39:
261:
1119:
31:
471:
1072:
976:
451:
460:
480:
272:, during the Colonial Period (1607–1699), arrangements were made used gathered wildflowers, grasses, and seed pods. These arrangements reflected a simplistic lifestyle with few luxuries; a reflection of the first colonists to arrive there. American arrangements then evolved from numerous influences, primarily European. As such, American pieces began to reflect the sophistication, symmetry, and shapes of European design ideals of the time.
919:
323:: contains physical balance and visual balance. Physical balance is the distribution of materials and weight across the arrangement; the arrangement should be stable and not at risk of falling over. Visual balance is the poise an arrangement contains upon first glance. There are three types of visual balance: symmetrical, asymmetrical, and open.
972:
floral design courses teach techniques to arrange flowers, plant identification, foliage and flower care for both fresh and preserved media, retail floral shop practices, and how to place and receive flower orders. Most of these programs reward students with certificates or degrees in floral design, shop management, or artisanship.
900:, leaves, leaf skeletons, and other preserved materials are common extensions of the art and media of floral design. They are of practical importance in that they last indefinitely and are independent of the seasons. Their materials offer effects and associations complementary to, and contrasting with, fresh flowers and foliage.
956:. Pot tape is used to create a grid pattern in vases, which helps keeps flowers and foliage in place. Pot tape can also be used to secure floral foam to a container. Cold glue is used to secure fresh, living flowers together or in place for an arrangement. Hot glue is used to glue non-living media in place or together.
248:. Arrangements were often light and airy, and stressed the individual beauty of each flower itself, rather than the entire arrangement. Pieces were semi-ovoid, soft and airy, had a feminine design, were symmetrical, and had no focal point. They accentuated rhythm with curves, lines, and flourishes of plant material.
1079:
Floral shops are business establishments that create and sell floral designs. Floral shops often have a vast variety of flowers and foliage to use in creating arrangements, which can be custom ordered or pre-designed. Floral shops usually receive a majority of their business on the following holidays
121:
The
Eastern, Western, and European styles have all influenced the commercial floral design industry as it is today. Western design historically is characterized by symmetrical, asymmetrical, horizontal, and vertical style of arrangements. The history of flower arrangement first dates back to Ancient
939:
is a piece of dense foam that holds moisture and keeps flowers in place. Most floral foam has a specific container that can hold the foam without anything more than placing it into the container. However, floral foam can be cut into any shape, and therefore placed in any container. In recent years,
971:
With the ever-growing interest in the natural world and flowers, the floral industry continues to grow. The increase in educational institutes providing training in floral design has expanded to many state universities, certified design schools, and even high schools worldwide. Schools that teach
514:
are tall spikes of flowers that bloom along the stem of the plant. They create the outline for an arrangement and determine the height and width of the design. They can be straight, or naturally curving. Most line flowers have larger flowers at the bottom of the stem, that gradually become smaller
367:: provides the shape and structure for the design. Line also creates paths for the viewer's eye to follow when viewing the arrangement. Lines can defined (clearly visible) or implied (suggested by changes in color, tone, and texture). Line helps build the dimensions and overall shape of the design.
626:
It is worth noting that just because a flower is defined in one category, that does not exclude it from other categories. For example, chrysthanthemums can be considered both a mass flower or a filler flower, depending on the size and variety of the bloom. Anthuriums and orchids can be considered
351:
It is important to keep in mind that not every arrangement will use all seven principles of design. For example, French
Baroque and Rococo style arrangements do not include a focal point. Rococo designs also disregarded proportion; they were to be much taller than they were wide. Some traditional
285:
designs in modern floral arrangement. Other modern designers, however, did not feel inspired or drawn to abstract designs. As such, these designers began to create new design styles. Today's floral arrangements are born out of these two factors. Modern arrangements range from zero abstraction, in
280:
In the mid 20th century, flower arranging and floral design came to be seen as an art form. While modern floral designers and arrangers are still inspired by the naturalistic, 19th century designs, modern designers tend to want to break free from the rigid patterns and restrictions of past period
943:
Cutting tools, such as floral knives, floral shears, pruners, and ribbon scissors can be used to cut a variety of materials in floral design. Knives can be used to cut flowers or floral foam. Shears and pruners can also be used to trim and cut foliage and flowers. Ribbon scissors are used to cut
576:
consist of a single stem with one solid, rounded head at the top of the stem. They add mass and visual weight to an arrangement. Mass flowers are often inserted near the rim of the container to draw attention to the focal point, or to serve as the focal point themselves. Mass flowers are often
289:
Today, there are many styles of floral design including the
Botanical Style, the Garden Style (Hand Tied, Compote or Armature), the Crescent Corsage, the Nosegay Corsage, Pot au Fleur, the Inverted "T", Parallel Systems, Western Line, the Hedgerow Design, Mille de Fleur, and Formal Linear.
758:
also have unique textures, patterns, or colors that allow them to shine through and stand out in an arrangement. Form foliage are often used to achieve the element of space. They also are used to drag the viewer's eye to the focal point. Form foliages include seeded
1160:(AIFD), the Society of American Florists (SAF), and the National Association of Flower Arranging Societies (NAFAS). In the United States, there are also numerous floriculture and floral design organizations for nearly all of the 50 states in the country. These
613:
are composed of small "sprays" of flowers. Filler flowers are used, as the name suggests, to fill in empty spaces among mass flowers and the framework of the design. Filler flowers also add further dimension to the arrangement. Examples of filler flowers are
441:
Flowers used in floral design are often broke into four categories: line flowers, form flowers, mass flowers, and filler flowers. Each category serves its own purpose in achieving an element or principle of design. The four categories are listed as follows:
959:
Wire is used in floral design for a variety of purposes. It can be used to secure ribbons in place, fix broken stems, or provide strength to weak or flimsy material. Wire comes in different gauges, or sizes, which are used for different applications.
940:
there has been controversy over the environmental impact of floral foam, as well as the potential negative health effects from inhaling the powder created from unsoaked foam. Nevertheless, floral foam is still an essential tool in floral design.
729:
are effective for repeating and complimenting lines established by the line flowers. This creates repetition and unity within the arrangement. Much like line flowers, they can also be straight or curved. Examples of line foliage include
832:
Another similarity shared in the categorization of foliage in the same way as flowers is that a certain type of foliage may be included in more than one category. Leatherleaf fern can be considered a mass foliage or a line foliage, and
947:
Adhesive tools include floral tape, pot tape, floral adhesive (also known as cold glue), and hot glue. Floral tape is most often used to secure flowers together or to cover the mechanics of an arrangement, especially when creating a
551:
are flowers that have interesting colors, textures, and/or patterns that draw attention and stand out among the other pieces in the arrangement. They are most often used as the focal point of the arrangement. Form flowers include
251:
English design drew from the vast variety of plant materials that were available in estates and the countryside. Most arrangements during the various periods were formal pieces, generally triangular in shape, and symmetrical.
577:
considered the "star of the show" in an arrangement. Oftentimes, more than one type of mass flower is used to create variety and to avoid monotony, or, to otherwise make the arrangement less boring. Mass flowers include
335:: the visual flow of the arrangement. This element should encourage the viewer's gaze to move inward, outward, up, and down while looking at the arrangement. Achieved through colors, shapes, lines, textures, and spaces.
787:
have the same purpose as mass flowers: to add mass and visual weight to the arrangement. However, they are also effective in filling empty space not occupied by flowers and hiding the mechanics of the design (e.g.,
1761:
407:: the different textures used in an arrangement. Texture gives the arrangement diversity and interest. Texture is one way a floral designer can achieve rhythm. Textures can be smooth, wrinkled, rough, glossy, etc.
303:
When creating flower arrangements, there are generally seven principles that floral designers must incorporate into their arrangement to create a flattering and appealing piece. These seven principles include:
1564:
926:
To create an arrangement, a floral designer has to use a multitude of tools. In general, the most common tools are floral tape, pot tape, glue, flower frogs, cutting tools, floral foam, containers, and wire.
1044:
987:
Floral design course are typically cheaper than most higher education programs, and can cost anywhere from US$ 125 to over US$ 25,000. Most courses take around six to eighteen months to complete.
1014:
1049:
994:
57:
is the art of using plant material and flowers to create an eye-catching and balanced composition or display. Evidence of refined floral design is found as far back as the culture of
1039:
933:
and other containers are used to hold the arrangement. They often lend to the final look of a piece, and come in a variety of shapes and sizes to suit numerous types of projects.
812:
are used as accents to create harmony and unity. Depending on the texture of the filler foliage, there can be different effects on the feel of the arrangements. Fillers like
401:: the spacing of flowers, foliage, and other materials. Space ensures every flower is visible, and that the design is not too clumpy, constricted, spaced out, or empty.
1034:
515:
the closer they are located to the end of the spike. This creates rhythm in the design, as the eye naturally follows the progression. Examples of line flowers include
2650:
722:
Much like flowers, foliage can also be divided into the same four categories. Usually, they are meant to accent what is being done by their flower counterparts.
1100:, Easter, weddings and funerals. Floral shops also include the other aspects of floristry, including marketing, buying and selling of flowers, production, etc.
360:
In addition to the seven principles, there are also five elements of design a designer must keep in mind when arranging flowers. These five elements include:
963:
Flower frogs are devices that keep flowers upright. They usually have holes to place the flowers into, or spikes to "spear" the cut end of the flower into.
1587:
1201:
873:
845:
841:
207:
symbolism. The arrangements of the
Chinese and Koreans often use containers of varying height and shape, and use natural elements, such as rocks.
1810:
3331:
76:
to the design and creation of arrangements. It does not include the marketing, merchandising, caring of, growing of, or delivery of flowers.
38:
213:
is the
Japanese style of floral design, and incorporates the three main line placements that correspond with heaven, humans, and the earth.
395:: the height, width, and depth of the arrangement. Form also helps build the dimensions and overall shape of the design, much like Line.
793:
286:
which pieces and components are untreated and organized naturally, to total abstraction, which totally disregards patterns and rules.
1713:
3400:
352:
designs disregarded space (and therefore a part of rhythm). Modern abstract designers may disregard the seven principles entirely.
1024:
1442:
1157:
1019:
3405:
2186:
1085:
1792:
979:
Collection of arrangements created by a high school floral design student. This photo shows two round arrangements and a
3349:
2144:
311:: the relationship between the sizes of elements used to create the design (e.g., flowers, foliage, vase, accessories).
17:
1648:
3359:
1315:
1233:
1588:
https://www.ecisd.net/site/handlers/filedownload.ashx?moduleinstanceid=7707&dataid=11229&FileName=8943-A.pdf
3590:
3209:
1883:
233:
and combined fresh and dried material, as well as fruits and vegetables. These arrangements were often triangular,
1676:
1600:
3354:
2712:
1698:
1009:
3425:
2978:
2501:
2078:
2068:
1255:
116:
3231:
3214:
2936:
2776:
2211:
2127:
2100:
1778:
1029:
2528:
2090:
3723:
3595:
3457:
3369:
2739:
2278:
1806:
1590:, FORMS AND FUNCTIONS OF FLOWERS AND FOLIAGES USED IN FLORAL DESIGNS, Instructional Materials Service.
1538:
3777:
3552:
3221:
2836:
2831:
2761:
2506:
2491:
2302:
2218:
1370:
186:
260:
3557:
3314:
3226:
2988:
2702:
2675:
2605:
2466:
2322:
2233:
2107:
1662:
3709:
3522:
3487:
3415:
3374:
3326:
3184:
3003:
2961:
2926:
2906:
2670:
1625:
3737:
3042:
2911:
2876:
2327:
2228:
2201:
2139:
497:
1118:
990:
The following list is composed of schools and organizations that offer floral design courses:
3507:
3390:
3204:
3010:
2983:
2973:
2941:
2931:
2896:
2811:
2756:
2751:
2734:
2680:
2518:
2471:
2332:
2196:
2117:
1973:
1825:
1492:
1161:
999:
817:
30:
3677:
3532:
3492:
3246:
3199:
3020:
2968:
2891:
2881:
2781:
2744:
2724:
2655:
2645:
2053:
2043:
2000:
1978:
1933:
1876:
1275:
386:
88:
470:
317:: the relationship between the overall size of the design and the setting it is placed in.
8:
3472:
3395:
3304:
3189:
3037:
3015:
2921:
2901:
2766:
2625:
2610:
2523:
2290:
2243:
2024:
1717:
1169:
1145:
1004:
893:
849:
975:
3772:
3585:
3537:
3512:
2951:
2786:
2771:
2630:
2446:
2317:
2263:
1995:
1209:
1081:
853:
813:
347:: everything is placed with purpose; achieved when the other 6 principles are in order.
329:: the main feature of the design and/or the first thing that attracts the viewer's eye.
1071:
3692:
3662:
3467:
3420:
3276:
3266:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3047:
2886:
2871:
2826:
2816:
2801:
2796:
2729:
2665:
2660:
2563:
2398:
2295:
2273:
2223:
2181:
2171:
2085:
1963:
1903:
1250:
1165:
1066:
489:
341:: the pleasing combination of colors, material, and texture used in the arrangement.
3667:
3632:
3607:
3320:
3294:
3256:
3062:
2998:
2946:
2851:
2841:
2821:
2707:
2697:
2615:
2568:
2538:
2513:
2481:
2441:
2381:
2312:
2151:
1839:
1213:
1189:
797:
647:
615:
389:. Different color schemes provide different effects on the feel of the arrangement.
134:
860:(including silver dollar, gunnii, and baby blue), various types of ferns (such as
3767:
3657:
3637:
3617:
3612:
3602:
3497:
3132:
3122:
3107:
3067:
3032:
3025:
2956:
2916:
2685:
2558:
2548:
2456:
2413:
2393:
2122:
2073:
1869:
1814:
1739:
1156:
Prominent industry associations that promote floral design worldwide include the
1089:
382:
225:, pieces often had a degree of symbolism and used bright, vivid, and contrasting
3682:
3627:
3580:
3562:
3364:
3112:
3102:
3097:
3072:
2866:
2846:
2719:
2690:
2640:
2573:
2543:
2533:
2496:
2418:
2376:
2371:
2253:
2248:
2238:
2156:
2134:
1968:
1958:
1270:
1225:
1205:
1109:
635:
582:
532:
264:
A recreation of an
American Colonial Period arrangement using synthetic flowers
226:
162:
158:
138:
104:
3744:
3761:
3687:
3672:
3652:
3575:
3477:
3309:
3299:
3127:
3117:
3092:
3057:
2620:
2553:
2476:
2451:
2403:
2095:
2015:
1260:
1217:
1137:
1133:
1113:
1093:
897:
631:
450:
378:
374:
245:
130:
58:
3730:
3716:
3570:
3547:
3517:
3502:
2791:
2408:
2349:
2161:
2112:
2063:
2038:
1990:
1983:
1229:
1197:
557:
553:
422:
282:
269:
196:
166:
373:: the color of the arrangement. There are numerous color schemes, such as
169:
also created garlands and wreaths to wear. Greeks and Romans also created
3647:
3642:
3622:
3542:
3462:
3271:
3176:
2486:
2461:
2433:
2362:
2307:
2285:
2033:
2010:
2005:
1948:
1943:
1221:
1193:
949:
936:
913:
877:
821:
789:
540:
493:
479:
222:
137:
flowers and buds in vases nearly 4,000 years ago. Egyptians also created
96:
43:
3261:
2856:
2635:
2357:
2337:
2191:
2029:
1185:
857:
760:
747:
731:
691:
586:
578:
520:
516:
425:
used in floral design is fresh, or living, media. Fresh media includes
170:
79:
Common flower arrangements in floral design include vase arrangements,
3527:
3251:
3236:
3194:
2806:
2366:
2206:
1245:
889:
861:
772:
768:
703:
655:
651:
598:
561:
528:
501:
459:
69:
2861:
1908:
865:
764:
699:
671:
659:
643:
488:
Examples for each category of flowers. Clockwise, from upper left:
230:
200:
150:
918:
34:
A woman creating a flower arrangement in the 1930s in Tokyo, Japan
3482:
3410:
3150:
2020:
1265:
1173:
1141:
1127:
980:
953:
825:
711:
679:
675:
639:
619:
590:
565:
536:
524:
430:
238:
210:
182:
154:
146:
100:
92:
84:
3241:
1892:
1097:
834:
707:
687:
594:
426:
204:
195:
arrangements were, and still are, traditionally based upon the
142:
80:
1514:
1512:
1140:. Flower sellers are popular in countries like Mexico, India,
1122:
A street vendor selling flowers from a bicycle on a street in
1953:
1123:
869:
801:
776:
743:
695:
683:
663:
602:
234:
192:
2993:
1509:
930:
909:
820:
lighten and soften, whereas coarse textures of plants like
735:
667:
1826:
https://endowment.org/associations-industry-organizations/
1861:
1365:
1363:
739:
630:
Other flowers commonly used by floral designers include
1466:. National Association of Flower Arrangement Societies.
1356:. National Association of Flower Arrangement Societies.
153:, and collars. These arrangements often used lotus and
61:. Floral designs, called arrangements, incorporate the
1649:"Green Foliage: Eleven Varieties to Pair with Flowers"
1360:
922:
An example of shears that can be used in floral design
173:
full of fruits and vegetables as religious offerings.
840:
Other foliage used by floral designers today include
157:, as they were seen as sacred plants to the goddess
27:
Artistic design of flowers and plants for decoration
63:
five elements and seven principles of floral design
1493:"Floral Design Institute | Floral Design Styles |"
837:can be considered form foliage or a line foliage.
3759:
1347:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1316:"History Of Flower Arranging and Floral Design"
244:In French design, arrangements often used soft
1779:"Floral Design Schools and Colleges in the US"
1762:"WHY AND HOW TO GLUE PROM (AND OTHER) FLOWERS"
1136:that sell flowers and arrangements are called
1877:
1714:"Floral Foam – the impact on our environment"
1334:
1000:Texas Tech University School of Floral Design
122:Egypt, and has gradually evolved over time.
1807:Teagasc – Advisory – Factsheet 29: Floristry
1799:
1677:"Essential Floral Tools and How to Use Them"
1435:
1805:This list of primary floral events is from
1663:"10 Floral Tools Every Florist Should Have"
1398:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1884:
1870:
1532:
1530:
1828:, Associations and Industry Organizations
1701:. American Rose Society. 1 February 2015.
1523:. Donau Verlag Kriener & Potthoff KG.
1457:
1455:
68:Floral design is considered a section of
3401:Good Design Award (Museum of Modern Art)
1773:
1771:
1711:
1583:
1581:
1470:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1385:
1117:
1070:
974:
917:
627:form flowers, as well as mass flowers.
259:
125:
42:An arrangement displayed at a church in
37:
29:
1793:"The Best Florist Schools In The World"
1764:. OASIS Floral Products. 25 March 2019.
1593:
1527:
1448:. Garden Club of Virginia. 26 May 2015.
1402:
1045:Hong Kong Academy of Flower Arrangement
1025:California Polytechnic State University
14:
3760:
1518:
1476:
1461:
1452:
1426:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1158:American Institute of Floral Designers
1020:American Institute of Floral Designers
1015:New York Institute of Art & Design
3446:
3406:Good Design Award (Chicago Athenaeum)
3149:
2594:
1921:
1865:
1768:
1646:
1578:
1411:
281:designs. This led to the creation of
1837:
1740:"Using a Knife to Cut Fresh Flowers"
1601:"Floral Design curriculum Chapter 2"
1403:Berrall, Julia S. (1 January 1953).
1351:
1712:Feldmann, Rita (27 November 2019).
1606:. Texas State Florists’ Association
1544:. Texas State Florists’ Association
1536:
1294:
24:
3447:
3350:American Institute of Graphic Arts
1716:. Flowers Magazine. Archived from
1699:"Best-Kept Secrets of Floral Foam"
25:
3789:
3360:Design and Industries Association
1647:Neary, Kayla (21 November 2019).
1562:
1234:White House Chief Floral Designer
1184:Notable floral designers include
1103:
1086:Administrative Professionals' Day
1626:"List of Common Florist Flowers"
1305:Book of Floral Terminology, AIFD
1067:Floristry § Floristry shops
1050:Nobleman School of Floral Design
995:Rittners School of Floral Design
478:
469:
458:
449:
1922:
1844:Bella Online—The Voice of women
1831:
1819:
1795:. Onya Magazine. 28 April 2020.
1785:
1754:
1732:
1705:
1691:
1679:. Walden Floral. September 2021
1669:
1655:
1640:
1618:
1556:
1485:
1405:A History of Flower Arrangement
1151:
1060:
796:, etc.). Mass foliages include
255:
203:principle of preservation, and
3355:Chartered Society of Designers
2595:
1742:. Mississippi State University
1431:. National Council Books, Inc.
1308:
1164:promote floral design through
1040:Judith Blacklock Flower School
1010:Anne Arundel Community College
133:were among the first to place
13:
1:
3426:Prince Philip Designers Prize
2069:Architectural lighting design
1840:"Revolutionary Wiggy Flowers"
1497:www.floraldesigninstitute.com
1462:Curtis, Christina D. (2004).
1287:
1256:History of flower arrangement
896:, dried (and often aromatic)
298:
275:
117:History of flower arrangement
72:. But floral design pertains
3232:Electronic design automation
3215:Virtual home design software
2187:Automotive suspension design
1479:The New Art of Flower Design
1179:
1055:
1030:Mississippi State University
966:
883:
7:
2091:Environmental impact design
1781:. Thursd. 28 December 2022.
1565:"Elements of Floral Design"
1521:Principles of Floral Design
1443:"Floral Styles and Designs"
1427:Hannay, Frances J. (1948).
1239:
355:
62:
10:
3794:
3370:International Forum Design
2740:Engineering design process
1891:
1665:. Floranext. 23 June 2021.
1464:Contemporary Floral Design
1429:Period Flower Arrangements
1107:
1064:
907:
717:
436:
180:
114:
110:
3705:
3453:
3442:
3383:
3342:
3285:
3175:
3171:
3145:
2601:
2590:
2492:Integrated circuit design
2427:
2414:Stage/set lighting design
2346:
2303:Hardware interface design
2262:
2219:Hardware interface design
2170:
2052:
1932:
1928:
1917:
1899:
1407:. The Saint Austin Press.
1373:. Encyclopædia Britannica
1075:A florist's shop in Paris
421:The vast majority of the
293:
216:
187:Korean flower arrangement
3327:Industrial design rights
3315:Fashion design copyright
3227:Design quality indicator
2676:Creative problem-solving
2467:Electrical system design
2323:Sonic interaction design
2234:Photographic lens design
2108:Healthy community design
1035:The London Flower School
903:
888:Dried materials such as
416:
411:
199:idea of reflection, the
3523:New product development
3488:Enterprise architecture
3416:IF Product Design Award
3375:Design Research Society
2927:Reliability engineering
1519:Lersch, Gregor (1999).
1477:Healey, Deryck (1986).
1354:PERIOD FLOWER ARRANGING
1080:and events: Christmas,
176:
2979:Top-down and bottom-up
2328:User experience design
2229:Packaging and labeling
2202:Electric guitar design
2140:Landscape architecture
1539:"Principles of Design"
1148:in the United States.
1130:
1076:
984:
923:
265:
47:
35:
3508:Innovation management
3391:European Design Award
3157:Intellectual property
2974:Theory of constraints
2937:Responsibility-driven
2777:For manufacturability
2681:Creativity techniques
2519:Nuclear weapon design
2333:User interface design
2197:Corrugated box design
2118:Interior architecture
1813:6 August 2005 at the
1352:Vagg, Daphne (2006).
1121:
1074:
978:
921:
263:
126:Ancient civilizations
41:
33:
3553:Unintelligent design
3533:Philosophy of design
3247:Design specification
3200:Comprehensive layout
2772:For behaviour change
2745:Probabilistic design
2507:Power network design
2044:Visual merchandising
2001:Instructional design
1979:Postage stamp design
1276:The Big Flower Fight
1172:, flower shows, and
3473:Creative industries
3396:German Design Award
3305:Design infringement
3190:Architectural model
2529:Organization design
2524:Nucleic acid design
2472:Experimental design
2025:Traffic sign design
1371:"Floral decoration"
1146:Southwestern states
1005:Golden West College
3538:Process simulation
3513:Intelligent design
2837:Intelligence-based
2832:Integrated topside
2762:Framework-oriented
2447:Behavioural design
2318:Information design
1996:Information design
1838:Kruchmol, Connie.
1628:. We Love Florists
1322:. Hana Florist POS
1210:Jennifer McGarigle
1131:
1077:
985:
944:ribbon and twine.
924:
854:monstera deliciosa
266:
55:flower arrangement
48:
36:
18:Flower arrangement
3755:
3754:
3701:
3700:
3468:Conceptual design
3438:
3437:
3434:
3433:
3421:James Dyson Award
3277:Website wireframe
3267:Technical drawing
3141:
3140:
2989:Transgenerational
2730:Ecological design
2606:Activity-centered
2586:
2585:
2582:
2581:
2564:Spacecraft design
2358:Public art design
2296:Video game design
2274:Experience design
2244:Production design
2224:Motorcycle design
2182:Automotive design
2086:Ecological design
1964:Film title design
874:hypericum berries
814:plumosa asparagus
500:(filler flower),
16:(Redirected from
3785:
3778:Arts occupations
3747:
3740:
3733:
3726:
3719:
3712:
3444:
3443:
3321:Geschmacksmuster
3295:Community design
3173:
3172:
3147:
3146:
2907:Process-centered
2703:Design–bid–build
2671:Cradle-to-cradle
2651:Concept-oriented
2592:
2591:
2569:Strategic design
2539:Processor design
2514:Mechanism design
2482:Geometric design
2442:Algorithm design
2382:Jewellery design
2313:Immersive design
2207:Furniture design
2152:Landscape design
1930:
1929:
1919:
1918:
1886:
1879:
1872:
1863:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1835:
1829:
1823:
1817:
1803:
1797:
1796:
1789:
1783:
1782:
1775:
1766:
1765:
1758:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1747:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1720:on 23 March 2023
1709:
1703:
1702:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1659:
1653:
1652:
1644:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1605:
1597:
1591:
1585:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1560:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1543:
1537:Johnson, James.
1534:
1525:
1524:
1516:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1503:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1481:. Villard Books.
1474:
1468:
1467:
1459:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1439:
1433:
1432:
1424:
1409:
1408:
1400:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1367:
1358:
1357:
1349:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1320:Hana Florist POS
1312:
1306:
1303:
1214:Judith Blacklock
1202:Catherine Conlin
1190:Junichi Kakizaki
828:create contrast.
798:leatherleaf fern
490:Bells of Ireland
482:
473:
462:
453:
229:. Designs were
46:, United Kingdom
21:
3793:
3792:
3788:
3787:
3786:
3784:
3783:
3782:
3758:
3757:
3756:
3751:
3745:
3738:
3731:
3724:
3717:
3710:
3697:
3498:Futures studies
3449:
3430:
3379:
3338:
3287:
3281:
3167:
3166:
3137:
3043:Value sensitive
3033:User innovation
2912:Public interest
2877:Object-oriented
2597:
2578:
2559:Software design
2549:Research design
2502:Physical design
2457:Database design
2431:
2429:
2423:
2399:Property design
2394:Game art design
2348:
2342:
2265:
2258:
2173:
2166:
2123:Interior design
2074:Building design
2055:
2048:
1935:
1924:
1913:
1895:
1890:
1860:
1859:
1849:
1847:
1836:
1832:
1824:
1820:
1815:Wayback Machine
1804:
1800:
1791:
1790:
1786:
1777:
1776:
1769:
1760:
1759:
1755:
1745:
1743:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1723:
1721:
1710:
1706:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1682:
1680:
1675:
1674:
1670:
1661:
1660:
1656:
1645:
1641:
1631:
1629:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1586:
1579:
1569:
1567:
1561:
1557:
1547:
1545:
1541:
1535:
1528:
1517:
1510:
1501:
1499:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1475:
1471:
1460:
1453:
1445:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1425:
1412:
1401:
1386:
1376:
1374:
1369:
1368:
1361:
1350:
1335:
1325:
1323:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1304:
1295:
1290:
1280:Interior design
1242:
1182:
1154:
1116:
1106:
1082:Valentine's Day
1069:
1063:
1058:
969:
916:
906:
886:
810:Filler foliages
720:
632:peruvian lilies
508:
507:
506:
505:
496:(form flower),
492:(line flower),
485:
484:
483:
475:
474:
465:
464:
463:
455:
454:
439:
419:
414:
358:
301:
296:
278:
258:
219:
189:
179:
128:
119:
113:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3791:
3781:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3753:
3752:
3750:
3749:
3742:
3735:
3728:
3721:
3714:
3706:
3703:
3702:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3599:
3598:
3593:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3566:
3565:
3563:Wicked problem
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3454:
3451:
3450:
3448:Related topics
3440:
3439:
3436:
3435:
3432:
3431:
3429:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3387:
3385:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3365:Design Council
3362:
3357:
3352:
3346:
3344:
3340:
3339:
3337:
3336:
3335:
3334:
3332:European Union
3324:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3291:
3289:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3218:
3217:
3212:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3181:
3179:
3169:
3168:
3165:
3164:
3161:
3158:
3155:
3151:
3143:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3053:
3052:
3051:
3050:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3029:
3028:
3018:
3013:
3011:Usage-centered
3008:
3007:
3006:
3004:Design for All
2996:
2991:
2986:
2984:Transformation
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2965:
2964:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2932:Research-based
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2897:Platform-based
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2847:KISS principle
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2757:Fault-tolerant
2754:
2752:Error-tolerant
2749:
2748:
2747:
2737:
2735:Energy neutral
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2716:
2715:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2694:
2693:
2691:Design fiction
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2588:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2576:
2574:Systems design
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2544:Protein design
2541:
2536:
2534:Process design
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2510:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2497:Circuit design
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2438:
2436:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2419:Textile design
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2385:
2384:
2379:
2377:Costume design
2372:Fashion design
2369:
2360:
2354:
2352:
2344:
2343:
2341:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2299:
2298:
2293:
2283:
2282:
2281:
2270:
2268:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2256:
2254:Service design
2251:
2249:Sensory design
2246:
2241:
2239:Product design
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2215:
2214:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2178:
2176:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2164:
2159:
2157:Spatial design
2154:
2149:
2148:
2147:
2137:
2135:Keyline design
2132:
2131:
2130:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2101:Computer-aided
2093:
2088:
2083:
2082:
2081:
2071:
2066:
2060:
2058:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2027:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1969:Graphic design
1966:
1961:
1959:Exhibit design
1956:
1951:
1946:
1940:
1938:
1926:
1925:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1911:
1906:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1889:
1888:
1881:
1874:
1866:
1858:
1857:
1846:. Bella Online
1830:
1818:
1798:
1784:
1767:
1753:
1731:
1704:
1690:
1668:
1654:
1639:
1617:
1592:
1577:
1555:
1526:
1508:
1484:
1469:
1451:
1434:
1410:
1384:
1359:
1333:
1307:
1292:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1284:
1283:Fashion design
1281:
1278:
1273:
1271:Floral Jamming
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1241:
1238:
1226:Julia Clements
1206:Constance Spry
1181:
1178:
1153:
1150:
1138:flower sellers
1134:Street vendors
1110:Hawker (trade)
1105:
1104:Street vendors
1102:
1065:Main article:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
968:
965:
905:
902:
898:inflorescences
885:
882:
870:olive branches
846:Israeli ruscus
842:Italian ruscus
830:
829:
818:sprengeri fern
811:
806:
805:
786:
781:
780:
757:
752:
751:
728:
719:
716:
624:
623:
612:
611:Filler flowers
607:
606:
583:chrysanthemums
575:
570:
569:
550:
545:
544:
513:
504:(mass flower).
487:
486:
477:
476:
468:
467:
466:
457:
456:
448:
447:
446:
445:
444:
438:
435:
418:
415:
413:
410:
409:
408:
406:
402:
400:
396:
394:
390:
372:
368:
366:
357:
354:
349:
348:
346:
342:
340:
336:
334:
330:
328:
324:
322:
318:
316:
312:
310:
300:
297:
295:
292:
277:
274:
257:
254:
227:triadic colors
218:
215:
178:
175:
163:Ancient Greeks
127:
124:
115:Main article:
112:
109:
75:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3790:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3748:
3743:
3741:
3736:
3734:
3729:
3727:
3722:
3720:
3715:
3713:
3708:
3707:
3704:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3678:specification
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3591:architectural
3589:
3588:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3568:
3567:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3558:Visualization
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3478:Cultural icon
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3455:
3452:
3445:
3441:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3382:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3343:Organizations
3341:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3322:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3310:Design patent
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3300:Design around
3298:
3296:
3293:
3292:
3290:
3284:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3207:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3162:
3160:Organizations
3159:
3156:
3153:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3055:
3054:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3022:
3021:User-centered
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3005:
3002:
3001:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2969:Tableless web
2967:
2963:
2960:
2959:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2892:Participatory
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2782:For Six Sigma
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2725:Domain-driven
2723:
2721:
2718:
2714:
2713:architect-led
2711:
2710:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2692:
2689:
2688:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2656:Configuration
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2621:Brainstorming
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2603:
2600:
2593:
2589:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2554:Social design
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2477:Filter design
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2452:Boiler design
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2435:
2426:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2404:Scenic design
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2389:Floral design
2387:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2374:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2345:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2287:
2284:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2275:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2261:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2213:
2210:
2209:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2169:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2129:
2126:
2125:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2097:
2096:Garden design
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2080:
2079:Passive solar
2077:
2076:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2054:Environmental
2051:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2016:Retail design
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1934:Communication
1931:
1927:
1920:
1916:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1898:
1894:
1887:
1882:
1880:
1875:
1873:
1868:
1867:
1864:
1845:
1841:
1834:
1827:
1822:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1802:
1794:
1788:
1780:
1774:
1772:
1763:
1757:
1741:
1735:
1719:
1715:
1708:
1700:
1694:
1678:
1672:
1664:
1658:
1650:
1643:
1627:
1621:
1602:
1596:
1589:
1584:
1582:
1566:
1563:Dicks, Lori.
1559:
1540:
1533:
1531:
1522:
1515:
1513:
1498:
1494:
1488:
1480:
1473:
1465:
1458:
1456:
1444:
1438:
1430:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1406:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1372:
1366:
1364:
1355:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1321:
1317:
1311:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1293:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1261:Flower seller
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1237:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1218:Stanlee Gatti
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1129:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1114:Flower seller
1111:
1101:
1099:
1095:
1094:All Souls Day
1091:
1087:
1083:
1073:
1068:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
992:
991:
988:
982:
977:
973:
964:
961:
957:
955:
951:
945:
941:
938:
934:
932:
928:
920:
915:
911:
901:
899:
895:
894:dried flowers
891:
881:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
838:
836:
827:
823:
819:
815:
809:
808:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
785:Mass foliages
784:
783:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
756:Form foliages
755:
754:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
727:Line foliages
726:
725:
724:
723:
715:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
628:
621:
617:
616:baby's breath
610:
609:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
573:
572:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
548:
547:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
511:
510:
509:
503:
499:
495:
491:
481:
472:
461:
452:
443:
434:
432:
428:
424:
404:
403:
398:
397:
392:
391:
388:
387:complimentary
384:
380:
376:
375:monochromatic
370:
369:
364:
363:
362:
361:
353:
344:
343:
338:
337:
332:
331:
326:
325:
320:
319:
314:
313:
308:
307:
306:
305:
291:
287:
284:
273:
271:
262:
253:
249:
247:
246:pastel colors
242:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
214:
212:
208:
206:
202:
198:
194:
188:
184:
174:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
123:
118:
108:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
77:
73:
71:
66:
64:
60:
59:ancient Egypt
56:
52:
51:Floral design
45:
40:
32:
19:
3548:STEAM fields
3518:Lean startup
3503:Indie design
3319:
3286:Intellectual
3038:Value-driven
3016:Use-centered
2922:Regenerative
2902:Policy-based
2862:Mind mapping
2767:For assembly
2708:Design–build
2626:By committee
2611:Adaptive web
2409:Sound design
2388:
2367:glass design
2365: /
2350:applied arts
2291:Level design
2162:Urban design
2113:Hotel design
2064:Architecture
2039:Video design
2032: /
2023: /
1991:Illustration
1984:Print design
1954:Brand design
1848:. Retrieved
1843:
1833:
1821:
1801:
1787:
1756:
1744:. Retrieved
1734:
1722:. Retrieved
1718:the original
1707:
1693:
1681:. Retrieved
1671:
1657:
1642:
1630:. Retrieved
1620:
1608:. Retrieved
1595:
1568:. Retrieved
1558:
1546:. Retrieved
1520:
1500:. Retrieved
1496:
1487:
1478:
1472:
1463:
1437:
1428:
1404:
1375:. Retrieved
1353:
1324:. Retrieved
1319:
1310:
1230:Azuma Makoto
1198:Phil Rulloda
1183:
1162:associations
1155:
1152:Associations
1132:
1090:Mothers' Day
1078:
1061:Floral shops
989:
986:
970:
962:
958:
946:
942:
935:
929:
925:
887:
850:dusty miller
839:
831:
773:diffenbachia
721:
629:
625:
574:Mass flowers
558:calla lilies
549:Form flowers
541:pussywillows
512:Line flowers
440:
420:
359:
350:
302:
288:
279:
270:the Americas
267:
256:The Americas
250:
243:
220:
209:
191:Chinese and
190:
129:
120:
97:boutonnieres
78:
67:
54:
50:
49:
3586:competition
3543:Slow design
3493:Form factor
3463:Concept art
3272:HTML editor
2952:Sustainable
2787:For testing
2631:By contract
2487:Work design
2462:Drug design
2434:engineering
2308:Icon design
2286:Game design
2264:Interaction
2212:Sustainable
2145:Sustainable
2034:Type design
2011:Photography
2006:News design
1949:Book design
1944:Advertising
1923:Disciplines
1251:Floral shop
1222:Irene Hayes
1194:Paula Pryke
1170:conferences
950:boutonniere
937:Floral foam
914:Flower frog
878:pittosporum
822:huckleberry
790:floral foam
742:, and flat
521:delphiniums
517:snapdragons
494:moth orchid
327:Focal point
231:symmetrical
223:Renaissance
221:During the
171:cornucopias
3762:Categories
3746:Wiktionary
3739:Wikisource
3693:technology
3663:principles
3262:Storyboard
3088:management
3083:leadership
3048:Privacy by
2887:Parametric
2857:Metadesign
2827:Integrated
2817:High-level
2802:Generative
2797:Functional
2666:Continuous
2661:Contextual
2636:C-K theory
2596:Approaches
2338:Web design
2192:CMF design
2172:Industrial
2030:Typography
1502:2017-11-06
1288:References
1232:, and the
1186:Daniel Ost
1108:See also:
908:See also:
858:eucalyptus
761:eucalyptus
748:sword fern
746:, such as
732:bear grass
704:sunflowers
692:ranunculus
599:hydrangeas
579:carnations
309:Proportion
299:Principles
276:Modern day
181:See also:
3773:Floristry
3732:Wikiquote
3718:Wikibooks
3668:rationale
3633:knowledge
3608:education
3528:OODA loop
3252:Prototype
3237:Flowchart
3195:Blueprint
3063:computing
2999:Universal
2947:Safe-life
2852:Low-level
2842:Iterative
2822:Inclusive
2807:Geodesign
2698:Defensive
2646:Co-design
2616:Affective
1246:Floristry
1180:Designers
1166:workshops
1056:Community
967:Education
884:Preserved
862:tree fern
769:equisetum
652:kalanchoe
562:anthurium
529:gladiolus
502:carnation
498:waxflower
383:analogous
241:-shaped.
197:Confucian
131:Egyptians
70:floristry
3725:Wikinews
3658:paradigm
3638:language
3618:engineer
3613:elements
3603:director
3288:property
3133:thinking
3123:strategy
3108:research
3068:controls
3026:Empathic
2957:Systemic
2917:Rational
2872:New Wave
2686:Critical
1909:Designer
1811:Archived
1746:22 March
1724:23 March
1683:21 March
1632:21 March
1610:22 March
1570:21 March
1548:22 March
1377:21 March
1240:See also
1174:seminars
892:, wood,
866:camellia
794:pot tape
765:calathea
700:solidago
672:limonium
660:lavender
656:larkspur
648:hyacinth
644:gardenia
640:freesias
537:cattails
356:Elements
283:abstract
201:Buddhist
151:headwear
147:garlands
139:bouquets
105:bouquets
101:corsages
93:festoons
89:garlands
85:nosegays
3711:Commons
3683:studies
3628:history
3596:student
3581:classic
3569:Design
3483:.design
3411:Graphex
3113:science
3103:pattern
3098:methods
3073:culture
3056:Design
2867:Modular
2720:Diffuse
2641:Closure
2363:Ceramic
2021:Signage
1904:Outline
1326:15 July
1266:Ikebana
1142:Vietnam
1128:Vietnam
981:corsage
954:corsage
826:boxwood
718:Foliage
712:zinnias
680:peonies
620:statice
595:dahlias
591:anemone
587:daisies
566:orchids
525:liatris
437:Flowers
431:foliage
427:flowers
405:Texture
379:triadic
339:Harmony
321:Balance
239:ellipse
235:arching
211:Ikebana
183:Ikebana
155:papyrus
143:wreaths
111:History
81:wreaths
3768:Design
3688:studio
3673:review
3653:museum
3576:change
3384:Awards
3257:Sketch
3242:Mockup
3222:CAutoD
3163:Awards
3128:theory
3118:sprint
3093:marker
3058:choice
2432:&
2430:design
2266:design
2174:design
2056:design
1974:Motion
1936:design
1893:Design
1850:18 May
1098:Advent
876:, and
835:ruscus
775:, and
710:, and
708:tulips
688:protea
676:lupine
668:lilies
636:cosmos
601:, and
564:, and
554:irises
539:, and
333:Rhythm
294:Design
217:Europe
205:Taoist
193:Korean
167:Romans
103:, and
3571:brief
3458:Agile
3177:Tools
3154:Tools
2792:For X
2428:Other
2347:Other
1604:(PDF)
1542:(PDF)
1446:(PDF)
1124:Hanoi
931:Vases
904:Tools
802:salal
777:galax
744:ferns
696:sedum
684:phlox
664:lilac
603:roses
533:stock
423:media
417:Fresh
412:Media
399:Space
385:, or
371:Color
345:Unity
315:Scale
237:, or
135:lotus
3648:load
3643:life
3623:firm
3210:CAID
3078:flow
2994:TRIZ
2882:Open
1852:2015
1748:2023
1726:2023
1685:2023
1634:2023
1612:2023
1572:2023
1550:2023
1379:2023
1328:2022
1144:and
1112:and
912:and
910:Vase
890:bark
824:and
816:and
800:and
736:flax
618:and
429:and
393:Form
365:Line
185:and
177:Asia
165:and
159:Isis
74:only
44:Beer
3205:CAD
3185:AAD
2962:SOD
2942:RWD
2812:HCD
2279:EED
2128:EID
952:or
864:),
740:ivy
694:,
268:In
53:or
3764::
1842:.
1809:.
1770:^
1580:^
1529:^
1511:^
1495:.
1454:^
1413:^
1387:^
1362:^
1336:^
1318:.
1296:^
1236:.
1228:,
1224:,
1220:,
1216:,
1212:,
1208:,
1204:,
1200:,
1196:,
1192:,
1188:,
1176:.
1168:,
1126:,
1096:,
1092:,
1088:,
1084:,
880:.
872:,
868:,
856:,
852:,
848:,
844:,
792:,
771:,
767:,
763:,
738:,
734:,
714:.
706:,
702:,
698:,
690:,
686:,
682:,
678:,
674:,
670:,
666:,
662:,
658:,
654:,
650:,
646:,
642:,
638:,
634:,
597:,
593:,
589:,
585:,
581:,
560:,
556:,
535:,
531:,
527:,
523:,
519:,
433:.
381:,
377:,
161:.
149:,
145:,
141:,
107:.
99:,
95:,
91:,
87:,
83:,
65:.
1885:e
1878:t
1871:v
1854:.
1750:.
1728:.
1687:.
1651:.
1636:.
1614:.
1574:.
1552:.
1505:.
1381:.
1330:.
983:.
804:.
779:.
750:.
622:.
605:.
568:.
543:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.