458:: those in the conductor form concentric circles round the conductor; those in the externally applied magnetic field run in parallel lines. If those on one side of the conductor are running (from the north to south magnetic pole) in the opposite direction to those surrounding the conductor, they will be deflected so that they pass on the other side the conductor (because magnetic lines of force cannot cross or run contrary to each other). Consequently, there will be a large number of magnetic field lines in a small space on that side of the conductor, and a dearth of them on the original side of the conductor. Since the magnetic field lines of force are no longer straight lines, but curved to run around the electrical conductor, they are under tension (like stretched elastic bands), with energy bound up in the magnetic field. Since this energetic field is now mostly unopposed, its build-up or expulsion in one direction creates — in a manner analogous to
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462:— a force in the opposite direction. Since there is only one moveable object in this system (the electrical conductor) for this force to work upon, the net effect is a physical force working to expel the electrical conductor out of the externally applied magnetic field in the direction opposite to that which the magnetic flux is being redirected to — in this case (motors), if the conductor is carrying conventional current
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444:, as depicted in the illustration, with the thumb showing the direction of the conventional current, and the fingers showing the direction of the magnetic field. The existence of this magnetic field can be confirmed by placing magnetic compasses at various points round the periphery of an electrical conductor that is carrying a relatively large electric current.
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When current flows through a conducting wire, and an external magnetic field is applied across that flow, the conducting wire experiences a force perpendicular both to that field and to the direction of the current flow (i.e. they are mutually perpendicular). A left hand can be held, as shown in the
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Of course, if the mnemonic is taught (and remembered) with a different arrangement of the parameters to the fingers, it could end up as a mnemonic that also reverses the roles of the two hands (instead of the standard left hand for motors, right hand for generators). These variants are catalogued
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In an electric motor, the electric current and magnetic field exist (which are the causes), and they lead to the force that creates the motion (which is the effect), and so the left-hand rule is used. In an electric generator, the motion and magnetic field exist (causes), and they lead to the
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This approach to remembering which finger represents which quantity uses some actions. First of all you need to point your fingers like a pretend gun, with the index finger acting as the barrel of the gun and the thumb acting as the hammer. Then go through the following actions:
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illustration, so as to represent three mutually orthogonal axes on the thumb, fore finger and middle finger. Each finger is then assigned to a quantity (mechanical force, magnetic field and electric current). The right and left hand are used for generators and motors respectively
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in an electric motor. (The electric motor is then constructed so that the expulsion of the conductor out of the magnetic field causes it be placed inside the next magnetic field, and for this switching to be continued indefinitely.)
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To illustrate why, consider that many types of electric motors can also be used as electric generators. A vehicle powered by such a motor can be accelerated up to high speed by connecting the motor to a fully charged
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378:(the generator current must oppose the motor current, and the stronger current outweighs the other to allow the energy to flow from the more energetic source to the less energetic source).
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If an external magnetic field is applied horizontally, so that it crosses the flow of electrons (in the wire conductor, or in the electron beam), the two magnetic fields will interact.
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This uses the conventional symbolic parameters of F (for ), B (for ) and I (for ), and attributing them in that order (FBI) respectively to the thumb, first finger and second finger.
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Earth rotation is based on flemings left hand rule. Here solar cosmic rays forms electric current or charge carriers and earth magnetic field forms stator coil magnetic field.
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436:. That is, if the conventional current is flowing away from the viewer, the magnetic field runs clockwise round the conductor, in the same direction that a
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589:"Fleming's left-hand rule – Higher - Magnetic effects of currents and the motor effect - Eduqas - GCSE Physics (Single Science) Revision - Eduqas"
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The thumb shows the direction of motion and the index finger shows the field lines and the middle finger shows the direction of induced current.
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would have to turn in order to move away from the viewer. The direction of the induced magnetic field is also sometimes remembered by the
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Different hands need to be used for motors and generators because of the differences between cause and effect.
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in a conductor is directly proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic flux in the conductor.
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creation of the electric current (effect), and so the right-hand rule is used.
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The direction of the electric current is that of : from positive to negative.
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introduced a visual analogy for this, in the form of imaginary magnetic
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the viewer, the physical force will work to push the conductor to the
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The Thumb represents the direction of the Motion of the
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The direction of the induced magnetic field can be remembered by
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Finally you display your middle finger as you "kill the current"
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The Fore finger represents the direction of the magnetic Field.
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The Centre finger represents the direction of the
Current.
312:"Feel the force" of the gun recoil up through your thumb
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551:"Fleming's Left And Right Hand Thumb Rules Explained"
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Distinction between the right-hand and left-hand rule
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irst finger represents the direction of the magnetic
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425:that wraps round the conductor (as discovered by
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281:The first finger is the magnetic flux density, B
538:. London: E.& F. N. Spon. pp. 173–174.
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573:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
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535:Magnets and Electric Currents, 2nd Edition
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110:November 2011
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