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845:. The UK's first Fraunhofer Centre, Fraunhofer Centre for Applied Photonics, was established and quickly recognised as a world-leading centre in lasers and optical systems. The UK Government commented on the significance of Fraunhofer CAP in quantum technology innovation. Ongoing core funding is received from Scottish Government and Scottish Enterprise.
470:
focus, distribution of resources, project acquisition, and project management. On the other hand, this also generates a certain economic pressure and a compulsion to customer and market orientation. In this sense, the institutes and their employees act in an entrepreneurial manner and ideally combine research, innovation, and entrepreneurship.
965:. At this time, a "commission for the promotion of the development of the Fraunhofer Society" planned the further development of the Fraunhofer Society (FhG). The commission developed a financing model that would make the Society dependent on its commercial success. This would later come to be known as the "Fraunhofer Model".
1052:
The
Fraunhofer Society developed and formulated a firm specific mission statement summarizing fundamental targets and codifying the desired "values and guidelines" of the society's "culture". Amongst these, the society committed itself to improving the opportunities for female employees and coworkers
478:
audio data compression process. In 2018, the
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft reported 734 new inventions. This corresponds to about three inventions per working day. Of these, 612 developments were registered for patents. Recent studies have shown that the presence of a Fraunhofer center can boost the patent
469:
The institutes are not legally independent units. The
Fraunhofer model grants a very high degree of independence to the institutes in terms of project results, scientific impact and above all for their own funding. On the one hand, this results in a high degree of independence in terms of technical
473:
Numerous innovations are the result of research and development work at the
Fraunhofer institutes. The institutes work on practically all application-relevant technology fields, i.e. microelectronics, information and communication technology, life sciences, materials research, energy technology or
957:
In 1968, the
Fraunhofer Society became the target of public criticism for its role in military research. The criticism continued in the following decades and became a topic of public debate, including the need to improve resilience, defence capabilities and the protection of civilians and against
1041:
In 2002, ownership of the
Heinrich-Hertz-Institut for Communications Technology Berlin GmbH (HHI), which belonged to the Gottfried William Leibniz Society e. V. (GWL), was transferred to the Fraunhofer Society. With this integration, the Fraunhofer Society budget exceeded €1 billion for the
452:
Since the 1990s the organization has also internationalized, establishing various centers in the United States, Asia and other
European countries. In October 2010, Fraunhofer announced that it would open its first research center in South America. Fraunhofer UK Research Ltd was established as a
461:
The so-called "Fraunhofer model" has been in existence since 1973 and has led to the society's continuing growth. Under the model, the
Fraunhofer Society earns about 70% of its income through contracts with industry or specific government projects. The other 30% of the budget is sourced in the
465:
Thus the size of the society's budget depends largely on its success in maximizing revenue from commissions. This funding model applies not just to the central society itself but also to the individual institutes. This serves both to drive the realization of the
Fraunhofer Society's strategic
1026:
Between 2000 and 2001, the institutes and IT research centres of the GMD (Gesellschaft für
Mathematik und Datenverarbeitung – Society for Mathematics and Information technology) were integrated into the Fraunhofer Society at the initiative of the Federal Ministry for Education and Research.
894:
E-puzzler, a pattern-recognition machine, which can digitally put back together even the most finely shredded papers. The E-puzzler uses a computerized conveyor belt that runs shards of shredded and torn paper through a digital scanner, automatically reconstructing original
898:
OpenIMS, an Open Source implementation of IMS Call Session Control Functions (CSCFs) and a lightweight Home Subscriber Server (HSS), which together form the core elements of all IMS/NGN architectures as specified today within 3GPP, 3GPP2, ETSI TISPAN and the PacketCable
946:
From 1954, the Society's first institutes developed. By 1956, it was developing research facilities in cooperation with the Ministry of Defense. In 1959, the Fraunhofer Society comprised nine institutes with 135 coworkers and a budget of 3.6 million
1074:
In 2009, the former FGAN Institutes were converted into Fraunhofer Institutes, amongst them the Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics FKIE and the Fraunhofer Institute for Radar and High Frequency Technology FHR.
1056:
In 2004, the former "Fraunhofer Working Group for Electronic Media Technology" at the Fraunhofer-Institut for Integrated Circuits (IIS) gained the status of an independent institute. It becomes Fraunhofer-Institut for Digital Media Technology IDMT.
1070:
In 2006, the Fraunhofer Institute for Intelligent Analysis and Information Systems (IAIS) was founded as a merger between the Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems (AIS), and the Institute for Media Communication (IMK).
1903:
902:
Roborder, an autonomous border surveillance system that uses unmanned mobile robots including aerial, water surface, underwater and ground vehicles which incorporate multi-modal sensors as part of an interoperable
968:
The Model was agreed to by the Federal Cabinet and the Bund-Länder-Kommission in 1973. In the same year, the executive committee and central administration moved into joint accommodation at Leonrodstraße 54 in
1589:
390:
1016:
Its mission statement of 2000 committed the Fraunhofer Society to being a market and customer-oriented, nationally and internationally active sponsor organization for institutes of applied research.
1003:
In 1991, the Fraunhofer Society faced the challenge of integrating numerous research establishments in former East Germany as branch offices of already-existing institutes in the Fraunhofer Society.
1078:
In 2012, the cooperation of Fraunhofer with selected research-oriented universities of applied sciences based on the "Application Center" model started. The first cooperation was started with the
516:
761:
1743:: Die Militarisierung des Zivilen - Das Forschungsprogramm für die zivile Sicherheit. Tübingen: Informationsstelle Militarisierung (IMI) e.V., accessed: 6 September 2023.
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935:
In 1952, the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs declared the Fraunhofer Society to be the third part of the non-university German research landscape (alongside the
1063:
In 2005, two new institutes, the Leipzig Fraunhofer-Institut for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), and the Fraunhofer Center for Nano-electronic technologies CNT in
1333:
1097:
1302:
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direction of becoming a leader in applied research and to encourage a flexible, autonomous, and entrepreneurial approach to the society's research priorities.
449:, "owns" the Fraunhofer Society), but more than 70% of the funding is earned through contract work, either for government-sponsored projects or from industry.
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706:
212:
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compression algorithm was invented and patented by Fraunhofer IIS. Its license revenues generated about €100 million in revenue for the society in 2005.
1918:
1753:
832:
Fraunhofer Singapore – Visual and Medical Computing, Cognitive Human-Machine Interaction, Cyber- and Information Security, Visual Immersive Mathematics
1060:
New alliances and topic groups helped to strengthen the market operational readiness level of the institutes for Fraunhofer in certain jurisdictions.
1038:
audio format which they developed. For many years afterwards, MP3 was the most widely adopted method for compressing and decompressing digital audio.
1013:
In 1994, the Society founded a US-based subsidiary, Fraunhofer USA, Inc., to extend the outreach of Fraunhofer's R&D network to American clients.
443:
Some basic funding for the Fraunhofer Society is provided by the state (the German public, through the federal government together with the states or
881:
335:
1397:
943:). Whether the Fraunhofer Society should support applied research through its own facilities was, however, the subject of a long-running dispute.
1923:
672:
1477:
1187:
800:
In addition to its German institutes, the Fraunhofer Society operates five US-based Centers through its American subsidiary, Fraunhofer USA:
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stores, which would allow people to take a picture of their home into a store to view a fully assembled, digital adaptation of their room.
862:
769:
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1023:, to advance the transfer of its scientific research findings and meet the growing entrepreneurial spirit in the Fraunhofer institutes.
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1548:
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/642542/Science_and_innovation_paper.pdf
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408:'Fraunhofer Society for the Advancement of Applied Research') is a German publicly-owned research organization with 76
1740:
1682:
884:
holds the world record for solar energy conversion efficiency with 41.1%, nearly twice that of a standard silicon-based cell.
17:
453:
legally independent affiliate along with its Fraunhofer Centre for Applied Photonics, in Glasgow, Scotland, in March 2012.
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cyber-attacks. In 2022, Fraunhofer also benefited from the € 100 billion in special funding for the German armed forces.
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49:
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who, as a scientist, an engineer, and an entrepreneur, is said to have superbly exemplified the goals of the society.
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billion, it is the biggest organization for applied research and development services in Europe. It is named after
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By 1989, the Fraunhofer Society had nearly 6,400 employees in 37 institutes, with a total budget of 700 million
109:
98:
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video compression standard, a technology recognized with two Emmy awards in 2008 and 2009. This includes the
1637:
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proportion 9:1 from federal and state (Land) government grants and is used to support preparatory research.
977:
841:
At the invitation of the UK Government, Fraunhofer UK Research Ltd was established in partnership with the
993:
By 1988, defence research represented only about 10% of the entire expenditure of the Fraunhofer Society.
986:
By 1984, the Fraunhofer Society had 3,500 employees in 33 institutes and a research budget of 360 million
1883:
929:
339:
1508:"The effect of applied research institutes on invention: Evidence from the Fraunhofer centres in Europe"
936:
1162:
983:
In 1977, the political ownership of the society was shared by the Ministries of Defense and Research.
912:
1660:"High efficiency concentrator solar cells and moduls – Research-News-Special-Edition-05-2010-Topic 2"
1079:
842:
651:
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By 1969, Fraunhofer had more than 1,200 employees in 19 institutes. The budget stood at 33 million
208:
1793:"Präsident, Unternehmensstrategie, Forschung und Kommunikation: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reimund Neugebauer"
194:
87:
55:
1030:
The year 2000 marked a noteworthy success at Fraunhofer-Institut for Integrated Circuits (IIS):
954:
In 1965, the Fraunhofer Society was identified as a sponsor organization for applied research.
134:
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to identify themselves with the enterprise and to develop their own creative potential.
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The Fraunhofer Society currently operates 76 institutes and research units. These are
1572:"Fraunhofer UK Innovation investment: Funding announced for leading laser scientists"
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1455:
1283:
1135:
1035:
686:
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866:
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on March 26, 1949, by representatives of industry and academia, the government of
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https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201719/cmselect/cmsctech/2030/2030.pdf
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was established, and has gained ever more significance in subsequent years.
1904:
Members of the European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics
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642:
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institutes spread throughout Germany, each focusing on different fields of
399:
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V.
1507:
1045:
In 2003, the Fraunhofer Society headquarters moved to its own building in
1007:
997:
987:
962:
948:
828:
In 2017 Fraunhofer Society launched its first direct subsidiary in Asia:
474:
medical technology. One of the best known Fraunhofer developments is the
1754:"Fraunhofer-FKIE stärkt Bonn als nationales Zentrum für Cybersicherheit"
1006:
In 1993, the Fraunhofer Society's total budget exceeded 1 billion
877:
779:
756:
646:
700:
664:
425:
270:
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V.
1827:
1731:, Web special Fraunhofer magazine 2.2022, accessed: 6 September 2023
976:
The Fraunhofer program for the promotion of consulting research for
178:
76:
1638:"Ten facts about the Fraunhofer FDK AAC Codec Library for Android™"
1086:
and led to the foundation of the Fraunhofer IOSB-INA in late 2011.
732:
429:
613:
Information Center for Regional Planning and Building Construction
277:
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925:
738:
690:
1849:
1364:"Photonics leaders gather for launch of Fraunhofer UK Research"
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970:
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1225:
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810:
636:
1815:
371:
1237:
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475:
1424:"The World's Most Innovative Research Institutions 2019"
1708:
1592:. Britischebotschaft.de. 1 August 2008. Archived from
1240:
1231:
1228:
1219:
479:
output of local firms and inventors in at least 13%.
1222:
1019:
In 1999, Fraunhofer initiated Fraunhofer Venture, a
553:
Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics
1616:"Heinrich Hertz Institute – Another EMMY for H.264"
1234:
1216:
101:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1303:"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft: International Locations"
916:A German stamp: 50 years of the Fraunhofer Society
432:, and with an annual research budget of about €3.0
1875:
193:, potentially preventing the article from being
1683:"Reassembling a puzzle with 600 million pieces"
1674:
1338:Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft organizational web site
1307:Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft organizational web site
882:Fraunhofer's Institute for Solar Energy Systems
1505:
1118:Fraunhofer - Dresden - FEP - IFAM - IKTS - IWS
887:Fraunhofer is developing a program for use at
876:As of May 2010, a metamorphic triple-junction
683:Microsystems and Solid State Technologies EMFT
633:International Management and Knowledge Economy
1729:"Security that reflects the times we live in"
1188:National Network for Manufacturing Innovation
836:
577:Energy Economics and Energy System Technology
749:Structural Durability and System Reliability
703:, System Technologies and Image Exploitation
624:Intelligent Analysis and Information Systems
865:(HHI) was a significant contributor to the
669:Materials Recycling and Resource Strategies
592:High-Frequency Physics and Radar Techniques
580:Environmental, Safety and Energy Technology
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1680:
1421:
276:
213:reliable, independent, third-party sources
1919:Scientific organisations based in Germany
1454:. Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft. Archived from
785:Transportation and Infrastructure Systems
249:Learn how and when to remove this message
231:Learn how and when to remove this message
161:Learn how and when to remove this message
911:
791:Wood Research, Wilhelm-Klauditz-Institut
720:Production Systems and Design Technology
657:Manufacturing Engineering and Automation
621:Integrated Systems and Device Technology
517:Applied Optics and Precision Engineering
207:by replacing them with more appropriate
1278:
1276:
823:
680:Microstructure of Materials and Systems
190:too closely associated with the subject
14:
1924:20th-century establishments in Bavaria
1876:
920:The Fraunhofer Society was founded in
424:). With some 30,800 employees, mainly
1775:"Chronik der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft"
1681:Popplewell, Brett (20 January 2008).
1569:
1331:
1300:
1255:
1446:
1444:
1375:
1373:
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677:Microelectronic Circuits and Systems
172:
99:adding citations to reliable sources
70:
29:
1889:1949 establishments in West Germany
863:Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute
848:
571:Electron Beam and Plasma Technology
456:
24:
583:Embedded Systems and Communication
25:
1935:
1909:Organizations established in 1949
1807:
1570:Rollo, Grant (14 December 2023).
1441:
1381:"Satzung von Fraunhofer (German)"
1370:
807:Experimental Software Engineering
804:Coatings and Diamond Technologies
795:
717:Process Engineering and Packaging
586:Experimental Software Engineering
45:This article has multiple issues.
1212:
1111:
1096:
1089:
726:Reliability and Microintegration
589:Factory Operation and Automation
547:Ceramic Technologies and Systems
188:may rely excessively on sources
177:
75:
34:
1894:Engineering research institutes
1785:
1767:
1746:
1734:
1722:
1701:
1652:
1640:. Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft. 2012
1630:
1608:
1582:
1563:
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1541:
1530:
1499:
1470:
1150:Christian Otto Mohr (1968–1974)
762:Systems and Innovation Research
714:Physical Measurement Techniques
513:Applied and Integrated Security
86:needs additional citations for
53:or discuss these issues on the
1506:Llanos-Paredes, Pedro (2023).
1415:
1390:
1356:
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654:and Applied Materials Research
13:
1:
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1103:Fraunhofer-Institut (IME) in
729:Secure Information Technology
482:
1662:. Fraunhofer.de. 19 May 2010
766:Technological Trend Analysis
660:Material and Beam Technology
627:Interfacial Engineering and
7:
1181:
544:Cell Therapy and Immunology
420:, which works primarily on
10:
1940:
1147:Franz Kollmann (1964–1968)
1021:technology transfer office
937:German Research Foundation
907:
871:Fraunhofer FDK AAC library
837:Fraunhofer UK Research Ltd
819:Digital Media Technologies
707:Open Communication Systems
1080:Technische Hochschule OWL
843:University of Strathclyde
782:and Experimental Medicine
652:Manufacturing Engineering
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1153:Heinz Keller (1974–1982)
816:Manufacturing Innovation
521:Applied Polymer Research
269:
1899:Laboratories in Germany
1797:Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
1779:Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
1524:10.1093/reseval/rvad028
1485:Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
1402:Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
1288:Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
696:Non-Destructive Testing
574:Electronic Nano Systems
1914:Robotics organizations
1332:Staff (October 2010).
1257:[ˈfraʊnˌhoːfɐ]
1193:Open access in Germany
917:
673:Mechanics of Materials
610:Industrial Mathematics
606:Industrial Engineering
537:Biomedical Engineering
509:Information Technology
398:
1334:"Fraunhofer in Chile"
941:Max Planck Institutes
915:
723:Production Technology
711:Photonic Microsystems
489:Fraunhofer Institutes
438:Joseph von Fraunhofer
27:Research organization
18:Fraunhofer Institutes
1478:"Annual Report 2018"
1301:Staff (March 2006).
1163:Hans-Jürgen Warnecke
824:Fraunhofer Singapore
745:Solar Energy Systems
503:Scientific Computing
110:"Fraunhofer Society"
95:improve this article
1618:. Hhi.fraunhofer.de
1576:Technology Scotland
1537:Fraunhofer homepage
1512:Research Evaluation
1398:"Fraunhofer Groups"
1313:on 17 November 2011
1284:"Facts and Figures"
1169:Hans-Jörg Bullinger
1142:Hermann von Siemens
788:Wind Energy Systems
753:Surface Engineering
617:Integrated Circuits
600:Ernst-Mach-Institut
596:High-Speed Dynamics
550:Chemical Technology
526:Solid State Physics
497:Systems Engineering
416:(as opposed to the
352:€3.0 billion (2022)
290: (75 years ago)
265:
1884:Fraunhofer Society
1344:on 28 October 2010
1175:Reimund Neugebauer
928:, and the nascent
918:
770:Telecommunications
663:Material Flow and
647:Forming Technology
418:Max Planck Society
386:Fraunhofer Society
264:Fraunhofer Society
263:
1689:. Toronto, Canada
1458:on 1 January 2014
1452:"The mp3 History"
687:Molecular Biology
557:Computer Graphics
407:
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16:(Redirected from
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1741:Jens Kany (2012)
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1422:David M. Ewalt.
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1340:. Archived from
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1309:. Archived from
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1067:, were founded.
930:Federal Republic
867:H.264/MPEG-4 AVC
849:Notable projects
568:Digital Medicine
541:Building Physics
457:Fraunhofer model
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307:Applied research
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1596:on 8 March 2013
1590:"UK in Germany"
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1130:Walther Gerlach
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501:Algorithms and
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414:applied science
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336:Holger Hanselka
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1759:18 November
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780:Toxicology
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483:Institutes
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331:Key people
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50:improve it
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776:-Institut
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735:Research
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559:Research
524:Applied
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348:Budget
313:Location
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