019:Muslim 2895:kraton 2886:Muslim 2871:Champa 2805:Malayu 2778:Maluku 2689:Banjar 2684:Tambak 2599:Maluku 2587:Borneo 2581:, the 2512:empire 2355:Malay 2325:Blitar 2321:Vishnu 2268:Kediri 2262:, the 2215:Khagan 2213:, the 2197:After 2079:eulogy 1926:(e.g. 1806:Brunei 627:on the 565:Brunei 473:Kepeng 427: 306:Suhitā 268:dalang 190: 21253:Šubić 21220:Wales 21155:Spain 21112:Roman 20840:Egypt 20807:Perak 20787:Kedah 20782:Johor 20746:Early 20722:China 20680:Qajar 20627:Lanna 20602:Korea 20592:Japan 20555:Burma 20527:Aztec 20401:Lists 20356:Omani 20326:Dutch 20232:Isaaq 20183:Saadi 20151:Oirat 20134:First 20102:Qajar 20031:First 20014:First 19987:China 19960:Third 19820:First 19773:Tikal 19724:Morea 19694:Roman 19612:Latin 19607:Khmer 19602:Kanem 19568:Buyid 19494:Zagwe 19489:Aksum 19479:Chola 19386:First 19369:First 19356:Bornu 19351:Benin 19346:Aztec 19284:Roman 19265:Gupta 19250:Nanda 19186:White 18944:Macau 18863:Yemen 18823:Syria 18798:Qatar 18778:Nepal 18713:Japan 18688:India 18678:Egypt 18663:China 18552:Papua 18542:Bacan 18522:] 18505:] 18488:] 18428:Amabi 18352:Buton 18289:Kutai 18212:Johor 18207:Jambi 18151:Mauli 18077:Demak 18046:Sunda 17981:Galuh 16987:S2CID 16979:JSTOR 16924:S2CID 16805:S2CID 16237:dadap 16192:S2CID 15961:, 1). 15754:(pdf) 15703:JSTOR 14857:p. 86 14680:(PDF) 14663:(PDF) 14419:S2CID 14187:Sindo 13850:(PDF) 13839:(PDF) 13722:S2CID 13714:JSTOR 13334:4 May 13328:(PDF) 13321:(PDF) 13093:shirt 13045:, see 13043:sodok 13030:Dadap 13026:Dadap 12975:batik 12970:wore 12912:= 1). 12908:= 4, 12906:kerta 12904:= 0, 12902:ilang 12900:= 0, 12898:sirna 12776:Notes 12744:Osing 12506:Demak 12502:Islam 10492:Sukuh 10429:Monas 10386:Demak 10370:keris 10029:Sabah 10007:Kedah 9982:Legal 9339:2022– 9286:2015– 9173:1980– 8389:1766– 8366:1528– 8303:1368– 8280:1136– 8255:1300s 7922:Pasai 7851:Malay 7769:Gores 7739:When 7631:Sunda 7364:Arabs 7309:rukuh 7224:This 7175:sodok 7171:dadap 7129:nails 7127:, or 7117:balai 7013:Bugis 6873:Demak 6865:Jambi 6695:Gauḍa 6656:Ligor 6596:Timor 6572:Ambon 6568:Banda 6560:Solot 6556:Sumba 6550:with 6540:Buton 6522:with 6512:Sasak 6484:Dompo 6472:Sukun 6449:Kedah 6421:Johor 6365:Landa 6335:Barus 6299:Medan 6279:Rokan 6247:Jambi 6148:Bhres 5844:wife 5838:Daha 5497:thani 5493:Wanua 5487:lurah 5473:Watek 5463:natha 5459:rajya 5448:Bhumi 5410:Bhres 5307:debts 5278:crime 5046:peach 5042:chang 5002:lotus 4979:ducks 4971:goats 4947:steel 4919:wheat 4857:Cetho 4853:Sukuh 4841:Cetho 4750:candi 4745:brick 4597:sirap 4592:chang 4586:chang 4394:So-li 4342:canto 4338:pupuh 4148:Durga 4140:Shiva 4100:Islam 3808:bébér 3774:areca 3731:betel 3716:ivory 3712:rhino 3696:Gold 3594:Tuban 3495:into 3489:Padua 3341:Hindu 3283:Demak 3268:Demak 3211:Demak 3101:Ampel 3097:Tuban 3093:Demak 3084:Islam 3052:Jambi 2615:Luzon 2401:nagas 2393:Surya 2317:Shiva 2307:King 2288:pahit 2276:Tarik 1738:Hindu 1618:Women 1613:Sport 1591:Islam 1516:Bogor 449:Demak 293:raden 264:raden 209:raden 157:Islam 98:(now 20890:26th 20885:25th 20875:19th 20870:18th 20865:12th 20860:11th 20756:Late 20648:Iran 20543:Asia 20171:Bogd 20097:Zand 20075:Sikh 19982:Qing 19977:Ming 19909:Wari 19877:Tran 19862:Dinh 19632:Yuan 19622:Mali 19531:Pala 19521:Inca 19472:Yuan 19462:Song 19457:Liao 19452:Tang 19225:Kush 19107:Dʿmt 18783:Oman 18748:Laos 18703:Iraq 18698:Iran 18395:Bima 18390:Bali 18372:Suai 18362:Wajo 18357:Luwu 18347:Bone 18342:Gowa 18252:Siak 18202:Deli 18187:Aceh 17961:Java 17869:ISBN 17857:2012 17833:ISBN 17814:ISBN 17795:ISBN 17776:ISBN 17757:ISBN 17729:ISBN 17692:ISBN 17674:ISBN 17596:2020 17564:ISBN 17533:2010 17507:2016 17476:2014 17445:2011 17419:2018 17312:ISBN 17285:ISBN 17223:2021 17197:2020 17151:ISSN 17062:2020 16828:ISBN 16797:ISSN 16758:ISBN 16710:ISBN 16655:ISBN 16603:ISBN 16513:ISBN 16422:2019 16339:ISBN 16217:ISBN 16117:ISBN 16023:ISBN 15980:ISBN 15913:ISBN 15824:ISBN 15781:ISBN 15762:2014 15732:2020 15695:ISSN 15652:ISBN 15631:2022 15502:ISBN 15472:ISBN 15438:2023 15412:2023 15368:ISBN 15322:ISBN 15296:2022 15265:ISSN 15096:ISBN 15014:ISBN 14966:ISBN 14942:2022 14890:2022 14877:ISBN 14819:itu. 14804:ISBN 14688:2020 14667:ISBN 14624:ISBN 14579:ISBN 14521:ISBN 14496:ISBN 14472:2022 14430:2022 14411:ISSN 14362:2022 14337:2022 14231:ISBN 14168:2019 14132:ISBN 14089:2023 14078:OCLC 14068:ISBN 14008:ISBN 13925:ISBN 13897:ISBN 13858:2015 13798:ISBN 13668:2022 13642:2015 13590:ISBN 13563:2015 13444:2015 13409:ISBN 13336:2015 13279:ISBN 13238:2022 13213:2014 13197:OCLC 13187:ISBN 13061:and 12972:kain 12910:bumi 12769:Bali 12641:jong 12556:, a 12544:, a 12462:and 12347:Dyah 11359:dewi 10874:Daha 10713:Bali 10443:and 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